DISTRICT ENVIRONMENT PLAN
DISTRICT SRINAGAR
1/1/2021
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1. INTRODUCTION Environment is the complex of biotic and abiotic factors that act upon an organism or on ecological community and ultimately determine its form and survival. Literally. environment means all that which surrounds us.
Biotic components or factors can be described as any living component that affects another organism or shapes the ecosystem.
Abiotic factors are non-living chemical and physical parts of the environment that affect living organisms and the functioning of the ecosystems.
The Earth Science generally recognizes four spheres, the Lithosphere, the Hydrosphere, the Atmosphere and the Biosphere as correspondent to Rocks/ Earth's Crust, Water, Air and Life respectively.
The world environment is going too much worst day by day as we use our natural resources indiscriminately and fail to manage our waste. Our total environmental conditions deteriorate in everyday life yet we are not concerned ourselves for saving us from different types of natural calamities and extinction of several types of species. Tt is true that only human beings are responsible for polluting environment, but if we show a little bit of concern that it will make us positive thinker lo save our environment.
Current Situation of Environment:
Due to over exploitation of the natural resources, the situation of environment is so poor that could never be imagined by our old generations in previous time. This has led to various types of pollution i.e. Air, Water, Soil and Noise Pollution. Settlements are the main reasons of increasing pollution which have resulted in various diseases and hampered the quality of life. Over use of plastic made items, particularly Single use plastic items such as: Polythene Bags, Plastic water bottles, wrappers of many food stuffs also has added nuisance to the Biotic components of Environment. Climate change that we are witnessing throughout the globe is also the result of over exploitation of our Natural Resources and imbalance of ecosystem.
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SOLUTIONS FOR SAVING ENVIRONMENT: Solutions are many but all need proper action and support from all stakeholders. Forests are the key operators of natural cycle but due to over exploitation we have forgotten its importance. Thus the first step to save our environment is to plant trees as many as possible. The next is the use of FIVE R's while using our natural resources. They are:
REDUCE, RECYCLE, REUSE, REFUSE and REPURPOSE.
The other measures are use of CNG/Electric driven Vehicles, proper implementation of bylaws of environment protection etc. Solar Plant instead of using generators to produce power to run various machines in the absence of electricity particularly running Hospital heating system.
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ECOSYSTEM-A PART OF ENVIRONMENT
An ecosystem is a community of living organisms in conjunction with the non-living components of their environment, interacting as a system. These biotic and abiotic components are linked together through nutrient cycles. Energy enters the system through photosynthesis and is incorporated into plant tissue. By feeding on plants and on one another, an animal plays an important role in the movement of matter and energy through the system. They also influence the quantity of plant and microbial biomass present. By breaking down dead organic matter, decomposers release carbon back to the atmosphere and facilitate nutrient cycling by converting nutrient stored in dead biomass back to a form that can be readily used by plants and other microbes.
Ecosystems are controlled by external and internal factors. External factors such as climate, soil and topography, control the overall structure of an eco-systern but are not themselves influenced by the eco system. Unlike external factors, internal factors are controlled, e.g. decomposition, root competition, shading, disturbance, succession, and types of species present.
Ecological imbalance occurs when there is no cohesion between internal and external factors. There should be balance between developmental and environmental policies. Ever increasing population with various types of wastes (Municipal Wastes, Biomedical Wastes, E-waste, Hazardous wastes, C & D Wastes etc.) have disturbed this ecosystem to a great extent, which is a warning to save and protect our environment.
Ecosystems are dynamic entities. They are subject to periodic disturbances and are in the process of recovering from some past disturbance. When a perturbation occurs an eco- system responds by moving away from its initial state. The tendency of an eco- system to remain close to its equilibrium state, despite that disturbance is termed its resistance. On the other hand the speed with which it returns to its initial stage after disturbance is called its resilience. Time plays a role in the development of soil from bare rock and the recovery of a community from disturbance.
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POLLUTION
The word 'POLLUTION' bas been derived from the Latin word 'POLLUTIONEM' which mean defilement. Pollution is an undesirable change in physical, chemical or biological characteristics of air, water and land, which may or will adversely affect human life and other life forms. Various types of pollution thus so caused have led to deterioration of quantity and quality of life.
Soil Pollution-Soil contamination or soil pollution as part of land degradation is caused by the presence of Xenobiotic (man-made) chemicals or other alteration in the natural soil environments. It is typically caused by industrial activity, use of pesticides and insecticides in agricultural operations or improper disposal of waste.
Water Pollution- It is the addition of some substances (Organic, Inorganic, Biological or Radiological) or factor (Heat, pH) which degrades the quality of water so that it either become health hazard or unfit for use.
Air Pollution- It is caused by the occurrence of foreign particles (Suspended Particulate Matter and Respiratory Suspended Particulate Matter) or gases in the atmosphere. Main reasons are vehicular emission, dust from 'Kachcha' Roads and paths. burning of domestic and agricultural wastes, burning of fuels, release of hazardous gases from industries.
Noise Pollution-increase in noise level leads to noise pollution. Noise is defined as unpleasant sound that has an adverse effect on the human. Major causes are the honking of horns, loud music at religious places and marriages, radio, TV, running of machines at sites.
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Environmental Management
There are two main approaches for environmental management.
1 Management based on standards. 2. Management based on best practicable means.
The first approach requires statutory provision for standards for each pollutant for air, water, noise and soil pollution. To this approach, each polluter could choose a suitable technique for pollution control, based on their evaluation for technical feasibility and economic viability. The second approach is based on best practicable means. In this case the industry is bound mandatorily to adopt any suitable method which is technically feasible as well as economically viable. The Health sector has to properly dispose the Bio- Medical waste in accordance to scientific manner. The daily generated Bio-Degradable waste in Urban/Rural areas have to be properly managed so as to convert it into compost for reuse through the Composting method. The Non-biodegradable waste has to be properly collected and disposed through scientific methods and make it reusable items.
POLLUTOR PAYs PRINCIPLE
The 'PPP' is the common accepted practice that those who pollute the environment should bear the cost of managing it to prevent damage to human health or environment. And such types of violators may be punished with Environment Compensation Cost.
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About District Srinagar
District Srinagar is the summer capital of Jammu and Kashmir (UT). It is situated in the centre of the Kashmir Valley on the banks of the Jhelum River and is surrounded by four districts and Ladakh UT. In the north it is flanked by Ladakh (UT) and Ganderbal in the South by Pulwama in the north-west by Budgam. The capital city of Srinagar is located 1585 meters above sea level. The city is famous for its gardens, lakes and houseboats. It is also known for traditional Kashmiri handicrafts and dried fruits. The city is located on both the sides of the Jhelum River, which is called Vyath in Kashmir. The river passes through the city and meanders through the valley, moving onward and deepening in the Dal Lake. The city is famous for its nine old bridges, connecting the two parts of the city. Hokersar is a wetland situated near Srinagar. Thousands of migratory birds come to Hokersar from Siberia and other regions in the winter season. Migratory birds from Siberia and Central Asia use wetlands in Kashmir as their transitory camps between September and October and again around spring. These wetlands play a vital role in sustaining a large population of wintering, staging and breeding birds.
Hokersar is 14 km (8.7 mi) north of Srinagar, and is a world class wetland spread over 13.75 km2 (5.31 sq mi) including lake and marshy area. It is the most accessible and well- known of Kashmir’s wetlands which include Hygam, Shalibug and Mirgund. A record number of migratory birds have visited Hokersar in recent years. Birds found in Hokersar—Migratory ducks and geese which include brahminy duck, tufted duck, gadwall, garganey, greylag goose, mallard, common merganser, northern pintail, common pochard, ferruginous pochard, red-crested pochard, ruddy shelduck, northern shoveller, common teal, and Eurasian wigeon.
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History
Srinagar was ruled by the Mauryan empire till around the 14th century and it was emperor Ashoka, who had introduced Buddhism to the valley of Kashmir. The Kushans believed to have controlled this region during the first century who ruled over this place from their stronghold at Pakistan and Afghanistan. Even King Vikramaditya from Ujjain, ruled over this place before transferring the reigns of control to a nomaid tribe named Huns during the 6th century. One of the most terrified rulers of the city was Mihirkula who belonged to this tribe.
After the 14th century, the city came under the Mughal rule and was ruled by the Muslim Kings. This city was made the capital during the rule of Yusuf Shah Chak who was then tricked to death by Akbar who set up his dominion on the city post the fall of Yusuf Shah Chak. It was in the year 1707 that the Mughal dominion came to en end with the death of their last King, Aurangzeb and then Srinagar came under the reign of the Durrani Empire. This empire was the leader of the Pasthun tribe and they ruled on Srinagar for multiple decades. It was in 1814 that the rule of Sikhs was established and Maharaja Ranjit Singh ruled over Kashmir. It was ruled by the Sikhs till the British Raj came into India. Till the year 1947 Srinagar was considered as a princely state in the British India.
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Geography & Demography
Geography
The city is located on both the sides of the Jhelum River, which is called Vyath in Kashmir. The river passes through the city and meanders through the valley, moving onward and deepening in the Dal Lake. The city is famous for its nine old bridges, connecting the two parts of the city. Hokersar is a wetland situated near Srinagar. Thousands of migratory birds come to Hokersar from Siberia and other regions in the winter season. Migratory birds from Siberia and Central Asia use wetlands in Kashmir as their transitory camps between September and October and again around spring. These wetlands play a vital role in sustaining a large population of wintering, staging and breeding birds. Hokersar is 14 km (8.7 mi) north of Srinagar, and is a world class wetland spread over 13.75 km2 (5.31 sq mi) including lake and marshy area. It is the most accessible and well-known of Kashmir’s wetlands which include Hygam, Shalibug and Mirgund. A record number of migratory birds have visited Hokersar in recent years. Birds found in Hokersar— Migratory ducks and geese which include brahminy duck, tufted duck, gadwall, garganey, greylag goose, mallard, common merganser, northern pintail, common pochard, ferruginous pochard, red-crested pochard, ruddy shelduck, northern shoveller, common teal, and Eurasian wigeon.
Demography As of 2011 census, Srinagar city’s population was 12,19,516 and Srinagar urban agglomeration had 1,236,829 population. Both the city and the urban agglomeration has average literacy rate of approximately 71%, whereas the national average is 74.04%. The child population of both the city and the urban agglomeration is approximately 12% of the total population. Males constituted 53.0% and females 47.0% of the population. The sex ratio in the city area is 888 females per 1000 males, whereas in the urban agglomeration it is 880 per 1000, and nationwide value of this ratio is 940. The predominant religion of Srinagar is Islam with 95% of the population being Muslim. Hindus constitute the second largest religious group representing 4% of the population. The remaining 1% of the population are Sikhs, Buddhist and Jains.
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Subdivision
S.No. Sub-Divisions
1. Srinagar East
2. Srinagar West
Constituencies
S.No. Name of Tehsil
3-Srinagar 18-Hazratbal
3-Srinagar 19-Zadibal
3-Srinagar 20-Eidgah
3-Srinagar 21-Khanyar
3-Srinagar 22-Habbakadal
3-Srinagar 23-Amirakadal
3-Srinagar 24-Sonawar
3-Srinagar 25-Batmaloo
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Tehsils
S.No. Name of Tehsil
1. Central Shalteng
2. Chanapora / Natipora
3. Eidgah
4. Khanyar
5. Pantha chowk
6. Srinagar North
7. Srinagar South
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The Proposed Model Action Plan for 7 Thematic Areas is as under
1.0 Waste Management Plan
(i) Solid Waste Management Plan (for each ULB) Units of Measurable No. Action Areas Details of Data Requirement Measurable Outcome for
Outcome District Name of Urban Municipal Council Local Body [name of ULB] Srinagar (ULB) No of ULBs in [Nos] 1 the District [Nos as per 2011 Population 1202447 census] Report on inventory of total SW1 solid waste Generation [in MT/Day] or SW1a Total solid waste Generation 625 [Not estimated] [in MT/Day] or SW1b Qty. of Dry Waste segregated [Collection Not Collection Not initiated
initiated] [in MT/Day] or SW1c Qty. of Wet Waste segregated [Collection Not Collection Not initiated
initiated] [in MT/Day] or SW1d Qty. of C&D Waste segregated [Collection Not 100
initiated] [in MT/Day] or SW1e Qty. of Street Sweeping 15 [Not estimated] [in MT/Day] or SW1f Qty. of Drain Silt Not Estimated [Not estimated] Qty. of Domestic Hazardous [in MT/Day] or [No SW1g No Facility Waste(DHW) collected Facility] Qty. of Other Waste (Horticulture, [in MT/Day] or SW1h 510 sanitary waste, etc.) [Qty not estimated] SW1i No of Old dump sites [Nos] or [None] NIL
[MT] or [Not SW1j Qty stored in dumpsites Not Estimated estimated] SW1k No of Sanitary landfills [nos] 3
SW1l No of wards [nos] 34
Compliance by SW2 Bulk Waste
Generators [numbers] or SW2a No of BW Generators [inventory not inventory not done
done] No of on-site facilities for Wet [numbers] or [No SW2b 1 Waste data]
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Compliance in segregated waste SW3 Collection SW Collection [Automatic] from SW3a Total generation 625 SW1a [in MT/Day] or SW3b Wet Waste [Collection Not 323.4 initiated] [in MT/Day] or SW3c Dry Waste [Collection Not 113
initiated] [in MT/Day] or SW3d C&D Waste [Collection Not 100
initiated] Waste SW4 Management
Operations SW4a Door to Door Collection [in %] 70%
SW4b Mechanical Road Sweeping Not Initiated not initiated
[100%] / SW4c Manual Sweeping 100% [partial%] [100%] / [partial SW4d Segregated Waste Transport %] / [not not initiated
initiated] SW4e Digesters (Bio-methanation) Not initiated not initiated
SW4f Composting operation [in TPD] 1
Mechanical SW4g MRF Operation Installed Segregator SW4h Use of Saniatry Landfill 70% 70%
SW4i Reclamation of old dumpsites Not Initiated not initiated
Linkage with Waste to Energy SW4j initiated initiated Boilers / Cement Plants SW4k Linkage with Recyclers Initiated Initiated
SW4l Authorization of waste pickers Initiated initiated
[initiated] / [not SW4m Linkage with TSDF / CBMWTF not initiated initiated] SW4n Involvement of NGOs Initiated initiated
Linkage with Producers / Brand SW4o Not initiated not initiated Owners SW4p Authorisation of Waste Pickers processed processed
SW4q Issuance of ID Cards processed processed
Adequacy of of SW5 Infrastructure [Nos. Required] / SW5a Waste Collection Trolleys 2500 [Nos. Available] [Nos. Required] / SW5b Mini Collection Trucks 32 [Nos. Available] SW5c Segregated Transport No Nil
[Nos. Required] / SW5d Bulk Waste Trucks 26 [Nos. Available]
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SW5e Waste Transfer points Not Available 670
SW5f Bio-methanation units Nil Nil
SW5h Composting units 1 .00 70
SW5i Material Recovery Facilities installed installed
SW5k Waste to Energy (if applicable) Not available Not Available
SW5l Waste to RDF Npt Available Not Available
SW5m Sanitary Land fills Not avaialble 1
[MT] / / [Nos. SW5n Capacity of sanitary landfills 6,66,000 Available] [Nos] / [Nos. SW5o Waste Deposit Centers (DHW) 235 Available] [give or select SW5p Other facilities 5 from list] Notification and SW6 Implementation
of By-Laws [done] / [in SW6a Notification of By-laws progress] / [not Done
initiated] [done] / [in SW6b Implementation of by-laws progress] / [not In Progress
initiated] Adequacy of SW7 Financial Status
of ULB [INR] / [Not SW7a CAPEX Required ₹70,00,00,000.00 required] [INR per Year] / SW7b OPEX [% of ₹40,00,00,000.00
requirement] SW7c Adequacy of OPEX [Yes] / [No] yes
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(ii) Plastic Waste Management (for each ULB)
Please enter Measurable No. Action Areas Details of Data Requirement Measurable Outcome Outcome for District Municipal Name of ULB [name of ULB] Corporation Srinagar [Nos as per 2011 Population 1202447 census] Inventory of PW1 plastic waste
generation Estimated Quantity of plastic [MT/day] / [Not PW1a 5 waste generated in District Estimated] Implementation PW2 of Collection [100%] / [partial PW2a Door to Door collection %] / [not 70%
initiated] [100%] / [partial PW2b Segregated Waste collection Nil %] Plastic waste collection at PW2c MRF Used Installed Material Recovery Facility [Nos] / [not PW2d Authorization of PW pickers 266 initiated] [Nos] / [not PW2e PW collection Centers not established established] Establishment of PW3 linkage with
Stakeholders Established linkage with PROs of [Nos] / [not PW3a not established Producers established] [Nos] / [not PW3b Established linkage with NGOs established established] Availability of facilities for PW4 Recycling or utilization of PW PW4a No. of PW recyclers [Nos] Nil
PW4b No Manufacturers [Nos] No Inventory
PW4c No of pyrolysis oil plants [Nos] Nil
[Quantity in MT PW4d Plastic pyrolysis Nil sent per Month] [Quantity MT PW4e Use in road making Nil used per Month] [Quantity in MT PW4f Co-processing in Cement Kiln sent per Month]
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Implementation of PW W5 In Progress Management Rules, 2016 [All sealed] / Sealing of units producing < 50- W5a [Partial] / [no Partial micron plastic action] [Prohibited] / Prohibiting sale of carry bags < PW5b [Partial] / [no Prohibited 50 micron action] Ban on Carry bags and other [Implemented] / PW5c single use plastics as notified by [Partial] / [no Implemented
State Government action] / [No Ban]
Implementation of Extended Producers PW6 Responsibility
(EPR) through Producers/Brand- owners
No of Producers associated with PW6a [Nos] / [None] None ULBs Financial support by Producers / PW6b [Nos] / [None] None Brand owners to ULBs PW6c Amount of PRO Support [Rs…]
Infrastructure support by [Nos of PW6d Producers / Brand owners to Producers] / None
ULBs [None] No of collection centers PW6e established by Producers / Brand [Nos] / [None] None
owners to ULBs
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(iii) C&D Waste Management
Please enter Measurable No. Action Areas Details of Data Requirement Measurable Outcome Outcome for District Municipal Council Name of ULB [name of ULB] Srinagar [Nos as per 2011 Population 1202447 census] Inventory of C&D CD1 waste
generation [Kg/Day] / [Not CD1a Estimated Quantity 100 estimated] Implement scheme for CD2 permitting bulk Ni
waste generators [Initiated] / [Not CD2a Issuance of Permissions by ULBs not initiated initiated] Establishment of C&D Waste CD3 Deposition centers Establishment of Deposition CD3a [Yes] / [No] YES Points CD3b C&D Deposition point identified [Yes] / [No] yes
Implementation of By-Laws for CD4 CD Waste Management [notified] / [not CD4a Implementation of By-laws Notified notified] Collection of Deposition / [Initiated] / [Not CD4b Initiated disposal Charges initiated] Establishment of C&D Waste CD5 recycling plant or
linkage with such facility [Established] / Establishment CD Waste [Sent to shared CD5a No facility exists Recycling Plant Facility] / [No facility exists] Capacity of CD Waste Recycling [MT/Day] / [Not CD5b Not Available Plant available]
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(iv) Biomedical Waste Management (for each ULB)
Please enter Measurable No. Action Areas Details of Data Requirement Measurable Outcome Outcome for District Municipal Council Name of ULB [name of ULB] Srinagar [Nos as per 2011 Population 1202447 census] Inventory of Biomedical BMW1 No Waste Generation [Nos] / [No BMW1a Total no. of Bedded Hospitals 26 inventory] [Nos] / [No BMW1b Total no. of non-bedded HCF 46 inventory] [Nos] / [No BMW1c Total no. Clinics 132 inventory] [Nos] / [No BMW1d No of Veterinary Hospitals inventory] [Nos] / [No BMW1e Pathlabs 215 inventory] [Nos] / [No BMW1f Dental Clinics 26 inventory] [Nos] / [No BMW1g Blood Banks 1 inventory] [Nos] / [No BMW1h Animal Houses No inventory inventory] [Nos] / [No BMW1i Bio-research Labs 0 inventory] [Nos] / [No BMW1j Others inventory] Authorization of BMW2 HCFs by SPCBs /
PCCs BMW2a Bedded HCFs [Nos Authorized] 12
BMW2b Non-bedded HCFs [Nos Authorized] 0
Biomedical Waste Treatment and BMW3a Disposal Facilities (CBMWTFs) BMW3a No of CBMWTFs [Nos] / None 2
[Yes] / [no BMW3b Linkage with CBMWTFs YES linkage] [Adequate] / [Not BMW3c Capacity of CBMWTFs Not Adequate adequate] BMW3d Requirements of CBMWTFs [Require] / [not require
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required]
BMW3e Captive Disposal Facilities of HCFs [Nos] / [None] none
Compliance by BMW4 CBMWTFs [Meeting] / [Not BMW4a Compliance to standards Meeting meeting] / [NA] Barcode tracking by HCFs / [100%] / [Partly BMW4b none CBMWTFs %] / [None] BMW4c Daily BMW lifting by CBMWTFs [Kg / day] no
Status of Compliance by BMW5 no status Healthcare Facilities [100%] / [partly BMW5a Pre-segregation Partly %] / [None] [100%] / [partly BMW5b Linkage with CBMWTFs 100% %] / [None]
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(v) Hazardous Waste Management Please enter Measurable No. Action Areas Details of Data Requirement Measurable Outcome Outcome for District Inventory of HW1 Hazardous
Waste HW1a No of HW Generating Industry [Nos.] 0
HW1b Quantity of HW [MT/Annum] 0
HW1c Quantity of Incinierable HW [MT/Annum] 0
HW1d Quantity of land-fillable HW [MT/Annum] 0
Quantity of Recyclable / utilizable HW1e [MT/Annum] 0 HW Contaminated Sites and illegal HW2 industrial
hazardous waste dumpsites HW2a No of HW dumpsites [Nos] / [None] NIL
[Nos] (provide HW2c Probable Contaminated Sites NIL list) Authorization by HW3 SPCBs/PCCs HW3a No of industries authorized [Nos]
Display Board of HW Generation HW3b [Nos] in front of Gate Availability of Common HW3 Hazardous Waste TSDF [Exists] / [No] / [Sent to Other HW3a Common TSDF NO District within State] HW3b Industries linkage with TSDF [Nos.] No inventory
Linkage of ULBs HW4 in District with
Common TSDF ULBs linked to Common TSDFs for HW4a [Yes] / [No] Yes Domestic Hazardous Waste
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(vi) E-Waste Waste Management Please enter Measurable No. Action Areas Details of Data Requirement Measurable Outcome Outcome for District Status of facilitating EW1 authorized
collection of E- Waste Does the citizen are able to deposit or provide E-Waste EW1a [Yes] / [No] No through Toll-free Numbers in the District Collection centers established by EW1c [Nos] / [None] Nil ULB in District Collection centers established by EW1d Producers or their PROs in the [Nos] / [None] none
District Does the district has linkage with EW1e authorized E-Waste recyclers / [Yes] / [No] no
Dismantler No authorized E-Waste recyclers EW1f [Nos] / [None] none / Dismantler Status of EW2 Collection of E- none
Waste [Authorized] / EW2a Authorizing E-Waste collectors no [None] [Yes] / [No] / EW2b Involvement of NGOs no [Nos] Does Producers have approached [Yes] / [No] EW2c NGOs/ Informal Sector for setting no /[Nos] up Collection Centers. Does ULBs have linkage with EW2d authorized Recyclers / [Yes] / [No] no
Dismantlers Control E-Waste EW4 nil related pollution Does informal trading, EW4a dismantling, and recycling of e- [Yes] / [No] no
waste exists in District Does the administration closed [Yes] / [No] / EW4b illegal E-Waste recycling in the no [Nos] District No of actions taken to close EW4c illegal trading or processing of E- [Nos] nil
Waste
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Creation of Awareness on E- EW5 Waste handling and disposal Does PROs / Producers [Yes] / [No] / EW5a conducted any District level yes [Nos] Awareness Campaigns Does District Administration [Yes] / [No] / EW5c conducted any District level yes [Nos] Awareness Campaigns
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2.0 Water Quality Management Plan Please enter Measurable No. Action Areas Details of Data Requirement Measurable Outcome Outcome for District Inventory of WQ1 water resources
in District [Nos] and [Length WQ1a Rivers 1 and 35 km in Km] WQ1b Length of Coastline [in Km] NA
WQ1c Nalas/Drains meeting Rivers [Nos] 6
[Nos] and [Area in WQ1d Lakes / Ponds 4 Hectares] Total Quantity of sewage and [Automatic] WQ1e 170 MLD (SEWAGE) industrial discharge in District (SW1a+IW1b) Control of Groundwater
Water Quality WQ2a Estimated number of bore-wells [Nos] 10,000
No of permissions given for WQ2b [Nos] 10,000 extraction of groundwater Number of groundwater polluted WQ2c [Nos] NIL areas [adequate] / [not WQ2d Groundwater Availability Adequate adequate] Availability of WQ3 Water Quality
Data WQ3a Creation of monitoring cell [Yes] / [No] yes
Access to Surface water and [Available] or WQ3b groundwater quality data at DM [Not available] office Control of River WQ4 side Activities [Fully Controlled] Control of River / [Partly WQ4a River Side open defecation Fully Controlled side Activities controlled] /[no Measures taken] [Fully Controlled] / [Partly WQ4b Dumping of SW on river banks Fully Controlled controlled] /[no Measures taken] [Measures taken] / [Measures Control measures for idol WQ4c taken post Not applicable immersion immersion] / [No Measures taken] Control of Water WQ5 Pollution in
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Rivers
[%] (automatic WQ5a Percentage of untreated sewage SM1g/SM1a) [Monitored] / Monitoring of Action Plans for WQ5b [Not monitored] Monitored Rejuvenation of Rivers [not applicable] No of directions given to industries for Discharge of WQ5c [Nos] Not applicable Untreated industrial wastewater in last 12 months Awareness WQ6 Activities District level campaigns on [Nos in previous WQ6a 5 protection of water quality year] Oil Spill Disaster WQ6b Contingency Plan Creation of District Oil Spill Crisis [Created] / [Not WQ6a Not Created Management Group Created] Preparation District Oil Spill [Prepared] / [Not WQ6b Not Prepared Disaster Contingency Plan Prepared] Protection of WQ7 Flood plains Encroachment of flood plains is WQ7a [Yes] / [No] Yes regulated. Rainwater
Harvesting [Implemented] / Action plan for Rain water WQ8a [Not Not Implemented harvesting implemented]
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3.0 Domestic Sewage Management Plan Please enter Measurable No. Action Areas Details of Data Requirement Measurable Outcome Outcome for District Inventory of SM1 Sewage
Management Total Quantity of Sewage SM1a generated in District from Class II [MLD] 170
cities and above SM1b No of Class-II towns and above [Nos] NA
SM1c No of Class-I towns and above [Nos] NA
SM1d No of Towns needing STPs [Nos] NA
SM1e No of Towns STPs installed [Nos] NA
Quantity of treated sewage SM1f flowing into Rivers (directly or [MLD] 45.71
indirectly) Quantity of untreated or partially 92 (20% house holds SM1g treated sewage (directly or [Automatic] having septic tank
indirectly) facility) Quantity of sewage flowing into SM1h [MLD] 10 lakes SM1i No of industrial townships [Nos] Nil
Adequacy of Available SW2 Infrastructure for
Sewage Treatment SM2a % sewage treated in STPs [Automatic] 32
Total available Treatment SM2b [MLD] 53.78 Capacity Additional treatment capacity SM2c [MLD] 116.22 required Adequacy of SM3 Sewerage
Network No of ULBs having partial SM3a [Nos] NA underground sewerage network No of towns not having sewerage SM3b [Nos] NA network % population covered under SM3c [Automatic] 32 sewerage network
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4.0 Industrial Wastewater Management Plan Please enter Measurable No. Action Areas Details of Data Requirement Measurable Outcome Outcome for District Inventory of industrial IWW1 wastewater
Generation in District No of Industries discharging IWW1a [Nos] Nil wastewater Total Quantity of industrial IWW1b [MLD] Not applicable wastewater generated Quantity of treated IWW IWW1c [MLD] Not applicable discharged into Nalas / Rivers Quantity of un-treated or IWW1d partially treated IWW discharged [MLD] nil
into lakes [Agro based] / [ Chemical – Dye etc.] / [Metallurgical] / [Pharma] / [Pesticide] / IWW1e Prominent Type of Industries [Power Plants] / NIL
[Mining] / [Automobile] : Multiple selection based on size of operation and number Common Effluent Treatment [Nos] / [No IWW1f NIL Facilities CETPs] Status of compliance by IWW2 Industries in
treating wastewater No of Industries meeting IWW2a [Nos] Not applicable Standards No of Industries not meeting IWW2b [Automatic] Not applicable discharge Standards No of complaints received or number of recurring complaints IWW2c [Nos] 0 against industrial pollution in last 3 months
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Status of Action taken for not AWW4 meeting
discharge standards No industries closed for IWW4a exceeding standards in last 3 [Nos] 0
months No of industries where IWW4b Environmental Compensation [Nos] 0
was imposed By SPCBs
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5.0 Air Quality Management Plan Please enter Measurable No. Action Areas Details of Data Requirement Measurable Outcome Outcome for District Availability of Air Quality AQ1 Monitoring
Network in District Manual Air Quality monitoring AQ1a [Nos] / [None] 4 stations of SPCBs /CPCB Automatic monitoring stations AQ1c [Nos] / [None] None Operated by SPCBs / CPCB Inventory of Air AQ2 Pollution Sources [Large Industry] / [Small Industry] / [Unpaved Roads] / [Burning of Brick Klin, Burning of Identification of prominent air Waste Stubble] / garden AQ2a polluting sources [Brick Kiln] / waste,Vechile [Industrial Estate] pollution and dust / [Others] (Multiple selection) AQ2b No of Non-Attainment Cities [Nos / [None] NA
Action Plans for non-attainment [Prepared] / [Not AQ2c Prepared cities yet prepared] Availability of Air Quality AQ3 Monitoring Data at DMs Office Access to air quality data from [Available] / [Not AQ3a Not yet Available SPCBs & CPCB through Dashboard yet Available] Control of AQ4 Industrial Air
Pollution No of Industries meeting All Units Having AQ4a [Nos] Standards Consent No of Industries not meeting AQ4b [Nos] nil discharge Standards Control of Non- industrial Air AQ5 Pollution sources Control open burning of Stubble – [Nos of fire AQ5a No inventory during winter incidents] Control Open burning of Waste – AQ5b [Nos] No inventory Nos of actions Taken
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[SOP available] / AQ5c Control of forest fires SOP Available [No SoP] AQ5d Vehicle pollution check centers [% ULBs covered] 100%
AQ5e Dust Suppression Vehicles [% ULBs covered] No inventory
Development of Air Pollution AQ6 complaint redressal system Mobile App / Online based air [Available] / [Not AQ6a pollution complaint redressing Not Available available] system of SPCBs.
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6.0 Mining Activity Management plan Please enter Measurable No. Action Areas Details of Data Requirement Measurable Outcome Outcome for District Inventory of MI1a Mining in District Sand Mining, Sand Mining/Stone Stone quarry and quarry/ Lime Stone Lime stone mining Mining MI1a Type of Mining Activity Multiple selection in order of
magnitude of operations Minor Mineral No of Mining licenses given in the Licence Nil and MI1b [Nos] District Major Mineral Licence 3 MI1c Area covered under mining [Sq Km] 2.97
MI1d Area of District [Sq Km] 505
MI1e Sand Mining [Yes] / [No] yes
[River bed] / MI1f Area of sand Mining [Estuary] / [Non - River Bed
river deposit] Compliance to MI2 Environmental
Conditions No of Mining areas meeting Minor mineral Nil MI2a Environmental Clearance [Nos] and Major Mineral 3 Conditions No of Mining areas meeting Minor mineral Nil MI2b Consent Conditions of SPCBs / [Nos] and Major Mineral 2 PCCs Mining related MI3a environmental
Complaints No of pollution related MI3b complaints against Mining [Nos] 5
Operations in last 1 year Action against MI4 non-complying
mining activity No of Mining operations MI4a suspended for violations to [Nos] 3
environmental norms MI4b No of directions issued by SPCBs [Nos] Nil
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7.0 Noise Pollution Management Plan Please enter Measurable No. Action Areas Details of Data Requirement Measurable Outcome Outcome for District Availability NP1 Monitoring
equipment No. of noise measuring devices NP1a [Nos] / [None] Nil with district administration No. of noise measuring devices NP1b [Nos] / [None] Nil with SPCBs Capability to conduct noise level monitoring NP2 by State agency / District authorities capability to conduct noise level [Available] / [Not NP2a monitoring by State agency / Available available] District authorities Management of NP2 Noise related
complaints
No of complaints received on NP2a [Nos] No inventory noise pollution in last 1 year
NP2b No of complaints redressed [Nos] No inventory
Compliance to NP3 ambient noise
standards Implementation of Ambient noise [Regular Activity] NP3a standards in residential and silent / [Occasional] / Occasional
zones [Never] [carried out] / NP3b Noise monitoring study in district Carried Out [not carried out] [Installed] / Sign boards in towns and cities in NP3c [Partial] / [Not Partial silent zones Installed]
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Water Bodies in district Srinagar with action plan for Restoration.
S.No. Name of water Body Problems Action Plan associated 1. Hokersar Wet Land Silting, deweeding Plan Prepared with tentative cost and Poor 10 lacs Embankments 2. Marsar Lake Silting, deweeding Tentative cost for restoration 20 and Poor lacs Embankments 3. Khushal Sar & Gilsar Marshy land due Estimated cost for restoration 50 to filling of waste lacs material 4. Anchar Lake & Dal Party in the shape Deweeding ongoing. Estimated Lake of water body and cost for restoration 1 Crore partly under the built up area 5. Baba Demb Marshy land due Deweeding ongoing. Tentative to filling of waste cost for restoration 50 lacs material 6. Sarband Reserviour Silting Estimated cost for restoration 30 lacs. 7. Sumbalar Tachi Almost dried Estimated cost for restoration 05 Mohalla Dara lacs
8. Mucharnag Silting, Estimated cost for restoration 05 Deweeding lacs
9. Parinag Chatterhama Almost dried Estimated cost for restoration 05 lacs
10. Nishat Temple Nag Almost dried Estimated cost for restoration 05 lacs
11. Checki Dara Almost dried Estimated cost for restoration 08 lacs
12. Ishber Astan Akhon Almost dried Estimated cost for restoration 05 Mohalla lacs
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13. Kachrinag Ishber Almost dried Estimated cost for restoration 02 lacs
14. Ishber Kral Mohalla Almost dried Estimated cost for restoration 01 lac
15. Drang Mohalla Ishber Almost dried Estimated cost for restoration 02 lacs
16. Paltan gan Wadi Almost dried Estimated cost for restoration 02 lacs
17. Zewan Payeen near Almost dried Estimated cost for restoration 1.5 Masjid lacs
18. Darnar Nag Shalkund Almost dried Estimated cost for restoration 02 lacs
19. Mokdam Mohalla Almost dried Estimated cost for restoration 05 Zewan lacs
Total amount involved in the restoration of water bodies is Rs 307 Lacs
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CONCLUSION
The District Environment Plan emphasizes on various action plans for different thematic areas. In district Srinagar, the current Environmental Status is within safe limits.
A lot of efforts in terms of all types of waste management have been made practical by the active involvement of authorities and the general public. But, still each of these areas have lot of scope for improvement. The question arises, how can we prevent deterioration and degradation of our environment? The task of conserving and preserving our environment during these modern times is quite Herculean. The only solution to this critical environmental issue is people's mass participation in saving the environment. Mass afforestation drives and stopping the use of fossil fuels can help solve this problem. Various gaps have been identified in each and every action area. The Action Plans, which are suggested, have to be implemented to minimize these gaps. An estimated amount of Rs 307
Lacs is required for restoration of various water bodies of District Srinagar. This entire preservation and conservation cannot be done only at the Administration level; Public
Participation and behavioral changes have to be increased many folds to achieve the target of clean environment. And it can be achieved through mass awareness and creation of a feeling of belongingness amongst the populace.
Addl Deputy Commissioner, Srinagar.
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