1860 B FOUNDEDar d 2020–21 Bard College Catalogue 2020–21 The first order of business in college is to figure out your place in the world and in your life and career. College life starts with introspection, as opposed to a public, collective impetus. We try to urge students to think about their place in the world and to develop a desire to participate from inside themselves. —Leon Botstein, President, Bard College The Bard College Catalogue is published by the Bard Publications Office. Cover: The Richard B. Fisher Center for the Perfoming Arts at Bard College Back cover: The Gabrielle H. Reem and Herbert J. Kayden Center for Science and Computation Photos: Peter Aaron ’68/Esto Bard College PO Box 5000 Annandale-on-Hudson, NY 12504-5000 Phone: 845-758-6822 Website: bard.edu Email: [email protected] CONTENTS Mission 1 Division of Social Studies 157 Anthropology 158 History of Bard 2 Economics 165 Economics and Finance 172 Learning at Bard 18 Historical Studies 172 Curriculum 19 Interdisciplinary Study of Religions 188 Academic Programs and Philosophy 195 Concentrations 24 Political Studies 202 Academic Requirements and Sociology 211 Regulations 26 Specialized Degree Programs 30 Interdivisional Programs and Concentrations 217 Admission 32 Africana Studies 217 American Studies 218 Academic Calendar 35 Asian Studies 219 Classical Studies 220 Division of the Arts 37 Environmental and Urban Studies 221 Architecture 38 Experimental Humanities 227 Art History and Visual Culture 39 French Studies 228 Dance 49 Gender and Sexuality Studies 228 Film and Electronic Arts 52 German Studies 229 Music 60 Global and International Studies 229 Photography 70 Global Public Health 231 Studio Arts 72 Human Rights 232 Theater and Performance 75 Irish and Celtic Studies 238 Italian Studies 238 Division of Languages and Literature 82 Jewish Studies 239 Foreign Languages, Cultures, Latin American and Iberian Studies 240 and Literatures 83 Medieval Studies 242 Literature 99 Middle Eastern Studies 243 Written Arts 120 Mind, Brain, and Behavior 244 Russian and Eurasian Studies 244 Division of Science, Mathematics, Science, Technology, and Society 245 and Computing 126 Spanish Studies 246 Biology 127 Theology 247 Chemistry and Biochemistry 134 Victorian Studies 247 Computer Science 137 Multidisciplinary Studies 248 Mathematics 141 Interdisciplinary Curricular Initiatives 248 Physics 145 Psychology 148 The Bard College Additional Courses in the Sciences 155 Conservatory of Music 252 ii Contents Bard Abroad 258 Educational Outreach 309 Study Abroad Programs 259 Early College Programs 309 Student Exchanges 260 Bard Prison Initiative 310 Language Intensives 262 Bard Microcolleges 311 Clemente Course in the Humanities 312 Additional Study Opportunities and Institute for Writing and Thinking 312 Affiliated Institutes 263 Longy School of Music of Bard College 313 Independent Work 263 Community Programs and Services 314 Study Away 264 International Partnerships 315 Specialized Programs 264 Professional Education 267 Levy Economics Institute Preprofessional Preparation 267 of Bard College 317 Dual-Degree Programs 267 Affiliated Programs and Institutes 270 The Bard Center 320 Fellows of the Bard Center 320 Civic Engagement 275 Bard Fiction Prize 321 Distinguished Scientist Campus Life and Facilities 281 Lecture Series 321 Student Life 282 Leon Levy Endowment Fund 321 Student Services and Resources 285 Cultural Programs 322 Residence Life 290 Campus Facilities 292 Finances 324 Safety and Security 300 Financial Aid 324 Gender Equity/Title IX 301 Fees, Payment, and Refunds 332 Graduate Programs 302 Scholarships, Awards, and Prizes 338 Bard Center for Environmental 302 Policy Faculty 351 Bard College Conservatory of Music 303 Faculty and Faculty Emeritus Graduate Conducting Program 303 of Bard College 351 Graduate Vocal Arts Program 303 Faculty of the Bard College Bard Graduate Center 303 Conservatory of Music 369 Bard MBA in Sustainability 304 Faculty of the Graduate Programs 373 Center for Curatorial Studies 304 Faculty of the Affiliate Programs 380 International Center of Photography– Bard Program in Advanced Honorary Degrees and Photographic Studies 305 Bard College Awards 393 Levy Economics Institute Graduate Programs in Economic Theory Boards and Administration 400 and Policy 305 Boards 400 Longy School of Music of Bard College 306 Administration 404 Master of Arts in Teaching Program 307 Travel to Bard 411 Milton Avery Graduate School of the Arts 307 Bard Campus Map 412 The Orchestra Now 308 Index 414 MISSION Bard College seeks to inspire curiosity, a love of learning, idealism, and a commitment to the link between higher education and civic participation. The undergraduate curriculum is designed to address central, enduring questions facing succeeding generations of students. Academic disciplines are interconnected through multidisciplinary programs; a balance in the curriculum is sought between general education and individual specialization. Students pursue a rigorous course of study reflecting diverse traditions of scholarship, research, speculation, and artistic expression. They engage philosophies of human existence, theories of human behavior and society, the making of art, and the study of the humanities, science, nature, and history. Bard’s approach to learning focuses on the individual, primarily through small group seminars. These are structured to encourage thoughtful, critical discourse in an inclusive environment. Faculty are active in their fields and stress the connection between the contemplative life of the mind and active engagement outside the classroom. They strive to foster rigorous and free inquiry, intellectual ambition, and creativity. Bard acts at the intersection of education and civil society, extending liberal arts and sciences education to communities in which it has been underdeveloped, inaccessible, or absent. Through its undergraduate college, distinctive graduate programs, commitment to the fine and performing arts, civic and public engagement programs, and network of international dual-degree partnerships, early colleges, and prison education initiatives, Bard offers unique opportunities for students and faculty to study, experience, and realize the principle that higher-education institutions can and should operate in the public interest. 1 HISTORY OF BARD Bard College has always been a place to think, critically and creatively. Bard was founded as St. Stephen’s College in 1860, a time of national crisis. While we have no written records of the founders’ attitude toward the Civil War, a passage from the College’s 1943 catalogue applies also to the institution’s beginnings: “While the immedi- ate demands in education are for the training of men for the war effort, liberal education in America must be preserved as an important value in the civilization for which the War is being fought. Since education, like life itself, is a continuous process of growth and effort, the student has to be trained to comprehend and foster his own growth and direct his own efforts.” This philosophy molded the College during its early years and continues to inform its academic aims. Founding of the College: St. Stephen’s College was established by John (1819–99) and Margaret Johnston Bard (1825–75) in association with leaders of the Episcopal Church in New York City. For its first 60 years, St. Stephen’s offered young men a classical curriculum in preparation for their entrance into the seminary. But even as a theologically oriented insti- tution, St. Stephen’s challenged its students to be active participants in charting their own intellectual paths. In support of this venture, the Bards donated part of their riverside estate, Annandale, to the College, along with the Chapel of the Holy Innocents, which is still in use. Acknowledging Bard’s Origins: Bard College acknowledges that its origins are intertwined with the systems of racial injustice that have been a part of this nation’s history from its founding. The land upon which the campus stands is the ancestral home of Native peoples, now identified as the Stockbridge-Munsee Band of Mohican Indians, the Delaware Nation, and the Delaware Tribe of Western Oklahoma. The grounds were expropriated by European settlers through deceitful transactions and violence. Montgomery Place, on the southern- most end of campus, was an estate run with slave labor. John Bard, the founder of the College, had no direct ties with slavery. However, the insurance company founded by his father, William Bard (1778–1853), once did, and John’s grandfather, Samuel Bard (1742–1821), owned slaves. Margaret’s family fortune derived from the success of her father’s firm, Boorman & Johnston, which sold tobacco, sugar, and cotton produced by slave labor. These family resources, in part ill-gotten, enabled John and Margaret to act upon their shared faith by devoting themselves to philanthropic and civic endeavors. 2 History of Bard 3 Early Years: With the appointment in 1919 of Dr. Bernard Iddings Bell as warden, the College began to move toward a broader and more secular mission. Social and natural sciences aug- mented the classical curriculum, and the student body was recruited from a more diverse population. In 1928, a time of increasing financial uncertainty, St. Stephen’s became an undergraduate school of Columbia University. Over the next decade, under the leadership of Dean Donald G. Tewksbury, Bard further integrated the classical and progressive educa- tional traditions, in the process becoming one of the first colleges