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Quarterly Report FY15

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Quarterly Report FY15 Rapid Education Risk Analysis in the Gao Region Report January 5, 2016 Table of Contents Table of Contents ....................................................................................................................... 1 Acknowledgments...................................................................................................................... 4 Tables ......................................................................................................................................... 5 Graphs ........................................................................................................................................ 7 Acronyms ................................................................................................................................... 8 INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................... 9 SECTION I. CONTEXT AND JUSTIFICATION ............................................................................... 12 SECTION II. METHODOLOGY .................................................................................................... 13 II.1 Objectives of the RERA ...................................................................................... 13 II.2 Topics and Research Questions .......................................................................... 13 II.3 Analysis of Secondary Data ................................................................................ 14 II.4 Update of Secondary Data on Schools of the Region .......................................... 14 II.5 Primary Data Collection ..................................................................................... 15 5.1. Tools and Targets ........................................................................................... 15 5.2. The Sample ..................................................................................................... 15 5.3. Collection Protocol ......................................................................................... 17 5.4. Ethics in the RERA .......................................................................................... 17 5.5. The Inclusion of Gender in the RERA ............................................................. 18 5.6. Collection Report ............................................................................................ 18 II.6 Quality and Completion of the Analysis ............................................................. 21 SECTION III. OUTLINE OF CAUSES OF THE CRISIS IN THE GAO REGION ................................... 26 SECTION IV. THE CAUSES OF THE CRISIS ACCORDING TO THE COMMUNITIES ....................... 30 IV.1 PRIORITIZATION AND DIFFERENCES OF PERCEPTION REGARDING THE FACTORS AND STAKEHOLDERS OF THE CRISIS ................................................................................ 30 IV.2 THE MAIN CAUSES OF THE CONFLICT ................................................................. 33 2.1. Insecurity and Violence .................................................................................. 33 2.2. The Lack of Access to a Quality Education ..................................................... 34 2.3. Unemployment .............................................................................................. 34 2.4. The Lack of Infrastructure .............................................................................. 35 2.5. Food Insecurity ............................................................................................... 35 2.6. The Abandonment by the State ..................................................................... 35 2.7. The Oppression of the North by the South and Tuareg Separatism .............. 36 2.8. Ethnic and Tribal Tensions, Racism ................................................................ 36 2.9. Community Leaders and Religious Leaders ................................................... 36 2.10. The Involvement of the International Community ........................................ 36 IV.3 THE NEED TO TAKE UP ARMS ............................................................................. 39 IV.4 DIVISION FACTORS ............................................................................................ 42 IV.5 THE ROLE OF THE EDUCATION SYSTEM IN THE CRISIS ......................................... 43 5.1. Schooling Coverage and Access to School ..................................................... 43 1 5.2. Quality of the Education System .................................................................... 47 SECTION V. THE CONSEQUENCES OF THE CONFLICT ............................................................... 51 V.1 THE OVERALL SITUATION ACCORDING TO THE POPULATIONS ............................ 51 V.2 THE CONSEQUENCES OF THE CONFLICT IN THE EDUCATION SYSTEM AND ITS NEEDS . 52 2.1. Needs expressed by the teachers .................................................................. 52 2.2. Closings and re-openings ............................................................................... 53 2.3. Teaching personnel ........................................................................................ 54 2.4. Material needs (infrastructure, equipment, materials) ................................. 57 2.5. Children with and without access to school .................................................. 58 2.6. Languages of children and teachers............................................................... 62 2.7. Traumas of children, teachers and parents ................................................... 62 2.8. Monitoring of schools at the deconcentrated/decentralized level ............... 63 2.9. Community implication and CGS ................................................................... 66 2.10. Atmosphere of violence at school.................................................................. 66 V.3 CONSEQUENCES OF THE CONFLICT ON SECURITY ............................................... 70 3.1. Feeling of insecurity ....................................................................................... 70 3.2. What are the risks? ........................................................................................ 73 3.3. How do populations face these risks? ........................................................... 76 3.4. Risks at school and on the way to school....................................................... 77 SECTION VI. THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND DEMOGRAPHIC CONSEQUENCES OF THE CONFLICT 81 VI.1 Effects on employment ..................................................................................... 81 VI.2 Demographic consequences .............................................................................. 83 SECTION VII. NEEDS AND EXPECTATIONS OF YOUNG PEOPLE ................................................ 89 VII.1 Education and training of young people ............................................................. 89 VII.2 Young people’s activities and their professional expectations. ........................... 89 VII.3 Expectations and perspectives for young people ................................................ 91 VII.4 Projects to help young people ........................................................................... 94 VII.5 Expectations from young people ....................................................................... 95 SECTION VIII. PROSPECTS AND FACTORS OF RESILIENCE ........................................................ 98 VIII.1 Perspective on evolution of the situation........................................................... 98 VIII.2 Measures that are likely to improve the situation .............................................. 99 VIII.3 Resilience factors at the local level .................................................................. 100 VIII.4 Resilience actors at the local level ................................................................... 101 SECTION IX. ANSWERS FOR EDUCATION, TRAINING AND EMPLOYMENT ............................ 103 IX.1 Trainings on psychosocial support for students ................................................ 103 IX.2 Return-to-School projects in the Gao Region ................................................... 103 IX.3 Vocational training and economic inclusion initiatives ..................................... 106 SECTION X. MAPPING AND TARGETING ................................................................................ 108 2 X.1 Project acceptance .......................................................................................... 108 X.2 Languages of the children and teaching language in host schools. .................... 108 X.3 Overview of children’s educational needs ........................................................ 111 X.4 Selection of host schools for cohort 1 .............................................................. 113 X.5 Telecom coverage ........................................................................................... 114 X.6 Education opportunities for young people ....................................................... 116 X.7 Languages spoken by young people ................................................................. 118 SECTION XI. MAIN RESULTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ....................................................... 123 XI.1 Main results of the evaluation ......................................................................... 123 XI.2 Recommendations .........................................................................................
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