International SOS Member Site - - Country Report 7/21/20, 3:43 PM

Bangladesh

Risk Ratings

HIGH MEDICAL RISK for Bangladesh MEDIUM TRAVEL RISK for Bangladesh HIGH TRAVEL RISK for Chittagong Hill Tracts; Dhaka Know My Risks

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Please see our:

Medical and Security Alerts for Bangladesh

COVID-19 information for Bangladesh

Dedicated COVID-19 website

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Travellers are most likely to be affected by varying levels of crime across the country. The risk of crime continues to be elevated in major urban centres, including the capital Dhaka, as well as Chittagong. Petty and opportunistic crime is also a concern nationwide, though incidents of violent crime against foreigners are rare.

Although the country has seen a decrease in recent years in protests and hartals (general strikes), these also remain a significant risk. This is specifically so in Dhaka where demonstrations over social and economic grievances can seriously affectnormal business activity and disrupt intra-city and intercity overland travel.

Following the 2016 Gulshan Artisan Bakery attack in Dhaka, the country's counter-terrorism capabilities have significantly improved. Nonetheless, there is an underlying and credible threat of a militant attack in the country as organisations such as the Jamaat-ul-Mujahideen Bangladesh (JMB), continue to operate regionally. As a regional political and commercial centre, Dhaka continues to face an elevated risk of terrorism. The kidnapping risk is low for foreigners.

Heavy rains during the monsoon period (June to October) usually cause flooding in low-lying areas, including the eastern districts of Dhaka as the city's drainage systems struggle to cope with the deluge.

This information is intended as a summary of the travel security environment; however, the risks can change at short notice during a crisis or evolving situation. Please check our travel security alerts to ensure you are informed of the most recent developments.

STANDING TRAVEL ADVICE Alerts

Continue to plan journeys accounting for intermittent travel disruption during monsoon season (Revised)

COVID-19: Security implications

COVID-19: Abide by country-specific advice as pandemic, associated consequences move into new phases

View All Alerts Alerts

Continue to plan journeys accounting for intermittent travel disruption during monsoon season (Revised)

Created and/or Modified: Monday, July 20, 2020 16:38:43 GMT

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Level: Notice Location: Bangladesh Category: Landslide, Flood, Road disruption

Members in Bangladesh should continue to plan journeys accounting for intermittent disruption to travel and essential services during the monsoon season until September. Heavy rainfall has affected over 2.6m people. The country’s north and northeastern regions have been worst hit, including Jamalpur (Mymensingh division), Gaibandha, Kurigram, Lalmonirhat and Nilphamari districts (all Rangpur division). According to the Flood Forecasting and Warning Centre (FFWC), water levels in several riverbanks in northern and north-eastern will continue to rise until at least 27 July, which will likely exacerbate the ongoing situation.

Advice

Inbound travellers

Continue to defer all travel to Bangladesh due to COVID-19-related restrictions (see separate alert).

In-country members

Monitor the Bangladesh Meteorological Department (BDM) and FFWC websites for up-to-date weather-related information. Be prepared to adjust itineraries at short notice. Flash floods and landslides are possible following prolonged spells of rain. Liaise with local contacts to ascertain the status of roads and feasibility of journeys before setting out. Follow all official directives. We do not hold information on specific flights or other modes of transport. Reconfirm schedules with the relevant service providers. In the event of cancellations, your travel agent will be able to assist with alternative arrangements. Monitor our alerts on Bangladesh for updates.

More detail

At least 79 people have been killed in weather-related incidents in the north, north-eastern and central regions since late June. Around 400 villages have also been heavily flooded and roads damaged across 11 divisions. Torrential rainfall and flooding are liable to cause further infrastructural damage, particularly in low-lying regions. Rural areas are also more prone to power and communications outages.

Road closures due to landslides more commonly occur in areas outside of main urban centres. Ferry services between Shimulia and Kathalbari terminals (Dhaka division) are liable to experience short-notice suspension in the event that the water levels of the rivers around Dhaka division rises. Temporary disruption to operations at the capital Dhaka’s Hazrat Shahjalal International (DAC) could also occur if heavy rainfall persists.

COVID-19: Security implications

Created and/or Modified: Monday, July 20, 2020 06:08:02 GMT

Level: Advisory Location: Bangladesh Category: COVID-19, Protest/Rally, Crime, Terrorism

Grievances over factory closures, arbitrary layoffs and inadequate relief distribution will continue to trigger social unrest amid the COVID-19 pandemic. Movement restrictions outside ‘red-zones’ have been completely lifted and business operations have gradually resumed. However, harsh economic conditions prompted by COVID- 19 restrictions and exacerbated by monsoon flooding will persist. With the resumption of activities, members should expect a gradual increase in the crime rate to the pre- pandemic level. Intermittent socio-economic protests should also be anticipated. Terror attacks remain possible in the country.

Advice

Managers

Closely monitor COVID-19 related developments for impacts on staff mobility or associated security risks. Ensure access to reliable, nuanced information to inform staff communication and business decision-making. Regularly re-evaluate whether it is best for your staff and dependants to remain in-country or to relocate. Consider the circumstances that influence their ability to remain in-country (and work with the restrictions, directives and mitigation measures of the authorities). This includes: The ability to procure basic goods and services. Access to communications. Medical care: the usual standard, access to quality care and the local health system’s capability to manage a sudden surge in demand. Whether the staff member is in a higher risk group for severe disease. The nature of the overall infrastructure and security environment in the country, including the potential for a deterioration in law and order, the risks posed by secondary security incidents, and possible increases in social unrest or wider instability exacerbated by the COVID-19 outbreak. The ability to stand fast amid a potential deterioration in law and order. Whether their resources and ability to subsist increases their profile and exposure to security risks in areas where there may be a shortage of basic goods. The ability and comfort level of staff to stay for an extended period at their destination with limited or no support. Ensure the strict compliance of your staff with local government containment efforts. Contact the local authorities to reconfirm the status of localities that have been identified as containment zones and if your business operations are accordingly permitted. Ensure country-specific Business Continuity Plans are regularly reviewed, focused on the next steps (these include mobility management, site operations and return to work) and based on official directives and health guidelines for COVID-19 management. Staff and dependants should be familiar with local security plans and know what actions to take in the event of an incident. Managers should ensure: Compliance with official mandates on the percentage of the workforce allowed to return to work, as well as staff rotation in certain essential departments. Remaining employees should continue to follow work-from-home measures. Social distancing SOPs disseminated by the government are regularly monitored for updates and are then incorporated in ‘return to work’ plans.

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Awareness and training programmes are developed for your varied workforce and operations sites, including utilising official COVID-19 helpdesk numbers and any district/city-level apps mandated for staff conducting business and travel. Check the Directorate General of Health Services (DGHS) dashboard and information portal for updates. All transport arrangements are in line with safety measures and health guidelines issued by the DGHS and the Public Administration Ministry. Site sanitation plans, lists of nearby hospitals for treating COVID-19 cases and quarantine or isolation zones for suspected cases are aligned with official directives for the workplace.

For further information, advice and current restrictions, see the International SOS medical alerts and the COVID-19 information within the Pandemic Information Site, including Travel Restrictions Flight Operations and Screening.

In-country members

Abide by all official directives, including curfew measures. Ensure all movement is aligned with the latest guidelines, specific to localities under partial/complete lockdown, and confirm the status of routes with local contacts or the authorities prior to setting out. Avoid long-distance overland travel. Travel by air if possible. Any necessary overland travel should be carried out with a private vehicle and driver. Ensure that your vehicle is in good condition. Carry a full medical kit (as directed by the health ministry), spares and, in case of longer journeys, enough fuel, emergency food supplies and water. Ensure that important/relevant contact details are saved in your mobile phone or at hand to maintain adequate communication throughout the journey. Ensure that you have arranged accommodation at your destination prior to setting out. Travel in daylight hours only, planning journeys to allow time for delays such as a vehicle breakdown. Plan to reach your destination before 22.00 (local time) to avoid violating any curfew measures. Carry documents that validate your movement. Individuals travelling to the capital Dhaka’s Hazrat Shahjalal International (DAC), Shah Amanat International (CGP, Chittagong division), Osmani International (ZYL, Sylhet division), Jashore (JSR, Jessore division) and Saidpur (SPD, Rangpur division) airports from other cities for repatriation flights should carry documents relevant to their flight booking, including those arranged through their respective embassy and/or organisation. This is to assist seamless passage through any checkpoints leading into the capital. Understand your company’s medical and security triggers for changes to in-country posture. Regularly re-evaluate whether it is best for you and your family to remain in-country or to relocate. Consider the circumstances that influence your ability to remain in-country, such as: Your ability to work with the restrictions, directives and mitigation measures of the authorities. The medical and security threats likely to be impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic (see further detail in the considerations above). Avoid all demonstrations due to the risk of unrest. Monitor our alerts on Bangladesh for updates.

Inbound travellers

Defer all travel to Bangladesh due to limited commercial flight options. Follow official directives. Continue monitoring the Civil Aviation Authority of Bangladesh (CAAB) and the Ministry of Public Administration (MOPA) websites for the latest updates regarding visa restrictions and conditions for entry into Bangladesh, as well as related quarantine measures. Avoid rumours and misinformation. Monitor and confirm developments by liaising with the authorities, including the nearest Bangladesh embassy or consulate. Liaise with your embassy regarding possible travel to Bangladesh on charter flights amid the limited outbound international flights options. Those who decide to travel to Bangladesh with the resumption of flights should consider the following potential factors before travel: The risk of further expansion of the pandemic and enhanced local-level restrictions by the authorities limiting internal movement. The reduction of flights by international carriers due to reduced demands following these restrictions, limiting outbound travel options. The risk of a mandatory period of quarantine in Bangladesh or upon return to your home location, or restrictions for onward travel elsewhere.

Health advice from International SOS

Do not travel if you are sick. Travellers who are sick face the risk of being tested and quarantined. Monitor your health. Seek medical attention if you develop flu- like symptoms, following the local procedure for your location. To prevent any respiratory illness, pay attention to hygiene: wash your hands frequently, carry hand sanitiser for use when soap and water are not readily available, avoid touching your face, cover coughs and sneezes, and avoid sharing food, drinks and personal items. Avoid crowded places. In public areas, as much as possible, keep three to six feet (1-2 metres) away from others. Consider wearing a mask when in public. Check the official requirements. See general information on wearing masks. Some authorities are advising that anyone more than six months of age should receive a flu vaccine, as this will reduce the risk of seasonal flu and possible confusion with COVID-19 symptoms. For further medical information and advice, see the current International SOS medical alerts and the COVID-19 information within the Pandemic Information Site.

More detail

Economic implications

The country’s economy and workforce has been adversely affected by both the pandemic and ongoing monsoon floods, which has significantly impacted north-eastern areas. Damage to transport infrastructure has disrupted relief distribution. This is expected to persist over the coming weeks.

Social unrest

While discontent over the economic downturn had resulted in near-daily protests throughout June, this has slowed in the first two weeks of July. Although the cancellation of orders by international brands has continued, the ready-made garment (RMG) industry is gradually showing signs of recovery, albeit to a limited extent.

Nonetheless, more than 2,000 factories have ceased operations in six industrial zones across the country thus far. The majority of these were involved with RMG exports. Additionally, slowing global demand for such goods means that factories will continue to operate with a limited capacity and manpower, adversely affecting workers who are largely dependent on daily or monthly wages. Related intermittent protests are therefore possible across the clusters of RMG factories in Ashulia, Gazipur, Narayanganj (all Dhaka division), Mymensingh (Mymensingh division) and Khulna (Khulna division) districts. These are liable to be forcibly dispersed by the police with measures such tear gas and rubber bullets.

On 2 July, the government announced the closure of all state-run jute mills due to recurring losses, rendering more than 25,000 workers jobless. The decision prompted localised protests in Chattogram, Khulna and Rajshahi divisions. Further demonstrations are expected, though these are likely to be confined to the vicinity of factories.

Amid an increasing number of COVID-19 cases in the country, a lack of co-ordination and alleged widespread misappropriation of government funds have resulted in an uptick of social grievances among the middle-class. While such discontent is unlikely to result in widespread protests due to the fear of spreading infection, sporadic https://www.internationalsos.com/MasterPortal/PrintDisplayPR.aspx Page 3 of 31 International SOS Member Site - - Country Report 7/21/20, 3:43 PM

unrest cannot be ruled out.

Crime

Local reports suggest an uptick in crime as movement restrictions have eased. This comes amid a reduced presence of security force personnel, including the military, as the focus has gradually shifted towards rehabilitation, relief work, and infrastructure recovery efforts.

Robbery and violent crime will continue to affect locals. However, foreigners may also be targeted by incidents of petty theft due to their perceived wealth.

Terrorism

Terrorism continues to pose a credible risk, particularly in urban centres, as highlighted by the continued arrest of militants by the Counter Terrorism and Transnational Crime (CTTC). Since the easing of restrictions, the authorities have detained at least seven militants from various parts of Dhaka. They have seized explosives and materials to produce improvised explosive devices (IEDs) during raids. While regular security operations have continued to mitigate the risk of large-scale, co-ordinated attacks, the recent arrests underscore the intent of militants to carry out one-off attacks. As highlighted by the crude-bomb explosions targeting police officers in Dhaka in 2019, such attempts would be inherently difficult to prevent.

Assessment

A successful economic recovery will be reliant not only on the lifting of restrictions, but also the resilience of business operations globally. Perceived mismanagement of relief materials will also continue to fuel unrest.

Opposition groups are likely to take advantage of growing public discontent against the government. While the latter has successfully cracked down on opposition-led protests in the past, the COVID-19 crisis poses an unprecedented problem that may test their capabilities and bolster the opposition’s morale and ranks.

An escalation in protests could lead to an increase in clashes between the police and protesters, as well as related blockades of arterial routes, such as the Dhaka- Mymensingh motorway. Prolonged protests may also negatively impact aid distribution efforts to other regions connected via the route, while blockades near Dhaka airport would severely hinder travel. The authorities will forcibly break up any disruptive protests, with measures such as batons, tear gas and rubber bullets, posing incidental risks to bystanders.

Meanwhile, Cyclone Amphan, which impacted the country in May, highlighted the challenges of the cyclone season, which lasts from April until November. Associated infrastructural damage will be exacerbated by heavy rainfall during the ongoing monsoon season (until September) and hinder emergency response efforts. While the cyclone’s landfall in India prevented significantly worse damage in Bangladesh, possible further cyclones and related impact in the coming months will further strain the country’s rescue/relief capabilities and any concurrent COVID-19 containment measures.

The shortage of relief goods due to COVID-19 restrictions and monsoon floods will likely trigger localised incidents of crime. Petty and opportunistic crime poses the main risk to in-country members. However, instances of vehicle theft, drug-related crimes and residential burglary also remain salient concerns.

Terrorism will continue to pose a threat in the country. While most attacks target security force personnel and traffic checkpoints, they tend to occur along crowded roads and in marketplaces. Venues where foreigners or the political elite are known to congregate, such as the lobbies of business-class hotels, restaurants and bars, are also vulnerable.

COVID-19: Abide by country-specific advice as pandemic, associated consequences move into new phases

Created and/or Modified: Friday, July 10, 2020 00:34:23 GMT

Level: Advisory Location: Afghanistan; American Samoa (US); Australia; Bangladesh; Bhutan; Brunei; Cambodia; China,Hong Kong (China SAR),Macao (China SAR); Cook Islands; East Timor; Fiji; French Polynesia (France); Guam (US); India; Indonesia; Japan; Kiribati; Laos; Malaysia; Maldives; Marshall Islands; Micronesia; Mongolia; Myanmar; Nauru; Nepal; New Caledonia (France); New Zealand; North Korea; Northern Mariana Islands (US); Pakistan; Palau; Papua New Guinea; Philippines; Samoa; Singapore; Solomon Islands; South Korea; Sri Lanka; Taiwan (China); Thailand; Tonga; Tuvalu; Vanuatu; Vietnam; Wallis and Futuna (France) Category: Travel restriction, COVID-19

A number of countries have relaxed some restrictions that aimed to contain the spread of COVID-19. This includes the relaxation of restrictions on internal movement, reopening of businesses and a resumption of some domestic and international travel. Nevertheless, strict measures remain in place, or are being re-imposed, in some locations where there is increasing case activity.

International SOS is issuing this global alert for all countries and territories. In some locations all travel should continue to be deferred, while for others essential travel can resume after undertaking an individual risk assessment of the COVID-19 situation and entry restrictions, including the potential for sudden changes. Please refer to our dedicated country pages and alerts for details and location-specific advice.

Advice

Managers

Closely monitor official advice and the extent of COVID-19 transmission and related developments for impacts on staff mobility or associated security risks. Review operational requirements such as: Whether it is practical for any relocated staff to return to certain locations Whether it is best for your staff and dependents to remain certain locations or to relocate The viability of contingency plans for a deterioration in the logistical, security and/or medical environment and impact of a re-imposition of local measures on business operations and the workforce in-country with minimal forewarning. Ensure country-specific Business Continuity Plans are regularly reviewed and focused on next steps. These include mobility management, site operations and return to work.

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Ensure the strict compliance of your staff with local government containment efforts. Check the COVID-19 Travel Restrictions Page or contact International SOS for quarantine measures in place or transportation status for specific locations prior to approving a trip. Consult our country pages for country-specific advice.

In-country members

Closely follow all official directives and abide by them. This includes any requirements to wear masks in public places, and self-isolation or quarantine obligations. Regularly re-evaluate whether it is best for you and your family to remain in-country or to relocate. Consider the circumstances that influence your ability to remain in-country. These include: Your ability to work with the restrictions, directives and mitigation measures of the authorities. The medical and security threats likely to be impacted by a COVID-19 outbreak. Closely monitor reliable sources for the extent of transmission in your location and information relating to security incidents or changes to internal mobility, including the International SOS country-specific alerts. Understand your company's medical and security triggers for changes to in-country posture. Prepare for an outbreak in your location: Ensure you have a plan to restrict your movements and social interactions, and if required, to stay home for 14 days or more. Keep yourself in the best possible health. Get the recommended amount of sleep each day, eat a healthy diet, and keep up regular physical activity. Speak to your doctor now about any chronic medical conditions you may have and get them under optimal control. Ensure you have adequate supplies of any necessary equipment and medication. Have your annual flu vaccination. Reduce the spread of infection: Consider wearing a face mask when in public. In some locations this is mandatory. See general information on wearing masks. Anyone who has any symptoms even if only mild should stay home and seek medical advice. Cough and sneeze into your elbow, not your hands. Do not shake hands, hug or kiss. Wash your hands frequently. Carry hand sanitiser for use when soap and water are not readily available. Avoid sharing food, drinks and personal items. Avoid touching your face. If you must touch objects that are handled by many people (such as handrails, doorknobs) ensure you do not touch your face. Practice social distancing: Keep 1-2 meters (3-6 feet) away from other people. Avoid crowded places. Social Distancing: Some people have COVID-19 without noticeable symptoms. Follow these measures: Consider staying home as much as practical. In public, try to maintain a distance of 1-2 meters (3-6 feet) from others. Use private vehicles if possible. Keep face-to-face interactions brief. Choose outdoor activities rather than indoor. Consider whether gatherings with friends and family should be minimised. For those who are sick: Stay at home and call for medical advice. Follow the local procedure for your area.

For further health information and advice, see the current International SOS medical alerts and the COVID-19 information within the Pandemic Information Site.

Inbound travellers

Defer either all or non-essential travel (depending on our country-specific advice). Understand your company's business-specific pandemic and business continuity plans and triggers for changes to in-country operations. Discuss all travel with management in accordance with your organisation's travel approval process. Review with your management the necessity of travelling against the potential risks. Consider the following factors: Reconfirm flights prior to departure. We do not hold information on specific flights or other modes of transport; contact the relevant service provider or your travel agent. Plan flexible itineraries taking into account any residual travel restrictions. Account for additional time required for likely health and temperature screening at airports and other transport hubs. Be mindful of any quarantine and isolation procedures being implemented at point of departure and destination.

More detail

An outbreak or resurgence of COVID-19 cases could occur at any time and location, and could escalate rapidly. This could lead to the re-imposition of border closures and localised restrictions, including lockdowns and business closures. Healthcare facilities may become strained or overloaded, limiting the ability to treat all illnesses, including COVID-19. Medical evacuations may be further constrained. From a security perspective, the socio-economic impact of COVID-19 will continue to resonate for some time. Ramifications will be distinct to local context but will likely exacerbate existing security challenges in the location.

International SOS continues to monitor related developments. Our risk assessment is made jointly by medical and security professionals, and accounts for current risk levels, as well as the likely evolution of risk in the coming weeks and months. Daily updated information on COVID-19-related restrictions worldwide is accessible on the COVID-19 Travel restrictions page of our International SOS Pandemic Information site. We will also continue to provide any necessary updates to significant mobility, logistical, medical and security implications, with corresponding advice, in dedicated country-specific alerts.

Health implications following cyclone Amphan

Created and/or Modified: Monday, June 22, 2020 08:01:33 GMT

Level: Advisory Location: Bangladesh Category: Cyclone https://www.internationalsos.com/MasterPortal/PrintDisplayPR.aspx Page 5 of 31 International SOS Member Site - - Country Report 7/21/20, 3:43 PM

Latest update: Ongoing health risks. Cyclone Amphan and associated heavy rains have led to extensive damage and flooding in parts of the country, as well as some fatalities. Response efforts are underway. Infrastructure damage has occurred including power, communications and health facilities. Food and safe drinking water may be limited. Increased health risks posed by the flood waters include injury, diarrhoeal diseases, skin infections, insect-borne diseases. Avoid flood waters, prevent mosquito bites and choose safe food and water. Follow the advice of local authorities as COVID-19 related restrictions are changing.

Advice

For essential staff and disaster relief responders, prior to travel:

Ensure routine vaccinations are up-to-date, and consider additional vaccinations (influenza, typhoid, Hepatitis A, cholera). Consult a travel health doctor or clinic for an individual health assessment.

For those in affected areas:

Follow the advice of local authorities and COVID-19 related restrictions are changing. Monitor the Bangladesh Meteorological Department (BMD) website. Avoid flood waters. If you must wade through waters, cover all cuts, wear protective clothing and footwear, and wash thoroughly afterwards. Minimise contact time with flood waters. Prevent mosquito bites. Use an effective insect repellent that contains DEET, Picaridin, PMD, or IR3535. Be careful to choose safe food and water, drink only boiled or bottled water, or canned or carbonated beverages. Avoid ice. Wash your hands with soap regularly and wash skin cuts/abrasions thoroughly. Treat skin infections early.

More detail

Cyclone Amphan made a landfall on 20 May bringing strong winds and heavy rain, damaging houses, crops and cutting power supplies to cities and towns. Millions of people across at least 15 districts are affected, dozens have died or been injured and hundreds of thousands of houses were destroyed or damaged. Tidal surges have led to a scarcity of safe drinking water.

Health implications

Natural disasters such as flooding place the affected population at increased medical risk. Transportation issues and shortages of power supplies may delay the appropriate treatment of injuries and illnesses. Flood waters can be polluted with effluent and chemicals and these may contaminate water supplies. There is an increased risk of diarrhoeal illness from contaminated food and water, and food that has spoiled due to lack of refrigeration. Wounds can become infected. There is also an increased risk of insect-borne illnesses in flood areas, which persists for some time after the event.

For More Information:

See "Malaria," "Cholera,""Travelers’ Diarrhea," "Typhoid," "Hepatitis A," "Dengue" and "Schistosomiasis" in the ‘Diseases and Prevention’ dropdown on the International SOS Location Guides. See "Disaster Preparedness Supplies," "Selecting Safe Food and Water" and "Preventing Mosquito, Tick and Other Insect Bites" articles in the ‘Travel Advice’ section on the International SOS Location Guides. See the International SOS Location Guide on Bangladesh. Contact any International SOS assistance centre.

Assessment

More heavy rains are likely which present the risk of further flooding and hampering disaster relief efforts. Response activities are impacted due to the ongoing COVID-19 outbreak. Damaged health infrastructure may take some time to be repaired. The risk of illness from contaminated food and water and insect-borne diseases may persists for some time after the event.

Advice for managers

For your staff in affected areas, ensure they have access to essential supplies.

Vaccinations For Bangladesh

Cholera Oral vaccination is recommended for travellers Read more Hepatitis A Recommended for all travellers and expatriates, Read more Hepatitis B Recommended for all travellers and expatriates. Read more Japanese encephalitis Vaccine is recommended for people who will Read more Rabies Consider for certain travellers, especially: For Read more

Typhoid fever Recommended for all travellers and expatriates. Read more

Yellow fever A yellow fever vaccination certificate is Read more

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Routine Vaccinations

All routine vaccinations should be current: these include Measles-Mumps-Rubella, Polio, Tetanus-Diphtheria-Pertussis, and Varicella. Annual influenza vaccination.

Other Medical Precautions

Before you go - See your doctor and dentist and ensure you are in the best health before you leave. Other preparations: Malaria Zika Virus Health Threats Alerts

Continue to plan journeys accounting for intermittent travel disruption during monsoon season (Revised)

COVID-19: Security implications

COVID-19: Abide by country-specific advice as pandemic, associated consequences move into new phases

View All Alerts

Summary

TRAVEL RISK SUMMARY

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Please see our:

Medical and Security Alerts for Bangladesh

COVID-19 information for Bangladesh

Dedicated COVID-19 website

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STANDING TRAVEL ADVICE

Advice amid COVID-19-related restrictions

Defer all travel due to restrictions related to COVID-19. See country page for latest developments and advice.

Other advice

Ensure that you are fully briefed on the prevailing risks and necessary mitigating measures prior to travel. Contact your nearest Assistance Centre for profile- and itinerary-specific advice. There is a credible potential for attacks by Islamist extremist groups; militants have demonstrated a concerted desire to conduct attacks that maximise international attention, by carrying out either mass-casualty attacks in public areas or by specifically targeting foreigners. To mitigate risk, maintain a low profile and exercise vigilance, particularly at likely targets for attack; these include: government buildings, including courts as well as the vicinity of foreign government and commercial interests, and venues where foreigners or the political elite are known to congregate, including the lobbies of business-class hotels, restaurants and bars.

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All trips should be hosted through a trusted local colleague or provider. All internal movement requires comprehensive journey management planning. At a minimum, pre-arrange to be met on arrival by a trusted local colleague or hotel representative whose identity can be verified. It is no longer sufficient to select hotels for accommodation, business meetings and large events purely on the basis of ‘business-class' branding; additional security measures are necessary to mitigate the risks posed by terrorism to travellers. Comprehensive journey management planning is essential. A private vehicle and driver is recommended for all overland travel. Ensure that your vehicle is in good condition, and carry a full medical kit, spares, adequate communications and, in case of longer journeys, sufficient fuel and water. Travel in daylight hours only, planning journeys to allow time for delays such as a vehicle breakdown. Information security should be carefully managed; do not readily give out personal details or planned movements. Members should vary routes, routines and timings in everyday activity as much as possible. In day-to-day activities, remain alert for signs of being watched or observed; this includes static surveillance of premises or office and other vulnerable points, such as when returning to a vehicle. If you notice something, move immediately to safety and report it. When you are moving around a city, identify local additional safe havens such as international-standard hotels that will give you a level of protection once inside and the ability to communicate. Social unrest may escalate and protesters may attempt to restrict movement on major roads; any sustained and significantly disruptive actions would require travel to, and movement within, the country to be restricted. Monitor events and be prepared to be flexible in your travel arrangements and itineraries. Demonstrations have a high potential of turning violent, especially if held unauthorised or over an emotive issue. Avoid the vicinity of protests, rallies and strikes and vacate the area immediately if a crowd begins to gather. In the event of unrest, where possible to do so safely, return to your accommodation and remain there until the situation stabilises. Do not use public transport. Private hire vehicles arranged through your hotel or local hosts is a suitable means of travel. Driving conditions are chaotic, road accident rates high, and foreign drivers are blamed in the event of a crash; do not self-drive unless very familiar with local conditions. In the event of a road traffic accident, do not stop. Direct your driver to the nearest police station, your hotel or diplomatic mission, where the relevant authorities can be contacted. Insist on speaking to the most senior officer present; ranks lower than Station House Officer are unlikely to be of assistance. Be aware of the performance record of domestic airlines and consult travel agents regarding their suitability when making travel plans. Female travellers should dress modestly in loose-fitting clothing covering shoulders and chest, arms to the elbow, and legs to the ankle. Police officers are generally responsive to foreigners, if inefficient. Petty corruption is a problem in some sectors of the force. Female travellers should be accompanied by a hotel representative or local colleague at police stations because of the risk of sexual assault. In the event of a serious incident, contact your embassy for support. The above advice is not exhaustive; seek itinerary- and profile-specific advice prior to travel.

Dhaka

Members should maintain heightened situational awareness outside upscale areas of Banani, Baridhara and Gulshan. During hartals, avoid likely protest venues. See our 'hot spots' maps for Dhaka in our city security guides for information on specific locations of opposition activity. Although foreigners are rarely targeted by incidents of violent crime, petty and opportunistic crime remains prevalent and it is necessary to implement standard mitigation measures in all areas and at all times. Minimise non-essential movement after dark.

Chittagong Hill Tracts

It is necessary to seek expert security advice prior to travel in the Chittagong Hill Tracts due to the risks posed by bandit and rebel activity; a professional or armed forces security escort may be required by law in some areas (subject to profile and itinerary).

RISK ZONES

Dhaka: HIGH

The combination of comparatively higher levels of crime, risk of militancy as well as high risk of social unrest, makes Dhaka a HIGH risk environment for foreigners. The perception of higher wealth and often unfamiliarity with the city, makes foreigners targets for petty and opportunistic crime, as well as violent crime and robbery. Political parties, religious groups, students and trade unions stage regular protests which have a tendency to culminate in disruption as well as violence. As the country's capital and location of the deadliest terror attack in recent history, Dhaka retains a persistent threat from terrorism and experiences periodic low-level incidents along with one-off attacks as seen in July 2016.

Chittagong Hill Tracts (CHT): HIGH

There is a continued risk of violence between tribal groups as well as politically motivated unrest between local groups in the Chittagong Hill Tracts (CHT). Incidents of violence can escalate and involve roadblocks, particularly in the areas of Bandarban, Khagrachari and Rangamati. While there have not been any related incidents in recent years, there is a latent risk of kidnapping posed to foreigners.

Members intending to travel to the region are required to seek permission from the authorities ten days prior to travel, and are advised to only move in the region with significant local support, which may include armed convoys. In 2015 the Ministry of Home Affairs further limited the ability of organisations and foreigner visitors to operate in the region and interact with indigenous tribes. Personal Risk

CRIME

Crime poses a risk to in-country members, particularly in the capital Dhaka, the port city of Chittagong (Chittagong division), Feni (Chittagong division), Sylhet (Sylhet division) and Khulna (Khulna division). The US Overseas Security Advisory Council has advised that primary incidents of crime include financial scams, vehicle theft as well as drug-related crimes. Incidents of homicide, sexual assaults, robbery and residential burglary also occur with relative frequency. In 2019, the Economist Intelligence Unit deemed Dhaka to be the fifth least safe city in an index comprising for 60 major urban centres across the world.

Pickpocketing, bag-snatching and mugging are a problem in crowded areas and should be mitigated against through heightened situational awareness throughout travel. Incidents of theft and harassment have been reported at Dhaka's Hazrat Shahjalal (DAC) and Sylhet's Osmani (ZYL) international airports; thieves in disguise may approach visitors offering assistance. Criminals may also drug their targets' food or drink before robbing them. Foreigners should never accept food or drink from strangers or leave it unattended. Incidents of credit card fraud have been reported at ATMs and in shops, especially in Dhaka.Youth crime is an issue due to rising levels of poverty, unemployment, the proliferation of illegal firearms and gang culture. Residential burglaries involving locally hired personal guards can also pose a risk for in- country members and expatriates.

Foreigners should avoid public transport due to security concerns. There have been robberies involving people impersonating drivers or co-passengers on public transport, particularly after dark. Some passengers have also been killed for resisting. Banditry is increasing in rural areas, particularly on buses and at night. The https://www.internationalsos.com/MasterPortal/PrintDisplayPR.aspx Page 8 of 31 International SOS Member Site - - Country Report 7/21/20, 3:43 PM

interconnection between politics and criminal activities undermines attempts to properly tackle crime.

TERRORISM

There is a persistent threat from terrorism in the country, including the capital Dhaka. This is highlighted by the Global Terrorism Index 2019, which ranks Bangladesh as the 31st most impacted country by terrorism, out of a study comprising of 138 countries. Bangladesh ranks as the fourth-highest impacted country in South Asia. Locally- based groups, such as Jamaat ul Mujahideen Bangladesh (JMB), Ansar al-Islam, as well as associated fringe groups such as the Neo-JMB, continue operate in Bangladesh.

Transnational groups such as the Islamic State (IS) and al-Qaida also influence terrorist activities in the country. This was reiterated by an increase in small incidents since a poster was circulated warning of attacks in Bangladesh on a pro-IS messaging channel in April 2019. Small, low-level attacks involving crude bombs have occurred periodically in Dhaka since. Such incidents primarily target traffic police personnel – albeit at busy intersections, which occasionally results in the causing injuries to bystanders.

However, no major attack has taken place since the July 2016 Holey Artisan Bakery attack in Gulshan, in which 18 foreigners were killed due to widespread security operations against terrorists. Many of the militants killed or arrested in recent operations were young and educated individuals from urban centres – a contrast to the traditionally rural and madrassa (religious school) background of militants. This emphasises the growing appeal of extremist ideology among youth in urban centres. According to the International Centre for Political Violence and Terrorism Research (ICPVTR) at Singapore's Nanyang Technological University (NTU), there has been a significant rise in online radicalisation across the country since 2016.

The most common target for Islamist extremist violence is likely to remain civil society members and institutions seen as preventing the Islamisation of Bangladeshi society, as well as foreigners associated with missionary and non-Muslim religious charities. Places of worship associated with the minority Shia Muslim, Ahmadi, Hindu and Christian communities will similarly be a prime target for militants. The JMB retains a number of individuals trained in the utilisation of explosive devices, many of which have been trained in Afghanistan and Pakistan, according to the ICPVTR. Nonetheless, the group and similar organisations continue to primarily utilise crude weaponry, including machetes, and smaller explosives such as grenades.

Extremists continue to have the intent to conduct attacks that maximise international attention. Consequently, densely crowded locations – where even small explosions or gun attacks can result in high casualty figures – such as marketplaces, pilgrimage sites, religious festivals and low security commercial districts, as well as transport hubs, remain vulnerable to attack.

Despite continued security operations, the authorities will struggle to prevent one-off attacks specifically targeting lower-security areas where foreigners congregate, such as bars and restaurants, including those in the upscale Gulshan, Banani and Baridhara areas of Dhaka. Exposure to attacks in public places represents the primary terrorism-related threat to foreigners in the country.

KIDNAPPING

Although criminal gangs frequently kidnap local business people, the targeting of expatriates and business travellers remains rare. There have not been any incidents targeting foreigners in recent years. However, the abduction in 2007 of three foreign aid workers in the Thanchi area of the CHT reflects the latent threat of such incidents in the volatile region.

SOCIAL UNREST

In-country members and expatriates are likely to face disruption from protests, which take place regularly in Bangladesh. Grievances among the population have been aggravated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Associated restrictions have impacted the global demand for readymade garments (RMG), significantly affecting the economy of Bangladesh, which earns the bulk of its export revenues from the RMG sector. Mass layoffs, unpaid wages, insufficient emergency relief and concerns over COVID-19- related protection measures in workplaces have triggered near-daily protests since April 2020.

Labour unrest is likely to remain a key concern. These have mainly focused around factory premises and manufacturing hubs in industrial areas of urban centres, especially on the outskirts of Dhaka such as Ashulia, Gazipur, Narayanganj, Savar (all Dhaka division), Mymensingh (Mymensingh division), as well as Chittagong and Karnaphuli (Chittagong division). Protesters often erect roadblocks, including along the Dhaka-Mymensingh motorway near Dhaka airport and the Dhaka-Chittagong motorway. In-country members should avoid all protests, rallies and large gatherings due to the incidental risk of exposure to violence.

Political unrest

Bangladesh is prone to periods of political instability involving frequent campaigns of street violence led by various political parties, especially around electoral periods. There is a historic rivalry between the principal political parties – the ruling Awami League (AL) and the main opposition Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) – resulted in widespread and regular strikes until 2015. However, a significant government crackdown on the party since has severely stifled the party's operational capability and support, including arrest of BNP's senior members as well as its leader Khaleda Zia.

Nonetheless, political violence can be expected around elections. The December 2018 general election witnessed political violence and social unrest over allegations of vote-rigging, resulting in 17 deaths and 20 injuries. However, there has been a significant decrease in disruption relative to previous election periods, notably the 2014 general elections which resulted in widespread social unrest, political violence and disruption throughout the country.

Industrial unrest

The frequency of strikes have drastically reduced in recent years, Political parties traditionally use unions to ensure that strikes create widespread problems. Labour disputes are largely confined to the textile, garment and transportation industries, where poor working conditions or demands for higher wages trigger frequent work stoppages. Demonstrations held during shutdowns typically involve roadblocks and these can turn violent. Curfews may be imposed during disruptive and violent strikes, the provisions of which should be strictly adhered to.

Widely observed strikes can result in the closure of many offices and businesses, though they have little impact on business-class hotels. Similarly, travel to and from the capital's Hazrat Shahjalal International Airport (DAC) or other essential movement and operations are usually possible. Transport strikes involving public transport providers are liable to result in increased demand for alternative forms of transport, thereby potentially disrupting private provider networks. Although associated demonstrations do occur, strikes rarely affect Dhaka's diplomatic area or the northern suburbs.

BUSINESSWOMEN

The country provides a generally safe, if not entirely comfortable, environment for foreign female business executives or travellers. Staring and pointing are not considered rude; foreign women will encounter this more than their male colleagues.

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A number of precautions should be taken to avoid giving offence or gaining unwanted attention. Businesswomen are advised to dress conservatively to minimise unwanted attention: long skirts or trousers should be worn. Women should be aware that some men may not be comfortable shaking hands with them as physical contact between the sexes is not traditionally accepted. Travel around cities alone, except when in a chauffeured car, should generally be avoided.

CONFLICT

Small low-level skirmishes between insurgents and the security forces remain a threat in the semi-autonomous Chittagong Hill Tracts (CHT), which is home to several indigenous ethnic communities. Tensions continue among the locals even after signing of the Chittagong Hill Tract accord with the government in 1997, which ended a 25-year old insurgency by armed tribal groups – sections of the Chakmas, Marma and Tripuras communities. Discontent remains high with the government's inadequate implementation of the accord, failing to resolve land disputes and demilitarise the CHT. Periodic clashes between rival tribal groups over land disputes as well as politically motivated attacks, particularly involving the United People's Democratic Front and the Parbatya Chattagram Jana Sanghati Samiti, continue to be reported.

India

In view of India's part in Bangladesh's creation, the underlying relationship is good, but border disputes and water sharing issues, fears over India's size and influence, and regional insurgency problems give rise to regular issues. Given the geography of the region, the border between Bangladesh and India physically shifts, and this, coupled with poor demarcation, results in disputes. A boundary agreement between India and Bangladesh in May 2015 has eased tensions over enclaves in the border areas. However, sporadic clashes between India's Border Security Force and the Bangladesh Rifles are possible and are often triggered by cross-border fire. Talks between the two forces are held routinely in an attempt to curtail these clashes, but problems continue. Indian separatist insurgent groups use the border areas, from where they train militants and launch attacks in India.

Myanmar

Bangladesh's relations with Myanmar are sporadically troubled, mainly due to the outstanding issue of ethnic-Rohingya fleeing violence in Myanmar's Rakhine state. At least 1m Rohingya are estimated to have fled to Bangladesh in recurrent exoduses since 1992. Furthermore, Rohingya militant attacks at police outposts in northern Rakhine in August 2017 led to violent crackdown by the Myanmar military, sparking an exodus of more than 700,000 people to Bangladesh. Despite agreements between the two countries regarding Rohingya's return to Myanmar, prospect for full repatriation is limited. Most refugees stay at camps near the Naf river in Cox's Bazar district.

EMERGENCY NUMBERS Emergency Numbers Fire 199

Police 999

Contact International SOS for help with your medical situation. Country Stability

POLITICAL SITUATION

Parliament, known locally as Jatiya Sangsad, is unicameral. The National Assembly has 350 seats. Representatives are elected through popular vote for five-year terms. The president is head of state, has limited powers and is elected every five years by the legislature. The prime minister, as head of government, holds the real power and is appointed by the president in consultation with MPs.

Bangladesh is predominantly a Muslim country, but has a history of secular administrations. It has witnessed repeated military interventions into politics since the 1975 assassination of then-president Sheikh Mujibur Rahman (1971-72; 1975). A coup was reportedly thwarted in December 2011. From the early 1990s, the country transitioned to democratically elected governments – with the exception of a military-backed interim administration that ruled between January 2007 and December 2008.

Abdul Hamid was sworn in for his second term as president in April 2018. The veteran politician previously held the office from 2013 – 2018 and was re-elected by the country's parliament without opposition. Sheikh Hasina of the Awami League has been prime minister since January 2009, having won re-election in both January 2014 and December 2018 polls.

RULE OF LAW

The judicial system is overburdened, inefficient and the quality of personnel questionable. Arbitrary arrests and detentions are still legally permitted; political opponents and those publicly critical of the government, particularly media and human rights activists, have been subject to harassment.

The police are widely perceived as corrupt and prone to arbitrary practices. Common forms of harassment include extortion or demands for informal payment for services and casual incidents of violence. The government has full administrative and political control over the country, but the law and order situation is poor in many parts, reflecting capacity issues with the police and judiciary. Notably, clashes continue between the security forces and tribal insurgents in the Chittagong Hill Tracts. Although it remains the responsibility of the police to maintain law and order, the government has resorted to involving the army when the need has arisen.

CORRUPTION

Corruption is commonly encountered when dealing with most administrative departments or bureaucratic procedures, despite the establishment of independent anti- corruption commissions. Problems can be expected when dealing with tax and customs administration; the banking system; utilities' provision, including power, ports and telecommunications; and NGOs or development projects. The situation is particularly bad when dealing with land administration issues, the police and lower judiciary.

NATURAL DISASTERS

Bangladesh is a riverine land; rivers flow down from the Himalayas into the country, before flowing southwards, feeding into the Bay of Bengal. This means the country is highly vulnerable to natural disasters, including cyclones, continual land erosion from sea and river, as well as annual floods. Flooding and landslides during the cyclone season in May/June to October/November, which coincides with the monsoon season from June to September, present a major natural disaster risk for Bangladesh. Floods routinely inundate about one-fifth of the land and may engulf two-thirds of the country during bad years, causing significant infrastructure damage.

The country's coastal areas, such as Bagerhat, Barisal and Bhola, as well as flat and low-lying plains along the Ganges and Brahmaputra rivers, are more vulnerable to annual floods and tidal inundation, which vary in scale from year to year. The country's location in an active seismic zone also makes it prone to earthquakes, while https://www.internationalsos.com/MasterPortal/PrintDisplayPR.aspx Page 10 of 31 International SOS Member Site - - Country Report 7/21/20, 3:43 PM

tsunamis pose a risk.

RECENT HISTORY

The former East Pakistan, Bangladesh emerged as an independent country in December 1971 after a brief war. Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, widely known as ‘Mujib', had formed the Awami League (AL) in 1949 to promote Bengali interests. He led the first Bangladeshi government in January 1972. The first president was Ziaur Rahman.

The country has suffered successive coups. Following the assassination of Ziaur Rahman in 1981, Bangladesh remained under military rule until 1991. That year, Khaleda Zia (Zia's widow) of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) was elected prime minister. In 1996, AL leader Sheikh Hasina Wajed (Mujib's daughter) succeeded her after the following election. Power has since alternated between these parties, whose intense rivalry has seen much politically motivated violence.

This violence came to such a head in the run-up to 2007 elections that the military formed another interim administration. After almost a year of emergency rule and a general anti-corruption drive, elections went ahead in December 2008.

The AL won over a two-thirds majority and Sheikh Hasina was sworn in as prime minister in January 2009. Hasina was re-elected in the 2014 and 2018 elections. Alerts

SPECIAL ADVISORY: COVID-19 outbreak impacting health care

View All Alerts

Before You Go

See your doctor and dentist and ensure you are in the best health before you leave. Other preparations:

Check your routine vaccinations Check your measles and other routine vaccinations are up to date (polio; varicella; mumps and rubella; tetanus, diphtheria and pertussis, seasonal influenza). See a travel health practitioner 6 to 8 weeks before departure for destination-specific health preparations. You may need additional vaccinations, some of which require several doses, or be recommended malaria medication which may need to be started a week or more before arriving in the malarial country.

Documentation: Arrange a copy of your personal health record to carry with you when you travel. Include a letter from your doctor explaining your need for all medications you are carrying, including any over-the-counter medications, in English and the language of your destination(s). Make sure you have copies of your prescriptions.

Medication: Check the regulations of your destination country regarding importation of your medication, as some drugs may be strictly prohibited (especially narcotics and psychotropics) and may result in severe penalties. Some restrictions are published on the International Narcotics Control Board. Take any medicines you require in their original packaging, including any information leaflets, with them clearly labelled with your name (matching your passport name), and your doctor's name. Have enough to cover the trip, and extra in case of delays, however note that many destinations limit quantities of certain drugs to a 30-day supply. Carry medication in your hand luggage, with copies of your prescriptions.

Vaccinations for Bangladesh

Recommendations may vary for short-term visitors. Always consult your travel health advisor or contact International SOS to discuss your specific needs.

Oral vaccination is recommended for travellers and relief workers who are likely to encounter unsanitary conditions, or will have Cholera limited access to safe water.

Recommended for all travellers and expatriates, especially groups at higher risk including:

long-term and frequent visitors. Hepatitis A adventurous travellers who travel to more remote locations or stay in areas with poor sanitation. gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men see (see US CDC). people who use illicit drugs. those with liver disease.

Hepatitis B Recommended for all travellers and expatriates.

Vaccine is recommended for people who will participate in ‘higher risk' activities while in an area where Japanese encephalitis risk exists.

You are engaging in a ‘higher risk' activity if you:

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Travel during the peak Japanese encephalitis season (consult the “Health Threats” section of the International SOS country guides to see specific season details for this country). Japanese encephalitis Spend a significant amount of time outdoors, particularly in the evening and night-time, in areas outside of cities. (ex. camping, trekking, biking, fishing, hunting, farming). Stay in accommodation that will likely have mosquitoes indoors, ex. lacking air conditioning, window screens, and bed nets. Spend a month or more in a risk area during transmission season.

Japanese encephalitis vaccine is not available in many of the risk countries. Have the complete vaccine series before departure.

Consider for certain travellers, especially:

For expatriates and long-term visitors. For children who tend to play with animals and may not admit to being bitten or scratched. If you are travelling to a location where quality medical care may not be available immediately after being Rabies bitten/scratched by an animal. (Unvaccinated people need immunoglobulin within 24 hours of an animal injury, and this medication is scarce in some countries. If you are pre-vaccinated, you do not need this immunoglobulin after an injury.) If contact with dogs, monkeys or other potentially rabies-carrying animals is likely. Jogging increases your risk of dog bite.

Typhoid fever Recommended for all travellers and expatriates.

A yellow fever vaccination certificate is required for entry for anyone ≥ 1 year of age arriving from a country with a risk of yellow fever transmission, including people who were in transit in an airport located in a risk country.

Yellow fever (Discuss vaccination with your travel health professional well in advance of your trip. The certificate becomes valid 10 days after vaccination and is valid for the life of the traveller. Note that vaccination requirements may change at any time; check with the relevant embassy or consulate for your destination. Occasionally border authorities request a valid vaccination certificate although it may not be required under the official policy.)

More on diseases in Bangladesh Malaria

Threat from: Bites and Stings

Malaria is present year-round in some areas with higher risk from May through October. Majority of the cases are reported from the Chittagong Hill Tract districts which include Bandarban, Khagrachari and Rangamati. Risk is also present in Chattogram (Chittagong) and Cox Bazaar districts.

Low risk of malaria is present in the districts of Habigonj, Kurigraam, Maulvibazar, Mymensingh, Netrakona, Sherpur, Sunamganj and Sylhet.

Rest of the country including the capital city, Dhaka has no risk of malaria.

Prevention:

mosquito bite avoidance medication: consult your travel health doctor for an individual recommendation. Some authorities recommend preventive medication if visiting the risk areas

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Malaria is transmitted by mosquitoes that usually bite from dusk to dawn. Symptoms can develop as early as seven days or as late as several months after exposure. Early malaria symptoms are flu-like and can include fever, sweats/chills, head and body aches, and generally feeling tired and unwell. People also sometimes feel nauseous and vomit or have diarrhoea. Untreated, malaria can cause serious complications like anaemia, seizures, mental confusion, kidney failure and coma. It can be fatal.

Follow the ABCDEs to minimise malarial risk:

A: Awareness - Be Aware of the risk, the symptoms and malaria prevention. B: Bite Prevention - Avoid being Bitten by mosquitoes, especially between dusk and dawn. C: Chemoprophylaxis - If prescribed for you, use Chemoprophylaxis (antimalarial medication) to prevent infection and if infected reduce the risk of severe malaria. D: Diagnosis - Immediately seek Diagnosis and treatment if a fever develops one week or more after being in a malarial area (up to one year after departure). E: Emergency - Carry an Emergency Standby Treatment (EST) kit if available and recommended (this is the kit which contains malaria treatment).

Zika Virus

Threat from: Bites and Stings

Zika fever is a viral disease, mostly transmitted to people by mosquito bites, but also from one person to another through sexual contact. Symptoms can be mild and include fever, rash, muscle and joint pains, red eyes (conjunctivitis). However, infection during pregnancy can cause severe complications, including miscarriage and permanent birth defects (congenital Zika syndrome). No specific treatment or vaccine is available.

Prevent infection through mosquito bite avoidance. Prevent sexual transmission through condom use or abstinence. Pregnant women should prevent sexual transmission throughout their pregnancy. People considering pregnancy may be advised to continue to prevent sexual transmission for several months after they have left a risk area. For more information see the article "Zika virus" in the "Disease & Prevention" dropdown on International SOS Location Guides.

Standard of Care

Emergency Response

Always try to call International SOS whenever medical care or advice is required, especially in emergencies.

There are no reliable ambulance services. Some private hospitals may provide an ambulance (subject to availability). In an emergency, use private transportation to get to the hospital. Emergency Numbers Fire 199

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Police 999

Standard of Health Care

The quality of medical care in Bangladesh is below appropriate standards. Most moderate and severe illnesses and injuries will require international evacuation, usually to Singapore or Bangkok.

OutPatient Care

There are several public and private outpatient clinics. Some private clinics offer a reasonable standard of care.

Paying for Health Care

Health care providers expect immediate cash payment at the time services are rendered.

Do not defer medical treatment because of financial concerns. Contact International SOS, and if our terms allow, we will make financial arrangements on your behalf.

Dental Care

Dental care in the Bangladesh is basic. Have a dental check prior to arrival, and, if possible, defer dental treatment until after departure.

Blood Supplies

Blood supplies in Bangladesh are considered unsafe. Donations are conducted by several organisations. Screening is inadequate and there is often a shortage of O negative blood. The use of blood and blood products should be avoided and limited to life-saving treatment.

Even in areas where the blood supply is considered safe, it's best to avoid blood transfusions if possible. Screening cannot detect every blood-borne disease, and immune reactions can vary from minor to life-threatening. If a blood transfusion is recommended and circumstances permit, seek a second opinion from International SOS or your health advisor.

Medication Availability

Local pharmacies in Bangladesh may stock expired and/or heat damaged drugs. There is also a risk that counterfeit medications may be sold. In early 2016, the World Health Organization was notified of falsified yellow fever vaccination "Amaril" identified in circulation.

Since brand names vary, know the generic (chemical) names of your medications. It is always advisable to bring an adequate supply of prescription and other medications from your home country. However ensure you check the regulations of your destination regarding importation of your medication, as some drugs may be strictly prohibited (especially narcotics and psychotropics) and may result in severe penalties. Some restrictions are published on the International Narcotics Control Board. Clinics & Hospitals

Medical Providers No matter where you are, contact International SOS first if you are sick, injured or need medical advice.

Our medical staff will advise you, help you select the correct doctor, hospital or clinic, and make any necessary appointments on your behalf. If our terms allow, we will also make financial arrangements for you.

It is recommended that you contact International SOS before accessing medical care in Bangladesh

Hospitals / Clinics If you are unable to contact International SOS, the following list of hospitals and clinics is provided in case of medical emergencies. Dhaka Evercare Hospital Dhaka Category: Hospital Address: Apollo Hospital Dhaka Plot #81, Block #E Bashundhara R/A Dhaka, Dhaka 1229 Telephone: 880 2 8431661 880 2 8431661 ext 1113 (Corp Service)

Family Health Practice Category: Hospital Address: American International School Dhaka Gate 2, Road 3, Baridhara Dhaka, Dhaka 1212

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Telephone: 880 1713396792 (Direct) Square Hospital Ltd Category: Hospital Address: 18/F Bir Uttam Qazi Nuruzzaman Sarak West Panthapath Dhaka, N/A 1205 Telephone: 880 17133777735 880 28141522

880 28142333

880 28144400

United Hospital Ltd Category: Hospital Address: Plot 15 Road 71, Gulshan Dhaka, Dhaka 1212 Telephone: 880 2 8836444 880 28836000/10(Ext8058)

880 9666710666

Food & Water

Food and Water Precautions

Travellers have a small risk of developing diarrhoea in any country. It may be advisable to drink bottled water only, especially on short trips. Always wash your hands with soap before eating, or use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer. See the following country-specific recommendations:

Water and Beverages

Tap water is considered unsafe to drink. Drink only bottled or boiled water and carbonated beverages. When purchasing bottled water, ensure that the lid is securely fastened. Avoid ice, because it may have been made from unsafe water.

Food Risk

The risk of food poisoning is high. Ask local residents to recommend safe places to eat. Food served in large hotels and well-known restaurants should be safe, but always choose food that has been thoroughly cooked while fresh and is served hot.

Avoid street vendors, because the standard of hygiene may be low and food may not be fresh. Do not buy pre-peeled fruit or salad. Fruit that you wash and peel yourself should be safe. Avoid shellfish. Ensure that milk and other dairy products have been pasteurised.

More on food and water safety Health Threats Summary

Health threats present include:

Animals: Anthrax, Avian Influenza H5N1, Rabies

Bites and Stings: Chikungunya, Dengue fever, Filariasis, Japanese encephalitis, Leishmaniasis, Malaria, Zika virus

Coughing/sneezing: *COVID-19, Tuberculosis (TB)

Environment: Air Pollution

Food and/or water: Cholera, Hepatitis A, Nipah virus, Travellers' diarrhoea, Typhoid fever

Sex/blood/needles: HIV, Hepatitis B and C, & STIs

Health Threats

*COVID-19 | Threat from : Coughing/sneezing

This is a rapidly evolving situation. International SOS is monitoring closely - please see the MEDICAL ALERT on the "View All Alerts" section of this location guide, and the COVID-19 pages of the Pandemic Information website.

Towards the end of December 2019, authorities in Wuhan, Hubei province, announced a cluster of cases of pneumonia associated with the Huanan / South China Seafood Wholesale Market, for which a cause had not yet been identified. By January, a new coronavirus was identified as the cause of the illness. Initially called 2019- https://www.internationalsos.com/MasterPortal/PrintDisplayPR.aspx Page 15 of 31 International SOS Member Site - - Country Report 7/21/20, 3:43 PM

novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), the virus was renamed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and the disease it causes is called Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). The situation is now a pandemic, and every location is expected to eventually be affected.

Transmission of the virus is from human to human. Although the exact way this happens with COVID-19 is still being investigated, it is probably occurring in the same way as other respiratory infections - through infected respiratory droplets. The infected person expels these when they cough, sneeze, or talk. Others can get the disease via contact (direct or indirect) with these contaminated droplets. Symptoms include fever, cough, sore throat, shortness of breath and breathing difficulty. Less common symptoms include headache, muscle aches and diarrhoea. Around 15% of cases have been severe and some will die. Older people, and people with underlying health conditions appear to be at higher risk for severe disease. There is no specific treatment - "non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS)", such as ibuprofen, which are often available over the counter without prescription, should NOT be used to treat symptoms. They might make the illness worse. Paracetamol / acetaminophen can be used.

There is no vaccine yet, however research and development has commenced. Prevention is through avoiding potential exposure (keeping 1-2 metres away from other people) and employing general hygiene measures (washing hands, not touching your face, keeping surfaces clean).

Bangladesh

The first imported COVID-19 cases were confirmed on 8 March 2020. Local transmission has been recorded.

Ministry of Health website (in Bangla) provides updates on the current status.

Air Pollution | Threat from : Environment

Poor air quality, also known as "haze", "smog" and "air pollution", can negatively impact one's health. Some groups are especially vulnerable to problems caused by polluted air. These include children, the elderly and anyone with underlying chronic health problems such as heart disease, emphysema, bronchitis or asthma.

The chemicals in polluted air can affect the lungs resulting in wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath and even pain. Polluted air can also irritate the eyes and nose, and may interfere with immune system function. Long-term exposure can result in reduced lung function, particularly in children. It can also lead to lung cancer.

Limiting exposure to polluted air is the best way to prevent health problems. When air quality is poor, it may be advisable to avoid outdoor physical activities. While indoors, keep doors and windows closed, and use an air conditioner on ‘recirculate' if possible. If the air quality is frequently problematic, consider using an air cleaner. During particularly bad periods, you may want to wear a mask while outside. Ask your healthcare provider before using a mask, especially if you have underlying health conditions.

See the International SOS Air Pollution website - use your membership number to log in.

Bangladesh

Urban outdoor air pollution is high in Bangladesh. A number of factors contribute – vehicular emissions and smoke from brick kilns add about sixty percent of the particulate matter in the air. There is a high incidence of respiratory infections in children due to poor air quality. Pollution is measured on an AQI scale based on five criteria pollutants.

Anthrax | Threat from : Animals

Anthrax is an acute infectious disease caused by the spore-forming bacterium Bacillus anthracis. It most commonly occurs in hoofed mammals, though humans can also become infected. The serious forms of human anthrax are cutaneous anthrax, inhalation anthrax and intestinal anthrax.

Symptoms of anthrax are different depending on the mode of infection. Generally, symptoms develop within seven days of exposure.

Cutaneous anthrax is a skin infection and accounts for 95% of all naturally-occurring anthrax infections. The main risk factor is contact with animal hides or hair, bone products, and wool. The disease can also be spread through contact with infected animals. Hence, the populations most at risk for anthrax include farm workers, veterinarians, and tannery and wool workers.

Bacteria infects a person through cuts or abrasions on their skin. An itchy skin lesion, similar to an insect bite, then develops - usually within two weeks of exposure. This lesion may later blister and then break down, resulting in a black ulcer. The ulcer is frequently painless but surrounded by significant swelling. Sometimes painful lymph nodes may develop. Often, a scab forms, then dries and falls off within two weeks. In 20 percent of untreated individuals, the infection may spread through the bloodstream and become fatal. However, death is extremely rare among individuals who receive appropriate treatment.

Initial symptoms of inhalation anthrax infection may resemble a common cold. After several days, the symptoms may progress to severe breathing problems and shock. Inhalation anthrax is often fatal.

Intestinal anthrax may follow the consumption of contaminated food and is characterized by acute inflammation of the intestinal tract. Initial signs of this disease are nausea, loss of appetite, vomiting and fever. These are followed by abdominal pain, vomiting of blood and severe diarrhea.

Direct person-to-person spread of anthrax is extremely unlikely; it may not even be possible. Therefore, there is no need to immunize or treat people who have been in contact with infected people unless they also were also exposed to the same source of infection (usually, a sick animal).

People who have been exposed to anthrax can take antibiotics to prevent infection. It is necessary to treat anthrax infections early; a delay lessens chances for survival. Anthrax usually is susceptible to penicillin, doxycycline and fluoroquinolones.

An anthrax vaccine can also prevent infection. Vaccination against anthrax is not recommended for the general public and is not available.

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Avian Influenza H5N1 | Threat from : Animals

Avian flu (bird flu) refers to a family of influenza viruses that mainly affect birds. The H5N1 strain quickly kills domestic poultry flocks. It has been detected in more than 60 countries and is now permanently present in a number of them. When H5N1 infects humans, they usually become severely ill and about 60 percent of them die.

The droppings, secretions, blood, and organs of infected birds contain virus. People who have close contact with sick birds are at the highest risk of contracting H5N1, especially poultry farmers in developing countries. People usually develop illness 2-5 days after exposure to infection, although this may extend up to 17 days. Travellers and expatriates are at relatively low risk of infection. H5N1 does not currently spread easily from person to person.

H5N1 can be killed by washing skin with regular soap and cleaning surfaces with regular detergents and disinfectants. It is killed in food via thorough cooking methods.

To reduce the chance of infection, when in affected countries:

Avoid live animal markets, poultry and pig farms. Do not handle birds or other animals, including cats. Avoid touching any surfaces that may be contaminated by poultry droppings, and do not swim in any body of water that is used by birds. Always maintain high levels of personal hygiene. Ensure poultry products and eggs are thoroughly cooked before eating.

Bangladesh

Avian influenza H5N1 virus is likely entrenched in birds in Bangladesh. Surveillance of human cases in the country may be unreliable. The first human case of the disease was recorded in 2008, a number of cases have been noted since then.

Chikungunya | Threat from : Bites and Stings

People can get chikungunya if they are bitten by a mosquito carrying the virus. About four to seven days later, the infected person develops a sudden fever and severe joint pain. Pain is especially common in the knees, ankles, small joints (especially in hands and feet) and any previously injured area. Other common symptoms are a rash and headache.

There is no specific cure for the disease. Recovery takes several weeks.

There is no vaccine. The only way to prevent chikungunya is to prevent mosquito bites. Wear long sleeves and long pants, and use insect repellents to prevent mosquito bites.

Cholera | Threat from : Food and/or water

Cholera is a diarrhoeal disease. People get sick when they consume food or water that has been contaminated by the faeces of an infected person. The most common symptom is severe diarrhoea. It is painless and watery (often called "rice-water" stools). Vomiting is also common.

Most cholera infections are relatively mild. People recover on their own by keeping well-hydrated. About 10-20 percent of all infected people will suffer severe illness, which can cause life-threatening dehydration. These cases are treated with oral and/or intravenous fluid replacement and antibiotics.

Most travellers have a low risk of cholera, as following food and water precautions is usually sufficient to prevent the disease.

Healthcare and relief workers who travel to areas of cholera outbreaks and have limited access to safe water are at higher risk. They should consider vaccination against cholera.

Dengue fever | Threat from : Bites and Stings

Dengue, or "break-bone" fever, is a viral disease of the tropics and sub-tropics. It is transmitted by the Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes that bite during the daytime and are found in and around human habitation. Sexual transmission can occur but is rare. Transmission from mother to child is possible during pregnancy or birth. Symptoms include high fever, severe headaches, joint and muscle pain, nausea and vomiting. A rash often follows. The acute illness can last up to ten days, but complete recovery can take two to four weeks.

Occasionally, a potentially fatal form of dengue called severe dengue (previously known as dengue hemorrhagic fever or DHF) occurs. Severe dengue is more likely in infants and pregnant women, as well as for people who have been infected in the past and are infected again with a different strain of dengue. When a pregnant woman is infected there is a risk of pre-term birth, low birth weight and foetal distress. About 2 to 3 out of 100 severe dengue cases are likely to be fatal.

Prevention is through avoiding mosquito bites. Prevention of sexual transmission is through abstinence or using condoms when infected with dengue. A dengue vaccine, Dengvaxia, is available in several countries however it is not recommended for people who have never had dengue infection. It should only be used in people who have previously been infected with dengue. Hence, travellers who have already had the disease or are seropositive and planning to visit areas with high transmission can consider vaccination in consultation with a travel health specialist.

BangladeshDengue fever is present throughout Bangladesh. https://www.internationalsos.com/MasterPortal/PrintDisplayPR.aspx Page 17 of 31 International SOS Member Site - - Country Report 7/21/20, 3:43 PM

Filariasis | Threat from : Bites and Stings

Filariasis is a parasitic disease, also sometimes called "elephantiasis". It is caused by microscopic, thread-like worms that are spread via mosquito bites. Larvae enter the skin when a person is bitten, then travel to the lymph nodes, where they develop into adult worms. The adult worms reproduce (creating microfilaria) then migrate further in the tissues and circulate in the blood causing a variety of symptoms.

Initial symptoms include skin redness and swollen lymph nodes in the arms and legs. Headache, weakness, muscles pain, coughing, wheezing and fever are also common.

People who are repeatedly bitten by mosquitoes over several months or years are at risk. Thus, short-term travelers are at low risk. Nevertheless, all travelers should prevent insect bites.

Hepatitis A | Threat from : Food and/or water

Hepatitis A is a viral disease that causes liver inflammation. The virus is present in the faeces of an infected person. It spreads through contaminated food and water, and is common in areas with poor sanitation. Person-to-person spread also occurs, when the virus is inadvertently transferred into the mouth, including during sexual activity. People at higher risk of infection include men who have sex with men, illicit drug users and people with liver disease.

Symptoms begin on average 28 days after exposure (range 2 to 8 weeks), and include fever, chills, fatigue, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, dark urine and jaundice (yellow colour of the skin and eyes). Many infected people suffer only a mild illness. Most cases recover fully after four or more weeks. However for some, the disease can be severe, and occasionally is fatal. There is no specific treatment and cases are managed through supportive therapy.

Prevention is through vaccination, attention to hygiene, and access to safe food and water.

HIV, Hepatitis B and C, & STIs | Threat from : Sex/blood/needles

HIV/AIDS, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C are spread by contact with bodily fluids (especially blood and semen).

unprotected sex, needle sharing during IV drug use, or unsafe blood or medical/dental instruments.

Genital herpes (HSV), genital warts (HPV), gonorrhoea, chlamydia, syphilis and most other sexually transmitted diseases are spread by genital contact.

Prevention:

In many countries, hepatitis B is now a routine childhood immunisation and need not be repeated. All non-immune travellers should consider vaccination. Always use new condoms (preferably brought from your home country). IV drug users should not share needles. Avoid having tattoos or piercings done. In healthcare settings, make sure that needles and syringes sterile and not shared between patients. Call International SOS or your corporate medical department if you are hospitalised. Be aware of your risk when assisting anyone with an injury. Protect yourself from contact with bodily fluids. Seek medical attention within 24 hours if you accidentally come into contact with someone else's bodily fluids.

Japanese encephalitis | Threat from : Bites and Stings

Japanese encephalitis is serious viral illness, spread by mosquitoes. It occurs in most of Asia as well as some parts of the Western Pacific, mostly in rural agricultural areas. Although many people won't have any symptoms, it can cause encephalitis (inflammation of the brain) with permanent brain damage, or be fatal. Prevention is through preventing mosquito bites. In addition, vaccination is recommended for travellers at higher risk.

Bangladesh

Japanese encephalitis is presumed to be widespread throughout Bangladesh. Most cases have occurred between May and October.

Outbreaks have been reported from Tangail District, Dacca Division and sporadic cases have been reported in Rajshahi Division. Cases have occurred in Dhaka and Chittagong.

Leishmaniasis | Threat from : Bites and Stings

Leishmaniasis is a disease caused by a parasite that can infect humans, dogs, rodents and other small animals. It is transmitted by sandflies that bite mainly between https://www.internationalsos.com/MasterPortal/PrintDisplayPR.aspx Page 18 of 31 International SOS Member Site - - Country Report 7/21/20, 3:43 PM

dusk and dawn and can occur in both rural and urban environments. Sandflies breed quickly in unsanitary conditions, and the spread of the disease is exacerbated by war, chronic food shortages and urbanisation activities like deforestation and building of dams and irrigation systems, changes in temperature, heavy rainfall and population movement. The disease can manifest in one of the three forms, cutaneous (is the most common form and causes skin ulcers), mucocutaneous (is a rare form which affects the inner parts of the nose and mouth) or visceral (which is the more severe form and can lead to death).There is no vaccine or drug to prevent leishmaniasis.

Prevention The only way to avoid leishmaniasis is to prevent sandfly bites.

Minimise outdoor activities from dusk to dawn--this is when sand flies are most active. Use protective clothing and insect repellent. Consider using an insecticide treated bed net with fine mesh if there are sandflies in your living quarters. The standard bed nets used to prevent malaria are not effective, as sandflies are about one-third the size of mosquitoes and can fly through the malaria nets. Note that sandflies are small and do not make noise while flying. This makes it difficult to determine whether they are in your environment. Their bites cause mild symptoms and might not be noticed.

Malaria | Threat from : Bites and Stings

Follow the ABCDEs to minimise malarial risk:

Bangladesh

Low risk of malaria is present in the districts of Habigonj, Kurigraam, Maulvibazar, Mymensingh, Netrakona, Sherpur, Sunamganj and Sylhet.

Rest of the country including the capital city, Dhaka has no risk of malaria.

Prevention:

mosquito bite avoidance medication: consult your travel health doctor for an individual recommendation. Some authorities recommend preventive medication if visiting the risk areas

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Nipah virus | Threat from : Food and/or water

Nipah is an emerging virus that is not yet thoroughly understood. It can cause severe or fatal illness in humans. The virus's natural host is fruit bats, which can carry it without becoming ill. These bats can spread the virus to other animals - including dogs, cats, horses, and pigs. People get infected through direct contact with infected bats, animals or other people who have the virus. Animals can also contaminate fruit or unpasturized juice. (Some past outbreaks have been linked to date palm fruit and juice.) Nipah virus infections vary. Some people show no symptoms, or develop a flu-like illness with fever, headache and muscle pain. However, it can progress to cause severe illness with pneumonia or encephalitis (swelling of the brain.) People can become drowsy, disoriented and suffer convulsions and coma. Between 40 to 75 percent of people who develop symptoms die of the disease. There is no treatment for Nipah virus, nor is there a vaccine to prevent it. Minimise risk of infection by selecting safer food and water, practicing good hygiene, and avoiding contact with animals and their environment. Avoid contact with sick people.

Bangladesh

Nipah virus infections are regularly reported in Bangladesh, often between December and May. These outbreaks are frequently associated with the consumption of contaminated date palm sap, fruit or raw fruit juice.

Rabies | Threat from : Animals

Rabies is a viral disease contracted when bitten or scratched by an infected (rabid) animal, often a dog. Once it enters the body, the virus travels along nerves and causes paralysis. As it reaches important organs like the spinal cord and the brain, it causes coma and death.

In countries where rabies is present in animals or bats, ALL animal / bat bites, scratches and licks to broken skin must be treated seriously. Rabies vaccination is very effective in preventing rabies, even after a bite/scratch by a rabid animal.

Rabies vaccination Pre-exposure vaccination is often recommended for expatriates and long-term visitors to destinations where rabies is present. It's especially recommended if quality medical care may not be available after being bitten or scratched by an animal. Pre-exposure treatment can be especially useful for children, since they may not tell their parents that they have been bitten/scratched.

Pre-exposure vaccination makes it easier to treat a bite or scratch. That's important because some types of rabies treatment can be in short supply in many countries, even in cities.

If bitten, scratched or licked (on broken skin) by an animal:

Immediately cleanse the wound with soap and water and a povidone-iodine solution if available. Seek medical advice from a qualified source or your assistance company. Notify local health authorities immediately. You may need post-exposure vaccination, even if you have had pre-exposure vaccination. (THIS CAN BE LIFE SAVING.) https://www.internationalsos.com/MasterPortal/PrintDisplayPR.aspx Page 20 of 31 International SOS Member Site - - Country Report 7/21/20, 3:43 PM

Travellers' diarrhoea | Threat from : Food and/or water

Travellers' diarrhoea is the most common travel-related illness. It usually occurs within the first week away from home. It is spread through contaminated food and water.

Prevention is through choosing safe food and water, and paying attention to hygiene. Select food that is thoroughly cooked while fresh and served hot. Avoid undercooked or raw meat, fish or shellfish. Avoid salad and raw vegetables unless you can wash them with clean (treated) water and you peel them yourself.

Unless you are certain that the tap water is drinkable - choose bottled water and beverages, avoid ice.

BangladeshTravelers not staying in quality hotels have a high risk of developing travelers' diarrhea.

Tuberculosis (TB) | Threat from : Coughing/sneezing

Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious bacterial disease. The bacteria can be coughed or sneezed into the air by an infected person. Most people who contract TB have had prolonged, close, exposure to an infected person. This means they have spent days or weeks – not just a few hours – sharing the same air space with an infected person (e.g. living in the same house). People who work or live in institutions such as nursing homes or correctional facilities are also at higher risk.

Active TB causes a variety of symptoms that are sometimes vague, but often include cough, fever, night sweats, unintended weight loss and lethargy. Latent (inactive) TB causes no symptoms. Most strains of TB can be treated with antimicrobial drugs. Up to four different types of medicines may be used together to treat a patient. If left untreated, active TB can be life-threatening.

Some forms of TB have become resistant to drugs (MDR TB), and some forms are extensively resistant to drugs (XDR TB). These diseases are hard to treat. People sometimes contract MDR or XDR TB through direct contact with a person who is already infected. Or, in other cases, people with more traditional TB infections develop a drug-resistant strains. This can happen if anti-TB medication is used inappropriately or stopped too soon.

Many countries where TB is common will routinely give the Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine against tuberculosis to babies or children. The BCG vaccine protects these children against severe TB. If you live in an area with higher rates of TB infection, you may also consider vaccinating children up to 16 years old if you plan to live there for 3 months or more.

Travellers and expatriates may be able to reduce their chance of contracting TB by limiting the amount of time they spend in crowded places. Avoiding people who are coughing also minimises risk. Consider TB screening of local staff who live with you – especially if you have young children in your household.

Bangladesh

The World Health Organization (WHO) has designated Bangladesh a "high burden country" for tuberculosis. The country falls in the "moderate incidence" range for tuberculosis as per WHO. Moderate incidence range is between 50 to 299 new cases each year per 100,000 population. WHO has also designated Bangladesh a "high burden country" for multi-drug resistance tuberculosis (MDR-TB). BCG vaccination is given at birth and is included in the country's immunization schedule.

Expatriates or frequent travellers should consider consulting their doctor as TB screening may be offered.

Typhoid fever | Threat from : Food and/or water

Typhoid fever is a serious infection caused by Salmonella Typhi bacteria. People are infected through ingesting contaminated food or water. Choosing safe food and water and vaccination reduces the risk of developing the disease.

Symptoms usually begin one to three weeks after exposure. Although typhoid fever is often called a diarrhoeal disease, some patients do not have diarrhoea. Persistent, high fever is typical. Other early symptoms are flu-like: body aches and pains, weakness, loss of appetite and a continuous dull headache. A rash with pink spots may appear on the chest and abdomen of some patients. In severe cases, perforation of the bowel can cause severe bleeding or infection in the abdomen, which can be fatal.

Typhoid is treated with antibiotics. However there is a growing problem of antibiotic resistance. "Extensively drug-resistant' (XDR) typhoid is present in some locations and does not respond to many of the antibiotics which are usually used against typhoid, making preventive measures even more important.

Zika virus | Threat from : Bites and Stings

Bangladesh

Zika may be present in some areas. Zika virus was confirmed in March 2016 based on research studies of samples from 2014. A traveller who visited Bangladesh in 2014 was diagnosed with Zika after returning to China. It is unclear the extent to which ZIka virus exists in Bangladesh. https://www.internationalsos.com/MasterPortal/PrintDisplayPR.aspx Page 21 of 31 International SOS Member Site - - Country Report 7/21/20, 3:43 PM

Getting There

METHOD OF ARRIVAL

By air

Dhaka's Hazrat Shahjalal International Airport (DAC), formerly known as Zia International airport, is the country's main international airport and the hub for internal flights. There are two additional international airports – Chittagong's Shah Amanat (CGP) and Sylhet's Osmani (ZYL) airports. The country has five domestic airports – Saidpur (SPD), Shah Makhdum (RJH), Jessore (JSR), Barisal (BZL) and Cox's Bazar (CXB).

Access to Hazrat Shahjalal's departure terminal is restricted to passengers. Tickets and passports are checked on entry, and baggage X-rayed. Hand-baggage screening procedures are satisfactory, though incidents of theft and harassment have been reported. Theft of passport at Dhaka and Sylhet airports is a serious concern. Travellers should keep their luggage in sight and conceal valuable items.

There have been reports of travellers being scammed by security personnel in the departure hall of Hazrat Shahjalal airport; during security checks, travellers have been asked to hand over the local currency (taka) stating that it is illegal to export it. In such circumstances, travellers should refuse to comply with such demands and seek to speak to the Chief of Airport Security or, if possible, contact the relevant diplomatic mission.

Airlines have variable security standards. You may wish to consult the European Commission's website for a list of airlines banned within the EU and the US Federal Aviation Administration's website for a database of aviation accidents and statistics.

By land

Bangladesh can be entered from India via crossings at Benapole-Haridaspur (Kolkata, West Bengal state), Chilihari-Haldibari (Darjeeling, West Bengal state) and Tamabil-Dwaki (Jaintia Hills, Meghalaya state). The crossing at Benapole is the most commonly used, reliable and safe; there are direct bus services on this route, though not recommended due to distance and road safety. Other crossings may be sealed without any notice; hence it is advisable to check before travelling. There is an international train service that connects Kolkata with Dhaka, but is also not recommended for business travellers. Overland travel is not possible into Bangladesh from Myanmar.

Entry & Departure Requirements Passport and visa requirements are subject to change and vary depending on the length of stay and visa type (business or tourist). Check with your travel advisor, embassy or consulate in your home country. Passports must be valid for at least six months from the date of entry. Passport Required? Visa Required? Return Ticket Required Australia Yes Yes Yes United Kingdom Yes Yes Yes Canada Yes Yes Yes Europe Yes Yes/1 Yes United States Yes Yes Yes

Traveling during the COVID-19 outbreak poses significant health, business continuity risks, and potentially second and third-order security consequences. Defer non-essential travel to Bangladesh. International SOS is monitoring the situation closely. Please see the Pandemic Information website.

The table and information below is intended as a guide. Visa related regulations, including fees, can change with little or no notice. Furthermore, the complexity of visa related regulations often leaves the process open to the interpretation of local immigration officials who may apply the regulations differently. All questions regarding entry requirements should be directed to the nearest Bangladesh overseas diplomatic representation.

Visas

Visas are required for citizens of all countries except Barbados, Bhutan, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Fiji, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Grenada, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, , Jamaica, Lesotho, Malawi, Maldives, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, St. Kitts and Nevis, Tanzania, Tonga and Zambia, who can stay for 90 days visa-free. Tourists and business travellers who do not have a Bangladesh mission in their country of origin can obtain visas on arrival, for a maximum of 30 days, provided they hold return air tickets. Fees vary depending on nationality.

Visa on arrival is not an official policy and visitors can be denied the privilege on arrival, therefore travellers should obtain a visa prior to arrival. Visitors should apply for a multiple-entry visa for travel to the rest of the country from Dhaka. Long-term stays require appropriate permits and overstaying can lead to harsh penalties.

Travellers on short visits must have a minimum of $500 in cash or a credit card. Visa-issuing policy varies between overseas consulates, some of which occasionally state erroneously that visas are unnecessary. Visas that are valid for six months from the date of issue (and are good for three-month visits) are standard. Travellers should note that if they do not request a three-month visa they will be issued a one-month visa. A fresh visa will be required in a new passport; the visa can be obtained at the Directorate of Immigration and Passport office located at Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Agargaon. Visas can also be extended at the Directorate of Immigration and Passport.

Transit passengers continuing their journey by the same or first connecting aircraft, provided holding valid onward or return documentation and not leaving the airport, are exempted from transit visas.

Entry/Exit requirements

A passport that is valid for at least six months beyond the duration of the visit and an onward/return ticket are required. Visitors can import and export up to $5,000 https://www.internationalsos.com/MasterPortal/PrintDisplayPR.aspx Page 22 of 31 International SOS Member Site - - Country Report 7/21/20, 3:43 PM

without declaration. Travellers can bring in or export up to 5,000 taka without declaration. Foreign nationals working in Bangladesh are required to obtain an Income Tax Clearance Certificate or an Income Tax Exemption Certificate prior to each departure from Bangladesh. Full details of the requirements and those exempted can be obtained from the Bangladesh Board of Revenue's website.

Foreign travellers are required to fill-in an embarkation/ disembarkation and health card on entry, including information on their intended address, purpose of visit, proposed length of stay, passport number and place and date of passport issue. Passengers will also be provided with a luggage declaration form, which must be completed and submitted to the customs officer before departure from the customs hall.

Procedures

The government of Bangladesh refuses admission and transit to nationals of Israel. Foreign nationals who intend to stay for more than three months are required to register with the police within seven days.

Departure Tax

The amount of tax depends on the destination and is usually included in the price of the ticket. Travellers are advised to contact the relevant airline for the tax amount.

Getting Around

BY AIR

National carrier Biman Bangladesh Airlines offers domestic services from several airports, including those in the capital Dhaka and the districts of Barisal, Chittagong, Jessore, Sylhet, and Rajshahi. The longest internal flights only take around one hour. Travellers are advised to contact their local hosts or respective embassies to verify the safety standards of domestic flights.

BY ROAD

Foreigners should not self-drive due to poor local driving standards and as road rules are routinely disregarded and traffic lights often ignored. Traffic is chaotic and gridlock is common in cities. The large concentration of three-wheelers (auto-rickshaws) and two-wheelers (scooters, motorcycles and bicycles), as well as stray animals and cattle, can aggravate the traffic conditions. Travelling outside city limits at night, even with a driver, is considered risky due to poor street and vehicle lighting; many vehicles are unlit and banditry is a concern while travelling between towns.

Rural areas often have poorly maintained or unpaved roads that contribute to a high accident rate. Inadequate road maintenance and lack of proper road signage and safety shoulders, especially on highways, are additional hazards. Roads are riddled with potholes and sharp drop-offs. Traffic police officers often request bribes. Furthermore, road travel may be disrupted during the monsoon season (June-September) in major urban centres due to inundated roads and resultant traffic jams. In the event of being involved in a road accident, visitors should immediately contact the nearest police.

BY TAXI

Taxis should be procured from a good hotel, with the fare agreed in advance. Dealing with local taxi drivers is likely to be problematic due to their limited comprehension of English and little understanding of the local geography, making it difficult to find the intended destination. Taxis are often poorly maintained and lack air conditioning, while meters may either misrepresent the fare or be broken.

BY TRAIN

The extensive rail network serves several destinations in the country. However, business visitors should avoid this mode of transport as the service is poor and trains are generally slow. Political activists are known to target rail lines with explosives and remove tracks, making train travel unsafe.

BY OTHER MEANS

By ferry

Ferries are an unsuitable method of travel for business visitors as these are poorly maintained and frequently overcrowded. Furthermore, the safety record of vessels is poor and multiple deaths are a feature of the all-too-regular ferry disasters. However, if ferry travel is unavoidable, visitors should select an operator through an international tourist company and enquire into the safety record; ensure that the vessel is equipped with essential safety provisions. Ferries should not be boarded if it is overcrowded.

By bus

There is an extensive bus network. However they are unsuitable for business travellers as these are usually crowded and poorly maintained. Language & Money

LANGUAGE

The official language is Bangla (also known as Bengali). English is widely spoken in government and business circles, though less so elsewhere. However, some staff at hotels, airports and railway stations as well as in the travel and tourism industry may be able to speak English.

MONEY

The official currency is the Taka (BDT). Currency can be exchanged at the airport and banks including American Express, HSBC and Standard Chartered. Credit cards such as MasterCard, Diners Club and American Express are generally not accepted, except at major hotels and shops. However, credit/debit cards can be used to draw money from ATMs, with an additional surcharge, which are located in major cities such as Dhaka, Chittagong, Bogra, Sylhet, Narayanganj and Khulna. There have been incidents of credit card fraud at ATMs. US dollar traveller's cheques are widely accepted at banks and at Hazrat Shahjalal International Airport in Dhaka, though proof of https://www.internationalsos.com/MasterPortal/PrintDisplayPR.aspx Page 23 of 31 International SOS Member Site - - Country Report 7/21/20, 3:43 PM

purchase is required. Some hotels request payment in foreign currency or traveller's cheques. Local currency in the form of cash and traveller's cheques cannot be exchanged for US dollars, unless a ticket for travel outside Bangladesh is provided. Cultural Tips

General cultural tips

Ask permission before taking photographs of people, especially in rural areas. Do not photograph military instillations or airports. Friendships usually remain formal between men and women. Public physical contact between the sexes is unacceptable. However, it is not unusual to see men walking in the street holding hands. Homosexuality is illegal and punishable by fines and extended imprisonment. It is courteous to receive or give anything using the right hand. The left hand is considered unclean. Remove shoes when visiting any mosques or temples. You may also be expected to remove shoes prior to entering someone's home. Follow the lead of your host. Visitors should take account of Islamic sensibilities. Both men and women should dress modestly. It is considered insulting to display the soles of the feet. Muslims do not eat, drink or smoke from dawn to dusk during the fasting month of Ramadan. It is considerate to avoid doing these things in public during this period, and many restaurants and cafés are closed. Muslims do not consume alcohol or pork products. Alcohol will only be available in larger hotels.

Business cultural tips

Bangladesh is a hierarchical society, but one that also displays elements of Western business practices. The business community is generally composed of Bangladesh's richest families, many of whom have been educated at Western universities. Business cards are essential and are exchanged at the beginning of meetings. Handshaking is the standard form of greeting when doing business in Bangladesh. Women should initiate handshaking upon introduction. Appointments should be made well in advance. The pace of negotiations may be slower than that of the West. Business dress should be conservative until the specific formality is known. Meetings may need to be scheduled around the five daily Islamic prayer times, each lasting about five minutes. Executives should consider whether business trips during Ramadan are essential or can be re-arranged for a more suitable time.

Businesswomen

Tipping

The cultural acceptance of tipping that is prevalent in the West is absent in Bangladesh. A small tip (around 5-10%) will suffice in business-class hotels and restaurants where Western practices are more common.

Working Week

Working Week: Sunday to Thursday Office hours: 09.00-17.00 Banking hours: 10.00-16.00; until 13.00 on Saturdays Phone & Power

Bangladesh Telecommunications

Emergency Numbers Fire 199 Police 999

Dialing Codes Country Code 880 IDD Prefix (International Direct Dialing) 00 NDD Prefix (National Direct Dialing) 0

Telephone Information

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International direct dialling and fax services are available in most business-class hotels in Dhaka and Chittagong. Airtel, Banglalink, Grameenphone, Robi, Citycell and Teletalk Bangladesh are the GSM network providers. The mobile and landline network could be subject to disruption on national holidays due to increased usage. There are restrictions on the use of satellite phones. An advanced permit from the Bangladesh Telecommunication Regulatory Commission is required.

Internet cafes are available. Hotels, retail shops and restaurants also provide internet facilities. The state-run postal service is slow; air mail takes ten days to Europe and the US. International courier services like FedEx and DHL are available in Dhaka and Chittagong.

Information Security

Bangladesh remains one of the most vulnerable countries to cybersecurity risks, given the lack of robust institutional mechanisms and policy implementation. Spam attacks, targeted attacks on financial institutions, malware including worms, Trojans and local virus infections, unwanted software downloads, threat malware and phishing, including malicious websites, are prevalent, targeting government and private institutions as well as individuals. The Bangladesh Bank cyberheist in February 2016 remains the most significant cybersecurity breach recorded in the country, during which hackers misused the SWIFT network to illegally transfer around $1bn from the bank's account with the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. Travellers should anticipate a degree of surveillance, especially on social media platforms, and take appropriate precautions. Financial theft and malware infection remain primary concerns and require robust security measures.

Advice

Minimise the number of devices you bring in-country; only carry devices that are absolutely essential. Clean devices, containing only data necessary for the trip with no access to shared networks, should be used if targeted attacks are likely. Ensure all devices you bring in-country are well secured, with strong passwords; ensure all storage devices have full disk encryption. Ensure all software, including anti-virus protection, is up to date prior to travel; avoid updating software while away. Avoid connecting to insecure Wi-Fi networks where possible. Public Wi-Fi connections are almost always unencrypted. This allows attackers to easily instigate man-in-the-middle attacks, where they redirect your browsing request to a malicious website and then run malware on your device. If necessary, only connect to public networks using a virtual private network (VPN). Always familiarise yourself with the legal status of any VPN or application in your destination country prior to travel. Be aware of other relevant legislation, including compliance requests which allow authorities to inspect devices. Keep devices on your person as much as possible. If unattended, ensure devices are powered down and well secured. If using hotel safes, secure them with a secondary personally lockable device. Limit location tracking/turn off your phone's location function to deter surveillance, with the exception of our Assistance app or other essential applications. Turn off Wi-Fi and Bluetooth when not in use. Run a thorough check of all devices upon your return and use the ‘forget network' setting if you did connect to any public Wi-Fi networks. Comply with local legislation. This includes any official requests to inspect devices. If this occurs, inform your IT department as soon as possible and exercise caution when using the device after. Power off devices prior to approaching customs. Obtain profile-specific advice, taking into account your industry and position in the company.

Bangladesh Electricity

Voltage and Frequency

Additional Electrical Information

Voltage: 220 volts Frequency: 50 Hz

These are the most common plug types used:

Geography & Weather

Weather data provided by weather.com

Climate

Bangladesh has a tropical climate characterised by hot and humid summers, and relatively dry winters. Rainfall is highest during the monsoon season, which extends from June to September; the country receives more than three-quarters of its average rainfall during this period. April is the warmest and January the coldest month, when the average temperatures are 29°C (84°F) and 19°C (66°F) respectively. Overall, Chittagong has a more pleasant climate than Dhaka, as both the temperature and the humidity levels are lower.

GEOGRAPHY

The People's Republic of Bangladesh is situated in north-east South Asia. The country is bordered by India in the east, west and north and by the Bay of Bengal in the south. In the south-east there is a small border with Myanmar. The terrain consists mostly of flat lowland deltas and plains characterised by wooded marsh lands and jungles, except for a range of hills in the south-east. The major rivers are Padma and Jamuna. https://www.internationalsos.com/MasterPortal/PrintDisplayPR.aspx Page 25 of 31 International SOS Member Site - - Country Report 7/21/20, 3:43 PM

The country consists of six divisions – Barisal, Chittagong, Dhaka, Khulna, Rajshahi and Sylhet – which are further sub-divided into 64 districts for administrative purposes. Major cities apart from the capital Dhaka include Chittagong, Khulna, Rajshahi, Sylhet, Barisal, Bogra (Bogra district, Rajshahi), Comilla (Comilla district, Chittagong), Mymensingh (Mymensingh district, Dhaka) and Rangpur (Rangpur district, Rajshahi). Embassies & Consulates

Embassies Australia High Commission Dhaka 184 Gulshan Avenue, Gulshan 2; Dhaka

Dhaka 1212 Bangladesh Telephone: +880 2 9604 2601 00

Fascimilie: +880 2 5881 1125; +8 Email: [email protected]; [email protected]

website: http://www.bangladesh.embassy.gov.au/ Belgium Consulate

ACI Centre – 245 Tejgaon Industrial Area; Dhaka

Bangladesh Telephone: +880 2887 8621

Fascimilie: +880 2887 8619 Brazil Embassy Dhaka Bay's Edgewater (Ground and First Floor): NE(N) 12, North Avenue, Gulshan; Dhaka

Dhaka 1212 Bangladesh Telephone: +880 2 988 7667

Fascimilie: +880 2 881 3000 Email: [email protected]

website: daca.itamaraty.gov.br Canada High Commission Dhaka United Nations Road, Baridhara; Dhaka

Dhaka 1212 Bangladesh Telephone: +880 2 55668444 Fascimilie: +880 2 55668423

Email: [email protected]

website: https://www.international.gc.ca/country-pays/bangladesh/dhaka-dacca.aspx?la China Embassy Dhaka Plot No, 2 and 4, Embassy Road, Block-1 Baridhara; Dhaka

Dhaka 1212 Bangladesh Telephone: +880 2 9860103 Fascimilie: +880 2 9896878, 9880

Email: [email protected]

website: http://bd.china-embassy.org/eng/ Denmark Embassy Dhaka https://www.internationalsos.com/MasterPortal/PrintDisplayPR.aspx Page 26 of 31 International SOS Member Site - - Country Report 7/21/20, 3:43 PM

Bay´s Edgewater Plot: NE(N) 12, 6th Floor, North Avenue, Gulshan; Dhaka

Dhaka 1212 Bangladesh Telephone: +880 5566 8900 Fascimilie: +880 2 5505 1869

Email: [email protected] ; [email protected] website: http://bangladesh.um.dk/ Finland Consulate

Summit Centre 18 Karwan Bazar; Dhaka

1215 Bangladesh Telephone: +880 2913 0845 Email: [email protected]

website: https://finlandabroad.fi/web/bgd/frontpage France Consulate Chittagong National Brokers Limited, Ghowsia Tofall Tower 1st Floor, 1837 Sheik Mujib Road, Agrabad; Chittagong

Chittagong 4100 Bangladesh Telephone: +88031716166

Email: [email protected] website: https://bd.ambafrance.org/Consul-Honoraire-de-France-a-Chittagong France Embassy Dhaka Madani Avenue Baridhara Diplomatic Enclave; Dhaka

Dhaka 1212 Bangladesh Telephone: +880 2 55 66 86 00

Fascimilie: +880 2 5566 8610 Email: [email protected]

website: https://bd.ambafrance.org/-Accueil-Anglais- Germany Consulate Chittagong M. M. Ispahani Ltd., Ispahani Building Sheikh Mujib Road, Agrabad; Chittagong

Chittagong Bangladesh Telephone: +880 31716153-56

Email: [email protected] website: http://www.dhaka.diplo.de/Vertretung/dhaka/en/03/Botschafter__und__Referate Germany Embassy Dhaka 11 Madani Avenue, Baridhara Diplomatic Enclave; Dhaka

Dhaka 1212 Bangladesh Telephone: +880 2 5566 8650

Fascimilie: +880 2 5566 8690

website: http://www.dhaka.diplo.de/ India High Commission Dhaka https://www.internationalsos.com/MasterPortal/PrintDisplayPR.aspx Page 27 of 31 International SOS Member Site - - Country Report 7/21/20, 3:43 PM

Plot No. 1-3, Park Road, Baridhara; Dhaka

Dhaka 1212 Bangladesh Telephone: +880 2 55067301-308

Fascimilie: +880 2 55067361

Email: [email protected] website: http://www.hcidhaka.gov.in/ Indonesia Embassy Dhaka Road No. 53 Plot No. 14 Gulshan – 2; Dhaka

Dhaka 1212 Bangladesh Telephone: +880 2 881 2260

Fascimilie: +880 2 882 5391

Email: [email protected] website: www.kemlu.go.id/dhaka Italy Consulate Chittagong M. M. Ispahani Ltd., Ispahani Building Sheikh Mujib Road, Agrabad; Chittagong

Chittagong Bangladesh Telephone: +880 31710816

website: http://www.ambdhaka.esteri.it/ambasciata_dhaka/it/ambasciata/la_rete_consol Italy Embassy Dhaka Plot 2/3, Road 74/79, Gulshan 2; Dhaka

Dhaka 1212 Bangladesh Telephone: +880 2 9842781-3 Fascimilie: +880 2 8823337

Email: [email protected]

website: https://ambdhaka.esteri.it/ambasciata_dhaka/en/ambasciata/la_sede Japan Consulate Chittagong Osman Court, 70, 2nd floor; Chittagong

Chittagong 4100 Bangladesh Telephone: +880 31 710673 Japan Embassy Dhaka Plot No. 5 & 7, Dutabash Road, Baridhara; Dhaka

Dhaka 1212 Bangladesh Telephone: +880 2 9840010 Fascimilie: +880 2 9841591

Email: [email protected]

website: https://www.bd.emb-japan.go.jp/itprtop_en/index.html Mexico Consulate Dhaka

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Millennium Center 206/1-207/1 Bir Uttam Mir Shawkat Sharak (Gulshan Tejgaon Link Road); Dhaka

Dhaka 1208 Bangladesh Telephone: +880 2 886 1888 Fascimilie: +880 2 882 3266 Netherlands Embassy Dhaka Road 90, House 49, Gulshan 2; Dhaka

Dhaka 1212 Bangladesh Telephone: + 880 2 984271518 Fascimilie: + 880 2 5505 1922

Email: [email protected] website: https://www.netherlandsandyou.nl/your-country-and-the-netherlands/banglades Norway Embassy Dhaka Bay’s Edgewater, 6th Floor, Plot 12, North Avenue, Gulshan 2,; Dhaka

Dhaka 1212 Bangladesh Telephone: +880 255668570

Email: [email protected]

website: https://www.norway.no/en/bangladesh/ Russia Embassy Dhaka NE (J) 9, Road # 79, Gulshan-2

Dhaka 1212 Bangladesh Telephone: +880 2 988 0011 Fascimilie: +880 2 986 3285

Email: [email protected] website: www.bangladesh.mid.ru Saudi Arabia Embassy Dhaka House 5 (Northeast) L, 83 Street, Gulshan-2; Dhaka

Dhaka 1212 Bangladesh Telephone: +880 2 883 4078

Fascimilie: +880 2 4881 0948

Email: [email protected] website: http://embassies.mofa.gov.sa/sites/Bangladesh/EN/Pages/default.aspx South Korea Embassy Dhaka 4 Madani Avenue, Baridhara; Dhaka

Dhaka 1212 Bangladesh Telephone: +880 2 5881 2088-90

Fascimilie: +880 2 984 3871

Email: [email protected] website: http://overseas.mofa.go.kr/bd-en/index.do

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Spain Embassy Dhaka Road 90, House 49, Gulshan 2; Dhaka

Dhaka 1212 Bangladesh Telephone: +880 2 8881921-28

Fascimilie: +880 2 8837 252 website: http://www.exteriores.gob.es/Embajadas/DHAKA/en/Pages/inicio.aspx Sweden Embassy Dhaka Bay’s Edgewater, 6th floor Plot no. 12, North Avenue Gulshan 2; Dhaka

Dhaka 1212 Bangladesh Telephone: +880 2 5566 8500

Fascimilie: +880 2 9852032

Email: [email protected]; [email protected] website: https://www.swedenabroad.se/en/embassies/bangladesh-dhaka/# Switzerland Embassy Dhaka Bay's Edgewater 8th Floor, Plot 12 North Avenue, Gulshan 2 Dhaka 1212 Bangladesh; Dhaka

Dhaka 1212 Bangladesh Telephone: +880 2 55051601

Fascimilie: +880 2 55051614 Email: [email protected]

website: http://www.eda.admin.ch/dhaka Turkey Embassy Dhaka 7 Road No. 2; Dhaka

Dhaka 1212 Bangladesh Telephone: +880 2 5881 3535

Fascimilie: +880 2 2984 3873 Email: [email protected]

website: dhaka.emb.mfa.gov.tr United Kingdom High Commission Dhaka United Nations Road, Baridhara; Dhaka

Dhaka 1212 Bangladesh Telephone: +880 2 55668700 Fascimilie: +880 2 9843437

Email: [email protected]

website: https://www.gov.uk/world/bangladesh United States Embassy Dhaka Madani Avenue, Baridhara; Dhaka

Dhaka 1212 Bangladesh https://www.internationalsos.com/MasterPortal/PrintDisplayPR.aspx Page 30 of 31 International SOS Member Site - - Country Report 7/21/20, 3:43 PM

Telephone: +880 2 5566 2000

Fascimilie: +880 2 5566-2907

Email: [email protected]

website: https://bd.usembassy.gov/ Calendar

2020

31 Jul - 03 Aug Eid al-Adha The 'Festival of the Sacrifice'.

15 Aug National Mourning Day Death Of The Father Of The Nation This day commemorates the assassination of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, the 'Father of Bangladesh', in 1975.

16 Dec Victory Day This day commemorates 16 December 1971, when East Pakistan separated from Pakistan to gain nationhood as Bangladesh - 'Bengal Nation' in Bengali.

25 Dec Christmas Day In some countries, if this holiday falls on a Saturday or Sunday, a public holiday is declared for the following Monday.

26 Dec Boxing Day In many countries, if this holiday falls on a Saturday or Sunday, a public holiday is observed on the following Monday or Tuesday respectively.

31 Dec Bank Holiday

2021

01 Jan New Year's Day In many countries, if this holiday falls on a Saturday or Sunday, a public holiday is declared for the following Monday.

21 Feb Shaheed Day or National Mother Language Day A memorial day and national holiday to commemorate the day a procession of Bengalis and members of the Language Movement of 1952 were shot at by police, killing four people.

17 Mar Bangabandhu Birthday/National Childrens Day This holiday commemorates the birthday of Sheikh Mujibur Rehman, the leader of Bangladesh’s freedom struggle.

26 Mar Independence and National Day Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, the leader of the Awami League, East Pakistan's leading political party, declared independence from Pakistan on this day in 1971, creating the People's Republic of Bangladesh. A nine-month civil war ensued.

14 Apr Bengali New Year

DISCLAIMER PRIVACY Travel security advice provided in this report represents the best judgment of AEA International Holdings Pte. Ltd. Medical and health advice provided in this report represents the best judgment of AEA International Holdings Pte. Ltd. Advice in this report does not however provide a warranty of future results nor a guarantee against risk.

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