Initial Environmental Examination

Document Stage: Final Project Number: 38254

January 2010

India: North Karnataka Urban Sector Investment Program (Tranche 2)—Basavakalyan

Prepared by Karnataka Urban Infrastructure Development Finance Corporation

For the Government of Karnataka North Karnataka Urban Sector Investment Program

The initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein ido not necessarily represent those of ADB’s Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature.

ABBREVIATIONS

ADB – Asian Development Bank ASP – Activated Sludge Process BM – Bituminous Macadam DoEEF – Department of Ecology, Environment and Forests EIA – Environmental Impact Assessment EMP – Environmental Management Plan EP Act – Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 GoI – Government of India GoK – Government of Karnataka GSB – Granular Sub-base IEE – Initial Environmental Examination KSPCB – Karnataka State Pollution Control Board MLD – Million Litre per Day MoEF – Ministry of Environment and Forests MSL – Mean Sea Level MSS – Mix Seal Surface NKUSIP – North Karnataka Urban Sector Investment Program NOC – No Objection Certificate NOx – Oxides of Nitrogen OM – Operations Manual PCC – Profile Concrete Course PWD – Public Works Department RSPM – Respirable Suspended Particulate Matter SOx – oxides of sulphur STP – Sewage Treatment Plant RSPM – Respirable Suspended Particulate Matter TSPM – Total Suspended Particulate Matter WMM – Wet Mix Macadam WRDO – Water Resource Development Organization

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CONTENTS

Sl. No. Particular Pg No. I INTRODUCTION 1-8 A. Overview 1 B. Methodology 1 C. Environmental Regulatory Compliance 4 D. Procedures for Confirmation of Environmental Considerations 4 E. Scope of IEE 8 F. Report Structure 8

II DESCRIPTION OF THE INVESTMENT PROGRAM COMPONENTS 9-20 A. NKUSIP Investment Program Goal 9 B. Need for Infrastructure Improvement 9 Part A: Environmental Sanitation Infrastructure 10 Part B: Water Supply Infrastructure 10 Part C: Urban Storm Water Drainage 10 Part D: Urban Road Improvement 11 Part E: Poverty Alleviation 11 Part F: Non-Municipal Infrastructure 11 Part G: Institutional Development 11 Part H: Investment Program Assistance Facility 11 C. Project Components 12 D. Project Description 13 1. Sewerage System Improvements 13 2. Water Supply Infrastructure 16 3. Slum Improvement Works 19

III. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 21-33 A. Environmental Profile of Basavakalyan 21 1. Topography & Geology 21 2. Soil 22 3. Climate 22 4. Land Use Pattern 24 5. Water Quality 25 6. Ambient Air Quality 29 7. Ambient Noise quality 31 8. Social Environment 32 9. Forest & Biodiversity 32 10. Demographic Characteristics 32 11. Socio- Economic Base 32 B. Environmental Settings of Investment Program Component Sites 33 1. Sewerage Treatment Plant site at Betbelkunta Village 2. Water Treatment Plant at Mustapur Dam

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IV. ENVIRONMENTAL SCREENING OF SUB COMPONENTS 34 A. Introduction 34

V. POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT & MITIGATION MEASURES 34-57 A. Overview 35 1. Potential Impact & Mitigation measures under Sub Components of 35 Sewerage System 2. Potential Impact & Mitigation measures under Sub Components of Water 45 Works 3. Potential Impact & Mitigation measures under Slum Improvement Works 53

VI INSTITUTIONAL ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITY 58-62

VII ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN 63-69 1. Detailed Environmental Monitoring Plan for proposed Sewerage System, 63 Water Supply System and Slum Improvement Works 2. Environmental Monitoring Cost 68

VIII PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE 70-71 A. Overview 70 B. Grievance Redressal Mechanisms 71

IX ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 72-84 A Overview 72 1. Environmental Management Plan for proposed Sewerage work 73 2. Environmental Management Plan for proposed Water Supply work 78 3. Environmental Management Plan for Slum Improvement Works 81

X FINDINGS & RECOMMENDATIONS 86-87 1. Prioritization based on Environmental Issues 86 2. Screening Results

List of Tables Table 1: Environmental Assessment Requirements for Project Loans 4 Table 2: Summary of Relevant Environmental Legislations for Sewerage 5 Sub Project in Basavakalyan Table 3: Summary of Relevant Environmental Legislations for Water 7 Supply Projects Table 4: Project Area, Present and Projected Population in Basavakalyan 12 Town Table 5 Details of Sewerage Infrastructure Proposed in Basavakalyan 12 Table 6: Project Description 14 Table 7: Estimated Net Water Demand in Basavaklayan CMC area 16 Table 8: Annual Water Demand and Supply Deficit of Water in Design 17 Years Table 9: The proposed system 17

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Table 10: The proposed work for Basavakalyan Town under Water Supply 18 System Table 11: Detail of Notified Slums in Basavakalyan Town 19 Table 12: Identified Proposed Slum Improvement Works 20 Table 13: Soil Condition of Basavakalyan Town 21 Table 14: Climatic Condition of Basavakalyan Town 23 Table 15: Existing Land use Pattern (LUP) 24 Table 16: Existing Landuse Pattern (LUP) 25 Table 17: CPCB Standard for Water Quality of Surface Water 26 Table 18: - Physico-chemical Parameters of Tripuranthkeshwar Lake 27 Table 19 : Ground Water Quality of Basavakalyan 29 Table 20: Waste Water Quality, Basavakalyan 30 Table 21: Ambient Air Quality Standards (National) 31 Table 22: Standard of Noise Level 32 Table 23 : Screening of Impacts 36 Table 24: Environmental Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures of 36 Sewerage Sub Component Table 25: Potential Environmental Impacts Of Water Supply System 45 Table 26: Impact & Mitigation Measures of Proposed Water Works 46 Table 27: Impact & Mitigation Measures for proposed Slum Improvement 53 works Table 28 : Institutional Roles and Responsibilities 60 Table 29 : Training Needs (2010 – 2026) 61 Table 30:Environmental Monitoring Plan for Sewerage System 63 Table 31 Water Works and Slum Improvement Works for Basavakalyan 67 Town Table 32: Environmental Monitoring Cost for Water works 68 Table 33: Issues Addressed during Public Consultation along STP Site and 70 Local People in town and slums in Basavakalyan Table 34: Environmental Management Plan for Proposed Sewerage & 73 Sanitation System Table 35: Environmental Management Plan for Water Works 78 Table 36: Impact & Mitigation Measures for proposed Slum Improvement 81 works Table 37: Matrix of Environmental Impacts of Proposed Works 86

List of Maps Map 1: Project Area Map 2: proposed Sewerage network Map 3: Details of STP site Map 4: STP site at Nandikur and Surrounding area Map 5: Water Supply Zone Map 6: Proposed Alignment of Raw Water Pumping Main Map 7: Slum location

List of Figure

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Fig 1:Site Location of Proposed STP at Betbelkunta Village Fig 2: Approach road to STP Site Fig 3: Wind Rose Diagramme

Annexure Annex 1:REA Checklist for Basavakalyan Sewerage Sub Project Annex 2:REA Checklist for Basavakalyan Water Supply Sub Project

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I. INTRODUCTION

A. Overview

1. The Government of Karnataka (GoK) through the Karnataka Urban Infrastructure Development and Finance Corporation (KUIDFC) has prepared the North Karnataka Urban Sector Investment Programme (NKUSIP) under the Asian Development Bank assistance. The proposed NKUSIP is the logical follow-on investment program to the ongoing Loan 2312-IND. The NKUSIP is being formulated as a sector loan with a multitranche financing facility modality. The project goal is to facilitate economic growth in the five towns of North Karnataka under Package 3 and bring about urban basic services to the citizens that are environmentally sound and operationally sustainable. Outputs from several vital studies, financial assessment and social and Environmental Assessment, etc, have formed the backbone for the programme appraisal leading to approval of loan. Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) Report is considered as an important tool for incorporating environmental concerns at the project level. IEE should be carried out as early as the project planning stage as part of feasibility thus it can assure that the project will be environmentally feasible.

2. Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) of the proposed sub projects in ’Basavakalyan Town’ is provided in this section following the guidelines of Asian Development Bank’s (ADB) Environment Policy (2002) and Environmental Assessment Guidelines (EAG) (2003). As the Sewerage System and Water Supply Plan, Slum Improvement Works for Basavakalyan Town in Phase I aim to improve the quality of life by significantly improving the environmental conditions of the city, the environmental impacts are expected to be low and hence a rapid assessment has been performed. The Environmental Assessment is based on reconnaissance surveys, primary and secondary data obtained during actual field surveys, analysis, and from various concerned government departments. The report describes environmental baseline condition of city, existing environmental policies and relevant legislations and administrative framework applicable for the proposed sub component of NKUSIP Package-3. The part covers environmental impacts and mitigation measures for construction and operation phases of the project. Categorisation of project impact has been identified. The Environmental Management Plan and Monitoring Plan are substantiating the IEE report. The IEE report has been prepared as per requirements of ToR of Programme Consultants’ Services.

B. Methodology

3. Environmental Assessment (EA) is the process in which environmental factors are integrated into project planning and decision making in details so as to achieve ecologically sustainable development. It aims at predict environmental impacts at an early stage in project planning and design, find ways and means to reduce adverse impacts, shape projects to suit the local environment and present the predictions and options to decision- makers. By using EA both environmental and economic benefits can be achieved, such as reduction of cost and time of project implementation and design, avoid treatment/clean-up costs and impacts of laws and regulations. The methodology adopted for the preparations of feasibility study for the environmental assessment of these sub project are as follows:

(i) Collection, documentation and analysis of environmental baseline (ii) Environmental Screening. (iii) Assessment of Environmental Effects. (iv) Mitigation Measures (v) Preparation of Environmental Monitoring Plan. (vi) Preparation of Environmental Management Plan

1 Collection, Documentation and Analysis of Environmental Baseline Data

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4. The Data was obtained from secondary sources and also the primary data obtained by conducting survey, testing and field investigation

2 Reconnaissance Survey

5. The study team visited the selected alignment of sewer line and proposed Sewer Treatment Plant, Water pipe line. Environmental features are being carried out in this survey.

3 Collection, Collation and Analysis of Data

6. Most of the data collected from the secondary sources. However, primary data field investigation has been drawn. Secondary information was collected from state maps, town maps, census handbooks, Forest Department, Metrological Department, Water Works Deptt and other government publications as well as reports prepared for other projects in town. The data information collected from both primary and secondary sources were collated and analysed.

4 Documentations of Baseline Conditions

7. The documentation of the baseline conditions was completed for Project Influence Zone as per the ADB Guidelines. Primary surveys were carried out for determination of field existing scenario.

5 Environmental Screening

8. Environmental screening is necessary to assess the environmental effects associated with the Project with respect to human health and natural resources. It is also required to categorise the project in terms of its environmental impacts. Environmental screening has been done in line with the guidelines provided in the EAG of ADB (2003).

6 Assessment of Environmental Effect

9. Potentials and significant impacts were identified on the basis of analytical review of baseline data (both primary and secondary); review of land uses and environmental factors within the Project Influence Zone (PIZ). Identification of the probable environmental effects and needful actions at an early stage of the project facilitate in mitigation of the effects. The environmental effects are therefore, assessed for three stages of implementation of the project i.e. Planning and Design (Pre-Construction), Construction and Post-Construction.

7 Mitigation Measures

10. Environmental effects anticipated from the Project have been identified based on the environmental screening. Appropriate measures are needed to mitigate such effects. The environmental effects and corresponding mitigation measures required during the Pre- Construction, Construction and Post-Construction phases of the project have been identified accordingly.

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Flow Chart 1: Methodology of Initial Environmental Examination

Identification of Objectives

Collection of Monitoring Plan Documentation Baseline Assessment Mitigative Data Environmental & Management Analysis of Effect Measures Screening Plan

Primary Secondary • Pre Sources Sources Categorization of Constructi • Project Project on Phase Influence • Survey of India, Impact & Mitigative • Constructi Area Map Measures for on Phase •Reconnaiss • Census Handbook, • Planning Phase • Operation ance survey • District Gazetteer • Construction Phase for laying • Pollution Control • Primary • Project Impact Phase Sewer Line Board Karnataka Surveyed Zone ; • Operation Phase • Water works Deptt, data in •Field • Geological Survey of Statistical verification India Map data format for STP site, • Forest Deptt • Collected Physical Biological WTP Site, • Deptt of Ecology, secondary Environment Environment Pumping Environment & data, report Stations, Forest • Collation of WHT • Meteorological data of Deptt, Requisite • Archeological Deptt ADB format • City Municipal corporation • Irrigation & Minor Irrigation Deptt. • District Collectorate

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8 Preparation of the Environmental Monitoring Plan and Management Plan

11. Timely actions are needed to help in mitigating the environmental effects. Consultants have therefore prepared an Environmental Monitoring Plan and Environmental Management Plan (EMP) covering environmental issues, mitigative measures and actions required. Actions required for various agencies have also been identified in the EMP. The EMP has been prepared for three phases of the project namely Pre Construction, Construction and Post Construction phases.

C. Environmental Regulatory Compliance:

12. The section discusses the existing environmental policies, relevant legislations with respect to the Sewerage sub projects, water supply sub projects, slum improvement works and the administrative frameworks for the supervision and implementation of the provisions stipulated therein. The environmental guidelines and procedures of Asian Development Bank (ADB) have also been discussed in this section.

D. Asian Development Bank Requirements

13. ADB confirms that project proponents must include appropriate environmental and social considerations, through various measures, so as to prevent or minimize the impact on the environment and local communities which may be caused by the projects for which ADB provides funding, and not to bring about unacceptable effects. It will thus contribute to the sustainable development of regions. In making its funding decisions, ADB conducts screenings and reviews of environmental and social considerations to confirm that the requirements are duly satisfied.

E. Procedures for Confirmation of Environmental Considerations

1. Screening & Categorisation

14. The subproject was screened using a Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) checklist (Annexure 1 & 2). Given the sector and scale of the project, the substance, and degree of potential environmental impact within the environmental and social context of the proposed project site and surrounding areas, the subproject is considered Category B, requiring an IEE (Table 1).

Table 1: Environmental Assessment Requirements for Project Loans Category Environmental Assessment Requirements B. Projects judged to have some IEE adverse  Public consultation environmental impacts – but of  IEE report to be prepared lesser degree and/or significance than category A (OM 20) Source: Environmental Assessment Guidelines (EAG) (2003)

F. Indian Environmental Law & Regulations

1. The Environmental (Protect) Act, 1986 and the EIA Notification, 2006

15. The Environmental (Protection) Act, 1986 is the umbrella legislation providing for the protection of environment in the country. This act provides the Environment (Protection)

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Rules, which were formulated in 1986. The Environmental Impact Assessment Notification, 2006 and the various amendments thereto have been notified under this act. As per the Amendment, formal Environmental Clearance from the ministry is not required for any sewerage, drainage or water supply project.

2. The Water and Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Acts

16. The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 resulted in the establishment of the Central and State Level Pollution Control Boards (CPCB and SPCB) whose responsibilities include managing water quality and effluent standards, as well as monitoring water quality, prosecuting offenders and issuing licenses for construction and operational of certain facilities similarly. The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981, empowers the SPCBs to enforce air quality standards set by the CPCB.

17. The Project requires the obtaining of clearances from the State Pollution Board of Karnataka pursuant to the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act of 1974, the Cess Act of 1977 and Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act of 1981.

3. The Ancient Monument and Archeological Sites and Remains Act, 1958

18. According to this act, area within radii of 100 m and 300 m from the protected site are designated as “protected area” and “controlled area” respectively. No development activity (Including building, mining, excavating, blasting) is permitted in the “protected area” and development activities likely to damage the protected property are not permitted in the “controlled area” without prior permission of the Archeological Survey of India (ASI) if the site/remains/monuments are protected by ASI or the protected by the State. The Proposed alignment is not close to any protected property and therefore, this act will not be applicable for the project.

4. Basavakalyan Municipal Council

19. Basavakalyan Municipal Council is mainly responsible for handling key responsibilities like supply of portable water, sanitation and public hygiene, public lighting, sustainable urban growth, regulation of building construction and licensing of commercial activities, etc.

20. With special reference to the sewerage and drainage system, the Basavakalyan Municipal Council is involved in:

(i) Operation and maintenance of drainage and proposed sewerage systems. (ii) Construction and maintenance of surface drains, deep drains along the road and lanes within municipal maintenance.

5. Key Environmental Laws and Regulations

21. The environmental regulations and legislations relevant to this Project and its applicability of Acts and Rules described above have been summarized in Table 2 for Sewerage projects

Table 2: Summary of Relevant Environmental Legislations for Sewerage Projects

Sl. Applicability Acts Year Reason No Yes No

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Sl. Applicability Acts Year Reason No Yes No This act will also be applicable to the project during construction and Air (Prevention and operation of proposed 11.57 MLD 1 Control of Pollution) 1981 √ (say 12 MLD) STP for ultimate Act design year 2041. For trench 2 The design capacity for 2026 is 9 MLD. City is not very rich in having Ancient Monuments monuments and protected sites. and Archaeological However, no construction work is 2 1958 √ Sites and Remains near heritage buildings, which can Act affect them. Therefore, this act is not applicable to the project. Bio-Medical Waste These rules are not applicable, as 3 (Management and 1998 √ the project would deal with Handling) Rules sewerage system. Environment (Siting The said project is an urban 4 for Industrial 1999 √ infrastructure development project, Projects) Rules so rules are not applicable Environment Impact Assessment Notification has been issued for requirement of EIA and activities requiring clearance from Ministry of Environment Impact Environment and Forests and State 5 Assessment 2006 √ Government: the activities of STP Notification are not included in this notification. Therefore, the NKUSIP as an urban sector investment program does not require environmental clearance from MoEF and State Government. Since, all the environmental notifications, rules and schedules are issued under this act, it is Environmental applicable. 6 1986 √ (Protection) Act For obtaining NOC for Consent for Establishment revised form along with document has submitted to Pollution control board In present case this act will not be Forest Conservation 1927 7 √ applicable, as project does not Act 1980 require any forestland to be cleared. These rules are not applicable Hazardous Waste 1989 because the process does not 8 (Management and √ 2003 required handling of any hazardous Handling) Rules material This act will be applicable because the project requires 28 acres of land acquisition for the construction of a 1894 9 Land Acquisition Act √ new STP and 10 guntas for Wet 1989 well for ultimate design phase. The total acquiring of land is under process. 10 Municipal Solid 2000 √ The provisions of these rules shall

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Sl. Applicability Acts Year Reason No Yes No Waste (Management be applicable as the solid wastes in and Handling) Rules terms of sludge; grit and screened waste are to be handled. This policy shall not be applicable; National Forest 1952 11 √ the project does not require any Policy 1988 forestland to be cleared. This act will apply to the present Noise Pollution project. Noise pollution may results 12 Regulation and 1990 √ during the construction and Control Act operation of the STP and MPS, etc. This act will be applicable as the project abstracts the present raw Water (Prevention water from perennial Chulki Nallah 13 and Control of 1974 √ as a prime source and Tripurant Pollution) Act lake and for future identified source is from Manjra River as followed proposal. This act will not be applicable as Wild Life (Protection) 14 1972  √ there is no wild life within the project Act area to be affected. Source: Analysis

Table 3: Summary of Relevant Environmental Legislations for Water Supply Projects

No Applicability Acts Year Reason Yes No This act will also be applicable to the Air (Prevention and project during operation of proposed 1 Control of Pollution) 1981 √ requirement of 16.20 MLD for ultimate Act design period 2041 where present capacity of WTP is 9.87 MLD . City is not rich in having monuments and Ancient Monuments protected sites. However, no construction and Archaeological 2 1958 √ work is near old heritage building, which Sites and Remains can affect them. Therefore, this act is not Act applicable to the project. Bio-Medical Waste These rules are not applicable, as the 3 (Management and 1998 √ project would deal with sewerage system. Handling) Rules Environment (Siting The said project is an urban infrastructure 4 for Industrial Projects) 1999 √ development project, so rules are not Rules applicable Environment Impact Assessment Notification has been issued for requirement of EIA and activities requiring clearance from Ministry of Environment Impact Environment and Forests and State 5 Assessment 2006 √ Government: the activities of WTP are Notification not included in this notification. Therefore, the NKUSIP as an urban sector investment program does not require environmental clearance from

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No Applicability Acts Year Reason Yes No MoEF and State Government. Since, all the environmental notifications, Environmental 6 1986 √ rules and schedules are issued under this (Protection) Act act, it is applicable. In present case this act will not be Forest Conservation 1927 7 √ applicable, as project does not require Act 1980 any forestland to be cleared. Hazardous Waste These rules are not applicable because 1989 8 (Management and √ the process does not required handling of 2003 Handling) Rules any hazardous material 1894 At present there is no land acquisition 9 Land Acquisition Act √ 1989 required for this sub component. The provisions of these rules shall not be Municipal Solid Waste applicable as the solid wastes in terms of 10 (Management and 2000 √ grit and screened waste are not to be Handling) Rules handled. This policy shall not be applicable; the 1952 11 National Forest Policy √ project does not require any forestland to 1988 be cleared. This act will apply to the present project. Noise Pollution Noise pollution may results during the 12 Regulation and 1990 √ operation of the WTP and Pumping Control Act stations, etc. Water (Prevention This act will be applicable as the project 13 and Control of 1974 √ abstracts the raw water from water Pollution) Act source. This act will not be applicable as there is Wild Life (Protection) 14 1972  √ no wild life within the project area to be Act affected. Source: Analysis

E. Scope of IEE:

22. Main Scope of this work to assess the categorization of projects components and assessment of potential impacts to be analysed. As per ADB guidelines Projects judged to have some adverse environmental impacts (OM 20) and preparation of mitigation plan, responsibility matrix, Monitoring plan and detailed Environmental Management report.

F. Report Structure:

This report contains the following heads:

(i) Stage 1: Description of the Investment Program in this city (ii) Stage 2: Project Description (iii) Stage 3: Description of Environment (iv) Stage 4: Environmental Screening of Sub Component (v) Stage 5: Potential Environmental Impact & Mitigation Measures (vi) Stage 6: Institutional Roles and Responsibility (vii) Stage 7: Environmental Monitoring Plan (viii) Stage 8: Environmental Management Plan (ix) Stage 9: Public Consultation and Information Disclosure

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(x) Stage10: Findings & Recommendations

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II. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVESTMENT PROGRAMME COMPONENT

A. NKUSIP Investment Programme Goal

23. Government of Karnataka (GoK) through the Karnataka Urban Infrastructure Development and Finance Corporation (KUIDFC) has prepared the North Karnataka Urban Sector Investment Programme (NKUSIP) under the Asian Development Bank assistance. The goal of the programme is to improve the level, quality and sustainability of basic urban services in selected Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) contributing to improve quality of life among the urban Poor. The NKUSIP is consistent with GOIs urban reform objective for the Tenth Plan Period (2002-2007), which entails a reform agenda to initiate the process of:

(i) Enhancing the capacity of Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) to assume their functions in accordance with the 74th Constitutional Amendments, with greater sustainability and accountability. (ii) Strengthening local finance through rationalising and improvement of property tax, and levy of sufficient user charges; (iii) Ensuring improved maintenance of existing assets; and (iv) Introducing better accounting and financial management practices.

24. The NKUSIP would provide the momentum for the overall reform by supporting these objectives in Karnataka and promoting the emergence of better functioning cities.

1. improving and augmenting the economic and social infrastructure of cities, 2. ensuring the basic services to the urban poor including security of tenure at affordable prices, 3. initiating wide – ranging urban sector reforms whose FOCUS OF primary aim is to eliminate legal, institutional and NKUSIP financial constraints that have impeded investment in urban infrastructure and services, and 4. strengthening better accounting and financial th management practices with the provisions of the 74 Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992

25. The development purpose is designed to assist Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) to “promote good urban management, and develop and expand urban infrastructure to increase economic opportunities and to reduce vulnerability to environmental degradation and urban poverty”. Outputs from several vital studies, financial assessment and social and Environmental Assessment, etc, have formed the backbone for the programme appraisal leading to approval of loan.

B. Need for Infrastructure Improvement:

26. To encourage reforms and fast track planned development of the cities and efficiency in urban infrastructure and urban services delivery mechanisms and accountability of Municipal areas towards citizens the following prime objectives have been framed out:

(i) Design & rehabilitate essential municipal infrastructure (ii) Rehabilitate essential non municipal services (iii) Raise the quality of life of urban population of Basavakalyan Town.

27. NKUSIP comprises the following seven components. Parts A through E is designed to address the urban development needs of the Basavakalyan Town; Part F is designed to address requirement for fire services, tourism development; Part G is designed to address

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capacity building initiatives of the Investment Program ULBs and training requirement for staff; and Part H is designed to assist Investment Program implementation.

(i) Part A : Environmental Sanitation Infrastructure; (ii) Part B : Water Supply Infrastructure; (iii) Part C : Urban Storm Water Drainage (iv) Part D : Urban Roads Improvement; (v) Part E : Poverty Alleviation; (vi) Part F : Non-Municipal Infrastructure; (vii) Part G : Institutional Development; and (viii) Part H : Investment Program Assistance Facility.

Part A: Environmental Sanitation Infrastructure

28. This component comprises (i) sewerage and sanitation, which includes rehabilitation of existing sewer networks, Supplying and Laying of network of Lateral Trunk Main & Laterals in Proposed Sewerage Zone, sewage treatment plants and sewage pumping stations, Flushing cisterns & Ventilating shafts and construction/expansion of new sewerage system including network and treatment plants;

Part B: Water Supply Infrastructure

29. This component comprises into two phases , under 1st phase water augmentation from Kongli barrage at Manjra river with 9.87MLD for year 2026 , construction of intake well cum two jack well near barrage, modification of gates to Kongli barrage, MS Raw water Pumping main of 813 mm dia with 7.9 mm thick from Kongli Barrage to Break Pressure Tank, Pumping Machinery, pump house etc. at Kongli barrage, Construction of Break Pressure Tank, NP3 Raw Water main rehabilitation of the existing and Under System Rehabilitation Improvement in Chemical dosing system at Water Treatment Plant Chulki Nalla System, Replacement of filters controls at water treatment plant - Chulki Repair of Pumping machinery, Remodelling of distribution net work and house service connection.

Part C: Urban Storm Water Drainage

30. Urban drainage, which includes improvements to improvement of main drain along SH-2 from Narayan Pura Cross to Betbelkunta Road, secondary drain from Mehaboob Nagar to Zikra High School and Secondary drain from CMC office to Gadiwan Gali. The proposed works in these drains are:

(i) Desilting, deweeding and cleaning in entire stretches. (ii) Redesign of the drain sections at selected stretches. (iii) Excavation of the drain in encroached stretches (iv) Construction of side walls and bottom slab with base flow channel of the selected stretches of drain as per redesign (v) Construction of top slab of the drain wherever it is required. (vi) Repairs to culverts (vii) Construction of New Culverts.

Part D: Urban Road Improvement

31. This component comprises improvements to ULB roads, and comprises improvement and strengthening to critical road links, traffic management measures and street lighting.

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Part E: Poverty Alleviation

32. This component will address the environmental conditions of informal and formal low income settlements. NKUSIP will improve environmental services in these settlements by providing water supply, sewerage, drainage, and pavements. For settlements not recognized by the ULB, the Investment Program will provide for public conveniences catering to the environmental sanitation needs of dwellers.

Slum Improvement Works under Phase I in Trench 2:

33. In the declared slums, totally 6 slums are taken for slum improvement works and the proposed 6 slums population is 2880 and number of households is 420. The proposed slums occupy the 8.96 acre of area. While the proposed slums are located within the city, there is no paved road. For water supply, slum households are dependent on stand post only. Slum people are facing water problems due to inadequate supply. Road side drains are chocked up due to improper slope in bed. The masonry and slab drains are in dilapidated condition. House hold sanitation is almost absent.

After field visits following priority works are identified to improve the environmental condition of slums in Basavakalyan town as follow: (i) Construction of road (ii) Construction of road side drains (iii) Construction of Community Toilet (iv) Provision of Dust bins (v) Water Supply Improvement Works (To be taken up in Water Supply Contract Package of NKUSIP) (vi) Sewerage Network (To be taken up in Sewerage System Contract Package of NKUSIP).

Part F: Non-Municipal Infrastructure

34. Fire services, tourism and heritage conservation, lake conservation, etc. shall form a part of the non-municipal infrastructure component under the Investment Program. The components will be detailed during the detailed design phase and considered for funding during the mid-term review.

Part G: Institutional Development

35. The institutional development component will comprise capacity building of Investment Program ULBs through (i) computerization, the tax assessment and service utility line mapping through a Geographical Information System; (ii) facilitating transition of ULB accounting functions to a Fund Based Accounting System through computerization of accounting and financial management functions; and (iii) providing training of ULB and State Line Department staff regarding Investment Program implementation and urban governance.

Part H: Investment Program Assistance Facility

36. Procurement of consulting services – Investment Program management, design and supervision, and benefit monitoring and evaluation – will form a part of the Investment Program assistance facility. The Investment Program Assistance Facility (IPAF) will finance incremental administration at the two Investment Program Management Units (IPMU) and shall cover staff, office and equipment costs required for supporting the Investment Program. Information, Education and Communication (IEC) requirement by sector and payment towards Investment Program Consultant (IPC) services will form a part of the IPAF.

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C. Project Component:

37. Presently, there is no sewerage system in Basavakalyan Town. Septic tanks are prevalent and where there are no septic tanks the effluents are discharged into open drains. The sum total of population covered by the individual latrines is approximately 37,000. Domestic wastewater flows through the roadside drains and Nallahs.

38. The project area, present and projected population in Basavakalyan Town are as below.

Table 4: Project Area, Present and Projected Population in Basavakalyan Town Projected Extent of Census Projected Population in 2026 Project Area Area Population Population in 2041 (Intermediate (Sq. km) 2001 (Ultimate Stage) Stage) All areas under Jurisdiction of 23.29 58,785 1,03,169 1,37,708 Basavakalyan CMC.

39. The design horizon for the project is 2041. The sewerage system improvement works are proposed in three phases. It is considered that the works under first phase will be implemented under NKUSIP and the works under the second phase may be taken up under phase II works will be taken up in future in other projects. Basavakalyan is divided into four Zones A, B, C & D. The entire works is to be taken up in two phases. In Phase-I, the Zone-A is to be taken up under NKUSIP and in other works zones B,C & D be taken by the Basavakalyan CMC in Phase –II depending upon the fund availability.

40. Works proposed in the first phase works under NKUSIP is for the core developed areas of the city. Works proposed in the second phase is for Zone B, C and D and will be implemented and as well as siting of STP at Betbelkunta village. There are several components are adhere to make comprehensive development of City for better future as follow:

Table 5 Details of Sewerage Infrastructure Proposed in Basavakalyan Infrastructure Description Location Land Acquisition A. Proposed works in Phase-I under NKUSIP for Zone-A The proposed sewerage ward1 (part), No

system consists of trunk ) 2(part), 3,4-a,4- Acquisition m ers ( sub b,5-a,5- Required

mains (TM- I, TM-II & TM- Total (mm) trunk Main / III), sub trunk mains (STM- Diamet Length b,6,7,8,9,10.1,10, 11,12,13,14,15,1 I, STM-II & STM-III) and TM-1 800 2000 6,17,18,19,20,21, laterals connected to the 800,700,6 22(part),23(part), main sewers. These trunk 00,450,30 24-a,24- main sewers are to be TM-II 0 4467 b,25,26,27,28,29- connected to a STP to be TM- 300,250,2 a,29-b,30 & located outside of the city III 00 1203 on the side of Hulsoor 31(part). STM- 450,250,2 road I 00,150 1725

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Infrastructure Description Location Land Acquisition STM- II 250,200 1557 STM- III 250,200 1637

Proposed Wet wells and  The wet well-1is A Main Sewage 2 acre land is Sewage Pumping Mains designed for the pumping station required ultimate population, is proposed and has 7.0 m inner dia nearby the and 10.0 m effective Hulsoor road at depth. Plot with Survey  The Pumping main is number 129 designed and is of DI (K-9) pipe of 450mm dia and is 1.7 Km in length. Proposed Sewage Initially, the capacity will be The proposed 28 acre of Treatment Plant for immediate stage and it sewage treatment land require. is to be augmented plant is to be Land subsequently to treat the outside the town acquisition is ultimate stage sewage on Hulsoor road under generated for the town. near Betbelkunta process The capacity of the village sewage treatment plant for the intermediate design year 2026 is 9.00 MLD. The primary treatment units of the sewage treatment plant is designed for ultimate stage year 2041 i.e. of sewage generation of 12.00 MLD. Proposed works under Phase-II Proposed Works under for As Zone-B has very little population, and its No land Zone-B sewerage generation for ultimate will be 0.17 acquisition MLD, hence a Septic Tank is proposed: Dia of Lateral pipes: 150 mm Length of Lateral Sewer ( m) : 1880 Location: It comprises of ward 1 (part) & 31(part). Proposed Works under for Sewerage Pumping ward 20 (part), Land Zone-C Station and wet well is 24-a & 23(part). Acquisition proposed in 24-a zone Proposed Works under for Wet well 3 ward 22 (part) & Land Zone-D 23(part). Acquisition Source: DPR, Sewerage Works, Basavakalyan

D. Project Description :

1 Sewerage System Improvement Work : 41. Basavakalyan town is a Class II town of Bidar district of North Karnataka, with an altitude of 662 to 600 mt sloping towards north. Classified as a City Municipal Council

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(CMC), Basavakalyan’s population was 58,785 in 2001 covering 23.28 sq. km ( ref map 1). The new territorial jurisdiction of the Basavakalyan CMC covers according to the notification is Basavakalyan Town and Basavakalyan revenue villages namely Tripurant, Sastapur, Narayanapur, Yadalapur & Shivapur. Currently, the average population density is 2525 persons/sq. km. This town has historical background dating back 12th Century. Thus it is one of the religious tourism places Basavakalyan has several deficiencies and there is a need to make substantial improvement in basic infrastructure like sewerage and sanitation facility prevailing in the city to keeping pace with rapid urbanization with growing population and as a tourist destination point.

42. Presently there is no hygienic sewer system for collection, treatment or disposal in Basavakalyan Town. Septic tanks are prevalent and those without septic tanks discharge effluents to open drains. The domestic wastewater flows through the roadside drains into the nallah’s and pollutes the water sources. Still dry latrines are prevailed in this town. The residences are covered by individual latrines and parts of area are under common toilets. Few areas are still absence of latrine facility and open defecation is coherent.

43. Under the Multisector Project for Infrastructure Improvement in Basavakalyan, sample subprojects under the following sewerage plan were identified and the IEEs were conducted for typical works. This project includes sewerage pipeline, pumping station and treatment plant near Betbelkunta Village for Basavakalyan Town. The Proposed sewerage system is divided into four sewerage zones (ref map 2)

Table 6: Project Description Sewerage Projected Projected Quantity of Quantity of Areas Zone Population Populatio Sewage Sewage 2026 n 2041 Generation Generation 2026 2041 (MLD) (MLD) Zone A 85068 111432 7.15 9.36 Ward1 (part), 2(part), 3,4-a,4-b,5-a,5- b,6,7,8,9,10.1,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17 18,19,20,21,22(part),23(part),24-a,24- b,25,26,27,28,29-a,29-b,30 & 31(part). Zone B 1393 1998 0.12 0.17 Ward 1 (part) & 31(part). Zone C 4490 6507 0.38 0.55 Ward 20 (part), 24-a & 23(part). Zone D 12217 17771 1.03 1.49 Ward 22 (part) & 23(part). Total 103169 137708 8.67 11.57 say 9.00 12.00 Source: DPR

a. Treatment Technologies

44. Facultative Aerated Lagoon followed with Polishing Pond has been selected as treatment technology for 12 MLD STP. The technology meets the standards stipulated in the guidelines of CPHEEO. The effluent from the STP will be the standards of discharge for inland surface water disposal: BOD < 30 mg/l Suspended solids < 100 mg/l The treated sewage will be used for land irrigation. The STP is designed to handle expected in year 2041.

b. Site Selection for Sewerage Treatment Plant at Betbelkunta Village 45. The STP will be constructed sufficiently away from the settlement area. The site selection has been justified because the treated effluent form the plant will be used in agricultural purposes, etc. 46. The peakflow for ultimate design period is estimated to be 12 MLD, it has been estimated that the land requirement per MLD of sewage is for 28 acre. ( ref map 3)

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47. The topography of the predominantly flat. The environmental condition is as same as city general. There is no environmental sensitive area is prevalent within project area not even 100 m of project influence zone. STP will be constructed sufficiently away from the settlement area. The sites selections have been justified because the treated effluent form the plant will be used in agricultural purposes. The sludge can be excessively use for

Fig 1: Site for STP at Betbelkunta Village Fig 2: Approach road to STP site manure process and solid waste will be dumped at disposal site. The access road will be constructed from City Main road is already existed to approach the proposed STP site. Site is surrounded by agricultural fields. Due to non-availability of irrigation facilities only rain fed crops are cultivated here. Jawar and pulses are the main crops cultivated in the area. No groundwater extraction points such as bore wells are located with in the vicinity. ( map 4: proposed STP sites and surroundings)

Map 4: Proposed STP Site and surrounding

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2 Water Supply System Improvements :

48. About 70% of water supply in Basavakalyan Town is obtained from Mustapur Dam in Chulki nallah. Due to less rainfall in the catchment areas, water storage in Mustapur dam is reduced. Rest are obtained from Tripurant Lake and Bore well in several part of town. Many localities in Basavakalyan Town are water deficient. They are mostly located on the peripheral areas of the Town. There is one Water Treatment Plant at Mustapur Dam, but it is used only 30% of installed capacity. The total water demand for 2041 is 16.20 MLD.

49. The existing water supply system in Basavakalyan Town has been evaluated and studied in detail and the following works are proposed for augmentation to meet water demand in the year 2041. Water supply augmentation is proposed to meet water demand in the year 2041. The required water supply augmentation is 13.93 MLD and this is proposed to be done by extraction from Manjra river at Kongli Barrage and from there water will be store at existing Mustapur Dam during monsoon period.

50. Broadly, the existing water supply system in Basavakalyan Town can be divided into two sub systems. They are:

a) Water Supply System based on Surface Water from Chulki Nalla:

51. In this system, raw water is lifted from Intake works and pumped to water treatment plant installed at a distance of about 5 km towards to north of the town. Treated water from water treatment plants is pumped to Ground Level service reservoirs & Elevated Level service reservoirs at different locations, from where water is conveyed to the distribution network.

b) Water Supply System Based on Ground Water:

52. The system mentioned above serves the Basavakalyan Town area. The Tripuranth area is served by eight bore wells and one open well were constructed in the basin of the Tripuranth minor irrigation tank. Water is directly pumped from these wells to the distribution network of Tripuranth village area.

53. At present, 3.57 MLD of potable water is produced in Basavakalyan Town. Out of this, 2.27 MLD water is drawn from Chulki Nalla on Mustapur Dam. The rest 1.30 MLD is pumped from bore wells and open well in the basin of the Tripuranth minor irrigation tank. The present water supply system has crisis over a long period of time. Augmentation of the existing water supply system is required.

54. The total water demand for Basavakalyan Town in the Intermediate stage (2026) and Ultimate Stage (2041) has been estimated and is listed in Table 7

Table 7: Estimated Net Water Demand in Basavaklayan CMC area

Present Intermediate Ultimate Stage Description Population Stage (2026) (2041) (2011) Projected population 74,214 1,03,160 1,37,700 Per capita water supply 100 lpcd 100 lpcd 100 lpcd Net water demand 7.41 MLD 10.32 MLD 13.77 MLD water demand with 8.73 MLD 12.14 MLD 16.20 MLD 15% loss

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SURFACE SOURCE FOR BASAVAKALYAN TOWN

a. Source and Annual demand for Basavakalyan Town:

55. It is suggested that Manjra river near existing Kongli barrage is the water source to be selected for Basavakalyan Town. The annual drinking water deficit considering daily water deficit for the Ultimate design year 2041 is 0.179 TM Cft without seepage and evaporation losses and with seepage and evaporation losses it will be 0.256 TM Cft as shown in Table 7. This quantity of water will have to be pumped from the Kongli Barrage in four months of monsoon season. The derived daily pumping requirement for a period of four months is 60.0 MLD.

Table 8: Annual Water Demand and Supply Deficit of Water in Design Years Annual Water Annual Water Quantity Sl.No Year Quantity in TM Quantity with 30 % in MLD Cft losses in TM Cft A. Gross Water Demand (MLD) 1 2011 8.73 0.112 0.161 2 2026 12.14 0.156 0.223 3 2041 16.2 0.209 0.298 B. Present Available Capacity (MLD) 2008 2.27 0.029 0.042 C. Deficit of Water (MLD) 1 2011 6.46 0.083 0.119 2 2026 9.87 0.127 0.182 3 2041 13.93 0.179 0.256 Source: DPR

For the work of augmentation water supply system for the BasavakalyanTown the source for the proposed scheme is identified at Kongli Barrage on Manjara River. This is because the present source of existing system i.e. Chulki Nala is not adequate to meet the demand.

Assessment of Water availability of Source: Surface Water of Manjra River:

Table 9: The proposed system Availability at % of total capacity to Approximate TMC of Sl. No. Year Proposed Source in be used Water to be drawn TMC* 1. 2011 25.13 0.112 0.45 2. 2026 -do- 0.156 0.62 3. 2041 -do- 0.209 0.83 Source: Janwad Gauged station

56. The total distance from Kongli barrage to Mustapur dam along the road is of 16.00 km. And daily 60 MLD of raw water from Kongli barrage is as to be pumped to Mustapur dam.

57. As per the design, a 1000 mm dia, PSC pipe of 18 KSC is proposed to be laid. An intake well, connecting main and jack well cum pumping station will be constructed on the bank of Manjra river near Kongli Barrage. Existing water is augmented from Chulki Nala but proposed source is from Manjra river. Pollution of raw water supply from upstream

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wastewater discharge is not anticipated since, the source of raw water is flowing through rural areas. However, pollution due to soil erosion runoff is anticipated, as the river is flowing through agricultural areas. The attached map is showing the upstream pathway of river which entirely passes through rural areas, no anticipation of polluting inputs from industry, fertilizer, urban runoff, etc ( Ref Map 6)

58. The Basavakalyan ULB will carry out the proposed works in two phases. In Phase-I, the works will be carried under NKUSIP. And in Phase-II, the works will be carried by the Basavakalyan CMC depending upon the fund availability. The source for water augmentation is already finalised in empower committee meeting.

Table 10: The proposed work for Basavakalyan Town under Water Supply System is as under: Land Infrastructure Description Location Acquisition Phase-I: Proposed Bulk Water Supply System under NKUSIP under Trench 2 Kongli Barrage No land 1 Construction of Head Works at Kongli acquisition Barrage required No land 2 Pumping machinery, pump house etc. at acquisition Kongli Barrage required An intake well, No land connecting main acquisition and jack well 3 proving and laying of required cum pumping Raw Water Pumping main of station will be 1000 mm dia, PSC pipe from constructed on Kongli Barrage to Mustaput Dam the bank of Manjra river near Kongli Barrage. filter controls Near Mustapur No land repairment, 4 Rehabilitaion of Existing Dam acquisition Chlorination WTP and reservoirs required Cylinder Requirement 5 Remodulling to Zones 1, 3(part), 5(part) and 6(part) 6 Proving House service connections Phase-II: Proposed Water Supply System by Basavakalyan CMC 1 Construction of Water Extension of No land Treatment Plant of 3.06 MLD excisting Water acquisition is

Treatment Plant required at Mustapur Dam 2 Construction of a new OHT in zone-7 with new Distribution System 3 Remodeling of Distribution Net work in Zones 2,3(part),4,5(part) & 6(part) 4 House Service Connection Source: DPR, Basavakalyan Water Supply System

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59. Most of the proposed pipe length is improvement or replacement of old pipe line along the side of existing roads. Although at present there is not much traffic along the proposed route. There are six major distribution of water zone proposed, all are basically residential area. Mostly proposed water works will support to all residential colony, Even major commercial areas mixed landuse of residential unit present. There is no designated institutional landuse. Basically mixed character found. And no displacement of house is found.

3 Slum Improvements Works:

60. Totally 6 slums are taken for slum improvement works and the proposed 6 slums population is 2880 and number of households is 420. The proposed slums occupy the 8.96 acre of area. While the proposed slums are located within the city, there is no paved road. For water supply, slum households are dependent on stand post only.

Table 11: Detail of Notified Slums in Basavakalyan Town

House Area Population Sl. holds Name of the declared slums No. Acre - Nos Nos Gunta 1. Kumbar Galli 0-20 245 26 2. Kaikadi Galli 0-38 295 35 3. Konchikorwar Galli 0-20 315 76 4. Municipal Garden (Shahpur West) 3.13 635 81 5. Bheem Nagar 2.00 640 116 6. Gadiwan Galli 3.05 750 86 Total 8.96 2880 420 Source: CMC/ KSCB

61. Local network of water supply is available for some portions of the slum. There are very few house connections and remaining people are collecting the water from stand posts only. In the Kumbhar Galli slum, quantity of water supply is inadequate i.e., once in a five days for only one hour. One cistern is there, but that is not in use. Eight households of the slum have house connections and there is no stand post.

62. Road side drains are choked up and damaged due to improper slope and maintenance and there are no outfalls for drains and sewage stagnating the whole areas and polluting the surrounding areas also. In rainy season, drains over flow and waste water enter in the houses because there are no outfalls. The drain passing through these slums has created unhygienic condition. There is seepage of the drain water into the houses. Sewage is stagnating and polluting the surrounding areas. Drains are in bad condition due to improper slope and maintenance.

63. There is no UGD network in the slum and waste water is disposed in open drains due to absence of UGD. Due to non-availability of dustbin near the slum, the slum dwellers are dumping garbage into the roadside drains and nearby area. The identified slum improvement work for individual six slums are as follow:

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Table 12: Identified Proposed Slum Improvement Works Slums Road Drain Dust Comm Water Supply Sewerage Bin unity Improvement Network (To Toilet Works (To be be taken up Kumbar Galli 90 m 100 m 1 taken up in Water in Sewerage Kaikadi Galli 159 m 1 Supply Contract System Konchi Korwar Galli: 210 m 1 Package of Contract Bheem Nagar 310 m 1132 1 NKUSIP) Package of m NKUSIP) Gadiwan Galli 337 m 362 m 1 Shahpur West 358m 473m 1

Source: DPR , Slum Improvement Works , Basavaklayan

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III. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

A. Environmental Profile of Basavakalyan

64. The baseline environmental status of the project influence area is based on available secondary information and collection of primary data by conducting field survey within proposed sewer line and STP and Water Pipe line and other water works and within project influence zone. It will help in assessing the magnitude of potential effect both beneficial as well as adverse due to the proposed project activities on the environment. In order to assess the baseline environment conditions of the project area, the following aspects have been considered.

65. Basavakalyan, a religious and cultural centre of North Karnataka does not have sewerage treatment plant and wastewater flows through roadside drain into nallah. Solid wastes are also dumped into the open drains. These unsanitary practices has created major health problem in the area. To facilitate assessment of adverse environmental impacts, the existing scenario of environmental status of the project region is studied.

66. Basavakalyan, a religious and cultural centre of North Karnataka does not have storm water drainage system and wastewater flows through roadside drain into nallah. Solid wastes are also dumped into the open drains. Most of the drained either not concrete based or not channelised. Most of them carry sewage. To facilitate assessment of adverse environmental impacts, the existing scenario of environmental status of the project region is studied.

ASPECTS CONSIDERED FOR ASSESSMENT OF BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS Project Influence Zone  Topography Site Specific  Geology • Landform  Soil • Soil  Climate • Land Utilization  Land Utilisation • Vegetation  Forest & Biodiversity • Resources  Water Heritage Site  Surface Water Quality  Ground Water Quality Ambient Air 

67. Basavakalyan does not have sewerage treatment facility and outfall into holy spring and ultimately at water body. Solid wastes are also dumped into the open drains. These unsanitary practices has created major health problem in the area. To facilitate assessment of adverse environmental impacts, the existing scenario of environmental status of the project region is studied.

1. Topography & Geology

68. Basavakalyan is a land-locked area with cultivated lands towards east and west. This has restricted the growth in these two directions. Towards the west of the town is the Tripurant tank under whose ayacut cultivation is being done. The growth of the town is linear

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mostly towards the National Highway which is about 6 kms, away. The area towards south is contoured with a number of ridges and valleys. The High Plateau available here is fit for development. The Basavakalyan area falls within the northern maiden belt characterized by expanses of level treeless surface ace punctuated here and there by flat and undulating hillocks, black soil proceeding from compact, hard block basaltic rocks and some lower area. The general slope is south to north ward direction. The maximum elevation is found on Highway NH -9 i.e. 662 m and northward it decreases. Even centre part of city has lower elevation than east and west part. At northward part it becomes 605-600 mt.

69. The geological formation is more or less similar to Basavakalyan district. The entire Bidar District form almost part of the Deccan Trap and made up of solidified lava. The disintegration and decomposition of the Deccan trap has resulted in the formation of black cotton soil and laterite occurs widely in the district and the town itself. However, a deposit of highly siliceous bauxite clay seismologically area is having lower intensity because of hard, dense compact basaltic rock. So intensity of earthquake is also low.

2. Soil

70. The red laterite soil and black cotton soil are the main soil types found in the region. The laterite rock is the commonly available and chief building material in the region. Black cotton soil is found around Basavakalyan, and is utilized for agricultural purpose. The physiochemical ties of Basavakalyan soil is drawn in following table:

Table 13: Soil Condition of Basavakalyan Town

Component of Condition of Soil in Sl No. Parameter Red Soil Bsavakalyan town 1. Organic matter 3-4 0.18 2. pH 5-6.8 6.1 3. Moisture ( %) <50 16.24 4. N ( %) 0.53 0.125 5. P (%) 17.38 18.9 6. K ( ppm) 200 190 7. Zn (%) 0.80 0.2 8. Fe (%) 4.14 7.8 9. Cu (%) 4.51 5.4 10. Lime (%) 2.2 0.5 Source: Gulbarga University Tested Data

71. The physicochemical property of the red soil is high on available phosphorous, potash, copper and iron component. But due to porosity is high moisture content is less. Soil is predominantly acidic in nature. The productivity predominantly depends on micro nutrient. But here in all cases it is lower side than normal red soil.

3. Climate

72. The Climate of the town is generally dry throughout the year except during the South- West monsoon season. The summer season begins from the middle of February and continues to the first week of June to be followed by the South-West monsoon till the end of September. The months of October and November constitute of post-monsoon or the retreating monsoon season. The cold season is from December to the middle of February.

73. Temperature falls from the end of November. December is the coldest month with a mean temperature of about 15.20oC. The maximum recorded temperature has been about

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39.20oC. The relative humidity is high during the South-West monsoon season being between 65 and 15%. The summer is the driest part of the year, when the relative humidity in the afternoons is between 30 and 40%. The details of climatic condition are given in the following table. Table 14: Climatic Condition of Basavakalyan Town

Mean Daily Monthly Rainfall in mm Relative Humidity in % Temperature in 0 C Months Normal (IMD Maximum Minimum Actual Maximum Minimum India) January 30.00 15.50 2.90 36.80 100 018 February 32.00 17.20 5.70 - 095 007 March 35.70 20.30 9.10 45.00 096 008 April 37.00 23.60 17.90 70.20 097 007 May 39.20 26.10 16.60 6.8 083 006 June 36.20 23.90 84.00 84.40 096 017 July 29.30 21.70 136.30 331.60 100 040 August 29.10 21.20 45.70 94.60 100 049 September 29.40 20.80 153.30 226.60 100 047 October 29.40 20.00 83.10 176.40 100 028 November 28.10 15.20 18.10 - 088 026 December 27.80 15.60 1.90 - 080 009 Total 574.50 1072.40 Source: Metrological Department, 2005

The rainfall for last ten 2% 4%

R R

O % O O 0 O 1 4 2 S % S % L L % years data reveals that 2 U U

H H

O R O R T PU T PU T ALA T ALA O P AD O P AD ART O Y ART O Y the average rainfall is A T A T PUR PUR

2% 25% 20% 5 % 900mm per year BASAVAKALYANA BASAVAKALYANA

TO N TO N ARA ARA YAN YAN PUR PUR T T wherever last 2005 it O O

S S

A A

S S

T T A A % P P 1 4 0 U U % was recorded 1072 .40 R R

4 10% 0 % mm and maximum 15% % 45 found in year in 1995.

3% APRIL, MAY, JUNE R % 2 O 1 4 O % S

L JAN, FEB, MARCH U H

O The winds are generally R T U LAP TO DA PA YA RTA TO PUR moderate in strength

18% 15% BASAVAKALYANA TO with some increase in N ARA YAN PUR T O

S A force during the later S

T A

P

U R 1 8 % % 0 half of the summer and 2 10% monsoon seasons. The % 2% 35

R

O 5%

6 O % R S JAN TO DEC L % O wind directions are 2 U 4 O H S %

L

O R U T PU A H L TO DA O PAR YA R T mostly from South-West T O U APU T LAP R TO DA PA YA RTA TO PUR 4% and North-West. The BASAVAKALYANA 4% 25 % TO NAR BASAVAKALYANA AYA NPU R TO T NA normal rainfall in the R O A YAN P S UR A T O S

T S A 5 % A P S U town is about 574.50 T R % A 4 P U

% R 1 5 8 2 8% % mm per year. The 5% monthly highest rain fall has been recorded in JULY, AUG, SEP WIND DIRECTION - 2005 OCT, NOV, DEC (DIRECTION OF ARROWS INDICATES PERCENTAGE NUMBER OF DAYS WIND BLOWING) the month of July is at SCALE : 1CM = 20% 331.60 mm and no rain Wind Rows Diagrammes fall (Zero rainfall) has been recorded in the month of November & December -2005.

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4. Land

A. Land Use Pattern (LUP)

74. The land utilization details for 1997 and the proposed land use of 2011, as presented in the Comprehensive Development Plan Report (2011) is indicated in following.

Table 15: Existing Land use Pattern (LUP)

Existing Land Use Land Use Area (hectares) % to Build up area % to Total Area Build Up Area: Vacant 130.56 9.87 6.96 Residential 486.41 36.79 25.97 Commercial 45.53 3.44 2.42 Industrial 102.83 7.77 5.48 Transportation & 286.77 21.69 15.32 Communication Public Utilities 2.56 0.19 0.10 Public & Semi- Public 163.36 12.36 8.72 Parks Play Grounds Open 104.27 7.89 5.68 Spaces Total 1322.29 100.00 ------Other than Build Up Area Unclassified 451.84 24.12 Agriculture 42.45 2.25 Water Sheet ------Fort Area 56.00 2.98 Total 1872.58 100 Source: CDP, Basavakalyan,

75. The total area under Basavakalyan CMC’s jurisdictions is 4302 hectares for 2001 but in 1997 it was 1322 ha build up area. Out of total residential area accounts 486.41 ha which constitutes 36.79 percent of total build up area. The other important uses are transport and communication covers 21.69 percent. Public and semi public use covers 12.36 percent. Parks and playgrounds and open space covered 7.89 percent. Industrial use occupies only 7.77 percent to total build up area. It is found that an area of 130.56 ha i.e. 9.87 percent land is lying vacant.

76. As per 2005 LUP, the total developed area is 514,04 hectares, most of which is residential comprising nearly 48.21 % of the total developed area. The commercial area is also predominant and it accounts for 3.36%. Existing landuse pattern of year 2005 is shown in table follow.

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Table 16: Proposed Landuse Pattern (LUP)

UDPFI Area in % to total Guidelines for SI. Land use Category Small Town No. Developed Hectares. % Area area 1. Residential 247.83 48.21 45-50 2. Commercial 17.25 3.36 2-3 3. Industrial 29.57 5.75 8-10 4. Public & Semi Public 49.62 9.65 6-8 5. Public Utilities & 3.28 0.64 Services 6. Parks, PG's & Open 38.10 7.41 12-14 spaces 7. Vacant Land 12.32 2.40 8. Transport & 116.07 22.58 10-12 Communication Total Developed 514.04 100.00 Area 9. Hillocks 3.5 - 10. Water Sheets 2.0 - Balance Total Conurbation 519.54 100.00 100.00 area Source: Master Plan, 2021 & UDPFI Guidelines, Ministry of Urban Development

5. Water Quality

A. Surface Water

77. The first organized water supply to Basavakalyan Town gets 2.27 MLD water from Chulki Nalla, located at a distance of 16 km from the town and 1.30 MLD from Tripuranth tube well system. Chulki Nalla Water Supply System on Mustapur dam was commissioned in 2002-03. About 68 bore wells, 25 of them fitted with submersible pumps and 43 fitted with hand pumps supplement the sources. The yield of these sources started going down and was insufficient to meet the requirements of the Town. Flow of water of Chulki nalla is not good. As a result the homeostatic mechanism of water itself becomes poor along with the course of stretch. Industrial effluent are also added some extent to make it deterioration. Presently, no STP has been operation in town to make environmentally good to river course. Subsequently the result is poor.

78. As per CPCB Norm the standard of water quality of surface water is as follows:

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Table 17: CPCB Standard for Water Quality of Surface Water

Standard for Water Quality of Surface Water Class Beneficial Use A Drinking without conventional use B Bathing C Drinking after conventional use D Propagation of Wild Life and fisheries E Irrigation, cooling & controlled waste Disposal Details of parameter of each Class: Class Parameter Criteria A D.O >6 mg/lt B.O.D <2 mg/lt Coliform <50/100 mt pH 6.5-8.5 B D.O >5 mg/lt B.O.D <3 mg/lt Coliform <500/mt pH 6.5-8.0 C D.O >4 mg/lt B.O.D <3 mg.lt Coliform < 5000/100 mt pH 6.0-8.0 D D.O >4 mg/lt pH 6.5-8.5 Coliform <5000/100 mt Free Amonia <1.2 mg/lt E pH 6-8.5 Sodium Ratio <26 Boron <2.0 mg/tonnes Electrical conductivity at 25 <2250 mcromos degree Celcius /cm Source: CPCB

79. The future water source is Manjra, which is a triburtary of Godavari. The Water Quality of tributaries streams Manjra indicates that expect BOD, FC and TC, other parameters like pH, DO, Conductivity are meeting the desired water quality criteria. The DO ranges from 5.2-12.6 mg/l except at BOD ranges from 0.1-14 mg/l. The Total Coliform number ranges from 4–78,000 MPN/100ml, whereas the Faecal Coliform is observed from 3-14,000 MPN/100ml. The water quality status of tributaries stream Manjra of Godavari is taken from CPCB, document, 2008.

B. Lake Water Quality:

80. Inland lake is another important environmental feature in Deccan Trap area. Natural lake has huge catchments area and in earlier period it was another source of drinking water. But presently, this inland water accumulated drainage water from adjacent area. It becomes waste water disposal point. Eutrophication is common feature now. Tripuranth Lake is the only water stretch of the Town, which is laying at Tripuranth Village, flanked by Anubhava Mantapa on Southside, Tripuranth Temple on North side. Forest area on West Side and Tripuranth Village on East Side, The Lake is main ecological and landscape feature, of the

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neighbourhoods. The vast water body stretch imparts microclimatic condition, which contribute the humidity and dust free cool breezes. Hence the town is located towards eastern hill top of the lake.

81. The drainage and wastewater inflow into lake is quite striking, which pollutes the water. Besides, the storm water is highly contaminated by the pesticides, weedicides, and chemical fertilizers used in agriculture fields of the catchments area which affects the water quality and the life of the aquatic flora and fauna of the lake also the health of the likely user of the lake. The activities such as cattle washing, cloth washing, etc., which leads the water pollution of the lake. This generates bad and also, after performing different type of superstitious pujas the people will dispose their cloths in the lake and other puja ceremonial offerings like, flowers, concentrate and etc., creates visual pollution.

82. Thus the pleasant and appealing landscape of the lakefront is lost, so this lake shall be protected from the pollution by Conservation and Upgrading extensively, to impart this water body, as a pleasing conspicuous and captivating landscape for the feature of the Town.

83. The lake is comprised of 1.44 sq kmts, in the survey of India Toposheet No. 56 C/13. Geologically the area is covered by latterite followed by BASALT due to humidity and climate the upper portion of the BASALT (Trap) is altered in to latterite.

84. The Lake has been silted up over the centuries to know the average thickness of the silt; geophysical survey was carried out by conducting vertical electrical soundings in the lake. The average thickness of the silt in the central portion of the Lake ranges from 6 to 7.5 meters and the same becomes thin and ranges from 1.5 to 2.0 meters all along the edge of the Lake. The thickness of different layers based on receptivity values is as below.

Silt ------1.5 to 7.5 mts. Latterite ------2 to 4.5 mts.

85. This lake also influences the underground water quality. The Physico-Chemical condition of lake along with adjacent bore well is as below:

Table 18: Physico-chemical Parameters of Tripuranthkeshwar Lake

Borewell Tripuranth Water Sample Sl. keshwar Parameters Unit Standard in No. Lake, water Tripuranthkes sample hwar Lake 1 PH 6.5-8.5 8.83 7.71 2 Electrical micromo 6 8.52 Conductivity EC s 2 Dissolved Oxygen mg/lt 5 4.6mg/lt. 3 Turbidity ppm 50 70 ppm Total Dissolved mg/l 500 511 mg/lt. Solids 4 Total Alkalinity mg/lt 200 108mg/lt 5 Chloride mg/lt 250 68 mg/lt. 103 mg/lt. 6 Total Hardness mg/lt 300 352 mg/lt. 252 mg/lt. Calcium Hardness 75 172 mg/lt 27 mg/lt. Magnesium 30 180 mg/lt. 46 mg/lt Hardness

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Borewell Tripuranth Water Sample Sl. keshwar Parameters Unit Standard in No. Lake, water Tripuranthkes sample hwar Lake 7 Magnesium mg/lt 30 122 mg/lt. 168 mg/lt. 8 Colour Hazen 10 Pale Yellow Unit 9 SO4 mg/lt 150 80 mg/lt. 10 NO3 mg/lt 45 48 mg/lt. 11 Na mg/lt 75 90 mg/lt. Source: DPR, Tripuranth Lake, 2007 Criticality

86. Due to downtown location of lake in natural drainage carries water of town and huge catchments area as a result the amount of silt is more in both lake and as well as ground water. Consequently EC is also high in Ground water quality and TDS is become high. Although area is under latterite and basaltic nature the hardness of water is less but due to waste water intrusion into Lake. In Tripuranth lake CACO3 value is more than permissible limit. Even it color is also in pale yellow which shows the mixing of sewage water. Mainly cattle washing, clothes washing and waste water all pollutants change its chemical homeostatic nature. The quality of lake water is deteriorated and resulted the adjacent water table in aquifer becomes polluted.

C. Ground Water:

87. Ground water is drawn through open wells and bore wells fitted with hand pumps. To asses the water quality of town and people access of water quality is to be assessed by examining the water quality of these open wells and bore wells. At present water level of town 18 mt to 20 mt bgl. Although the ground water table is depleted day by day. There is not single point is monitored and tested for wells water quality. By discussion with local people it is revealed that water flow is poor and as a result water tap puts up below the ground level at household level. That water is not use for drinking purpose. Only one time water is supplied for drinking purpose. There is needed to take action for water recharge of aquifer.

88. The overall assessment of this town is that water quality is poor. Maximum water is saline. Whole area’s porosity is very high level. As a result the siltation process is also very high. The after effect of water is that TDS is more. Lots of silt and mud are coming from bore wells. Due to absence of sewer line drainage facility of ground water is become polluted. Total hardness of water is also high it may be due to aquifer’s chemical composition of area. Although, aquifer condition is basically determining factor of physical characteristics of water but the needful treatment is needed for drinking purpose over here. The chemical condition of the area is as follows. The sample water tested data has been drawn as follows:

Table 19 : Ground Water Quality of Basavakalyan

Borewell Sl. Water Sample Parameters Unit Standard No. in Tripuranth keshwar Lake 1 PH 6.5-8.5 7.71 2 Electrical Micro 6 8.52 Conductivity EC mos 2 Dissolved Oxygen mg/lt 5

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Borewell Sl. Water Sample Parameters Unit Standard No. in Tripuranth keshwar Lake 3 Turbidity ppm 50 Total Dissolved mg/l 500 511 mg/lt. Solids 4 Total Alkalinity mg/lt 200 5 Chloride mg/lt 250 103 mg/lt. 6 Total Hardness mg/lt 300 252 mg/lt. Calcium Hardness 75 27 mg/lt. Magnesium 30 46 mg/lt Hardness 7 Magnesium mg/lt 30 168 mg/lt. 8 Colour Hazen 10 Unit 9 SO4 mg/lt 150 80 mg/lt. 10 NO3 mg/lt 45 48 mg/lt. 11 Na mg/lt 75 90 mg/lt. Source: DPR, Tripuranth Lake, 2007 Criticality

D. Waste Water:

89. Karnataka Pollution Control Board, Bidar has monitored one point of water quality at open drain which is mainly cause of water pollution. The location point is open drain at ward no. 1 near Hanuman Mandir within municipal limit near to assess the outlet of sewage to directly to water body. The tested data has been tabulated as under:

Table 20: Waste Water Quality, Basavakalyan

Sl Tested Parameters Unit No. Result 1 Total Suspended Solids mg/ l 2676 Bio- Chemical Oxygen Demand for 3 days mg/l 2100 2 at 27 degree Centigrade Source: KSPCB, Bidar

90. Viewing above data it is revealed that the turbidity of water is very high. Although the flow of water is very poor and subsequently TDS value of water has increased. But BOD level is more than 70 times more than permissible limit. It means the intercepts of Sewage in open drain.

91. Since the water intake point is quite far from city limit. But area is fall under red soil area where, porosity level is too high. Consequently this polluted water percolated to underneath aquifer and get polluted. Presently, water is also intake from ground water near Tripuranth Water tank. The quality of Tripuranth tank is also very poor. City does not get as per standard of Environmental Protection Rule, 1986 Vide 1 level water quality for potable use.

6. Ambient Air Quality

92. The ambient air quality is one of the most significant indicators of environmental health of a town. Ambient air quality monitoring has not been carried out at any point in the Basavakalyan Town. During transit view it is observed that SPM level is very high. Road side

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condition is poor. The loosened particle of latterite soil is blown with air, which is bad for health. It may cause also asthma.

93. Another most important in Basavakalyan town in respect to Environmental quality for air condition is that 3000 lorry is daily halting in city limit. It carries loot of vehicular pollution to city. Most Lorries are carrying unleaded petrol or diesel driven vehicle and no pollution check has been provided for the city gateway. To make pollution free zone there is need to control the vehicular emission in city with system of fuels

94. As per CPCB norms the standard for Ambient Air Quality of any particular area is as follows:

Table 21: Ambient Air Quality Standards (National)

Concentration in Ambient Air Time- Residential, Method of Pollutants Weighted Industrial Sensitive Rural & Measurement Average Areas Areas Other Areas Sulpher Annual 80 µg/m3 60 µg/m3 15 µg/m3 Improved West and Dioxide Average* Geake Method (SO2) Ultraviolet Fluorescence 24 120 80 µg/m3 30 µg/m3 hours** µg/m3 Oxides of Annual 80 µg/m3 60 µg/m3 15 µg/m3 Jacob & Nitrogen as Average* Hochheiser (NO2) Modified (Na- Arsenite) Method 24 120 80 µg/m3 30 µg/m3 - Gas Phase hours** µg/m3 Chemiluminescence Suspended Annual 360 140 µg/m3 70 µg/m3 - High Volume Particulate Average* µg/m3 Sampling, Matter (Average flow rate (SPM) not less than 1.1 m3/minute). 24 500 200 µg/m3 100 hours** µg/m3 µg/m3 Respirable Annual 120 60 µg/m3 50 µg/m3 Respirable Particulate Average* µg/m3 particulate matter Matter sampler (RPM) (size less than 10 microns) 24 150 100 µg/m3 75 µg/m3 hours** µg/m3 Lead (Pb) Annual 1.0 µg/m3 0.75 µg/m3 0.50 - ASS Method after Average* µg/m3 sampling using EPM 2000 or equivalent Filter paper 24 1.5 µg/m3 1.00 µg/m3 0.75 . hours** µg/m3

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Concentration in Ambient Air Time- Residential, Method of Pollutants Weighted Industrial Sensitive Rural & Measurement Average Areas Areas Other Areas Ammonia1 Annual 0.1 mg/ 0.1 mg/ m3 0.1 . Average* m3 mg/m3 24 0.4 mg/ 0.4 mg/m3 0.4 . hours** m3 mg/m3 Carbon 8 hours** 5.0 2.0 mg/m3 1.0 mg/ - Non Dispersive Monoxide mg/m3 m3 Infra Red (NDIR) (CO) 1 hour 10.0 4.0 mg/m3 2.0 Spectroscopy mg/m3 mg/m3 *Annual Arithmetic mean of minimum 104 measurements in a year taken twice a week 24 hourly at uniform interval. ** 24 hourly/8 hourly values should be met 98% of the time in a year. However, 2% of the time, it may exceed but not on two consecutive days Source: CPCB

95. In general the whole Basavakalyan town there is no as such polluting industrial unit, which is operating to produce bulk amount of air pollution. Dal (Pulses) industry and few others are operating within particular premises. Even most of the area under industrial zone is lying vacant and yet to be in operation. But before full operation of industrial site there is need to have common treatment plant and controlling measure for air pollution.

7. Ambient Noise Quality:

96. Noise can disturb our work, rest, sleep and communication. It can damage our hearing and evoke other psychological and possibly pathological reactions. This fact has been experienced widely and is a serious concern to every one. The Govt. of India has timely included noise as an air pollutant in the amended act of 1997 for which has laid down as following:

97. The Central Pollution Control Board in exercise of its powers under section 16 (2) (h) of the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981, notified the ambient air quality standard in response as:

Table 22: Standard of Noise Level

Day time(6 a.m. to Night time (9 p.m. Category of Area 9 p.m) limits in to 6 a.m) limits Decibels (dB) in Decibels (dB) Industrial Area 75 70 Commercial Area 65 55 Residential Area 55 45 Sensitive Zone 50 40 Source: CPCB

98. There is no single monitoring station is being done for assessing the noise level of city. Although only one main spine is catering the main traffic zone to city heart but NH-9 is entering at the gate of the Town. From there main road goes upto fort and old town. Even lorry/trucks are in regular in whole day – night entering into city and several places halting. These are main source of increase of noise level source. There is needed to make separate place to restrict them. Even no single noise barrier has been made in town limit.

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8. Social Environment

A. Ethnic Minorities and Indigenous Peoples

99. No communities of ethnic minorities and indigenous people have been reported within the project area. Health and Hygiene

(i) No safe disposal method does presently exist. A large number of dry latrines still exist but the night soil freely flows in the open causing serious unsanitary conditions and health hazard. The problem needs immediate attention as it pollutes the public water courses also.

(ii) The absence of municipal taps and non-availability of staff for maintenance have resulted in the poor state of the public latrines, which are largely being used by the slum population.

Demographic Characteristics:

100. Population Growth: The town population of Basavakalyan CMC is 58,785 as per census 2001. The town has experienced positive population growth in the last decade (37.41% from 1991 to 2001), compared to 29 % average decadal growth in 1970’s and 1980’s. The population increase in the 1960’s (45.75 % from 1961 to 1971) can be attributed to the importance given to the areas by the State government after reorganization of the states in 1956. The subsequent years have witnessed natural increase of population, with a marginal increase in migration in the last decade attributed to failure of rains and lack of employment opportunities in agriculture.

101. The estimated Fig 2.7Population Growth of Basavakalyan Town population for design 70,000 50 period by year 2041 is 60,000 40 137,700. 50,000 30 40,000 20 10 % 102. The total number of 30,000 Rate inRate 0 Growth households in the CMC 20,000 -10 10,000 according to the census in No Population -20 1991 is 5,647 0 -30 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Correspondingly, the 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 0 household size is 7.5, 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 1971 19 19 20 which is far higher Years compared to the national Population (Nos.) Decadal Growth (%) average of 5, which signifies an increase in the dependency ratio. At present the household size is 6.7, where total household are 8,718.

Socio Economic Characteristics:

103. The work force participation rate (WFPR) of the town is 29 per cent. Out of total population only 29 percentage populations is working population and rest 71 percent population are non working population. In 1991 total no of working population were 12031 and in 1981 it became 9720. Day by day number of non- working population is more in number than the working population. It depicts that

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one third of the total population is only employed and rest are unemployed. It means the dependency ratio is very high in this town.

B. Environmental Setting of Investment Programme Component Sites:

Site Selection for Sewerage Treatment Plant at Betbelkunta Village

104. The STPs will be constructed sufficiently away from the settlement area. The sites selections have been justified because the treated effluent form the plant will be used in agricultural purposes, etc. Sludge will be used for manure.

105. The existing WTP will serve the demand for 2026. For Ultimate design period 2041 water works to be worked out in Phase II.

106. The existing site is predominantly agricultural flat field. At present there is no habitation or any permanent structure exists. No irrigational canal or water body are lying within site area.

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IV. ENVIRONMENTAL SCREENING OF SUB COMPONENTS:

107. The proposed Sewerage system consists of STP, sewer Line etc. The impacts of proposed works are site-specific, and few are irreversible. In most cases, mitigation measures can be designed to minimize the impact. So this Sewerage sub projects will be categorized as Category B project and as well as Water Supply Sub project will be categorised as Category B. The detail REA checklist for sub components of Sewerage and Water Supply sub project for Basavakalyan Town is appended in Annexure.

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V. POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

A. Overview:

108. This section identifies and assesses the probable impacts on different environmental parameters during planning, construction and the operation of the proposed development. After studying the existing baseline environmental scenario, initial field surveys, reviewing the process and related statutory norms, the major impacts have been identified and assessed for the design, construction and the operation phases. Potential positive impacts or improvements are also reviewed.

Potential Impact & Mitigation Measures under Sub Component of Sewerage System, water Supply System and Slum Improvement Works:

109. Planning and Design covers the construction details, materials of construction etc. that ultimately decides the impact during later phases. Most of the impacts are during construction and operation phase. While some of the construction phase impacts are temporary, some are permanent. The permanent impacts would be positive in nature such as increase in business & employment opportunities, reduction in accidents, and comfort in journey.

110. Planning and Design covers the construction details, materials of construction etc. that ultimately decides the impact during later phases. Most of the impacts are during construction and operation phase. While some of the construction phase impacts are temporary, some are permanent. The permanent impacts would be positive in nature such as increase in business & employment opportunities, reduction in accidents, and comfort in journey.

111. Screening of environmental impacts has been based on the impact magnitude (negligible/moderate/severe – in the order of increasing degree) and impact duration (temporary/permanent). The following table shows the screening of impacts; N/T represents the lowest impact while S/P represents the highest impact. Numerator represents the Degree of Impact and denominator represents the Duration of impact.

Table 23: Screening of Impacts

Duration of Magnitude (Degree of Impact) Impact Negligible(N) Moderate(M) Severe(S) Temporary(T) N/T M/T S/T Permanent (P) N/P M/P S/P Source: Analysis

The following tables provide the potential environmental impacts and mitigation measures of sewerage components proposed under NKUSIP in Basavakalyan.

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Table 24: Environmental Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures of Sewerage Sub Component

Screening Damages to Recommended Feasible Implementing Environmental Impact of Comments Environment Protection Measure Agency Impacts

Problems related to sitting for facilities Land Acquisition Land N/P Payment of compensation The total requirement of land is ULB, (CMC degradation before taking possession of 28 Acre. It is predominantly Basavakalyan) land agricultural land. But lack of water availability is become fallow or only pulses are cultivated in season. Interference with other Nuisance/ M/T Utility shifting plan will be No interference with existing ULB, (CMC utilities disturbance to prepared utilities as the construction will Basavakalyan) public carry out outskirt of town. Interference with street Nuisance/disturb M/T In order to ensure access No interference expected in ULB, (CMC traffic/ blocking of access to ances to public diversions to be prepared. major road only sub arterial Basavakalyan) building Signals to be placed on roads some part are to be site. affected for local traffic Inadequate resettlement Social inequities N/P Adequate budget provisions No rehabilitation measures ULB, (CMC provision to be made for temporary suggested Basavakalyan) and permanent resettlements as per govt compensation practice. Contamination of Ground Water N/P Impervious bed will be This may not be significant as Contractor groundwater resources due Pollution constructed in lagoon with the groundwater table is deep to leaching of ponds black soil. at around 100-150 ft.

Loss of amenity and odor Odour Nuisance N/P Village habitation is far from Proposed land is far from Design Engineer nuisance to neighbors. proposed STP location. village habitation. There is no anticipated nuisance is predicted. Design Phase

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Overflow/bypassing Contamination of N/T Diversion of overflow and Adequate design measures to Design Consultant hazards environment plus disposal of debris to be be taken flooding done to avoid the siltation and run off. Discharge of partially treated The treated N/P The effluent from the STP Environmental Quality Design Consultant sewage will have potential to sewage may be shall be confirmed to the Standard to be monitored. pollute the agricultural fields. used for following standards of Designed treatment technique irrigation. discharge for inland surface is equipped to meet desired However, this water disposal: standard discharge. may not be . BOD < 30 mg/l significant as . Suspended solids < 100 treatment will be mg/l designed to meet inland surface water discharge standards which is stringer than irrigation standards Nuisance due to leakage / Contamination of N/P Regular maintenance will Monitoring the operation Implementing overflowing of sewers. land nullify the impact. Usage of practice Agency, ULB appropriate maintenance equipment would substantially reduce the maintenance time. Nuisance due to mosquito Odour and M/P Development of buffer zone Cleaning of Sludge and O& M under ULB breeding and bad odours Mosquito as a physical separation cleaning of banks of ponds, from STP. breeding, and visual screen around prohibit to grow the bushes and Disease the facility will also address grasses. this impact. A buffer zone in the form of landscaping and earthwork shall be created around the STP. To avoid/reduce mosquito

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breeding, the banks of ponds shall be kept clear of grasses bushes, etc.

Pollution due to sludge Quantity of M/P Safe sludge handling Cost to be included for sludge O& M under ULB disposal methods. Sludge sludge methods shall be employed. management removal from the ponds may generation will Personal protection be done once for every 2 or not be equipment such as gloves, 3 years, depending on the considerable. boots, shall be provided to sludge generation. Contaminated the workers. Sludge shall be work area may dried in drying beds before cause health its disposal in low-lying hazards. areas.

A sludge management plan shall be prepared. Regular Shaft is already provided to monitoring of gas Adequate monitoring of gas M/T remove the gas of Cost is considered in DPR O& M under ULB of manhole is not manholes. possible. Construction Phase Silt runoff from construction Soil erosion plus Arrangements are to be Site Engineer will ensure that Contractor of STP damage to water made by the contractor for works are done in such a way quality and needful and quick that there is quick disposal of aesthetics M/T discharge of run off. silt runoff from the site. Desiltation will be addressed in construction work . Dust/odour/fumes/ Health M/T Careful planning, control Appropriate PPEs to be Contractor noise/vibration from hazard/nuisance and monitoring buffer zone provided during construction by construction to workers and around the proposed the contractor public treatment works.

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Inconvenience to access The access for M/T During construction period, EMP should be executed business, residential and business and planks / makeshift during this construction phase other immediate facilities other facilities pathways should be for the public and impact on along the provided along the livelihood die to loss of proposed sewer construction areas for the access to business. laning areas will public to access their be disturbed requirements for residential, during shopping and other construction facilities. period. Inconvenience to public Reduced M/T Construction should be barricade during excavation Contractor during sewer laying along pedestrian and expedited in the least time and construction should be thick commercial areas and vehicle access to frame. provided narrow streets; where residences and public facilities are located. businesses Activities requiring maximum access control should be done during non peak hours.

Excavation along the road should be done in such a way that entire stretch will not be trenched at a time. ULB Basavakalyan

Traffic management with diversion through alternate routes will be implemented by providing adequate sign boards. Nuisance due to dust and Dust generation M/T Construction material shall Sprinkler should be used for Contractor noise; road blocking due to may be be stockpiled to minimize reducing dust and modern laying of sewer network; significant as the traffic blockages. In case of technology should be used for and, increased traffic flow dry weather excavations for sewer lines meeting desire noise limit due to vehicle movement condition in busy streets such as

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for construction activities. prevails in the central areas of the town town. (market area, old town area), adequate arrangements for traffic diversion including prior intimation and by erecting sign board shall be provided.

Considering the market and dense residential areas in the core town area, preparation of construction site management plan is ULB Basavakalyan necessary. Poor performance of the contractor may potentially exacerbate these impacts and therefore qualified contractors to be appointed. The contracted work includes the implementation of construction site management plan, which will address these issues. Dust and noise from Sewer network M/T Construction material shall Part of construction cost Contractor/CMC construction of STP and will be laid all be stockpiled. Adequate Basavakalyan lying/rehabilitation of sewer over the town arrangements for traffic network activities. including high diversions including density areas. erection of sign boards.

As the proposed Dust generation must be STP is located arrested by water spraying. away the Ensure usage of standard

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habitation, equipment to reduce the As far as laying noise nuisance. Equipment of sewer network shall comply with the noise is considered, levels of construction the dust and equipment laid out by the noise nuisance CPCB. High noise may be generating activities considerable in including material unloading the core town shall be avoided during area and in all nights. The surrounding other areas it people shall be informed, may be especially in densely negligible. populated area, of nature and schedule of the high noise generating activities, if any

A construction site management plan shall be prepared. Poor performance of the contractor may potentially exacerbate these impacts and therefore qualified contractors to be appointed. The contracted work includes the implementation of construction site management plan, which will address these issues. Pollution and health Quantity of Safe sludge handling CMC Basavaklyan Part of O & M costs hazards due to sludge sludge M/P methods shall be employed disposal methods generation will - Personal protection not be equipment such as gloves,

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considerable. boots, shall be provided. Contaminated Sludge shall be dried in work area may drying beds before its cause health disposal. This sludge may hazards. be used as manure for non- food crops or land filled.

FAL technique has itself Sludge Management Process. Sludge is to be digested in digester and decompost in Drying Bed. Dried sludge will be used as manure Improper Disposal of Solid Waste M/P Bituminous waste top be Part of Construction Cost Contractor Bituminous waste disposal disposed in approved waste disposal sites.

Improper handling of After Excavation N/T Excess soil shall be Part of Construction Cost Contractor/CMC excess soil debris and soil disposed in low laying Management areas other than water bodies Operation Phase Mixing of Industrial Waste Treatment M/P The rules and regulation Part of O&M Cost KSPCB and CMC water with sewage process in the will be strictly implemented Basavakalyan down stream will to avoid mixing of industrial be significantly waste stream with sewage. affected Health risk to the sewer workers due to toxic effluent and gases

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Odour nuisance due to STP Newly developing M/P Buffer zone in the form of Part of O & M costs CMC Basavakalyan This impact may be residential areas landscaping and earthwork considered as negligible are located at shall be created and well due to location of plant site 1000 m. Future maintained around the site. and proposed buffer expansion of The proposed STP site is provision town may be far away from habitation. considered Potential pollution of As the STP is N/P Ensure the following CMC Basavakalyan stream/agricultural fields designed for effluent discharge due to inadequate stream discharge standards for stream treatment. standards, the discharge: impact may be minimal.  BOD < 30 mg/l - However,  Suspended solids < overloading of 100 mg/l STP may The total sewage is exaggerate these calculated for optimum time problems. period and capacity of STP is designed according to that. Pollution and health Quantity of M/P Safe sludge handling CMC Basavakalyan Part of O & M costs hazards due to sludge sludge methods shall be employed disposal methods generation will - Personal protection not be equipment such as gloves, considerable. boots, shall be provided. Contaminated Sludge shall be dried in work area may drying beds before its cause health disposal. This sludge may hazards. be used as manure for non- food crops or land filled.

Sludge Management Plan shall be implemented.

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Nuisance due to N/P Implement the mitigation CMC Basavakalyan. Part of Construction measures suggested in the Cost. overflowing/choking of sewers. design stage to avoid chocking.

No major water bodies and Sewer cleaning equipments ground water is have been provided very deep. However nuisance may be considered. Water logging and/or Health hazard M/P Design construction, O&M, Periodic cleaning of sewer lines overflowing of sewer due to and public plus monitoring during CMC Basavakalyan clogged sewer lines nuisance monsoon Workers exposed to toxic Serious/health/sa S/T There should be Not expected, appropriate CMC Basavakalyan gases in sewers in sewage fety hazards measurement of hazardous safety measures would be during maintenance work gases in the sewers with taken by the contractor the help of gas sensors.

Inadequate operations Nuisance/ hazard M/P O&M and monitoring other Regular monitoring to be stage monitoring to than the recommended carried out. CMC Basavakalyan Public in terms of measures effluent disposal, odour etc. Source: Analysis

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Table 25: Potential Environmental Impacts Of Water Supply System

Action / Activity Associated Issues/ Impacts

1.Problems in silting . Pollution of raw water supply from upstream waste discharges . Excessive algae growth in storage reservoirs 2.Problems in Design . Increased sewage production . Inadequate disposal of sludge Phase . Management of chlorine used for disinfections . Water and sewer pipes in same trench . Soil erosion / silt run off from construction operations 3.Problems during . Continuing soil erosion / silt run off from non-surfaced exposed areas Construction . Inadequate monitoring . Other construction hazards . Delivery of unsafe water 4.Problems during . Inadequate monitoring of distribution system Operation . Delivery of corrosive water to distribution system due to inadequate O&M Source: Analysis

112. Summary of anticipated impact and the mitigation measures are written as follow

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Table 26: Impact & Mitigation Measures of Proposed Water Works

Screening Damages to Recommended Feasible Protection Implementing Environmental Impact of Comments Environment Measure Agency Impacts

Problems related to siting for facilities Land Acquisition Land degradation Not Required There is no Land - Acquisition will take N/A place in this sub component of project Increased waste water Waste Water Improved sanitation system to Already Sewerage CMC caused by the increase in Generation accommodate increased water supply works is another project Basavakalyan water supply M/P including new toilets, septic tank component for NKUSIP cleaning service, and sludge drying project. beds. Interference with other Nuisance/ Utility shifting plan will be prepared No interference with CMC utilities disturbance to existing utilities as the Basavakalyan public construction will carry M/T out on existing WTP and Water Supply network. Interference with street Nuisance/disturba In order to ensure access diversions No interference CMC traffic/ blocking of access nces to public to be prepared and. alternate routes expected in major road Basavakalyan to building will be implemented by providing only sub arterial roads adequate sign boards. some part are to be affected for local traffic M/T Activities requiring maximum access control should be done during non peak hours.

Excavation along the road should be done in such a way that entire stretch

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will not be trenched at a time. Inadequate resettlement Social inequities Adequate budget provisions to be No rehabilitation CMC provision made for temporary and permanent measures suggested Basavakalyan N/P resettlements as per govt compensation practice. Design Phase Mitigation measures for road blocking New line alignment Design Interference with street during construction will be executed. excavation is required Consultant Nuisance/disturba traffic/ blocking of access M/T but traffic signals and nces to public Diversion of traffic and alternate to building routes will be implemented protection measures adhere Regular maintenance will nullify the Monitoring the Supervision Nuisance due to loose Soil impact. Usage of appropriate operation practice Consultant Contamination of dust and Odour during N/T maintenance equipment would land Trenching work substantially reduce the maintenance time Use of silt fences and cover sand Monitoring works to be Supervision piles during monsoon season. Also addressed this issue Consultant Siltation of surrounding use tarpaulins to cover dry soil when Flooding M/T drains and water carried on trucks. Backfilling of excavated trenches to be done immediately after work is completed. . Pollution due to sludge Quantity of sludge Safe sludge handling methods shall Cost to be included for O& M under disposal methods. Sludge generation will not be employed. Personal protection sludge management ULB removal from the chambers be considerable. equipment such as gloves, boots, Contaminated M/T shall be provided to the workers. work area may Sludge shall be dried in drying beds cause health before its disposal in low-lying areas. hazards. A sludge management plan shall be prepared. Construction Phase Siltation of surrounding Soil erosion plus Needful arrangements are to be Site Engineer will Contractor M/T drains and water damage to made by the contractor for proper ensure that works are

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aesthetics discharge. Use of silt fences and done in such a way that cover sand piles during monsoon there is quick disposal season. Also use tarpaulins to cover of silt runoff from the dry soil when carried on trucks. site. Backfilling of excavated trenches to be done immediately after work is completed. . Health Careful planning, control and Appropriate PPEs to be Contractor Dust/odour/fumes/ hazard/nuisance monitoring buffer zone around the provided during noise/vibration from M/T to workers and proposed treatment works. construction by the construction public contractor The access for During construction period, planks / EMP should be Contractor business and makeshift pathways should be executed during this Inconvenience to access other facilities provided along the construction areas construction phase business, residential and along the for the public to access their other immediate facilities proposed water requirements for residential, shopping M/T for the public and impact supply laning and other facilities. on livelihood die to loss of areas will be access to business. disturbed during construction period. Construction should be expedited in barricade during Contractor the least time frame. excavation and construction should be CMC Activities requiring maximum access Inconvenience to public provided Basavakalyan Reduced control should be done during non during water supply laying pedestrian and peak hours. along thick commercial vehicle access to M/T areas and narrow streets; residences and Excavation along the road should be where public facilities are businesses done in such a way that entire stretch located. will not be trenched at a time.

Traffic management with diversion through alternate routes will be

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implemented by providing adequate sign boards. Nuisance due to dust and Dust generation Construction material shall be Sprinkler should be Contractor noise; road blocking due may be significant stockpiled to minimize traffic used for reducing dust to laying of water Supply as the dry blockages. In case of excavations for and modern technology network; and, increased weather condition sewer lines in busy streets such as should be used for CMC traffic flow due to vehicle prevails in the central areas of the town (market meeting desire noise Basavakalyan movement for construction town. area, old town area), adequate limit activities. arrangements for traffic diversion including prior intimation and by erecting sign board shall be provided.

Considering the market and dense M/T residential areas in the core town area, preparation of construction site management plan is necessary. Poor performance of the contractor may potentially exacerbate these impacts and therefore qualified contractors to be appointed. The contracted work includes the implementation of construction site management plan, which will address these issues. Dust and noise from As the proposed Dust generation must be arrested by Part of construction cost Contractor/CMC construction of WTP WTP is located water spraying. Ensure usage of Basavakalyan away the standard equipment to reduce the habitation, noise nuisance. Equipment shall comply with the noise levels of N/T construction equipment laid out by the CPCB. High noise generating activities including material unloading shall be avoided during nights. The surrounding people shall be informed,

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especially in densely populated area, of nature and schedule of the high noise generating activities, if any Disposal of Bituminous Solid Waste Bituminous waste top be disposed in Part of Construction Contractor waste disposal M/P approved waste disposal sites. Cost

Handling of excess soil After Excavation Excess soil shall be disposed in low Part of Construction Contractor/CMC debris and soil N/T laying areas other than water bodies Cost Management

Impact on topography Geo Ensure adequate dry flow Part of Construction Contractors and slope stability and morphological (environmental flow) to be released work hydrlogy and alteration downstream as per government M/P sedimentation requirements (if exist) and to ensure no impacts on downstream ecosystems Environmental impacts Land Degradation Where sites/camps are set up, the Part of Construction Supervision from construction worker contractor will see that sanitation work Consultant camps (toilets, solid waste management) systems are in place; potable drinking M/T water provided; kerosene to be provided at reduced rates for cooking; gambling, liquor and illicit relationships banned. Contractor will be required (as per his contract) to ensure clean- up of site back to original, pre-project condition. Sites of social/cultural Noise Identify buildings at risk from vibration Part of Construction Supervision importance (schools, Disturbances damage and avoid using pneumatic Work Consultant hospitals, temples, tourism drills or heavy vehicles nearby. sites) may be disturbed by S/T Remove waste quickly, cover/spray noise, dust, vibration and stockpiles, import sand only when impeded access needed, cover soil/sand on trucks. Increase workforce to finish work

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quickly. Use bridges to allow access (people/vehicles). Consult relevant authorities, custodians of buildings, local people to address issues & avoid work at sensitive times. No construction at night and early morning hours. Public to be notified of any loud noise and vibrations Accident Prepare and implement a site Health Part of Construction Contractors Workers and the public and Safety Plan that includes work are at risk from accidents measures to: Exclude the public from on site all construction sites; Ensure that workers use Personal Protective S/P Equipment; Provide Health & Safety training for all personnel; Follow documented procedures for all site activities; and keep accident reports and records Operation Phase Health Hazard due to During Safety measure to adhere to control There is no major CMC leakage of Chlorine Gas Chlorination of and check the leakage. Regular settlement along WTP Basavakalyan use of Gas may S/T monitoring is also needed. so anticipated occur leakage magnitude of affect will minor

Pollution and health Quantity of sludge Safe sludge handling methods shall CMC Basavakalyan Part of O & M hazards due to sludge generation will not be employed - Personal protection costs disposal methods be considerable. equipment such as gloves, boots, Contaminated shall be provided. Sludge shall be work area may M/P dried in drying beds before its cause health disposal. This sludge may be used as hazards. manure for non- food crops or land filled.

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Sludge Management Plan : Sludge is normally removed under Hydrostatic pressure through pipes. It will settle in tank. Where meachnical scrapers are provided. Sludge and wash water should be properly disposed of without causing any problem. Sludge will be disposed off to landfill site and back wash will be used for agriculture purpose for near field. Reclamation of water from the sludge removed from the settling basin. Designated power line is provided for entire process. Recurrence of blockage Water leakage The leak detection and water auditing Part of O & M Costs CMC and leakage problems. and water logged surveys shall be conducted. The leak Basavakalyan is major problem M/T restoration time shall be minimized. is anticipated Shops may lose small Loss of Income Inform shopkeepers of work in Part of O & M CMC amounts of income if advance; provide walkways and Basavakalyan customers’ access is M/P bridges for vehicles; and request impeded by network repair police to divert traffic if necessary. works.

Risk of contaminated Prepare and operate H&S Plan with water in the distribution same measures as used in system construction phase Source: Analysis

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Table 27: Impact & Mitigation Measures for proposed Slum Improvement works Screening Damages to Recommended Feasible Protection Implementing Environmental Impact of Comments Environment Measure Agency Impacts Design Phase Interference with street Nuisance/disturba Mitigation measures for accessing to New line alignment Design traffic/ blocking of access to nces to public individual houses are required. excavation is required Consultant individual houses where M/T but traffic signals and width of the roads are very protection measures narrow adhere Regular maintenance will nullify the impact. Monitoring the operation Supervision Contamination of Nuisance due to loose Soil Usage of appropriate maintenance practice Consultant land and health N/T dust and Odour equipment would substantially reduce the hazard maintenance time Siltation of surrounding Flooding Use of silt fences and cover sand piles Monitoring works to be Supervision drains and water during monsoon season. Also use addressed this issue Consultant tarpaulins to cover dry soil when carried on M/T trucks. Backfilling of excavated trenches to be done immediately after work is completed. Community toilet should be located in open Design criteria Design Location of provision for Access to land, where all slum dwellers can access. Consultant M/P community toilet everyone Site selection should not biased to local people or community Construction Phase Site Engineer will ensure Contractor Silt runoff from construction that works are done in Arrangements are to be made by the of Road, Drainage Soil erosion plus M/T such a way that there is contractor for discharge. excavation quick disposal of silt runoff from the site. Dust/odour/fumes/ Health Careful planning, control and monitoring Appropriate PPEs to be Contractor M/T noise/vibration from hazard/nuisance buffer zone around the proposed treatment provided during

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construction to workers and works. construction by the public contractor The access for During construction period, planks / EMP should be Contractor business and makeshift pathways should be provided executed during this Inconvenience to access other facilities along the construction areas for the public construction phase business, residential and along the to access their requirements for residential, other immediate facilities proposed water shopping and other facilities. M/T for the public and impact on supply laning livelihood die to loss of areas will be access to business. disturbed during construction period. Construction should be expedited in the barricade during Contractor least time frame. excavation and construction should be Activities requiring maximum access control provided should be done during non peak hours.

Inconvenience to public Reduced Excavation along the road should be done during water supply laying pedestrian and M/T in such a way that entire stretch will not be CMC and sewer pipe line laying. vehicle access trenched at a time. Basavakalyan

Traffic management with diversion through alternate routes will be implemented by providing adequate sign boards.

Nuisance due to dust and Dust generation Construction material shall be stockpiled to Sprinkler should be used Contractor noise; road blocking due to may be significant minimize traffic blockages. In case of for reducing dust and laying of network; and, as the dry weather excavations for sewer lines in busy streets modern technology increased traffic flow due to condition prevails M/T such as central areas of the town (market should be used for CMC vehicle movement for area, old town area), adequate meeting desire noise Basavakalyan construction activities. arrangements for traffic diversion including limit prior intimation and by erecting sign board

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shall be provided.

Poor performance of the contractor may potentially exacerbate these impacts and therefore qualified contractors to be appointed. The contracted work includes the implementation of construction site management plan, which will address these issues. Dust and noise from Dust nearby road Dust generation must be arrested by water Part of construction cost Contractor/CM construction work dwellers spraying. Ensure usage of standard C equipment to reduce the noise nuisance. Basavakalyan Equipment shall comply with the noise levels of construction equipment laid out by the CPCB. High noise generating activities S/T including material unloading shall be avoided during nights. The surrounding people shall be informed, especially in densely populated area, of nature and schedule of the high noise generating activities, if any Disposal of Bituminous Solid Waste Bituminous waste top be disposed in Part of Construction Contractor waste disposal approved waste disposal sites. Cost M/P

Handling of excess soil After Excavation Excess soil shall be disposed in low laying Part of Construction Contractor/ debris and soil areas other than water bodies Cost CMC Management N/T

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Impact on topography and Geo Ensure adequate dry flow (environmental Part of Construction Contractors slope stability and hydrlogy morphological flow) to be released downstream as per work and sedimentation alteration M/P government requirements (if exist) and to ensure no impacts on downstream ecosystems Sites of social/cultural Social values Identify buildings at risk from vibration Part of Construction Supervision importance damage and avoid using pneumatic drills or Work Consultant heavy vehicles nearby. Remove waste quickly, cover/spray stockpiles, import sand

only when needed, cover soil/sand on trucks. Increase workforce to finish work quickly. Use bridges to allow access S/T (people/vehicles). Consult relevant authorities, custodians of buildings, local people to address issues & avoid work at sensitive times. No construction at night and early morning hours. Public to be notified of any loud noise and vibrations

Accident Prepare and implement a site Health and Part of Construction Contractors Workers and the public are Safety Plan that includes measures to: work at risk from accidents on Exclude the public from all construction site sites; Ensure that workers use Personal S/P Protective Equipment; Provide Health &

Safety training for all personnel; Follow documented procedures for all site activities; and keep accident reports and records Operation Phase Pollution and health flooding Regular clearing of drainage and removal CMC Basavakalyan Part of O & M hazards due to desiltation M/P of silt is important. Otherwise it will create costs of drainage health hazard

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Recurrence of blockage Water leakage and The leak detection and water auditing Part of O & M Costs CMC and leakage problems. water logged is surveys shall be conducted. The leak Basavakalyan major problem is M/T restoration time shall be minimized. anticipated Cleaning of Community Social and hygine Regular cleaning of Community toilet is Part of O & M CMC Toilet issue S/P required. Designated person should be Basavakalyan appointed to make clean the system Source: Analysis

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VI. INSTITUTIONAL ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITY

113. Nodal Executing Agency (EA): The Government of Karnataka (GoK) through the Karnataka Urban Infrastructure Development and Finance Corporation (KUIDFC) has prepared the North Karnataka Urban Sector Investment Programme (NKUSIP) under the Asian Development Bank assistance. The proposed NKUSIP is the logical follow-on investment program to the ongoing Loan 2312-IND. Karnataka Urban Infrastructure Development & Finance Corporation (KUIDFC) is the nodal executing agency (EA) responsible for implementing NKUSIP. Investment Program implementation activities will be monitored by KUIDFC through a separate Investment Program Management Unit (PMU), which will be set-up within KUIDFC. The Managing Director/KUIDFC will head the PMU and will be assisted by an Executive Director at the Regional office of KUIDFC at Dharwad to oversee the Investment Program progress. A team of senior technical, administrative and financial officials will assist the Executive Director in controlling and monitoring Investment Program implementation activities. The Executive Director at Regional Offices is supported By Divisional Program Offices headed by Divisional Program Director, located at Gulbarga for Package 3. The consultant team will be under the Divisional Programme Director and will be involved in project planning, preparation of subproject and cost estimates, co ordination, technical guidance and supervision, financial control, training and overall subproject management. All Investment Program decisions will be made by the Executive Director who shall operate from the PMU, Dharwad; only interactions with GoK, GoI and ADB shall be conducted through the KUIDFC office at Bangalore.

114. A state level Empowered Committee for investment Program with representatives from GoK and PMU of KUIDFC has been constituted and Executive Director from Dharwad will be reporting to this committee as and when needed. The committee members include Additional Chief Secretary (Committee Chair), MD of KUIDFC (Committee Secretary), Principal Secretary of the Urban Development Department, Principal Secretary of Planning Department, Secretary for municipalities and urban development authorities of Urban Development Department, secretary for expenditure of the finance department and director of Directorate of Municipal Administration.

115. Implementing Agency (IA): The ultimate implementation responsibility lies with ULB in co ordination with various other Departments of GoK. The programme component A, B, E will be implemented by ULB reporting to Divisional Program Director. Under the component B, for bulk water supply, Karnataka urban Water Supply and Drainage Board (KUWSDB) will be acting on behalf of ULB reporting to Divisional Program Director. Slum upgradation will be done through Karnataka Slum Clearance Board reporting to Executive Programme Director. Component D will be implemented through co ordination of Karnataka State Fire & Emergency Services, The lake Development Authority, Department of Information and relevant ULB reporting to Executive Programme Director. Component F will be implemented through DMA and or KUIDFC reporting to Programme Director and Component G through KUIDFC reporting to Programme Director.

116. Other than the above institutional setup, District Level Programme Steering Committee will be set up in each district to monitor implementation of subprojects and institutional reforms. The District Level Programme Steering Committee shall consist of Deputy Commissioner of District, Divisional Program Director from concerned divisional office, Municipal Commissioners’ / Chief Officers of

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Investment programme ULB and President / Chair of investment programme ULB. The District Level Programme Steering Committee will be reporting to Executive Programme Director. The organization hierarchy is as presented in Flow Chart 2

Flow Chart 2: Executing Agency

Program Director A state level Empowered (MD of KUIDFC) Committee for investment

Executive Director at Technical Regional Office, Dharwad. Admin Finance

Divisional Program Director (4 Divisional Program Office District Level at Bellary, Dharwad, Programme Steering Consultant: DHV for Gulbarga Package 3

Implementing Agency

ULB KUWSDB Karnataka Slum DMA / Clearance Board Karnataka State Fire KUIDFC KUIDFC & Emergency Services, The lake Development Authority,

Water Supply Bulk Water Slum Lake Development, Institutional Investment Sewerage Supply Improvement Fire Fighting Development Program

Component A - Sanitation (Sewerage & Drainage) Component B – Water Supply Component C – Slum Improvement Component D – Non Municipal Infrastructure Component E - Urban Transportation Component F – Institutional Development Component G - Investment Program Assistance

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Table 28: Institutional Roles and Responsibilities

Investment Responsible Program Activity Details Agency Phase Pre Investment Conduct Rapid Environmental ULB construction Program Assessment (REA) for each sub- phase Categorization components using REA checklists Reviewing the REA and assigning PMU Investment Program category (Ea/Eb/Ec) based on NKUSIP Environmental Assessment Guidelines and ADB Guidelines Conducting EA Conducting IEE/EIA based on the Investment Investment Program categorization Program Conducting Public Consultation and Consultants information disclosure Preparation of SIEE/SEIA Investment Fulfilling GoK/GoI requirement such ULB Program as clearances from other Government clearances Agencies Review of EIA/IEE Reviewing the EIA/IEE and PMU SEIA/SIEE Reports to ensure compliance of the report as per ADB Guidelines and approval of the same Disclosure of Information disclosure -SIEE/SEIA ULB SEIA/SIEE reports should be made available to the public, and on request IEE/EIA also made available. Incorporation of Incorporation of necessary mitigation Investment mitigation measures identified in IEE/EIA in Program measures into Investment Program design and in Consultants Investment contract documents. Program design Review of design Review of design and contractual PMU documents documents for compliance of mitigation measures Construction Implementation of Implementation of necessary Contractor Phase mitigation mitigation measures measures Monitoring Environmental monitoring as specified Investment in monitoring plan during construction Program stage; monitoring of implementation Consultants of mitigation measures Preparation of Preparation of monthly progress ULB in progress reports reports to be submitted to PMU assistance of including a section on implementation PC of the mitigation measures Review of PMU to review the progress reports, PMU progress reports consolidate and send to ADB review Operation Environmental Conducting environmental monitoring, ULB Stage Monitoring as specified in the environmental monitoring plan.

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Investment Responsible Program Activity Details Agency Phase

Compliance Compliance monitoring to review the KSPCB Monitoring environmental performance of sub- project component, if required and as specified in Monitoring Plan Source: Analysis

Training Needs 117. As described in the above table the PMU will involve in monitoring the Investment Program implementation while the ULB will implement the Investment Program. It is therefore important that these agencies and particularly the officials involved in the Investment Program to have understanding of the ADB’s environmental assessment procedures and also of environmental issues of various urban infrastructure components. As far as implementation of mitigation measures on site is concerned the Contractor will be involved. Hence, it is important to orient the contractors and supervisory staff towards the implementation of mitigation measures and their consequences. Hence, considering the existing capabilities of the agencies involved in NKUSIP, the following training program is suggested. The following table presents the suggested training program.

Table 29: Training Needs (2010 – 2026)

Description Contents Schedule Participants Person Responsibility Program 1 Module 1 – 2 days PMU officials PMU team Orientation Orientation involved in the (Environmental Program / Investment Program Investment Specialist) Workshop for Cycle of NKUSIP Program and ADBs Environmental ULB officials Implementing Assessment Guidelines involved in Agency and EA requirements of Investment Executing NKUSIP Program Agency Indian Environmental implementation Laws & Regulations relating to urban infrastructure Investment Program Environmental impacts of urban infrastructure Investment Programs

Module 2 Environmental Assessment Process Investment Program categorization as per ADB IEE/EIA process,

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Description Contents Schedule Participants Person Responsibility Formats and Reports Identification of Environmental Impacts Identification Mitigation Measures Formulation of Environmental Management Plan Implementation and Monitoring Summary EIA/IEEs Review of EIA/IEE reports to comply with ADB requirements Incorporation of mitigating measures in the Investment Program design and contracts Program - 2 Module 1 1 day Contractors DHV Orientation Implementation of involved in Consultant Program / Mitigation Measures NKUSIP (Environmental Workshop for Environmental issues Supervisory Specialist) Contractors and related urban staff of ULB Supervisory staff infrastructure Investment Programs during construction Implementation of mitigation measures Monitoring of implementation Program - 3 Module – Experiences 1 day PMU officials DHV Experience and Best Practices (every ULB officials Consultant Sharing Experiences on alternative Local NGOs (Environmental implementation in terms year from Specialist) of environmental the start of concerns of Investment implemented Program, Investment Programs i.e. 2010) Best Practices followed Source: Analysis

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VII. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN

1. Detailed Environmental Monitoring Plan for Proposed Sewerage Project Components

118. To ensure the effective implementation of mitigation measures and environmental management plan, during construction and operation phase of the sub component of sub-project, it is essential that an effective Environmental Monitoring Plan be designed and followed as given below:

Ambient Air Quality (AAQ) Monitoring

119. RSPM, SPM, SO2 and NOx are to be monitored at designated locations starting from the commencement of construction activities. Monitoring should be done near construction sites during construction phase in accordance to National Ambient Air Quantity Standards.

Noise and Vibration Monitoring

120. The measurements of noise and vibration levels should be carried out near construction sites during construction phase in accordance to the ambient noise standards formulated by Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF).

Environmental Monitoring Plan

121. The environmental monitoring plan for the proposed sub-project is summarized in the table given below:

Table 30: Environmental Monitoring Plan for Sewerage System, Mitigation Activities Location Monitoring Monitoring Responsible and Method Method Frequency for Monitoring LOCATION AND DESIGN Sell treated STP Site Monthly Supervision wastewater to farmers observation; Consultant for irrigation farmer survey Use treated waste water for ponding systems for cultivation CONSTRUCTION Find beneficial uses All sites Site Monthly Contractor for waste soil observations; (construction, land CMC records raising, infill) Remove waste soil as All sites Site Weekly Contractor soon as it is observations excavated Use tarpaulins to All sites Site Weekly Contractor cover soil when observations transported on trucks Avoid Basavakalyan From STP Observations Weekly Contractor Town and narrow off site; CMC local roads when records

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transporting soil Avoid transporting soil From STP Observations Weekly Contractor during peak traffic on and off site periods Cover or damp down Inhabited Site Weekly Contractor stockpiled soil in dry areas observations weather Conduct all All sites Site Monthly Contractor excavation work in the observations dry season Pump groundwater STP site Site Monthly Contractor from excavated areas observations; and provide to farmer survey farmers Leave spaces for Network Site Weekly Contractor access between sites observations mounds of soil Provide bridges to Network Site Weekly Contractor allow people & sites observations vehicles to cross open trenches Only remove trees if it All sites Site Weekly Contractor cannot be avoided observations Plant and maintain All sites Observations Monthly Contractor two trees for every on/off site; one removed CMC records *Compensate Where Shopkeeper As needed Contractor businesses for lost required survey; income Increase workforce in Network Site Monthly Contractor inhabited areas to sites observations; finish work quickly CMC records Inform shopkeepers Network Resident Monthly Contractor and residents of work sites surveys; CMC in advance records Confirm location of Network Site Monthly Contractor infrastructure and sites observation; avoid these sites design reports Locate water and Network Site Monthly Contractor sewer pipes on sites observation; opposite sides of design reports roads Integrate subprojects Network Site Monthly Contractor to conduct trenching sites observation; at same time design reports If work will affect Network Site Monthly Contractor traffic, conduct when sites observations; traffic is light CMC records Ensure police provide Network Site Monthly Contractor traffic diversions when sites observations; required CMC records Request All sites DSC records; As needed Contractor archaeological design reports authorities to assess

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potential of all sites Select alternatives if All sites DSC records; As needed Contractor sites have medium or design reports high potential Include state and All sites CMC records; As needed Contractor town historical observations authorities as at meetings stakeholders Develop and apply All sites DSC and Weekly Contractor archaeological CMC records; protocol to protect site chance finds observations Plan transport routes Network Observations Weekly Contractor to avoid narrow sites off site: CMC streets, important or records fragile buildings, religious and tourism sites Plan work to avoid Network Site Monthly Contractor peak traffic and main sites observations; tourism season CMC records Avoid using Network Site Weekly Contractor pneumatic drills near sites observations; buildings at risk from CMC records vibration Use modern vehicles All sites Site Monthly Contractor and machinery and observations; maintain as specified CMC records Consult authorities, Network Site Monthly Contractor custodians of sites observations; buildings, CMC records; communities: address resident key issues, avoid surveys working at sensitive times Prepare and All sites Site Monthly Contractor implement a site H&S observations; Plan (safety of CMC records workers/public) Exclude public from All sites Site Monthly Contractor the site observations; CMC records Ensure that workers All sites Site Monthly Contractor wear Personal observations; Protective Equipment CMC records Provide Health and All sites CMC records; Monthly Contractor Safety training for all worker personnel interviews Follow documented All sites Site Monthly Contractor procedures for all site observations; activities CMC records Keep accident reports All sites CMC records Monthly Contractor and records Design infrastructure Network DSC records; As needed Contractor

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to avoid known sites design reports locations of AC pipes Train all personnel in All sites Site Monthly Contractor dangers and observations; recognition of AC CMC records pipes Develop and apply All sites DSC & CMC Weekly Contractor protocol if AC pipes records; site are encountered observations If AC pipes are All sites Site Weekly Contractor encountered, report to observations; management CMC records immediately Remove all persons to All sites Site Weekly Contractor safe distance observations; CMC records Workers handling AC: All sites Site Weekly Contractor wear breathing observations; apparatus; protective CMC records suits All AC material must All sites Observations As needed Contractor be removed and on and off disposed of safely site; CMC records Employ at least 50% All sites CMC records; Monthly Contractor of workforce from worker communities near interviews sites OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE Detect and repair Network Site Monthly ULB sewer leaks rapidly sites observation; and effectively resident survey Sell dried inert sludge STP Site Monthly ULB to farmers to fertilize observation; land farmer survey Inform shopkeepers Network Resident Monthly ULB and residents of work sites surveys in advance Provide walkways and Network Site Monthly ULB bridges for vehicles sites observation; resident survey Request police to Network Site Monthly ULB divert traffic if sites observations necessary Avoid using drills or Network Site Monthly ULB heavy vehicles near sites observations fragile buildings Finish work quickly in Network Site Monthly ULB sensitive areas sites observations; CMC records Consult communities, Network Site Monthly ULB

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avoid working during sites observation; sensitive periods resident survey Prepare and operate All sites Site Monthly ULB H&S plan to protect observations; workers and citizens CMC records Apply AC protocol to All sites Site Monthly ULB protect all persons if observations; AC pipes encountered CMC records STP workers should STP Employer Monthly ULB be residents of record; neighbouring areas worker survey LONG-TERM ULB SURVEYS Survey of chemical STP Water quality ULB and bacteriological sampling/anal quality of STP effluent ysis Monthly for 5 Bacteriological STP Bacterial years ULB surveys of dried STP sampling/anal sludge ysis Survey of public Basavakalyan Hospital ULB health and incidence Town records; Annual for 6 of water borne resident years disease surveys Source: Analysis

Table 31 Water Works and Slum Improvement Works for Basavakalyan Town

Monitoring Parameter Location/Method Frequency Responsibility Design Stage Monitoring Water Quality (all One time before Manjra River at the Design parameters, particularly final design phase proposed intake Consultant faecal colliform) Safe intake sites with One time before Design minimum risk of pollution Consultant final design Adequate source and Proposed intake sites phase intake protection measures Paid compensation and Design rehabilitation measures for At time of civil Consultant Survey of APs land acquisition before Contract award civil contract award All designs of components include proper One time before consideration of final design Design environment (i.e. water Proposed designs of DSC phase Consultant and air quality, noise pollution, sludge management) One time before Design of occupational Design Proposed designs of DSC final design safety measures Consultant phase

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Monitoring Parameter Location/Method Frequency Responsibility As needed before Training programs for staff Design -- and during by consultants Consultant implementation Construction Stage Monitoring Implementation of EMP by Construction area Regular Contractor contractor Water quality (BOD5, pH, Manjra above and below One time Contractor Temperature, COD) intake point O&M Stage Monitoring WTP Sludge testing WTP sludge sampling and spot check on (alum, and other Bi-annually ULB environmentally friendly contaminants) sludge disposal methods Regular O&M water ULB Inspection of facilities Bi-annually treatment facilities Water quality (BOD5, pH, Manjra River above and ULB Bi-annually Temperature, COD) below intake point Parameters, ULB location and frequency Water quality (TSS, pH, according to the Drinking water at taps and Temperature, BOD5, National Drinking reservoirs COD, E-coli) Water Quality Standards and Implementation Guidelines Residual chlorine is ULB Measured throughout the sufficient to assure the distribution network potability of water supply particularly at point Bi-annually at the household tap as furthest from the well as to assure no over chlorination point. chlorination. Training and operational supervision of system Survey of staff Bi-annually ULB staff Handling and dosages of Treatment Plant Quarterly ULB chlorine Inspections Source: Analysis

Environmental monitoring cost

122. The environmental monitoring cost for the proposed sub-project is summarized in the table given below:

Table 32: Environmental Monitoring Cost for Water works

S.N Description. Unit Rate 1. Monitoring of following environmental parameters as per direction of ULB a Construction Phase i Air Samples 5000

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ii Noise Samples 1000 b Operation Phase i Water Quality Samples 5000 Source: Laboratory Assessment

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VIII. PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE

A. Overview

123. A checklist of questions was kept ready and responses were elicited from people and guidelines were issued to field assistants for the purpose. The questions were kept simple for people to comprehend. Notes were made for the responses and viewpoints presented by people. The following table shows the details of it. Further Focus Group Discussions were carried out with the houses located at the nearest vicinity of STP Site. The issues raised during Public Consultation and the mitigation measures incorporated in design and IEE and presented in Table 33.

Table 33: Issues Addressed during Public Consultation along STP Site and Local People in town and slums in Basavakalyan Issues Raised Sl. during Focus Mitigation Measures No Group Discussion 1. Loss of Livelihood Participants were asked about loss of total land which is and Income cultivable land. restoration Particularly those person whose land belongs to land. Options Though land is not very fertile land, so consultant was

discussed and actual requirement has been told. It was discussed that there is no loss of livelihood or any displacement. But leakage and open drain intercepts sewer affects the health problem and vice versa agricultural land.

2. Water Logging and Participants had a fear that during construction widening Drainage and alignment of sewer, water a pipeline will alter natural drainage pattern in the area and may cause un ease situation for local people. 3. Odour and The FAL has proposed for identified STP location. But Mosquito Breeding FAL does not pose any odour nuisance and buffer zone which will raise will developed, the odour which won’t reach to habitation disease near of village. Village Provision of Visual Screens and landscaping has been integrated as a part of STP which will effectively control the nuisance to the immediate surrounding.

Water Logging and Participants had a fear that during construction widening 4. Drainage and alignment of water supply network laying, there is water logging 5. Availability of Local people are worried during rehabilitation of pipeline water during the availability of water will be there or any other construction alternatives govt will provide 6. House connection People are questioning about the house connection for issues new works and rehabilitation. When it will be

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commissioned and finalized. Participants are more curious to know the total time duration for availability of water in a day. 7. Safety Measure for safety measure are in build in design and operation and any leakage of gas maintenance no anticipated gas leakage is predicted. But which will affect still during O&M safety measure to control any leakage the college will be taken care of. compound Public Consultation

Grievance Redressal Mechanisms

124. A District Level Project Steering Committee (DLPSC) headed by the Concerned District Commissioner (DC) has been established under the NKUSIP project vide GO: No N. A. E. 45 PRJ 04 dated 18/06/04 for 21 towns, in addition to the functions of the committee, Grievance redress was included as additional function vide GO: No N. A. E. 167 PRJ 05 dated 22/09/05 for the same towns and for the additional four towns of Yadgir, Nipanni, Illkal & Sindhanur which were included later the DLPSC was established along the function of grievance redress vide Go No N. A. E124 PRJ 2007, dated 29/11/07, hence a grievance redress mechanism is in place for the project.

A Grievance Redressal Committee (GRC) is formed to ensure that grievances are addressed in a timely manner, facilitating timely project implementation. The GRC will comprise representatives from APs (ensuring representation of vulnerable households), local government/Basavakalyan ULB, Investment Program Officials – Deputy Project Director of NKUSIP, and NGOs/ community based organizations (CBOs). The GRC redresses grievances at the local-level in a consultative manner and with the participation of the affected households, or their representatives. GRC meetings will be convened as necessary to address complaints as they arise. The time and date of GRC meetings will be announced to APs by the implementing NGO and RO a week in advance.

The Process of Grievances Redressal Mechanism is as follow:

AFFECTED PERSONS

Major IMPLEMENTING Grievances NGO AND RO Grievance Addressed

Major Grievances GRC

Not Grievance Addressed Addressed

DEPUTY COMMISSIONER

Not Grievance Addressed Addressed 72

COURT

IX. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

A. Overview:

In order to address the impacts predicted in the earlier sections, mitigation measures are discussed in this section and an Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is recommended. EMP also identifies the role of various agencies in the implementation of these measures.

No major environmental or social issues are anticipated due to the implementation of the proposed sewerage system. The critical issues will however be to minimise air and noise quality impacts during the execution of this project.

While, the impacts are not very severe and permanent, care has to be taken to ensure that the ambient environmental conditions do not deteriorate. The project on the whole will improve the health and sanitary conditions, water portability and drainage system of the project area.

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1. Environmental Management Plan for Sewerage Work:

The identified impacts and suggested mitigation measures with institutional responsibilities are tabulated in Table 34

Table 34: Environmental Management Plan for Proposed Sewerage & Sanitation System

Institutional Environmental Approximate Responsibility Remedial Measures Timeframe Issue/ Component Location Implementa Super- tion vision A. Design Phase A.1. Existing water During design, it will be ensured that water supply and All along the During Contractor Design supply and other other utilities may not get affected. proposed design Consultant utility lines If any kind of public utilities is required to be shifted, then sewerage system phase this shifting is done before start of construction phase and and STPs in minimum time duration. B. Construction Phase B.1 Construction During the construction phase the silt and solid waste Construction sites During Contractor Design waste generation generated, shall be disposed of at the site approved by Construction Consultant and disposal engineer. phase The operations related to the cleaning, removal, storage and transportation of the waste materials shall be performed in strict adherence to the central & State Pollution Control Board norms. B.2. Use of water for . The contractor will make arrangements for water Construction sites During Contractor Design construction required for construction in such a way that water Construction Consultant availability and supply to nearby communities remain phase unaffected. . For construction purpose water will be taken from surface body. B.3. Urban Services . Construction wastes should be collected and disposed Construction sites During Contractor Design in environmentally sound manner as soon as Construction Consultant construction is over at a particular stretch. phase . In a particular stretch, where construction activities are

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Institutional Environmental Approximate Responsibility Remedial Measures Timeframe Issue/ Component Location Implementa Super- tion vision being initiated, local people should be made aware about the construction schedule so that they co-operate with the construction activities. . For construction purpose, local water resource should be used judiciously so as to avoid any shortage of water to other stakeholders. B.4. Air pollution and . Vehicles transporting construction waste, loose and fine Construction sites During Contractor Design dust emissions from materials, like sand and fine aggregates should be fitted Construction Consultant construction with tailboards to reduce spills. phase activities . Water sprinkling to suppress dust shall be carried out at the construction sites (if required). . The contractor will take every precaution to reduce the level of dust from construction activities and machineries either by sprinkling of water or encapsulation of dust source and by erection of screen/barriers/curtains. . Regular maintenance of machinery, vehicles and equipment will be carried out. . All vehicles, plants and equipment used in construction will conform to the MOEF/SPCB air quality standards. . Ambient air quality monitoring should be carried to ensure the effectiveness of mitigation measures. B.5. Noise Levels . Protection devices (ear plugs or ear muffs) should be Construction Sites During Contractor Design provided to the workers operating in the vicinity of high Construction Consultant noise generating machines. phase . Construction equipments and machinery should be maintained . Operation of construction machines will be scheduled to coincide with period when people would least likely be affected.

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Institutional Environmental Approximate Responsibility Remedial Measures Timeframe Issue/ Component Location Implementa Super- tion vision . The unloading of materials at construction sites in/close to settlements will be restricted to daytime only. . Noise levels should be monitored during construction phase and suitable control measures should be taken, if noise levels are found to be above the prescribed standards. B.6. Sanitation and . The construction camps will be located away from the At Construction During Contractor Design waste disposal in habitation. camp locations, Construction Consultant construction . Supply of sufficient quantity of potable water in every wherever located phase camps/worker’s workplace/labour camp site at suitable and easily along the Project camp accessible places and regular maintenance of such corridor facilities is to be ensured. (Based on . The contractor will provide garbage bins in the camps requirement of and ensure that these are regularly emptied and camp) disposed off in a hygienic manner. . Unless otherwise arranged by local sanitary authority, arrangements for disposal of night soils (human excreta) will have to be provided by the contractor. . Contractor will keep the sewage system for the camp area in such a fashion that no health hazard occurs. . Separate toilets/bathrooms, wherever required, screened from those from men (marked in vernacular) are to be provided for women. . Adequate water supply is to be provided in all toilets and urinals. . Temporary medical facilities to be provided by the contractor to the workers. B.7. Drainage and . Contractor will ensure that construction materials like Throughout Construction Contractor Design run-off earth, stone or appendage are disposed off in a way not Project Corridor Phase Consultant to block the flow of water of any water course.

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Institutional Environmental Approximate Responsibility Remedial Measures Timeframe Issue/ Component Location Implementa Super- tion vision . In addition to the design requirements, the contractor will take all required measures as directed by the Engineer to prevent temporary or permanent flooding of the site or any adjacent area. B.8. Accessibility . The contractor will provide safe and convenient Throughout Construction Contractor Design passage for vehicles and pedestrians. The contractor Project phase Consultant will not disturb the existing access for any construction corridor activity without providing adequate alternate provisions. B.9. Flora and Fauna . The contractor will take reasonable precautions to Throughout Construction Contractor Design prevent his workmen or any other persons from Project phase Consultant removing and damaging any flora (plant/vegetation) and corridor/ fauna (animal/bird). Worker’s camp . The unloading/dumping of construction and waste materials should be done away from the existing trees. B.10. Safety near . To ensure safe construction, temporary accesses Construction sites During Contractor Design construction during construction, lighting devices and safety signal Construction Consultant activities devices will be installed. phase . First aid facilities to be provided by the contractor at the construction sites. . The contractor will take all necessary measures for the safety of traffic and people during construction and provide, erect and maintain such barricades, including signs, markings, flags, lights and flagmen as required by the Engineer for the information and protection of traffic approaching or passing through the construction areas. . The contractor will comply with all the precautions as required for ensuring the safety of the workmen as per the International Labor Organization (ILO) Convention No. 62 as far as those are applicable to this contract.

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Institutional Environmental Approximate Responsibility Remedial Measures Timeframe Issue/ Component Location Implementa Super- tion vision . The contractor will not employ any person below the age of 14 years for any work and no woman will be employed on the work of painting with products containing lead in any form. B.11. Contamination . Construction vehicles and equipment will be maintained Throughout Construction Contractor Design of soil from fuel and and refueled in such a fashion that oil/diesel spillage Project Corridor Phase Consultant lubricants does not contaminate the soil. B.12. Contamination . Construction wastes, generated, will be dumped by Throughout Construction Contractor Design of soil from contractor in consultation with Engineer at suitable site. Project Corridor Phase Consultant construction wastes C. Contractor’s Demobilization C-1. Clean-up . The clean-up and restoration operations are to be Throughout Construction Contractor Design Operations, implemented by the contractor prior to demobilization. Project corridor Phase Engineer Restoration and The contractor will clear all temporary structures; Rehabilitation dispose all garbage and night soils waste as desired by Engineer. . All construction zones used/affected by the project will be left clean and tidy, at the contractor’s expense, to the entire satisfaction to the Engineer. D. Operation Phase (Defect Liability Period) D.1. Waste water . After treatment and before Treatment waste water At identified Operation Contractor CMC quality quality to be monitored locations Phase Basavakalya n

Source: Analysis

Environmental Management Plan for Proposed Water Works

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Table 35: Environmental Management Plan for Water Works Environmental Mitigation Measures Location Time Frame Institutional Responsibility Impact/Issue Implementatio Supervision n Utility Shifting . If any kind of public utilities are required to be shifted, Project Prior to start of Contractor Engineer then this shifting be done before start of construction corridor construction phase and in minimum time duration. activity

Location of . The construction camps are to be located away from Constructio Prior to start of Contractor Engineer construction camps habitations. n camps construction for labourers . The living accommodation and ancillary facilities for activity labour be erected and maintained to the standards and scales approved by the engineer. . Adequate water supply to be provided for the construction workers. . Garbage bins to be provided in the camps and regularly emptied and the garbage disposed off in a hygienic manner to the satisfaction of the engineer. . All construction labourers camps will be provided with a sewerage system (including septic tanks and soak pits) designed, built and operated such that no pollution to ground or adjacent water bodies/watercourses will take place. Water arrangements . Independent arrangements to be made for the Constructio Prior to start of Contractor Engineer requirements for construction work in such a way that n camps construction water availability and supply to nearby communities and work work remain unaffected. place Air Quality (Increase . All vehicles, plants and equipment used in construction Work place Construction Contractor Engineer in pollution levels) will conform to the MOEF/ SPCB air quality standards. Phase . Machinery causing excessive pollution (e.g., visible clouds of smoke) be banned from construction sites. . Ambient air quality monitoring should be carried to ensure the effectiveness of mitigation measures. Generation of Dust . All vehicles delivering materials to the site be covered to Along roads Construction Contractor Engineer

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Environmental Mitigation Measures Location Time Frame Institutional Responsibility Impact/Issue Implementatio Supervision n avoid spillage of materials. and public Phase . Dust curtains to be provided (if required) use areas . Plants, machinery and equipment be so handled (including dismantling) as to minimize generation of dust. . Sprinkling of water at point source. Damage to Roads . Road markings, flagmen, signboards and lighting system Throughout Construction Contractor Engineer be provided at the construction sites so as to aware project Phase public and minimise the inconvenience and accident risks. Emission from . All vehicles, equipments and machinery used for Constructio Construction Contractor Engineer vehicles, equipment construction should be regularly maintained to ensure n sites Phase and machinery. that pollution emission levels comply with the standards of SPCB. . Idling of delivery trucks or other equipment should not be permitted during periods of unloading or when they are not in active use Noise quality . Careful planning of machinery operation and scheduling Project area Construction Contractor Engineer of operations can reduce the noise levels. The works Phase should be carried out at the time when the public would least likely be affected. . Vehicles and construction machinery be monitored regularly to maintain noise levels to minimum; . Workers in the vicinity of high noise levels must be provided with ear plugs. . Noise levels should be monitored during construction phase and suitable control measures should be taken, if noise levels are found to be above the prescribed standards. Localized . Ensure construction management and reshape the site Project Area Construction Contractor Engineer disturbance of condition to its original. Phase surrounding areas . Off-site disposal locations for materials and debris to be

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Environmental Mitigation Measures Location Time Frame Institutional Responsibility Impact/Issue Implementatio Supervision n determined to be acceptable. . plans for disposal of construction waste to be included in the contract documents. First Aid . At every workplace, a readily available first aid unit Entire Construction Contractor Engineer including an adequate supply of sterilized dressing Project Site Phase material and appliances to be provided. Disposal of muck . The muck generated due to excavations, etc. shall be Entire Construction Contractor Engineer disposed off at a location specified by the engineer. Project Site Phase

Siltation in river . Temporary silt traps be provided for collection of silt. At Construction Contractor Engineer . The silt collected, be disposed off ly as suggested by the construction Phase engineer. sites near river Ground water quality . The ground water quality be monitored as per the Entire Construction Contractor Engineer monitoring plan. Project Site Phase

Flora and Fauna . The contractor will take reasonable precaution to prevent Through-out Construction Contractor Engineer his workmen or any other persons from removing and Project Phase damaging any flora (plant/vegetation) and fauna corridor/ (animal/bird). Worker’s . The unloading/dumping of construction and waste camp materials should be done away from the existing vegetation. Safety measures . Adequate safety measures be adopted at the At Construction Contractor Engineer construction sites. Construction Phase . Public safety measures in the form of markings and sites barriers to be installed so as to minimise chances of accidents and inconvenience to public. Clean-up Operations, . The clean-up and restoration operations are to be Through-out Construction Contractor Engineer Restoration and implemented by the contractor prior to demobilization. Project Phase Rehabilitation The contractor will clear all temporary structures; dispose corridor

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Environmental Mitigation Measures Location Time Frame Institutional Responsibility Impact/Issue Implementatio Supervision n all garbage and night soils waste as desired by Engineer. . All construction zones used/affected by the project will be left clean and tidy, at the contractor’s expense, to the entire satisfaction to the Engineer. Operation Phase Generation of . Provision of safe sewage and sanitation facilities be Bidar Town Operation CMC CMC additional wastewater provided. Phase . A sewage treatment system be installed so as to ensure disposal of waste water. Source: Analysis

Table 35: Impact & Mitigation Measures for proposed Slum Improvement works

Screening Damages to Recommended Feasible Protection Implementi Environmental Impact of Comments Environment Measure ng Agency Impacts

Design Phase Interference with street Nuisance/dist Mitigation measures for accessing to New line alignment Design traffic/ blocking of access to urbances to individual houses are required. excavation is required Consultant individual houses where public but traffic signals and width of the roads are very M/T protection measures narrow adhere

 Contamin Regular maintenance will nullify the impact.  Monitoring the Supervision Nuisance due to loose Soil Usage of appropriate maintenance operation practice Consultant ation of N/T dust and Odour land and equipment would substantially reduce the health maintenance time

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hazard

Siltation of surrounding  Flooding Use of silt fences and cover sand piles Monitoring works to be Supervision drains and water during monsoon season. Also use addressed this issue Consultant tarpaulins to cover dry soil when carried M/T on trucks. Backfilling of excavated trenches to be done immediately after work is completed. .

Community toilet should be located in open Design criteria Design land, where all slum dwellers can access. Consultant Location of provision for Access to Site selection should not biased to local M/P community toilet everyone people or community

Construction Phase

Site Engineer will ensure Contractor Silt runoff from construction that works are done in Soil erosion Arrangements are to be made by the of Road, Drainage M/T such a way that there is plus contractor for discharge. excavation quick disposal of silt runoff from the site. Health Careful planning, control and monitoring Appropriate PPEs to be Contractor Dust/odour/fumes/ hazard/nuisan buffer zone around the proposed treatment provided during noise/vibration from M/T ce to workers works. construction by the construction and public contractor Inconvenience to access The access for During construction period, planks / EMP should be Contractor business, residential and business and makeshift pathways should be provided executed during this other immediate facilities other facilities M/T along the construction areas for the public construction phase for the public and impact on along the to access their requirements for residential, livelihood die to loss of proposed shopping and other facilities.

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access to business. water supply laning areas will be disturbed during construction period. Construction should be expedited in the barricade during Contractor least time frame. excavation and construction should be Activities requiring maximum access control provided should be done during non peak hours. Inconvenience to public Reduced during water supply laying pedestrian and M/T Excavation along the road should be done and sewer pipe line laying. vehicle access in such a way that entire stretch will not be  CMC trenched at a time. Basava kalyan Traffic management with diversion through alternate routes will be implemented by providing adequate sign boards. Nuisance due to dust and Dust Construction material shall be stockpiled to Sprinkler should be used Contractor noise; road blocking due to generation minimize traffic blockages. In case of for reducing dust and laying of network; and, may be excavations for sewer lines in busy streets modern technology increased traffic flow due to significant as such as central areas of the town (market should be used for CMC vehicle movement for the dry area, old town area), adequate meeting desire noise Basavakaly construction activities. weather arrangements for traffic diversion including limit an condition prior intimation and by erecting sign board prevails M/T shall be provided.

Poor performance of the contractor may potentially exacerbate these impacts and therefore qualified contractors to be appointed. The contracted work includes the implementation of construction site

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management plan, which will address these issues. Dust and noise from Dust nearby Dust generation must be arrested by water Part of construction cost Contractor/ construction work road dwellers spraying. Ensure usage of standard CMC equipment to reduce the noise nuisance. Basavakaly Equipment shall comply with the noise an levels of construction equipment laid out by the CPCB. High noise generating activities S/T including material unloading shall be avoided during nights. The surrounding people shall be informed, especially in densely populated area, of nature and schedule of the high noise generating activities, if any Im disposal of Bituminous Solid Waste Bituminous waste top be disposed in Part of Construction Contractor waste disposal approved waste disposal sites. Cost M/P

Im handling of excess soil After Excess soil shall be disposed in low laying Part of Construction Contractor/ Excavation areas other than water bodies Cost CMC debris and soil N/T Management

Impact on topography and Geo Ensure adequate dry flow (environmental Part of Construction Contractors slope stability and hydrlogy morphological flow) to be released downstream as per work and sedimentation alteration M/P government requirements (if exist) and to ensure no impacts on downstream ecosystems Sites of social/cultural Social values Identify buildings at risk from vibration  Part of Construction Supervision importance S/T damage and avoid using pneumatic drills or Work Consultant heavy vehicles nearby. Remove waste

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quickly, cover/spray stockpiles, import sand only when needed, cover soil/sand on trucks. Increase workforce to finish work quickly. Use bridges to allow access (people/vehicles). Consult relevant authorities, custodians of buildings, local people to address issues & avoid work at sensitive times. No construction at night and early morning hours. Public to be notified of any loud noise and vibrations Accident Prepare and implement a site Health and Part of Construction Contractors Workers and the public are Safety Plan that includes measures to: work at risk from accidents on Exclude the public from all construction site sites; Ensure that workers use Personal S/P Protective Equipment; Provide Health &

Safety training for all personnel; Follow documented procedures for all site activities; and keep accident reports and records Operation Phase Pollution and health flooding Regular clearing of drainage and removal CMC Basavakalyan Part of O & hazards due to im M/P of silt is important. Otherwise it will create M costs desiltation of drainage health hazard Recurrence of blockage Water leakage The leak detection and water auditing Part of O & M Costs CMC and leakage problems. and water surveys shall be conducted. The leak Basavakaly logged is M/T restoration time shall be minimized. an major problem is anticipated Cleaning of Community Social and egular cleaning of Community toilet is Part of O & M CMC Toilet hygine issue S/P quired. Designated person should be Basavakaly pointed to make clean the system an

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X. FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

1 Prioritization based on Environmental Issues

The present study is an attempt to highlight important environmental considerations undertaken in study of construction of new sewage system under NKUSIP and use finding from this study to determine the nature and focus under EIA and IEE.

Environmental indicators are developed based on the severity of negative impacts produced by the sewage improvement program. An indicator so selected has been assigned depending upon the nature and severity of externalities.

2 Environmental Screening Matrix / Results for Sewerage Work

A matrix of environmental impacts, as shown below in Table: 37 was developed from examination of potential environmental impacts and mitigation measures discussed in earlier Sections.

Table: 37 Matrix of Environmental Impacts of Proposed Works

Physical Environmental Human and Quality of Life Resources Attributes Economic Values Development

ca i or

t s l

l/Hi tation Ecology Housing ura Land Use Use Land Aesthetics Air Quality Recreation lt Topography Soil/Geology Resettlement Public Health Communities Infrastructure Ground Water Surface Water Water Surface u Transportation Flooding/Water Socio-economic Socio-economic Erosion/Sedimen Trade/Commerce Trade/Commerce C Construction                Phase Operation              Phase

Insignificant impact, no change over existing  conditions Minor short time negative impact Moderate short-term negative impact  Positive impact Significant positive impact 

As evidenced from the above matrix, the project is not expected to cause any irreversible impact on the area. However, most of the environmental impacts that are likely will occur for a short period of time during construction phase. The project upon completion would realize several positive impacts, most significant of which being the improved water supply and centralised sewerage system.

125. As evidenced from the above matrixes, the project is not expected to cause any irreversible impact on the area. However, most of the environmental impacts that are likely will occur for a short period of time during construction phase. The

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project upon completion would realize several positive impacts, most significant of which being the improved water supply and centralised sewerage system.

a. The Environmental Management Plan (EMP) along with monitoring plan should be ensured for implementation from contractor. b. Since the city does not have any sewerage system, the CMC should take appropriate action for commissioning of 12 MLD STP, water supply improvement works and Slum improvement works to promptly solve the unsanitary conditions prevailing in the city. CMC also should take adhere to solve the water works with incorporating above implementing measures.

It may be emphasized that, owning to: (i) scale of activity, (ii) location of the proposed sub-project component, and (iii) ‘no environmental sensitivity’ of the sub-project town, none of the components required to go through the process of EIA. It may be emphasized that the present IEE, which identifies potential impacts and suggests appropriate mitigation measures, is sufficient enough to safeguard the environment. There are no significant adverse impacts, which are irreversible or may lead to considerable loss/destruction of environment, envisaged. All the impacts are simple and moreover proven mitigation measures exists to minimize/mitigate the same. Hence, no further study such as an EIA is required.

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ANNEXURE

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ANNEXURE 1: RAPID ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT (REA) CHECKLISTSEWAGE TREATMENT

Instructions:

 This checklist is to be prepared to support the environmental classification of a project. It is to be attached to the environmental categorization form that is to be prepared and submitted to the Chief Compliance Officer of the Regional and Sustainable Development Department.

 This checklist is to be completed with the assistance of an Environment Specialist in a Regional Department.

 This checklist focuses on environmental issues and concerns. To ensure that social dimensions are adequately considered, refer also to ADB checklists and handbooks on (i) involuntary resettlement, (ii) indigenous peoples planning, (iii) poverty reduction, (iv) participation, and (v) gender and development.

 Answer the questions assuming the “without mitigation” case. The purpose is to identify potential impacts. Use the “remarks” section to discuss any anticipated mitigation measures.

Country/Project Title: India / North Karnataka Urban Sector Investment Program Urban Development Sector Division:

SCREENING QUESTIONS Yes No REMARKS B. PROJECT SITING

IS THE PROJECT AREA. . DENSELY POPULATED?  Town is medium densely populated area. . HEAVY WITH DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES?  Activity is all along road but not hamper any other development activity. . ADJACENT TO OR WITHIN ANY √ Proposed sewer work is not ENVIRONMENTALLY SENSITIVE AREAS? traversing any Environmentally Sensitive areas. The proposed location for STP is primarily on barren land. . Cultural heritage site √ There is no cultural heritage site traversing through pipe line. . Protected Area √ . Wetland √ . Mangrove √ . Estuarine √

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SCREENING QUESTIONS Yes No REMARKS . Buffer zone of protected area √ . Special area for protecting biodiversity √

. Bay √ A. POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS

WILL THE PROJECT CAUSE… . Impairment of historical/cultural  The project work is not monuments/areas and loss/damage to these traversing any heritage building sites? or site and even new sewer line is all along the road. There is no loss or damage of private ty also. . Interference with other utilities and blocking of  During desiltation and access to buildings; nuisance to neighboring deweeding process removal of areas due to noise, smell, and influx of insects, waste material make nuisance to rodents, etc.? the project corridor area, but mitigation measures has been addressed to mitigate the impact. . Dislocation or involuntary resettlement of  For proposed STP and one people proposed wet well land acquisition is required. Exiting land for proposed STP is predominantly barren land and for wet well is private land so there is no displacement and dislocation of settlement. . Impairment of downstream water quality due to  During desiltation and inadequate sewage treatment or release of deweeding process removal of untreated sewage? waste material make nuisance to the project corridor area, but mitigation measures has been suggested to reduce the adverse impact. After commissioning of project there will be no untreated sewage intercepts in downstream. . Overflows and flooding of neighboring ties  Detailed EMP has been worked with raw sewage? out to mitigate the adverse impact during the periodic maintenance of sewer to avoid overflowing and flooding of neighboring ties.

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SCREENING QUESTIONS Yes No REMARKS . Environmental pollution due to inadequate  As per design capacity sludge sludge disposal or industrial waste discharges has to be removed once in 3 illegally disposed in sewers? years. Sludge can be used for manure and solid waste shall be disposed in pre-identified disposal sites to avoid surface water and soil pollution. It is suggested in EMP that the CMC has to ensure that no industrial effluent will illegally get discharged to the sewer lines. . Noise and vibration due to blasting and other  It is suggested in EMP that all civil works? construction machineries used will comply with the noise standards as suggested by Central Pollution Control Board. . Discharge of hazardous materials into sewers,  The closed sewer trunk line resulting in damage to sewer system and does not allow to intercepts any danger to workers? illegal hazardous material into sewer. The EMP has ensured that CMC during desiltation and deweeding process removal of waste material make nuisance to the project corridor and project impact area, but mitigation measures required, the implementing agency would take care to prohibit the illegal hazardous materials into sewers. . Inadequate buffer zone around pumping and  Buffer zone with screens and treatment plants to alleviate noise and other landscaping is suggested to possible nuisances, and protect facilities? provide shielding such that operation of STP will not have nuisance to surroundings. . Social conflicts between construction workers  The local labour force will be from other areas and community workers? utilized by the contractor for construction activities and hence there is no possibility for social conflict regarding employment opportunities during construction phase. . Road blocking and temporary flooding due to  Road blocking and traffic re land excavation during the rainy season? routing will be required during construction stage for laying of sewer lines. Temporary flooding is not anticipated as there is no deep excavation or filling of low laying area envisaged in the project.

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SCREENING QUESTIONS Yes No REMARKS . Noise and dust from construction activities?  It is suggested in the EMP that all the construction machineries should comply with the noise standards as suggested by Central Pollution Control Board. Sprinkling of water should be done along the construction area for dust suppression. . Traffic disturbances due to construction  Traffic management with re material transport and wastes? routing of traffic during construction period is required to avoid conflict of public transport with construction material / waste transport. . Temporary silt runoff due to construction?  The construction waste water will be channeled such that it will have sufficient time to settle the solids and do not deteriorate water quality of discharging courses. . Hazards to public health due to overflow  Regular maintenances of sewer flooding, and groundwater pollution due to line have to be carried out to failure of sewerage system? avoid over flow of sewer lines and related impact of public health due to pollution. There is no possibility for groundwater pollution due to failure in sewerage system as the ground water table is very deep. . Deterioration of water quality due to  Sludge from the bottom of FAL inadequate sludge disposal or direct discharge has to be removed at regular of untreated sewage water? intervals (normally once in 2-3 years) to avoid re-suspension in the treated water and there by deteriorating treated water quality. Direct discharge of untreated sewage water is not anticipated. . Contamination of surface and ground waters  Sludge should be disposed off due to sludge disposal on land? only in pre-identified disposal sites. The sludge disposal areas should be ly lined with geosynthetic lining such that it will not leach to the nearby water courses / land and pollute environment.

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SCREENING QUESTIONS Yes No REMARKS . Health and safety hazards to workers from  Mixing of hazardous / industrial toxic gases and hazardous materials which may effluents with sewage may be contained in sewage flow and exposure to result in toxic gas formation in pathogens in sewage and sludge? sewer and STP which should be avoided through law and enforcement. The sewer cleaning and STP workers should be provided protective measures such as boots, masks etc to avoid exposure to pathogens in sewage and sludge.

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ANNEXURE 2: Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) Checklist WATER SUPPLY

Instructions:

 This checklist is to be prepared to support the environmental classification of a project. It is to be attached to the environmental categorization form that is to be prepared and submitted to the Chief Compliance Officer of the Regional and Sustainable Development Department.

 This checklist is to be completed with the assistance of an Environment Specialist in a Regional Department.

 This checklist focuses on environmental issues and concerns. To ensure that social dimensions are adequately considered, refer also to ADB checklists and handbooks on (i) involuntary resettlement, (ii) indigenous peoples planning, (iii) poverty reduction, (iv) participation, and (v) gender and development.

 Answer the questions assuming the “without mitigation” case. The purpose is to identify potential impacts. Use the “remarks” section to discuss any anticipated mitigation measures.

Country/Project Title: India / North Karnataka Urban Sector Investment Program

Sector Division: Urban Develo pment

SCREENING QUESTIONS Yes No REMARKS A. PROJECT SITING

IS THE PROJECT AREA… . DENSELY POPULATED?  It is medium densely populated

. HEAVY WITH DEVELOPMENT  Activity is all along road but not ACTIVITIES? hamper any other development activity. . ADJACENT TO OR WITHIN ANY Proposed water work is not ENVIRONMENTALLY SENSITIVE traversing any Environmentally AREAS? Sensitive areas.  CULTURAL HERITAGE SITE  There is no cultural heritage site is traversed through pipe line.  PROTECTED AREA 

 WETLAND 

 MANGROVE 

 ESTUARINE 

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SCREENING QUESTIONS Yes No REMARKS  BUFFER ZONE OF PROTECTED  AREA

 SPECIAL AREA FOR  PROTECTING BIODIVERSITY

 BAY 

B. POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS

Will the Project cause… . Pollution of raw water supply from  Existing water is augmented from upstream wastewater discharge from Chulki Nala but proposed source communities, industries, agriculture, and is from Manjra river. Pollution of soil erosion runoff? raw water supply from upstream wastewater discharge is not anticipated since, the source of raw water is flowing through rural areas. However, pollution due to soil erosion runoff is anticipated, as the river is flowing through agricultural areas. . Impairment of historical/cultural  There is no cultural heritage place monuments/areas and loss/damage to these traverse all along proposed project sites? sub components

. Hazard of land subsidence caused by  There is no ground water excessive ground water pumping? exploitation for proposed water supply sub components. . Social conflicts arising from displacement  There is no resettlement of people of communities ? required for project implementation. Hence there is no possibility for social conflict related with displacement of people. . Conflicts in abstraction of raw water for  The proposal for Basvakalyan water supply with other beneficial water CMC involves only pumping of uses for surface and ground waters? surplus water from River Manjra an impounding reservoir. This will not reduce the water availability in the river for any other uses all through the year. Unsatisfactory raw water supply (e.g.  The existing water supply is excessive pathogens or mineral supposed to continue. constituents)? . Delivery of unsafe water to distribution  Existing Mustapur Dam will be system? used for storage of water and then will supply the town.

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SCREENING QUESTIONS Yes No REMARKS . Inadequate protection of intake works or  The existing intake from Chulki wells, leading to pollution of water supply? nala does not serve the total requirement. So there is no possibility for pollution due to inadequate protection of intake works in proposed scheme. . Over pumping of ground water, leading to  There is no ground water salinization and ground subsidence? exploitation required for the proposed improvements in water supply. . Excessive algal growth in storage reservoir?  EMP has suggested to ensure the CMC that the storage reservoir will be cleaned regularly to avoid excessive algal growth. . Increase in production of sewage beyond  The proposal involves ensuring capabilities of community facilities? regular supply of 100 lpcd for the public which will not result in excess sewage production. The proposed STP for the city is designed to meet the sewage generated with 100 lpcd. . Inadequate disposal of sludge from water  EMP has suggested that CMC has treatment plants? to ensure that the sludge is removed from water treatment plants regularly to meet standards of treated water. . Inadequate buffer zone around pumping and  Sufficient buffer zone / noise treatment plants to alleviate noise and other barrier is to be developed around possible nuisances and protect facilities? pumping station to alleviate noise.

. Impairments associated with transmission  Temporary impairments are lines and access roads? anticipated along the new transmission line routes during construction stage. No new access roads are proposed. . Health hazards arising from inadequate  All precautionary measured are to design of facilities for receiving, storing, be adhered in construction and and handling of chlorine and other post construction period hazardous chemicals.

. Health and safety hazards to workers from  All safety measured are to be the management of chlorine used for ensured as per standard during disinfection and other contaminants? intake water from Manjra river and ultimately stored in Mustapur dam. There is no chlorination or treatment is involved during operation period. . Dislocation or involuntary resettlement of  There is no resettlement of people people for project implementation.

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SCREENING QUESTIONS Yes No REMARKS . Social conflicts between construction  The contractor will be utilizing the workers from other areas and community local labour force so there is no workers? possibility for social conflict regarding employment opportunities during construction stage. . Noise and dust from construction activities?  All the construction machineries employed have to comply with noise emission standards suggested by Central Pollution Control Board. Dust generation shall be suppressed with sprinkling of water along the construction area. . Increased road traffic due to interference of  The construction material construction activities? transport will increase traffic within city. traffic management will have to be implemented to avoid conflict between public transport and construction material transport. . Continuing soil erosion/silt runoff from  The construction debris / excess construction operations? soil generated at construction sites should be properly disposed to avoid erosion. . Delivery of unsafe water due to poor O&M  EMP has suggested ensuring the treatment processes (especially mud implementing agency, CMC to accumulations in filters) and inadequate address all issues. chlorination due to lack of adequate monitoring of chlorine residuals in distribution systems?

. Delivery of water to distribution system,  All safety measured are adhered in which is corrosive due to inadequate EMP and CMC has to ensure to attention to feeding of corrective chemicals? implement that.

. Accidental leakage of chlorine gas?  Safety measured are to be taken care of. . Excessive abstraction of water affecting  The present proposal involves downstream water users? abstraction of water from River Manjra hence drawing of water will not have any impact on downstream water users. . Competing uses of water?  The present proposal involves abstraction of water from River Manjra which will substantiate the present demand.

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SCREENING QUESTIONS Yes No REMARKS . Increased sewage flow due to increased  The proposal is for ensuring water supply regular water supply of 100 lpcd for the public which will result in increased sewage generation. The proposed STP for the city is designed to meet the sewage generated with 100 lpcd. . Increased volume of sullage (wastewater  The proposed STP for the city is from cooking and washing) and sludge from designed to meet the sullage wastewater treatment plant generated due to the project. The disposal of Sludge shall be disposed of in safe place by implementing agency CMC

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