THE BEAR ESSENTIALS: A Survey of Captive American Black Bears In Ontario JULY 1999 Prepared by MARILYN COLE, B.Sc., M.E.S. For ZOOCHECK CANADA 2646 St. Clair Avenue East Toronto, Ontario (Canada) M4B 3M1 Ph (416) 285-1744 Fax (416) 285-4670 Email:
[email protected] Web: www.zoocheck.com TABLE OF CONTENTS Foreword 1 Chapter 1 Introduction 3 Methodology 3 Natural history of the American black bear 4 Standards for keeping bears in captivity 5 Behavioural enrichment for captive bears 6 Chapter 2 Survey of Facilities 9 Illustration 1: Ontario facilities with American black bears 9 African Lion Safari 10 Aspen Valley Wildlife Sanctuary 14 Bear Creek Exotic Wildlife Sanctuary 18 Bear With Us 22 Bergeron’s Exotic Animal Sanctuary 26 Canadian Wildlife Experience 29 Earlton Zoo 32 Greenview Aviaries, Park and Zoo 35 Jungle Cat World 37 The Killman Zoo 38 Lazy Acre Farm 40 Lickety-Split Ranch “The Zoo” 42 Marineland of Canada 44 Northwood Buffalo and Exotic Animal Ranch 48 Papanack Park Zoo 51 Springwater Provincial Park 54 Spruce Haven Zoo 57 Chapter 3 Rating and Classification 61 Table 1: General rating of facilities 62 Chapter 4 Discussion and Conclusions 63 About the Author 67 Bibliography 69 FOREWORD The American black bear (Ursus americanus) is the most abundant bear species in North America. Inhabiting a variety of forest environments, American black bears are familiar to rural residents and outdoor enthusiasts alike. They are also well-known to zoo visitors. In Ontario, a little more than twenty years ago, black bears, and other animals, were regular attractions at numerous gift stores and gas stations throughout the province.