DONALD E. HAHN (ndangnrod and lhrBBf BDBd lmphibiaHD&Ild°fBlttlrB& RY in fhB Unif Bd Sf al 86

COMPILED BY

Ray E. Ashton, Jr., Chairman

1973-74 SSAR Liaison Committee

to Regional Societies

EDITED BY

Stephen R. Edwards

and

George R. Pisani

Published by the society for the study of amphibians and reptiles f LIAISON COMMITTEE MEMBERS

1973-74

Joseph T. Collins Ray E, Ashton, Jr, Museum of Natural History Chairman, SSAR Liaison Committee University of Kansas Museum of Natura 1 History>' Lawrence, Kansas 66045 University of Kansas Lawrence, Kansas 66045 Robert A. Thomas Dept, of Wildlife and Fisheries Science Stanley Dyrkacz Texas A&.M University 3012 Walnut Drive College Station, Texas 77843 Wonder Lake, Illinois 66097

Robert Tuck Barbara Froom Iranian National Museum 8 Preston Place Tehran, Iran Toronto 12, Ontario Canada Malvin L. Skaroff 1555 Pratt Street Michael Long Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19124 206-G S, Electric Avenue Alhambra, California 91801 Arden Brame, Jr, Eaton Canyon Nature Center John S, Applegarth 1705 N, Altadena Drive P, O. Box 91 Pasadena, California 91107 Durango, Colorado 81301

''Current ad.dress: Department of Interpretation The Florida State ~useum University of Florida Gainesville, Florida 32601 ENDANGERED AND THREATENED AMPHIBIANS AND REPTILES

IN THE UNITED STATES

COMPILED BY

Ray E. Ashton, Jr., Chairman

1973-74 SSAR Liaison Committee

to Regional Societies

EDITED BY

Stephen R. Edwards

and

George R. Pisani

Published by the society for the study of amphibians and repti les ..

Copyright~ 1976 Published by the society for the study of amphibians and reptiles

ii EDITORIAL NOTE

This publication represents a unique accomplishment among the various disciplines in vertebrate biology, We believe that it will be of great utility to a diverse community needing information on endangered, threatened, or rare forms of amphibians and reptiles, Simultaneously, we wish to emphasize the dynamic nature of this report, The inclusion of an animal in this report is a function of several factors, Briefly, these are: 1) the willingness of persons directly familiar with a state's herpetofauna to serve as contributors; 2) the availability of published data on state herpetofaunas; 3) the opportunity for each contributor to review his state-section after a draft was prepared; 4) a second review of state accounts by two authorities in each of five geographic regions in the U.S.; and, 5) our editorial reconciliation of any strong differences of opinion between contributor and regional reviewer, We believe (and hope) that specialists in the herpetological community with unique knowledge of the status of these and other taxa should contribute their opinions, To this end, an updating process, described in the Preface, exists. In addition, we have provided a species status sheet (pp, 64-65) which readers may duplicate to facilitate uniform response following the instructions to the contri­ butors (pp, 1-2). Decisions regarding the percent of an animal's range in which it was endangered or threatened were made using range maps in Conant's Field Guide to Arrrphibians and Reptiles of Eastern and Central North Alnerica (1975. Houghton Mifflin Co,, Boston, 429 pp,) and Stebbins' Field Guide to Western Arrrphibians and Reptiles (1966. Houghton Mifflin Co., Boston, 279 pp,), Common names were also checked with these two publications, Should a revised "Common Names Checklist" be_JJublished before an update of this publication, it will become the standard for reference, Many persons helped us in the final preparation of this report, We would like to express our sincere thanks to the regional reviewers (whose anonymity is here preserved), and to Joseph T. Collins, Alan Savitsky, and Jaime Villa for their review of general form and content, Special thanks are reserved for Sally Cool for her patient efforts in typing the final copy for this publication,

iii PREFACE

This Endangered and Threatened Amphibians and' Reptiles in the United States: Status by State was initiated in 1972 as a joint project of the Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles Liaison Committee and numerous regional herpetological societies across the United States. Through the efforts of the Liaison Committee and members of the regional societies, those herpetologists most familiar with the status of U.S. amphibians and reptiles were asked to contribute data; more than 75 individuals and committees responded with the needed information. This "Status Report" is designed to provide information to state legislatures, conservation departments, and agencies charged with the protection of threatened or endangered species. It should also prove useful to agencies and organizations developing environmental impact statements or those which are responsible for evaluating such statements. The information presented in the "Status Report" represents only a portion of the data collected; specific localities, particular legal problems, and bibliographic material were collected for most species. Much of this had to be deleted for brevity and, in certain cases to avoid revealing information which might lead to purposeful destruction of habitat or increased collection pressure on a particular species. These data are available directly from the contributors or Ray Ashton, compiler. It will be provided to state or federal agencies or individuals at the cost of duplication and mailing. The compiler wishes to express his appreciation to the 1973 and 1974 Liaison Committee members, the contributors, and especially to Joseph T. Collins, R. Bruce Bury, Howard Campbell, C. J. McCoy, Cathy Dwigans, Rose Etta Kurtz, and Philip S. Humphrey for their assistance in the preparation of this report. The Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles charged the Conservation Committee with coordinating and managing continual up-dating of this report. This Committee will make information available to those who can use it to enhance the survival of rare, threatened, and endangered species. The SSAR invites anyone who wishes to contribute to use copies of the specie9 status sheet on pages 64-65 for supplying information [send to: Ray E. Ash­ ton/ Florida State Museum/ University of Florida/ Gainesville, Florida/ 32611. This additional information will be kept on file and used to up-date existing reports. An up-dated status report will be published in two years.

iv TABLE OF CONTENTS

Editorial Note ...... iii

Preface ...... 0 ••••••• iv

Table of Contents ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• V Procedure ...... 1 Compiler's CoTI1II1ents ...... ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 3 Contributors by State ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 5 Species Stacus by State

Alabama , •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• , •••••••••• , ••••••••• 9 Arizona •••••••••••••••• ., .••••••••••••••••••• • • • • • • • • ...... • •••••.•••• 10 Arkansas •••••••••••••••••••••.•••••••••••••••••.••••••••••••••••••••• 12 California•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••"••••••••••••••••••••••• 12 Colorado ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 14 Connecticut •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 15 Delaware •••••••••••• •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••o••••••• 16 Florida •••••••••••••••••• , ••• , •••••••••••••••• , , • , , • , ••• , •••• , ••••••• 17 Georgia .• "' ...... "' "' •••.••••••••••••• 20 Idaho •••••• , , •• , ••• , • , •••• , •• , , , •••••••••••• • • • , , • •••• , •• , • • • •, ••• , , , 21 I 11 ino is •••••• , , • , , ••••••••••••••••••• , •••••••••••• , ••••• , ••••••• , , , , 21 Indiana •••••••••••••••••.•••.••.••••••••••• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •. 23 Iowa •••••••••••• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 24

Kansas ••••••••••••••.•••••••••••••••••• fl •• ...... fl •••• fl. 25 Kentucky ••••••••••••••••••••..••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 27 Louisiana •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• •• •••••••••••.• •• ••• 28

Maine ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• fl •••••••••••••••••• 29 Maryland •• , • , , , •• , • , ••••• , ••• , • , , • , • , , • , •••••• , , • , •• , • , •••••• , •••• , •• 30 Massachusetts ...... 31 Michigan •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••.••••••••••••••••••• ., . 31 Minnesota ...... 32 Mississippi ...... 33

Missouri ...... fl •••••••••••••••••••••••• 35 Montana ...... 36 Nebraska ...... 37 Nevada ...... 37 New Hampshire •• , ••••••• , , , • , , ••••••• , , •• , •••••••••••••••••••• , ••••• , • 38 New Jersey • , , • ••,.,, .. , .. ,.,. ••., ••••• , •••• , • • • .. • .. ,, • •, •, • • •,, ... ,, 38 New Mexico •••••••••••••••.••••••••.••••••••••••.•••••••••••••.•••••.• 39 New York •••• , •••••••••••••••••••••••••••• , ••••••••••• , •••• , •• , • , ••• , • 41 North Caro 1 ina ••••••.••••..••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••.•.•..•••••• 42 North Dakota ••••• , , •••• , ••••••••••••• , • , • , • , • , •• , ••• , , •••••••••••••• , 43 Ohio ••••• , , , •• , , • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 44 Oklahoma • , , ••••••••••• , •••••••• , , • , •••• , •••• , •••••••• , • , , •••••••••••• 45 Pennsylvania ...... , • , ...... , , ... , ...... , , •• , •• 47 Rhode Is land ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• , •• , •••••••••••••••••• 48 Sou th Caro 1 ina ••• , •• , •• , ••••• , ••••• , •••••• , • , • , • , •••••• , • , ••••• , •• , •• 48 South Dakota •••••• , •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• , • 49 Tennessee ...... • • • • • • • • • • •. • • • • • •. • • • • •. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 50 Texas ••••••••••• o •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 50 Utah • , ••••• , •••• , • , ••••••• , •• , , •••••••• , • , ••••••••••••••• , •• , , , • , •••• 52 Virginia •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• •. • ••••.••••••••••••••••• 53 Washington •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••P••••••••••••••••••••• 54 West Virginia ...... 55 Wisconsin .•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• •• ...... 55 Table I: Nationally Threatened Amphibians and Reptiles ••••••••••••••••••• 57 Table II: Nationally Endangered Amphibians and Reptiles •••••••••••••••••• 61 Species Status Sheet--For Updating•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 64

V

PROCEDURE

Potential contributors to this report were recommended by regional societies, people who have studied certain key threatened and endangered species, and by Roger Conant, C. J. McCoy, Joseph T. Collins, William E. Duellman, Robert Mount, George R. Pisani, Malvin Skaroff and numerous others. Contributors were sent a packet of materials that included the following:

Instructions To Contributors: A. Species selected for consideration and the categories they will be placed into should be based on as much data as possible. B. More than one species status category or recommended means of protection can be cited. C. Include as much information as possible on each species. If a state, federal, or other agency requests this information, we will supply it and/or refer them to you. Locality information will not be released to private or commercial collectors nor will it appear in the publication. D. Although not required, it is desirable that literature sources and collections that were checked be cited. E. If a committee is working on the project, please list the members' names and designate the chairman (include his/her address). Status Categories: A. Endangered--A species or subspecies that has become reduced in numbers throughout its range (or has had its habitat reduced) to such a point that reproductive populations are extremely small or vulnerable to extirpation. Without full protection throughout its range, the species could be extirpated within the next ten to twenty-five years. Also, a species or subspecies is considered endangered within a state's boundaries if it is vulnerable to extirpation due to present trends in land or watershed use within the state. NOTE: Those species or subspecies that are cited as "endangered" in states encompassing more than 75% of their range are denoted by an "'"' in this report. All such species or subspecies are listed in Table 1, p. 57. B. Threatened--A species or subspecies that is represented in only a limited part of what was once its total range, with reduced populations due to habitat destruction or poor state or federal management. These species or subspecies that have been cited as "threatened" in states encompassing 75% of their range are denoted by a

11# 11 in this report. All such species or subspecies are listed in Table II, P• 61. C. Peripheral--Those species or subspecies that reach the edge of their range in a state. D. Rare--Those species that are considered rare throughout the state or are found in environmental conditions disjunct from the normal geographic range of the species, E. Extirpated--Those species or subspecies that have become extinct in a state or for which there have been no verified specimens observed or collected for twenty-five years. Current Problems: The contributors were asked to identify and comment specifically on particular problems, if any, that a species is facing within its range. From this information, the problems were broken down into four major categories: 1. Habitat Destruction (abbreviated as Hab. Dest. in report)-- from the information collected, the type of habitat destruction contributing to the current status of a species can be categorized as follows (NOTE: The letter preceding each category is used to designate the type of habitat destruction affecting the species in this report): A. Agricultural usage B. Urbanization, road building, etc. C, Manipulation of aquatic habitat (i.e.: draining, channelization, damming, development of shoreline, etc,). D. Lumber operation, mining, industrial land use E. Pollution, pesticide usage 2. Commercially Exploited (abbreviated as Com. Exp. in report)-- collecting for market (i.e.: hides, meat, pet trade), sport, and general harassment. 3. Population(s) Stable (cited as Stable in report)-- species has a very restricted range within which it presently shows no alarming decline in numbers. 4. Unknown Recommendations: The contributors were asked to recommend methods that would be most effective in conserving each species considered. These recommendations are (NOTE: The letter preceding each statement is used to designate the appropriate recommendation(s) in the report): A. Total protection as outlined by the U. s. Threatened and Endangered Species Act of 1973. B. Total protection of a species and its required habitat by state statutes. c. Regulation of collection of the species via bag or possession limits, collecting season. o. Protection of breeding sites or endemic populations by developing public or private sanctuaries or preserves. E. Consideration of a species' habitat requirements when developing land or watershed and what impact such development will have on existing populations. F. A species that should be monitored within the state and if current trends of land use or habitat destruction continue, one of the above criteria should be enacted. G. Limiting the types of agricultural practices (such as clearing, burning or pesticides) or other land use where a rare or endangered species population exists. States Not Included: Alaska, Vermont, Hawaii, Oregon and Wyoming are not considered in this report because qualified experts could not be located to supply the requisite information. Persons thoroughly acquainted with the herpetofauna of these areas are invited to contribute.

2 ...----

COMPILER'S COMMENTS ON THE PROBLEMS OF THREATENED AND ENDANGERED SPECIES OF AMPHIBIANS AND REPTILES

Several major considerations have been raised during the preparation of this report which I feel should be briefly discussed. The comments are my own and do not necessarily reflect the policies or convictions of the Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles or the contributors to the report. From the simple fact that we continue to add annually to the list of endangered species, it can be inferred that real environmental education is lacking in our society. Real education is not just the learning of facts but the ability to use and evaluate information so that judgements can be made. In this case, we have failed as a modern society to educate ourselves about the natural environment in a way that will permit us to make judgements that are not solely based on monetary value or our material needs. Only very recently have we taken any cognizance of the "value" of nature. The plight of so many, in fact the majority, of species listed in this report indicate this concern may well be too little or too late. It is important that we educate those in authority today about the value of the environment and it is essential that we place a priority on educating ·the youth of today so they may make better environmental judgements tomorrow. A great majority of species listed in this report have had their ranges vastly reduced due to the reduction of natural habitat. Often, the reduction of one particular type of habitat will reduce numerous species to a threatened or endangered status. Such is true of those species that inhabit the Wire Grass-Long Needle Pine community of the southeastern United States, These areas are being clear-cut and then replaced by monoculture, hybrid forests that prove to be a virtual desert as far as many of the native reptiles and amphibians are concerned. Water manipulation projects are possibly the most ravaging type of habitat destruction, Draining of wetlands, flood control projects and hydro-electric gener­ ation projects have taken a great toll on the natural environment. Many of these projects such as stream channelization have proved to be of dubious value in solving the problem for which they were undertaken--yet they are still used. If the environment is to be saved, at least in part, society will need to take a more cautious approach to such projects. Probably the most wasteful reason to reduce a species to threatened or endangered status is the inordinate collection or persecution of that species. Many reptiles are collected for their hides and the leathers are used to make articles of wearing apparel that have only a contrived value. Other species have been deemed dangerous to man and are destroyed no matter where they are found and by any means. Such an approach contributes to the thrills of such things as the "he-man" sport of rattlesnake roundups which not only destroy countless rattlesnakes but their natural habitat and valuable, harmless species as well. As a point that reflects back to my comment on education and values, these roundups are often sponsored by responsible, charitable community organizations.

3 I do not feel that it is wise or fair to say that every existing natural environment is sacred and that man should ignore his needs--real needs--for the sake of conservation, I do feel that we must do more to evaluate our uses of the environment and the methods we use in making our environmental decisions, or perhaps what natural environment remains will be a poor representation of what was here originally. If we are to be successful in protecting those species that are already in serious trouble we will need to identify them and find out more about their particular needs. After they have been identified, and we have sufficient knowledge of their ecological needs, effective state and federal legislation will be required to provide appropriate protection. Some species will need habitat protection, others will require collection controls, some will need management, and still others will require monitoring so that they are not permitted to be reduced dangerously in range or population size. Once laws are passed, they should be vigorously enforced, particu­ larly at the state level. If we are to do this thoroughly and completely, it will require not only the expertise of a few governmental employees at the state and federal levels, but will continuously require the assistance of all facets of the herpetological community. Often the question is asked ''Why worry about endangered species? Extinction is a natural phenomenon and has occurred throughout time," Briefly, I would like to comment, First, extinction of species today is different than in the past. Extinction today is a direct result of the rapid changes made in the environment through man's unnatural efforts. It is caused by the inability of species to change rapidly enough to keep pace with those artificial changes and does not reflect on the ability of a species to survive in the natural environment. This causes extinction to come about randomly and often causes extinction to occur in species that were highly successful as well as those that may have soon become extinct anyway. Man can only speculate about which species would naturally die out and which would remain or become successful and perhaps produce new species, Without having the "crystal ball to destiny" man must assume a moral responsi­ bility for what is done to the natural environment and those species that reside there. We do not know how much artificial change can be tolerated, converting the natural environment into man's artificial one, until the changes become too great for even man to bear, Who knows--man's adaptation to the environment, his technology, may not adapt fast enough and man himself may become an endangered species.

4 CONTRIBUTORS BY STATE

ALABAMA GEORGIA

Robert Mount Charles Wharton Department of Zoology & Entomology Department of Biology Auburn University Georgia State University Auburn, Alabama 36830 Atlanta, Georgia 30303

ARIZONA IDAHO Michael Robinson R, L. Wallace Dept. of Biological Sciences Department of Biological Sciences University of Arizona University of Idaho Tucson, Arizona 85721 Moscow, Idaho 83843 ARKANSAS ILLINOIS Max A. Nickerson Milwaukee Public Museum Stanley Dyrkacz, President 800 West Wells Street Chicago Herpetological Society Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53233 3012 Walnut Drive Wonder Lake, Illinois 60097 CALIFORNIA Review Committee: R, Bruce Bury National Fish & Wildlife Laboratories Michael J. Corn National Museum of Natural History College of Lake County, Illinois Washington, D. C. 20560 Ed Lace COLORADO Sand Ridge Nature Center C. O. Counts Colorado Herpetological Society Ray Pawley 10699 E, 12th Avenue Brookfield Zoo Aurora, Colorado 80010 Philip W. Smith CONNECTICUT Illinois Natural History Survey Stephen R. Kegler Connecticut Herpetological Society Gordon Thurow Department of Biology Western Illinois University University of Connecticut Storrs, Connecticut 06268 Terry L. Vandeventer Matteon, Illinois DELAWARE

Rudolph G. Arndt Harlan D. Walley Faculty of Natural Sciences & Math Northern Illinois University Stockton State College Pomona, New Jersey 08240 INDIANA FLORIDA Sherman Minton Indiana University Medical Center Stephen P. Christman Indianapolis, Indiana 46202 Department of Natural Science Florida State Museum Gainesville, Florida 32601 IOWA

Roy w. McDiarmid James L. Christiansen D2partment of Biology Biology Department University of South Florida Drake University Tampa, Florida 33620 5 Des Moines, Iowa 50311 KANSAS MARYLAND (Cont.) Ray E. Ashton, Jr. Florida State Museum Jerry D. Hardy, Jr. University of Florida Chesapeake Biological Laboratory Gainesville, Florida 32601 Herbert S. Harris, Jr. Joseph T. Collins Natural History Society of Maryland Museum of Natural History University of Kansas David S. Lee Lawrence, Kansas 66045 Natural History Society of Maryland

Peter Wemple KENTUCKY Maryland Herpetological Society Joseph T. Collins Robert G. Tuck, ex officio Museum of Natural History Maryland Herpetological Society University of Kansas Lawrence, Kansas 66045 MASSACHUSETTS Kentucky Herpetological Society Southern Baptist Theological Seminary Terry E, Graham 2825 Lexington Road Department of Biology Louisville, Kentucky 40206 Worcester College 486 Chandler Street Worcester, Massachusetts 01602 WUISIANA

Harold A, Dundee MICHIGAN Department of Biology Tulane University M, M, Hensley New Orleans, Louisiana 70118 Department of Zoology Michigan State University Douglas A, Rossman East Lansing, Michigan 48824 Museum of Zoology Louisiana State University D. W. Tinkle Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 Museum of Zoology University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Michigan 48104 MAINE

Terry E. Graham MINNESOTA Department of Biology Worcester State College w. J, Breckenridge 486 Chandler Street James Ford Bell Museum of Natural Worcester, Maine 01602 History University of Minnesota Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455 MARYLAND

Maryland Herpetological Society MISSISSIPPI Committee on Rare and Endangered Amphibians and Reptiles of Maryland J. William Cliburn, Chairman John E. Cooper, Chairman (Reptiles and Amphibians) Director of Research and Collections Mississippi Endangered Species Com- North Carolina State Museum of mittee Natural History Department of Biology Box 27647 University of Southern Mississippi Raleigh, North Carolina 27611 Southern Station Box 227 Hattiesburg, Mississippi 39401

Committee Members: MISSOURI Richard Franz Florida State Museum Max A, Nickerson Milwaukee Public Museum Frank Groves 800 West Wells Street Baltimore Zoo 6 Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53233 MONTANA NEW YORK

Jeffrey H. Black F. Harvey Pough Department of Biology Section of Ecology and Systematics Oklahoma Baptist University Langmuir Laboratory Shawnee, Oklahoma 74801 Cornell University Ithaca, New York 14850 Richard Timken Bureau of Land Management NORTH CAROLINA Building 50, Denver Service Center Denver, Colorado 80225 William M. Palmer North Carolina State Museum of Natural NEBRASKA History Raleigh, North Carolina 27611 John D. Lynch School of Life Sciences University of Nebraska NORTH DAKOTA Lincoln, Nebraska 68508 Richard Timken ~ Bureau of Land Management Building 50 Michael Robinson Denver Service Center Department of Biological Sciences Denver, Colorado 80225 University of Arizona Tucson, Arizona 85721 OHIO Wilmer Tanner Ray E. Ashton, Jr. Life Sciences Museum Florida State Museum Brigham Young University University of Florida Provo, Utah 84601 Gainesville, Florida 32601 NEW HAMPSHIRE Ralph A. Pfingsten John Marshall High School Terry E, Graham 3952 West 140 Department of Biology Cleveland, Ohio 44111 Worcester State College Worcester, Maine 06102 OKLAHOMA NEW JERSEY Jeffrey H, Black James D, Anderson 1 Department of Biology Newark Campus, Rutgers University Oklahoma Baptist University Shawnee, Oklahoma 74801 Irving H. Black Newark Museum PENNSYLVANIA

Roger Conant A. J. Barton Philadelphia Zoological Garden National Science Foundation SOP/W-646 Kenneth Cosner Washington, D. C, 20550 Newark Museum Clarence .J. McCoy NEW MEXICO Carnegie Museum of Natural History 4400 Forbes Avenue Craig B, Jones Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213 New Mexico Herpetological Society Department of Biology James A, Weaver University of New Mexico 136 Edgehill Avenue Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106 West Grove, Pennsylvania 19390

1Rare or Endangered Fish and Wildlife of New Jersey, Science Notes No. 4, New .Jersey State Museum, Trenton, New .Jersey 08625,

7 RHODE ISLAND UTAH (Cont.) C. Robert Shoop Department of Zoology Wilmer Tanner University of Rhode Island Life Sciences Museum Kingston, Rhode Island 02881 Brigham Young University Provo, Utah 84601 SOUTH CAROLINA VIRGINIA Julian R. Harrison The Charleston Museum Franklin J. Tobey, Jr. 121 Rutledge Avenue Virginia Herpetological Society Charleston, South Carolina 29401 P. O. Box 1376 Albert E. Sanders Leesburg, Virginia 22075 The Charleston Museum 121 Rutledge Avenue WASHINGTON Charleston, South Carolina 29401 K. Kardong SOUTH DAKOTA Department of Zoology Washington State University Richard Timken Pullman, Washington 99163 Bureau of Land Management Building 50, Denver Service Center John Larsen Denver, Colorado 80225 Department of Zoology Washington State University TENNESSEE ,Pullman, Washington 99163

David H. Snyder WEST VIRGINIA Department of Biology Austin Peay State University N. Bayard Green Clarksville, Tennessee 37040 Department of Biology Marshall University TEXAS Huntington, West Virginia 25701 Robert A. Thomas Texas Herpetological Society WISCONSIN Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Science Max A. Nickerson Texas A&M University Vertebrate Division College Station, Texas 77843 Milwaukee Public Museum 800 West Wells Street UTAH Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53233 James L. Glenn Utah Herpetologists League Richard Vogt Venom Research Laboratory Department of Zoology Veterans Administration Hospital University of Wisconsin Salt Lake City, Utah 84113 Madison, Wisconsin 53706

8 A LABA MA 9

Current Current Recornmen- Status Species Problem Protection dation

AMPHIBIANS

Endangered Ambystoma cingulatum Hab. Dest, None B,D (Flatwoods Salamander) (A,D)

Threatened Cryptobranchus a. alleganiensis Hab, Dest. None D,E,G (Eastern Hellbender) (C)

Phaeognathus hubrichti # Hab. Dest. None A (Red Hills Salamander) (A,D)

Rana areolata sevosa Hab, Dest, None B (Dusky Crawfish Frog) (A,C)

Rare Desmognathus aeneus Hab, Dest, None D,E (Cherokee Salamander) (A,C ,D)

Gyrinophilus palleucus# Hab, Dest, None C,E,G (Tennessee Cave Salamander) (C)

Rana heckscheri Stable None B (River Frog)

Peripheral Plethodon cinereus polycentratus Stable None E,G (Georgia Redbacked Salamander)

Siren lacertina Hab. Dest, None D,E,G (Greater Siren) (C)

Limnaoedus ocularis Stable None D,F (Little Grass Frog)

REPTILES

Endangered Alligator mississippiensis ,., Hab. Dest. Federal A,D (American Alligator) (C) Law Com. Exp,

Caretta c. caretta Com. Exp, None A (A~lantic Loggerhead)

Chelonia m. ·mydas " Com. Exp, None A (Atlantic Green Turtle) ·k Dermochelys c. coriacea Corn. Exp, Federal A (Atlantic Leatherback) Law

··}:; Eretmochelys i. imbricata Com, Exp, Federal A (Atlantic Hawksbill) Law

Lepidochelys kempi -·~ Com, Exp, Federal A (Atlantic Ridley) Law ------#Species considered threatened in states encompassing more than 75% of its range; cited as Threatened Nationally in Table I, p, 57, "'species considered endangered in states encompassing more than 75% of its rapge; cited as Endangered Nationally in Table II, p, 61, 10 ALABAMA (Continued)

Current Current Recommen­ Status Species Problem Protection dation

Threatened Chrysemys alaharnensis# Hab. Dest. None A,D (Alabama Red-bellied Turtle) (E) Com. Exp. Gopherus polyphemu? Hab. Dest. None C,D,E (Gopher Tortoise) (A,D) Com. Exp.

Graptemys barbouri# Stable None E (Barbour's Map Turtle)

Sternotherus minor depressus# Hab. Dest. None A (Flattened Mud Turtle) (C,D) ·k Drymarchon corais couperi Hab. Dest. None B,D,E,F (Eastern Indigo Snake) (A) Com. Exp.

Pituophis melanoleucus lodingi# Hab. Dest. None A,D (Black Pine Snake) (A,D) Com. Exp.

Rare Pituophis melanoleucus mugitis Hab. Dest. None B,D,E (Florida Pine Snake) (A) Com. Exp.

Rhadinaea flavilata Hab. Dest. None D,E,F (Yellow-lipped Snake) (A, D)

Peripheral Trionyx ferox Stable None D,F,G (Florida Softshell)

Larnpropeltis triangulum ela:psoides Hab. Dest. None B,C,D,E, (Scarlet King Snake) (A) G Com. Exp.

Larnpropeltis triangulum syspila Hab. Dest. None B,C,D,E, (Red Milk Snake) (A) G Com. Exp.

Lampropeltis triangulum triangulum Hab. Dest. None B,C,D,E, (Eastern Milk Snake) (A) G Com. Exp.

Natrix cyclopion floridana Hab. Dest, None E,F (Florida Green Watersnake) (C)

Seminatrix p. pygaea Stable None D,E,F (North Florida Black Swamp Snake)

ARIZONA

AMPHIBIANS

Endangered Hyla wrightorum " Hab. Dest. None D,E,F (Extir­ (Arizona Treefrog) (B: military pated?) activity) A R I Z O N A (Continued) 11 Current Current Recommen­ Status Species Problem Protection dation

Threatened Rana tarahwnarae# Hab. Dest. Federal C,D,E (Tarahumara Frog) (A,D) Land (only one locality)

Peripheral Ambystoma tigrinwn stebbensi Hab. Dest, None C,E,F (Sonora Tiger Salamander) (C)

Bufo debiZis insidior Hab. Dest. None E,F,G (Western Green Toad) (A)

Stable None E,F Bufo retiformis (Sonoran Green Toad)

HaZactophryne augusti Stable None E,F (Western Barking Frog)

PternohyZa fodiens Stable None E,F (Burrowing Tree Frog)

REPTILES

Threatened CrotaZus Zepidus kZauberi -1, Com. Exp, State C,F (Banded Rock Rattlesnake) Law

CrotaZus w. wiZZardi# Com, Exp. State C,F (Arizona Ridge-nosed Rattlesnake) Law

Peripheral Cnemidophorus burti xanthanotus Stable None E,F (Red-backed Whiptail)

Ewneces ski Ztonianus Stable None E,F (Western Skink)

SceZoporus virgatus Stable None E,F (Striped Plateau Lizard)

Uma scopa1'ia Stable None F (Mojave Fringe-toed Lizard)

CoZuber constrictor mormon Unknown None F (Western Racer)

EZaphe triaspis Com. Exp. None B,C ,E,F (Green Ratsnake)

Ficimia quadranguZaris Unknown None F (Desert Hook-nosed Snake)

Lamprope Ztis trianguZwn tayZori Hab. Dest. None F (Utah Milksnake) (A)

OxybeZis a. aeneus Hab. Dest. None C,F (Mexican Vine Snake) (A) 12 ARIZONA (Continued) Current Current Recommen- Status Species Problem Protection dation

Peripheral SistrUI'Us catenatus edwardsi Hab, Dest. None C,F (Desert Massasauga) (A) Com, Exp.

Tantilla wilcoxi Unknown None F (Huachuca Black-headed Snake)

ARKANSAS

AMPHIBIANS

Threatened Cryptobranchus alleganiensis bishopi Hab, Dest. None C,D,E,F, (Ozark Hellbender) (A) G Com, Exp,

Rare Ambystoma talpoideum Hab. Dest. None C,D,E,F, (Mole Salamander) (A) G

Desmognathus fuscus conanti Hab. Dest. None C,D,E,F, (Spotted Dusky Salamander) (A) G

Rana areolata circulosa Stable None C,D,E,F, (Northern Crawfish Frog) G

# Peripheral Eurycea tynerensis Hab. Dest. None C,D,E,F (Oklahoma Salamander) (A,B)

Bufo valliceps Stable None C,D,E,F, (Gulf Coast Toad) G

Rana sylvatica Stable None C,D,E,F (Wood Frog)

REPTILES

Endangered Alligator mississippiensis ,', Hab. Dest. Federal & B (American alligator) (C) State Law Com. Exp.

Peripheral Phrynosoma cornutum Unknown None C,D,E,F (Texas Horned Lizard)

Pituophis melanoleucus sayi Stable None C,D,E (Bull snake)

Regina septemvittata Hab. Dest. None C,D,E,F (Queen Snake) (C)

C ALIFORN I A

AMPHIBIANS ·k Endangered Ambystoma macrodactylum croceum Hab, Dest. Federal & A,B,D (Santa Cruz Long-toed Salamander) (A,B) State Law C A L I F O R N I A (Continued) 13

Current Current Recommen­ Status Species Problem Protection dation

•-k Endangered Batrachoseps aridus Stable Federal & A,B,C,D (Desert Slender Salamander) State Law

Batrachoseps simatus * Hab. Dest. State A,B,C (Kern Canyon Slender Salamander) (B) Law

·k Batrachoseps stebbinsi Hab. Dest. State A,B,C,D (Tehachapi Slender Sal'amander) (A) Law

Hydromantes b~nus " Hab. Dest. State A,B,C (Limestone Salamander) (D) Law

Bufo exsu l ,., Hab. Dest. State A,B,C,D (Black Toad) (A,C) Law

Threatened Ambystoma tigrinwn californiense # Hab. Dest. State B,E,F (California Tiger Salamander) (B,C) Law

Hydromantes shastae # Stable State A,B,C,D (Shasta Salamander) Law

Plethodon stormi # Hab. Dest. State B (Siskiyou Mountain Salamander) (D) Law

REPTILES

·k Endangered Crotaphytus silus Hab. Dest. Federal & A,B,D (Blunt-nosed Leopard Lizard) (A,B,D) State Law

·k Masticophis flagellum ruddocki Hab. Dest. State A,B,D (San Joaquin Whipsnake) (A,B) Law

Thamnophis sirtalis tetrataenia '' Hab. Dest. Federal & A,B,D (San Francisco Garter Snake) (B) State Law Com. Exp.

Threatened Gopherus agass~z~ Hab. Dest. State A,B,D (Desert Tortoise) (A) Law Com. Exp.

Anniella pulchra # Hab. Dest. State A,B,D (California Legless Lizard) (A,B) Law

Cnemidophorus hyperythrus beldingi # Hab. Dest. State C,D (Orange-throated Whiptail) (A,B) Law

Gerrhonotus panamintinus# Stable State E,F (Panamint Alligator Lizard) Law

Phrynosoma coronatum blainvillei # Hab. Dest. State C,E (San Diego Horned Lizard) (A,B) Law 14 C A L I F 0 R N I A (Continued)

Current Current Recommen- Status Species Problem Protection dation

Threatened Channa bottae Hab. Dest. State B,C,D (Rubber Boa) (D) Law Com. Exp. # Masticophis Zateralis euryxanthus Hab. Dest. State B,C,D (Alameda Striped Racer) (B) Law

Tharrmophis couchi gigas # Hab. Dest. State B,E (Giant Garter Snake) (A,C) Law

Tha;nnophis couchi hammondi# Hab. Dest. State B,C,D (Two-striped Garter Snake) (B,C) Law Com. Exp.

C 0 LORADO

AMPHIBIANS

Threatened Rana masZini# Com. Exp. None B,C (Maslin 1 s Woodfrog)

REPTILES

Threatened Opheodrys vernaZis blanchardi Unknown State B,G (Western Smooth Green Snake) Law

TantiZZa n. nigr>iceps Unknown State B (Plains Black-headed Snake) Law

Peripheral Kinosternon f. flavescens Unknown None B,F (Plains Yellow Mud Turtle)

Trionyx spinifer hartwegi Hab. Dest. State B,C (Western Spiny Softshell) (E) Law

Cnemidophorus velox Unknown None C (Plateau Whiptail)

Crotaphytus coZZaris auriceps Com. Exp. State B,C (Yellow-headed Collared Lizard) Law

Crotaphytus c. coZZaris Com. Exp. State B,C (Eastern Collared Lizard) Law

Crotaphytus wisZizenii punctatus Unknown None C (Long-nosed Leopard Lizard)

Phrynosoma douglassi Hab. Dest. None B (Short-horned Lizard) (B,E)

CrotaZus vir>idis concolor Unknown None D,F (Midget Faded Rattlesnake) COLORADO (Continued) 15

Current Current Recommen­ Status Species Problem Protection dation

Peripheral CrotaZus viridis nuntius Unknown None D,F (Hopi Rattlesnake)

EZaphe guttata emoryi Unknown None E (Great Plains Rat Snake)

HypsigZena torquata ZoreaZa Unknown None D,F (Mesa Verde Night Snake)

HypsigZena torquata texana Unknown None D,F (Texas Night Snake)

LampropeZtis trianguZum ceZaenop? Com. Exp. None B,D (New Mexico Milk Snake)

Lampropeltis trianguZum muZtistrata Com. Exp. None B,D (Pallid Milk Snake)

LampropeZtis trianguZum tayZori Com. Exp. None B,D (Utah Milk Snake)

Masticophis t. taeniatus Unknown None E (Desert Striped Whipsnake)

RhinocheiZus Zecontei tesseZZatus Unknown None E,F (Texas Long-nosed Snake)

Sonora e. episcopa Unknown None E,F (Great Plains Ground Snake)

TantiZZa utahensis Stable State B,D (Utah Black-headed Snake) Law

Thamnophis c. cyrtopsis Unknown None E (Western Black-necked Garter Snake)

Thamnophis proximus diaboZicus Unknown None E (Pecos Ribbon Snake)

TropidocZonion Z. Zineatum Stable None F (Northern Lined Snake)

Extirpated CrotaZus atrox Unknown None G (Western Diamondback Rattlesnake)

C O N N E C T I C U T

AMPHIBIANS

Rare Scaphiopus h. hoZbrooki Hab. Dest. None F (Eastern Spadefoot) (A,B) 16 C O N N E C T I C U T (Continued)

REPTILES

Status Species Current Current Recommen- Problem Protection dation

·k Endangered Clemmys rrruhlenbergi Hab. Dest. State A,B,D (Bog Turtle) (C) Law Com. Exp.

Rare Crotalus horridus Hab. Dest. None E,F,G (Timber Rattlesnake) (A,B) Com. Exp.

DELAWARE

AMPHIBIANS

Rare Ambystoma t. tigrinum Unknown None F (Eastern Tiger Salamander)

Hemidactylium scutatum Unknown None F (Four-toed Salamander)

Rana virgatipes Rab. Dest. None B,D,F (Carpenter Frog) (A,D)

Peripheral Hyla chrysoscelis Unknown None F (Cape's Gray Treefrog)

Hy la cinerea Unknown None F (Green Treefrog)

REPTILES

Endangered Caretta c. caretta;, Hab. Dest. None A,B,F (Atlantic Loggerhead) (C) Com. Exp.

Chelonia m. mydas ;, Com. Exp. None A,B,F (Atlantic Green Turtle)

Dermoche ly s c. coriacea ;, Com. Exp. Federal A,B,F (Atlantic Leatherback) Law

Lepidochelys kempi ;, Unknown Federal A,B,F (Atlantic Ridley) Law

Threatened Clemmys rrruhlenbergi ;, Hab. Dest. None A,B,F (Bog Turtle) (B,C) Com. Exp.

Rare Leiolopisma laterale Unknown None F (Ground Skink) DELAWARE (Continued) 17

Current Current Recommen­ Status Species Problem Protection dation

Rare Agkistrodon contortrix mokeson Hab, Dest. None D,F (Northern Copperhead) (A,B)

Elaphe g. guttata Com, Exp. None F ( Corn Snake)

Lampropeltis triangulum temporalis Hab. Dest. None F (Coastal Plain Milksnake) (A) Com. Exp.

Virginia v. valeriae Unknown None F (Eastern Earth Snake)

Peripheral Natrix e. erythrogaster Hab. Dest. None B,D,F (Red-bellied Watersnake) (A,C)

FLORIDA

AMPHIBIANS

Endangered Hy la andersoni ;, Hab. Dest. None B,D,E (Pine Barrens Treefrog) (A,C)

Threatened Amphiuma pholeter# Stable None F (One-toed Amphiuma)

Haideotriton wallacei ,,, Stab le None D,E,G (Georgia Blind Salamander)

Notophthalmus perstmatus# Hab, Dest. None C,E,F,G (Striped Newt) (C,D)

Pseudobranchus striatus lustricolus# Unknown None F (Gulf Hammock Siren)

Rana areolata aesopus# Hab. Dest. None B,E,F,G (Florida Crawfish Frog) (A) Com. Exp.

Rare Hemidactylium seutatum Hab. Dest. None F (Four-toed Salamander) (C)

Peripheral Desmognathus monticola Stable None D (Seal Salamander)

Stereochilus marginatus Stable None D,E,G (Many-lined Salamander)

Rana virgatipes Stable None D,E,G (Carpenter Frog) ------18 FLORIDA (Continued) REPTILES

Current Current Recommen­ Status Species Problem Protection dation

·-,',: Endangered Crocodylus acutus Hab. Dest, Federal & A,D (American Crocodile) (C) State Law Com. Exp. ·k Caretta c. caretta Com. Exp. None A (Atlantic Loggerhead) ,. Chelonia m. mydas Com. Exp. None A (Atlantic Green Turtle)

Eretmochelys i. imbricata Com. Exp. Federal & A (Atlantic Hawksbill) State Law

·k Lepidochelys kempi Com. Exp. Federal A (Atlantic Ridley) Law

Drymarchon corais couperi Hab. Dest. Federal & A,C,D,F (Eastern Indigo Snake) (A) State Law Corn. Exp.

Natrix fasciata taeniata Hab. Dest. None A,D,F (Florida Salt Marsh Water Snake) (C)

Stilosoma extenuatum " Hab. Dest. None A,F,G (Short-tailed Snake) (C)

Threatened A Uigator mississippiensis '' Hab. Dest. Federal & C,D,E,F, (American Alligator) (C) State Law G Com, Exp.

Chrysemys afobamensis # Unknown None E (Alabama Red-bellied Turtle) ,,,h . . . # c- rysemys conc1,nna suwanm,ens1,s Hab, Dest. None C,F (Suwannee River Cooter) (C) Corn. Exp.

Dermochelys c. coriacea " Corn. Exp. Federal A (Atlantic leatherback) Law # Gopherus polyphemus Hab. Dest. State B,D (Gopher Tortoise) (A,D) Law Com. Exp.

Kinosternon b. bauri# Hab. Dest. None E,F (Key Mud Turtle) (B)

Mafoclemys terrapin rhizophorarum # Hab. Dest. None C,E,F (Mangrove Diamond-backed Terrapin) (B)

Eumeces e. egregius # Hab. Dest. None D,E (Striped Mole Skink) (B) . . l . # Eumeces egreg1,us 1,nsu ar1,s Corn, Exp. None C,D (Cedar Key Mole Skink) (?) FLORIDA (Continued) 19

Status Species Current Current Recommen­ Problem Protection dation

Threatened Ewneces egregius lividus# Hab. Dest. None D (Blue-tailed Mole Skink) (B)

Neoseps reynoldsi# Hab. Dest. None D,E,G (Sand Skink) (A, B)

Diadophis punctatus acricus# Hab. Dest. None D,E (Big Pine Key Ringneck Snake) (B)

2 Elaphe g. guttata Hab. Dest. None C,F ( Corn Snake) (D)

2 Storeria dekayi victa # Hab. Dest. None D,E (Florida Brown Snake) (B)

Tantilla ooliticc/ Hab. Dest. None D,E (Rim Rock Crowned Snake) (B) 2 Thamnophis sauritus sackeni # Hab. Dest. None D,E (Florida Ribbon Snake) (B)

Rare Graptemys barbouri # Com. Exp. State C,F (Barbour's Map Turtle) Law

Macroclemys temmincki Com. Exp. State C,F,G (Alligator Snapping Turtle) Law

Sceloporus woodi Hab. Dest. None D,E,F (Florida Scrub Lizard) (B)

Lampropeltis getulus goini Hab. Dest. None C,E (Blotched Kingsnake) (D) Com. Exp.

Peripheral Clemmys guttata Stalole None C,D,E,F (Spotted Turtle)

Graptemys pulchra Stable None E,F (Alabama Map Turtle)

Trionyx muticus calvatus Stable None F (Gulf Coast Softshell)

Ewneces anthracinus pluvialis Stable None E,F (Southern Coal Skink)

Agkistrodon c. contortrix Stalole None D,F (Southern Copperhead)

Lampropeltis calligaster rhombomaculata Stable None F (Mole Snake)

Natrix fasciata clarki Hab. Dest, None D,G (Gulf Salt Marsh Water Snake) (A,E)

2Lower Florida Keys populations only. 20 G E O R G I A

Current Current Recommen­ Status Species Problem Protection dation

AMPHIBIANS

Endangered Haideotriton -wallacei '' Stable None A (Georgia Blind Salamander)

Hemidactylium scutatum Rab. Dest. None B (Four-toed Salamander) (A,C,D)

Hyla andersoni '' Rab. Dest. None A (Pine Barrens Treefrog) (A,D)

Threatened Gyrinophilus palleucus# Stable None A (Tennessee Cave Salamander)

Plethodon jordani melaventris Rab. Dest. None C,D (Highlands Salamander) (D)

Plethodon jordani rabunensis Rab. Dest. None C,D (Rabun Bald Salamander) (D)

Plethodon jordani shermani Rab. Dest. None C,D (Red-legged Salamander) (D) # Rana areolata aesopus Rab. Dest. None C (Florida Crawfish Frog) (A,D)

Rana areolata capita Rab. Dest. None C (Carolina Crawfish Frog) (C,D)

Rare Stereochilus marginatus Unknown None D,E (Many-lined Salamander)

Peripheral Notophthalmus perstriatus # Rab. Dest. None D,E (Striped Newt) (A,D) ------REPTILES

1 Endangered Alligator mississippiensis ' Rab. Dest. Federal A (American Alligator) (C) Law Com. Exp. ,., Clemrnys muhlenbergi Rab. Dest. None A ( Bog Turt 1 e) (C) Com. Exp.

Dermoche lys c. coriacea " Com. Exp. Federal A (Atlantic Leather back) Law

Eretmochelys i. imbricata Com. Exp. Federal A (Atlantic Hawksbill) Law

Lepidochelys kempi " Com. Exp. Federal A (Atlantic Ridley) Law G E O R G I A (Continued) 21

Current Current Recommen- Status Species Problem Protection dation

Threatened Clemmys guttata Hab. Dest. None C,D,E (Spotted Turtle) (A,C)

Gopherus polyphemus # Hab. Dest. None C,E (Gopher Tortoise) (A,D) Com. Exp.

Graptemys barbouri# Hab. Dest. None C,D,E (Barbour's Map Turtle) (C,E) Com. Exp.

Crotalus adamanteus Hab. Dest. None C (Eastern Diamondback Rattlesnake) (D) Com. Exp.

Drymarchon corais couperi" Hab. Dest. None A (Eastern Indigo Snake) (A,D) Com. Exp.

Pituophis m. melanoleucus Hab. Dest. None C,E (Northern Pine Snake) (D)

Pituophis melanoleucus mugitis Hab. Dest. None C,E (Florida Pine Snake) (D)

I D A H 0

AMPHIBIANS

Peripheral Taricha granulosa Unknown None F (Rough-skinned Newt)

Rana sylvatica Unknown None F (Wood Frog)

REPTILES

Peripheral Rhinocheilus lecontei Unknown None F (Long-nosed Snake)

Sonora semiannulata Unknown None F (Western Ground Snake)

l L L I N 0 I s

AMPHIBIANS

Endangered Cryptobranchus a. alleganiensis Hab. Dest. None B (Eastern Hellbender) (C)

Threatened Desmognathus fuscus conanti Unknown None B,E (Spotted Dusky Salamander) 22 ILLINOIS (Continued)

Current Current Recommen­ Status Species Problem Protection dation

Rare Ambystoma talpoidewn Hab. Dest. None E,G (Mole Salamander) (A)

Hemidactyliwn scutatwn Hab. Dest. None B,D (Four-toed Salamander) (C)

Peripheral Ambystoma laterale Hab. Dest. None D (Blue-spotted Salamander) (B)

Eurycea longicauda melanopleura Hab. Dest. None E (Dark-sided Salamander) (C)

Plethodon dorsalis Unknown None F,G (ZigZag Salamander)

Gastrophryne carolinensis Stable None D,E (Eastern Narrow-mouthed Frog)

Hyla a. avivoca Stable None D (Western Bird-voiced Treefrog)

Hyla cinerea Stable None D (Green Treefrog)

Pseudacris streckeri illinoensis Hab. Dest. None D (Illinois Chorus Frog) (A)

Scaphiopus holbrooki Hab. Dest. None E (Eastern Spadefoot) (A)

Rana sylvatica Hab. Dest. None B,D (Wood Frog) (A,B,D)

REPTILES

Endangered Macroclemys temrnincki Hab. Dest. None B,C (Alligator Snapping Turtle) (C,E)

Tropidoc lonion l. lineatwn Hab. Dest. None D (Northern Lined Snake) (A)

Rare Ophisaurus a. attenuatus Stable None F,G (Western Slender Glass Lizard)

Crotalus horridus Com. Exp. None D (Timber Rattlesnake)

Natrix c. cyclopion Hab. Dest. None D (Green Water Snake) (A)

Natrix fasciata confluens Stable None D (Broad-banded Water Snake) I L L I N O I S (Continued) 23

Current Status Species Current Recommen­ Problem Protection dation

Rare Sistrurus c. catenatus Hab. Dest. None B,C,D (Eastern Massasauga) (A) Com. Exp.

Peripheral Kinosternon flavescens spooneri Unknown None C,D (Illinois Mud Turtle)

Elaphe guttata emoryi Hab. Dest. None F (Great Plains Rat Snake) (D)

Heterodon nasicus Stable None D (Western Hognose Snake)

Masticophis f. flagellum Hab. Dest. None F (Eastern Coachwhip) (D)

Tantilla gracilis hallowelli Hab. Dest. None F (Northern Flat-headed Snake) (D)

Extirpated Clemmys guttata Hab. Dest. None (1951) (Spotted Turtle) (B)

INDIANA

AMPHIBIANS

Endangered Cryptobranchus a. alleganiensis Hab. Dest. None B,C,E (Eastern Hellbender) (C)

Rare Ambystoma pZatineum Hab. Dest. None D,E,F (Silvery Salamander) (A,C)

Ambystoma tremblayi Hab. Dest. None D,E,F (Tremblay's Salamander) (A,C)

Hemidactylium scutatum Hab. Dest. None E,F,G (Four-toed Salamander) (D)

Peripheral Pseudotriton r. ruber Stable None E,F,G (Northern Red Salamander)

REPTILES

Rare Clemmys guttata Hab. Dest. None B (Spotted Turtle) (C)

Natrix erythrogaster negZecta Hab. Dest. None B,D,E,G (Northern Copperbelly) (A,D)

Opheod:rys vernalis blanchardi Hab. Dest. None D,E (Western Smooth Green Snake) (A,E) 24 I N D I A N A (Continued)

Current Current Recommen- Status Species Problem Protection dation

Rare Sistrurus c. catenatus# Hab. Dest. None B,F (Eastern Massasauga) (A)

Thamnophis butleri Hab. Dest. None E,F (Butler's Garter Snake) (B)

Peripheral Kinosternon s. subrubI'U/71 Unknown None F (Eastern Mud Turtle)

Cemophora c. coccinea Hab. Dest. None D,F (Florida Scarlet Snake) (B)

Tantilla coronata Unknown None D,E (Southeastern Crowned Snake)

Extirpated Macroclemys temmincki Unknown (1935) (Alligator Snapping Turtle)

(1894) Farancia abacura reirMardti Unknown (Western Mud Snake)

I O W A

AMPHIBIANS

Peripheral Notophthalrrrus viridescens Zouisianensis Unknown None D,F (Central Newt)

Scaphiopus bombifrons Unknown None D,F (Plains Spadefoot)

REPTILES

Rare ciemmys insculpta Hab. Dest. None A (Wood Turtle) (C) Com. Exp.

Kinosternon flavescens spooneri Hab. Dest. None B (Illinois Mud Turtle) (C)

Elaphe o. obsoleta Unknown None D,F (Black Rat Snake)

Lampropeltis getulus holbrooki Unknown None D,F (Speckled Kingsnake)

Sistrurus c. catenatus# Hab. Dest. None B (Eastern Massasauga) (A) Com, Exp,

Virginia valeriae elegans Unknown None D,F (Western· Earth Snake) I O W A (Continued) 25

Current Current Status Species Recommen­ Problem Protection dation

Peripheral Chrysemys scripta elegans Rab. Dest. None C,E (Red-eared Turtle) (C) Com. Exp.

Graptemys geographica Rab. Dest. None C,E (Map Turtle) (C) Com. Exp.

Sternotherus odorat:us Unknown None F (Stinkpot)

Terrapene ornata Rab. Dest. None D,F (Ornate Box Turtle) (A,C) Com. Exp.

Ewneces fasciatus Unknown None F (Five-lined Skink)

Ewneces obsolet:us Unknown None F (Great Plains Skink)

Ophisau:t'Us a. attenuat:us Unknown None F (Western Slender Glass Lizard)

Agkistrodon contortrix mokeson Unknown None D (Northern Copperhead)

Crotalus v. viridis Com. Exp. None D (Prairie Rattlesnake)

Heterodon nasicus Unknown None D,F (Western Hog-nosed Snake)

KANSAS

AMPHIBIANS

Threatened Eurycea longicauda melanopleura Rab. Dest. None B,D,E,F (Dark-sided Salamander) (B)

Notophthalmus viridescens louisianen­ Rab. Dest. None D sis (Central Newt) (A,C)

Typhlotriton spelaeus Rab. Dest. None B,D,E,F (Grotto Salamander) (B,C) Com. Exp.

Rare Cryptobranchus a. alleganiensis Hab. Dest. None D,E,F (Eastern Hellbender) (C,E)

Eurycea multiplicata griseogaste:r Rab. 'Dest. None B,D,E,F (Gray-bellied Salamander) (C)

Rana areolata circulosa Rab. Dest. None D,E,F (Northern Crawfish Frog) (A,C) 26 K A N S A S (Continued)

Current Current Recommen- Status Species Problem Protect ion dation

Peripheral Eu:r>ycea lucifuga Hab. Dest. None D,E,F (Cave Salamander) (B,C)

Bufo debilis insidior Unknown None E,F (Western Green Toad)

Bufo punctatus Hab. Dest. None E,F (Red-spotted Toad) (C,E)

Gastrophryne cm'o linensis Hab. Dest, None D,E,F (Eastern Narrow-mouthed Frog) (C,E)

Hyla c. crucifer Hab. Dest, None D (Northern Spring Peeper) (C ,D)

Rana clamitans melanota Hab, Dest, None D,E,F (Northern Green Frog) (C)

Rana palustris Hab, Dest, None D,E,F (Pickerel Frog) (C,D)

Extirpated Rana sylvatica Unknown (Wood Frog)

REPTILES

Peripheral Macroclemys temmincki Hab. Dest, None A (Alligator Snapping Turtle) (C)

Eumeces laticeps Hab, Dest, None A (Broad-headed Skink) (A,D)

Hypsiglena ochrorhyncha texana Hab. Dest, None D,E,F (Texas Night Snake) (A)

Leptotyphlops dulcis dissecta Unknown None E,F (New Mexico Blind Snake)

Opheodrys vernalis blanchardi Hab. Dest, None E,F (Western Smooth Green Snake) (E)

Rhinocheilus lecontei tessellatus Hab, Dest, None D,E (Texas Long-nosed Snake) (A)

Storeria o. occipitomaculata Hab, Dest, None D,E,F (Northern Red-bellied Snake) (D,E)

Thamnophis marcianus Hab, Dest. None D,E (Checkered Garter Snake) (A,C)

Virginia striatula Hab. Dest, None D,E,F (Rough Earth Snake) (D,E)

Virginia valeriae elegans Hab. Dest, None D,E,F (Western Earth Snake) (D,E) KANSAS (Continued) 27

Current Current Recommen­ Status Species Problem Protection dation

Extirpated Phrynosoma douglassi brevirostre (Eastern Short-horned Lizard)

Agkistrodon piscivorus leucostoma (Western Cottonmouth)

Crotalus atrox (Western Diamondback Rattlesnake)

K E N T U C K Y

AMPHIBIANS

Peripheral Ambystoma platineum Stable None E,F,G (Silvery Salamander)

Ambystoma talpoideum Hab. Dest. None E,F,G (Mole Salamander) (C)

Amphiuma tridactylum Hab. Dest. None E,F,G (Three-toed Amphiuma) (C) Com. Exp.

Plethodon c. cinJreus Unknown None E,F,G (Eastern Red-backed Salamander)

Hyla a. avivoca Hab, Dest. None E,F,G (Western Bird-voiced Treefrog) (C)

Hy la cinerea Hab. Dest. None E,F,G ( Green Treefrog) (C)

Hy la gratiosa Hab. Dest. None B,E,F,G (Barking Treefrog) ( C)

Rana areolata circulosa Hab. Dest. None B,E,F,G (Northern Crawfish Frog) (C)

REPTILES

Endangered Eumeces a. anthracinus Hab. Dest. None B,E,F,G (Northern Coal Skink) (A,D)

Elaphe g. guttata Hab. Dest. None C,E,F,G ( Corn Snake) (A,D) Com. Exp.

Lampropeltis tri~ulum elapsoides Unknown None E,F,G (Scarlet Kingsnake

Masticophis f. flagellum Unknown None E,F,G (Eastern Coachwhip)

Thamnophis s. sauritus Unknown None E,F,G (Eastern Ribbon Snake) 28 K E N T U C K Y (Continued)

Current Current Recommen­ Status Species Problem Protection dation

Rare Ophisaurus attenuatus Zongicaudus Unknown None E,F,G (Eastern Slender Glass Lizard)

Lmrrpropeltis triangulwn syspila Rab. Dest. None B,C (Red Milk Snake) (A,D) Com. Exp.

Pituophis m. meZanoZeucus Rab. Dest. None C,E,F,G (Northern Pine Snake) (A)

Peripheral Chrysemys concinna heiroglyphica Rab. Dest. None E,F,G (Slider) (C)

Chrysemys floridana hoyi Rab. Dest, None E,F,G (Missouri Slider) (C)

Graptemys kohni 1Jnknown None E,F,G (Mississippi Map Turtle)

Graptemys pseudogeographica ouachiten- Unknown None E,F,G sis (Ouachita Map Turtle) Macroclemys temmincki Rab. Dest. None E,F,G (Alligator Snapping Turtle) ( C)

CZonophis kirtlandi Unknown None B,E,F,G (Kirtland's Water Snake)

Farancia abacura reim1ardti Rab. Dest. None B,E,F,G (Western Mud Snake) (C)

Natrix c. cyclopion Rab. Dest. None B,E,F,G (Green Water Snake) (B,C)

Natrix fasciata confluens Rab. Dest. None B,E,F,G (Broad-banded Water Snake) (B,C)

Sistrurus miZiarius streckeri Unknown None B,E,F,G (Western Pygmy Rattlesnake)

Thamnophis p. proximus Rab, Dest. None B,E,F,G (Western Ribbon Snake) (C)

L O U I S I A N A

AMPHIBIANS

Endangered Ambystoma t. tigrinwn Rab. Dest. State D (Eastern Tiger Salamander) (D) Law Com. Exp.

Hemidactyliwn scutatwn Stable None B,D (Four-toed Salamander)

Plethodon c. cinereus Com. Exp, State D (Eastern Red-backed Salamander) Law LO U I s I A N A (Continued) 29

Current Current Recommen- Status Species Problem Protection dation

Endangered Pseudotriton montanus flavissimus Hab. Dest. None E,G (Gulf Coast Mud Salamander) (D)

Pseudotriton ruber vioscai Hab. Dest. None E,G (Southern Red Salamander) (D)

REPTILES

Endangered Gopherus polyphemus # Hab. Dest. None B,G (Gopher Tortoise) (D)

Crotalus adamanteus Hab. Dest. None B (Eastern Diamondback Rattlesnake) (D)

Roodinaea flavilata Hab. Dest. None E (Yellow-lipped Snake) (D)

Threatened Farancia erytrogramma Hab. Dest. None B (Rainbow Snake) (C)

Pituophis melanoleucus lodingi# Hab. Dest. None A,B (Black Pine Snake) (D) Com. Exp.

Pi tuophis me lcmo leucus ruthveni # Hab. Dest. None B (Lcuisiana Pine Snake) (D)

Peripheral Eumeces septentrionalis obtusirostris Unknown None B (Southern Prairie Skink)

Carphophis vermis Hab. Dest. None E (Western Worm Snake) (A)

Tantilla coronata Hab. Dest. None E (Southeastern Crowned Snake) (D)

M A I N E

AMPHIBIANS - None Reported

REPTILES

Rare Emydoidea blandingi Hab, Dest. None B,C,D (Blanding's Turtle) (B) Com, Exp.

M A R Y L A N D

AMPHIBIANS

Endangered Aneides aeneus Hab. Dest. State B,D,F (Green Salamander) (B) Law3

Moderate protection by State, 30 M A R YLAND (Continued)

Current Current Status Species Recommen- Problem Protection dation

Endangered Cryptobranchus a. a ZZeganiensis Rab. Dest. State B,D,F (Eastern Hellbender) (C,E) Law3 Com. Exp.

Threatened Rana virgatipes Rab. Dest. None B,D,E (Carpenter Frog) (C,D)

Rare Ambystoma jeffersonianum Rab. Dest. State B,D,E,F (Jefferson Salamander) (B) Law 3

Ambystoma t. tigrinum Rab. Dest. State B,D,F (Eastern Tiger Salamander) (B) Law 3

Peripheral Siren Zacertina Unknown State F (Greater Siren) Law 3

Gastrophryne caro Zinensis Rab. Dest. State B,D,E,G (Eastern Narrow-mouthed Frog) (C) Law 3

REPTILES ,., Endangered Caretta c. caretta Com. Exp. None A,B (Atlantic Loggerhead) ,·, Chelonia m. mydas Com. Exp. None A,B (Atlantic Green Turtle)

,';; Clemmys muhlenbergi Rab. Dest. None A,B,D,E (Bog Turtle) (C) ;', Dermochelys c. coriacea Com. Exp. Federal A,B (Atlantic Leatherback) Law

·k Eretmochelys i. imbricata Com. Exp. Federal A,B (Atlantic Hawksbill) Law ,,, Lepidochelys kerrpi Com. Exp. Federal A,B (Atlantic Ridley) Law

Rare Cemophora coccinea copei Hab. Dest. None B,D,E (Northern Scarlet Snake) (B)

Natrix e. erythrogaster Unknown None D,E,F (Red-bellied Watersnake)

Peripheral Eumeces a. anthracinus Rab. Dest. State B,D,E,F (Northern Coal Skink) (B) Law 3

Farancia e. erytrogramma Rab. Dest. State B,D,E,F (Rainbow Snake) (C) Law 3

Pituophis m. melanoleucus Rab. Dest. None D,E,F (Northern Pine Snake) (B) 3 Moderate protection by State.

- - ______. MARYLAND (Continued) 31

Current Status Species Current Recommen­ Problem Protection dation

Peripheral Virginia valeriae pulchra Rab, Dest. State B,D,E,F (Mountain Earth Snake) (D) Law 3

M A S S A C H U S E T T S

AMPHIBIANS - None Reported

REPTILES

Rare Chrysemys rubriventris Rab, Dest. None B,D,E,F, (Red-bellied Turtle) (C) G Com. Exp,

Emydoidea blandingi Rab. Dest. None D, D, E,F (Blanding's Turtle) (C)

M I C H I G A N

AMPHIBIANS

Threatened Ambystoma opacum Unknown None D,E (Marbled Salamander)

Ambystoma texanum Unknown None F (Small-mouthed Salamander)

Siren intermedia nettingi Unknown None E,F (Western Lesser Siren)

Peripheral Hemidactylium scutatum Unknown None E (Four-toed Salamander)

REPTILES

Endangered Clonophis kirtlandi Hab. Dest. None A (Kirtland's Water Snake) (C)

Threatened Terrapene c. carolina Unknown None C,D,E,F (Eastern Box Turtle)

Elaphe o. obsoleta Hab. Dest. None C,D (Black Rat Snake) (C)

Natrix erythrogaster neglecta Rab. Dest. None E,F (Northern Copperbelly) (A,C)

Peripheral Clemmys guttata Rab. Dest. None E,F (Spotted Turtle) (C)

Clemmys insculpta Unknown None E,F (Wood Turtle) 3 Moderate protection by State. 32 M I C H I G A N (Continued)

Current Current Recommen- Status Species Problem Protection dation

Peripheral Trionyx s. spiniferus Hab. Dest. None E,F (Northern Spiny Softshell) (C)

Eumeces fasciatus Unknown None E (Five-lined Skink)

M I N N E S 0 T A

AMPHIBIANS

Threatened Plethodon c. cinereus Hab, Dest. None F,G (Eastern Red-backed Salamander) (D)

Peripheral Acris crepitans Stable None G (Northern Cricket Frog)

Rana catesbeiana Corn. Exp, State B,C (Bullfrog) Law

REPTILES

Threatened CZemmys insculpta Hab. Dest. None C,D,E,F, (Wood Turtle) (C) G

Sistrurus c. catenatus # Unknown None D,E (Eastern Massasauga)

Peripheral Emydoidea blandingi Hab. Dest. None C,D,E,F, (Blanding's Turtle) (C) G

Graptemys pseudogeographica Unknown None C (False Map Turtle)

Trionyx muticus Corn. Exp. None C (Smooth Softshell)

Cnemidophorus sexlineatus Unknown None C,D,E,F, (Six-lined Racerunner) G

Eumeces fasciatus Unknown None C,D,E,F, (Five-lined Skink) G

Diadophis punctatus arnyi Unknown None C (Prairie Ring-neck Snake)

Diadophis punctatus ecb»ardsi Unknown None C,D,E,F, (Northern Ring-neck Snake) G

Elaphe o. obsoleta Corn. Exp, None C (Black Rat Snake) 4 MISSISSIPPI 33

Current Current Recommen­ Status Species Problem Protection dation

AMPHIBIANS

Endangered Aneides aeneus Hab. Dest. None E (Green Salamander) (C)

Eurycea Zucifuga Com. Exp. None D (Cave Salamander)

Rare Ambystoma talpoideum Hab. Dest. None E,F,G (Mole Salamander)-[Neotenic form only] (C ,E)

Ambystoma t. tigrinum Hab, Dest. None E,F,G (Eastern Tiger Salamander) (C,E)

Hemidactylium scutatum Hab. Dest. None E,F,G (Four-toed Salamander) (C)

Rana a:reolata sevosa Hab. Dest. None E,G (Dusky Gopher Frog) (D,E)

Peripheral Cryptobranchus a. alleganiensis Hab. Dest. None D,E (Eastern Hellbender) (C)

Eurycea b. bislineata Hab. Dest. None C,D,E (Northern Two-lined Salamander) (C)

Eurycea Z. Zongicauda Hab. Dest. None C,D,E (Long-tailed Salamander) (C)

Gyrinophilus p. porphyriticus Hab. Dest. None E,F (Northern Spring Salamander) (C)

Necturus m. maculosus Hab. Dest. None D,E (Mudpuppy) (C)

Plethodon d. dorsalis Stable None C,D,E (Eastern ZigZag Salamander)

Pseudotriton r. ruber Hab. Dest. None C,D,E (Northern Red Salamander) (C)

Bufo vaUiceps Hab. Dest. None C,D,E (Gulf Coast Toad) (C,E)

Pseudacris brachyphona Hab. Dest. None D,E (Mountain Chorus Frog) (C)

Rana clamitans melanota Hab. Dest. None D,E (Northern Green Frog) (C)

Rana heckscheri Hab. Dest. None D,E,G (River Frog) (E)

4 Protection of threatened or endangered species pending passage of Mississippi Public Notice 1780. 34 M I S S I S S I P P I (Continued)

Current Current Recommen­ Status Species Problem Protection dation

REPTILES

Endangered Alligator mississippiensis Hab. Dest. Federal A,B (American Alligator) (C) Law Com. Exp.

Caretta c. caretta Com. Exp. None A (Atlantic Loggerhead)

·k Chelonia m. mydas Com. Exp. None A (Atlantic Green Turtle)

Graptemys nigrinoda Hab, Dest. None D,E (Black-knobbed Map Turtle) (C)

Eumeces anthracinus pluvialis Hab. Dest. None B,E (Southern Coal Skink) (C)

·k Drymarchon corais couperi Hab. Dest. None A,B (Eastern Indigo Snake) (D) Com. Exp.

Farancia erytrogramma Hab. Dest. None B,D (Rainbow Snake) (C)

Heterodon simus Hab. Dest. None B,C,D (Southern Hognose Snake) ( D)

Pituophis melanoleucus lodingi# Hab. Dest. None A,E (Black Pine Snake) (D) Com. Exp.

Threatened Gopherus polyphemus # Hab. Dest. None B,C,D,E (Gopher Tortoise) (A,D)

Graptemys flavimaculata # Hab. Dest. None C,D,E (Yellow-blotched Map Turtle) (E)

Graptemys oculifera # Hab, Dest. None B,C,D (Ringed Map Turtle) (C,E) Com. Exp.

Macroclemys temmincki Com. Exp. None B,D (Alligator Snapping Turtle)

Rare Deirochelys reticularia Unknown None F (Chicken Turtle)

Cemophora coccinea copei Hab. Dest. None E,G (~orthern Scarlet Snake) (E)

Lampropeltis calligaster rhombomaculata Hab. Dest. None E,G (Mole Kingsnake) (A)

Lampropeltis triangulum elapsoides Hab. Dest. None E,G (Scarlet Kingsnake) (A)

__j M I S S I S S I P P I (Continued) 35

Status Species Current Current Recommen­ Problem Protection dation

Rare Micrurus f. fulvius Hab. Dest. None E (Eastern Coral Snake) (D)

Natrix fasciata clarki Hab. Dest. None E,F (Gulf Salt Marsh Water Snake) (C)

Regina regida sinicola Hab. Dest. None E (Gulf Glossy Water Snake) (C)

Rhadinaea flavilata Hab. Dest. None E,G (Yellow-lipped Snake) (C)

Peripheral Graptemys kohni Unknown None F (Mississippi Map Turtle)

Graptemys pseudogeographica ouachiten­ Unknown None F sis (Ouachita Map Turtle)

Lampropeltis getulus niger Unknown None F (Black Kingsnake)

Natrix s. sipedon Stable None C (Northern Water Snake)

Regina septemvittata Hab. Dest. None E (Queen Snake) (C)

Thamnophis proximus orarius Unknown None F (Gulf Coast Ribbon Snake)

MIS SOURIS

AMPHIBIANS

Rare Eurycea quadridigitatus Hab. Dest. State B,C,D,E, (Dwarf Salamander) (C) Law F,G

Eurycea tynerensis # Hab. Dest. State B,C,D,E, (Oklahoma Salamander) (C) Law F,G

Pseudacris streckeri illinoensis Hab. Dest. State B,C,D (Illinois Chorus Frog) (A) Law

Rana sylvatica Ha b. De st, State B (Wood Frog) (D) Law

Peripheral Ambystoma talpoideum Hab. Dest. State B,C,D ,E, (Mole Salamander) (A, D) Law F,G

Amphiuma tridactylum Hab, Dest, State B,C,D,E, (Three-toed Amphiuma) (A,D,E) Law F,G

5collecting of amphibians and reptiles permitted with scientific collecting permit and state fishing or hunting license, 36 M I S S O U R I (Continued)

Current Current Recorrnnen- Status Species Problem Protection dation

REPTILES

Endangered Emydoidea bZandingi Hab. Dest. State B (Extir- (Blanding's Turtle) (A) Law pated?) # Rare Sistrurus c. catenatus Hab. Dest. State B,C,D,E, (Eastern Massasauga) (A,C) Law F,G Com. Exp.

Peripheral DeirocheZys reticuZaria Hab. Dest. State C,D,E,F, (Chicken Turtle) (A,C) Law G

Kinosternon f. fZavescens Stable State D,E,F,G (Plains Yellow Mud Turtle) Law

Kinosternon fZavescens spooneri Unknown State D,E,F,G (Illinois Mud Turtle) Law

MacrocZemys temmincki Hab. Dest. State B,C,D,E, (Alligator Snapping Turtle) (C) Law F,G Com. Exp.

Phrynosoma cornutum Hab. Dest. State B (Texas Horned Lizard) (A) Law

CZonophis kirtZandi Unknown State B (Kirtland's Water Snake) Law

Heterodon nasicus gZoydi Hab. Dest. State B,C,D,E, (Dusky Hognose Snake) (A) Law F,G Com. Exp.

Heterodon n. nasicus Hab. Dest. State B,C,D,E (Plains Hognose Snake) (A) Law Com. Exp.

Natrix c. cycZopion Hab. Dest. State B,C,D,E, (Green Water Snake) (C) Law F,G

Opheodrys vernaZis bZanchardi Hab. Dest. State B,C,D,E, (Western Smooth Green Snake) (A,E) Law F,G

Extirpated Regina septemvittata Hab. Dest. State B (Queen Snake) (C) Law

MONTAN A

AMPHIBIANS

Threatened Ascaphus truei Hab. Dest. None B (Tailed Frog) (C,D) MO N TA N A (Continued) 37

Current Status Species Current Recommen- Problem Protection dation Rare Plethodon vandykei Hab. Dest. None B,C,E (VanDyke's Salamander) (C,D,E)

Rana pretiosa Hab. Dest. None B (Spotted Frog) (C,D)

Peripheral Taricha g. granulosa Unknown None D (Northern Rough-skinned Newt)

Bufo hemiophrys Hab. Dest. None B (Dakota Toad) (C)

Pseudacris clarki Unknown None c, F (Spotted Chorus Frog)

Rana sy lvatica Unknown None E,F (Wood Frog)

REPTILES

Rare Trionyx spinifer harruegi Unknown None B (Western Spiny Softshell)

Peripheral Eumeces skiltonianus utahensis Unknown None F (Great Basin Skink)

Opheodrys vernalis blanchardi Unknown None E,F (Western Smooth Green Snake)

N E B R A S K A

AMPHIBIANS

Peripheral Bufo americanus Hab. Dest. None F,G (American Toad) (C)

REPTILES

Rare Sistrutus c. catenatus # Hab. Dest, None E,F (Eastern Massasauga) (C)

N E V A D A

AMPHIBIANS

Endangered Rana pipiens fisheri Hab. Dest. None A,E,F (Extir­ (Vegas Valley Leopard Frog) (B) pated?)

Peripheral Bufo boreas nelsoni Unknown None B, (Amargosa Toad)

Bufo woodhousei Unknown None F (Woodhouse's Toad)

Rana aurora Unknown None E,F ______(Red-legged_Frog) ______38 NEVADA (Continued)

Current Current Recommen­ Species Status Problem Protection dation REPTILES

Threatened Heloderma suspectwn Com. Exp. State B,C,E (Gila Monster) Law

Peripheral Clemmys m. m=morata Unknown None E,F (Northwestern Pond Turtle)

Gerrhonotus coeruleus shastensis Unknown None F (Shasta Alligator Lizard)

Lichanura trivirgata gracia Com. Exp. None C,F (Desert Rosy Boa)

N E W H A M P S H I R E AMPHIBIANS - None Reported REPTILES

Rare Emydoidea blandingi Hab. Dest. None B,C,D,E (Blanding's Turtle) (C) Com. Exp.

N E W J E R S E Y AMPHIBIANS Threatened Ambystoma laterale Hab. Dest. None D,E (Blue-spotted Salamander) (C)

Hy la andersoni -/, Hab. Dest. None A,B (Pine Barrens Treefrog) (B ,D)

Gyrinophilus p. porphyriticus Hab. Dest. None D,E (Northern Spring Salamander) (C)

Rare Ambystoma t. tigrinwn Hab. Dest. None D,E (Eastern Tiger Salamander) (C)

Desmognathus o. ochrophaeus Unknown None E,F (Mountain Dusky Salamander)

Peripheral Pseudotriton m. montanus Unknown None E,F (Eastern Mud Salamander)

REPTILES ,., Endangered Clemmys muhlenbergi Hab. Dest. None A,B (Bog Turtle) (C) Com. Exp.

Threatened Cemophora coccinea copei Hab. Dest. None C,D,E (Northern Scarlet Snake) (B)

Elaphe g. guttata Hab. Dest. None C,D,E ( Corn Snake) (B) Com. Exp. N E W J E R S E Y (Continued) 39

Status Species Current Current Recommen­ Problem Protection dation

Threatened Pituophis m. melanoleucus Hab. Dest. None C,D,E (Northern Pine Snake) (B) Com. Exp.

Rare Crotalus ho:0 ridus Hab. Dest. None C,D,E (Timber Rattlesnake) (B) Com. Exp.

Virginia v. valeriae Hab. Dest. None D,E (Eastern Smooth Earth Snake) (B,D)

Peripheral Eumeces fasciatus Unknown None F (Five-lined Skink)

Leiolopisma Zaterale Unknown None F (Ground Skink)

N E W M E X I C 0

AMPHIBIANS

Endangered Plethodon neomexicanus " Stable State A,B (Jemez Mountains Salamander) Law 6

Hyla eximia Stable None C,D,E (Mountain Treefrog)

·k Hylactophryne augusti latrans Unknown State A,B,D (Eastern Barking Frog) Law 6

Threatened Aneides hardy1,# Hab. Dest. State A,B (Sacramento Mountain Salamander) (D) Law 6

Peripheral Acris crepitans blanchardi Unknown None D (Blanchard's Cricket Frog)

Bufo alvarius Hab. Dest. State C,E,F (Colorado River Toad) (C,D) Law 6

Bufo b. boreas Unknown None C,E (Northern Borea 1 Toad)

REPTILES

Endangered Heloderma suspectum Com. Exp. State A,B (Gila Monster) Law 6

Crotalus lepidus klauberi-1, Com. Exp. State A,F (Banded Rock Rattlesnake) Law 6

Crotalus willardi silus-1, Com. Exp. Stat A,F (Chihuahuan Ridge-nosed Rattlesnake) Law 6

6state Game Commission Regulation No. 563 regulates collection or destruction of threatened or endangered species. 40 N E W i". E X I C 0 (Continued) Current Species Current Reconrrnen­ Status Problem Protection dation

Threatened Coluber constrictor mormon l:nknown None F (Western Yellow-bellied Racer)

Elaphe guttata emoryi Unknown None E,F (Great Plains Rat Snake)

Ficimia cana Unknown None F (Western Hook-nosed Snake)

Holbrookia maculata ruthveni Hab. Dest. Federal A,F (White Sands Earless Lizard) (B) Law

Lampropeltis getulus splendida l'nknown None C,F (Sonora Kingsnake)

Lampropeltis triangulum celaenops # Com. Exp. None C,F (New Mexico Milksnake)

Lampropeltis triangulum gentilis Com. Exp. None C,F (Western Milksnake)

Lampropeltis triangulum taylori Com. Exp. None C,F (Utah Milksnake)

Leptotyphlops humilis segregus Unknown l\'one E,F (Trans-pecos Blind Snake)

Opheodrys vernalis blanchardi Unknown State E,F (Western Smooth Green Snake) Law 6

Peripheral Chrysemys concinna texana Hab. Dest. State C,E,F (Texas River Cooter) (A,C) Law6

Trionyx m. muticus Hab. Dest. State C,E (Midland Smooth Softshell) (C) Law6

Trionyx spinifera hartwegi Hab. Dest. State C,E,F (Western Spiny Softshell) (A,C) Law6

Callisaurus d:raconoides ventralis Unknown None E (Sonora Zebra-tailed Lizard)

Cnemidophorus burti stictogrammus Unknown State C,E (Giant Red-necked Whiptail) Lawt'

Eumeces callicephalus Unknown State B,C,D (Mountain Skink) Law6

Sceloporus graciosus arenicolous l'nknown State F (Dunes Sagebrush Lizard) Law6

Sceloporus scalaris slevini Hab. Dest. State E,F (Bunch Grass Lizard) (D) Law6

Crotalus s. scutulatus Unknown State B,F (Mojave Rattlesnake) Law6

Crotalus viridis cerberus Unknown State B,F (Arizona Black Rattlesnake) Law6

6 state Game Conrrnission Regulation No. 563 regulates collection or destruction of threatened or endangered species. N E W M E X I C 0 (Continued) 41

Current Status Species Current Recommen­ Problem Protection dation

Periphera 1 Elaphe subocularis# Com, Exp, None B,F (Trans-pecos Rat Snake)

Elaphe triaspis intermedia Com. Exp, None B,F (Green Rat Snake)

Lampropeltis p. pyromelana# Com, Exp, None B,C (Arizona Mountain Kingsnake)

Leptotyphlops dulcis dissecta Unknown F (New Mexico Blind Snake)

Masticophis b. bilineatus Unknown E,F (Sonora Whipsnake)

Micruroides euryxanthus Unknown State B,F (Arizona Coral Snake) Law 6

Natrix erythrogaster transversa !-lab, Dest. State E,F,G (Blotched Water Snake) (A,C) Law 6

Thamnophis eques megalops Unknown None E,F (Mexican Garter Snake)

Thamnophis proximus diabolicus Unknown State C,D (Western Ribbon Snake) Law 6

Thamnophis rufipunctatus Unknown State B,D,F (Narrow-headed Garter Snake) Law 6

Trimorphodon lambda Unknown None E,F (Sonora Lyre Snake)

Trimorphodon vilkinsoni Unknown None B,F (Texas Lyre Snake)

Tropidoclonion lineatum mertensi Unknown None C,D,E,F (New Mexicc Lined Snake)

N E W YO R K

AMPHIBIANS

Endangered Ambystoma jeffersonianum !-lab, Dest. None C,D,E,F, (Jefferson Salarrander) (C) G

Hemidactylium scutatum ¥.ab. Dest, None C,D,E,F, (Four-toed Salamander) (C,D) G

Threatened Ambystoma maculatum !-lab. Dest. None F (Spotted Salamander) (E)

6 State Game Commission Regulation No. 563 regulates collection or destruction of threatened or endangered species, 42 N E W YO R K (Continued)

Current Current Recommen­ Status Species Problem Protection datioh

REPTILES

Endangered Clemmys guttata Hab. Dest. None E,D,E (Spotted Turtle) (C,D) Com. Exp.

Clemmys insculpta Hab. Dest. State B,D,E (Wood Turtle) ( B) Law Com. Exp.

Clemmys muhlenbergi ;, Hab. Dest. None A,B (Bog Turtle) (C) Com. Exp.

Malaclemys t. terrapin Hab. Dest. None B,D,E (Northern Diamondback Terrapin) (B,E)

Crotalus horridus Hab. Dest. None B,C,D (Timber Rattlesnake) (A,B,D) Com. Exp.

Threatened Sistrurus c. catenatus # Hab. Dest. None B,C,D (Eastern Massasauga) (C) Com. Exp.

N O R T H CAROLINA

AMPHIBIANS

Endangered Plethodon longicrus '' Hab. Dest. None A,B (Crevice Salamander) (C)

Threatened Hemidactylium scutatum Hab. Dest. None D,E,G (Four-toed Salamander) (C)

Necturus lewisi# Hab. Dest. None A,B,D (Neuse River Waterdog) (C,E)

Peripheral Eurycea l. longicauda Unknown None F (Long-tailed Salamander)

Necturus maculosus Hab. Dest. None E,F (Mudpuppy) (C)

Plethodon d. dorsalis Unknown None E (Eastern ZigZag Salamander)

Plethodon wehrlei Unknown None E (Wehrle's Salamander)

Pseudacris brachyphona Unknown None F (Mountain Chorus Frog) ------N O R T H CAROLINA (Continued) 43

Current Current Recormnen­ Status Species Problem Protection dation

REPTILES

Endangered Alligator mississippiensis '' Hab. Dest. Federal A,B,F (American Alligator) (C) Law Com. Exp.

Caretta c. caretta " Rab. Dest. State A,B,D (Atlantic Loggerhead) (C) Law Com. Exp.

Che Zonia mydas " Rab. Dest. State A,B,D (Green Turtle) (C) Law Com. Exp,

Derrnochelys c. coriacea Rab. Dest. Federal & A,B,D (Atlantic Leatherback) (C) State Law Com. E:,:p.

Eretmochelys i. imbricata'' Hab. Dest. Federal & A,B,D (Atlantic Hawksbill) (C) State Law Com. Exp.

Lepidochelys kempi * Hab. Dest. Federal & A,B,D (Atlantic Ridley) (C) State Law Com. Exp.

Threatened Clemmys muhlenberg{' Rab. Dest. None B,D,E (Bog Turtle) (C) Com. Exp.

Eumeces anthracinus Unknown None E,F (Coal Skink) # Lampropeltis getulus sticticeps Com. Exp. None A,B (Carolina Banks Kingsnake)

Peripheral Trionyx s. spinifer Unknown None F (Eastern Spiny Softshell)

Crotalus adamanteus Rab. Dest. None E,F,G (Eastern Diamondback Rattlesnake) (D)

Micrurus f. fulvius Rab. Dest. None E,F,G (Southeastern Coral Snake) (A, B)

N 0 R T H DA K 0 T A

AMPHIBIANS

Rare Bufo americanus Unknown None F,G (American Toad)

Hyla versicolor Unknown None F,G (Gray Treefrog)

Extirpated Necturus maculosus Unknown None (Mudpuppy) 44 N O R T H DAKOTA (Continued) Curr ent Current Recommen­ Species Status Problem Protection dation

REPTILES

Rare Trionyx mutieus Stabl e None E,F,G (Smooth Softshell)

Peripheral Sceloporus graciosus Stabl e Federal E,F,G (Sagebrush Lizard) Land only

0 H I 0

AMPHIB I ANS

Threatened Hemidactylium scutatum Hab. Dest. None D,E (Four-toed Salamander) (A, C,D)

Rare Ambystoma t . tigrinum Hab. Dest. None D,E (Eastern Tiger Salamander) (A,B)

Cryptobranchus a . alleganiensis Hab. Dest. None E,F (Eastern Hellbende r) (E)

Peripheral Eurycea lucifuga Hab. Dest, None D,E (Cave Salamander) ( B, E)

Ambystoma laterale Hab. Dest. None D,E ( Blue- spott ed Sa l amander ) (B)

Ambystoma oracum Hab. Dest. No n e C,D (Marbled Sa amander) (B,D)

Aneides aeneus Hab, Dest. None F (Green Salamander) (D)

Extirpated Plethodon wehrlei Unknown None (Wehrle' s Sala!T'.ander)

REPTILES

En dangered Clemmys guttata Ha b . De st. None B,D (Spotted Turtle) (A,C)

Emydoidea blandingi Hab. Dest, None B,D (Blanding' s Turtle) (A,B,C) Com, E:: p,

Elaphe vulpina gloydi Hab . Dest, None B (Eastern Fox Snake ) (B,C) Com, Exp.

Natrix erythrogaster neglecta Hab. Dest. None B,F (Nort hern Copperbell y) (A,C) 0 H I 0 (Continued) 45

Stat us Spec i es Current Curr ent RecoTTilllen - Pro I:: l em Pro tect i on dation

Endanger ed Natrix sipedon insularum Hab . Dest . None B (Lake Erie Water snake ) (B,E)

Thcunnop his radix Unknown None p, (Plains Garte r Snake )

Threa tened Cr otalus horridus Hab. Dest . Non e B,C,G (Ti mber Rattlesnake) (A,D) Com . Exp .

Sistrurus c . catenatus# Hab. Dest. No ne G (Ea ster n Massasauga) (A,C) Corr. Exp .

Peripheral Leiolopisma laterale Hab. Dest. None G (Ground Skink) (D)

Lcunpropeltis getulus niger Com . E:-·p. Non e C,F (B l ack King Snake )

Vi r ginia v . valeriae Stable None F (Eastern Earth Snake)

OKLAHOMA

AM PHIBIANS

Threatened Eurycea tynerensis# Hab. Dest. None A,B (Oklahoma Salamander) (C)

Plethodon ouachitae# Hab . De st . None C,D (Ouachita Sa l amander) ( D)

Typhlotriton spelaeus H2.b, Dest . State A,B (Grotto Salamander) (C) Law 7 Com . Exp .

Peripheral Arnbystoma annulatum Unknown No ne F (Ringed Salamander)

Arnbystoma talpoideum Un known None F (Mole Salamander)

Arnphiuma tridactylum Unknown None F (Thr ee- toed Amphiuma)

Hemidactylium scutatum Unknown None F (Four- toed Salamander)

Hyla a . avivoca Stable None F (Western Bird-voiced Treefr og)

7ok l ahoma law protects cave - dwelling s pecies. 46 0 K LA H O M A (Continued)

Status Species Cu rrent Current Recommen- Problem Protection dation

Peripheral Hy la squire lla Unknown None F (Squirrel Tr eefrog)

ficaphiogus hamnondi Stable None F Hammon 's Spadefoot)

REPTILES

Endangered Alligator mississippiensis ,·, Hab, Dest. Federal A (Ame r ican Alligator) (C) Law Com. Exp.

Threatened Cemophora coccinea copei Unknown None F (Northern Scarlet Snake)

Peripheral Chrysemys picta belli Unknown None F (Western Painted Tu r tle)

Chry serrrys picta dorsalis Stable None F (Southern Pa i nted Turtle)

Grapterrrys geographica Unknown None F (Map Turtle)

Grapterrrys kohni Unknown None F (Mississippi Map Turtle)

Cnemidophorus tesselatus Unknown None F (Checkered Whiptail)

Phrynosoma modestum Unknown None B,F (Round- tai led Horned Lizard)

Sceloporus undulatus erythrocheilus Unknown None F (Red-l i pped Fence Lizard)

Uta stansburiana stejnegeri Stable None F (Deser t Side- blotched Lizar d)

Farancia abacura reiro.,;ardti Unknown None F (Western Mud Snake)

Regina rigida sinicola Unknown l'lone F (G ulf Crayfish Snake)

Thamnophis elegans vagrans Unknown None F (Pl ains Garter Snake)

Thamnophis radix haydeni Unknown None F (Western Plai ns Garter Snake) P E N N S Y L V A N I A 47

Current Current Recomrnen­ Status Species Problem Protection dation

AMPHIBIANS

Endangered Pseudacris triseriata kalmi Hab. Dest. Habitat D (New Jersey Chorus Frog) (B,D) Preserved

Rana utricularia Hab. Dest. Habitat D (Common Leopard Frog) (B,D) Preserved

Peripheral Ambystoma t . tigrinum Hab. Dest. None D (Extir- (Eastern Tiger Salamander) ( C, D) pated?) Aneides aeneus Unknown None E (Green Salamander)

Pseudotriton m. montanus Unknown None E (Eastern Mud Salarr:ander)

REPTILES

Endangered Chrysemys rubriventris Hab. Dest. State Law A,B,D (Red-bellied Turtle) (B,D) (bag limit)

Kinosternon s. subrubrum Hab. Dest. State Law B,D (Eastern Mud Turtle) (B) ( bag 1 imi t)

Crotalus horridus Hab. Dest. None B (Timber Rattlesnake) (B) Com. Exp.

Threatened Clemmys muhlenbergi " Hab. Dest. State Law A,B,D (Bog Turtle) (C) (bag limit) Corr:. Exp.

Sistrurus c. catenatus # Hab. Dest. None B (Eastern Massasauga) (A,C) Com. Exp.

Rare Clonophis kirtlandi Unknown None F (Kirtland's Water Snake)

Heterodon platyrhinos Hab. Dest. None F (Eastern Hognose Snake) (B, E)

Peripheral Emydoidea blandingi Hab. Dest. State Law B (Extir­ (Blanding's Turtle) (C) (bag 1 imi t) pated?)

(Ex tir­ Trionyx m. muticus Unknown State Law F pated?) (Midland Smooth Softshell) (bag limit)

Eumeces laticeps Stable None F (Broad-headed Skink) 48 P E N N S Y L V A N I A (Continued)

Current Current Recommen- Status Species Problem Protection dation

Peripheral Lampropeltis g. getulus Stable None E (Eastern Kingsnake)

Opheodrys aestivus Unknown None D (Rough Green Snake)

R H O D E ISLAND

AMPHIBIANS - None Reported

REPTILES

Endangered Clerrrmys muhlenbergi ,., Hab. Dest. None A,B (Extir­ (Bog Turtle) ( C) pated?) Com. Exp.

Crotalus horridus Rab. Dest. None B (Timber Rattlesnake) (B) Com. Exp.

Threatened Malaclemys t. terrapin Unknown None B (Northern Diamondback Terrapin)

S O U TH CAROLINA

AMPHIBIANS

Endangered Hy la andersoni " Hab. Dest. None A,B (Pine Barrens Treefrog) (A,B)

Threatened Ambystoma cingulatum Hab. Dest. None B,D,F (Flatwoods Salamander) (A,D)

P3ethodon d. dorsalis Rab. Dest. None C,D,F (Eastern Zig Zag Salamander) (A,D)

Rana heckscheri Hab. Dest. None D,F (River Frog) ( C)

Peripheral Aneides aeneus Hab. Dest, None D,E,F (Green Salamander) (C)

REPTILES

Endangered Alligator mississippiensis Hab, Dest. Federal & A,E (American Alligator) ( C) State Law Com, Exp,

Gopherus po lyphemus # Hab. Dest, None B (Gopher Tortoise) (D) S O U T H CAROLINA (Continued) 49

Current Current Recorrrrnen- Status Species Problem Protection dation

Endangered Crotalus adainanteus Hab. Dest. None D,E,F (Eastern Diamondback Rattlesnake) (D) Com. Exp.

Crotalus horridus Hab. Dest. None D,E,F (Timber Rattlesnake) (B,D) Com. Exp.

Peripheral Ewneces anthracinus pluvialis Stable None D,E,F (Southern Coal Skink)

S O U T H DAKOTA

AMPHIBIANS

Rare Hyla versicolor Stable None F,G (Gray Treefrog)

Extirpated Necturus maculosus Unknown F (Mudpuppy)

REPTILES

Rare Emydoidea blandingi Hab. Dest. None E,F,G (Blanding's Turtle) ( C)

Terrapene ornata Stable None F,G (Ornate Box Turtle)

Ewneces multivirgatus Unknown None F,G (Many-lined Skink)

Sceloporus graciosus Unknown None F,G (Sagebrush Lizard)

Natrix s. sipedon Unknown None F,G (Northern Water snake)

Storeria dekayi Unknown None F,G (Brown Snake)

Thamnophis s. sauritus Unknown None F,G (Eastern Ribbon Snake)

Peripheral Tropidoclonion l. lineatum Unknown None F,G (Northern Lined Snake)

Extirpated Ewneces fasciatus Unknown None F (Five-lined Skink)

I L.__ so T E N N E S S E E

Current Current Recommen- Status Species Problem Protection dation

AMPHIBIANS

Threatened Eu:r>ycea aquatica Stable None F (Aquatic Brook Salamander) # Gyrinophilus palleucus Hab. Dest. None A,B (Tennessee Cave Salamander) (C,E)

Peripheral Ambystoma talpoideum Hab. Dest. None E,F (Mole Salamander) (C)

REPTILES

Rare Macroclemys temmincki Com. Exp. State C,F (Alligator Snapping Turtle) Law

T E X A S

AMPHIBIANS

Endangered Eu:r>ycea latitans " Hab. Dest. State A,B,E,F, (Cascades Caverns Salamander) (C) Law G

Eurycea nana " Stable State B,D,E (San Marcos Salamander) Law

·;',: Typhlomolge rathbuni Stable Federal & A,B,D,E, (Texas Blind Salamander) State Law F,G

Bufo houstonensis Hab. Dest. Federal & A,B,D,E, (Houston Toad) (A,B) State Law G

Rare Eurycea tridentifera Stable State Law B,D,E,F, (Honey Creek Cave Salamander) Pending G

Eurycea troglodytes Stable State Law B,D,E,F (Valdina Farms Salamander) Pending G

Rhinophrynus dorsalis Stable State Law E,F (Burrowing Toad) Pending

Peripheral Ambystoma talpoideum Stable None E,G (Mole Salamander)

Bufo americanus Stable None E,F (American Toad)

Hy la arenico lor Stable None E,F (Canyon Treefrog)

Leptodactylus labialis Stable State Law E,F,G (White-lipped Frog) Pending

Rana grylio Stable None E,F (Pig Frog) T E X A s (Continued) 51

Current Current Recomrnen- Status Species Problem Protection dation

Peripheral Smilisca baudini Stable None E,F (Mexican Smilisca)

Syrrhophus cystignathoides Stable State Law E,F (Rio Grande Chirping Frog) Pending

Syrrhophus guttilatus Stable None E,F (Spotted Chirping Frog)

REPTILES

Endangered Alligator mis sis sippiensis '' Stable Federal & C,D,E,F, (American Alligator) State Law G

·k Caretta c. caretta Com. Exp, State A,B,D,E, (Atlantic Loggerhead) Law G

Chelonia m. mydas * Com. Exp. State A,B,D,E, (Atlantic Green Turtle) Law G

;';: Dermochelys c. coriacea Com, Exp. Federal & A,B,D,E, (Atlantic Leatherback) State Law G ,·, Eretmochey ls i. imbricata Com. Exp. Federal & A,B,D,E, (Atlantic Hawksbill) State Law G

·k Kinosternon hirtipes murryi Com. Exp, State Law A,B,D,E, (Mexican Mud Turtle) Pending F,G

·-k Lepidochelys kempi Com. _ Exp, Federal & A,B,D,E, (Atlantic Ridley) State Law G

Threatened Elaphe subocularis # Com, Exp, State Law C,E,F (Trans-pecos Rat Snake) Pending

Lamprope l tis mexicanus # Com. Exp, State Law C,E,F (Davis Mountain Kingsnake) Pending

Rare Coniophanes imperialis Hab. Dest. None B,E,F (Black-striped Snake) (A,B) Com. Exp,

OpheocJx,ys vernalis blanchardi Hab. Dest, None E,F (Western Smooth Green Snake) (B)

Pituophis melanoleucus ruthveni # Hab, Dest. None B ( Louisiana Pine Snake) (B,D)

Tantilla rubra Stable None E,F (Red Black-headed Snake)

Peripheral Chrysemys gaigae Stable None E,F (Big Bend Turtle)

Cnemidophorus neomexicanus Stable None E,F (New Mexico Whiptail) 52 T E X A S (Continued)

Current Current Recommen­ Status Species Problem Protection dation

Peripheral Cnemidophorus septemvittatus Stable None E,F (Rusty-rumped Whiptail)

Cnemidophorus uniparens Stable None E,F (Desert-grassland Whiptail)

Coleonyx reticulatus Stable None E,F,G (Reticulated Gecko)

Phrynosoma douglassi ornatissimum Unknown State E,F (Desert Short-horned Lizard) Law

Sceloporus g. graciosus Stable None E,F (Northern Sage Brush Lizard)

Sceloporus grarmnicus Stable None E,F (Mesquite Lizard)

Carphophis vermis Stable None E,F (Western Worm Snake)

Drymobius margaritiferus Hab, Dest, State Law B,E,F (Speckled Racer) (A,B) Pending Com, Exp,

Leptode-~ra s. septentrionalis Hab. Dest, State Law F (Texas Cat-eyed Snake) (A) Pending

Salvadora hexalepis Stable None E,F (Western Patch-nosed Snake)

Sonora semiannulata Stable None E,F (Western Ground Snake)

Thamnophis radix Stable None E,F (Plains Garter Snake)

UT AH

AMPHIBIANS

Peripheral Bufo punctatus Stable None E,F (Red-spotted Toad)

REPTILES

Endangered Arizona elegans eburnata Unknown None E,F (Desert Glossy Snake)

Crotalus mitchelli pyrrhus Unknown None E,F (Speckled Rattlesnake)

Crotalus s. scutulatus Unknown None E,F (Mojave Rattlesnake)

Crotalus v. viridis Com. Exp, None B,E,F (Prairie Rattlesnake) U T A H (Continued) 53

Current Current Reconnnen- Status Species Problem Protection dation

Endangered Leptotyphlops hwnilis Hab, Dest. None E,F (Western Blind Snake) (?)

Threatened Heloderma suspectwn Com. Exp, State B (Gila Monster) Law

Lampropeltis pyromelana # Com. Exp. Habitat B,E,F (Utah Mountain Kingsnake) Protected

Sonora semiannulata Hab. Dest. None E,F (Western Ground Snake) (?)

Peripheral Crotalus c. cerastes Com, Exp. None E,F (Mojave Desert Sidewinder)

Hypsiglena torquata ochrorhyncha Hab, Dest. Habitat E,F (Spotted Night Snake) (?) Protected

Lampropeltis getulus califo:rniae Unknown Habitat E,F (California Kingsnake) Protected

Phyllorhynchus decurtatus perkinsi Hab, Dest. None E,F (Western Leaf-nosed Snake) (?)

Salvadora hexalepis mojavensis Hab. Dest. None E,F (Mojave Patch-nosed Snake) (?)

Tantillo planiceps utahensis Hab, Dest. None E,F (Utah ~lack-headed Snake) (?)

Trimorvhodon l. lambda Unknown None E,F (Sonor~ Lyre Snake)

V I R G I N I A

AMPHIBIANS

Endangered Necturus o. ounctatus Hab. Dest, None E,G (Connnon o,'.,arf Waterdog) (B,C)

Threatened Necturus m. maculosus Hab. Dest. None E,G (Mudpuppy) (E)

Rana virgatipes Hab. Dest, None E,G (Carpenter Frog) (B,C)

Peripheral Siren lacertina Hab. Dest. None E,G (Greater Siren) (E) 54 V I R G I N I A (Continued)

Current Current Recornmen - Status Species Problem Protection dation

REPTILES

-;'( Endangered Clerrmys muhlenbergi Hab. Dest. None A,B,G (Bog Turtle) (C)

Pituophis m. melanoleucus Hab. Dest. None B,C,D (Northern Pine Snake) (A,B,D) Com. Exp.

Threatened Clemmys insculpta Hab. Dest. None E,G (Wood Turtle) (B) Com. Exp.

Peripheral Crotalus horridus Hab. Dest. None B,D (Timber Rattlesnake) (A,B,D)

Lampropeltis trianyulum elapsoides Com, Exp. None B,E (Scarlet Kingsnake

WA S H I N G T 0 N

AMPHIBIANS

Endangered Bufo woodhousei Stable, None C,F (Woodhouse's Toad) Restricted Range

Threatened Plethodon ZarseUi # Hab. Dest. None B,F (Larch Mountain Salamander) (B)

Peripheral Plethodon dunni Stable None C,F (Dunn's Salamander)

REPTILES

Threatened Clerrmys m. marmorata Hab. Dest. None B,F (Northwestern Pond Turtle) (B,C)

Peripheral Gerrhonotus multicarinatus scincicauda Stabl e None F (Oregon Alligator Li zard)

Contia tenuis Unknown None B,F (Sharp-tailed Snake)

Diadofhis punctatus amabilis Hab. Dest. None F (Paci ic Ringneck Snake) (C)

Hypsiglena torquata Hab. Dest. None C,F (Night Snake) (C)

Lampropeltis zonata Com. Exp. None B,F (California Mountain Kingsnake)

Masticophis t. taeniatus Hab. Dest. None C,F (Des ert Striped Whipsnake) ( C) W E S T V I R G I N I A 55

Status Species Current Current Recommen- Problem Protection dation

AMPHIBIANS

Threatened Plethodon nettinj,_i # Hab. Dest. State B,C (Cheat Mountain alamander) (D) Com. Exp.

REPTILES

Peripheral Elaphe g. ~uttata Unknown None C,D (Corn Snake)

Lampropeltis g. getulus Unknown None B (Eastern Kingsnake)

Pituophis m. melanoleucus Com. Exp. None B (Northern Pine Snake)

Virginia valeriae pulchra Unknown None C,D (Mountain Earth Snake)

W I S C O N S I N

AMPHIBIANS

Threatened Hemidactylium scutat um Hab. Dest. Habitat D,E,G (Four-toed Salamander) (C) Protected

Rana catesbeiana Com. Exp. State B,C,D,E, (Bullfrog) Law F,G

Rana palustris Hab. Dest. State Law B,D,E,G (Pick ere 1 Frog) (C) Pending Com. Exp.

REPTILES

Endangered Clemrnys insculpta Hab. Dest. State Law B,E,F,G (Wood Turtle) (C) Pending Com. Exp.

Sistrurus c. catena tus # Hab. Dest. State A,C,D,E, (Eastern Massa sauga) (A) Law F,G Com. Exp.

Threatened Ophisaurus a . attenuatus Hab. Dest. State Law B,C,D,E, (Western Slender Glass Lizard) (A) Pending F,G

Peripheral Terrapene ornata Hab. Dest. State A (Ornate Box Turtle) (A) Law

Cnemi dophorus sexlineatus Hab. Dest. State B, C,D,E, (Six-lined Racerunner) (E) Law F,G 56 W I S C 0 N S I N (Continued)

Current Current Recormnen- Status Species Problem Protection dation

Peripheral Regina s ep temvi ttata Hab. Dest. State A (Queen Snake) (C) Law

Thamnophis butleri Hab. Dest. State Law C,D,E,F, (Butler's Garter Snake) (D) Pending G TABLE I: Nationally Threatened Amphibians and Reptiles# 57

AMPHIBIANS

Species State ~ SAIAMANDERS

Ambystoma tigrinwn californiense California Threatened (California Tiger Salamander)

Amphiwna pholeter Florida Threatened (One-toed Amphiuma)

Aneides hardyi New Mexico Threatened (Sacramento Mountain Salamander)

Eurycea tynerensis Arkansas Peripheral (Oklahoma Salamander) Missouri Rare Oklahoma Threatened

Gryinophilus palleucus Alabama Rare (Tennessee Cave Salamander) Georgia Threatened Tennessee Threatened

Hydromantes shastae California Threatened (Shasta Salamander)

Necturus lewisi North Carolina Threatened (Neuse River Waterdog)

Notophthalmus perstriatus Florida Threatened (Striped Newt) Georgia Peripheral

Phaeognathus hubrichti Alabama Threatened (Red Hills Salamander)

Plethodon Zarselli Washington Threatened (Larch Mountain Salamander)

Plethodon nettingi West Virginia Threatened (Cheat Mountain Salamander)

Plethodon ouachitae Oklahoma Threatened (Ouachita Salamander)

Plethodon stormi California Threatened (Siskiyou Mountain Salamander)

Pseudobranchus striatus lustricolus Florida Threatened (Gulf Hammock Siren)

FROGS

Rana areolata aesopus Florida Threatened (Florida Crawfish Frog) Georgia Threatened

#Species considered threatened in states encompassing more than 75% of its range. 58 TABLE I (Continued)

Species State Status

FROGS (Continued)

Rana maslini Colorado Threatened (Maslin's Woodfrog)

Rana tarahumarae Arizona Threatened (Tarahumara Frog)

REPTILES

TURTLES

Chrysemys alabamensis Alabama Threatened (Alabama Red-bellied Turtle) Florida Threatened

Chrysemys concinna suwanniensis Florida Threatened (Suwannee River Cooter)

Gopherus polyphemus Alabama Threatened (Gopher Tortoise) Florida Threatened Georgia Threatened Louisiana Endangered Mississippi Threatened South Carolina Endangered

Graptemys barbouri Alabama Threatened (Barbour's Map Turtle) Florida Rare Georgia Threatened

Graptemys flavimaculata Mississippi Threatened (Yellow-blotched Map Turtle)

Graptemys oculifera Mississippi Threatened (Ringed Map Turtle)

Kinosternon b. bauri Florida Threatened (Key Mud Turtle)

Malaclemys terrapin rhizophorarum Florida Threatened (Mangrove Diamond-backed Terrapin)

Sternotherus minor depressus Alabama Threatened (Flattened Mud Turtle)

LIZARDS

Anniella pulchra California Threatened (Californi~ Legless Lizard)

Cnemidophorus hyperythrus beldingi California Threatened (Orange-throated Whiptail)

Eumeces e. egregius Florida Threatened (Striped Mole Skink)

Eumeces egregius insularis Florida Threatened (Cedar Key Mole Skink) TABLE I (Continued) 59

Species State

LIZARDS (Continued)

Eumeces egregius lividus Florida Threatened (Blue-tailed Mole Skink)

Gerrhonotus panamintinus California Threatened (Panamint Alligator Lizard)

Neoseps reynoldsi Florida Threatened (Sand Skink)

Phrynosoma coronatum blainvillei California Threatened (San Diego Horned Lizard)

SNAKES

Crotalus w. willardi Arizona Threatened (Arizona Ridge-nosed Rattlesnake)

Diadophis punctatus acricus Florida Threatened (Big Pine Key Ringneck Snake)

Elaphe subocularis New Mexico Peripheral (Trans-pecos Rat Snake) Texas Threatened

Lampropeltis getulus sticticeps North Carolina Threatened (Carolina Banks Kingsnake)

Lampropeltis mexicanus Texas Threatened (Davis Mountain Kingsnake)

Lampropeltis p. pyromelana New Mexico Peripheral (Arizona Mountain Kingsnake) Utah Threatened

Lampropeltis triangulum celaenops Colorado Peripheral (New Mexico Milksnake) New Mexico Threatened

Masticophis lateralis euryxanthus California Threatened (Alameda Striped Racer)

Pituophis melanoleucus lodingi Alabama Threatened (Black Pine Snake) Louisiana Threatened Mississippi Endangered

Pituophis melanoleucus ruthveni Louisiana Threatened (Louisiana Pine Snake) Texas Rare

Sistrurus c. catenatus Indiana Rare (Eastern Massasauga) Iowa Rare Minnesota Threatened Missouri Rare Nebraska Rare New York Threatened Ohio Threatened Pennsylvania Threatened Wisconsin Endangered -'~------~

60 TABLE I ( Con tinued)

Spec i es Sta te Status

SNAKES (Continued)

Stor eria dekayi vi cta Florida Threat ened (Florida Brown Snake)

Tanti lla oolitica Florida Threat ened (Rim Rock Crowned Snake)

Thamnophis couchi gigas California Threatened (Giant Garter Snake )

Thamnophis couchi hammondi California Threatened ( Two-st riped Garter Snake )

Thamnophis sauritus sackeni Florida Threatened (Florida Ribbon Sn ak e ) TABLE II: Nationally Endangered Amphibians and Reptiles 61

AMPHIBIANS

Species State Status

SALAMANDERS

Ambystoma macrodactylum cr oceum Calif ornia Endangered (Santa Cruz Long- t oe d Salamander)

Batrachoseps aridus California Endangered (De sert Slender Salamander)

Batrachoseps simatus Calif ornia Endangered (Ke rn Canyon Slender Salamander)

Ba trachoseps stebbensi California Endangered (Tehachapi Slender Salamander)

Eurycea Zatitans Texas Endangered (Cascades Cave Salamander)

Eurycea nana Texas Endangered (San Marcos Salamander)

Haideotr iton wallacei Florida Threatened (Georgia Blind Salamander) Georgia Endangered

Hydromantes brunus California Endangered (Limestone Salamander)

Plet hodon longicrus North Carolina Endangered (Crevic e Salamander)

Plethodon neomexicanus New Mexico Endangered (Jemez Mountains Salamander)

Typhlomolge rat hbuni Texas Endangered (Texas Blind Salamander)

FROGS/TOADS

Bufo exsul California Endangered (Black Toad)

Hyla andersoni Florida Endangered (Pine Barrens Treefrog) Georgia Endangered New Jersey Threatened South Carolina Endangered

Hyla wrightorum Arizona Endangered (Arizona Treefrog) (Ex tirpated?)

Hylactophryne augusti latrans New Mexico Endangered (Eastern Barking Frog)

* Spec i es considered endangered in s t ates encompassing more than 75% of its range. ---,

62 TABLE II (Continued)

REPTILES

Species State Status

CROCODILIANS

AZ Zigator mississippiensis ,,, Alabama Endangered (American Alligator) Arkansas Endangered Florida Threatened Georgia Endangered Mississippi Endangered Nor.th Carolina Endangered Oklahoma Endangered South Carolina Endangered Texas Endangered

CrocodyZus acutus Florida Endangered (American Crocodile)

TURTLES

Caretta c. ca:r>etta Alabama Endangered (Atlantic Loggerhead) Delaware Endangered Florida Endangered Maryland Endangered Mississippi Endangered North Carolina Endangered Texas Endangered

CheZonia m. mydas Alabama Endangered (Atlantic Green Turtle) Delaware Endangered Florida Endangered Maryland Endangered Mississippi Endangered North Carolina Endangered Texas Endangered

CZemmys muhZenbergi Connecticut Endangered (Bog Turtle) Delaware Threatened Georgia Endangered Maryland Endangered New Jersey Endangered New York Endangered North Carolina Threatened Pennsylvania Threatened Rhode Island Endangered (Extirpated?) Virginia Endangered

DermocheZys c. coriacea Alabama Endangered (Atlantic Leatherback) Delaware Endangered Florida Threatened Georgia Endangered Maryland Endangered North Carolina Endangered Texas Endangered TABLE II (Continued) 63 Species State

TURTLES (Continued)

Eretmochelys i. imbricata Alabama Endangered (Atlantic Hawksbill) Florida Endangered Georgia Endangered Maryland Endangered North Carolina Endangered Texas Endangered

Kinosternon hirtipes murryi Texas Endangered (Mexican Mud Turtle)

Lepidochelys kempi Alabama Endangered (Atlantic Ridley) Delaware Endangered Florida Endangered Georgi.a Endangered Maryland Endangered North Carolina Endangered Texas Endangered

LIZARDS

Crotaphytus silus California Endangered (Blunt-nosed Leopard Lizard)

SNAKES

Crotalus lepidus klauberi Arizona Threatened (Banded Rock Rattlesnake) New Mexico Endangered

Crotalus willardi silus New Mexico Endangered (Chihuahuan Ridge-nosed Rattlesnake)

Drymarchon corais couperi Alabama Threatened (Eastern Indigo Snake) Florida Endangered Georgia Threatened Mississippi Endangered

Masticophis flagellum ruddocki California Endangered (San Joaquin Whipsnake)

Natrix fasciata taeniata Florida Endangered (Florida Salt Marsh Water Snake)

Stilosoma extenuatum Florida Endangered (Short-tailed Snake)

Thamnophis sirtalis tetrataenia California Endangered (San Francisco Garter Snake)

I l_ a, .i:-

SPECIES STATUS SHEET

State Name of Person Reporting

Address (Institution)

Species Common Name Species Scientific Name

Status Category (Circle one): Endangered Threatened Peripheral Rare Extirpated

Why do you place the animal in the above category?

Original distribution within the state:

Present distribution: ,

What current probl em(s) is (are) involved in the decline of this speci es (seep. 2)?

Number of known specimens (if less than ~ :

How many localities do the specimens cited above represent?

What protection does this species have in your state [cite existing l aws by code number (exampl e : New Mexico State Game Commission Regulation No. 563) ] ?

Cite literature references which:

1) document the status assigned to this species (if any such literature exists);

2) reviews or presents ecol ogical or natural history information.

Attach additional pages or documentation as needed.

a­ v,

Published in 1976 by the SOCIETY FOR THE STUDY OF AMPHIBIANS AND REPTILES

MISCELLANEOUS PUBLICATIONS Herpetological Circular No. 5

George R. Pisani, Editor Biology Department University of Kansas Lawrence , Kansas 66045

Single copies are available at U. S. $3.00 each ($2. 25 each for orders of 20 or more) including postage. Orders may be sent to Henri C. Seibert, Department of Zoology, Ohio University, Athens , Ohio 45701 , U.S.A.

A list of other Society publications, including those of the Ohio Herpetological Society, Facsimile Reprints in Herpetology, Herpetological Review , and the Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles, will be sent on request, by writing the Publications Secretary, Henri C. Seibert (address above) .

Membership in the Society includes subscription to the circular series, fascimile reprint series , the Society ' s technical journal (Journal of Herpetoloqy), and a newsletter. Currently, Regular dues are $10.00 ($8 . 00 for students}; Sustaining $15 . 00, Contributing $20.00. Institutional subscriptions are $20.00. All inquiries about membership or subscriptions should be addressed to the Treasurer, Henri C. Seibert (address above). HERPETOLOGICAL CIRCULARS

1. A Guide to Preservation Techniques for Amphibians and Reptiles by George R. Pisani. Pp. 1-22. July 1973.

2. Guia de Tecnicas de Preservacion de Anfibios y Reptiles por George R. Pisani y Jaime Villa. Pp . 1-28. April 1974.

3 . Collections of Preserved Amphibians and Reptiles in the United States compiled by the Committee on Resources in Herpetology. Pp. 1-22. July 1975.

4. A Brief Outline of Suggested Treatments for Diseases of Captive ,, Reptiles by James B. Murphy. Pp . 1-13. August 1975.

5. Endangered and Threatened Amphibians and Reptiles in the United States compiled by Ray E. Ashton, Jr. Chairman and the 1973-74 SSAR Liaison Committee to Regional Societies. Pp. 1-65. April 1976.

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