Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-08229-8 - Music and Riddle Culture in the Renaissance Katelijne Schiltz Frontmatter More information Music and Riddle Culture in the Renaissance Throughout the Renaissance, composers often expressed themselves in a language of riddles and puzzles, which they embedded within the music and lyrics of their compositions. This is the first book on the theory, practice and cultural context of musical riddles during the period. Katelijne Schiltz focuses on the compositional, notational, practical, social and theoretical aspects of musical riddle culture c. 1450–1620, from the works of Antoine Busnoys, Jacob Obrecht and Josquin des Prez to Lodovico Zacconi’s manuscript collection of Canoni musicali. Schiltz reveals how the riddle both invites and resists interpretation, the ways in which riddles imply a process of transformation, and the consequences of these aspects for the riddle’s conception, performance and reception. Lavishly illustrated and including a comprehensive catalogue by Bonnie J. Blackburn of enigmatic inscriptions, this book will be of interest to scholars of music, literature, art history, theology and the history of ideas. katelijne schiltz is Associate Professor at the University of Regensburg. She is the author of a book on the motets of Adrian Willaert (2003), and her articles have appeared in a number of journals, including Early Music, Early Music History, Rivista italiana di musicologia, Archiv für Musikwissenschaft and the Tijdschrift van de Koninklijke Vereniging voor Nederlandse Muziekgeschiedenis. She is general editor (together with David J. Burn) of the Journal of the Alamire Foundation and a member of the editorial board of Analysis in Context. A Laureate of the Royal Flemish Academy of Belgium for Science and the Arts, she has won prizes from the Society for Music Theory and from the Lyrica Society for Word-Music Relations. © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-08229-8 - Music and Riddle Culture in the Renaissance Katelijne Schiltz Frontmatter More information © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-08229-8 - Music and Riddle Culture in the Renaissance Katelijne Schiltz Frontmatter More information Music and Riddle Culture in the Renaissance katelijne schiltz with a catalogue of enigmatic canonic inscriptions by Bonnie J. Blackburn © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-08229-8 - Music and Riddle Culture in the Renaissance Katelijne Schiltz Frontmatter More information University Printing House, Cambridge CB2 8BS, United Kingdom Cambridge University Press is part of the University of Cambridge. It furthers the University’s mission by disseminating knowledge in the pursuit of education, learning and research at the highest international levels of excellence. www.cambridge.org Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9781107082298 © Katelijne Schiltz and Bonnie J. Blackburn 2015 This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. First published 2015 Printed in the United Kingdom by TJ International Ltd. Padstow Cornwall A catalogue record for this publication is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication data Schiltz, Katelijne, 1974- author. Music and riddle culture in the Renaissance / Katelijne Schiltz ; with a catalogue of enigmatic canonic inscriptions by Bonnie J. Blackburn. pages cm Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-107-08229-8 (Hardback) 1. Music–15th century–History and criticism. 2. Music–16th century–History and criticism 3. Renaissance. 4. Riddles–History and criticism. I. Blackburn, Bonnie J., author. II. Title. ML172.S245 2015 780.90031–dc23 2014038630 ISBN 978-1-107-08229-8 Hardback Cambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of URLs for external or third-party internet websites referred to in this publication, and does not guarantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate. © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-08229-8 - Music and Riddle Culture in the Renaissance Katelijne Schiltz Frontmatter More information For my parents © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-08229-8 - Music and Riddle Culture in the Renaissance Katelijne Schiltz Frontmatter More information Doch glaube keiner, daß mit allem Sinnen Das ganze Lied er je enträtseln werde! Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Die Geheimnisse. Ein Fragment, ll. 9–10 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-08229-8 - Music and Riddle Culture in the Renaissance Katelijne Schiltz Frontmatter More information Contents List of plates [page ix] List of figures [x] List of music examples [xiv] Acknowledgements [xv] List of abbreviations [xix] List of manuscript sigla [xxi] List of printed music [xxviii] Introduction [1] 1. The culture of the enigmatic from Classical Antiquity to the Renaissance [22] Classical Antiquity and the Middle Ages [24] Riddles in the Renaissance [31] The discourse on obscurity [40] 2. Devising musical riddles in the Renaissance [65] The message of the notation [73] Why obscurity? The musical riddle in context [83] Techniques of transformation [93] Enigmatic inscriptions [130] Riddles and their resolutio [174] 3. The reception of the enigmatic in music theory [194] Theorists in favour of riddles [198] Critical voices [220] 4. Riddles visualised [273] Introduction: visual poetry – visual music [273] Geometrical figures: the circle [278] Religious symbols: the cross [301] Music and nature: the lunar cycle [326] Rebus, cryptography and chronogram [342] Conclusion [359] vii © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-08229-8 - Music and Riddle Culture in the Renaissance Katelijne Schiltz Frontmatter More information viii Contents Appendix 1 A brief introduction to mensural notation [365] Appendix 2 Catalogue of enigmatic canonic inscriptions – Bonnie J. Blackburn [367] Index to the catalogue of enigmatic canonic inscriptions [460] Bibliography [478] Index of compositions [505] General index [509] © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-08229-8 - Music and Riddle Culture in the Renaissance Katelijne Schiltz Frontmatter More information Plates The colour plates can be found between pages 226 and 227 2.1 Anon., Kain Adler in der Welt in Vienna 19237 4.1 Anon., En la maison Dedalus. Berkeley, University of California Music Library, MS 744 (olim Phillipps 4450), 62 4.2 Anon., Salve radix in London Royal 11 E.xi. © British Library Board 4.3 Tielman Susato, Puisqu’en janvier in Vingt et six chansons musicales (Antwerp: Susato, 1543), Tenor. With permission from the Bibliothèque Royale Albert Ier/Koninklijke Bibliotheek Albert I in Brussels ix © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-08229-8 - Music and Riddle Culture in the Renaissance Katelijne Schiltz Frontmatter More information Figures 1.1 The encoded voice of Josquin des Prez, Missa Fortuna desperata, Agnus Dei I in Heinrich Glarean, Dodekachordon (Basel, 1547), 389: (a) enigmatic notation, (b) resolution. Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, 2 Mus.th. 215 [page 23] 1.2 Title page of Athenaeus, Banquet of the Learned (Venice: Aldus Manutius, 1514). Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, 2 A.gr.b. 422 [33] 1.3 Title page of Symphosius’ Aenigmata (Basel, 1563). Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, Res/Ph.sp. 116#Beibd.2 [34] 1.4 Giovanni Francesco Straparola, Piacevole notti (Venice, 1586), fol. 52r (page with the riddle that is also cited in Pietro Cerone’s El Melopeo y maestro). Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, P.o.it. 970 [37] 2.1 Tenor of Jacob Obrecht, Missa Fortuna desperata, from Misse Obreht (Venice: Petrucci, 1503), beginning of the Gloria, fol. 25. Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, 4 Mus.pr. 160#Beibd.1 [67] 2.2 Jacob Obrecht, Missa Fortuna desperata in the Segovia codex, beginning of the Gloria (with enigmatic Tenor and Tenor ad longum). With permission from the Archivo Capitular de la Catedral de Segovia [69] 2.3 Tenor of Jacob Obrecht, Missa Fortuna desperata in Concentus harmonici (Basel: Mewes, 1507), beginning of the Gloria. Basel, Universitätsbibliothek, kk III 23a [70] 2.4 Johannes Mittner, Missa Hercules dux Ferrariae; beginning of the Osanna. Staatliche Bibliothek Regensburg, 2 Liturg. 18, fol. 24v [77] 2.5 Scipione Cerreto, two-voice riddle in Pietro Cerone, El Melopeo y maestro (Naples, 1613), Enigma no. 11. Regensburg, Bischöfliche Zentralbibliothek, Th 34 [80] 2.6 Anon., Avant, avant in Canti B (Venice: Petrucci, 1502). Reproduced from Ottaviano Petrucci, Canti B numero cinquanta, Monuments of Music & Music Literature in Facsimile, Series x I. Volume 23, by agreement with Broude Brothers Limited [96] © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-08229-8 - Music and Riddle Culture in the Renaissance Katelijne Schiltz Frontmatter More information List of figures xi 2.7 Marbriano de