20940 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 14. 197fJ by the Washington Metropolitan Area to credit card promotions, to the Committee By Mr. BOB WILSON: Transit Authority, to authorize an increased on Banking and Currency. H.R. 15517. A blll to amend chapter 15 of" contribution by the District of Columbia, By Mr. ROE: title 38, United States Code, to provide for and for other purposes; to the Committee H.R. 15513. A bill to amend section 8191 of the payment of pensions to World War I vet­ on the District of Columbia. title 5, United States Code, to extend bene­ erans and their widows, subject to $3,000 and By Mr. EILBERG: fits thereunder to officially recognized or $4,200 annual income limitations; to provide­ H.R. 15508. A bill to amend the Communi­ designated members of a legally organized for such veterans a certain priority in entitle­ cations Act of 1934 to provide that renewal volunteer fire department, ambulance team ment to hospitalization and medical care; licenses for the operation of a broadcasting or rescue squad not employed by the United and for other purposes; to the Committee on station may be issued for a term of 5 years States who are killed or totally disabled in Veterans' Affairs. and to establish certain standards for the the line of duty; to the Committee on the By Mr. WHALEN: consideration of applications for renewal of Judiciary. H.J. Res. 1229. Joint resolution directing broadcasting licenses; to the Committee on H.R. 15514. A bill to amend title 5, United the President to seek international agree­ Interstate and Foreign Commerce. States Code, to correct certain inequities in ments establishing uniform standards for the By Mr. ESCH (for himself, Mr. HoRTON, the crediting of National Guard technician protection of persons utilizing aircraft and Mr. J. WILLIAM STANTON, Mr. Mc­ service in connection with civil serVice re­ airport fac111ties; to the Committee on For­ KEVITT, Mr. KUYKENDALL, Mr. MILLER tirement, and for other purposes; to the eign Affairs. of Ohio, Mr. DERWINSKI, Mr. Mc­ Committee on Post Office and Civil Service. By Mr. DEVINE (for himself and Mr. CLURE, Mr. CLEVELAND, Mr. MALLARY, By Mr. SHOUP: WYLIE): Mr. VEYSEY, Mr. DAVIS of Georgia, H.R. 15515. A pill to amend the Public H. Res. 1017. Resolution praising Colum­ and Mr. FRENZEL): Works and Economic Development Act of bus, Ohio, and her residents on the occasion H.R. 15509. A bill to provide greater assur­ 1965 in order to increase the authorization of the lOth anniversary of Columbus Day. ance of Federal fiscal responsiblllty to the of appropriations for the fiscal year ending U.S.A.; to the Committee on the Judiciary. Committee on Government Operations. June 30, 1973, for public works and develop­ By Mr. GONZALEZ: ment faclllties grants, and to require that a larger percentage of such appropriations be H.R. 15510. A bill to amend the Judiciary PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS and Judicial Procedure Act of 1948; to the expended in certain redevelopment areas; to Committee on the Judiciary. the Committee on Public Works. Under clause 1 of rule XXII, private By Mr. HAYS (for himself and Mr. By Mr. STRATI'ON (for himself, Mr. bills and resolutions were introduced and ABBITT): ABOUREZK, and Mr. COLLINS Of Illi­ severally referred as follows: H.R. 15511. A blll to amend the Federal nois): H.R. 15516. A bill to amend the Social Secu­ By Mr. BROYHILL of Virginia: Election Campaign Act of 1971 to change the H.R. 15518. A bill for the relief of David B. times for the filing of reports of receipts rity Act to increase benefits and improve eli­ giblllty and computation methods under the Smith; to the Committee on the Judiciary. and expenditures by polltical committees and By Mr. QUILLEN: candidates, and for other purposes; to the OASDI program, to make improvements in the medicare, medicaid, and maternal and H.R.l5519. A blll for the relief of Carl W. Committee on House Administration. child heaLth progrluns with emphasis on im­ Houston; to the Committee on the Judiciary. By Mr. MILLS of Arkansas: provements in their operating effectiveness, By Mr. SHOUP: H.R. 15512. A bill to protect suppliers of and for other purposes; to the Committee on H.R. 15520. A blll for the relief of Jung Sup property in trade and commerce with respect Ways and Means. Shin; to the Committee on the Judiciary.

EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS / THE REVEREND ROBERT RIVES The Garden City Presbyterian Church has gan, will retire in June after more than 30 been in existence since Aug. 15, 1840 with yea.rs as a tee.cher. For the past 25 years, she the original congregation numbering 13. But has taught in the Wayne-Westland school HON. ROBERT P. GRIFFIN most of the church's growth has been under system. OF MICHIGAN Rev. Rives leadership. They have two children, Mary Luella Wade. who lives in Detroit with her husband, a IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES Under Rev. Rives, the church has thrived and has a full program of activities, includ­ director of student activities at Wayne State Wednesday, June 14, 1972 ing four choirs-adult, youth, children's and University, and Janet Ruth Rives, e.n ele­ Mr. GRIFFIN. Mr. President, the cherub--Sunday School program, Women's mentary school teacher in Homewood, ID. Association, Men's Club and Boy Scout Troop A reception honoring the Rives is sched­ Reverend Robert Rives, of the Garden 784. uled for 4 p.m. SuJldaY at Garden City West City, Mich., Presbyterian Church, has Rev. Rives and his wife arrived in Garden High School. Rev. Rives will be introduced stepped down from the pulpit after 34 City when it was a small community with a by way of an Honor Guard from the U.S. years of devoted service. population of 3,000. The existing church, lo­ Navy and many dignitaries will join an esti­ From my boyhood days in Garden cated on Middlebelt Road just south of Ford mated 1,500 to 2,000 well-wishers to honor City, I have had the privilege of know­ Road, was dedicated on Oct 28, 1928. the retiring pastor. The original half-aca-e site has expanded to Messages of commendation will be rood ing Rev. Dr. Rives. He was our family from President Richard Nixon and Gov. Wil­ minister when I was growing up, and he its present 3.5 acres and three additions have been added. liam G. Milliken. A personal appearance is has been a good friend through the years. Rev. Rives is the 46th minister to serve expected by U.S. Sen. Robert Gr1ffin (R­ I ask unanimous consent that several the congregation during its 132-yea.r hlSitory. Mich.), a longtime friend of the Rives. newspaper articles concerning the retire­ He is also retiring from the board of di­ The Rives plan to leave in June for an ment of Rev. Dr. Rives be printed in the rectors of the People's Community Hospi­ extended European vacation, hoping to travel RECORD. tal Authority, a position that he has held around the continent for most of the year There being no objection, the articles longer than all but one member of the 46- before. returning to their home in Garden man-board. City. were ordered to be printed in the RECORD, A native of Texas, the 65-year-old pastor's as follows: He also served as chapl1:l.in in various Army and Navy hospitals. During World War II only comment was "I just really can't imag­ [From the Wayne (Mich.) Daily Eagle, he was chaplain of the Garden City branch ine not being pastor of this church. So often Apr. 27, 1972] of the Red Cross and also served on the Ra­ people don't realize what a fine community REV. RIVES STEPS DOWN tioning Board. we have to live in." (By Dann Barkume) Rev. Rives enlisted in the Navy as a chap­ Three generations of Garden City resi­ lain on Veteran's Day in 1944 and served dents will ga.rther on Sunday to say goodbye At approximately 12 noon on Sunday, the to a. me.n who helped build the community. Rev. Robert Rives will step down from the untll June 18, 1947, a1;1taining the rank of but as one member of the congrega..tion put pulpit at the Garden City Presbyterian commander. He served as chapla.in aboard it, "We won't be saying good-bye, we're giv­ Church for the last time. the aircraft carriers Midway and Wake and ing him a new commission and new duties." Rev. Rives is retiring from the ministry remained in the service after the end of For Robert Rives, forced to retire at the after 35 years of service. He has been pastor World War n to serve as cha.plain of the age of 65, Sunday will culminate a 35 year of the Garden City church since May 14, Naval fsc1Uty in Dearborn. relationship with a community, a relation­ 1939. Last night he was named Pastor Emeritus ship which he vol-;.;.n.ta.rily took upon him­ In that span, Rev. Rives has performed by the Michigan Presbytery, just four days self to build and nul"ture. For 35 years, Rev. 702 marriages, 1,285 baptisxns and bas con­ before his retirement from active ministerial Rives worked for the spiritue.l growth of his ducted 622 funerals. His career in Garden work. congregation. His congregation, almost to a City spans not only ministerial duties, but person, agree that Rev. Rives will be sorely also includes involvement in several fraternal Mrs. Rives, who received a master's degree groups and civic associations. in education from the University of Michl- missed. June 14, 1972 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 20941 (From the Detroit News, May 1, 1972] vacant the pastorate at Garden City Presby­ CONGRESS PUSSYFOOTS GARDEN CITY PRESBYTERIANS HONOR RETIRING terian Church. ON BUSING PASTOR In the reception line after his last service there were tears. (By Gerald L. Nelson) Rev. Robert R. Rives, who has touched HON. JOHN G. SCHMITZ The Rev. Robert Rives, stepping down yes­ thousands of lives in Garden City, was OF CALIFORNIA terday from the pulpit he occupied for 34 honored in a series of events Sunday on his years, said his retirement festivities "were retirement from Garden City Presbyterian IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES just like Easter all over again." Church-a pastorate that started 33 years Wednesday, June 14, 1972 More than 500 turned out for Sunday serv­ ago. ices in the Garden City Presbyterian Church. The long list of civic tributes was high­ Mr. SCHMITZ. Mr. Speaker, if ever Later, 1,200 showed up for the congregation's lighted by a congratulatory card from Presi­ there was an issue on which the voice of retirement reception and dinner for the dent Nixon and a best wishes letter from a the American people has been heard loud burly, crewcut pastor. White House aide. and clear, it is the busing of school chil­ Normally, a few hundred might attend Twin highlights were Rev. Rives' farewell dren for purposes of racial balance. Yet services on a balmy, warm spring day, but sermon at 11 a.m. and the afternoon dinner this was Mr. Rives' last sermon. and program-each attended by an estimated the court-ordered crosstown school buses "I was simply overwhelmed," beamed the 475 persons. roll on, carrying children from safe and Texas-born minister at a testimonial dinner The emotional departure of the popular pleasant neighborhoods to high-crime attended by almost every important clergy­ clergyman was evident in the tears stream­ slums, in bitter mockery of Abraham man, businessman, civic leader and poli­ ing down the cheeks of congregants follow­ Lincoln's hallowed description of a "gov­ tician in Garden City. ing Rev. Rives' last service Sunday morning. ernment of the people, by the people, for "I never visualized anything like this for And one choir member put it afterwards: the people." Excuses and evasions multi­ me. I've been to a lot of retirement dinners, "It was the blubberiest choir I've ever sung ply endlessly, but the simple fact re­ but never thought of myself in that role." in." mains that Congress and the President Among the greetings read at the testi­ "There wasn't a dry eye in the house," monial at Garden City West High School added another member of the church follow­ could stop almost all busing now, imme­ were those from President Nixon, Gov. Mil­ ing the service. diately, by a simple law depriving the liken and U.S. Senator Robert Griffin. As Rev. Rives stood at the rear door of the Federal courts of jurisdiction over cases In a personally signed card, President Nix­ church sanctuary shaking hands with involving the transportation of school on commended Mr. Rives' "long and dedi­ churchgoers, many embraced him with tears children, because of their race. cated service to God and your fellow man." in their eyes. This remedy by congressional statute In a gray suit, the carnation in the lapel At Rev. Rives' side was his wife, Wilma, is authorized by article m, section 2 of drooping slightly, Mr. Rives, 65, accepted who has been in the Wayne-Westland Com­ the Constitution, supported by no less the handshaking and congratulations mod­ munity Schools for 25 of her 30 years in estly and with a trace of his characteristic the teaching profession. than 77 legal precedents down through humor. The theme of the clergyman's farewell ser­ our history. It was actually approved by "When I saw the price of these tickets," mon was the historical milestones recalled the Senate February 25 in a rare mo­ he said, "I never thought more than 25 during his 34 years in the community. ment of statesmanship as part of S. 659, would show up." At the afternoon recognition dinner at the Educational Amendments of 1972- His 34 years in the pulpit were interrupted West High School, a special Navy color guard only to be stricken out 3 days later. by a three-year wartime stint as a U.S. Navy placed an American flag and chaplain flag Now this same bill, S. 659, after one of chaplain aboard a battleship in the Pacific. behind the head table. Rev. Rives was a Navy the most tangled legislative histories of His origins were in the cattle-and-brush chaplain during World War li and later the current session, is before the House country of Texas, but the road to Garden served in the Naval Reserves. of Representatives for final action. Along City was circuitous. He tried it as an engi­ Beside the congratulatory messages from with setting up a colossal new multibil­ neer, window decorator, school teacher and President Nixon, and a White House aide, photographic assistant. there were best wishes in writing from Gov. lion dollar program for funneling tax­ Finally, his preacher father prevailed, and Milliken and a promise of a state legislative payers' money into our chaotic and often 1n 1938, fresh from the seminary, Mr. Rives resolution honoring him on his past service fiercely anti-American colleges and uni­ took over the dissention-ridden Garden City and retirement. versities, and along with funding "edu­ church. There were 20 parishioners, mostly Representing the city government were cational parks"-huge consolidated Southern-born, poor and angry. City Councilman James Plakas and Assessor schools in metropolitan areas bearing The last minister had left amid a dispute, Douglas Waddell, a member of the Presby­ some disturbing resemblances to concen­ but says Mr. Rives, he arrived intending to terian church. stay. tration camps-this bill pretends to meet The congratuatory card from Mr. Nixon the overriding concern of the American "Some people said I wouldn't last a year," carried the presidential seal. people about busing. It is aimed at con­ recalled Mr. Rives. "But there is a lot of The letter on White House stationery mis­ bulldog in my nature, and I could get tough vincing voters that Congress is really identified the clergyman's church as the ''doing something" to defend the neigh­ when anybody challenged." "Garden Groves Presbyterian Church." The church, which has been expanded borhood school. That pretense is quickly three times, now has 610 members. The letter, from Henry Cashen II, deputy PWlCtured by reading the actual lan­ The main speaker at last night's dinner, assistant to the President, said that Rev. guage of the bill. Dr. John Stone, pastor of an inner city Rives' "contributions reach far beyond the confines of the church you have served, be­ One long paragraph-section 802a­ church and seminary classmate of Mr. Rives, tells about how Federal funds are not to said: yond the city you live in and beyond your denomination. be used for busing to overcome racial "He was an ardent, devoted leader who, if things weren't right, would let you know it. "Courageous and compassionate ministries imbalance. Buried in the middle is this But he was also like a good sailor. He could from men such as you gives strength to the saving clause for busing advocates: catch a wind and make it work for him." fiber of our free society," said the White Except on the express written voluntary After a one-year camping tour of Europe, House letter. request of appropriate local school officials. Gov. Milliken expressed his congratulations the Rives wm return to Garden City to live In my experience, school officials are and "do some fishing." In April, the Detroit "for a job well done." Presbytery named Mr. Rives pastor emeritus "During the 34 years you have touched the far from reluctant to ask for money for of the church. lives of many people and I know that Garden almost any purpose, even busing. Upon retiring, he said: City has benefited greatly as a result of your This paragraph goes on to say that no "I am saddened. I never saw myself as inspiration both in a spiritual and a civic Federal funds will be used for busing way," Milliken said. children to a school "where the educa­ anything but a pastor, and I can't see mys~lf In his farewell sermon Sunday, Rev. Rives not being pastor." called the ministry "the queen of professions" tional opportWlities-will be substan­ and that "worship is the pause that refreshes tially inferior to his neighborhood tFrom the Garden City Observer, and reforms our spirits." school." But who is to determine the rela­ May 3, 1972] He asked forgiveness from those he may tive value of those "educational opportu­ NIXON LEADS TRmUTES TO REV. RIVES have offended over the years and added: nities"-whatever that splendidly vague (By Leonard Poger) "I am just too human to have had any­ phrase may mean? And what about the After 1,288 baptisms, 702 weddings and 622 where near a perfect pastorate but I have crime rate in the area where the school is funerals, Rev. R. R. Rives Sunday declared sincerely tried." located, one of the primary concerns of 20942 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 14, 1972 parents? The bill makes no mention of It should be worth noting that the praised by newspapers, intellectuals, and tightly guarded airplanes of El AI, the students. that. But for the near future the appointments The next paragraph, section 802b, Israeli airlines, are not subject to ter­ are unlikely to change the real power bal­ grandly prohibits all Federal agencies rorist attacks any longer. ance in the national government. from acting to "urge, persuade, induce Mr. Speaker, the challenge to the One reason for this is that, except for or require" local school boards to order world community, the United States and Henry Kao, all the new men are Kuomin­ busing, with just a little three-word ex­ the United Nations to bring about neces­ ta.ng Party members and are thus expected ception-"unless constitutionally re­ sary reforms to protect aircraft crews to stick to the party line, which is usually quired." Everyone who reads his news­ and passengers is a vital and urgent conservative on most subjects. paper about busing knows that all busing challenge. mENTITY LOST? for racial balance is alleged by its sup­ I join with my many colleagues in "Taiwanese who are party members lose porters to be constitutionally required. both the House and the Senate who have their identity," explained one young intel­ Those three words negate all the rest of condemned the attack at Lod Airport lectual recently. "They will never speak this paragraph. out for Taiwanese." and who have called for quick action to This seems borne out by the histories of The only provision in this bill which prevent such an outrage from happening men like Vice-Premier Hsu, Interior Min­ would have any real effect on busing is again. ister Lin, and Taiwan Governor Hsieh. the Broomfield amendment postponing Mr. Hsieh 1s looked down on by many Tai­ the effective date of all court busing or­ wanese since he left Taiwan in the 1920's ders until all appeals have been heard NATIVE TAIWANESE GET TOP and did not return untll the mid-1940s' with or the time for appeals has expired, until GOVERNMENT POSTS the Nationalist Chinese Government. He is the end of next year-when the election sometimes ca.Iled a. "ban shan," a. "half and the heightened political conscious­ mountain," which means half a. Taiwanese. ness of the people which elections arouse, Mr. Hsieh's new post as Governor is not HON. ROBERT L. F. SIKES particularly powerful because the respon­ is safely past. Anyone who really thinks OJ' FLORIDA sibilities of the provincial government are this issue is going to go away in a year IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES shrinking year by year. and a half is living in a dream world. The two ministries--Communications and The people want busing stopped now. Wednesday, June 14, 1972 Interior-which are being given to Taiwanese Congress and the President could do ex­ Mr. SIKES. Mr. Speaker, "from time to are not very import ant either. actly that by taking away court juris­ time there have been questions regarding POWER BASE HELD diction over transportation of school the amount of participation in the gov­ Even the post of Vice-Premier is of debat­ children, because of their race, or by ernment of the Republic of China by able value. It only seems key when it is held passing a constitutional amendment native Taiwanese. Those who are well by someone like Chiang Ching-kuo who held overriding the busing decisions. No other informed have realized there has been a it up until his present appointment as Pre­ measure can stop busing for good and constant increase in the number of mier and who already had estab:'shed a sepa­ to pretend otherwise is to deceive the rate powel" base of his own. Taiwanese in high positions in govern­ The sole job likely to have any real impact electorate. ment and in the military. An article is that of Taipei Mayor. Former Mayor Henry published in the Christian Science Moni­ Ka.o made a worldwide reputation for himself tor, Thursday, June 8, 1972, gives very running for the office twice. He then was ap­ LOD AIRPORT ATTACK A COW­ real information on the progress being pointed to the job when Taipei became a. ARDLY ACT made in bringing native Taiwanese into special municipality. the government in high positions. I sub­ However, despite this political success, Mr. Kao was never very successful in overhauling HON. JEROME R. WALDIE mit it for reprinting in the RECORD: the outdated city bureaucracy. The new OF CALIFORNIA NATIVE TAIWANESE GET TOP GOVERNMENT Mayor, while not well known, is reputed to POSTS IN THE HOUSEl OF REPRESENTATIVES be an honest and able administrator. (By Aprll Klimley) Wednesday, June 14, 1972 'SIGNIFICANT' APPOINTMENTS TAIPEI, TAIWAN.-Na.tiona.llst China's re­ But even 1f Chiang Ching-kuo's appoint­ Mr. WALDIE. Mr. Speaker, although cent government reshufile put so many ments do not have a. major impact right several days have passed since the ter­ Taiwanese in top posts that it could even­ away, everyone on the island agrees they rorist attack at Tel Aviv's Lod Airport tua.Ily radically alter the map of the island•s are "significant." slaughtered 26 innocent victims, the domestic political terrain. For one thing, they are an obvious attempt Premier Chiang Ching-kuo's new Cabinet to rectify a. situation in which native echoes of that atrocity still sound. 1s about one-third Taiwanese. Taiwanese have been excluded from power for The sounds are those of anguish and It includes well-known former Taipei over 20 years. anger. The nations of the world ought Mayor Henry Ka.o, who was promoted to There has been pressure on the Nat ional­ to have reacted with stricter security at Minister of Communications; Lin Ching­ ists to share power since they retreated to all airports by this time. They have not. shen, former secretary-general of the Taipei the island. But only now, in the wake of ex­ World opinion ought to have moved branch of the ruling Kuominta.ng Party, who pulsion from the United Nations and Presi­ the airlines serving Israel to unite in became Minister of the Interior; Hsu Ching­ dent Nixon's visit to Peking, has the govern­ taking drastic steps to discourage any chung, who moved up from Interior Minis­ ment started to move in that direction. ter to Vice-Premier; and three ministers The appointments also indicate that the recurrence of the Lod attack. Appar­ without portfolio. Premier 1s not afraid to break precedent. ently, Mr. Speaker, they have not. Everyone was surprised at the number of The United Nations should have, by Taiwanese chosen. TWO NOT PROMOTED now, moved into emergency session to "He could have gotten away with much Usually a man who does a good job in a Chinese government gets promoted, regard­ take steps toward eliminating air piracy less," commented one Nationalist Chinese less of qualifications or specialty. The Pre­ and the killing of innocents from inter­ observer. mier, however, left two very good men right OTHER SURPRISES national politics. Sadly, the United Na­ in their places: K. T. L1 retained h1.s job as tions is doing precious little in this area. Chiang Ching-kuo did not stop with the Finance Minister, and S.Y. Sun stayed on as Mr. Speaker, the U.S. Government Cabinet. Economics Minister. must take a leadership role in correcting He also appointed Taiwanese Hsieh Tung­ The reshuffle also showed that the 62-year­ the obvious deficiencies that have result­ min as Taiwan's first native Governor. old heir apparent is determined to continue ed in skyjacking and airport killing tak­ Formerly this post has always been held by the attempts he has made throughout his ing place almost daily. mainlanders, those who followed Generalis­ career to woo Taiwanese. Additionally, Mr. Speaker, the United simo Chiang Kai-shek to Taiwan in the late Chiang Ching-kuo has had strong preju­ 1940's. dices to fight against since many people re­ States and the United Nations should An even bigger surprise was the appoint­ sent his Soviet education and Russian wife. make every effort to discourage the ment of Chang Fung-hsu, the magistrate of "He's a hard man to respect," said one Government of Lebanon from giving a the down-island county of Pingtung, as Taiwanese politician about the Premier. "He's safe haven to the terrorists who are com­ Taipei city Mayor. Mr. Chang has never certainly not the ideal leader." mitted to insane political acts of murder, been connected with national politics, al­ But this man added: "If some day he leads oftentimes using the cowardly device of though his record as an administrator in us and fights for us, we will follow him be­ pirating aircraft that are tempting tar­ Pingtung is excellent. cause there's no one in the Kuomintang gets because of lax security. The new Ct>.binet has been welcomed and stronger than him." June 14, 1972 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 20943 FLAG DAY-JUNE 14, 1972 dedicate ourselves to the ideals which Humphrey, William Gill Jr. and Harold Mor­ Old Glory has continuously embodied for· ton, who reached the four-gallon level. HON. GUS YATRON nearly two centuries. [From the Thomaston (Conn.) Express, May OF PENNSYLVANIA 4, 1972] IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES BLOOD DONORS GIVE OVER 200 PINTS THOMASTON.-over 200 pints of blood were Wednesday, June 14, 1972 MR. AND MRS. HERBERT SAGENDORF collected at a very successful Bloodmobile Mr. YATRON. Mr. Speaker, although visit in Thomaston April 25. Some 218 people were registered, but 7 were rejected for health the United Sta-tes is one of the world's reasons, and 24 non-scheduled donors, many youngest nations, our flag is one of the HON. ELLA T. GRASSO in the teen age group, showed the spirit of oldest national emblems and even pre­ OF CONNECTICUT the community. dates the present Union Jack of Great IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The excitement of the afternoon came Britain and the French Tri-color. Wednesday, June 14, 1972 when Herbert Sagendorf was awarded his 12 The Continental Congress on June 14, gallon pin for the 96 pints he had donated 1777, while sitting in Philadelphia, re­ Mrs. GRASSO. Mr. Speaker, those who from Sept. 1950 to the present. After he solved: donate blood perform an invaluable serv­ passed the medical history requirements, a ice which is often a gift of life to people banner created by Mrs. Daniel Samson, was That the flag of the thirteen United States unfurled showing the 12 gallon. In the can­ be thirteen stripes, alternate red and white, in need. teen, he was presented a specially decorated that the union be thirteen stars, white in a Special tribute should be paid to Mr. cake by Nancy Scott. Harry Waterhouse of field of blue, representnig a new constella­ and Mrs. Herbert Sagendorf of Thomas­ Northfield, an 18 year old, accompanied his tion. ton, Conn., the reigning U.S. champion­ Uncle, Herbert Sagendorf, and brought four The design for the new national em­ ship donor team. Mr. Sagendorf recently additional friends with him as first time blem had been developed by a distin­ gave his 96th pint of blood and is now donors. one pint ahead of his wife. The Sagen­ A Five Gallon Award was given to Robert guished committee of the Continental Henderson, four gallon Awards went to Wil­ Congress, named in 1775, and composed dorfs, who have been donating blood liam Gill, Jr. and Ralph Humphrey, three of Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Lynch, since World Warn, are just shy of the gallon Awards to Harold Morton, Joseph B. and Benjamin Harrison. celebrated 24 gallon mark. Last year in Kelley and Donald Yurtin, two gallon Awards Thus, we created the emblem of the New York, they were deservedly honored to Raymond Baldwin, Stacia Cocca, Rickard United States of America which is known as the Nation's top donor couple. Darm, Horst Getschmann, John Reardon and most widely around the world today. Generosity of people like the Sag­ Muriel Rowland. Most people have attributed special sig­ endorfs as a splendid example of how The Future Nurses of Thomaston High each of us-in our own way--can serve School wore Red Cross arm bands made by nificance to the colors of the flag: blue, Girl Scouts of Cadetts Troop 4050, under the to represent justice or a covenant against our fellowman. For the interest of my supervision of Mrs. John Cianciolo. General oppression; red, to represent defiance or colleagues, articles which resently ap­ Time led the industries with 37 employees daring; and white, to represent purity or peared in the Thomaston Express and recruited by Lucille DeCastro, R.N. liberty. However, this is not what we the Waterbury Republican regarding the Sincere appreciation is extended by Mrs. honor today. We honor our Nation, and, Sagendorfs' feat follow: Winfield E. Wight, Thomaston Red Cross [From the Waterbury (Conn.) American, Blood Donor Chairman, to the management in the words of Henry Ward Beecher: of local industries for the 94 persons who A thoughtful mind when it sees a nation's April 26, 1972] were scheduled on factory time, to the donors flag, sees not the flag, but the nation itself. MAN DONATES 96TH PINT and the dedicated workers who served dur­ And whatever may be its symbols, its insig­ THoMASTON.-Pulses pounded and cor­ ing the afternoon, for their cooperation and nia, he reads chiefly in the flag, the govern­ assistance. Appreciation, for a successful visit ment, the principles, the truths, the history puscles raced at the Red Cross Bloodmobile here Tuesday as onlookers awaited for one­ is also extended to the Senior Citizens for that belong to the nation that sets it forth. half of the U.S. Championship donor team directing trafilc, and to Chester Dusak for the The American flag has been a symbol of use of his parking fac111ties which adjoin the Liberty and men rejoiced in it. to come and shed his 96th pint. Everything was set at Congregational Auditorium. Flag Day has been celebrated for many Church Hall as the time approached for years now in the United States. I believe Thomaston's own 60-year-old Herbert Sagen­ that it is appropriate for us to pause dorf to pump out the liquid that would make him a Blood Bank immortal. THE NATIONAL FEDERATION OF each year to commemorate the anniver­ A cake had been baked just for him and sary of our national flag. To take the op­ INDEPENDENT BUSINESS OB- a banner citing his expected accomplishment SERVES 29TH ANNIVERSARY portunity on this day to reflect upon the was furled and ready. Mrs. Sagendorf, whose timeless ideals of the Founding Fathers total donations dating back to World War II which have given this Nation its heritage also come to 95 pints, was standing by as HON. JOE L. EVINS of freedom and justice for all. Bloodmobile Captain-of-the-Day. OF TENNESSEE Therefore. we honor not merely the One question was uppermost in every IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES flag today, but also what it represents. mind: Would Sagendort pass the physical all donors must undergo? Wednesday, June 14, 1972 We must commit ourselves again to the Finally, he arrived, in the van of several achievement of its ideals and the contin­ young donor-recruits led by Sagendorf's Mr. EVINS of Tennessee. Mr. Speaker, uation of its traditions. In honoring our nephew, Harry Waterhouse, 18. one of the most effective representatives flag, we should reaffirm our allegiance to The medics did their thing. Temperature? and champions of small business is the the highest values and ideas which it O.K. Pulse? Ch~ck. Blood pressure? Good! National Federation of Independent embodies, and pledge our determination They unfurled the banner. And for the 96th time, Harry Sagendorf entered the Business, which this year is observing to respect and defend it against all who its 29th anniversary. would remove or defile it. On Flag Day, lonely world where man meets needle--eye to eye. The national federation was founded 1972, I feel that it is appropriate to The Sagendorfs, now just a pint shy of a on May 20, 1943, by the late Mr. C. Wil­ quote the words which President Wilson connubial 24 gallons, were honored by the son Harder, the organization's first pres­ spoke on Flag Day, 1917: American Association of Blood Banks in ident and chairman of the board of This flag. which we honor and under which New York last year as the nation's top donor directors. we serve, is the emblem of our unity, our couple. Mrs. Sagendorf, now a pint behind power, our thought and purpose as a nation. her spouse, says she plans to catch up next The purpose and program of the fed­ It has no other character than that which time around. eration was articulated by Mr. Harder we give it from generation to generation ~ The Mrs. Winfield Wight, Thomaston blood as follows: choices are ours. chairman, said Sagendorf and his recruits To promote and protect our system of pri­ helped the unit exceed its 200-pint quota for vate business, with equal rights to alL To These words, Mr. Speaker, are stU! the visit by 11 pint~ . give small business a greater voice in laws relevant today, and it is certainly up to A number of aspirants to duplicate the governing business and our Nation. us to continue the heritage which has Sagendort saga got special recognition after made this Nation and its flag great. Tuesday's donations. TJ:l.ey were led by Robert The federation is continuing this tra­ Therefore, on this Flag Day, let us re- Henderson, who gave his fifth gallon: Ralph dition of dedication and assistance to 20944 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 14, 1972 the Nation's more than 5 million small flation in arms bulldings. Rather it is a re­ most social scientists, Prof. James Q. businessmen. The federation now has minder that the cold war is stm here. That Wilson, recently published an article in Russia wm grab any chance she gets to seize more than 310,000 members located in more countries. Commentary magazine that is addressed all 50 States. These 310,000 members The only restraint Russia still wm honor to this very question. In an article en­ employ some 2.6 million persons and is the restraint of brute force. titled, "Liberalism versus Liberal Educa­ generate more than $48 billion in busi­ We'd better keep a little of it just in case. tion," he warns of the growing threat to ness volume annually. academic freedom and open inquiry Representatives of the National Fed­ within our great universities them­ eration of Independent Business work selves-the very institutions which have closely with Members of Congress and LIBERALISM VERSUS LIBERAL historically nurtured those values and as chairman of the House Small Busi­ EDUCATION which have the most to gain from their ness Committee, I want to commend and preservation. In light of this most recent congratulate Mr. Wilson Johnson, presi­ HON. JOHN B. ANDERSON outbreak of repression and illiberality, dent of the national federation, Mr. I believe his article is particularly timely James Gavin, legislative director, and OF n.LINOIS and would urge that all of my colleagues other officials and leaders in this im­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES read it. portant small business organization for Wednesday, June 14, 1972 The article follows: their great work in representing in the Mr. ANDERSON of Illinois. Mr. Speak­ LmERALISM VERSUS LmERAL EDUCATION public interest the best interests of small er, I was most disturbed to read in the (By James Q. Wilson) business on Capitol Hill. Washington Post this past Sunday an My title will strike many readers as para­ I also want to congratulate officials account of the bitter controversy and doxical, even absurd. Liberalism, far from and members of the federation on their intimations of academic repression that being the enemy of a liberal education, is 29th anniversary, and certainly I wish widely regarded as being the product of it. have greeted the publication of a study For better or worse, the liberal creed has been for this fine organization much con­ on the effects of busing by Prof. David nurtured and propagated on the college tinued good luck and success for the Armor of Harvard University. According campuses, and though not all students be­ future. to the Post article as well as independent come its disciples, almost all are aH'ected reports which I have received, Professor by it, and some dramatically so. Armor has become the subject of severe At one level that is all true enough. We MOSCOW TRIP DID NOT STOP OUR denunciation, harassment and even know that those who are college-educated NEED FOR ARMED POWER are the most tolerant of unpopular opinions, vandalism because he had the honesty are most prepared to endorse measures to ad­ and courage to publish a report measur­ vance civil liberties and civil rights, and are ing the effects of busing which contra­ least willing to support anti-democratic HON. GARNER E. SHRIVER dicts the conventional wisdom of the aca­ regimes. Indeed, one of the watershed dis­ OF KANSAS demic community of which he is a part. coveries of political sociologists writing in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATTVES Perhaps indicative of the state of aca­ the 1950's was that democratic values were demic freedom at that great university least secure among the working class and Wednesday, June 14, 1972 most sem.t.re among the college-educated up­ is the statement reported in the Post by per-middle class. That finding was sharply Mr. SHRIVER. Mr. Speaker, Presi­ an anonymous faculty member that: challenged, though never successfully dis­ dent Nixon has transmitted to the Con­ Only a damn fool would talk . . . I don't proved, by those few scholars who retained gress the SALT agreement reached with want to pay the price. during the 1950's and early 1960's the convic­ the Soviet Union, along with the interim tion that the upper-middle class was char­ arms limitation agreement. The Senate, Certainly one may take issue with the acterized not by civic virtue but by the under the Constitution, has responsibil­ substance of Professor Armor's findings ambition for power and animated not by ity for ratifying the ABM treaty and both and the methodologies he employed in democratic values but by economic ones. Yet Houses of Congress will be involved in obtaining the results revealed in his even those who oH'ered a radical critique of As society found their allies and followers, not approving the interim agreement. These study. one who has taken the position among the workers, but among fellow college agreements have been received, general­ that measures to relieve racial isolation students and college graduates. Dissent, in ly, with hope and enthusiasm. However, and concentration in our ghetto schools this country as in all countries, in this era we must guard against euphoria and we are essential if we are to fulfill our na­ as in almost all eras, has been chiefly the must be realistic. There have been many tional commitment to truly equal edu­ province of the intelligentsia. agreements in the past which have not cational opportunity, I find Professor Among the intelligentsia, it has been those been honored by the Communists. We Armor's study disheartening and hope who have studied the liberal arts-especially that it will be subjected to the closest the social sciences and the humanities-who have come as far as we have because have displayed the most "liberal" attitudes. we have negotiated from strength. It is critical scrutiny and evaluation. Students of engineering, of applied sciences, essential that America remain strong if But disagreement with methodologies and of agriculture are all much more con­ further progress is to be made on the and the scholarly merit of the study does servative. And as Seymour Martin Lipset has road to peace. not seem to be the real source of some shown, not only do the liberal arts stimulate The McPherson, Kans., Sentinel has of the more strident criticisms being liberal views, but the most able, distin­ published the following editorial which directed at Professor Armor. Instead he guished, productive, and (presumably) high­ is an excellent and realistic appraisal is being denounced for the mere act of est-paid professors of the liberal arts are publishing the study in the first place. the most "liberal" in their orientation. In of the agreements reached with the So­ short, higher education stimulates the liberal viet Union. It is deserving of the atten­ Even the Boston Globe, which did noth­ impulse, a liberal-arts higher education tion of all Members of Congress and the ing more than reprint excerpts from his stimulates it even more, and the "best" (or people of our Nation as we evaluate the article, has been condemned for engag­ at least the most expensive and prestigious) results of the President's mission to ing in an "act of pure racism." liberal-arts higher education stimulates it Moscow. The editorial follows: Obviously, the assumption behind this most of all. How, then, can I suggest that a liberal MOSCOW TRIP DIDN'T STOP OUR NEED FOR kind of criticism and denunciation is education is at all inconsistent with liberal­ ARMED POWER that scholarly work which questions the ism? I suggest it, quite simply, by pointing Since President Nixon's trip to Moscow, validity of the prevailing academic wis­ to the fact that it is within higher educa­ many of us have been living in a dream world dom on certain matters should be sup­ tion that one finds today many but not all of of peace from now on forever with Russia. pressed and kept locked in the study. the most serious threats to certain liberal Defense Secretary Laird has punched a most Yet what could be more abhorrent to the values--the harassment of unpopular views, timely needle in that bubble of a dream. Very concept of academic freedom than that the use of force to prevent certain persons convincingly he stated that we must keep from speaking, the adoption of quota sys­ up our armed strength to maintain our bar­ regrettable notion? What could do more to chill the climate for open and dispas­ tems either to reduce the admission of cer­ gaining strength with Russia in future arms tain kinds of students or enhance the ad­ talks. sionate inquiry than the threat that un­ missions of other kinds, and the politicization He is right. All that was agreed in Mos­ expected results of scholarly investiga­ of the university to make it an arena for cow was restriction of nuclear bombs. Guns, tion will elicit a barrage of denunciation the exchange of Inanifestoes rather than a planes and ships were not mentioned. and intimidation if made public? forum for the discussion of ideas. This is not an argument for a wild in- Mr. Speaker, one of America's fore- The liberal values that have become pre• June 14, 1972 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 20945 carious in the very institution that once de­ of any other values for that matter. The forgotten, unusual, deprived, obscure, or pre­ fended them are those of civility, free legacy of the campus fiirtation with au­ carious. This aspect of the intellectual world speech, equality of opportunity, and the thoritarian politics is still very much with stresses the development, not of criticism, but maintenance of a realm of privacy and in­ us, not in the continuance of militant ac­ of cosmopolitanism. The variety of aesthet­ timacy safe from the constant assaults of the tion but in the absence of democratic con­ ic, political, and cultural experiences 1s por­ political and the societal. These are not, as I victions. The New Left may have repudiated trayed and, by being portrayed in neutral or shall point out, the only elements of the itself by its extremism but it also weakened even sympathetic tones, that variety is made liberal faith, but they are important ones the institution that gave birth to it by cast­ to seem, if not desirable, then a.t least legit­ and they are very much in jeopardy. I real­ ing doubt on the legitimacy of the univer­ imate. This aspect of liberal education is ize that the vast majority of faculty and stu­ sity and of the principles of free discussion directed not so much against conventional dents do not approve of acts which they that support it. opinion as against conventional morality, even say, quietly, that they deplore them; My thesis is that the atmosphere tha.t which 1s to say, against bourgeois, morality. yet the vast majority also have created a nurtures certain kinds of illiberality is in We learn from this experience to know and communal setting and institutional culture part a product of liberal education itself. appreciate the secret worlds and despised that permits such acts to continue. The im­ This is not to say that a. liberal education habits of those persons who, before we began periled values have not been repudiated so teaches disdain for civil liberties or toler­ our liberal education, were beyond our ken much as they have been subjected to be­ ance for violence; quite the contrary. Nor or unpalata.ble to our taste. For example, we nign neglect. is it to say that only a liberal education con­ are led to read sympathetically the works of The evidence that such a state of affairs tributes to this attitude; certain persons by authors and poets who have stood outside the exists is not as readily available as my confi­ family origin and the political socialization main cultural stream; we are informed of the dent generalizations might lead one to sup­ it provides are more likely to display both life and plight of those who have been dis­ pose. There is, for some reason, no organiza­ liberality and illiberality than others. It is a.dvantaged in the preva1llng distribution of tion that monitors the state of freedom on to say that among the consequences of a political or economic resources; and we en­ the campus, or none having the resources liberal education is a set of sympathies which counter the different life styles of other and persistence with which, for example, the lead ma.ny, though not all, persons in a uni­ tribes, cultures, and epochs. American Civil Liberties Union monitors at­ versity to acquiesce in the uncivil acts of a Now there is obviously a close relationship tacks on civil Uberties off the campus. But small minority. between liberalism and liberal education. if one works at or visits a major university, It is time I offered some definitions. By The exercise of the critical spirit requires one will find the history of that sorry pro­ "liberalism" I means a loose set of values that the maintenance of political and intellectual cession of episodes which has produced not emphasizes the protection of civil liberties, freedom. An interest in deprived or despised mounting horror but wordless acquiescence the support of equal political and economic groups lea.ds to a concern for them, and this and weary resignation. opportunity, the amelioration of the lot in turn tends to imply public and political During my adult life I have been part of of the disadvantaged, and the enhancement generosity toward them. It is no surprise that five institutions--the Catholic Church, '~he of the area of personal self-expression. Lib­ liberal-arts students and professors should University of Redlands, the United States eralism, thus defined, is a tendency that both become liberals. Navy, the University of Chicago, and Harvard liberalizes and liberates; that is, it calls both How, then, can a liberal education ever be University. If I were required to rank them for generosity and open handedness in the the adversary of liberalism? The answer, I by the extent to which free and uninhibited treatment of others and for a minimum of think, is that while the critical faculty re­ discussion was possible within them, I am restraint or bondage on the actions of one's quires the existence of civil liberties, it also very much afraid that the Harvard of 1972 self. The modern father of liberalism re­ erodes the bases of authority and legitimacy would not rank near the top. In the last two mains John Stuart Hill: as he explained it, of those institutions that define and defend or three years, the list of subjects that can­ the policy should be organized both to insure those Uberties. Criticism is relentless and not be publicly discussed there in a free and the liberty of the citizens and the liberality accepts no bounds; it may prosper when dis­ open forum has grown steadily, and now in­ of the government; the social pdnciple course is free and unconstrained but the cludes the war in Vietnam, public policy should be the greatest good of the greatest price paid for that intellectual prosperity is toward urban ghettos, the relationship be­ number and the legal principle should be the unceasing assault on those political and tween intelligence and heredity, and the role the greatest freedom of an individual con­ legal practices tha.t have produced such free­ of American corporations in certain overseas sistent with the freedom of others. dom. And in the case of Herbert Marcuse, the regimes. To be sure, certain points of view A "liberal education" is )bought to mean critical faculty even comes to doubt the about each of these matters can be, and are, schooling in subjects that broaden one's cul­ value of the freedom itself. Freedom exists discussed, but a serious discussion of all tural and historical sensibllities and because there first existed a certain kind of sides of these issues is risky, if not impos­ strengthen one's critical faculties. The pur­ social order maintained and defined by laws, sible. To be specific: a spokesman for South pose of a liberal educa.tion is to induct a stu­ governments, and authority. Freedom cannot Vietnam, a critic of liberal policies toward dent, however partially and briefly, into the exist outside some system of order, yet no the ghettos, a scientist who claimed that in­ world of the intellectual. That world, in turn, system of order 1s immune from intellectual telligence is largely inherited, and a corpo­ is one which places a. high value on the ex­ assault. rate executive who denied that his firm was ercise of criticism, the display of originality, Intellectual criticism would have bounds if morally responsible for the regime in South and the understanding of what is unfamlliar, there were a widely-accepted principle of Africa. have all been harassed and in some ancient, distant, and problematic. The ap­ authority or theory of human nature on cases forcibly denied an opportunity to plication of critical faculties to political and which certain political institutions could speak. socia.l practices means displaying suspicion rest immune from eroding questions. At Some of those who have not been able to toward what is formally and conventionally various times there have been. Jefferson be­ speak at all, or to speak only under mental thought to be true in favor of what the ini­ lieved, or wrote as if he believed, that po­ and social duress, have views I disagree with; tiated believe is actually and informally true, litical and civil liberty were among the nat­ others have views I agree with; still others challenging beliefs a.bout the purposes and ural rights of men. But the concept of "nat­ have views that I have not made up my mind legitimacy of institutions, and comparing ex­ ural rights," I need hardly a.dd, has been about. Regarding the last, it is not clear that isting practices with real or imagined alterna­ among the first principles to be criticized, I am going to have a. chance to make up my tives. The critical thrust of liberal-arts edu­ for it implies by its use of the term "natural" mind for it is not clear whether the speak­ cation is invariably directed against the that something exists beyond man's inven­ ers involved are going to feel that the per­ "conventional wisdom," and as new conven­ tion and thus beyond man's revision. Rein­ sonal costs of public statements are worth tions succeed old ones, the process of criti­ hold Niebuhr offered a different defense of the gains in educating me and others. cism is repeated ad infinitum. The object is democracy: man's nature is good enough to These problems have not been unique to to acquire new and esoteric knowledge to re­ make it possible but ba.d enough to make it my university and their emergence has been place popular or conventional opinion. The necessary. Stated differently, we grant civil frequently deplored. I am not here interested criteria for what constitutes "knowledge" are liberty because we cannot trust anyone to in adding any rhetorical flourishes to this often not clear, being sometimes the outcome decide the truth. But that notion is no better discussion: the matter is too important for of the "scientific method" and sometimes suited to resist the critical impulse; it also either declamation or recrimin.a.tion. I do merely the abllity to be original, daring, or is based on a theory of human nature and wish to dispute, however, the view that be­ shocking. For example, the critical faculties thus implies that there are aspects to our cause the organized New Left has lost stature when applied to American government would lives that are beyond the capacity of society and influence of late, the problem has ceased emphasize not constitutions but "power to understand or to alter. Finally, there is to exist. The tumult has subsided a bit structures," not public opinion but the so­ the theory of consent: we have freedoms be­ (though, as I write, the President's office at cial determinants of opinion, not official cause we have agreed to have them. But 1f Harvard is occupied by demonstrators and statements and legal enactments but bureau­ we have agreed to have freedom, we might the Center for International Affairs has re­ cratic empire-building and legislative spe­ also agree not to have freedom. Consent 1s cently been sacked) and a mood of "business cialinterests. a weak theory of legitimacy, and intellec- as usual" is now displayed by most faculty The other part of the world of the intel­ tuals sense it: their own privileges, if granted and students. But a decline in tumult and lectual is that which enlarges the perceived simply by democratic vote, could be revoked a return to self-interest are hardly equiva­ range of conduct, thought, and opinion by by democratic vote, and from time to time lent to a reaffirmation of liberal values, or the sympa.thetic portrayal of what is remote, the society has been incllned to do just that. 20946 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 14, 1972 When one presses an intellectual to sup­ ancient, the aesthetic, the distant, the nat­ when frustrated, often turns to rage and ply a defense of liberty, he tends to give ural. And a liberal education supplies a set those who once celebrated the virtues of some variant of a single argument: utility. of reasons for the neglect or disadvantage com:;:>assion may come to indulge sentiments Liberty is good because it is useful: it enables which these favored objects must bear. That of hatred. society to discover the truth or to find, by reason is, in its most general version, the In 1962, an organization of students pro­ discussion, the best policies or the wisest callousness of spirit, selfishness of interest, duced a document that read in part as leaders. Under ordinary circumstances, that and the smallness of mind of society;- its follows: defense is probably good enough: liberty is governing institutions, and, above all, its We regard men as infinitely precious and useful, or at least more useful than the al­ dominant class. At least in the modern pe­ possessed of unfulfilled capacities for reason, ternatives. But in extraordinary times, such riod, a liberal education has tended, with freedom, and love.... Men have unrealized as the present, the argument is not decisive. varying degrees of success, to challenge the potential for self-cultivation, self-direction, Persons who feel strongly that an injustice valu~s of prevailing society and to set stu­ self-understanding, and creativity.... The should be corrected or a condition alleviated dents apart from it. What Lionel Trilling goals of men and society should be human are likely to be impatient with, and even has found to be true of modern literature independence: a concern with . . . finding actively hostile toward, those who wish to say is true of modern education generally: a meaning of life that is personally authen­ that the injustice does not exist or the social Any historian of the literature of the mod­ tic, ... one which has full, spontaneous ac­ problem is the fault, not of society, but of ern age will take virtually for granted the cess to present and past experiences. Human those who display the symptoms. Efforts will adversary intention, the actual subversive relationships should involve fraternity and be made to silence such persons. The ma­ intention, that characterizes modern writ­ honesty. jority will not participate in such efforts, but ing-he will perceive its clear purpose of Within a few years, this organization, in­ if they believe the doctrine being silenced is detaching the reader from the habits of cluding many of those who signed this state­ sufficiently odious, they will take no active thought and feeling that the larger culture ment at Port Huron, were attacking univer­ steps to oppose the censorship. They will be imposes, of giving him a ground and a sities, harassing those who disagreed with all the more reluctant to oppose it if it is vantage point from which to judge and them, demanding political obedience, and being imposed by members of the commu­ condemn, and perhaps revise, the culture engaging in deliberate terrorism. Nothing nity they value and on whose esteem they that has produced him. could have been more liberal than the 1962 substantially depend. In its extreme form, the concern with statement of the SDS; nothing could have It is here that the cosmopolitan aspect of authenticity as opposed to conventionality been less liberal than its subsequent history. liberal education becomes important. When leads to a preoccupation with pure emotion, For most of us, choices are never this stark. one has cultivated an especially keen regard tb.e unconscious, and even the occult and There is a sense of balance that almost al­ for the plight of some group, one is especially supernatural. "Authenticity," to quote Tril­ ways asserts itself so that neither the stern reluctant to continue a critical discussion of ling again, is an object of almost obsessive and unyielding principles of justice nor the the merits of the case. The commitment to concern both "as a quality of the personal heedless sense of compassion dominates our the object of concern ought to be expressed. life and as a criterion of art." In its ex­ actions. A liberal education is at its best The ways in which that priority is stated are treme form, this concern may be new, but when it strikes this balance: when it makes familiar enough: "Following rules ought not at root it is as old as man. It once was one aware that principles must ultimately to interfere with doing what is right," or "It called "sincerity" or "passion," and it has be justified by something more than mere is wrong to prefer form over substance." always characterized the social world of the utility, that Uberty is as worth preserving Let me state in more grandiose terms what young. Today, the young are no longer sim­ when it i~ attacked by a group one admires I am suggesting. Liberalism, at least as it is ply a biological category, they are virtually as it is when assaulted by a group one de­ conveyed by higher education, is less a the­ a social class, at least insofar as they are tests, and that the bonds of civility upon ory of justice than a theory of benevolence. college students, and thus their concerns which the maintenance of society depends By "justice" I mean, roughly, treating equals have become ours. are more fragile than we often admit . equally a.nd by rules known in advance and The personal concern for sincerity, feeling, When properly conducted, there is an in­ applicable to all. By "benevolence" I mean a and authenticity becomes, when displaced evitable and desirable tension in a liberal disposition to treat someone in a generous onto society, a concern for benevolence a.nd education: developing only the critical fac­ way, to serve his or her perceived interests compassion. That this displacement should ulties produces universal skepticism, even and desires. Liberalism imparts a commit­ occur in the way it does is a consequence about those new worlds of the mind that are ment to certain rules and practices that are of modernity; that is, it is a consequence discovered in a college, whlle heightening very much a part of a theory of justice­ of the fact that we now live in a secular one's sensibilities and enlarging one's powers the rule of law, equality of opportunity, society. Religion and God once served as of compassion tend to suppress the exercise democratic voting-but these rules and prac­ objects for passion; to a limited degree, they of criticism. Among the best students and tices, being abstract and justified on may be returning; but in general only so­ teachers, that tension is evident: they are grounds of utillty, cannot easily or for long ciety ca.n today supply the extra-personal educated up to that delicate point where object for passion and benevolence. The de­ they can be neither true believers nor utter withstand an aroused sense of benevolence. skeptics. Benevolence, after all, is motivated by senti­ cline of religion as a focus for emotion has ments of compassion and a belief in the been underway for decades, but it became And so it should be with liberalism or worthiness of some person or group. A nat­ dramatically evident in the early years of the indeed with any other political faith. The last decade. During the 1950's, theology em­ commitment to fair rules and procedures ural, or at least easily-stimulated, sentiment phasized the depravity, corruption, and im­ often inhibits the solution of certain prob­ will usually be more powerful than a belief perfection of human nature and the con­ lems, just as the commitment to social ac­ in a rule or practice. sequent need for social restraint and legal tion can subvert the maintenance of those It is sometimes suggested that students are authority as a way of preventing political rules. Living with such partially incompati­ "idealists" and that it is this that explains and social fanaticism. But by the 1960's, as ble goals requires, ultimately, the preserva­ much of their political behavior. If the view Daniel Bell has noted, an astonishing re­ tion within oneself of a realm of inner pri­ I have developed here is correct, the word versal had occurred: God was dead, society vacy into which neither politics nor society "idealist" is not the proper one, for it 1m­ rather than man was the problem, social can reach and where quietude and imagina­ plies a conception of an ideal world, or the restraint was insufferable, and activism was tion do gentle battle for the loyalty of our existence of an ideology, or an attachment the only form of purity. Barth, T11lich, and spirit. to the importance of ideas. None of these Niebuhr were replaced by Altizer, Vahanian, connotations has been, in my experience, de­ and Cox. A secular theology became a fervent scriptive of the behavior being explained. A ally of political liberalism. MEMORIAL DAY AND THE SHARPS­ more accurate account would stress the fact Thus, almost the only source of ultimate that students, and young persons generally, value that could maintain a sense of justice BURG ELEMENTARY SCHOOL have a larger and more active sense of com­ against the rush of benevolence gave way. passion and a more easily aroused instinct The delicate balance that must be main­ of benevolence. The emotions of the young tained between form and substance, be­ HON. GOODLOE E. BYRON lie close to the surface; they are quickly tween rule and action, was seriously dis­ OF MARYLAND stimulated and highly volatile. The current turbed. Liberating oneself, and aiding in the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES style that favors "coolness" should not blind liberation of deeerving others, became the us to this fact. The best evidence for it 1s single end. How this was done was less im­ Wednesday, June 14, 1972 found i ~ the personal relationships that portant than the fact that it was done. Mr. BYRON. Mr. Speaker, I had the characterize the young: sudden attachments, But benevolence can never be the sole honor of participating this year and last romantic love, a concern for "sincerity" and principle of human action. At a superficial in the annual Memorial Day parade in openness. The communal tendencies of stu­ level, benevolence often tends to be per­ dents have been far more visible and wlll ceived by its objects as busybodyness, even Sharpsburg, Md., in the center of historic probably be far more enduring than their paternalism. At a more profound level, benev­ Antietam National Battlefield. One of the ideological ones. olence risks rejection or failure: what if most impressive sights in the parade was What a liberal education does is to pro­ those aided do not improve, or if for some the contingent of schoolchildren from vide a new or enlarged range of objects for reason personal efforts are not followed by the Sharpsburg Elementary School. The those sentiments: the poor, the black, -tile institutional commitments? Benevolence, school has written a short summary of June 14, 1972 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 20947 its participation in this annu'll event, and WILLIAM TYLER PAGE seem to lapse. Every day we see examples I would like to share it with my col­ William Tyler Page, descendant of Presi­ of agencies which seem to have a rhinoc­ leagues: dent Tyler and Carter Braxton (a "signer" erous hide when it comes to providing a MAY 29, 1972. of the Declaration of Independence) , was compassionate response to the needs of SHARPSBURG SCHOOL born or. October 19, 1868 in Frederick, Mary­ the people they are supposed to serve. land. He was educated in the public schools The day dawned clear and bright. A gentle of Baltimore and at the Frederick Academy. We cannot expect confidence in gov­ breeze stirred. The weather was perfect for Page began his service in the C.S.pitol on ernment until the people are treated as every outdoor activity, especially a parade. December 19, 1881 at the age of thirteen. something more than just another ripple The entire town of Sharpsburg had been He received an appointmerut as a page in on the bureaucratic sea. My constituent cleaned, swept and polished for the Memorial the Clerk's office of the House of Repre­ points out astutely that we in Congress Day Parade. At an early hour visitors arrived sentatives. When he became too old to con­ pass the laws which create these bu­ in the town. tinue work as a page, he received a position The Sharpsburg Elementary School, which reaucracies and we provide them with in the House Post Office. He held a variety the funds to operate. It follows then that forms a unit in that parade, had chosen for of other jobs as a House employee, i.e., as­ its theme "Our Keys to Freedom." The girls sistant keeper of the archives, various clerk­ we should be able to end the coma of in­ were dressed in white, while the boys wore ships, clerk to the Committee on Accounts difference by insisting on greater respon­ navy trousers and white shirts. A red (14 years), and secretary to four Members siveness. In this regard, I call on every shoulder sash added a colorful touch. Two from Rhode Island. Member of the House to pass the word large golden keys carried by girls flanked In 1902 he ran as the Republican candi­ forcefully to our bureaucracies that serv­ either side of the main banner theme. The date from the second district of Maryland ice to the people must take precedence kindergarten children portrayed "Hand in and was defeated. In 1917 Page wrote his Hand." The primary children were grouped over all other considerations. famous American Creed, which is familiar Mr. Speaker, for the information of with the girls portraying "Peace"; and the to millions of Americans. boys "Let's Build A Home"; and the inter­ On May 19, 1919 he was elected Clerk of the the Members, I am attaching to my re­ mediate girls and boys "Let's Teach the House and held this position for six terms. marks a copy of the article which ap­ World to Sing." As the line of march neared In December 1931 when the Democratic party peared in the June 10, 1972, issue of the the reviewing stand in the center of the organized the House, Mr. Page lost the Clerk­ Mobile Press Register: town, the children stopped and sang "I'd ship but was awarded the post of minority NAVAJO COAL MINER SAID liARRASSED BY Like To Teach the World to Sing." clerk for life; a position which was created GOVERNMENT The school children have participated in for him. this parade, annually, as early as 1920. For WATERFLOW, N. MEx.-A Navajo coal miner Besides the American Creed, Page authored is in trouble with the federal government be­ many years the boys and girls wore white and The Story of the Nation's Capital ( 1932), carried a small flag over their shoulder. cause he doesn't use an electric lamp on his The Romance of the Constitution (1937), cap and doesn't have a telephone line between Since 1951 the school's part has been more and Page's Congressional Handbook. He was meaningful and colorful. Such themes as his tiny mine and the shack where he stores the senior warden of St. Columbia's Episco­ his wheelbarrow. these have been used in the past; "Lest We pal Church and was awarded a degree of Forget," "Let Freedom Ring," "The Flag­ Clifford George, 65, is being threatened with Doctor of Laws by George Washington Uni­ fines up to $60,000 and says he can't pay the What Does It Mean?," "God Bless America" versity. and "I Hear America Singing." $950 fine the government says he already At the time of his death, October 20, 1942, owes. Patriotic colors of red, white and blue have William Tyler Page had served the House generally been used. All school children who One of his problems is that he can't read of Representatives for 30 Congresses, close the 6-inch high stack of documents and let­ wish to participate may do so. to 61 years. He had witnessed the convening On several occasions miniature floats ters that federal authorities in Washington of 73 sessions and had served under 14 have been sending him since November 1970. mounted on children's express wagons have Speakers. been used. Large floats built by teachers, He's been stopped from working the sma.ll parents and children have also been used. seam of low grade coal near his home. He had THE AMERICAN CREED dug a hole about 50 feet into the side of the Yes, Memorial Day has meant planning and (By William Tyler Page) work. But it has added a meaningful touch hill and had been hauling the coal away in a to a community celebration. Many people I believe ln the Unite-d States of America wheelbarrow to sell to his neighbors. come each year just to see the school children as a government of the people, by the peo­ The Inine is tiny, but there are government 1n the parade. ple, for the people; whose just powers are documents marked: "Re: Hogback No. 1 derived from the consent of the governed; Inine, case Number 3505." a democracy in a Republic; a sovereign Na­ Now his 39-year-old wife has had to go tion of many sovereign States; a perfect to work to earn a living for the couple and Union, one and inseparable; established upon their six children. WILLIAM TYLER PAGE AND THE those principles of freedom, equality, jus­ George's plight was revealed Friday by AMERICAN CREED tice and humanity for which American pa­ Navajo Tribal Councilman Harry Tome of triots sacrificed their lives and fortunes. Red Rock, Ariz., who said, "The government I therefore believe it is my duty to my has been harassing this man to death. They're HON. GOODLOE E. BYRON Cuuntry to love it; to support its Constitu­ treating him like they'd be treating some big tion; to obey its laws; to respect its flag; company." OF MARYLAND and to defend it against all enemies. "George has built himself a little shack IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES about 5 by 7 feet to shelter his tools in," Tome Wednesday, June 14, 1972 said. "I don't know what they expect since he's the only guy working ln the mine. Is Mr. BYRON. Mr. Speaker, today NAVAHO COAL MINER HARASSED BY he supposed to can the shack from the mine marks the beginning of th~ Honor Amer­ GOVERNMENT and then run back there and answer the ica Day celebmtions throughout the phone?" country. On Flag Day I cannot think Another violation, said Tome, "was that George didn't have a name tag on his belt. of a more fitting subject to mark the HON. JACK EDWARDS We got him a name tag." occasion than William Tyler Page, one OF ALABAMA Still another violation was that George of Frederick, Md.'s, most disltinguished IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES didn't have a mask called "self rescuers," citizens and the author of the American Wednesday, June 14, 1972 which miners can use to get oxygen in case Creed. At the time of his death in 1942, of emergency. William Tyler Page had served hiJ coun­ Mr. EDWARDS of Alabama. Mr. "A coal company in Kentucky donated us try and the House of Representatives Speaker, the governmental bureaucracy one, which we gave him," Tome said. perhaps longer than anyone in the his­ has done it again. A constituent of mine, "He was accused of a violation because he hasn't filled out the forms which are required tory of the Republic beginning as a Mr. Tom Williams of Elberta, Ala., has every few days on the quality of the air and House page and working his way through relayed to me press reports of an Ari­ dust control in the mine." many positions to Clerk of the House. zona Indian who was trying to operate Tome said George couldn't fill out the I would like to share with my col­ a one-man mine before he was buried forms because he can't speak, read or write leagues in the House a short biography under a mountain of Federal forms and English. of William Tyler Page and the Ameri- procedural regulations. The inspectors also cited George for not can Creed, an important American doc­ Perhaps one of the greatest challenges having a brake on his small handcar. "We investigated that and found we ument and the summation of William we in the Congress face is to snap our couldn't buy a one-man handcar that had Tyler Page's life. bureaucracies out of the unfeeling, un­ a brake, or even get a brake put on it," Tome The items follow: seeing trance into which they always said. 20948 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 14, 1972 Shortly after the documents started arriv­ moments of overconfidence, practically let extremely low. We must join hands and work ing, Tome took George's problems to the our plants grow on their own. our newly planted seeds. With the help of Navajo Tribal legal aid society at Window We went to the garden and told the plants God and the dedication of man to sound prin­ Rock, Ariz., 100 miles from this northwest about the weeds of dishonesty and the plants ciples and justice, we'll reap plant s that will New MeXico village. saw us go into the house and cheat on our truly turn swords into plow shares and the "They've been battling back and forth income tax. The plants saw us take unfair harvest will be beneficial to all m ankind. Will ever since," Tome said. business advantage of the poor and ignorant. you help us raise this crop? We went to our garden and we started to pull the weeds of injustice. We pulled away a few weeds, tired, and the plants saw a genera-tion SOWING AND REAPING that incarcerated innocent Japanese-Ameri­ PITTSBURGH AREA STUDENTS PAR­ cans in World War n and take all of their property without any firm grounds. TICIPATE IN "YOU ARE THE FLAG'• HON. GEORGE ·A. GOODLING We went to the garden and we took a hoe ESSAY CONTEST to chop away the weeds that destroy brother­ OF PENNSYLVANIA hood but again we tired and the plants heard IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES us spread the seeds of derogatory remarks HON. WILLIAM S. MOORHEAD OF PENNSYLVANIA Wednesday, June 14, 1972 like nigger, poor white trash, and pepper belly. The plants heard us spread the seeds IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr. GOODLING. Mr. Speaker, on of ignorance to our children by telling them June 3, 1972, I had the opportunity of they were better because of their race, color, Wednesday, June 14, 1972 attending the speech contest of Region or religion. Mr. MOORHEAD. Mr. Speaker, there VII, Toastmasters International, which We went to the garden and took a very are those among older Americans who weak herbicide to destroy the weeds of dis­ are quick to criticize the young for what was conducted in York, Pa., my Congres­ respect for teachers and community leaders sional District. and the plants saw us degrade those leaders the elders term a "lack of patriotism." I also had the high honor of receiving with conversation and overt disgraceful acts. I do not believe that this is the case from Dr. Russell Herron, the organiza­ Now the plants have almost reachea ma­ I think that today's youth holds the in­ tion's president, a medallion in appre­ turity and what do we have--a crop of terest and well-being of their country ciation of my attendance at this event. stunted plants that we call a bunch of hip­ just as high as many of us do and did The medallion cites as follows: pies, yippies, dirty-smelly kids or a bunch of when we were their age. rioters, looters, and killers. Today's youth happens to question Toastmasters International is a non-profit, And so we take all types of measures to educational organization of toastmasters suppress them and maybe we should. How­ more than some of us did and they may clubs which provide their communities a ever, should not our over-riding attention be a bit more skeptical of patriotic slo­ program for men to improve their abilities in be given to removing the weeds that we can gans, the meaning of which seem to get communication and leadership. More than so that the remainder of their growth be trampled or distorted in everyday appli­ a million "men on the move" have benefited somewhat in a normal fashion? We must con­ cation. But these qualities are strengths from the toastmasters program since it was sider remedies and trea.t causes. not weaknesses. A healthy skepticism introduced in 1924. One of the best tasks that we can perform leads to intelligent decisions. I would like to say that all seven con­ is to let those plants see how we're going to Annually the Flag Plaza Foundation work and cultivate our new crop and the testants made superb presentations, the first step is getting that garden off to a good of Pittsburgh, an adjunct of the Boy majority of which dealt with the state of start is to make the irrigation ditches of cap­ Scouts of America, and the Duquesne our Nation. italism responsive to our newly planted seeds. Light Co. join to sponsor a "You Are the The winner, Mr. John L. Fulbright, Jr., Now don't misunderstand that statement. Flag" essay contest among Pittsburgh represented District 36, the National Don't take that statement wrong. Capitalism area students. There were 30,000 en­ Capital District. In his speech he por­ is the best and most productive system un­ tries in the contest this year. trayed past difficulties associated with der which our plants can live. But when a As in past years, the winners have the rearing of our young and identified system has been modified to a point whereby its citizens who make $5,000 a year pay more presented their youthful patriotism in the steps he believes necessary to get our taxes than some of its citizens who made a number of unique written forms. new generation o:ff to a good start. Mr. in excess of $225,000 a year, then that sys­ I would like to share them with my Fulbright stressed the urgent need for a tem needs careful review and reworking. colleagues at this time: return to discipline and guidance. When a system reaches the point whereby a You ARE THE FLAG For the past year, Mr. Fulbright has ten-year-old boy can purchase dope on the (By Marty O'Malley) been an active member of two Toast­ corners of New York and an of our law en­ forcement officials cannot stop the drug traf­ Who is the flag? Is it you, or me, or an master Clubs--a 15-member interracial fic into this country because of organized idea? Please allow me, a piece of cloth with discussion forum and the 35-member Au­ crime, then that system needs a tremendous red and white stripes and fifty stars on a terior Club at the Department of the In­ overhaul. Malcolm X said that capitalism can­ field of blue, to speak. Let me talk about terior, where he has been employed for not survive because it needs to suck the how the flag was launched from a sewing 5 years. He is married, has one daughter, blood of the poor and undeveloped. I disagree. room in Philadelphia all the way to the and resides in Sterling, Va. Capitalism can survive, but its survival must moon. Allow me to say some of the things be in an environment of justice and fair I have seen along the way. Mr. Fulbright's message was both My colors were a symbol against tyranny meaningful and timely, having vital ap­ play. And those malignant weeds that pla.ces men's greed before the Nation's welfare must and gave heart to those early Americans who plication to America's social posture. I, be removed. wanted freedom and the right to pursue hap­ therefore, introduce it to the CoNGREs­ Next we must fert111ze our plants with piness. When I came on the scene I stirred SIONAL RECORD and commend it to the brotherhood. Not with the spoken word but those hearts to endure whatever was neces­ attention of my colleagues. Mr. Ful­ with the living being, because it will be diffi­ sary to achieve our final goal. It took many bright's address follows: cult for the plants to understand brother­ years but I finally flew as the symbol of a new nation. SOWING AND REAPING hood when the most segregated time in Amer­ ica is every Sunday morning at eleven So many times I have fiown with pride (By John L. Fulbright, Jr.) o'clock. and glory. There were also times when my Nations are like men, whatsoever they We must water our plants with the justice color seemed to fade. Not from the sun and soweth, that they shall also reap. And during of Joseph Addison who stated that, "Justice rain but from my own tears. These tears the time between sowing and reaping individ­ discards party, friendship, and kindred, and were shed during our own Civil War when uals and nations must do all the work neces­ is therefore represented as blind." The plants this nation was threatened to be torn apart sary to insure that their crop gives them the must see justice administered in terms of the from within. Tears were shed again when most yield. As we look around our Nation to­ offense irrespective of the man's ra.ce or fi· the red, white and blue was fiown at half- day and view the bombing of the Pentagon nancial status. mast due to the sudden and tragic loss of and the Capitol Building, as we see the drug And then we must take those steps neces­ such men as Abraham . . . Martin ... and problem 1n every major city, and as we wit­ sary to insure that the plant grows 1n dis­ John. ness multiple assassinations or attempted as­ cipline and guidance. Discipline and guidance These colors blossomed again, as I think sassinations, one has to wonder, did we work must be returned to home and school and they always will, because of the desire of the our crop? We know we planted good seeds, those who misuse it must and should be pun­ people they represent. They shine bright with we know we had fertile ground, but it ap­ ished. Too long, too long ha.ve we removed joy when they are aboard a ship loaded with pears that we, like the foolish ostrich, stuck the rule instead of the offender. food for the people of an underdeveloped our heads in the sand when we saw the weeds We have good plants. We have the will and nation. They glisten brightly on the side of that could hinder our plants• growth. We, in resources needed to make the risk of failure an airplane carrying doctors, nurses, and June 14, 1972 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 20949 medical supplies to victims of an earthquake realize that I am very fortunate indeed to I AM THE FLAG <>r some other disaster. have been born in this country. I have been (By Pamela Nusz) Who is the flag? Is it I or is it you? I think blessed with the chance to go to school and Here I am in Independence Hall, locked in it's both of us. I am the symbol, bUJt you are learn to think for myself. I have received a glass case with no way to tell the world the people and the purpose 1 many abilities from God and have a chance how proud I am to represent this, my great to develop them. But I also have the duty to nation. I was made in 1776 by Betsy Ross. You ARE THE FLAG, JULY 4, 1972 use these gifts for the betterment of myself That was almost two hundred years ago, and (By Mark E. Rodenberg) and my country. the purpose behind me still has not changed. The flag symbolizes all these things to me. I stand for the actions, the thoughts, the What a wonderful day for flying I Those As a united people, working effectively and winds are hitting just right . . . Wow, look hope, and the unity of the people here in courageously together, we can make every my country. I remind them of the freedom at all those people down there! All that effort to right the wrongs, to dispel all prej­ 1lag saluting, and celebrating. For me? Why? they !ought for and may have to fight to udices and bring our nation to a proud e:xlst­ keep. Could it be my beautiful colors of red, white, ence under "Old Glory." and blue? Would they do the same thing if There may have been a. few changes in my .my colors were pink, purple, and green? design over the years, but only because as I know it's not that. I have flown in many THE FLAG'S REPLY my country grows and changes, I must, too. ether colors. Back in 1776 when I was called (By Wanda Veltre) Many people come to see me here. Some who 4 'Don't Tread on Me", I was brown and I saw two boys who I have known, see me remember how bravely they fought yellow. For eighteen years, but now they'd grown, to keep me. Some think of their friends and Then what is it that makes people salute Both were healthy and happy tlll then. loved ones who died for this country's .me? Is it what stands behind me, my history Yes, the day came to show they were men. freedom . and fame compacted into a cloth of red, I called these boys to come and defend, I could go on and on to describe the feel­ white, and blue? Or is it people like George My country, Their country ings they have for me, but I think everyone Washington and Thomas Jefferson who No need to pretend. would rather hear how I feel about the peo­ founded our democratic government? Might But, both boys came forward with love and ple of my country. I have no other word that it be Thomas Edison and Alexander Graham such pride. expresses my feelings so well as the word Eell who gave America a voice and ears? Was I to know that one had lied? "proud." In years of distress and depression, Is it the same thing that made the Wright Both full of life, so happy, so proud, very few people deserted me; they have al­ brothers and John Glenn give wings to When on that day, came before me, heads ways flown my colors high to proudly show America? Could it be Andrew Carnegie and bowed. others they will stand behind me, united. Henry Ford who built American industrial But, one I knew was weak inside. Those who have not experienced it do not and technological power? Or Martin Luther His true feelings he was trying hard to hide. know what it feels like to be a mere piece of King, Jr. and Susan B. Anthony who brought When it came to fighting for what both cloth that unite millions of people. about better social life in America? Is it enjoyed I am a symbol of our freedom. At the athletes like Jim Thorpe, Jackie Robinson, One was a man, but one still a boy. olympic games I did not bow to king or ruler or Babe Ruth trying to become some of Amer­ Yes, another man then died for me, as other flags did. I bow to no one; for in my ica's best? What is it? Is it the courage and To keep me waving proud and free. American eyes every man is equal. faith they found in America? Where is it? And, another fraud had gone and run, I am just part of what makes our "Star­ Could it be in themselves? Is it the ablllty Nothing accomplished, his duty undone. Spangled Banner." The people, all of the to fight and overcome a problem or dis­ Was it fair? It's up to you. people, working together, living united and couragement. Who is it? Is it their God, You'll have your chance to fight for what you free, are what I, our Flag really represents. their coach, or their ideals; or is it them­ believe true. We are the Flag. selves and their faith in the American way? And, on that day when your number is Maybe I'm just the way Americans represent drawn, themselves, their accomplishments, and re­ Stand up with courage and know that we've veal their pride in America. Whatever it is, won. NATION'S FffiEMEN TO BE it makes me proud that, "I am the Flag." For, a country like ours, United, strong. HONORED With the true band of freedom, You ARE THE FLAG Can not be proved wrong. (By Mary Spindler) HON. JOE SKUBITZ In recent years there has been public des­ WITHOUT MY FLAG OF KANSAS ecration of the flag of the United States of (By Wendy Weinstein) IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES America by burning, displaying it improperly, They came in the middle of the night with or by using it as a mere piece of clothing. To bombs that lit the sky as they destroyed Wednesday, June 14, 1972 me, this desecration of the flag was not justi­ my family and friends. My flag, the symbol Mr. SKUBITZ. Mr. Speaker, my atten­ fiable, but to those involved, it was a way of of free men such as I, was captured. I am no tion has been called to the initiation of expressing their disagreement of many Amer­ longer privileged with the joy of life, for I a program to honor the heroism of the ican policies, especially the war in Vietnam. am dead. Yes, my eyes st111 see and my hands The very fact that these people could do this still work, but they are of no use to me. They firefighters of this land in the perform­ to the flag shows how great a country America work for the government with no profit for ance of their duty. As is the case with so is. If people in some countries were to attack myself. From dawn to dusk my ears grope for many of our public servanU:l, the men their government in any way they would be the sound of children's laughter. I am foolish who respond to fires go about their duties punished. to even hope for the sound because the young unheralded and unsung. We realize their What these dissenters should realize is that ones work in the fields and have no time for importance to our daily lives only in their criticism should be constructive and not play. My home is a pile of rubble that shows times of disaster or when we ourselves merely destructive. Merely tearing down will no sign of the happy lives that were de­ not solve any situation. Citizens must work, stroyed by the attack. Memories of my family experience some devastating occurrence. either individually or collectively, toward constantly shadow my mind. My legs serve I was therefore pleased to learn that correcting any wrongs which they feel e:xlst. no purpose for the forests have been burned a program of annual awards to mark the A nation's greatest resource is it's people. down, and I no longer desire to take a walk. heroism of firemen on or off duty, and It is the pride which people take in their work Books are banned because knowledge of bet­ applicable to all ranks, has been an­ that betters a nation. Each individual must ter lands and happier lives is not permitted. nounced by a large manufacturer of fire­ work hard at their job, whatever it may be. Food raised by hardworking women and chil­ fighter equipment. The awards, consist­ Men such as George Washington, Thomas dren is taken away to be eaten by the in­ ing of four cash prizes and symbolic Jefferson, Abraham Lincoln, Alexander Gra­ vaders. Many people are soon to die from ham Bell, Henry Ford, Thomas Edison, Martin starvation. All that was once ours has been plaques, will be presented to the four Luther King, and many other Americans used taken from us. chosen at a national presentation dinner. their talents for the benefit of the United I opened my eyes and realized that I'd Some 25,000 announcements have been States and the world. But it is not merely been dreaming. From my window I could see sent to both paid and volunteer fire de­ the famous personages which make a country that nothing had changed. My flag wasn't partments throughout the country. They strong, but people like you and me. going to be taken for quite a while at least. advise that official applications must be The nation is too strong for that. I stlll have Each individual has God-given talents for All which he is responsible. He must take pride a wonderful country full of freedom and love filed and set out rules for the awards. in himself and develop these talents for the to live in. Houses, buildings, forests and applications are to be filed prior to June honor and glory of his creator and his country mountains still stand. Children joyfully play 30 of this year. which gave him the freedom to develop these in the streets without fear of being attacke~ The distinguished panel of judges talents. My flag stlll flies and will guide me through which has been selected to determine the So as I look upon the "Stars and Stripes" I life, for without it I have nothing! winners includes: Arthur Fiedler, the 20950 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 14, 1972 widely known conductor of the Boston delegate to the United Nations General explusion of Taiwan, he said, but its efforts Pops Orchestra; I. Irving Pinkel, Direc­ Assembly in New York City. were made made futile by the visit to Peking tor of NASA Aerospace Safety and Re­ Since only two out of 435 members are of Hell'ry Kissinger, special adviser to Presi­ thus singled out each year, both envy and dent Nixon, at the very tim~ the U.N. was search Data; Dr. Irmo.gene N. Holloway, sarcasm presumably tinged his salute as of Kansas, a former assistant in HEW's debating the issue. "ambassador" in fioor debate. Rep. H. R. That trip "could not have come at a more Bureau of Product Safety; John H. Gross [R., Ia.] suggested that "Living high inopportune political or psychological Washburn, president of Home Insurance on the hog at the U.N. and rubbin·g elbows moment" and it convinced many nations Co.; Curtis Volkamer, president of the with the foreign gentry" had altered Derwin­ that the U.S. was not sincere in its proposal International Association of Fire Chiefs; ski's foreign policy views. of dual representation·. and W. H. McClennan, president of the Any intimation that Derwinski bas been International Association of Firefighters. affected by his U.N. service was dispelled when he issued a 70-page report to the House Foreign Affairs Committee on his experiences in the intern·ational body. It was deemed FORREST CATE'S COMEBACK valuable enough to be printed as a House DERWINSKI STll.JL IN DOUBT document. ON U.N. It is thoughtful, informative, and often HON. LAMAR BAKER entertaining. Derwinski remains in serious OF TENNESSEE HON. PHILIP M. CRANE doubt about the effectiveness of the U.N. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and was appalled by its refusal to practice Wednesday, June 14, 1972 OF ILLINOIS austerity even in: the face of impending IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES bankruptcy. A financial crisis has been swept Mr. BAKER. Mr. Speaker, there are under the rug but wlll soon recur. Wednesday, June 14, 1972 many little-known stories of triumph The American contribution to the U.N. over adversity where resolute individuals Mr. CRANE. Mr. Speaker, for the past must be reduced to 25 per cent [from the succeed despite the severest of handicaps. 3 months our colleague, Representative current 31 per cent) without delay, Derwin­ ski recommended, and the Soviet Union· and I know about one because it happened EDWARD DERWINSKI of illinois, has pro­ France pressed for substantial cash pay­ in the Chattanooga area and received due Vided notable service as a presidentially ments which they have withheld. recognition in the press. I have reference appointed delegate to the United Nations He did oppose, however, an immediate $25 to the story of Forrest Cate, who, though General Assembly in New York City. million cut in U.N. funding voted by the totally blind, still managed to ride a show He brought to that task the same House May 18 and it was this stand that horse and win a ribbon in the competi­ ability to see through to the heart of aroused Gross' ire. Derwinski's explanation tion at the Rossville, Ga., Kiwanis Char­ problems and the same wit and good was that this was a default in violation of ity Horse Show last Saturday. humor for which he is known in this U.N. charter rules comparable to the reneging of Russia and France, making the United The story of this accomplishment has House. He was especially effective in his States equally culpable. The House, by a been told with understanding by Jay debates and discussions with Soviet rep­ 202-to-156 vote, refused to agree. Searcy, sports editor of the Chattanooga resentatives. In one respect, Derwinski found his U.N. Times, in his column, "Searching with At one point, when a Russian delegate service frustrating. The State Department Searcy." voiced a tirade against the threatened treats congressional delegates with poorly In calling attention to Forrest Cate's rebirth of Nazism in Europe, Mr. DER­ concealed contempt, he discovered, givin'g "comeback,'' I hold it out as an example WINSKI interrupted: them only cursory briefings, demanding to censor their speeches, and sending them in­ to all of us. There is a great deal which I have seen no signs of a revival of Ger­ can be accomplished whenever there is man militarism except in 1968 when East structions on voting at the last minute. He protested this bureaucratic control but got a will to do it. The lesson will be obvious German forces goose-stepped into Czecho­ nowhere. slovakia. And in Russia today, we see the as you read Jay Searcy's column. Jewish people, who were Nazi victims a gen­ But, on the whole, he reported, he found SEARCHING WrrH SEARCY eration ago, made to suffer persecution the experience rewarding. It was a rare (By Jay Searcy) again. It is easy to see where the threatened opportunity to participate directly in the conduct of foreign affairs, to study the SUSPENSE AND MR. IMPERIAL evils of Nazism really exist-behind the Iron "You should have been here last night," Curtain. methods and the motives of delegates from other countries, and to test wits in debates everybody kept saying at the horse show Sat­ Has Mr. DERWINSKI changed his with them. urday night. The man on the gate said it, critical view of the United Nations? Dis­ What Derwinski enjoyed most, obviously, grooms hanging on the rail, people under the cussing this question, the Chicago Trib­ was tilting with representatives of the Soviet tent in center ring. Union. They must have been happy when Everywhere you went they were talking une's distinguished columnist, Willard he left because, day after day, he prodded about Forrest Cate's suspenseful ride on Mr. Edwards, reports that-- them about the hypocrisy of their anti­ Imperial Friday night. DERWINsKI remains in serious doubt about American attacks. "Not many people knew what was happen­ the effectiveness of the U.N. and was appalled A Russian delegate rebuked him, recalling ing," said a lady under the tent. "I don't by its refusal to practice austerity even in that President Nixon had announced "an think many of the riders even knew.'' the face of impending bankruptcy. A finan­ era of negotiation, not confrontation.'• What was happening was that Forrest Cate, cial crisis has been swept under the rug but "What troubles me about this era of winner of a number of ribbons and trophies will soon recur. negotiations," Derwinski replied, "is that the in the pleasure walking horse classes over Despite the contempt with which the negotiators on the Russian side may later the years, was making a comeback. disappear from sight and from the history It was a horse show setting familiar to Department of State tends to treat con­ books. That was the fate of Stalin and Forrest, a 38-year-old automobile dealer. Ex­ gressional delegates, there were reward­ Khrucbchev. President Nixon won·•t know cept this one was at Rossville's new city park, ing moments. Mr. EDWARDS notes that- how long the individuals be dealt with in one of the biggest show rings in the South­ What DERWINSKI enjoyed most, obviously, Moscow will be around. They, too, may east. was tilting with representatives of the Soviet vanish from the history books and where does There was color everywhere, like a scene Union. They must have been happy when that leave the agreements they signed?" from an Indiana state fair. Handsome people he left because, day after day, be prodded Again, when a Russian delegate voiced a with brown faces. Western jeans, well faded. them about the hypocrisy of their anti­ tirade against the threatened rebirth of Cowboy hats. Riding boots. Double-breasted American attacks. Nazism in Europe, Derwtnski interrupted: blazers, sulky silks. Horse trailers, motor "I have seen no signs of a revival of Ger­ homes, concession stands, box seats, bleach­ EDWARD DERWINSKI has brought honor man militarism except in 1968 when East ers. Organ music. Dancing horses. to the House by his service at the United German forces goose-stepped into Czecho­ LIKE MANNEQUINS Nations. I wish to share with my col­ slovakia. And in Russia today, we see the The riders looked like department store leagues the article by Willard Edwards Jewish people, who were Nazi victims a gen­ mannequins-neat, trim, pretty, handsome, which appeared in the Chicago Tribune eration ago, made to suffer persecution again. clean. And they were so practiced most of of June 8, 1972. This article follows: It is easy to see where the threatened evils them coUld have shown their horses blind­ of Nazism really exist-behind the Iron folded. But only one rider rode blindfolded, DERWINSKI STILL IN DOUBT ON U.N. Curtain." (By Willard Edwards) and that's what made Forrest Cate's come­ Derwinskl was a U.S. delegate during the back so suspenseful at the Rossville Kiwanis WASHINGTON, June 7.-Rep. Edward J. period when Communist China was admitted Charity Horse Show. Derwinski [R., Ill.] has bad to endure some to the Security Council and its predecessor, The blindfold Forrest wore is called dia­ ribbing in the House about his recent three­ Taiwan, was expelled. betic retinopathy. It blinds permanently. month term as a Presidentially appuinted The U.S. delegation fought w prevent the It had been four years since Forrest had June 14, 1972 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 20951 been in a show ring, but he had never been Federal-aid highway projects. The re­ debased, his ambition curbed, and his sta­ there competing on a track he couldn't see, sult will be a more orderly implementa­ bility three.tened. We are all cognizant of the against competition he could only hear, for tion of each State's highway program fact that instability is the element which has judges and spectators he could only sense. and the avoidance of sudden changes the most profound influence upon society. When they called for the pleasure walking While searching for rationality, the unstable horse class, Forrest rode Mr. Imperial out in in the pace of the program due to shifts individual becomes disoo.tisfied with society. a fiatwalk tow.ard the biggest challenge of in the obligational amounts provided as Why?-because he has loot his faith. If many his life. has occurred in recent years. such individuals command an influential in­ His one big concern was keeping the horse In his letter to me, Secretary Volpe cumbency, a permissive legislative t rend may on the rail. Mr. Imperial, pretty as he is, declared that his action in releasing be noted, for these individuals, eager to pos­ sometimei is tempermental and isn't always these funds was, "Responsive to the needs sess self-assurance, will exhaust any means an easy horse to show. of our Nation's highway program". I possible to achieve their ends. Thus, a liber­ Those who were watching were a lot more al attitude is established; for in order to tense than Forrest. This was the horse that could not agree with him more. experiment, permissiveness must prevail. threw him not long ago, shortly after he I commend the Secretary on his un­ Many of the same qualities existing in a :made his first blind ride. And there was no derstanding and comprehension of the permissive person are characteristic of a per­ guarantee it wouldn't happen again--show problems of future development of our missive society. Whenever permissiveness is ring or no show ring. highways. I congratulate him for remov­ extant, crime and corruption rise, for there FROM THE RAIL ing yet another obstacle to continuing is neither the means nor the desire to sup­ highway development. Unquestionably, press them. As previously stated, these cir­ Forrest wore tiny earphones that looked cumstances arise from loss of faith, loss of like hearing aids and he was being fed in­ e:ffi.cient development of our highways­ hope, frustration, and the new-found liber­ formation by his trainer, Slim Easterly, who when done with a safety awareness­ ties. The public, perplexed by these privi­ was standing outside the rail talking into a will yield dividends to all Americans who leges, exploits them, and thus they acquire transistor radio speaker: will travel these roads in future years. an adverse connotation. In ac!dition to this "Pull on the right rein. Good. Looking laissez-faire attitude, it is feasible, in a per­ good. Tighten up now. Left rein Straighten missive society, for a concerned, vociferous up now. Good." minority to dominate the wishes of an un­ Everything went fine until the announcer concerned, silent majority. It matters not called for the center. The horse wasn't go­ THE CONSEQUENCES OF A PERMISSIVE SOCIETY who is just or righteous, but who prevails. ing quite fast enough when Forrest bumped A movement originates and advocates the him and Mr. Imperial balked, momentarily. overthrow of established order, but presents Forrest's hat flew off and Slim broke into HON. HENRY P. SMITH III no design by which to formulate a new code; a run down the rail to help. But before he it attacks the "law used to oppress those could get there, Forrest had the horse can­ OF NEW YORK who threaten the ruling class,"]. but manip­ tering beautifully down the track in time IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES uLates and contorts the law to achieve its with the organ music. It was the only bit of Wednesday, June 14, 1972 desires, and it despises the society, but makes trouble. no endeavor to ameliorate that society. Goals When they lined the horses up to be tied, Mr. SMITH of New York. Mr. Speaker, remain obscure and enigmatic; however, the Forrest knew he had won the challenge. in light of the lack of trust and confi­ movement steadily gains proselytes, for the Even if he didn't win a ribbon, he had com­ dence sometimes accorded to the youth populace is too perplexed to reason lucidly. pleted the ride, and save one small incident, It is not only the government which may be it was nearly perfect. Then came the an­ of our Nation, it is indeed worthy to note beset with these incursions, but the church nouncement: the fine achievements continually being may, also, experience tumult, as the ques­ "The blue ribbon in the pleasure walking accomplished by our young adults. In a tioning attitude encroaches upon church horse class goes to Mack's GoldeL Go Boy!" recent oratorical contest sponsored by orthodoxy, doctrine, and rites. Tenets, the announcer spoke and C. B. McMullan of the Knights of Columbus, western New branded as outdated, are abandoned, and a Shelbyville pulled out of line to the awards York district, Mr. Brian Bryzinski of new orthodoxy is promulgatd to complement tent and accepted the prize. North Tonawanda, N.Y., was named run­ the permissive vogue. Finally, the populace "And second place goes to Mr. Imperial, nerup, based upon his brilliant speech experiences a total loss of faith in t he gov­ owned and ridden by Forrest Cate Jr.!" ernmental system, and a wave of fear shud­ By now everyone at the show knew about and his powerful delivery. Mr. Bryzinski, ders through the society, for their trust has Forrest's challenge and there were goose 17, a senior at North Tonawanda Senior long since expired, their wisdom has been pimples and cloudy eyes hidden among the High School, will soon be attending Buck­ taxed, and that last spark of hope has been applause when Slim pulled Mr Imperial nell University. He has received numer­ extinguished. A revolution sweeps through out and led him to the awards stand. ous community awards for his many ac­ the nation, and an era of repression is in­ "I'm so proud of you," his "Nifc Marcia told complishments, amongst which are: New stituted. him when he left the ring. York State Regents Scholarship Award, Thus, the inception of permissiveness seeds "Are you really?" Forrest seemed sur­ itself in the individual, manifesting itself in prised. selected as "Youth of the Month" by the the society. The government, citizens, and "Really "she said hugging him. Exchange Club of the Tonawanda's, even the church are tainted, and the law "You should have been here,' everybody Quality Student of Tonawanda and a deriled. However, "to love the rule of the law kept saying. member of the National Honor Society. is not to minimize its imperfections and to "The Consequences of a Permissive So­ hate the law is to hate the freedom it se­ ciety," a speech by Mr. Brian Bryzinski, cures." 2 Let us enjoy the fruits of progres­ follows: sive change, rather than the spoils of permis­ siveness and repression. Most important, let SECRETARY VOLPE'S RELEASE THE CONSEQUENCES OF A PERMISSIVE OF ffiGHWAY FUNDS u s not be battered upon tht~ rocks of permis­ SOCIETY s!veness, for as the incessant waves of the A society is most robust in its youth. On sea, the malevolent effects of permissiveness HON. WILLIAM H. HARSHA aging, as most societies in the past, these are both recurrent and uncontrollable. societies succumb to permissiveness, encum­ OF OHIO bered with unresolved problems and internal IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES turmoil, as exemplefied by the Babylonians, Wednesday, June 14, 1972 the Greeks, the Egyptians, and the Romans. This renders the society easy prey for the HONOR THE AMERICAN FLAG Mr. HARSHA. Mr. Speaker, I have re­ younger, emulous nations, eager to assume ceived a letter from Secretary Volpe an­ a paramount position of importance. How­ Hon. G. V. (SONNY) MONTGOMERY nouncing that the entire $4.4 billion in ever, it is my contention that a soctety does obligational authority for the Federal­ not lapse into debility and permlssiveness OF MISSISSIPPI unless its citizens a.re, also, debilitated and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES aid highway program for fiscal year permissive. It is not the society which defines 1973 will be released as of June 15, 1972, the individual, but the individual who de­ Wednesday, June 14, 1972 on an annual basis rather than in quar­ fines the society. Mr. MONTGOMERY. Mr. Speaker, in terly amounts as has been the practice in Lack of self-discipline is the intrinsic fea­ observance of Flag Day I would like to recent years. Such funds wlll become ture of a permissive individual. It is this lack share with my colleagues the following available on July 1. of d1scipl1ne which causes h1m to lose !aith­ article which has been highly recom­ This is good news for the highway pro­ fa.ith in his religion-faith in his fenow man-faith in himself. It is this lack of dis­ mended to me by one of my constitutents, gram. Release of funds in this manner cipline which m.akes him self-centered; and wlli assure a maximum of fiexib111ty to 1t 1s this lack of disolpline which destroys his 1 Wllllam Kunstler. each State in planning and scheduling aspirations. As a result, his mo:mls may be 'James J. Kilpatrick. 20952 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 14, 1972 Cmdr. Robert W. Collins of Yazoo City tical solution. His own hard-driving in­ bound to concede, perfectly in keeping with who is retired from the U.S. Navy Re­ tensity, plus the demands he places on the swerving flight of the fleeing dove. Now serves. The article which follows, was himself as minority leader of the Senate you see him; now you don't. originally written by Clayton Rand in makes him a truly remarkable man, and 1969: I am sure that my colleagues will join me OUR AMERICAN FLAG in hailing his most recent honor by the {By Clayton Rand) Pennsylvania Association of Broadcast­ UNEASY PEACE IN THE MIDDLE Annette, the six-year-old, with amazing ers. EAST skill, reproduced in a small, neat, folded miniature pamphlet, copies of the flags of many countries, all in color, with special em­ HON. LEE H. HAMILTON SWIFI', SHIFTY FLIGHT OF THE OF INDIANA phasis on the Stars and Stripes. DOVE At the same time your scribe received from I IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES retired Commander Robert W. Collins, U.S. Wednesday, June 14, 1972 Naval Reserve, "A Chronology of Our Flag HON. BOB WILSON Laws." OF CALIFORNIA Mr. HAMILTON. Mr. Speaker, the un­ our first Flag Law was enacted by the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES easy ceasefire in the Middle East and the Continental Congress June 14, 1777; the first seeming intractable positions of the vari­ u.s. Flag Law was enacted Jan. 8, 1794, and Wednesday, June 14, 1972 the final and permanent Flag Law was ous parties to the Arab-Israeli confiict adopted April 4, 1818. It specified a. flag of Mr. BOB WILSON. Mr. Speaker, I in­ are the topics of two good New York thirteen horizontal stripes, alternating red sert in the REcoRD the following editorial Times editorials by John Oakes, the edi­ and white, with 20 white stars on a. blue by James J. Kilpatrick. tor of the editorial page, who recently field representing the states, with an addi­ The editorial follows: visited Egypt and Israel. tional star to be added on each succeeding SWIFT, SHIFTY FLIGHT OF THE DOVE In the June 12 editorial, Mr. Oakes 4th of July for every added state. argued: Flag day is designated as June 14, the date WASHINGTON.-clark Clifford, the eminent dove, last week flew a classic course through The Egyptians want Russian influence in on which the Continental Congress adopted Egypt no more than they want Israel's oc­ the first Flag Law. the House Foreign Affairs Committee. It was a dazzling performance, much applauded by cupation of the Sinai. But the one is likely The Stars and Stripes should have been to last as long as the other. unfurled and flown everywhere on June 14 the evening TV news and by the Sunday papers, but it invites a few dissenting ob­ and should fly July 4, 1969. Not in the mem­ And in his June 13 editorial, he con­ ory of the living has the Red, White and Blue servations nonetheless. cludes: been so desecrated at home and defiled I happen to live quite literally in dove abroad. Flag waving has become a. foppish country, up in the Blue Ridge Mountains, Perhaps it is just because the conflict be­ gesture to a. new breed of anti-Americans in­ and would tell you something or this mar­ tween secure borders for Israel and the de­ fected by a perverted form of patriotism. velously talented bird. Unlike the quail, mands of Palestinian nationalism seems so These desecr81tors of Old Glory should be which is constantly heard but not so often insoluble that the Israelis are content to forced to wear the stripes to designate their seen, the dove is highly visible. Unlike the ride along for a while with the present degradation. bashful woodcock, which hides in shady situation, which is clearly more tolerable for places, the audacious dove delights in public them than an immediate foreseeable alter­ attention. native. Yet the dove is notoriously the most diffi­ cult prize of the upland hunter. The dove The two editorials follow: SENATOR HUGH SCOTT HONORED owes his survival not so much to sheer speed, (From the New York Times, June 12, 1972] BY THE PENNSYLVANIA ASSOCI­ though he is deceptively swift; the genius of VIEW FROM THE CANAL ATION OF BROADCASTERS the dove lies in his skill in shifting direc­ {By John B. Oakes) tion-left, right, ba.ckwards; now skimming, now soaring. The dove always lights, as if by The small plane takes off from Tel Aviv's HON. H. JOHN HEINZ III magic, just ten yards out of range. He can local airport, nonchalantly dodges the tower­ vanish in a second. ing stack of the municipal power plant and OF PENNSYLVANIA skims down the Mediterranean coast past IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Observe the fiight of Clark Clifford: "The national security of the United States is not ancient ports and modern pipelines, then Wednesday, June 14, 1972 threatened in Vietnam, regardless of the out­ along the northern edge of some of the most come of the fighting." Here he is skimming desolate country on earth, the Sinai Penin­ Pe~­ sula. Within an easy hour the plane puts Mr. HEINZ. Mr. Speaker, the the truth. He maintains his speed: "The sylvania Association of Broadcasters pa1d small, underdeveloped non-industrial nation down at a desert airstrip marked by a. cou­ tribute to Senator HuGH ScOTT's accom­ of North Vietnam constitutes no threat to ple of huts, a handful of soldiers and the plishments as an outstanding Pennsyl­ us . .." True enough; true enough. Now he Israeli flag fluttering over the "administered vanian by awarding him its 1972 Gold territories" of Sinai. soars: "And it is equally clear that Russia The civilian visitor hops into a truck Medal, last night at the Washington Hil­ and China are not on the march in South­ manned by a middle-aged reservist doing his ton Hotel. east Asia.." But how did that get to be fortnight's active service. The car bumps The senior Senator from Pennsylvania equally clear? It is communism that is on the march, communism in whatever mask it westward past grotesque relics of the 1967 joins a select group of "native sons" so wears. war, wreckage of vehicels sprawling in the honored by this group for both initiative During his days as Secretary of Defense, desert sand like the skeletons of dinosaurs. and service to their fellow man. Clifford set no records for infallibility. It is Through the silent rubble of the city of I would like to add my voice to those Qantara, a once flourishing town utterly thus unclear why he should be regarded as a. destroyed by Egyptian artillery in the 'war paying tribute to Senator ScoTT for the fount of perfect truth and wisdom when he of attrition" and now deserted except for 'a wisdom and foresight displayed over the insists that Nixon's measures "will have no few birds, dogs and flies, there at last comes years of his distinguished public service. immediate effect on the outcome of the fight­ into view at the very edge of the Canal the His tireless concern for the welfare of ing in the South, and probably no effect for familiar paraphernalia of war: sandbags, this Nation's citizens is well chronicled many months." dugouts, barbed wire, halftracks, jeeps and in legislation he has introduced, his vot­ On the contrary, when account is given even a. few tanks and guns. to the totally different kind of war now On the far bank less than 200 feet away, ing record, and his support and outstand­ being waged, there is reason to believe that ing management of so many important a couple of Egyptian soldiers are idly fishing. Nixon's relatively bloodless measures of "de­ An Arab guard, armed with a rifle and a pair pieces of legislation. nial" may seriously inhibit a. flow of fuel and of binoculars, intently peers from his flimsy In recent years, he has undertaken the heavy weapons to the enemy. To some ob­ lookout tower on the Egyptian side of the additional challenge and responsibility servers, whose record at least matches Clif­ Canal at the visitors in civilian dress atop of being the Senate Republican leader, a ford's, it seems worth a try. the opposite embankment. Suddenly a harsh job that he has tackled with his usual Clifford's own solution, as he testified, is shout is heard from the tower (no language zest and great skill. "short and simple." He flies circles around is easier on the eye or harder on the ea.r its essence, but essentially his plan 1s for the than Arabic); one wonders if it's an end to I know from a firsthand experience of United States to admit defeat and to sur­ having worked closely with HuGH ScoTT the cease-fire that has been rigidly observed render the whole of Southeast Asia. to the by both sides on this front for almost two for many years, how characteristic it is Communists. This he describes as an "over­ years. for the Senator to apply himself day and all settlement" not incompatible with the After a. moment of tension, the Israeli night to a problem at hand and its prac- interests of Hanoi. It is a solution, one is soldiers burst into laughter; they shout back June 14, 1972 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 20953

with enthusiasm. A vigorous verbal exchange Egyptians want Russian lnfiuence in Egypt And yet there is a dangerous tendency in continues for several minutes. What's it all no more than they want Israel's occupation Israel to ignore Palestinian aspirations by about? the Israeli commander is asked. of the Sinai. But the one is likely to last as maintaining that the only authority with "When the Egyptian lookout across the canal long as the other; and neither Israel, rela­ whom Israel can negotiate in reference to-this saw you he began cursing all of us, all of our tively satisfied with things as they now exist, area is King Hussein of Jordan, whom the ancestors, and all of our children. There's nor Egypt, bursting with hatred and frus­ Israelis know is as deeply despised by many nothing for us to do," he added with a tration, seems ready to modify even the un­ West Bank Palestinians as they themselves twinkle, "but curse back." compromising tone--much less the sub­ are feared. Cursing across the canal is better than stance--of their apparently irreconcilable In any case, the longer the West Bank shooting across the canal, as everyone agrees; positions. Yet no two nations are more con­ remains an "administered area," the safer but the real question is how long the present scious of history than the Israelis and the most Israelis feel and the less inclined they quiet state of affairs will last on this, the Egyptians-and if history proves anything, seem to be to alter its present secure status. most dangerous (if least active) of all of it proves that no national rivalry or terri­ However, they are busy making it more secure Israel's embattled borders. Moshe Dayan, torial dispute is truly irreconcilable given by establishing new military settlements Israel's Minister of Defense, freely predicts the desire and the will to end it. along the Jordan. In this way, as Deputy that the Egyptians will continue to hold their Premier Allon has suggested, the most strate­ peace until after the winter (during which (From the New York Times, June 13, 1972] gic border areas on the river can be retained the Syrian airfields are unusable) but are under Israeli control if and when the bulk of likely to launch an attack next spring. This VIEW OVER THE JORDAN the territory is returned to Jordanian sov­ may be mere psychological warfare on Da­ (By John B. Oakes) ereignty. Minuscule as it is, the Jordan River yan's part; yet if no progress is made in the The paradox of Israel today is that while is a pretty good tank trap; and that is why next few months toward a peace treaty, the Israelis a:t~ surely more self-satisfied and re­ the Israelis show no present intention of re­ bitter frustrations so evident in Cairo, stead­ laxed than probably at any other time in linquishing their military position on its ily fed by Russian arms, could well explode their 25-year history, there is neither peace western bank. Even if an arrangement can into the ultimate folly, a renewal of the sus­ nor the prospect of peace as the dangerous be reached with King Hussein over the West pended war. frustrations of the surrounding Arab world Bank and the separate but related problem For the Egyptians, recognizing that they grow steadily deeper. of Jerusalem, the West Bank Palestinians will were disastrously defeated in 1967, do not From the Golan heights to Sharm el Sheik, inevitably remain as an undigested, unregen­ recognize any justification in this defeat for from the Jordan to the Suez Israelis show a erate and unreconciled force plaguing Israel's the loss of even "one inch of Egyptian terri­ proud confidence that their extraordinary relationships with the rest of the Arab world. tory" which, as they insist, has been Egypt's achievements of the past quarter-century The West Bank Arabs-torn as they are in for 5,000 years. Nor do they admit that the fully justify; but the visitor is left with an several directions by their dislike of the oc­ cession of any Egyptian land-ln the north­ uneasy feeling that the future of their em­ cupation, their contempt for Hussein, their ern Sinai, on the Straits of Tiran or anywhere battled country cannot be secure so long as new and eye-opening contacts with Israelis, else--can be reasonably considered essential its two most pressing and most proximate in­ their rising standard of living and falling to Israel's security in this missile age. Having ternational problems remain unsettled: self-esteem, their revolutionary inclinations in fact accepted the reality of Israel's exist­ Egypt, discussed in this space yesterday, and and their conservative instincts-are them­ ence, they mistrust Israel's future intentions the Palestinians. selves uncertain whether they want a state as much as the Israelis mistrust theirs-and It must be recognized from the outset of their own, some kind of federative link it is this, rather than any Ideological or ter­ that many of the several hundred thousand with Jordan, with Israel or with both. ritorial imperative, that constitutes the fun­ Arabs living in the green and fertile valleys Perhaps it is just because the confilct be­ damental barrier, even to demilitarization, of the West Bank under Israeli military oc­ tween secure borders for Israel and the de­ that neither United States nor United Na­ cupation since 1967, are economically better mands of Palestinian nationalism seem so tions nor other would be peacemakers have off than they have ever been before. With insoluble that the Israelis are content to ride yet been able to surmount. virtually free access to Israel across the old along for a while With the present situation, Having fought four wars for their very Jordanian frontier, thousands of Palestinian which is clearly more tolerable for them than existence during the past quarter century, Arabs are now working in Israeli fields and any immediate foreseeable alternative. most Israelis-from their indomitable Prime factories at the Israell wage rate, three or Minister down-refuse to belleve that the four times as much as they could conceiva­ BALTIC STATES FREEDOM COM­ ultimate Arab goal is not still to drive them bly earn in their own homeland-to the dis­ MEMORATION, JUNE 14-16 into the sea; and the unremitting barrage of tress mainly of large Arab landowners who Arab propaganda, rejecting in some cases complain bitterly that they have lost their even the very name of Israel as well as its cheap (and highly exploited) labor supply. While some Israelis worry about this in­ HON. FRANK ANNUNZIO existence, only confirms that belief. Hence the OF n.LINOIS Israelis are loath to give up their present ad­ flux of Arab labor and its potential effect in upsetting the demographic balance of the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES vantageous military position, which they are state, many others see it as a golden oppor­ convinced insures their security on the tunity to bring the Palestinian Arabs into Wednesday, June 14. 1972 ground, for what they fear would be but an­ direct contact with Israelis, leading ulti­ Mr. ANNUNZIO. Mr. Speaker, the pe­ other "scrap or paper." mately, as they hope. to closer economic, While few, even of the extreme right wing, social and-who knows-political bonds. riod of June 14-16 is a time for special argue for retention of all of the Sinai, fewer This process-augmented by the "open significance to Americans of Lithuanian, still seem to believe that they can safely bridges" policy whereby commercial traffic Estonian, and Latvian descent, as well as give up once again-as in 1956--all of the is now permitted between Israel and Jordan to all of us who are inspired by the cour­ occupied areas-through demilitarization in­ proper, and still further by the "summer age and determination of the people of stead of military control may yet be a feasi­ visitor" program under which perhaps 150,- these three nations. ble alternative. Speaking of the outpost of 000 Arabs from all over the world will be Sharm el-Sheik at the tip of the peninsula, allowed to cross the borders on temporary It was during this time, 32 years ago which guards the narrow erutrance of the permits-will necessarily be a lengthy one in June 1940, that the three Baltic States Gulf of Elat, one of Israel's most distin­ before it can bear fruit. were brutally occupied by the Red Army guished and moderate leaders observed that But- in the meanwhile such a policy of and subsequently incorporated into the "we must retain control there because we leisurely amalgam-if it can be called a poli­ Soviet Union. These actions were in di­ must never again be placed in the position cy-fails to take adequate account of the rect violation of treaties signed by Rus­ where Egypt by simply closing the straits fact that no people, including the Palestin­ sia in 1920 which recognized the inde­ can force us to declare war." So far from ian Arabs, can willingly accept a military oc­ giving it up, the Israelis have in fact already cupation. This is true no matter how gentle pendence and sovereignty of Estonia, built a hotel and are turning this isolated, (and the Israeli administration is not oner­ Latvia, and Lithuania. sun-baked mllitary post into a small tourist ous) and no matter how economically and The Soviets cynically disregarded the resort. "Moses walked, you can fly," runs the socially advantageous it may be for even promises made a mere 20 years earlier in slogan. large segments of the population. which they "voluntarily and forever" re­ Yet, in the incredibly complex arena of The burning demands of a new-found nounced all sovereign rights over the peo­ Israel's relationship with the Arab world, it nationalism can only grow, not diminish; ple and territory of the Baltic States. is Egypt that counts more than any other and while the insanely savage terrorist ac­ Arab state; and it is with Egypt that Israel tivities of extremist Palestinian groups oper­ The outrages suffered by these brave must first make peace. Egypt's population of rating from outside the "administered ter­ peoples were not, however, to end with 35 million (more than ten times that of ritories" can only be counter-productive, the military occupation. During the same Israel) is expected to double by the end of fact remains that the increasing political period in June of the next year, 1941, the century. Egyptian technology, light­ consciousness of the relatively advanced West mass deportations w.ere executed by the years behlnd Israel's, is nevertheless improv­ Bank Arabs cannot be ignored. They are as Soviet Government. Thousands of Lat­ ing. Egypt is the only Arab state whose ulti­ unlikely to be permanently absorbed by Israel vians, Lithuanians, and Estonians were mate military power, built up by Soviet as­ as they ~e to be satisfied by Indefinite con­ arrested in massive sweeps by night and sistance, is a potential menace to Israel. The tinuation of their present equivocal status. crowded into boxcars to be shipped to CXVIII--132o-Part 16 20954 EXTENSIONS OF .REMARKS June 14, 1972 Siberia and other remote parts of the So­ amendment to the State, Justice, Com­ torials, which follow, is worthy of being viet Union far from their relatives, their merce, and the judiciary appropriation printed in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD: friends, and their homelands. Still fur­ bill that sought to delete $450,000 for the REGARDING SHORT POLITICAL TALKS ther criminal deportations took place in Subversive Activities Control Board, roll­ There's a. new cause among many people the years 1944, 1948, and 1949. call No. 162. Had I been present I would dedicated to the objective of making free Mr. Speaker, during this period of have voted "no" on this amendment. government work. It's a mini-movement to solemn remembrance, let us pause to ex­ Ironically I was not present for this vote ban from television and radio all political press our admiration for the courageous because I was attending a hearing in the announcements that are shorter than five minutes. people of these three nations. Despite the House Administration Special Subcom­ The well-meaning people espousing this tragedies they have endured, the Baltic mittee on Police regarding stronger se­ cause have apparently fa.lled to note the peoples throughout the world remain curity measures for Capitol offices. This irony: in the cause of free government, they dedicated to the restoration of the inde­ hearing ·was necessitated by an attack on are urging the prohibition of one form of pendence of their respective fatherlands. Congressman nu PONT's office by a group free speech. We in the U.S. Congress can do no less of demonstrators. They say that short political ads today are than reassure them of our moral support. On June 5 I was in California attend­ dishonest and do not adequately discuss i~ ­ ing hearings as a member of a Special sues. That is indeed true of many short politi­ May the ideals of freedom and democ­ cal ads. But long political ads or talks are racy be vindicated by the gallant deter­ Ad Hoc Subcommittee of the House Com­ not necessarily any better. A campaigner who mination of the people of the Baltic mittee on Education and Labor and can write a slick 60-secoond talk finds it even States. Their sacrifices should remind us missed five rollcall votes. On rollcall No. easter to talk a slick 60-minute talk. So length all that we must continue to strive for 185, the conference report on S. 1736, the is not the factor that controls either honesty a world in which all people can have the Public Buildings Amendments of 1972, I or significant communication. opportunity to live their lives as they would have voted "yea." On rollcall No. What length does control is whether a themselves choose. 186 on H.R. 12674, to establish a National message is listened to. A short talk gets Cemetery System within the Veterans' listened to; a long talk often gets tuned out. The Lithuanian-American Community If this editorial were to go on for five minutes, of the United States of America, Inc., has Administration, I would have voted would you stay tuned? And 1! you would requested that attention be called once "yea." On rollcall No. 187 or_ H.R. 10310, not, would the cause of free government again to House Concurrent Resolution to establish the Seal Beach National benefit from this particular five-minute talk? 416 which was adopted by both the House Wildlife Refuge, I would have voted And if you would not, would the cause of and Senate during the 89th Congress. "yea." On rollcall No. 188 on H.R 14731, free government benefit from this particular I was one of the sponsors of this legisla­ to provide for the effective enforcement five-minute talk? We doubt it. That's why of the provisions of the Fish and Wild­ our editorials are short. And that's why we tion, the text of which follows: think prohibiting short political talks would H. CoN. RES. 416 life Act of 1956 prohibiting the shoot­ be an outrage to logic, as wen as to free Whereas the subjection of peoples to alien ing at birds, fish, and other animals from speech." subjugation, domination, and exploitation aircraft, I would have voted "yea." On KILL SHORT TALKS constitutes a. denial of fundamental human rollcall No. 189 on H.R. 14106, to amend There's a movement to prohibit radio and rights, is contrary to the Charter of the the Water Resources Planning Act to television stations from broa.casting 30- and United Nations, and is an impediment to authorize increased appropriations, I 60-second announcements by political can­ the promotion of world peace and coopera­ would have voted "yea." didates. We consider that a most unfortunate tion; and suggestion. Whereas all peoples have the right to self­ We say that the prohibition would result determination; by vlrture of that right they only in keeping voters more ignorant about freely determine their polltica.l status and MOVE TO KILL SHORT POLITICAL the people whose names appear on our bal­ freely pursue their economic, social, cultural, lots. We suggest also that those who are and religious development; and ANNOUNCEMENTS trying to keep short political talks o1f the Whereas the Baltic peoples of Estonia., air should know the following two facts Latvia, and Lithuania. have been forcibly about most of their fellow citizens: first, deprived of these rights by the Government HON. CHARLES S. GUBSER most people do not read detailed news about of the Soviet Union; and OF CALIFORNIA the majority of political candidates; second, Whereas the Government of the Soviet IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES they wlll not sit still for a five-minute po­ Union, through a. program of deporta.tlops litical talk. and resettlement of peoples, continues in its Wednesday, June 14, 1972 And we might add a third point: many effort to change the ethnic character of the Mr. GUBSER. Mr. Speaker, apparently of those same p~ple will sit still for the populations of the Baltic States; and right kind of sixty-second talk. Whereas it has been the firm and con­ Mr. John W. Gardner, head of "Common KLIV, which gives political candidates free sistent policy of the Government of the Cause," has made a determination that time-in 60-second packages--every time United States to support the aspirations of the American public does not possess the there's a local election, would have to have Baltic peoples for self-determination and na­ intellect which is necessary to properly to give up t~is free service. We disagree with tional independence; and interpret a 60-second political announce­ those who say that short messages lead tc­ Whereas there exist many historical, cul­ "confusion" and "distortion of issues." Real tural, and family ties between the peoples ment on radio or television. Accordingly, he has suggested that no political an­ communication-even on issues more serious of the Baltic States and the American peo­ than tooth paste and breakfast cereals­ ple: Be it nouncements be allowed which are can be created in sixty seconds or less, if Resolved by the House of Representatives shorter than 5 minutes. Lest readers of the writer really works on his message. (the Senate concurring), That the House of the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD forget I re­ As we have on this one 58 . . . 59 ...60. Representatives of the United States urge mind them that Mr. Gardner is the man the President of the United States-- who &at two seats to the left of President I also think that a letter written by (a.) to direct the attention of world opin­ Mr. Kieve under date of May 25 to Mr. ion at the United Nations and at other Lyndon Johnson on the National Security appropriate international forums and by COuncil, which formulated the policy of Gardner would shed further light upon such means as he deems appropriate, to the escalating the war in Southeast Asia. this very important subject. I therefore denial of the rights of self-determination for Radio station KLIV, in my congres­ include the text of the letter at this the peoples of Estonia., Latvia, and Lithu­ sional district, has been most energetic point: ania., and in attempting to give free time to all DEAR MR. GARDNER: The New York Times (b) to bring the force of world opinion Sunday section recently published a. quo­ to bear on behalf of the restorSJtion of these political candidates of all persuasions so tation which suggests that you support the rights to the Baltic peoples. that the public could benefit from their movement to prohibit political broadcasts 60-second statements. I consider this to which are not five minutes in length or PERSONAL ANNOUNCEMENT be outstanding public service and very longer. much in line with the public service ob­ I am dismayed by this movement, and r ligation that all broadcasting licensees beg you to consider my reason: People wm HON. VICTOR V. VEYSEY assume. However, this public service listen to one-minute talks; most people wlll not listen to five-minute talks. Couple this OF CALIFORNIA would be impossible if Mr. Gardner would axiom with the fact that radio and television IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES have his way. are mass media. and should therefore effec­ Tuesday, June 13, 1972 On two occasions Mr. Robert S. Kieve tively reach the masses, and you have a good recently editorialized on station KLIV argument in favor of one-minute talks. Mr. VEYSEY. Mr. Speaker, on May 18 regarding Mr. Gardner's proposal. Responses to the arguments against the I was unable to be present to vote on an I believe a restatement of these edi- one-minute talks are equally good: 1. Argu- June 14, 1972 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 20955 ment: You can't adequately discuss an issue with stars and stripes. It is a nation, a the United States Congress as their legiti­ in 60 seconds. people. It is the history of a success story mate spokesmen on national issues, the Response: You can. It isn't easy. But you in the long struggle of mankind to thirteen have hammered out a Black Decla­ can do it. Over the past twelve years, I have ration of Independence and a Black Bill of written hundreds of brief radio editorials achieve a land flowing with milk and Rights to be presented to the National Demo­ that do discuss issues-and, I hope, not with­ honey. cratic Party, suggesting that the concerns out some effect. Two editorials-on the issue Ours is not a perfect nation. We have and specific demands contained therein be of this letter-are enclosed. yet to reach that great American dream incorporated Into the official Democratic 2. Argument: It's those one-minute and of providing every opportunity for each Party platform. 30-second spots that create sophistry and individual to attain his greatest poten­ Since all 13 of the framers of the docu­ dishonestry in political advertising. tial. ment are registered Democrats it is logical Response: So wrong! It's not the medium that it is from that Party that they should that creates dishonesty; the medium merely But the light in this constellation of reasonably expect maximum consideration carries the message. The creator of the mes­ ours which insures that it will glow of their views, and while the document con­ sage creates the dishonesty-and he can do throughout history is that we have the tains no direct threat to Party loyalty in the that even more easily if the medium is a five­ freedom and spirit to overcome the event of Party default, some of the language minute talk than if it's a one-minute talk. problems which confront us today and strongly suggests that adverse treatment of Everything is easier in five minutes than in to make this country, which is the great­ the expressed "concerns" may result in much one. est free republic in the history of the the same kind of walkout as characterized But, Ulogical as this argument is, it carries world, even better. the 21st Congressional District Caucus, which a hint of the real problem: the one-minute in a measure inspired the Congressional spot does indeed encourage half-truths-but That flag, Mr. Speaker, is symbolic of look-a-like. not because it's brief; rather, because it our struggle for and achievement of "The new political mood permeating Black makes use of the production aids that tend to freedom, just as our Nation is the symbol America makes It imperative that the Demo­ distort truth. Music, sound effects, visual ef­ of freedom to the rest of the world. cratic Party address itself to the hopes, fects-these, if used sklllfully, can indeed dis­ Upon his return from Moscow, Presi­ aspirations, concerns and rights of Black tort truth even more easily than can the dent Nixon described his feelings when Americans-if that party expects to continue spoken word. So, if, in order to discourage the he saw the flag of the United States of to receive the support of Black voters. Be­ not-very-new trend toward exaggeration and America flying over the Kremlin. That nevolence and paternalism are unacceptable distortion in politics, you are willing to go so and will not be tolerated. The torch has far as to impose prohibition on forms of flag symbolized the efforts of our Nation passed to a new generation of Blacks who expression, those prohibitions should be di· in seeking a solution to our common no longer accommodate but confront; who rected not against the length of political problems of disease, poverty, and war. no longer plead but demand; who no longer announcements, but rather against their That flag flies over U.S. missions in submit but fight." form. The prohibition should be against the more than 100 foreign countries. These are strong and noble words to be use of music and sound effects and visual It has flown for nearly 200 years and uttering to a convention that will struggle effects; and political candidates and the sup­ to select a potential winner in a candidate porters of political candidates should be per­ as long as it remains, it will symbolize what we Americans have built for our­ who can win the approval of Governor mitted to speak on behalf of those candidates George Wallace, the political Archie Bunker for five minutes or fifteen minutes or thirty selves and what we are working to build of our time. seconds-or whatever unit of time is offered for the rest of the world. But these 13 are strong and articulate by the broadcasting station. persons who undoubtedly feel that they can What do you think of these responses? I wield an important influence on the direc­ value your opinion. And I fear your support tion of the black electorate come November. of a movement which I consider so mis­ CONGRATULATING THE BLACK The demands and concerns are not new. guided. Is it possible that you may change NEWSPAPER NETWORK They incorporate such yearnings as a Wel­ your mind? fare System with a guaranteed annual in­ Sincerely, come system; l;'n end to the Vietnam engage­ ROBERT S. KlEvE, HON. LOUIS STOKES ment and any foreign involvements; a boy­ President. OJ' OHIO cott of the African governments still en­ gaged in apartheid; the right of every Ameri­ Mr. Speaker, the world is full of people IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES can to live in a decent neighborhood, ad who set themselves up as the conscience Wednesday, June 14, 1972 infinitum. of mankind. I certainly would not make Since continued black support was never a sweeping allegation that Mr. Gardner Mr. STOKES. Mr. Speaker, the black more Vital to the survival of the Democratic belongs to this group but certainly with declaration of independence and the Party than at this moment in history, it is his suggestion that he alone should have black bill of rights have been distrib­ to be hoped that most of these basic recom­ the right censor radio broadcasting uted throughout America's black com­ mendations will find a place in the Demo­ to cratic Party platform. and determine what is good for the munity. Because this d.ccument was pre­ sented to the National Democratic Party If not, the gallant 13 will have to come American public he is in one instance at to grips with the inevitable question: least joining the above mentioned group. as a result of demands by the Congres­ "Where do we go from here?" sional Black Caucus' national constitu­ ency, its tenets have already been widely accepted by black America. A NEW CONSTELLATION-AMERICA The black newspapers are to be heart­ FLAG DAY TRIBUTE TO ily commended for disseminating infor­ OLEO Z. ZALESKI mation about this document. In my own HON. JOHN BUCHANAN city of Cleveland, the Call and Post OF ALABAMA printed the entire rr_anifesto on June HON. WILLIAM D. FORD IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 10, 1972. That same edition carried an OF MICHIGAN Wednesday, June 14, 1972 editorial upon the significance of the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES black declaration of independence and Wednesday, June 14, 1972 Mr. BUCHANAN. Mr. Speaker, this the black bill of rights. illustrious body enacted a resolution 193 The editor, Mr. W. 0. Walker, analyzed Mr. WILLIAM D. FORD. Mr. Speaker, years ago today which specified the the fact that the Congressional Black today is Flag Day, a day which we tradi­ colors and arrangement of the stars and Caucus' demands had been presented tionally set aside to pause and pay stripes for the American flag. That res­ only to the Democratic Party. He ex­ tribute to the Stars and Stripes. olution ended with the statement that pressed the hope that the demands be in­ This is a very special Flag Day for the the white stars in the blue field repre~ cluded in the Democrat's platform next city of Detroit and the surrounding com­ sented "a new constellation." month. munities in my congressional district What was then a new constellation is Mr. Walker's analysis is, as always, which are served by the Port of Detroit. today the brightest star in the world of perceptive and intelligent. I would like On May 5, 1972, the President of the nations, representing a freedom un- to share it with my colleagues today. United States issued a proclamation in known in many other countries of the The editorial follows: which he directed that the United States world community. BLACK BILL OF RIGHTS flag: What we are honoring here today is On the presumption that mlllions of black Shall hereafter be displayed at all times .not a piece of red, white, and blue cloth Americans look to the 13 black members of during the day and night, excep.t when the 20956 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 14, 1972 weather is inclement, at U.S. ports of entry know where Angela is, but Bernardine the people they have enslaved. It is in­ which are continually open. Dohrn is a fugitive, possibly in Havana. excusable that the official powers of our I am happy and proud to say that the She went to Cuba with 20 others and Government are actually being used to idea from which this proclamation returned to organize hundreds of thugs prevent Cuban exiles from liberating originated was originally proposed by for the "SDS days of rage" in Chicago their homeland. The free Cuban rally­ Mr. Oleg z. Zaleski, a customs inspector during October 1969. ing cry should be: "CUba Si, Yankee of the Port of Detroit, .which serves as Fourth. In 1962, Red Chinese opium Foundations No!'' one of Michigan's three 24-hour ports. was seized in Miami. - According to For this reason, the Port of Detroit Charles Siragusa, former Deputy Com­ has been selected as the site for a special missioner of Narcotics: flag raising ceremony being held today, That became the first concrete evidence H.R. 9970-TO ALLEVIATE THE in which the Presidential proclamation that Cuba was being used as a base for opium CRISES IN THE ELECTRIC POWER will be posted. Both Commissioner of smuggling. INDUSTRY Customs Vernon D. Acree and the Fifth. Some 3,000 U.S. students have Regional Commissioner of Customs Jack visited Cuba so far, most of them osten­ HON. ROBERT 0. TIERNAN Lacy of Chicago, Til., will be in Michigan sibly to harvest sugar cane. U.S. sources OF RHODE ISLAND to participate in this ceremony. estimate that each American student IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr. Speaker, at this point I would like harvests $83 worth of cane. Since travel to commend Customs Inspector Zaleski for each student costs Communist Cuba Wednesday, June 14, 1972 for his efforts in bringing about this $272, they lose $189 on the deal. Testi­ Mr. TIERNAN. Mr. Speaker, hearing Presidential proclamation. mony before the Senate Internal Security after hearing, meeting after meeting, This proclamation will make it pos­ Subcommittee reveals their real pur­ article after article have appeared and sible for those entering our country to pose. The students were trained in as­ disappeared which dealt with the so­ see our proud banner whether they ar­ sassination and sabotage and urged to called energy crisis. But few really ap­ rive at night or day, and I trust that bomb draft boards, "bring the clergy preciate the dimension of the problem. they will pause and reflect upon the deep into your struggle, stockpile weapons, It was, and is, only one among a host heritage that is represented in the red, ambush pigs--policemen-blow up Gov­ of crises with which we are confronted white, and blue of our U.S. flag. ernment buildings and develop inside the with every day. United States a fighting front for world As a member of the Subcommittee on revolution." Communications and Power of the Today, according to Cuban patriotic House Interstate and Foreign Commerce CUBA SI, YANKEE FOUNDATIONS resistance sources, Marie Airport is un­ Committee, I have been involved on a NO! der the command of a Russian colonel continuing basis with different aspects who supervises the replacement of Rus­ of the energy crisis, and have come to HON. JOHN G. SCHMITZ sian nuclear submarine crews for the appreciate the complexity and serious­ OF CALIFORNIA major Russian naval base at Cienfuegos, ness of the problem. At the same time, I where the Russians are now about to have become increasingly dissatisfied IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES complete an airfield of their own. Also with industry initiatives, or the lack of Wednesday, June 14, 1972 in this area, the Russians have taken them, to deal with the problem. Mr. SCHMITZ. Mr. Speaker, in Castro's over the Portugalete sugar mill and are Recently I ran across an article in the radio broadcast from Bogota, Colombia, building a missile base, which will in­ New York Times entitled: "Lindsay Seeks during the 1948 revolution, he said: clude radar, missiles, and heavy artillery. Ban on New Electric Heating in City." This is Fidel Castro, this is a Communist No Cubans are permitted in the area and The mayor apparently feels that no Revolution. We've captured the army head­ the missiles are considered "long range." more electric heating should be installed quarters, we've taken over the navy, the This could lead to another Cuban missile in Consolidated Edison's service area be­ President has been assassinated and most of crisis. cause- the cabinet members that have not been Despite Castro's continuing commit­ The continued use of electric resistance killed have been captured. ment to this kind of terrorism and ag­ heating on an "already overloaded Consoli­ gression, on November 7, 1968, the Ford dated Edison system heightens the probabill­ As former Ambassador William D. ties of brownouts." Pawley, an eyewitness to that revolution, Foundation announced a grant of $125,- described it recently on the Manion 000 of its tax-free money "to help in­ While this reported request is not Forum: crease the fund of knowledge in the critical taken by itself, I believe that It took 2500 lives and they burned down United States and other Western coun­ other aspects of the energy crisis make it over 400 buildings . . . the killings in the tries on contemporary Cuba. Funds will so. The fact is that in many areas of street were just unbelievable. principally support scholars invited to the country, new consumers are being undertake research in Cuba." The Ford Today, Castro is still training guerril­ denied access to natural gas as well. Foundation further explained that- Oil, the next most desirable energy las and planning revolutions in Cuba, The Foundation's appropriation for re­ with our own country now one of his source. for house heating, is increasingly search on Cuba was prompted by growing short m supply, due at least in part to primary targets. Examples follow: evidence that the Cubans are waiting to First. John Masefield, senior British establish professional relationships with the the artificial restraints of the oil import official responsible for airport security, North American academic community. Sev­ quota system. told an international airport security eral U.S. scholars have recently been cleared The fact is that we in the United conference recently: by Cuban authorities and by the State De­ States face the prospect of a critically Havana in 1966 organized a school for hi­ partment for travel and study in that coun­ worsening energy supply situation, short jackers. Between 1930 and 1966, hijackings try. In addition to paying travel and re­ and long term. A large part of the re­ throughout the world totalled 55. In the search expenses of scholars invited for ex­ sponsibility must be assumed by the next three years, the total was 220--four tended periods to Cuba, the funds will sup­ electric power industry, which has his­ times the previous 36 years. The results of port conferences and seminars among North Americans, Europeans and Cubans. torically failed to engage in the kind of that outrageous Havana Congress were ex­ intensive continuing research which traordinary and malevolent. What was planted by the seeds of the would enable it to meet the ever grow­ Second. In the Condade area of San Ford Foundation 3% years ago is now Ing demand. Juan, P.R., in November 1970, six bombs bearing fruit in Congress. On April 19 I am the author of a bill, H.R. 9970, were exploded in a two-block area be­ and 20 of this year several Senators and which would alleviate the crisis in the tween Howard Johnson's and Blackton's Congressmen sponsored a conference to electric power industry. It would estab­ women's wear store, with $8,000 damage. condition the American public to recog­ lish a national power grid which could The Castro-supported Federation of Uni­ nizing the Castro Red regime soon, move large blocs of power to energy versity Students was held responsible. thereby once again making it American starved areas like New York City in a Third. Angela Davis and Bernardine policy to strengthen Communist govern­ way that would enhance both economy Dohrn both visited Havana in 1969. We ments instead of trying to help liberate and efficiency. It would pioneer in the June 14, 1972 EX·TENSIONS OF REMARKS 20957 development and implementation of sympathy to my colleague and longtime stimulate or deter parents from having addi­ techniques which would enable us to friend, the Honorable En EDMONDSON. tional children. In various combinations, meet the need for electric power in a As we are all painfully aware, En and however, improvements in social and eco­ nomic welfare have consistently led to re­ way compatible with the environmental his family have recently suffered a tragic duced birth rates. Societies tnat create social values which are so important to us personal loss. Their son, John, was killed and economic conditions conducive to limit­ in maintaining a decent quality of life. early last Friday morning in an accident ing family size have created, in technical Yet no action has been taken on this near Muskogee. terxns, a "socio-economic threshold" to re­ proposal in the year since I have intro­ I knew John almost all of his life, and duced fertil1ty. duced it. he was certainly a fine boy. I know his Demographic and economic researchers An adequate supply of electric power, mother and father were very proud of have not yet produced a mathematical for­ Mr. Speaker, is a prerequisite for making him mula to represent the socio-economic condi­ and his parents had great expecta­ tions which lead to a reduced family size. progress in many areas of public con­ tions for a fine future. Literacy, sanitation, health, nutrition, op­ cern, from cleaning up the environment His loss was really a shock and my portunities for employment, housing and ed­ to strengthening the economy. The time heart goes out to the entire family. The ucation are all contributing factors whose for consideration of H.R. 9970, the only Edmondson family has suffered a great effects will vary with changes in the total way the demand for electric power can deal of tragedy in recent months and social environment. An indication of the be met in an environmentally acceptable even though words cannot be adequate at ways in which development can affect family way, is now. _ a time like this, I know everyone con­ size, however, is now available. The spread of education often has been I insert the article from the New York cerned also feels this great loss. related to reduced birth rates. In the first Times to which I referred in the RECORD place, education and literacy help people at this point. learn about contraception. Secondly, changes The article follows: in the norxns and values of educated persons LINDSAY ASKS BAN ON NEW ELECTRIC HEATING POPULATION EXPLOSION: THE are known to affect fainily size. Moreover, IN CITY ROLE OF DEVELOPMENT extended education often causes a delay in (By Edward Ranzal) marriage, as well as a longer period In which the child Is dependent on parental support. Mayor Lindsay urged the State Publlc HON. FRANK HORTON In some cases, parents will have to decide Service Commission yesterday to restrain whether to have fewer children with, or more Consolldated Edison from supplying elec­ OF NEW YORK IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES without an education. tricity for heating new buildings under con­ Some persons have attributed the popula­ struction or about to be constructed. Wednesday, June 14, 1972 tion explosion to improved health conditions. The Mayor contended that the continued While it is true that health services, ac­ use of electric resistance heating on an "al­ Mr. HORTON. Mr. Speaker, over the companied by improvements in nutrition, ready overloaded Consolidated Edison sys­ last several years there has been a sanitation and education have helped tore­ tem heightens the probabilities of brown­ great deal of discussion of the world duce death rates, it is also certain that ex­ outs." population problem. Most of us now panded health services contribute, albeit "Priorities must therefore be established more slowly, to birth rate reduction. These for the use of a diminishing supply of elec­ understand the threat implicit in the rapidly expanding rates of population services offer a natural springboard for fam­ tricity available," Mr. Lindsay said. ily planning programs. Furthermore, in many Acting on the recommendation of his In­ growth. The Overseas Development countries high survival rates must be assured terdepartmental Committee on Public Utili­ Council, a private, nonprofit organiza­ before births will be limited. In India, for ties, the Mayor wrote Joseph G. Swidler, the tion with headquarters in Washington, instance, where social, economic and re­ commission chairman, urging public hear­ D.C., has been studying the effects of ligious factors virtually require having a son ings on the matter. social and economic development on alive at the time of the father's death, It is A spokesman for the P.S.C. said its chair­ population growth and their work has still necessary to have six children In order man would have "no comment" on the May­ to be relatively certain that one male wm or's letter, but indicated that the entire shed important new light on this issue. The council's recent communique, survive. Under such conditions, improve­ Commission would take up the question of ments in child survival are a likely prerequi­ a possible public hearing. A Con Edison written by William Rich, addresses not site to acceptance of family planning. spokesman said the company disagreed with only the problem, but also some of the Availability of employment Is another fac­ the city's assessment of the situation but steps which may be taken to reduce it. tor which Influences the birth rate. In many would have no objections to public hearings Mr. Rich's conclusions bring to focus the cases, full-time employment is the key to on the rnatter. reasons why all of us need to increase other opportunities for improved welfare. The use of electricity for heating new our commitment to alleviating the basic Employment, savings and family planning buildings, the Mayor's committee reported, problems of poverty throughout the are all directly related to each other. Women "jeopardizes" the availability of power essen­ who work may postpone marriage, postpone tial to "the very existence of the city." world, and I commend this work to the having children, or decide to have only one Milton Musicus, chairman of the Mayor's attention of each of my colleagues. or two. Sending children to school instead committee, said there were 15,381 dwelling POPULATION EXPLOSION; THE ROLE OF of to work can also affect family size. As units in the city under construction or in DEVELOPMENT these patterns of child labor change, the planning stages designed to be heated by (By William Rich) cost of rearing children Increases. Psycholog­ electricity. ically, employment and child-bearing are He said that some of these dwelllngs The limits of man's natural habitat are suddenly being recognized, adding urgency both factors which tend to connote adult­ would have room air-conditioners and all hood; satisfaction of one may reduce the would be centrally metered, with no di­ to the quest for stabilization of the earth's population. As the importance of reducing need for the other. rect tenant incentive for conservation of Mobility, in both the social and geograph­ electricity. population growth becomes more apparent, however, the difficulty of achieving the goal ical sense, is likely to affect decisions to Mr. Musicus said he had been in constant have children. Mobile youths may postpone touch with Con Ed to urge the restriction of is becoming equally clear. Family planning programs have been most successful when marriage, and as young people move from electric power for heating during the present vUlages to cities or from town to town, fam­ shortage. He warned that the growing prac­ supported by improvements in the welfare of the poor. It is important, if not essential, ily ties will be broken. In some cases, hus­ tice of installing electric heat because of bands leave their fainilies for extended pe­ lower installation costs "wastes fuel and to establish certain levels of social and ma­ terial well-being before family size will be riods of work in another section of the coun­ saddles the tenants with the high costs be­ try. As women gain independent social status cause of the rising rates for electricity." voluntarily reduced. In light of these facts, it is time to take a fresh look at the popula­ they become increasingly active outside of tion problem, to consider the conditions of the home, and are inclined to limit family the human environment on which it is based, size as a result. and to determine how development efforts The factor which may do the most to cre­ JOHN MARTIN EDMONDSON can contribute to Improving those conditions. ate an environment conducive to family A SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC THRESHOLD TO LIMITED planning is based on the expansion of in­ BmTHS? terests and satisfactions beyond the tradi­ HON. PAGE BELCHER tional family. A couple living in poverty, OF OKLAHOMA Births have been described as "functions of total life." The decision to have children without fully productive jobs, without social IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES obviously is affected by many factors. There aspirations or belief that they can contribute Wednesday, June 14, 1972 are persons at every economic level who are to the progress of the society, might find either particularly fond of, or simply are not child-bearing and rearing the most impor­ Mr. BELCHER. Mr. Speaker, at this interested in raising children. There also are tant and enjoyable experiences in the lives. time I would like to express my profound cultural or political factors which can either The perception by both women and men 20958 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 14, 1972 that one can improve one's well-being, or lation is growing faster than the benefits are THE CHINESE MODEL that of the whole community, will not in it­ being distributed, and the welfare of the poor Birth rates in China also appear to be self change the value of having children. is not improving. falling. and this drop may well be related However, such additional routes to human MEXICO AND TAIWAN: DIFFERENT STRATEGIES to a combination of socio-economic progress satisfaction might provide a viable alterna­ AND DIFFERENT RESULTS and family planning similar to that found in tive to having large famUies. Examples from Mexico and Taiwan 111us­ countries such as Taiwan, Singapore and ALTERNATIVES IN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES trate how alternative development strategies South Korea. Although total economic ac­ Better health and education, less unem­ tivity, as measured by indicators such as the ployment, "modernization" . . . on the sur­ affect birth rates. The following table pre­ sents selective indicators of conditions in the GNP, is stm quite low, major social changes face, this formula seems to offer nothing two countries. seem to have dramatically altered the life new. It merely reinforces the idea that the of the average individual, and appear to "less developed countries need to develop." have created a living environment increas­ But isn't that Uke telling a starving man Taiwan Mexico ingly conducive to successful family plan­ to get something to eat? Socio-economic de­ ning programs. velopment, however, is not snyonymous with Population growth rates(percent): 1951______3. 8 ------The most extreme forms of poverty have growth of the Gross National Product 1955______3. 5 been mitigated in recent years and there has (GNP). It also means devising a strategy 1963______3. 0 3. 4 been a notable iinprovement in the standard which, while using a given level of resources, 1970 __ ------2. 2 3. 4 of living of the poorest half of the popula­ will deal with problems of poverty, unem­ lncomepercapita(l969)______$334 $606 GNPgrowthratesinthe1960's______10 I tion. China has stressed rural employment, ployment, and malnutrition so as to bring as Ratio of income (richest 20 percent to rather than industrial development, a strat­ many people as possible to a socio-economic poorest 20 percent): egy which has brought major social changes level conducive to fainily planning. 1950_------15-1 10-1 to the population group that in most other Changes in the birth rate occurred slowly 1969_------4. S-1 16-1 countries has been the last to change. and at relatively high income levels in the literacy (1970) (percent) ____ . ___ . ___ _ 85 76 Infant deaths per 1,000 births (1970) ... 19 68 A number of innovations played a role in U.S., but there are alternative strategies Unemployment and undEremploy- negligible serious this reduction in births. With respect to so­ which offer hope for a more rapid transition. mf.nt.t cial services, China has supported "barefoot In Korea and Taiwan the "threshold" at doctors", medical workers with Ininimal which the birth rate began dropping rapidly, 1 Reliable measures of undt.remployment are not available; training, who appear to have brought basic was reached at income levels under $200 per however, conditions are substantially different in the 2 countries. health care and fainily planning services to capita. In China, the same phenomenon is As a result of socio-economic iinprove­ a large part of the population. Another in­ probably occurring on a massive scale with ments in Taiwan the birth rate dropped novation is the Chinese commune--or, alter­ even lower income levels. from 46 per thousand in 1952 to 36 in 1963 natively, the production team-which gener­ One of the chief tools of socio-econoinic at which tiine a vigorous family planning ates financial and social security, formerly development strategy is careful distribution program was introduced. It fell even faster the province of a strong falnily structure. of scarce resources in order to reach a broad thereafter to 26 in 1970, which reduced the Where the new system is successful and stable segment of a given population. Take, for population growth rate to approxiinately 2.2 enough to be depended on, it 1s no longer instance, the issue of health care. The tra­ percent. In Mexico, on the other hand, the necessary to have a surviving son in order ditional approach is to build hospitals and to birth rate has only declined from 44 per to be sure of receiving support during old train medical doctors at an advanced level. thousand to 42 during the period 1952 to age, thereby reducing the need to have chil­ The side effect of such programs, however, is 1970. While the birth rate is declining in dren and causing the "socioeconomic thresh­ often that those economically well off in the a few areas, this trend has not affected the old" to drop. cities become more healthy while the condi­ majority of the Mexican population. Highly Finally, official propaganda has encouraged tion of the poor, particularly in the rural uneven distribution of income and social individuals to delay marriage and bas stressed areas, remains virtually unchanged. A recent services as well as rellgious constraints and the ideal of the small family. The combina­ report from the Agency for International De­ a lack of government support for family tion of all these changes, within the Chinese velopment on foreign assistance for the planning programs have all contributed to context, is apparently providing a successful 1970's includes in its section on health the Mexico's sustained population growth. start to stemlning China's population growth. following observation: "A.I.D.'s forty-some In terms of productivity, both countries client governments are spending about $15 can be described as "successful." The poor­ HOW SHOULD THE U.S. RESPOND TO POPULATION billion annually on health services. This ex­ est 20% of the population in Taiwan, how­ PROBLEMS? penditure has little effect on the lives of most ever, iinproved their economic standing by The most basic decisions relating to both people. [Health] Service delivery systems over 200% in the last two decades, while poverty and population growth wm be made reach 10 percent of the people or less. The the income level of the same group in Mex­ by the particular nations concerned, but the copying of developed country health appa­ ico fell by 20%. rich nations of the world control resources ratus has been expensive and inappropriate, Both Taiwan and Mexico have enjoyed which can affect both when and how other and has had comparatively little to do with the benefits of the "green revolution," the nations across the socio-econoinic threshold. reductions in mortality or ill health in the agricultural breakthrough which has yielded The U.S. must address two principal issues if less developed countries." For a given invest­ vast increases in grain production. In Mex­ the population explosion is to be effectively ment, numerous village medics with minimal ico, however, iinproved wheat harvests have checked. In the fist place, the distribution skills may contribute more to the health care contributed little to help alleviate poverty. gap which separates rich countries from poor of the people than a relative handful of In 1960 over half of this country's total ag­ must be narrowed, so that more resources are highly trained doctors or hospitals modeled ricultural output was produced on only three made available to accelerate development in after those in the United States. percent of the Mexican farms. The same the poor countries. Secondly, the transfer of Siinilar analogies can be drawn from agri­ three percent accounted for 80 percent of resources should take place in a way that cultural development. One traditional option the increase in agricultural production be­ facilltates iinproved distribution and employ­ is to invest in tractors, which often simply tween 1950 and 1960. Owners of the large­ ment patterns within the less developed replace hand laborers. The relatively large­ scale, capital-intensive, irrigated farms were countries. scale farmer wm benefit from such a pro­ by far the largest beneficiaries of the new As the United States confronts new issues gram. The employment of farm laborers, wheats In a ten-year period, the number in trade, monetary and resource policies, it however, will be drastically reduced and of landless laborers increased 43 percent, must continually seek ways to make the tools small-scale farmers may be driven out of while the average of days worked each year for development more available to the less business. An alternative investment could be dropped from 194 to 100. developed countries. Without such an effort, In Taiwan, on the other hand, land re­ the gap between rich and poor, within and made in irrigation pumps and wells or fer­ form has put strict liinits on individual tilizer, offered on credit to small-scale farm­ land holdings, so that the average farm has between countries w111 certainly widen, and ers, who could in turn expand their more only about 2.2 acres. There is also an exten­ population growth may well continue un­ labor-intensive production. sive system of farm cooperatives to provide abated. Questions of capital transfer, in turn, The central feature of such alternative credit, markets, and new technology. As a must be linked to questions of the distribu­ st rategies is that opportunities to improve result, small-scale rice farmers have been tion of wealth within the poor countries. conditions are made available to a large pro­ able to take advantage of the new crops; What will be the effect of a given capital portion of the population. All too often they have almost doubled their output 1n investment: will it be beneficial to the poor, development efforts have concentrated on the past 20 years, while at the same time or will it be inappropriate to the country's sophisticated technological or capital-inten­ sive projects. Such programs provide direct providing employment for rural dwellers. economy because it displaces labor while support only to a small elite with the expec­ Cultural, g~ographic and political condi­ adding to the coffers of the country's eco­ tation that the benefits would eventually tions in Taiwan and Mexico are vastly dif­ noinic elite? Introducing advanced tech­ trickle down to the great majority of the ferent. The iinpact of these various factors nologies into poor countries is also a ques­ population, as has happened in much of on birth rates is unclear. The differences in tionable policy where these countries need North America and Western Europe. But this development strategies, however, certainly labor-intensive production to achieve a high has not been the result. Joblessness is rising appear to be linked to differences in family level of employment. The difficulty of these in many less developed countries. The popu- size. problems, however, should not be an excuse June 14, 1972 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 20959

for ignoring the basic need for resource Increasing resources and speeding pro­ and stream and valley no more breath­ transfer. cedures in court probation offices so that de­ taking. Finally, efforts to deal with poverty and fendants can quickly be given appropriate development should be complemented by sentences on conviction. The historic significance of Harpers vigorous support for population programs Ending high-baH policies and discouraging Ferry is augmented by the fact that here and family planning research. The need to more "preventive detention" laws, because the great struggle between the North and integrate family planning programs with keeping defendants in jall frustrates the re­ South began. Possession of the site was other development projects is critical. Fam­ hab111tative process that could begin before the key to the success of the contending ilies which cross the "socio-economic thresh­ trial in many cases. armies. old" need ready access to family planning Halting the time-consuming practice in This combination of circumstances services if the birth rate is to be controlled. many courts of questioning prospective jurors individually. makes Senator RANDOLPH's address well CONCLUSION worth reading. I feel that it will be of in­ In the long-run it is difficult to imagine Tighter court administration experiments with computerized transcripts, fewer written terest to a wide variety of readers, and I how population growth can be stemmed un­ therefore request that it be printed in the less we confront the problems of widespread briefs in criminal appeals lacking novel poverty and rising unemployment. Social points of law, and shorter written opinions RECORD. justice may well be an indispensable key to by appellate judges. SPEECH BY SENATOR JENNINGS RANDOLPH the eventual reduction and stab111zation of The nation's narcotics control policy has We are gathered in a. historic area with a population growth. As the llm1ts of growth been "a dismal failure," the committee said, magnificent array of nature's good works become apparent, and as we understand adding that what is needed is "a bold new spread before us to enjoy. The rivers rush­ population problems more clearly, policies pollcy which recognizes heroin addiction not ing along, the trees that cover the earth, and that bring health, education and jobs to the as a moral problem to be dealt with through the rolling farmlands that provide food, are poor become more than a humanitarian ideal; harsh penal actions, but as a disease for the here for all of us to appreciate and use. they also emerge as a pragmatic necessity. individual addict and a health crisis for the I ca.n conceive of no finer setting in which April 13, 1972. rest of society." we could meet to enjoy. The a.rts and crafts The main function of the criminal justice of our mounta.ln heritage and commemo­ system would be to identify addicts and rate the centennial of the National Park channel them into the rehab111tative process. Service. We place pa-rticular emphasis on the The committee said the handling of vic­ programs being carried forward at Harper's AMERICAN BAR ASSOCIATION COM­ timless crimes should be transferred to non­ MI'ITEE ISSUES REPORT ON PRE­ Ferry National Historical Park. This is indeed judicial agencies, such as detoxification cen­ an appropriate location for recognition of the VENTION OF URBAN CRIME ters, narcotics treatment centers and social vital work of the West Virginia Artists and service agencies. "The handling of other non­ Craftsmen's Guild and the employees of the serious offenses, such as traffic violations and National Park Service who share a mutual HON. JOE L. EVINS housing code violations, should be transferred bond of significant contributions to the en­ OF TENNESSEE to specialized administrative bodies." joyment, education, and realization of mil­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES lions of our citizens. It is especially satisfy­ ing for me to witness the use of Harpers Ferry Wednesday, June 14, 1972 as a focal point for the display of the hand­ Mr. EVINS of Tennessee. Mr. Speaker, THE SIGNIFICANCE OF HARPERS work and talents of our artists and craftsmen the American Bar Association's Special FERRY, W.VA. who strengthen and enhance understanding Committee on Crime Prevention and and appreciation of our past. For nearly three decades, I have been involved in the park Control recently released a report with a HON. HARLEY 0. STAGGERS development of Harpers Ferry. I think we number of recommendations concerning OF WEST VIRGINIA all agree that it has been a tremendous suc­ the prevention of urban crime. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES cess, and we can look forward to even greater The several recommendations are achievements. worthy of the fullest consideration­ Wednesday, June 14, 1972 I introduced legisla-tion to designate Har­ especially the proposal for removing from per's Ferry as a Nat ional Histor.lcal Monu­ Mr. STAGGERS. Mr. Speaker, the year ment, and my involvement has been more the dockets of the courts the traffic vio­ 1972 marks the lOOth anniversary of the lations and minor offenses which occupy than that of c.legisla.tor. In addition to wish­ establishment of the National Park Serv­ ing all that is good for our State, I have an and consume much time of our judges ice. In celebration of the event, the serv­ emotional attachment to this town and to and which crowd out and delay the trial ice sponsored an arts and crafts show at this area that transcends the usual affection and litigation of serious charges. Harpers Ferry, W. Va., over a period of of a man fm' his homeland and its people. Because of the interest of my col­ several days in the early part of June. The History of Ha.rper's Ferry goes deep leagues and the American people in this Thousands of visitors accepted the in­ into our Nation's past. The town shared an most important matter, I place in the important role in the development of the vitation to attend. The featured address United States, first as a frontier outpost and RECORD an excerpt from the American of the occasion was made by the genial Bar report on urban crime. later as an important point on the trail west. and influential senior Senator from West But Harper's Ferry owes its prominence to­ The report follows: Virginia, the Honorable JENNINGS RAN­ day to the events that occurred here just RELEASE REPORT ON STUDY OF URBAN CRIME DOLPH. Senator RANDOLPH has given much over a century ago when the great social The ABA Special Committee on Crime Pre­ time and attention to the promotion of and political questions of tha.t time were vention and Control, chaired by Edward Ben­ park service operations. His interest in focused in this community. nett Williams, Washington, D.C., attorney, Harpers Ferry may be taken for granted, Many of the dilemmas faced, not only has released a 102-page report on its one-year then but now, can be more fully understood, study, entitled "New Perspectives on Urban since it is a part of what was once his if not solved, by a study of the history of this Crime." congressional district, and is now within area. The report reflects the views of the com­ the area I am most happy to serve. There is, therefore, an historical heritage mittee only. It has not been approved by the It is matter of coincidence that 1972 is here-a heritage that we recognized years House of Delegates or Board of Governors. also the centennial year of Harpers Ferry ago must be preserved as an important part In its report, the nine-member committee as an incorporated town. Its importance of the American past. Harpers Ferry not only unanimously recommended: historically covers a longer period. It was has much to tell about the maturation of the Creating a system of federally-flna.nced American nation, but from it we may learn narcotics treatment centers to dispense with­ the gateway from the North and East to partly how to cope with contemporary drawal, methadone and other treatment-­ the South and West. Pioneers from problexns. even heroin as a last resort--in a controlled Pennsylvania and New York reached the We owe much to the National Park Service medical environment. Great Valley of Virginia in colonial days for the skillful, sensitive and enthusiastic Consideration by legislatures of repealing through Harpers Ferry. In the early days manner :n. which it has approached the pres­ 4 'victlmless" crimes, such as adultery, va­ of the 19th century a canal along the ervation of Harpers Ferry. grancy, drunkenness, gambling, prostitution Potomac River and the :first railroad It is through a long history of involve­ and homosexuality, so that courts can con­ built in the Nation helped to open up the ment with the places important to the Na­ centrate on crimes that have aroused citi­ Great Plains to settlement and develop­ tion's past that the Park Service accumulated zens' fears for safety. the talent that has been so much in evidence ment. Eliminating mandatory grand jury pro­ here in the creation of the National Histori· cedures in typical street crime cases where Harpers Ferry is still the passage way cal Park, the Mather Training Center and the jury often has proved a dubious safe­ to modern vehicular tra:mc. And a mag­ the Interpretive Arts Center. guard and an expensive waste of time for the nificent portal it is. People travel to Eu­ The National Park Service also is charged prosecution and the accused. rope to view juxtapositions of mountain with great responslb1litles in addition to its 20960 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 14, 1972 stewardship of many of our most important we could meet to enjoy the arts and crafts uals using airport and aircraft facilities. historical sites. The Nation's greatest public of our mountain history and living pat­ As such incidents constitute a very real recreation areas also fall within its jurisdic­ terns. A more enlightened understanding of tion. the history-the existence-of our forefa­ threat to communications between na­ In all 50 States, the National Park Serv­ thers, in my judgment, prepares us so much tions, the world community has a col­ ice has direct management responsibility better to cope with the problems of the fu­ lective obligation to institute measures for 74 natural areas, 171 historical areas, 37 ture. We necessarily must focus on the tightening security for airline passengers. recreational areas, and the National Capital problems of a rapidly moving and fast-paced I urge my colleagues to join me in seek­ Parks-a total of 283 units in the National existence in this Twentieth Century. But ing a workable solution to this pressing Park System. And visitation in 1971 for these that does not release us from our respon­ problem. units totaled nearly 201 million persons. It is sibility to search out and understand the estimated that in 1972 this figure will in­ greatness of our heritage. It does not lessen crease by 6¥2 percent to a total of over 213 our responsibility to pass on to our children million. Harper's Ferry National Historical and young people this same understanding. MARVIN COX Park received visits by 1,130,000 persons in To study history from books alone has 1971 and the projected increase for our park proven inadequate. There must be a humani­ is ten percent annually over the next several zation of our study and learnnig process. HON. FRANK T. BOW years. And it is in this area of focusing on the hu­ OF OHIO Clearly, the management task of the Park man element in our history-in focusing on IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Service is one of great responsibility. With the people-that the activities in our arts this responsibility, the Park Service is be­ and crafts program are so vital. It is through Wednesday, June 14, 1972 coming increasingly concerned with respect the promotion of the handiwork and talents to the creation and maintenance of a clean possessed and used by our forefathers that Mr. BOW. Mr. Speaker, Marvin Cox and wholesome environment. we gain the humanization and genuine ap­ a good friend for many years and a friend Its jurisdiction and its expertise have preciation of our history and heritage. of many other Members, is retiring from placed the Park Service squarely in the thick The enjoyment, enrichment, and educa­ Federal service later this month. of the environmental struggle that is taking tion potential within our viable West Vir­ I first met Marvin when he was ad­ place in the United States today. ginia. Artists and Craftsmen Guild is truly ministrative assistant for my late and The National Park Service's involvement unique. I know that it is a potential being very dear friend, Prince H. Preston of in environmental improvement must of used to benefit citizens-young and old. And I know also that there will be greater Georgia. Our good relationship has con­ necessity be largely limited to the areas in tinued through the years while Marvin which it has direct jurisdiction. But its in­ accomplishments and successes in the fu­ fluence, gained through years of experience ture. has been a legislative liaison officer for in dealing with nature, can be widely felt. Jefferson County is fortunate that it counts USIA. There is, in fact, no unit of government­ among its good citizens the people of the I wish to include with my remarks at however small-no organization, no commu­ National Park Service and the Artists and this point an excellent article from Roll nity, no individual that is immune from in­ Craftsmen's Guild. Their work in Harper's Call concerning Marvin Cox. The article volvement in what must be the great, con­ Ferry is a splendid, though not isolated, ex­ was accompanied by a picture of Mr. tinuing challenge of our time. ample of how beneficial improvements can be Cox with the gentleman from New York Americans are concerned over the air they accomplished without detrimental side ef­ breath, the water they drink, the land, the fects. (Mr. CELLER) and the gentleman from oceans, and the atmosphere. They have We commend them and extend congratula­ Texas (Mr. PATMAN) who are the only ample reason for their concern and they are tions to their friends and associates here Members now serving who were serving making it clear that they will not longer whose contributions have made Jefferson when Marvin Cox arrived on Capitol Hill tolerate the abuses of past years. County and the Eastern Panhandle of West in 1931. The ecology explosion has taught us that Virginia and our Nation a better place in The article follows: we cannot consider things in isolation. We which to live. MARVIN Cox must, instead, look at the world in which we live as a whole, with each activity and A Capitol Hill career that began as a Con­ each part of nature relating to the rest. gressman's secretary during the Speakership This interdependence of man and nature JOINT RESOLUTION TO ESTAB­ of Nicholas Longworth when each Member and the long-range effects of our actions in­ conduoted his Congressional business in a LISH UNIFORM INTERNATIONAL one-room office will end this month with dicate that what you do here in the eastern STANDARDS TO PROTECT Affi panhandle is of concern to people living in the retirement of Marvin Cox as Congres­ Washington and even farther away. TRAVELERS sional Liaison Officer for USIA, where he has This peaceful area., with its delightful pat­ handled Congressional matters since he left tern of life, may seem a long way removed his post in the late '50's as Administrative from the problems of large metropolitan HON. DONALD W. RIEGLE, JR. Assistant to the late Georgia Congressman, areas. But the nature of the topography and OF MICHIGAN Prince H. Preston. the way the Potomac River and the Shenan­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Only two current Members, Wright Pat­ man of Texas and Emanuel Celler of New doah River flow carry the impact of your Wednesday, June 14, 1972 actions hundreds of miles away. If pollut­ York, were serving in the House when Cox ants are dumped into the stream in their Mr. RIEGLE. Mr. Speaker, I am sure began his duties with the late Homer c. Parker in 1931. headwaters, they can easily find their way our colleagues share my feeling of horror eastward to foul the water supply of millions at the May 30 massacre of 25 persons, Cox "was there" when John Nance Gar­ of people. ner was elected Speaker as the first Demo­ Conversely, demands for water in the and the wounding of countless others, at crat in that post after 14 years of Repub­ Washington area can dictate how river flows Israel's Lod International Airport. This lican control of the House, and he witnessed are controlled upstream. action, together with yesterday's bomb­ Franklin D. Roosevelt's first inaugural in Over the past year, for example, I have ing of a jet during takeoff in Detroit, 1933 when FDR told a despairing nation, traveled to many parts of the country to adds to the growing number of such in­ "the only thing we have to fear is fear it­ discuss problems of the environment with cidents around the world. Not only can self." many groups-students, business executive, the international community not con­ The allowance for Congressional "clerk government leaders, and individual citizens. done such actions in anyWay, but we hire" in those halcyon days was a fiat $5,000 In each instance, I have stressed-and I per year to be divided between two secre­ do so again today-the importance of the can no longer delay in seeking solutions taries, Cox recalls, and all Members were individual in keeping our land clean and in this problem. housed in the present Cannon House Of­ healthy. Government can do much. Industry In the wake of this carnage, we must fice building, as the Longworth building can contribute immeasurably. But without not sit back and hope for the best, "had not been completed, nor the Rayburn individual responsibility exercised by every lea~ng solutions to those concerned, building even thought of." citizen, we will never reach the goals we for m a very real sense, we are all con­ A vivid memory of the retiring veteran's have set. cerned. Threats to any air travelers con­ early New Deal days was the first political A positive reaction is taking place, and stitute threats to all air travelers, as the coup of Lyndon Johnson, then secretary to there is noticable progress in mobilizing citi­ Rep. Richard M. Kleberg of Texas. The future zen opinion and energy to remove the neglect Lod incident has graphically shown us. President rallied the eager secretaries to the of years and restore our Nation. Therefore, I have joined in cosponsor­ scores of new Members who had been swept And there is a very vital role in that restora­ ing House Joint Resolution 1222, direct­ into office in the Roosevelt 1932 landslide to tion for an understanding and appreciation ing the President to seek international have himself elected Speaker of the "Little of our cultural heritage. As I stated earlier, agreements which will establish uniform Congress," an organization of House staff I can conceive of no finer setting in which standards for the protection of individ- members which held weekly debates on cur- June 14, 1972 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 20961 rent legislative issues under the rules of the Baltic people were killed and about a Large numbers of Baltic peoples were trans­ House. million were deported to Siberia and ferred to the Soviet interior after 1940. There "Tom Camp, secretary to Rep. Ramspeck, other areas. are indicatLos Angeles County implore, with the hope of getting somewhere. of people. During this school year these ... The constitutional division of powers governments are spending nearly $47 Division of the League of California 1s the bastion of our liberties and was not de­ billion for elementary and secondary Cities and of the Southern California As­ signed e.s a battleground to display the education. sociation of Governments. For the 1970- prowess of Presidents. They just have to The National Government says it rec­ 72 term he was elected president of the work with the material that God-and t he ognizes the same fact, but its expendi­ National Association of Regional Coun­ voters-have given them." tures for education are comparatively cils. Thus phtlosophically wrote Herbert Hoover Currently he serves as a member of the 1n his Memoirs, 1929-1941. Whether and small, indeed. During the current fiscal when President Nixon, who also must deal year, for example, the Federal Govern­ board of directors of the National League with a ba.lky Democratic Congress, has sought ment spent only $3.4 billion for elemen­ of Cities, as second vice president of the enlightenment or solace in his predecessor's tary and secondary education. The Fed­ mayor's and councilman's section of the words, must be left to some future historian. eral budget proposal for the new fiscal League of California Cities, as board Suffice it for us to say that many times year is only $3.6 billion. member of the Los Angeles branch of during the past four years-and perhaps I think the Federal Government can the Urban League, and on a multitude never more so than now-he would have and ought to do better than that. of Federal, State, and local committees. found them remarkably inctsive and to the polnit. In a no-holds-barred attempt to gain Recently, the House Appropriations He is the founder of the Urban Coalition control of the Executive Mansion in No­ Committee added an additional $301 of Greater Los Angeles. vember, the opposition in the House and million to the President's education In 1969, in a campaign that received Senate, both of which rejoice in an abun­ budget and there have been what seem nationwide attention, Tom Bradley ran dance of PresidentlaJ. (and Vice-Presiden­ to me very valid efforts to add $364 mil­ for the ofiice of mayor of the city of Los tial) tlmber, have chosen to play politics lion more. Angeles. He received 42 percent of the with the nation's tax structure. ---. The bulk of this extra money would go ballots in the primary election, far sur­ front-runner for the nomination, led the passing the votes received by any of the way in Mareh, when he introduced his Tax to increase the Federal contributions to Reform Act of 1972, a revolutionary set of elementary and secondary education, other 14 candidates, and was defeated in proposa.ls aimed, in the law-maker's view, and library services, all, in my opinion, the runoff election when he fell 3.3 per­ at "closing $28 billion in tax loopholes which are&s in which the Federal Government cent short of a majority. now benefi·t the rich and the big corpora­ ought to be doing more. Even in defeat, however, Tom Bradley tions." Last month---, in what the astute We have recognized our responsibility captured the imagination and restored Eliot Janeway called a "three-pronged power play," jumped on the bandwagon with his to provide education for the American the interest in local government of hun­ dreds of thousands of citizens from every "Tax Polley Review Act," which, unless Con­ people, present and future. Now I believe gress takes affirmwtive action, would phase it is time to ful:fill that responsibility. section of Los Angeles who were moved out every so-ca.lled tax preference, 54 all by the dignity and competence of his told, by 1976. campaign, and by the integrity and ideal­ Like so many of his colleagues on Capitol ism which he projected. Hill, --- evidently would rather be Pres­ TRmUTE TO TOM BRADLEY In 30 years of service to the people of ident than right. Even in an off year like Los Angeles, Tom Bradley has been an 1969, so the record suggests, when nobody's uncommon man, a trail blazer, a balanc­ running for office, the odds are against any­ HON. ALPHONZO BELL ing, conciliating, creative infiuence in thing sensible emerging from either the OF CALIFORNIA Ways & Means Committee or a Democratic our community. He has also been an in­ Congress. That was the year, readers may re­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES spiration to men and women of his own call, when a great hue and cry arose over a Wednesday, June 14, 1972 race, and to all races, that men of good few hundred millionaires who, one way or will can make a difference in our society. another, had legally avoided paying any fed­ Mr. BELL. Mr. Speaker, on Friday For these reasons, Mr. Speaker, it is eral income tax. The result was the Tax Re­ evening, June 23, a testimonial dinner with special pleasure that I direct the form Act of 1969, a complicated, ill-conceived will be given for my friend Tom Bradley attention of the U.S. Congress to the piece of legislation now known unofficially as to honor him for 34 years of distin­ career of Councilman Tom Bra{iley of the Lawyers' and Accountants' Relief Act, which jolted the bond (notably municipal) guished service to the city of Los Angeles. Los Angeles and note that I will be join­ The second of six children, Tom was markets and, while barely denting the num­ ing his many friends at the Beverly ber of untaxed economic royalists, did plenty born in Texas; he came to Los Angeles Hilton Hotel on June 23 to show him of financial damage to far-from-rich, middle with the Bradley family in 1924 when he something of our profound admiration, management folk trying to amass a little was 7 years old; he graduated from the gratitude, and respect. capital. To judge by the behavior o'f the Los Angeles Polytechnic High School stock market, which traditionally can't stand where he was a star athlete and an out­ uncertainty, the latest spate of anti-estab­ standing student; he attended UCLA on lishment schemes may have an even greater an athletic scholarship. impact on private and public purse alike. TAX "REFORM" IS A POOR SUBSTI­ Meanwhtle, the true grievance of all tax­ Tom Bradley joined the Los Angeles TUTE FOR ECONOMY payers, large and small-the frightful waste city police department in 1940, served as of money on futile programs, documented in an officer for 21 years, and retired in a scholarly work by the far-from-conserva­ 1961 as a lieutenant, the highest rank HON. JOHN R. RARICK tive Brookings Institution-goes on and on which had then been accorded to a black OF LOUISIANA with no apparent hope of redress. Tax reform man on our police force. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES may make an effective campaign slogan; economy is, or ought to be, the watchword of In 1951, while continuing to perform Wednesday, June 14, 1972 his police duties during the day, Tom be­ good government. Demagogues, to be sure, tend to take a gan taking night classes at Southwest­ Mr. RARICK. Mr. Speaker, because economy is, or ought to be, the watch­ different view, one which has found expres­ ern University Law School. He received sion in measures on the books as well as his degree, passed the State bar exami­ word of good government, I insert an others now pending. A case in point is the nation, and was admitted to practice law interesting editorial commentary from Tax Reform Act of 1969, which, among a in California 5 years later in 1956. the June 12, 1972, issue of Barron's in host of other things, repealed the investment In 1961, retiring from the police de­ the RECORD: credit, limited accelerated depreciation in (From the Ba..r:ron's, June 12, 1972] real estate, reduced mineral depletion al­ partment, Tom opened his own law office lowances, increased levies on capital gain& UP FOR GRABs-TAX "REFORM" Is A POOR and became actively involved in politics. and pension-profit sharing plans, and, in Two years later, in the racially mixed SUBSTITUTE FOR ECONOMY a thrust at those odious beneficiaries of great but majority white lOth district, he be­ (By Robert M. Blelberg) wealth, imposed for the first time a Mini­ came the first Negro ever elected to the "No matter how much emotion a Presi­ mum Tax on otherwise sheltered income. Los Angeles City Council. He has been dent may feel Bit all these aberrations of the --- measure calls for repeal o! the ac­ democrwtic process, he cannot or, at least, celerated depreciation range system; taxa­ reelected by overwhelming margins in should not display it lest he injure the proc­ tion of capital gains at death; reduction of 1967 and 1971. ess itself. There was a choice of two courses: the oil depletion allowance from 22% to Councilman Bradley quickly became The one was to battle publicly with the 15% ; increase in the rates and lowering of June 14, 1972 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 20963 the exe-mption in the Minimum Tax cited Advisers under President Eisenhower, viewed 4, 1909, son of the late Thomas and Cora above. the House version. "Specifically, the b111 Grossnickle Kline. He was a member of For sweep and daring, --- bill makes would impair the nation's capability for everyone else look ll.ke a piker. Designated "a achieving vigorous economic growth by a the Centennial Memorial United Metho­ bill to insure Congressional review of tax number of provisions that would reduce in· dist Church where he was very active in preferences and other items which narrow centives to save and invest, including the the Otterbein Men's Bible Class. He was the income tax base, by providing now for proposed treatment of capital gains and the graduated from Frederick High School in the termination over a three-year period of reduction of incentives to invest in real 1928 and attended Devitt Preparatory existing provisions of these types," H.R. 15230 estate and in minerals resources. It would School in Washington, D.C. and the Uni­ in effect would put everything up 'for grabs. further inhibit growth by reducing-in some versity of Maryland. Thus, next year one third of the 54 "pref­ cases eliminating altogether-ways in which He had served in many civic capacities. business concerns reward management erences," including income tax exemption of For many years he was a member of the an employe's death benefit up to $5,000, achievement under present tax law. And the exemption of $100 of dividends, capital gains balance of its revenue effect, which would board of directors of St. James School. treatment for lump-sum distribution from become increasingly negative between 1970 He also was a member of the board of di­ pension funds, and percentage depletion for and 1972, would favor consumption at the rectors of the Maryland National Bank, minerals, unless re-enacted by Congress, expense of investment, thereby weakening Frederick. Mr. Kline was president and would expire. government efforts to overcome inflation as founder of R. F. Kline, Inc., and Kline In 1974, another 18--notably exclusion of well as impeding economic growth .... One Paving Co., a.~d was also chairman of sick pay from taxable income, deduction is impressed again and again that what we the board of directors of Frederick As­ from income of intangible dr1lling and de­ have here is a massive example of throwing velopment costs, capital gains on the sale out the baby with the bathwater-in this phalt Products. He was a member of the or exchange of patents and deduction of non­ case, a whole family of babies, with a few board of directors of the Maryland High­ business interest and taxes-w.)uld be under cups of bathwater." (Last year, of course, way Contractors Association and has the gun. Finally, in 1975 would come the turn Congress backtracked on some of the worst served on the board of the American of the last 18, including the retirement in­ features of "reform.") Road Builders Association. come tax credit, tax exemption on munic­ Despite all disclaimers, the new --- bill Dick Kline was a man of many inter­ ipal bonds, deductions for charitable contri­ is even more disquieting. As the National ests. His contributions to Frederick and butions and medical expenses, and provisions Association of Manufacturers stated last Frederick County will be long remem­ on capital gains. week: "Even if the inte-nt of the b111 is to In an accompanying statement,--- dis­ assure review rather than repeal, the fact bered as will his warmth and generosity. claimed any attempt to prejudge the issues. of the termination dates written into the law I and all who know him will miss this "I am in no way expressing an opinion without any compensating adjustments will outstanding citizen and friend. about the merits or demerits of any of the cause great economic uncertainty and dam­ provisions listed for review. In fact, many age the business recovery. To plan for new appear to me to be desirable under present investment and employment opportunities­ circumstances." Sentiments worthy of Pan­ not to mention the government's own budg­ NATIONAL OIL RECYCLING ACT dora, but scarcely reassuring to those who et planning-requires at least some consist­ can remember as far back as 1969, when the ency in tax policy. The prospect of three House Ways and Means Committee, which years of turmoil in which critical provisions originates all such legislation, took its last of the Code are in doubt such as the invest­ HON. CHARLES A. VANIK full-dress swipe at tax reform. Despite exten­ ment credit, depreciation treatment (all de­ OF OHIO sive hearings, which filled 15 large volumes preciation treatment, not just the recent IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES with testimony, the legislative procedure was ADR liberalization), capital gains provisions, Wednesday, June 14, 1972 slipshod: on the day before the bill was and others cou.!d paralyze financial planning scheduled to come up for a vote on the floor, for many enterprises, large and small." Mr. VANIK. Mr. Speaker, the United the Chairman called an extraordinary session In conclusion, the NAM for once has pulled States today is wasting fully one-fourth of the Committee at noon to consider the fate no punches. "Somehow the debate on tax of its total production of lubricating oils reform must recognize the underlying fiscal of seven million middle-income taxpayers by failing to take advantage of available who had somehow gotten lost in the shufHe. problem of unfettered spending growth at In a dissenting report --- was "severely all levels of government. This is what got used oil recycling technologies. This critical" of the proceedings. He pointed out the tax reform debate started again-the big waste is a national disgrace, particularly that not until July 28, six days before the re­ federal budget deficits, the hints about rais­ since most of the used oil is disposed of port was written, did the Committee get a ing taxes or introducing new taxes next year. in ways which are harmful to the en­ chance to view "any of the more than 360 While so much attention is being paid to vironment. Additionally, as the possi­ pages of this very complicated legisla· shifting of tax burdens, very few appear bility of a serious shortage of oil in the tion ... on that day, just six days ago, we concerned with expenditure control. In our United States becomes more likely, this first saw and took under consideration a view it makes much more sense to set ter­ tentative draft of a part of this b111. On that mination dates for various spending pro­ waste serves to undermine the national day, we approved some 83 pages. This same grams. We understand the Administration defense. rapid pace without any opportunity for the has a list of 110 such programs which it In light of this serious national prob­ Committee to examine the language in ad­ feels are deserving of repeal. If Congress is lem, I introduced draft legislation on De­ vance was carried on for the rest of the to embark upon the uncertain course charted cember 2 of last year, to encourage im­ week. . . . In my opinion this would be a by H.R. 15230, it at least should apply the provements in oil recycling. This legisla­ near impossible feat for even the best in· equivalent approach to the other side of the ledger.... " tion was consequently cosponsored by formed. . . . In my opinion all of these mat­ about 50 Members of the House and has ters are far too important for this type of deliberation and decisionmaking." been introduced in the Senate. Since that Small wonder that here and there things time, this legislation has been extensively went awry. Take the untaxed millionaires­ RICHARD F. KLINE, SR. reviewed by a number of conservation­ in 1966-67, according to retiring Secretary ists, environmental lawyers, and the EPA. of the Treasury Joseph Barr, who inspired It is my understanding that the EPA has the whole affair, 750 people with incomes of HON. GOODLOE E. BYRON prepared a study on the nee-d for legisla­ more than $100,000 per year, and 154 making OF MARYLAND tion in this area and has indicated that $200,000, paid no federal income tax. In 1970, while my original bill has weaknesses, it despite passage of the 1969 "reforn:.s,'' 394 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and 100 people, respecti:ely, in the same two Wednesday, June 14, 1972 would be very useful legislation. brackets, also got off scot-free. While the Therefore, I am today introducing a original targets thus suffered only a glancing Mr. BYRON. Mr. Speaker, last week, new and more comprehensive bill today, blow, others were hit harder. As reported out Frederick, Md., lost one of its most dis­ on which I have had the assistance of Dr. by the House, the 1969 measure contained a tinguished citizens, Richard F. Kline, Arnold W. Reitze, a former law profes­ back-door provision for taxing the income Sr. Dick Kline was one of the most re­ sor at Case Western Reserve University on municipal bonds; though cooler heads spected citizens of Frederick-an expe­ in my congressional district, and now a ultimately prevailed, the threat for a time rienced businessman and civic leader who dealt the tax-exempt market a body blow. professor at George Washington Univer­ (In view of --- pronounced dislike for built a small company into a large and sity's National Law Center. Dr. Reitze is this "preference," a rerun would come as no successful contracting organization. He one of the Nation's leading environmen­ surprise.) will be missed not only by his family but tal lawyers; he is currently attending the On the whole, here is how Raymond Saul­ by the entire community. Stockholm conference. I would also like nier, who headed the Council of Economic Mr. Kline was born in Frederick March to thank two of his assistants, Mr. Dennis 20964 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 14, 1972 Koehler and Mr. Jeff Howard, recent a manner which pollutes the environ­ nomic Committee, there are approxi­ graduates of George Washington Law ment is the economic one. EPA's Bernard mately 50 remaining. The capacity of the School. estimates that it may cost $1,000 to clean rerefining industry was about 300 mil­ MAGNITUDE OF THE PROBLEM up a 100-gallon oil slick in a river. He lion gallons in 1960; today that capacity In the United States, approximately concludes: is less than 150 million gallons. A few 2% billion gallons of lubricating oils are That's $10 per gallon for a waste product years ago it was generally profitable for sold annually for industrial and automo­ th81t costs on the order of 5 cents per gallon rerefiners and independent used-oil col­ tive uses. One-half of this oil is con­ to dispose of 1n an acceptable manner. lectors to pay several cents per gallon for sumed during use, and the remaining AIR POLLUTION used oil; today those seeking to dispose 1.25 billion gallons are drained periodi­ One alternative to dumping used oil of used oil often must pay several cents cally to be replaced with new oil. is burning it for heat recovery. This cre­ per gallon to have it hauled away. What Drained oil which has become physi­ ates a major air pollution problem, how­ has caused this decline in the oil re­ cally and chemically contaminated dur­ ever, since the unrefined waste oils pro­ cycling industry at a period when con­ ing use is termed "waste" or "used" oil. duce dangerous levels of metal oxides cern for the Nation's environment has In spite of the fact that used oil can when burned. The January 1971 issue of grown tremendously? The answer seems easily be recycled as much as 75 percent Fortune magazine featured an article en­ to include adverse Federal Government of all such oil available for recycling may titled "Metallic Menaces in the Environ­ actions and technological problems. be disposed of in some environmentally ment." It quotes Dr. Henry A. Schroeder In 1965 the Excise Tax Reduction Act harmful fashion. of the Dartmouth Medical School as say­ leveled a double-barreled blast at there­ WATER POLLUTION ing: refiners. Before that time there had been Because lubricating oils will not break Pollution by toxic metals is a much more a 6-cent-per-gallon tax levied on the down under the extreme temperatures serious and much more insidious problem manufacturer of lubricating oil which than is pollution by organic substances. Most was paid by the first user of that oil. and pressures for which they are de­ organic substances are degradable by nature; Since rerefiners were exempt from pay­ signed, they do not break down when dis­ no metal is degradable. carded into the environment. With the ing this tax-the tax on the original oil exception of recycling, virtually all A study prepared for the Association had already been paid-the net result "uses" found for waste or used oils are of Petroleum Rerefiners, shows that more was a 6-cent-per-gallon competitive ecologically harmful. Oil dumped on the than 1,000 pounds of metal oxides are re­ edge. The Internal Revenue Service surface of the ground penetrates that leased whenever 10,000 gallons of used changed all that in 1965, when it ruled motor oils are burned. that since these funds were to go into the ground; once this oil reaches the ground Highway Trust Fund, off-highway users, water tables, the water can no longer MASS MARKETING notably railroads, could be refunded serve as a source of potable water sup­ The problem of waste oil disposal is their full tax payments at the end of the ply. For example, in chalky rock or lime­ further exacerbated by what has literally tax year when they purchased 100 per­ stone areas, where ground water runs been a revolution in automotive oil cent new lubricating oil. The ms also through fractures in the rock formation, sales-the shift from the service station refused to allow tax refunds on any new there have been numerous cases where to the mass marketer. Service stations, oils that were used in blending rerefined minute quantities of oil have irretriev­ which in 1961 accounted for 70 percent oil. Thus the rerefiners lost their 6-cent­ ably rendered wells unfit for human of total automotive motor oil sales, saw per-gallon margin in competing for the water use. Even if diluted to a ratio of their share of the market slashed to off-highway user market, and were re­ one part of oil to a million parts of roughly 45 percent by 1971. The ma­ quired in addition to pay the 6-cent-per­ water, the taste of groundwater is af­ jority of the decrease has been taken up gallon excise tax on all new oils pur­ fected by oil. by the large chains and discount houses, chased which are necessary in the re­ Annually 150 million gallons of used which usually sell name brand lubricat­ refining blending process. oil are spread on roads. Recent tests con­ ing oils direct to consumers at substan­ Also in 1965, the Federal Trade Com­ ducted by EPA, however, have indicated tial savings. mission ruled that all containers of re­ that used oil does not perform such dust The real environmental question posed refined oil produced for sale to the pub­ suppression functions very well. It emul­ by this change in motor oil sales patterns lic had to be prominently labeled "previ­ sifies quickly during rainstorms and is: What are the people who buy their oil ously used." While a true description washes off the road or penetrates into from these sources doing with their as far as it goes, the obvious connota­ the ground. It appears that slightly larger drained waste oils? Positive incentives tion of inferiority quickly plummeted initial expenditures to purchase an oil must be developed to insure that they retail sales of rerefined oil to half the or other product designed specifically for are not merely dumped onto the ground previous level, and the industry never road use would result in a substantial or into sewers, or incinerated before dan­ recovered its share of this massive con­ long-term saving and serve to reduce the gerous contaminants are removed. sumer market. environmental damage caused by such OIL RECYCLING The effect of the FTC ruling was in­ use. A small industry of "oil rerefiners" creased by the lack of any objective Used oils which find their way into currently exists in the United States. methods for comparing recycled oil with sanitary sewer systems inhibit bacterial These rerefiners, operating their own col­ new oil. Neither the Federal Govern­ growth at sewage treatment plants, and lection facilities or contracting with in­ ment nor private oil interests have ever thereby decrease the efficiency of the dependent used oil collectors, acquire developed general performance stand­ plants. Oils entering receiving streams as used lubricating oils from varied auto­ ards or economically feasible testing efiluents from sewage treatment plants, motive and industrial sources. They re­ procedures for new oils--let alone re­ or directly from storm drainage systems refine the used oil by subjecting it to cycled oil-a failure which has largely tend to adhere to fioating particulates physical and chemical processes similar frustrated the recyclers' efforts to con­ in the stream and sink to the bottom. in nature though not in scope to those vince the public of their products' com­ The resulting bottom pollution destroys utilized in refining crude oil. The re­ parative worth. Another result of this bottom dwelling plants and lowers ma­ refined or recycled lubricating oils, after lack of comparison testing is the current rine life-often irretrievably. the addition of appropriate oil additives Federal procurement policy that all Gov­ U.S. Oil Week quoted EPA's Harold and in scme cases, after blending with ernment purchase oil must be new and Bernard on January 25, 1971, as saying: refined virgin oils to meet certain used may not be used or reconditioned. It is We polled [the Federal Water Quality Ad­ viscosity requirements, are substantially clear that the reduced drain on the Na­ ministration's] regional directors. Six of the identical to new oils and are sold for tion's oil reserves which could result nine indicated that used on, dumped into same uses as new oils of comparable from recycled oil purchases by the Fed­ sewers, 1s a serious problem 1n the sewage quality. In some instances, the recycled eral Government would be in the na­ treatment plants and has caused fires in tional interest. these plants, as well as caused treatment oil may even be superior for its intended upheaval. use to many virgin oil products. The tremendous increase in the use In 1965 there were approximately 150 of oil additives in recent years presents Perhaps the best reason that can be used-oil rerefiners; today, according to additional problems to the oil recycling advanced for not diSIPOsing used oils in recent testimony before the Joint Eco- industry. These additives, of course, have June 14, 1972 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 20965 performed some beneficial functions, any of these statutes will be difficult and ucts or selling the used oil that they col­ most notably an increase in the life of expensive, requiring elaborate adminis­ lect. certain types of oils. Automotive lubri­ trative control mechanisms. Adoption of this legislation will also cating oil, for example, is now adver­ My bill, therefore, seeks to minimize enable purchasers of automotive oils to tised as lasting for 4,000 miles, where the need to expand the size of existing return their used oil to the marketer in several years ago oil changes were rec­ administrative police forces. Several returnable, leakproof containers, thus ommended every 1,000 miles. The longer short amendments to the Internal Reve­ further insuring that used oils are re­ useful "oil life" results in a relative de­ nue Code of 1954 will simplify the tax cycled. The bill also provides that all pur­ crease in consumption. treatment given lubricating oils, increas­ chasers of automotive oil must pay a 10- These same additives, however, must ing Federal revenues by as much as $75 cent deposit on all oil purchased in these be removed in the early stages of the million. Changes in Federal Trade Com­ returnable containers, regardless of their used-oil recycling process. The very na­ mission labeling requirements for re­ size. This deposit will be refunded when ture of the additives-ability to with­ cycled oil will not increase that agency's the container is returned to any market­ stand high temperatures, great pressures, burdens. Requirements that retailers er, regardless of whether or not it con­ and complex chemical reactions-makes provide return and handling services for tains used oil. All marketers are required them extremely difficult and costly to used oils can easily be enforced by spot to provide ample disposal facilities on remove from used oil. Adding to this checking conducted at the local govern­ their premises for all used oil retumterl problem is the constant development of ment level. Provisions requiring the by consumers, and are. encouraged to DAN ROSTENKOWSKI, for his sponsorship new recycling techniques indicate that 6424, the bill will raise approximately of the Museum Services Act. This bill, the percentage of acid sludge residue can $75 million in additional tax revenue H.R. 8677, which was cosponsored by be reduced to as little as 5 percent of the each year. These additional revenues will Congressman JoHN BRADEMAS, would au­ volume of used oil processed, and can be more than cover the cost of the other thorize funds for capital improvements of a type which satisfies sanitary land­ provisions of this bill. But more im­ to existing structures. It is an attempt to fill requirements. EPA believes that this portantly, these amended tax provisions preserve many priceless treasures which new technology will prove to be more will serve to stimulate the purchase of recycled oil by industrial users. The re­ would otherwise be lost forever. attractive economically than previous In recent years a visit to the museum used oil recycling processes. moval of the 6-cent-per-gallon competi­ tive edge now given to virgin oil refiners has become an increasingly popular THE NATIONAL OIL RECYCLING ACT will once again enable recyclers of used American pastime. Increased attendance, In light of these environmental and oils to compete on the equal footing however, has unfortunately not insured energy problems, I am today introduc­ which existed prior to 1965. fiscal integrity, and museums have joined ing new legislation which I hope will go The FTC labeling requirement will be the ranks of the many institutions with far to reduce the waste and environmen­ changed by this bill so that the word rising monetary problems. tal degradation caused by our failure to "recycled" will be placed prominently DAN ROSTENKOWSKI has recognized this recycle used oil in significant quantities. on the face of all recycled oil containers. situation, and he has acted to reinvig­ This bill, rather than proposing new Fed­ This is clearly preferable to the current orate our museums. Both he and JOHN era! laws making the dumping and in­ FTC ruling requiring all recycled oils to BRADEMAs deserve not only our praise but cineration of used oils illegal, creates bear the words "previously used" on also our support. positive incentives which will lead to the their labels. Once the public is educated I would like at this time to insert those recycling of a much greater proportion on the relative merits of recycled oil, editorials into the REcoRD. of the used oils now being wasted. Dump­ and methods for quickly and econom­ [From the Chicago Daily News, June 1, 1972] ing and incineration of used oils, of ically comparing it with new oil are de­ To PRESERVE 0uR HERITAGE course, which violates existing Federal veloped-the use of recycled oil should The nation's museums have fallen on hard and State statutes, remains illegal, and increase significantly. times. More popular than ever, attracting water pollution, air pollution, and solid Another provision of this bill makes it visitors by the millions, they are pinched waste control laws of the future may well by rising costs and increasingly conscious illegal for oil companies to prohibit their that the priceless collections they hold are result in tightened controls over used service stations or other lubricating oil threatened by theft, vandalism and such oil disposal. Meaningful enforcement of retailers from stocking recycled oil prod- modern plagues as air pollution. 20966 . EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 14, 1972 Meeting the costs of preservatlon and se­ THE LOGIC OF GUN CONTROLS long guns and ·serve no real sporting purpose. curity by stlff admission fees is hardly an There are proposals (Senator Hart's blll in answer; the collections should belong to all the Senate forbidding handgun ownership, the people. Private philanthropy continues to HON. EMANUEL CELLER - for instance) that would do just this. provide a major share of museum support, as OF NEW YORK But if such legislation is too much for gun do local public tax funds, but recent surveys owners to take, there is a variety of lesser IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES indicate that more is needed. The National measures to which they should not obje~t. Council on the Arts warned early in May that Wednesday, June 14, 1972 The licensing of gun owners and registration "only a major concentrated effort . . . can of all weapons, as some bllls propose, would restore and safeguard our heritage for fu­ Mr. CELLER. Mr. Speaker, I place in not keep sportsmen from owning bona fide ture generations." the RECORD an excellent editorial which sporting weapons. The federally funded council is moving to appeared in the Christian Science Moni­ Other, stricter legislation, such as Rep. help where it can with matching grants for tor on Saturday, June 10, 1972, on the Abner Mikva's blll, would end the sale of renovat ion and preservation. In Chicago, the commend the observations made in the more handguns. It would enable those who Field Museum of Natural History, the Art In­ own handguns to keep them in their homes stitute and the Oriental Institute at the editorial to the attention of all Mem­ bers: if they must insist on such hazardous "self­ University of Ohicago have been named recip­ protection." Yet it would in effect call a halt ients of ald. But the council's grants through THE LOGIC OF GUN CONTROLS to the private firearms race in America and its National Endowment for the Arts are It is a simple fact to those of us who must avoid the kind of emotional confrontation currently at a level of only $1.2 million, and publicly deal with gun-ownership matters, which outright confiscation might entail. even if the aid is increased in the coming that the mall generated wlll run three-or­ This is a sensible legislative course, which year, as the council hopes, it will fall far four to one against gun control laws. Today's Rep. Emanuel Celler, chairman of the key short of the need. letters column is but a sampling of con gun House Judiciary Committee has included A broader aid measure is pending in Con­ control response. This mail is useful, because in his own firearms control bill. gress, co-sponsored in the House by Rept. it indicates what is right and what is faulty There are, then, legislative options which Dan Rostenkowski (D-ill.). It would provide in the public's reasoning about proposed gun could help reduce the dangers of private fire­ up to half of the cost of special projects control legislation. arms in America without doing damage to aimed at preserving and renovating cultural The most dangerous misconception about the interests of those who wish to hunt or collections that otherwise might be lost. It gun-owning is that guns are good for self­ for whom gun ownership is a matter of would authorize $40 million for that purpose. defenses. As gun law expert Franklin E. quasi-civil right. The time has surely arrived when the mu­ Zimring pointed out in a recent issue of The Unfortunately, the whole issue is clouded seums should be regarded as the custodians Nation: "Even though the great majority in the public's mind by irrelevancies. (For of our national heritage, and as such receive of handguns are kept for household self-de­ n ational support. The Rostenkowski bill instance, the analogy between auto deaths fense, it is absolutely clear that the handgun and gun deaths: By speed limits, traffic signs, (H.R. 8677) deserves speedy consideration in your house is more likely to klll you or a nd wide backing. vehicle and highway safety design regula­ a member of your family than to save your tions, government is acting to reduce auto life. In Detroit more people died in one year [From the Chicago Sun-Times, June 4, 1972] fatalities, which is more than it is doing in from handgun accidents alone than were the gun-control area.) PRESERVING PRICELESS TREASURES killed by home-invading robbers or burglars Pending gun-control proposals in Congress It was fortunate that the Dead Sea scrolls in four and a half years." are reasonable, not radical. And the dispro­ were preserved in a cave, Nancy Hanks, From the point of view of self-protection, portionate flow of letters from those opposed chairman of the National Council for the the statistics show it would be better to get to controls should not distract legislators, Arts, recently remarked. If they had been rid of one's gun than to keep it even in the or editors and their readers, from the fact kept in a mus£::m they never would have face of rising general levels of gun ownership that the majority of citizens actually favor survived. and housebreakings. There is a relationship prompt passage of gun-control laws. This may come as news to many persons between gun ownership levels and crime, who understand and appreciate the need which we wlll mention in a moment. But to preserve America's priceless museum more significantly, most gun violence does treasures but who assume that once they not occur during robberies or other such SPECIAL CEREMONIES ON are under a roof conservation is assured. criminal acts where strangers are involved. Not so, says Miss Hanks. They occur between people who know one FLAG DAY Pollution, vandalism, bad storage and another, in a moment of anger or fear. And gallery conditions are destroying an ir­ while it may be true that anything can be replaceable part of our cultural heritage. used as a weapon at such moments, guns are HON. WILLIAM J. KEATING Uncontrolled humidity, lighting and temp­ vastly more likely to lead to death-five OF OHIO erature can ruin the collections in our art, times more so than knives. Further, among IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES scien ce and history museums. guns, the cheap Saturday-night special Most museums are of local sponsorship handgun--chief target of current gun-con­ Wednesday, June 14, 1972 but the items they house are of country­ trol efforts-is particularly lethal because of Mr. KEATING. Mr. Speaker, across wide in terest. The federal government has the kind of path its small-bore bullet traces this Nation today many Americans are and should contribute to conservation costs. on impact. Hence, on the self-defense issue, observing Flag Day with special cere­ The National Council of Arts recently an­ logic argues for not owning handguns. nounced 69 grants, which must be matched Opponents of gun control regularly argue: monies honoring this country's Stars by local funds, to museums and art institu­ Get at the criminal; the gun of itself com­ and Stripes. tions, including the University of Chicago's mits no crime. As discussed above, this ig­ I would like to bring to the attention Oriental Institute, the Field Museum of nores the fact that most gun assaults or of my colleagues a special Operation Natural History, and the Art Institute of accidents occur when "crime" is not a fac­ Youth sponsored by Xavier University in Chicago. Air conditioning to prevent deteri­ tor, among persons who are not in the usual Cincinnati, Ohio. orat ion is one of the important items needed sense "criminals." Also, there appears to be This is the 21st Operation Youth pro­ in many museums. a link between general gun ownership levels More money will be needed next year and and the use of guns for crime. Again quot­ gram to be held by that school. in years to come. A bill (HR 8677) has been ing Mr. Zimring: "As self-defense gun own­ The participants are high school stu­ introduced by Reps. Dan Rostenkowski ership increased in the '60's, so did the extent dents from the entire State of Ohio who (D-Ill.) and John Brademas (D-Ind.) to to which guns were employed in robberies have finished their junior year. provide financial relief to the nation's and other criminal attacks. The most strik­ These young citizens are participating museums. Rostenkowski noted that in 30 ing data on this trend come from Detroit, in a seminar on government and pa­ years the nation's 6,000 museums have in­ where racial disorders 1n 1966 and 1967 set triotism. creased attendance figures from 30 mlllion off a wave of gun purchases. Accidental gun visits a year to 700 million. Chicago insti­ deaths tripled from 1966 to 1967, criminal They will be active in mock political tutions accommodate about 8 million gun attacks increased twice as fast as did all campaigns, conventions, elections and annually. other types of attack, and criminal gun kill­ will have special speakers, many of The very increase in traffic puts a strain ings increased 10 times as fast as klllings by them prominent Ohioans who will dis­ on the institutions, but that's what they all other means." cuss the various aspects of government. are intended for-public education and use. In our view, the estimated 200 million fire­ They will honor Flag Day with six The modern-day interest in museums, arms in the United States are simply too color guards. Brig. Gen. Homer Long of sparked by more leisure time for more peo­ many. Last year, at least a mlllion cheap ple, requires more museum help and main­ handguns were added to the total. We would Fort Knox, Ky., will be the main speaker. tenance cost. We urge Congress to give pri­ like to see the number of guns reduced­ I wish to commend the faculty and the ority to the Rostenkowskl bill; the nation's particularly handguns which are nine times students at Xavier University who have cultural heritage must be saved. more likely to cause human fatality than put forth the effort to develop such a June 14, 1972 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 20967 fine program which will surely increase ONLY FORD TINKERS He also served as past president of the interest and dedication of our young Once again, the Environmental Protection the Pennsylvania Historical Association. citizens to participate in our Govern­ Agency has demonstrated it will not swerve He was a member of the Phi Beta ment. from doing its duty. It will allow Ford Motor Kappa Honorary Society and the Mount Co. to produce its 1973 models, but won't Lebanon United Methodist Church. let it sell them until full emission-control certification is granted. Once again, the en­ Surviving are his widow, Dorothy FORD AND OUR FUTURE vironment is protected. Peterson Andrews; two sons, Kenneth There's a slight hitch. Because Ford and Malcolm; a daughter, Sharon; and doesn't want to deliver to its dealers stacks one sister, Mrs. Mary DeGolia. HON. TENO RONCJ\LIO of 1973 autos that the dealers can admire but not sell, it has decided to add 40,000 OF WYOMING cars and 65,000 trucks to its 1972 model run. THE STARS IN OUR EYES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Now the emission standard for 1972 autos Wednesday, June 14, 1972 is less stringent than for the 1973s. Which means that Ford, which would really like HON. J. HERBERT BURKE Mr. RONCALIO. Mr. Speaker, few to sell the 1973 while awaiting certification, OF FLORIDA matters surpass in importance the pol­ is in a real sense being forced to further IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES lution of our environment to present pollute the atmosphere with its 1972s. It doesn't seem like the best solution, but Wednesday, June 14, 1972 critical levels. Affiuence has paid its toll at least EPA manages to punish Ford for in effluence. The necessity for abatement its sins. We wonder, though, if Ford had Mr. BURKE of Florida. Mr. Speaker, of this threat to our planet's health and not dutifully volunteered the information on June 14, 1777, the Continental Con­ well-being has not gone unheeded in our that some of its engineers were too fast on gress declared the Stars and Stripes to own lawmaking capacity. Congress cre­ the screwdriver, would EPA have ever found be our country's national flag. There ated the Environmental Protection out? Then again, good faith has to be as­ have been many stars added to our flag Agency and armed it with sufficient pow­ sumed if this kind of program is to work over the years, and I am proud that I can er to begin the task. without EPA having to hire thousands o! join with my colleagues and those in our tailpipe sniffers. So in the absence of a But I am alarmed by recent develop­ general round o! confessions, it has to be country who recognize the many great ments in the automotive industry which assumed that of all the world's automakers, things that our Nation's flag stands for, 1ly in the face of the intent of Congress, only Ford tinkers. in this tribute on Flag Day. the EPA and the citizens of this Nation The worst part of the compromise, though, There are many in our country, how­ so deeply concerned. is that it may create a dangerous precedent. ever, who would not only destroy our Less than 2 years ago, emission stand­ The really tough emission standards, which flag but our Nation which it symbolizes, ards were laid down for the 1972-75 pe­ will add $400 to $500 to the cost of an auto, as well. Unfortunately these few who riod with each year reflecting a most are due on the 1975 models. Remembering Ford's decision to extend this year's model have burned and desecrated our flag, and stringent degree of control to result in run, an automaker might decide to dodge the those who teach and practice revolution dynamic reductions in pollution emission. new rules and at the same time gain a price for revolution's sake, know little by per­ Detroit lobbyists actively campaigned advantage: He could keep right on building sonal experience of conditions in other against these standards, spending more 1974s to the end of the century. countries. Those who have suffered as time and effort at legislative persuasion citizens of foreign countries less free than at positive research and develop­ than ours know the greatness of our ment. It now appears that the automotive country. To them the stars in our flag industry may circumvent regulatory TRffiUTE TO DR. J. CUTLER are symbolic of a heaven-sent blessing. standards altogether. ANDREWS The price of freedom is vigilance and Ford has volunteered information that the willingness of our people to make will not qualify for full emission control HON. WILLIAM S. MOORHEAD sacrifices for God and country. We could certification by the EPA prior to the dis­ lose our freedoms by taking our free­ tribution of the 1973 models. Ford deal­ OF PENNSYLVANIA doms too much for granted. We should ers, therefore, may not m9.rket the 1973 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES take time to remind ourselves that ours vehicles until EPA has certified Ford's Wednesday, June 14, 1972 is a Nation under God despite the propa­ compliance with the 1973 standards. I Mr. MOORHEAD. Mr. Speaker, it is ganda by those who would like us to be­ commend Ford for its integrity in dis­ with deep regret that I announce the lieve otherwise. qualifying itself voluntarily, but I cannot passing of a highly respected scholar Recently, on June 2, 1972, Yolanda close my eyes to the potentially disas­ Maurer, a reporter for the Fort Lauder­ trous agreement between EPA and Ford and professor, Dr. J. Cutler Andrews. The Chatham College community has dale News, one of the newspapers in my that will follow. congressional district, wrote a very In lieu of marketing its 1973 vehicles, lost a man of great intellect and hu­ manity. His guidance and counsel will thought provoking article which reveals Ford plans to add 40,000 cars and about her feelings as one who immigrated to 65,000 trucks to its present model runs. be missed. Dr. Andrews, a man whose academic our country and became a citizen. Her The long-range effect of such a deal anger at the recent desecration of Amer­ looks as though it possibly may continue successes are world reknown, died Fri­ ican flags, by some, last Memorial Day is production of its so-called present line day June 2. He was a noted historian in eloquent and thought-provoking. I com­ through 1973, through 1974, and ad in­ the field of journalism and author of a mend this article to all patriots and non­ finitum. EPA is naturally powerless number of historical books and articles. patriots because it is worth thinking against such an occurrence so it is our Two of the books, "The North Reports about: duty in Congress to legislate against the the Civil War" and "The South Reports TORTURE OFFENDERS: FLARE UP OVER FLAGS potentially destructive tactics which the Civil War,'' won wide acclaim as the could very well be employed on a much (By Yolanda Maurer) best works on the subject of the news­ I'm angry. greater scale than now contemplated by paper reporting of that war. In fact, I'm boiling mad. Ford for 1973 models. "The North Reports the Civil War" I've been mad and shaken with helpless I personally have grave doubts won the Kappa Alpha Tau Award anger ever since the news of the desecration whether Ford or any other producer for outstanding research in the history of of the fiags on Memorial Day by local vandals should be permitted to market even a came out in the paper. limited number of 1972 vehicles after journalism. Normally, I don't take too kindly to flag­ December 31, 1972, unless 1973 standards A graduate of Ohio Wesleyan College, wavers and patriotic speech makers. for emissions are met. Dr. Andrews received his doctorate in I figure that love for your country is as Time has come to recognize that we history from Harvard University in 1936. natural as love for your family: you don't He was a member of a number of his­ have to talk about it all the time to convince are between a rock and a hard spot. The yourself or others of it. June 8 issue of the Wall Street Journal torical associations including the Ameri­ Besides, I've seen too many dictators in my speculates that quite possibly Ford will can, Pennsylvania, Western Pennsyl­ days use narrow nationalism 1n guise of pa­ solve the dilemma by merely producing vania. and Mississippi Valley Historical triotism not to be afraid by certain ways of 1974's to the end of the century: Associations. waving the fiag ... 20968 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 14, 1972 But !or anyone to abuse the American GO SLOW ON THE FAST BREEDER neutrons that perpetuate the process. Any ftag-and on the graves of soldiers besides is REACTOR severe overheating or mechanical disturbance too much. would expel the essential water and end It whoever did it is found, I think that in the plant's shutting down. fines or even prison would be ridiculous. The LMFBR, however, relies on plutonium I think we should re-instate the good old HON. JONATHAN B. BINGHAM OF NEW YORK fuel, and the slowing of neutrons is unnec­ torture system of the medieval days-and let essary-it is called a "fast" reactor for this them have a little of it at a time ... tor each IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES reason. Any outside force disturbing the soldier who died for that :flag. Wednesday, June 14, 1972 fuel, or any agent which leads to overheat­ This may seem like a pretty violent reac­ ing, may cause compaction of the plutonium, tion to you. Mr. BINGHAM. Mr. Speaker, the so that nuclear reactions, instead of being So maybe it is. House Appropriations Committee is in halted as in present plants, may be acceler­ Maybe it is because I remember how I saw the process this week and next of mark­ ated. The consequence might be a. nuclear the American :flag close-up for the :first time. ing up the 1973 appropriations bill for explosion, which would release enormous It was through the bars of a mllltary prison quantities of radioactive materials, includ­ in North Africa, where the Germans had im­ the Atomic Energy Commission. Among the issues which the committee and the ing plutonium, to the general environment. prisoned a group of hostages. I was one of Plutonium is one of the most toxic mate­ them. House must face on this bill is whether rials known, and even without a severe acci­ We had been there for a few weeks, and we should commit the United States to dent, the existence of a large number of we knew that our only chance of not being rapid development of a demonstration LMFBRs could result in plutonium con­ shot was it the Americans made it on time. project on the liquid metal fast breeder tamination of the environment. The chair­ There had been the sound of battle raging reactor-LMFBR. Although the Nixon man of the Atomic Energy Commission, outside all that night, and, at dawn, !rom Glenn Seaborg, estimates that in 30 years, inside the jail, we didn't know who had administration and the AEC are push­ ing such action, responsible scientific at whLch time he expects LMFBRs to gener­ finally won ... ate a. large share of the country's electric Suddenly, there were shouts outside, and public opinion has raised serious power, almost 100 tons of plutonium will be trucks driving up, men getting off ... men questions concerning the hazards to pub­ produced annually. running through the corridors, doors bang­ lic safety and the environment from con­ This enormous production of plutonium ing open all the way down the halls ... and struction and operation of the LMFBR. suddenly, they were there! and the resulting fuel efficiency are actually The Americans were there ... tall, hand­ I share their concern and last March the principal motives for the construction of some, dirty, smiling, grinning, kissing, look­ urged the Joint Atomic Energy Commit­ LMFBRs, which are designed to produce more ing to us like the Angels from Heaven them­ tee not to move beyond the R. & D. stage plutonium than they burn. The reactor itself selves ... on the fast breeder reactor, but to pursue will consist of a central core, in which plu­ And behind them, in the bright sunlight actively alternative sources of energy, tonium will be split to produce heat, and an ot the courtyard, a sun we hadn't seen for outer "blanket" of uranium-238, the com­ including a demonstration of coal gasi­ mon form of the element. Neutrons produced many a day, there was a beautiful :flag wav­ fication and making feasible the use of ing gently in the sun, a :flag full of stars and by the splitting of plutonium will slowly stripes, the :flag of America. solar energy -and nuclear fusion. transform the uranium in the blanket into We had waited four long years of shame, Two articles which concisei.y detail the more plutonium, which can be extracted and frustration and anger to see this :flag fly problems with the LMFBR are "Another burned as fuel. freely-with all that stands behind it. SST" prepared by the Committee for En­ Uranium, therefore, is the actual source Nothing since, except the sight of a loved vironmental Information which ap­ of energy for the LMFBR, as it is for current face--has ever looked as beautiful to me. nuclear plants. The LMFBR, however, con­ peared in the July-August 1971, issue of verts the uranium into plutonium, which is This is perhaps why I take the desecration Environment and "The Breeder: Abort It of the :flag as a personal injury. burned as more plutonium is made. I am not American-born. Before It Multiplies," by Sam Love, which The advantages of this process are eco­ America is my country by adoption, by appeared in the April 1, 1972 issue of nomic. Only a small fraction-less than one choice, so to speak. Environmental Action. percent--of uranium as it is mined is suit­ Sometimes, people love their adopted chil­ I commend both of these articles to the able for nuclear fission. To serve as fuel, the dren even more than their natural ones. Members for their serious consideration. proportion of this "fissionable" material­ Because they didn't just happen to be The following is the text of the articles the rare isotope uranium-235--must be in­ born. on the liquid metal fast breeder reactor: creased at great expense. They were chosen, selected, desired, and In the LMFBR, however, ordinary uranium, ANOTHER SST? wanted eagerly. the common isotope uranium-238, is con­ You have some of these same feelings On May 26, THE SCientists' Institute for verted into plutonium, which serves directly when you "choose" a country and renounce Public Information (SIPI) filed a complaint as fuel in the plant. The expensive separation that of your birth. in federal court charging the U.S. Atomic of the two uranium isotopes is avoided and, You can't stand to see it abused, debased Energy Commission with violation of the presumably, the LMFBR would be able to or vilified. National Environmental Protection Act. This produce correspondingly cheaper electricity. This doesn't mean that you are blind and action was announced at a press conference As a side benefit, reserves of uranium would deaf to its shortcomings and its failures. by Dr. Margaret Mead, president of SIPI. We be conserved. Which would be a form of stupidity. have asked the U.S. District Court of the These economic benefits are highly specu­ It's just that, with all the things wrong D1strict of Columbia to require the Atomic lative, since the design for a. working LMFBR with America-and believe me, I know them Energy Commission to consider alternatives has not been chosen. The first commercial all-1 still can see all the things right with to its program for the development and effort to build such a plant, the Enrico Fermi it. proliferation of a new type of nucle.!tr power Nuclear Power Plant near Detroit, Michigan, America-and the :flag for which it plant, a. program which is to cost at least has been a financial and technical failure. It stands-has fed half the earth in times of two billion dollars in federal funds, and to has not succeeded in producing more than need, has spanned the cosmos to walk on the issue a statement required by the National a trickle of electric power (a fossil-fueled Moon, has built more courtrooms to keep its Environmental Policy Act describing these plant has been built to supplement it), nor people free, and more classrooms to educate alternatives and the potential impact of this has it produced any plutonium. It was shut them than any one else, has made the world program on the environment. SIPI is repre­ down in 1966 after an accident, and only re­ safe from disease, and continues to do so, sented in this action by attorneys associated cently has begun to operate again on an ex­ has been the first to come to the rescue of with the Natural Resources Defense Council, perimental basis. every country in the world struck by a na­ a public-interest law firm. Assuming that a commercially attractive tural calamity. The program in question is the develop­ LMFBR is designed, it will depend on an ex­ America, rebuffed by other ideologies, for­ ment and proliferation of the so-called Liq­ panding power industry. Calculations show­ getting that it is the mightest of them all. uid-Metal-Cooled Fast Breeder Reactor ing economic benefits from the LMFBR as­ stlll tries with good faith and hum111ty to (LMFBR), which is a. kind of nuclear power sume that electric power production will con­ build a. bridge to live with others in under- plant in which plutonium serves as fuel. tinue to grow at roughly its present rapid standing and peace. This type of power plant will h&.VE: a number rate well beyond the end of the century. Its President, putting pride aside, takes of serious disadvantages, primarily because Should the power industry cease to grow the first steps and covers the world 1n search of the use of plutonium. Nuclear power or even grow very much more slowly over of that peace and understanding. plants of the type now being constructed the next 30 to 50 years, the LMFBR would What other country could you pick to rely on the splitting of uranium atoms to become a financialllabllity. Its attraction lies "adopt" that would make you prouder? produce i;.he heat that is ultimately turned in the rapid production of more plutonium And, when hippie-like, I say: "Keep the into electricity. Although present nuclear for further power plants-but it new plants faith, baby", the kind of faith I mean is in plants have drawbacks, the way in which are no longer needed, the fuel will be un­ America-and the flag which stands !or it. they are designed includes safety features. necessary, and the plants themselves will be Those who have forsaken even this faith The splitting of uranium atoms in the fuel more costly than their predecessors. must know inside, the darkness of Hell. relies on the presence of water to slow the It is by no means necessary or certain that June 14, 1972 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 20969 electric power production will continue to made its second round of authorization and of the decision is being considered by the grow at present rates. The limited abllity of appropriation requests to Congress since the scientists' group. the environment to absorb waste heat and act's passage. Again these requests were not I! the court rules that an environmental pollutants wlll compel a slowing or even a accompanied by a NEPA statement as the law impact statement on the entire program is reversal of this growth. The Atomic Energy requires. As a result of the AEC's neglect of necessary, more information on the AEC's Commission, however, by conducting a mas­ this important nondiscretionary duty, the breeder program plans wlll be available for sive program on the assumption that growth public and the Congress have been deprived public scrutiny. Enough information is avail­ will continue, is actually helping to fulfill its of the careful assessment and robust public able now that a. considerable number of own prophecy. A massive federal invest­ discussion that NEPA was designed to stimu­ scientists believe that a commitment to the ment in new power production facllities is late. LMFBR as our principal future energy source a partial assurance that they will be used. While the AEC has committed itself to is a. mistake. The desirabllity of such rapid and con­ circulate NEPA statements on individual nu­ The very process which makes the breeder tinued growth is questionable on many clear reactors as they are built and licensed, attractive is also its most controversial fea­ grounds. The development of the LMFBR, such statements are quite inadequate for ture. It is unique because it potentially can which is justified by continuation of this considering the LMFBR program as a whole create more fuel than it consumes. This is growth, would therefore seem to be open to and in comparison With the appropriate al­ possible because non-fissionable uranium (U- question. ternatives. Although necessary, an investiga­ 238), which cannot be used by the present Even assuming the continued growth of tion of individual reactor fac111ties and siting generation of nuclear reactors, can be con­ electric power production, however, there are is no substitute for the timely and thorough verted in the breeder into a. man-made fis­ a variety of energy sources which do not assessment of what has become the nation's sionable element, plutonium. Because U-238 suffer from the considerable drawbacks of the highest priority energy program. is more abundant than the isotope U-235 LMFBR. The production of plutonium which is used by present reactors, the breed­ carries with it a unique risk of contamina­ THE BREEDER; ABORT !T BEFORE IT MULTIPLIES er requires less mining of uranium. Also, it tion of the environment through catastroph­ (By Sam Love) will not need to have its fuel prepared by the ic accident and through routine careless­ Some time in th~ next few months Con­ expensive isotope separation process neces­ ness. The shipping, handling, and long-term gress will decide whether funds should be sary to create fuel for present reactors, so the storage of radioactive wastes from nuclear voted for an Atomic Energy Commission AEC envisions breeders producing electricity reactors will be a massive environmental program to commercially develop and prolif­ at a. lower cost than conventional methods of hazard for generations succeeding ours. An erate a new type of nuclear reactor, the production. Because a price reduction is de­ additional hazard, perhaps a more serious Liquid Metal Cooled Fast Breeder Reactor pendent on proliferation, the AEC contends one, is of illegal diversion of plutonium to (LMFBR) . Its salesmen at the AEC tout this that a large number of breeders is necessary. military uses. The Atomic Energy Commis­ reactor, which can make more fuel than it But as America has found out With the sion itself has called attention to the hazards uses, as the realization of mankind's dream present reactors, everything that glows is not of a black market in plutonium, which Glenn of finding a perpetual motion machine. Its golden. Proliferation of the LMFBRs will Seaborg predicts when the electric utllities critics find its potential for environmental necessitate the movement of large amounts have been converted to what he calls "the destruction staggering. of plutonium between reactors, fuel reproc­ plutonium economy of the future." At a time when the new chairman of the essing facilities and waste disposal sites. I! Alternative methods of producing electric some plutonium escapes into the environ­ AEC, Dr. James Schlesinger, is publicly s~at­ power without these hazards range from dif­ ing before such audiences as the Atomic In­ ment through accident or sabotage, the re­ ferent designs of nuclear power plants to dustrial Forum that his agency is no longer sults could be disastrous. With a half-life of solar, tidal, and geothermal energy, which in the business of promoting nuclear energy, 24,000 years, plutonium is radioactive far draw on the polluton-free resources of sun­ the LMFBR program is being promoted to an longer than the relatively short half-lives light, tides, and subterranean heat. More ef­ extent that is unmatched by any other pro­ (about 15 years) of the by-products of to­ ficient and cleaner means for utilizing coal, gram. This salesmanship plus at least two bil­ day's light water reactors. It is also far more oil, and natural gas are also under develop­ lion dollars of federal funds by 1980 will give dangerous--a. speck on the lungs can be fatal. ment. Perhaps most significant for the long the breeder reactor a momentum that is At this point it appears that the LMFBR term is the development of fusion reactors, much greater than any alternative energy may have a. greater potential for accident which would not produce the quantities of source. than the reactors in use today. An article in dangerous wastes associated with today's re­ This year Congress is being asked for over the September 10, 1971 issue of Science, en­ actors and the LMFBR. Research and de­ $230 million for breeder research and for the titled "Radiation-Induced Swelling of Stain­ velopment of fusion reactors have been re­ construction of a demonstrator plant. This less Steel," outlines how the intense neutron duced as a result of the crash program to electrical generating plant will be built in bombardment which occurs in the LMFBR develop LMFBRs. cooperation with a. private ut111ty for the pur­ produces changes in the size of the structural The AEC is promoting the LMFBR to an pose of demonstrating the commercial feasi­ materials which surround it. This can result extent unmatched by any other program, bllity of the breeder. According to the AEC, in swelling of metals used in the construction public or private, for developing new or im­ of the reactor core. These changes in the proved means for generating electricity. The two or three such units should be operating by 1980. tolerances in the core can affect coolant flow great expense and long lead-times associated Research on the LMFBR and other breeder and they might precipitate the overheating of with the development of new energy tech­ designs has been underway for years but it is the core and the melting of the plutonium. nologies will give the LMFBR development only recently that the decision has been Another problem which plagues breeder de­ program an irreversible momentum unless made by the AEC to give top priority to an signers is fuel handling. The advantage of the environmental hazards and alternatives to LMFBR cooled with liquid sodium. As the breeder is that plutonium will be generated, LMFBR are considered now. agency's plans for the commercial develop­ but retrieving the newly-created radioactive The National Environmental Protection ment of the LMFBR have become known, the substance necessitates much more frequent Act requires the Atomic Energy Commission controversy has heightened. fuel handling than is necessary in today's re­ to consider these alternatives before proceed­ On May 26, 1971, the Scientists' Institute actors. The systems for handling the fuel are ing with its program for the commercial de­ for Public Information (SIP!) and the Natu­ described by the Atomic Energy Commission velopment of LMFBRs, and to publish its con­ ral Resources Defense Council (NRDC) filed in their LMFBR feasibility study as "the most siderations, along With its judgment of the suit in federal court charging that the AEC complex feature of an LMFBR." Their study environmental impact of the proposed pro­ had violated the National Environmental Pol­ suggests that fuel handling features should gram and alternatives, in a statement to be icy Act by not preparing a statement on the be given top priority for research. circulated for public comment and review environmental impact of the breeder pro­ Once the plutonium is lifted from its birth and to accompany its request for funds from gram. A few months later, President Richard place in the reactor core, it must be trans­ Congress. Nixon released a. statement of support for the ported to a. fuel reprocessing plant so that it SIP! believes it is of the greatest importance LMFBR program and said that the AEC can be made into new fuel elements. Should that the environmental impact of the LMFBR would prepare a NEPA statement on the in­ an accident occur-a major concern of those development program and the alternatives to dividual demonstrator plants. critical of the LMFBR program-plutonium that program be given full consideration, and The decision by the AEC and the Presi­ could leak out of the cylinders during tran­ has therefore taken legal action to compel dent to prepare a. statement on indvidual sit. Another fear surrounding plutonium the Atomic Energy Commission to do so. The plants did not answer the charges of the movement is that some of the material may National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) SIP! suit. The issues raised by the scientists' be diverted for use by unauthorized parties. became effective in January 1970, and in our group deal with the environmental impact of The diversion of a. relatively small amount is view the AEC should have prepared the re­ constructing large numbers of plants (the all that is needed to construct a nuclear quired statement last year in connection with AEC projects 600 LMFBRs will be on line by bomb. This is a point of serious concern in its proposal to Congress for funding of the the year 2000), the dangers associated with the SIPI lawsuit and 1n an April 9, 1971 arti­ LMFBR program. But no such statement was shipping large amounts of radioactive plu­ cle in Science entitled "Plutonium: Reactor prepared. The shortness of time and the tonium, the waste problems associated with Proliferation Threatens a Nuclear Black agency's unfamiliarity with NEPA perhaps the breeder and other questions. The SIPI­ Market." provided some excuse for the AEC's neglect NRDC motion to get an environmental im­ In referring to the problem of safeguard­ last year. However, NEPA has now been ef­ pact statement on the program has been de­ ing plutonium, Ralph Lumb, chairman of a fective seventeen months, and the AEC has nied by a. district court judge, but an appeal 1967 AEC advisory committee on sa.!eguard- 20970 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 14, 1972 1ng materials, said in Science that it is "like though a series of operating problems de­ {b) Free transit through and over inter- any other buslnea.s •.. the more you have layed sustained power-demonS'tratlon runs, national straits. · of something, the more you're going to lose." the Fermi plant has provided valuable in­ (c) The nature of the international regime At a present price of $10,000 per kilogram, sight into some of the problems that may and machinery in the area beyond coastal plutonium is five times as costly as heroin face large, commercial breedeT planta." Those State economic jurisdiction. and ten times as expensive as gold. "operating problems" included major equip­ (d) The nature of the legal regime for the AEC studies on the posslbillty of black­ ment failures, defective accident warning in­ control of marine pollution beyond 12 miles. market diversion are classified, but enough struments, and a core meltdown which re­ With your permission, Mr. Chairman, I will information has been made publlc to reveal leased radiation in the plant and put it out be happy to supply the Committee, for the that diversion of plutonium for nuclear of operation for about five years. Now, it is record, with copies of certain sta.tement\S we weapons construction is a definite posslbillty opemting again at low power. have made explaining our position on these if the breeder proliferates. But until large In spite of an the problems that surround substantive issues in greater deta.U. How­ quantities of plutonium are available, the the breeder, Congrea.s appears ready to give ever, in view of the widespread interest problem will not be as serious because fuel a full go-ahead to the AEC's plans to let the among developing countries in a 200-mile cores for present reactors contain uranium breeder become the flag ship of America's exclusive coastal State economic zone beyond enriched to only three percent whereas alternative energy fieet. One reason the the territorial sea, and the fact that some bomb-grade uranium requires about a 90 LMFBR is receiving the red carpet treatment have included pollution control within this percent enrichment. in the halls of Congress is t he scare-talk of concept, I would like to outline our principal The problems of thermal pollution and blackout\S that the utilities ha ve used to objections to such exclusive resource jurisdic­ waste disposal which plague present nuclear camouflage the issues of energy waste, and tion and to comment briefly on the pollution reactors wlll also curse the breeder. Although the production lag which has resulted from question. the LMFBR wlll generate a slightly smaller earlier AEC projections that have not been Problems with the Exclusive Resource Zone quantity of radioactive waste material, its realized. Yea.rs of AEC and ut1Uty salesman­ waste will contain more plutonium than ordi­ ship have conditioned the publlc and Con­ First, let me make it clear that we are nary waste. This plutonium residue makes it gress not to question energy product ion not opposed to delegating extensive controls more dangerous than our present radioactive pLans; yet, the real answers are only going to over resources to coastal States in broad legacy of over 100 mllllon gallons. be found when the light of public d1scussion areas beyond the territorial sea as part of an The amount of thermal pollution the illumillaltes the blackout issue. agreed Law of the Sea settlement. LMFBR causes will also be slightly less than However, it is our view that these controls our present reactors because of its unique must be based on an express delegation of liquid metal cooling system. Liquid sodium authority from the international community, must take into account community interests, will be circulated in 2 closed loops inside the U.N. LAW OF THE SEA REPORT: reactor. Sodium has been selected because of and must be accompanied by coastal State its heat t ransfer properties, low vapor pres­ SECTION 3 accountab111ty to ot her members of the com­ munity. International standards and com­ sure, and ease of circul~tlon. In addition to its enginerlng pluses, however, it has a major HON. HASTINGS KEITH pulsory dispute settlement are accordingly drawback-it explodes on contact with air or essential. Exclusive coastal State economic water. Sodium has been chosen as the liquid OF MASSACHUSETTS jurisdiction tends to disregard the existence metal coolant even though the AEC feaslbillty IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of community interests in the area, partic­ ularly as regards other uses such as freedom study completed in 1971 said: "Sodium­ Wednesday, June 14, 1972 cooled reactors can be built and operated. of navigation, overfl.lght, and scientific re­ However, llere is no experience with large, Mr. KEITH. Mr. Speaker, on Monday search. There is a danger that exclusive central station, sodium-cooled fast breeder economic jurisdiction may be expanded to and TUesday of this week, I have placed interfere with such other uses. reactor systems. These larger plants will re­ in the RECORD, sections 1 and 2 of my quire a much broader technology than now Secondly, fisheries are more than just an report on the upcoming Law of the Sea economic resource. They are a vital source available." The study said that the "state-of-the­ Conference, including part of a state­ of animal protein for the world. There is, aaso accordingly, a community interest in as­ art for detecting, looa.tlng, and containing so­ ment by the Honorable John R. Steven­ dium leaks, and for fighting sodium-air or son, legal adviser to the U.N. Seabed suring that coastal State regulation is ac­ sodium-water reactions is rudimentary." companied by accountability to the com­ Committee. To conclude my report, I munity for conservation and for ensuring Even though the AEC hss officially en­ wish to submit today the balance of Mr. dorsed the liquid sodium coolant, there is maximum utilization of fisheries consistent Stevenson's statement, concerning prep­ with sound conservation practices. As a prac­ strong feeling inside the agency that other arations for the 1973 Law of the Sea Con­ cooling system designs are superior. Although t ical matter, there should be an agreed in­ no one who works on breeder development is ference, as follows: ternational formula regarding historic fish­ publlc!y attacking the decision to opt for U.N. LAW OF THE SEA REPORT ing activities of other nations in coastal areas. liquid sodium, rumblings of discontent about PREPARATIONS IN THE SEABED COMMITTEE Thirdly, fish do not observe arbitrary lines the choice have been heard from inside the The General Assembly will decide the pre­ agency. in the ocean. As a rule, fishing activity for else date and agenda of the 1973 Law of the particular stocks should be subject to the These rumblings are coming from those Sea Conference next fall. In the meantime, who have watched the breeder program since same management regime. Thus, coastal there have been three meetings of the U.N. State regulation of coastal and anadromous it began with the construction of the first Seabed Committee since it has been charged Experimental Breeder Reactor (EBR--1) in species should be based on the migratory with preparations for the Conference. The habits of such species. Moreover, certain 1951. The AEC heralds this event as a la.nd­ Committee now has 91 members. mark occasion and has had the site declared species of fish such as tuna are highly mi­ Areas of broad agreement gratory, frequently crossing entire oceans. Ac­ a Registered N~tional Landmark by the In­ terior Department. Even though Lt did prove During the section 3 meetings of the Sea­ cordingly, we believe such migratory species the validity of the breeder theory, it also bed Committee, almost all members have in­ can only be effectively managed by interna­ demonstrated its hazards. During an experi­ dicated their general views. While the United tional and regional organizations rather ment in 1955, an accident occurred because States has not agreed with all the views ex­ than coastal States. an operator made a mistake. No one was hurt, pressed, the discussions to date indicate at Fourthly, one of the important objectives but the tem.perature in the reactor core rose least the broad parameters of a possible even­ of an international seabed regime is to pro­ to over 2000 degrees Fahrenheit and the fuel tual agreement consisting of the following vide for equitable sharing of benefits from rods melted. Such a meltdown could trigger a elements: seabed minerals. Most petroleum and gas re­ sm-all explosion under certain conditions. (a) a 12-mile territorial sea, with freedom sources are located in the continental mar­ An official AEC publication, Breeder Reac­ of navigation and overflight beyond that gins off the coast. With few exceptions, these tors, describes the experience with EBR--1 limit; margins would be largely embraced by a 200- this way: ''Although years of hard work and (b) coastal State economic controls over mtle exclusive resource zone. Revenues for further research lay ahead 1n applying the fisheries and seabed resources beyond 12- the international community as a whole from breeding principle to larger reaotors, the miles; seabed minerals will not be very meaningful ERB-1 demonstration gave a tremendous (c) an international regime for the seabed unless payments for this purpose are made psychological boost to the scientists and engi­ beyond the area of coastal State economic not only with respect to the deep seabed ex­ neers working toward breeder reactors and jurisdiction. ploitation of hard minerals contained in man­ moved the breeder concept from the realm of Unsettled issues ganese nodules, but also, at least in some hope to an area of more solid scientific The key unsettled issues on which the measure, with respect to the exploitation of foundation." success or failure of the 1973 Conference will the petroleum and gas resources of the con­ Another highlight in breeder history doubtless hinge are the following: tinental margin beyond the 200 meter depth glossed over by the AEC is the experience (a) How far beyond 12 miles should coastal line. It is estimated that approximately one­ with the Enrico Fermi plant located near State economic jurisdiction extend and half of the offshore petroleum lies beyond Detroit. Breeder Reactors ends a three-sen­ should it be exclusive or subject to interna­ .the 200-meter depth. tence description of the plant with, "AI- tional standards and accountability. FJ,nally, we believe that minimum lnterna- June 14, 1972 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 20971 tional standards for protecting other uses of tion, without defining those limits. Among its nical work that can be completed expedi­ the sea, as well as protecting the marine en­ other undesirable features, such a resolution tiously once such decisions are made. It is our vironment itself from pollution arising from encourages coastal States to expand their view that delay will only increase the diftl­ seabed exploration and exploitation, are in jurisdiction at the expense of the interna­ culty of reaching such decisions. the general interest, and that these should tional area-and indeed, one of the strongest The oceans are not a remote and largely be applied to the continental margin beyond supporters of the Resolution did just that. inaccessible part of th-e planet or the uni­ the 200-meter depth. We believe that the development of tech­ verse. They are an integral part of our en­ Poll-ution issues nology will not prejudice options regarding tire existence. The interests at stake in re­ a seabeds regime if we proceed on schedule solving a new legal order for the oceans are As I indicated, a number of coastal States with treaty negotiations. Moreover, recog­ diverse, immediate, and vital to almost every­ have urged that pollution jurisdiction should nizing the need to preserve such options, the one. If we can bring the collect! ve will and accompany coastal State resource jur1sd.lction President stated in 1970 that all exploration collective procedures to bear on providing in the area beyond a 12-mlle territorial sea. and exploitation beyond 200-meters should new and effective international law and in­ This will doubtlessly continue to be an im­ be subject to the international regime to be ternational il1Stitutions for the oceans, this portant area of discussion and negotiation. agreed upon. Accordingly, it is to be hoped could well point the way to a new dimension First, let me indicate the areas where there that the Subcommittee will not permit it­ in international relations and new confidence seems to be agreement. Coastal State juris­ self to be diverted by attempts to revive the in the ability of the international community diction over marine pollution emanating moratorium issue at the expense of construc­ as a whole to come to grips with its most from land is clear. Moreover, it seems gen­ tive and timely work on the seabeds regime. pressing problems. erally understood that coastal State economic The second Subcommittee, charged with Thank you, Mr. Chairman. jurisdiction over seabed resources, including the more traditional law of the sea subjects, such jurisdiction in an intermediate zone, spent virtually the entire session waiting for wlllinclude coastal State controls over pollu­ three regional groups to complete a proposal tion from exploration and exploitation of on a list of subjects and issues that would such resources. The issue is the extent to FISCAL RESPONSIBILITY ACT form the basis for discussion. It was intro­ WOULD PUT EFFECTIVE CON- which such controls should be subject to in­ duced in the last week and contained cer­ ternational standards, inspection, and dispute tain unbalanced formulations that most, if TROL ON PURSE STRINGS settlement, including minimum standards not all, delegations knew from the outset promulgated by the international seabeds could not be accepted by others on a con­ organization for this purpose. sensus basis. These formulations would, in HON. FRANK HORTON There is difficulty in dealing with the ques­ effect, prejudice the ultimate resolution of OF NEW YORK tion of pollution from vessels. On the one the issues before substantive consideration hand, the interest of coastal States in pro­ of them was completed. Moreover, whlle cer­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tection from such pollution is clear. On the tain delegations made very useful substan­ Wednesday, June 14, 1972 other hand, the international interests in tive statements in the Subcommittee-par­ freedom of-navigation could be seriously com­ ticularly on fisheries-others seem to exclude 1\!r. HORTON. Mr. Speaker, I am promised by coastal State controls over ves­ the possibility of substantive progress on any pleased to join with my colleague from sels and their movements. Moreover, the fact issue in the Subcommittee until the list has Michigan WISCONSIN have been spent to wipe out wildlife, often grams for the handicapped-we do in­ IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES indiscriminately and inhumanely. The report, in fact, contended that the prison program deed salute you, Max Lupkin. Wednesday, June 14, 1972 had never been justified by research. It Other recipients of the Humanitarian Mr. OBEY. Mr. Sp(;aker, during de­ chided federal researchers for concentrating Award are as follows: bate on the Interior appropriations bill on "the development of effective killing Distinguished Members of the Senate: yesterday, I indicated that the bill had chemicals and devices" whlle neglecting Hon. DANIEL K. INOuYE, of Hawaii. needed research into "the gamut of ecological increased funding for research in the Hon. JACOB K. JAVITS, of New York. problems associated with predators," includ­ Hon. RUSSELL B. LONG, of Louisiana. habits of predators ar... d behavior tech­ ing "more effective, specific and economical Hon. ADLAI STEVENSON III, of Illinois. niques which may bt- used to control control methods." Distinguished Members of the House: them. DRUNK AS A COYOTE? Our hope is that with such techniques Coyotes have been the No. 1 target for the Hon. HALE BOGGS, of Louisiana. we can avoid the use oi large amounts of Hon. JOEL T. BROYHILL, of Virginia. poisons, and the Nixon ban has angered poison on public and private lands which sheepmen, who allege that sheep are the No. Hon. JOHN W. BYRNES, of Wisconsin. ends up killing target and nontarget ani­ 1 target for coyotes. No one apparently knows Hon. JAMES A. BURKE, of Massachu- mals alike. how much damage coyotes really do inflict, setts. An article in the Wall Street Journal but Mr. Balph, long a resident of sheep coun­ Hon. HUGHL. CAREY, of New York. a few days ago indicated some of the re­ try, suspects that it isn't a!l much as herd­ Hon. MANUEL CELLER, Of New York. search which is now being done in this ers claim. "An old sheepherder goes into the Hon. MARTHA W. GRIFFITHS, of Michi- area. It is encouraging, I think, for all mountains, gets drunk and loses half his gan. those who realize that the more we can herd," he says. "It's humah nature to blame Hon. WILBUR D. MILLS, of Arkansas. rely upon nonchemical and nonpoisonous the coyotes." Hon. WILLIAM F. RYAN, of New York. controls for predators and insect pests, In any event, some researchers. now are Hon. AL ULLMAN, of Oregon. the better off we will all be. working on a "super stink" as an alternative Hon. CHARLES A. VANIK, of Ohio. to poisoning. The idea., .stemming from the The article follows: development of speclaJ odors to keep dogs Hon. JoHN C. WATTS, of Kentucky. INSTEAD OF POISONING ANIMAL PESTS, SoME out of gardens, is that some hideous smell Distinguished international dignitar- GROUPS FAVOR USING PSYCHOLOGY will repel the coyotes from the sheep. Mr. ies: (By James E. Bylin) Balph disagrees on tht: ground that the odor HRH Countess Marianne Bernadette, LoGAN, UTAH.-Ground squirrels seem like would have to be so overwhelming that "the Stockholm, Swed(;n. cuddly creatures. But they like to munch on sheep couldn't live with it either." He fig- June 15, 1972 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE 20975

ures, "A coyote in the attack stage is a whole the U.S. 1s concerned, he considers rats and "life is s::> easy around a feedlot, that may be different bag from a dog urinating on a rose­ starlings as "our two most important prob­ why the population builds up." He adds that bush." lems." there 1s "some evidence" that such informa­ If anything, Mr. Balph speculates, a per­ A SCENT--THEN AN ABORTION tion may also be passed along to the young fumy smell might be more effective. Meat Rats, he ponders, might be controlled by in their training. treated with a powerful emetic, or vomit-in­ another peculiar biological response. "It's Mr. Balph 1s scrambling for research ducing agent, could be staked out for the coy­ wild," he says, but at a critical time early in funds--federal, state and private--to test his otes near the sheep. It is hoped, he says, that their pregnancies, female rats wlll abort theories. He acknowledges that they are "way the coyote will eat the meat, fall ill and asso­ spontaneously when confronted with the out in left field," compared with traditional ciate it with his sickness. Carrying this plan scent of a strange male. Biologists suspect control methods. By spending $200,000 a year one step forward, Mr. Balph suggests dousing that the reason is to copulate with the new for 10 years, he vows, "we could come up the meat-and the surrounding area-with male. Anyway, Mr. Balph thinks a synthe­ with some halfway decent control programs" cheap perfume. The coyote might associate sized scent of a "strange male" might be used for a broad spectrum of predators and pests. the sheep's entire territory with vomiting and to "disrupt the normal breeding cycle" and "V.7e may be wrong, but we're just saying, be "conditioned to avoid the area." lower the birth rate. 'Give us a chance, and we might be able to Even better and simpler might be to turn Under a small grant, Mr. Balph and his do some real good.'" the coyote's own scent against him, he says. staff are experimenting on a starling-control Coyotes, he explains, size up the scope of technique that, he says, may also be appli­ their competition by the number of "scent cable to rats. The prolific birds are a costly MAN'S INHUMANITY TO MAN-HOW posts" in a given area. (The scent, left on nuisance to feedlot operators. His approach LONG? bushes and the like, is a combination of is to drug some food pellets, once again with urine and a secretion from glands along the an emetic, and spread them around the feed­ base of the tail.) By re-creating this scent lot. A key factor, he says, is that it takes HON. WILLIAM J. SCHERLE and applying it Uberally around the sheep, about 90 seconds for the bird to vomit after OF IOWA "we might trick the coyote into thinking the eating the food. During the interim, the bird IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ( c::>yote) population is greater than it is," will have moved to other activities, meaning persuading the predators to take off for it possibly won't associate his sickness with Wednesday, June 14, 1972 greener pastures. the food pellet, which is just fine for Mr. Another tactic worth exploring, he adds, is Mr. SCHERLE. Mr. Speaker, a child to record coyote howls and play them when Balph's purposes. asks: "Where is daddy?" A mother asks: new mothers are feeding their young. The "He won't figure out why he's vomiting," "How is my son?" A wife asks: "Is my howls might again indicate overpopulation Mr. Balph says. "We want to trick him into associating it with the whole feedlot. He'll husband alive or dead?" and upset the mothers during a critical Communist North Vietnam is sadisti­ period so she doesn't take proper care of her think, 'My God, I'll have to stay away from young. this feedlot. Every time I get around it, I cally practicing spiritual and mental The balding, 40-year-old Mr. Balph was throw up my cookies.' " genocide on over 1,600 American prison­ raised in India, where he watched rats and If the technique 1s successful, he says, the ers of war and their families. other pests ravage food supplies. As far as number of starlings may dwindle; because How long?

SENATE-Thursday, June 15, 1972 The Senate met at 11:30 a.m. and was The assistant legislative clerk read the United States Code, relating to the retire­ called to order by Hon. ADLAI E. STEVEN­ following letter. ment of Government employees engaged in U.S. SENATE, certain hazardous occupations (Rept. No. SON ill, a Senator from the State of D­ 92-862). linois. PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE, Washington, D.C., June 15, 1972. By Mr. McGEE, from the Committee on To the Senate: Post Office and Civil Service, with an amend­ PRAYER Being temporarily absent from the Senate ment: on official duties, I appoint Hon. ADLAI E. H.R. 12202. An act to increase the con­ The Chaplain, the Reverend Edward STEVENSON ill, a Senator from the State of tribution of the Federal Government to the L. R. Elson, D.D., offered the following nunois, to perform the duties of the Chair costs of health benefits, and for other pur­ prayer: during my absence. poses (Rept. No. 92-861) . ALLEN J. ELLENDER, By Mr. McGEE, from the Committee on Eternal Father, in the round of daily President pro tempore. Post Office and Civil Service, with amend­ duties we lift up to Thee our hymn of ments: grateful praise: Mr. STEVENSON thereupon took the H.R. 3808. An act to amend title 39, chair as Acting President pro tempore. United States Code, as enacted by the Postal "For the beauty of the earth; Reorganization Act, to provide additional For the glory of the skies; free letter mail and air transportation mail­ For the love which from our birth EXECUTIVE REPORT OF A COMMIT­ ing privileges for certain members of the Over and around us lies: U.S. Armed Forces, and for other purposes TEE SUBMITTED DURING AD­ (Rept. No. 92-860). Lord of all, to Thee we raise JOURNMENT This our hymn of grateful praise Under authority of the order of the "For the joy of human love. Senate of June 14, 1972, the following THE JOURNAL Brother, sister, parent, child, favorable report of a nomination was Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I ask Friends on earth, and friends above; submitted on June 14, 1972: unanimous consent that the reading of For all gentle thoughts and mild: By Mr. FONG, from the Committee on the Journal of the proceedings of yester­ Lord of all to Thee we raise Post Office and Civil Service: day, Wednesday, June 14, 1972, be dis­ This our hymn of grateful praise." John Y. Ing, of Hawaii, to be a Governor pensed with. -FOLLIOTT S. PIERPOINT, 1864. ot the U.S. Postal Service. The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem­ We thank Thee, 0 Lord, that Thou art pore. Without objection, it is so ordered. not only above and beyond and around REPORTS OF A COMMITTEE SUB- us but in us and with us. Guide us all by Thy higher wisdom that in service to MITTED DURING ADJOURN- MESSAGES FROM THE PRESIDENT the Nation we may serve Thee. Amen. MENT Messages in writing from the Presi­ Under authority of the order of the dent of the United States, submitting Senate of June 14, 1972, the following nominations, were communicated to the APPOINTMENT OF ACTING PRESI­ reports of a committee were submitted Senate by Mr. Leonard, one of his secre­ DENT PRO TEMPORE on June 14, 1972: taries. By Mr. HOLLINGS, from the Committee The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk on Post omce and Civil Service, without will please read a communication to the amendment: EXECUTTVE MESSAGES REFERRED Senate from the President pro tempore S. 916. A bill to include firefighters within As in executive session, the Acting (Mr. ELLENDER). the provisions of section 8336(c) of title 5, President pro tempore