Walking Tour #2 Reflection Prompt History of RED in NYC As you walk north along the Hudson River, keep in mind the formerly active docks, market areas, and elevated highways that characterized the west side of Manhattan. What lesson or lessons do you draw from the development that you see in terms of both urban infrastructure and real estate? Your answers should be no more than 500 words. Please include a photo of your journey with your write-up. Submittal Instructions: •! Hard copy: Please bring a hard copy to class on October 20th and place at front of lecture hall before or after lecture. •! Electronically: Please submit before October 20th 9AM on CourseWorks in the Assignment tab prior to the start of class. Please label your assignment PLANA6272_Walking Tour 2_Last Name_FirstName (i.e. PLANA6272_Walking Tour 2_Ascher_Kate). Word or PDF is acceptable. ! WALKING(TOUR(#2( History(of(Real(Estate(Development(in(NYC( WALKING(TOUR(#2,(cont’d( History(of(Real(Estate(Development(in(NYC WALKING(TOUR(#2,(cont’d( History(of(Real(Estate(Development(in(NYC WALKING TOUR #2 MAP LINK A. Battery Park - Castle Clinton National Monument Other Names: Fort Clinton, Castle Garden, West Battery, South-West Battery Castle Clinton is a circular sandstone fort now located in Battery Park at the southern tip of Manhattan that stands approximately two blocks west of where Fort Amsterdam stood almost 400 years ago. Construction began in 1808 and was completed in 1811. The fort (originally named West Battery) was built on a small artificial island just off shore and was intended to complement the three-tiered Castle Williams on Governors Island, which was East Battery, to defend New York City from British forces in the tensions that marked the run-up to the War of 1812, but never saw action in that or any war. Subsequent landfill expanded Battery Park, and incorporated the fort into the mainland of Manhattan Island. Over its active life, it has also functioned as a beer garden, exhibition hall, theater, public aquarium, and finally today as a national monument. It is perhaps best remembered as America's first immigration station (predating Ellis Island), where more than 8 million people arrived in the U.S. from 1855 to 1890. Castle Clinton National Monument was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in October 1966. Notable Immigrants: Oscar Hammerstein I (composer, father of Hammerstein of Rodgers & Hammerstein), Harry Houdini (magician), Carl Laemmle (founder of Universal Studios), William Fox (Fox Studios, etc.) Source B. Battery Park City **SEE ATTACHED BATTERY PARK CITY MAP FOR KEY POINTS** Battery Park City is a 92-acre add-on to the original island created from excavated fill from construction projects like the original World Trade Center towers, among others. Construction began on the first residential building in 1980, followed in 1981 with the start of construction on the World Financial Center, which was completed in 1985. The World Financial Center was later renamed Brookfield Place New York in 2014. Current residential neighborhoods of Battery Park City are divided into a north and south section, separated by the World Financial Center Complex. The southern section, extending down from the Winter Garden, is the more densely populated region, containing Gateway Plaza, and Rector Place apartment buildings. The northern section, although still under very large construction, consists entirely of large, 20–45-story buildings which are all various shades of orange brick. The September 11 terrorist attacks had a major impact on Battery Park City. Residents were displaced for an extended period of time. Parts of the community were an official crime-scene and therefore residents were unable to return to live or even collect property. More than half of the area's residents moved away permanently from the community after the adjacent World Trade Center towers collapsed and spread toxic dust, debris, and smoke. Airplane parts punctured Gateay Plaza’s 600 uildig, Hudso Vie East ad Reto Suae. The Winter Garden and other portions of the World Financial Center were severely damaged. Temporarily reduced rents and government subsidies helped restore residential occupancy in the years following the attacks. Source C&D. One World Trade Center & World Trade Center Memorial Site C. One WorlD TraDe Center Other Names: Freedom Tower, 1 WTC At 1,776 feet tall, a reference to the year the US Declaration of Independence was signed, the 104-story One World Trade Center is the tallest building in the Western Hemisphere. It stands on the site of the original 6 World Trade Center. It was co- developed by The Port Authority of New York and New Jersey and The Durst Organization and designed by David M. Childs of Skidmore, Owings & Merrill. The 2.6-million-square-foot building includes office space, an observation deck, restaurants, and broadcast and antennae facilities. The complex is still under development and three additional towers are planned for the site. http://onewtc.com/ D. WorlD TraDe Center Memorial Site The National September 11 Memorial is a tribute of remembrance and honor to the nearly 3,000 people killed in the terror attacks of September 11, 2001 at the World Trade Center site, near Shanksville, Pa., and at the Pentagon, as well as the six people killed in the World Trade Center bombing in February 1993. The Meoial’s ti efletig pools ae eah ealy a ae i size ad featue the largest manmade waterfalls in the North America. The pools sit within the footprints where the Twin Towers once stood. Architect Michael Arad and landscape architect Peter Walker created the Memorial design selected from a global design competition that included more than 5,200 entries from 63 nations. The names of every person who died in the 2001 and 1993 attacks are inscribed into bronze panels edging the Memorial pools, a powerful reminder of the largest loss of life resulting from a foreign attack on American soil and the greatest single loss of rescue personnel in American history. http://www.911memorial.org/ E. 7 World Trade Center The original 7 World Trade Center was completed in 1987. In the September 11 attacks, 7 WTC was damaged by debris when the nearby North Tower of the World Trade Center collapsed. The debris also ignited fires, which continued to burn throughout the afternoon on lower floors of the building. The building's internal fire suppression system lacked water pressure to fight the fires, and the building collapsed completely later that evening. The collapse made the old 7 World Trade Center the first tall building known to have collapsed primarily due to uncontrolled fires, and the first and only steel skyscraper in the world to have collapsed due to fire The current building opened in 2006. The building is 52 stories tall (plus one underground floor), making it the 28th-tallest in New York. It is built on a smaller footprint than the original, allowing Greenwich Street to be restored from TriBeCa through the World Trade Center site and south to Battery Park. The current building's design emphasizes safety, with a reinforced concrete core, wider stairways, and thicker fireproofing of steel columns. It also incorporates numerous green design features. The building was the first commercial office building in New York City to receive the U.S. Green Building Council's Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) certification, where it won a gold rating. It was also one of the first projects accepted to be part of the Council's Pilot Program for Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design – Core and Shell Development (LEED-CS). Larry Silverstein, who holds a ground lease for the site from the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey, developed both buildings. Source F. Hudson River Park Hudson River Park is a waterside park on the Hudson River that extends from 59th Street south to Battery Park. The park connects many other recreational sites and landmarks including Battery Park, Battery Park City, The World Trade Center site, the World Financial Center / Winter Garden, Chelsea Piers, Pier 57, Pier 63 (site of historic ships Lightship Frying Pan and Fireboat John J. Harney), Intrepid Sea-Air- Space Museum, and Riverside Park. It runs through the Manhattan neighborhoods of Lower Manhattan, Battery Park City, TriBeCa, Greenwich Village, Gansevoort Market (The Meatpacking District), Chelsea, Midtown West, and Hell's Kitchen (Clinton). It is a joint New York State and New York City collaboration and is a 550-acre (2.2 km2) park, the biggest in Manhattan after Central Park. The park arose as part of the West Side Highway replacement project in the wake of the abandoned Westway plan. Source G. Pier 40 Pier 40 at Hudson River Park, more commonly known as Pier 40, is parking, sports facility, and former marine terminal located at the west end of Houston Street in Manhattan, New York City, within Hudson River Park. It is home to the New York Knights of the American National Rugby League (ANRL), though it is primarily used by youth and high school athletics. The pier is the largest structure in Hudson River Park at over 14 acres in size,[6] and is the home to the Hudson River Park Trust's offices.[7] Various park tenants host activities as well. Sports include baseball, football, soccer, kayaking, rowing, trapeze arts, and rugby among others. Despite several well-intentioned plans to save it, Pier 40 is slowly sinking into the Hudson. But a new proposal between state and Hudson River Park officials might be the solution, presuming it can earn all the necessary approvals and pass muster with some development-wary neighbors. The park would get $100 million in exchange for a heap of air rights, which would in turn be applied to the giant St.