Internet and Intranet Administration Course Designer and Acquisition Editor Centre for Information Technology and Engineering Manonmaniam Sundaranar University Tirunelveli Internet and Intranet Administration Centre for Information Technology and Engineering, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University CONTENTS Lecture 1 1 Internet Linking to the Internet Internet address Internet tools Information retrieval tools Communication tools Multimedia information tools Information search tools Lecture 2 12 Intranet Intranet Vs. Groupware Intranet Hardware Intranet Software Intranet Services Extranet Lecture 3 25 Internet server Web protocols Browser Future of internet and intranet Lecture 4 51 The evolution of TCP/IP The rise of the internet TCP/IP protocol architecture TCP/IP core protocols TCP/IP application interfaces Lecture 5 72 IP addressing Basic Address scheme Address classes Dotted-decimal notation Networking basics Host restrictions Subnets Domain name system Lecture 6 90 Subnet mask Subnetting Centre for Information Technology and Engineering, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University Variable length subnetting Supernetting and classless interdomain routing Public & private addresses Lecture 7 110 Internet protocol The ip header Address resolution Tcp source and destination port FTP Telnet Http Lecture 8 127 Network infrastructure Component of network infrastructure Ethernet Token ring Fiber distributed data interface Fast Ethernet Asymmetric digital subscriber line Lecture 9 147 ISP Need of ISP Basic connections Bulletin board systems Not-so-basic connections Need of not-so-basic connection Lecture 10 157 Services of Internet Domain name services Web site development and specialized browsers Account management Network operations center Connection type Security Lecture 11 168 Virtual server Evaluation of isp Quality of service Isp backbone Value added services Centre for Information Technology and Engineering, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University Lecture 12 175 Internet services Secure services Web client security issues Web server security issues Remote access Real time conference services Administrative services Lecture 13 199 Router technology Network fundamentals Internet routing Routing protocols Routing software Mobile routing Lecture 14 212 Web’s roots Web servers Transport issues Web access Connection modes Publishing web server Lecture 15 223 Internet security Firewalls Securing internet applications Virus checking and scanning Security administration Lecture 16 242 Firewall Firewall technologies Packet filtering Firewall architecture Firewall design Lecture 17 261 Proxy server Proxy services Why proxy? How proxying works Proxy server terminology Proxying without a proxy server Centre for Information Technology and Engineering, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University Lecture 18 264 Packet filtering Filtering by address Filtering by service Packet filtering router Rules of filtering Lecture 19 287 Internet application Tools and utilities Communication Email Internet relay chat WWW URL Browser Lecture 20 303 Internet Vs intranet Do you need to intranet? Increase communication User friendly Benefits of intranet Lecture 21 313 Internet & intranet web site development Intranet application Organizational web pages Distributed strategy Web master Lecture 22 329 IIS Microsoft internet assistants Intranet search engine Alta vista Excite Intranet toolbox Platform independent pages Lecture 23 346 Wires and fibers Remote access considerations Network management Resource and device management Centre for Information Technology and Engineering, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University Cross platform management Web based network management Lecture 24 357 Definition of online services Technology trends Profiles of major online service provider America online Prodigy Microsoft network Lecture 25 369 Shareware, freeware & crippleware Other internet server Distributed management DMI service provider Lecture 26 378 Broadband communication Services and requirement Network architecture supporting broadband ISDN Wireless Lecture 27 392 Broadband carrier services Frame relay ATM Virtual reality technologies Evolving virtual reality applicationsYZ Syllabus 404 YZ Centre for Information Technology and Engineering, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University Internet Fundamentals Lecture 1 Internet Fundamentals Objectives After completing this lesson, you should be able to do the following á Discuss about the International networking concepts. á Describe the Linkage of the Internet. á Describe new features of Internet tools. á Describe about various types of Internet tools. á Describe the Internet address. Centre for Information Technology and Engineering, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University 1 Internet and Intranet Administration Coverage Plan Lecture 1 1.1 Snap Shot 1.2 Internet 1.3 Linking to the Internet 1.4 Internet Address 1.5 Internet Tools 1.6 Information Retrieval Tools 1.7 Communication Tools 1.8 Multimedia Information Tools 1.9 Information Search Tools 1.10 Short Summary 1.11 Brain Storm Centre for Information Technology and Engineering, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University 2 Internet Fundamentals 1.1 Snap Shot In this lecture we learn about the Internet concepts is consist of a set of connected networks that act as an integrated whole. The chief advantage of an Internet is that it provides universal interconnections while allowing individual groups to use whichever network hardware is best suited to their needs. An international fabric of interconnected government, education, and business computer networks in effect, a network of networks. A person at a computer terminal or personal computer with the proper software communications across the internet by placing data in an IP packet and “addressing” the packet to a particular destination on the Internet. TCP guarantees end-to-end integrity. 1.2 Internet Internet was a stock it would be considered a market phenomenon, with sustained doubling growth and no apparent end in sight to the upward spiral. Recent Internet numbers are stunning. Between January 1993 and January 1994 alone, the number of nodes grew from 1,313,00 to 2,217,000, an impressive 69% increase. Over 70 countries have full Internet connectivity and about 150 have at least E-mail services. No discussion of telecommunications would be complete without discussing the Internet, referred to by its millions of users as the Net. The Net evolved from ARPANET, a research network created and subsidized in the 1960s by the Defense Department and the National Science Foundation (NSF) to link research institutions and government agencies around the world to exchange information on a wide range of topics. Although the original ARPANET no longer exists, its design and architecture laid the foundations for the Internet. The Net, one of the oldest long distance networks in the country, is a network of networks. It links approximately 1.5 million computers, attached to more than 13,000 networks, in 100 or more countries. Businesses use the Net for a number of tasks, such as sharing files, sending E-mail, and selling goods and services. Fewer than 1% of major companies today are not attached to the Internet. In fact, the Internet has become such an integral part of the corporate landscape that it is generating a number of entrepreneurial opportunities and highly specialized jobs: there are Internet explorers, security experts, technicians, librarians, trainers, and other service Centre for Information Technology and Engineering, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University 3 Internet and Intranet Administration providers. In fact, the Internet is becoming so common that many employers expect their new hires to have a working knowledge of it. Think of the Internet as a huge repository of information on almost every topic imaginable. People all over the world can search the net for information, add new information, and exchange views on different topics. The Internet is an electronic web that connects people and businesses that have access to networks and allows them to send and receive E-mail and to participate in a number of other activities, around the clock. In fact, the Internet is so huge, with such a wide variety of features, that there are few, if any, experts in the world who know everything about it. Thus in spite of its enormous power and potential, no one really owns the Internet, although some segments of it may have their own funding and guidelines. The primary workings of the Internet are funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF); the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), a committee of scientists and experts, provides technical supervision, standards, and guidelines for the Net. Any network connected to the Internet must abide by the standards established by the Internet Architecture Board. (IAB). 1.3 Linking to the Internet Internet has undergone explosive growth, primarily because of the exponential growth in PCs, both at work and in the home. Today, 70% of PC sales are targeted at the home market. Andy Grove, CEO of Intel (which makes Pentium and there chips for the PC market), points out that every 2 years the U.S. makes as many PCs as have existed in all preceding years. Before the spread of PCs, the Internet could be accessed only if an organization was site or node on the Net. Today, one can access the Internet through a company’s connection or through commercial online services or simply from a home PC. Further, there are a number of PC-based interfaces that facilitate interaction with the Net. For example, Cyberdog, a Macintosh-based tool, allows users to