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Sull'origine Francese Di Giulio Cartarè (1642–1699) Documenti E Precisazioni in Merito Al Nucleo Familiare Dell'ultimo Allievo Di Gian Lorenzo Bernini

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Sull'origine Francese Di Giulio Cartarè (1642–1699) Documenti E Precisazioni in Merito Al Nucleo Familiare Dell'ultimo Allievo Di Gian Lorenzo Bernini RIHA Journal 0230 | 1 October 2019 Sull'origine francese di Giulio Cartarè (1642–1699) Documenti e precisazioni in merito al nucleo familiare dell ultimo allie!o di "ian #orenzo $ernini Jacopo Curzietti !stract %&e essa' retraces t&e bio(rap&ical events of t&e sculptor "iulio )artar*+ last pupil of "ian #orenzo $ernini, In addition to trac-in( down t&e artist’s baptism act on 0arc& 27, 1642, t&an-s to several unpublis&ed arc&ival resources it was possible to ascertain t&e 4renc& ori(in of &is famil'+ present in Rome since 1610 .it& &is (randfat&er 5icolas, %&rou(& t&e examination of paris& re(isters of 7t, Andrea delle 4ratte+ it was possible to clarif' t&e dynamics of 8rst contacts bet.een "iulio )artar* and $ernini’s wor-s&op, 91: 5el ;uindicesimo capitolo della <ita di "ian #orenzo $ernini+ dedicato al cantiere della )at&edra =etri e ai principali allievi e collaboratori+ suo 8(lio Domenico ebbe a ricordare c&e Due per> possiam dire+ essere stati antic&i diletti del $ernino+ e de ;uali (iusta ra(ion vuole, c&e se ne faccia particolarissima menzione+ subito dopo sottolineando il valore di ambedue per i pro(ressi+ c&e l uno fece nell Arc&itettura+ l altro nella 7cultura+ e per l inalterabile osse;uio+ e 8liale amore+ c&e per lo spazio di trent anni port> ciascun di essi al )avaliere, # uno f? il )a!, 0attia de Rossi+ l altro "iulio )artar* ambedue Romani,1 7in dalle pi? antic&e fonti letterarie+ dun;ue+ appare manifesta la volont@ di stabilire in termini storio(ra8ci una salda relazione tra il $ernini A1598–1680) e "iulio )artar* (1642–1699) c&e+ lun(i dal circoscriversi ad un ambito strettamente professionale+ in!estiva anc&e la sfera de(li aFetti personali, 92: )ome (i@ per molti scultori attivi a Roma nel pieno 7eicento+ anc&e per "iulio )artar* l essere stato un allievo di stretta osservanza nella botte(a di "ian #orenzo $ernini fu dapprima determinante per il conse(uimento di un rapido successo professionale+ salvo poi+ alla morte del maestro+ contribuire con altrettanta incisi!it@ al repentino declino della sua carrieraG allo stesso modo+ sempre al $ernini e all attenzione pressoc&H esclusiva riservata(li da lar(a parte della moderna storio(ra8a si deve fare riferimento per comprendere il silenzio c&e tutt o((i ale((ia sulla 8(ura del )artar* nel dibattito critico,2 Iclissato nella ;uasi impenetrabile ombra (ettata dal (rande interprete del $arocco romano+ infatti+ solamente in anni molto 1 Domenico $ernini+ <ita del )a!alier "io, #orenzo $ernino+ Roma 1113+ 113, RIHA Journal 0230 | 1 October 2019 recenti si * iniziato ad inda(are con un certo ri(ore il pro8lo bio(ra8co e professionale di "iulio+ senza tuttavia (iun(ere a restituirne un ;uadro or(anico ed esaustivoG un elo;uente riscontro di ;uesto ritardo risiede nell indecisione con cui ancora si procede nell indicare il co(nome dello scultore+ oscillando tra il lemma francesizzante )artar* oFerto dalle fonti e la forma italianizzata Cartari comunemente adottata dalla critica, 93: #a presente nota documentaria intende colmare parte di ;ueste lacune e+ concentrandosi sulla ricostruzione bio(ra8ca della parabola umana dell artista+ aspira a porsi come un primo tra(uardo nella de8nizione di uno studio a carattere mono(ra8co, =unto di partenza delle inda(ini sono state le meritorie ricerc&e pubblicate nel 2002 da Alfredo 0arc&ionne "unter c&e+ sebbene talvolta parziali e prive di ade(uati riferimenti arc&ivistici+ &anno portato a conoscenza della comunit@ scienti8ca importanti informazioni+ prima fra tutte la re(istrazione della morte dello scultore+ sopra((iunta dopo una breve malattia il 2 settembre 1699.3 )orrettamente lo studioso traeva spunto dal testo del documento+ ove si ricorda!a la 8(ura di JIulius )artar* 8lius ;[uonda]m =etriJ+ per interro(arsi in merito alla provenienza (eo(ra8ca della fami(lia dell artista+ avanzando l ipotesi di una possibile ori(ine franceseG occorre infatti sottolineare c&e tutte le fonti manoscritte come pure ;uelle a stampa cono concordi nell indicare in )artar* il co(nome dell artista+ la cui italianizzazione in )artari sembrerebbe ;uindi essere null altro c&e una formula ideata e6 ni&ilo in ambito critico, =rocedendo a ritroso dall atto di morte recentemente ac;uisito+ * stato possibile ricostruire con precisione ;uasi puntuale la storia familiare dello scultore e dare 8nalmente una risposta aFermativa alla sua ori(ine transalpina, 93: #e vicende in ;uestione principiano infatti con la 8(ura del francese 5icolas )artar*+ 8(lio di tale 4ranKois+ re(istrato ne(li anni compresi tra il 1610 e il 1620 in un case((iato di propriet@ di A(ostino Roncione+ ubicato all interno della JIsola (rande 2 4atte sal!e le bre!i !oci bio(rafche redatte da 4rancesco 5e(ri Arnoldi AJ)artari "iulioJ+ inL Dizionario $io(rafco de(li Italiani+ !ol, 20+ Roma 1911+ 191M192E+ 7usanna Nanuso AJ"iulio )artariJ+ inL 7cultura del O200 a Roma+ ed, Andrea $acchi+ 0ilano 1992+ 193M193) e 7usanne "Pnt&erM7chorn AJ)artari "iulioJ+ inL All(emeines QPnstlerM#e6i-on, Die $ildenden QPnstler aller Neiten und <Rl-er (AQ#E+ !ol, 12+ 0onaco di $a!iera e #eipzi( 1991+ 232E+ tra i pochi studi dedicati al )artar* si ricordano Alfredo 0archionne "unter+ J"io!an #orenzo $ernini e "iulio )artar*J+ inL $erniniana, 5o!it@ sul re(ista del $arocco+ ed, 0aurizio 4a(iolo Dell Arco+ 0ilano 2002 A$iblioteca d Arte 7kira+ 1E+ 21C-221G Jacopo )urzietti+ J )on dise(no del )a!alier $ernino , "iulio )artari e la decorazione della cappella =oli in 7, )riso(ono a RomaJ+ inL 7toria dell Arte 120 A200CE+ 31MBC, 3 0archionne "unter+ J"ian #orenzo $ernini e "iulio )artar*J+ 220-221+ documento 3+ trascri!e l atto di morte conser!ato nei re(istri di 7ant Andrea delle 4ratte+ o!e lo scultore fu sepolto, )fr, Archi!io del <icariato di Roma (A7<RE+ 7, Andrea delle 4ratte+ 0orti+ 12CB–111B+ cc. 22rM!, Analo(a redazione del documento * anc&e nel fondo archi!istico di 7, 5icola in Arcione+ chiesa di cui il nucleo familiare dell artista era parrocchiana, )fr, A7<R+ 7, 5icola in Arcione+ 0orti+ 1291D1113+ c. 10!L "Die 2 7eptembris 1199, D[ominus] Iulius )artare 8lius ;9uonda:m =etri Romanus annorum ;uin;ua(inta septem cir[cite]r de(ens infrmus in ;uadam Domo posita ut ducit nella salita di 79an: "iuseppe in )om[m:unione 7[anctae] 0[atris] Icclesiae et mortis a(one animam 7u[mm:o Deo reddidit+ cuius cada!er die se;uenti illatum fuit ad Icclesiam 79ancti] Andreae de 4ractis et in eadem &umatum 7[anctissim]is Icclesiae 7acramentis omnibus fuit munitus.J RIHA Journal 0230 | 1 October 2019 delli "abrieliJ c&e sor(eva alle falde del colle =inciano+ al di sotto del complesso della 77, %rinit@ dei 0onti+ lun(o la direttrice !iaria c&e incrociava strada "re(oriana, 3 7posato con )aterina )apotosti+ 8(lia di Antonio e ori(inaria di )apranica+ 5icolas ebbe sei 8(liL oltre ai (emelli )ecilia e =ietro+ ;uest ultimo futuro padre dello scultore "iulio+B dall unione nac;uero il primo(enito 4rancesco+ poi Antonio+2 0ar(&erita1 e "iovanni $attista, # economia domestica si sosteneva col lavoro del capofami(lia c&e+ in accordo a ;uanto indicato ne(li 7tati delle Anime della parrocc&ia di 7ant Andrea delle 4ratte+ s!ol(eva l attivit@ di cuoco ed J&erbaroloJ a servizio del cardinale Ippolito AldobrandiniG sebbene i proventi derivatine dovettero consentire ai )artar* una certa a(iatezza+ accentuata dallo stretto le(ame col potente porporato c&e fu padrino al battesimo dei 8(li =ietro e )ecilia+ la morte ravvicinata di entrambi i coniu(i+ deceduti rispettivamente il 20 e il 27 aprile 1621,C dovette incidere non poco sulla sorte dei loro 8(li+ destinati ad abbandonare la casa paterna e ad intraprendere ciascuno la propria strada+ facendosi lar(o nella complessa e competitiva realt@ romana della prima met@ del Seicento, 9B: In termini professionali+ i ma((iori riscontri spettarono proprio a =ietro )artar*+ padre di "iulio, 5onostante la lacunosit@ del fondo arc&ivistico di 7ant Andrea delle 4ratte+9 c&e sino al 1655 rimase la parrocc&ia di pertinenza del suo nucleo familiare+ * possibile attestare c&e ;uesti e i suoi con(iunti rimasero (ravitanti nella stessa area urbana nella ;uale =ietro era nato e aveva !issuto la sua (iovinezza, Dapprima residente nella JIsola del )onvento di 7[an]to Andrea delle 4ratteJ+ 10 poi in un case((iato poco distante sito in strada =aolina+ all an(olo tra JDue 0acelliJ e la J7allita 3 )fr, A7<R+ 7, Andrea delle 4ratte+ 7tati delle Anime+ 1201–1213+ cc. 103r A1210E+ 220! (1211E+ 220r A1212E+ 210! (1213EG 1211–1222+ cc. 2r (1211E+ 31r (121CE+ 2Br A1219E+ 103! (1220E, B # atto di battesimo dei (emelli+ nati il 12 aprile 1212+ * conser!ato in A7<R+ 7, 0arcello+ $attesimi+ 120C–1212+ c. 111!L "Aprile 1212, Adi 23, furno bat[tezzat]i da me fr@ "io9!anni: $att[ist]a [della =ie!e] soprad9dett]o =ietro+ et )ecilia nati alli 12, Di =[ad]re 5iccol> franzese+ et di )atarina )apotosto da )apranica sua mo(lie+ il comp[ar]e l Ill[ustrissi]mo 7[i(no]r )ar[dina]le Aldobrandino+ et in suo luo(o il 7[i(no:r D[on] 4ranc[esc]o =oli da $olo(na+ la )om9mar]e et 0am[man]a )amilla 7er!ante, =arr[occ&i]a 7[ant]o Andrea delle 4ratte,J 2 Antonio )artar* nac;ue il 1B ottobre 1209 e fu battezzato il se(uente (iorno 19, )fr, A7<R+ 7, 0arcello+ $attesimi+ 120C–1212+ c.
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