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Notes on the Diet of Some Passerines in New South Wales 1: Fairy-Wrens to Woodswallows

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Notes on the Diet of Some Passerines in New South Wales 1: Fairy-Wrens to Woodswallows AUSTRALIAN 106 BIRD WATCHER AUSTRALIAN BIRD WATCHER 1999, 18, 106-120 Notes on the Diet of Some Passerines in New South Wales 1: Fairy-wrens to Woodswallows by A.B. ROSE, Associate, The Australian Museum, 6-8 College Street, Sydney, N.S.W. 2000 (present address: 61 Boundary Street, Forster, N.S.W. 2428) The following notes are incidental records of the food of some passerine species, from personal observations and from an examination of the stomach contents of birds found dead (road-kills, window-kills and cat-kills). They are intended to supplement the lists of Barker & Vestjens (1990) and Lepschi (1993) for the respective species. Records listed by Rose (1973, 1974) are not included here. Notes on non-nectar foods of some honeyeaters are published separately (Rose 1999). Stomach contents were examined microscopically, and identified by comparison with reference material and, for insects, with the aid of a manual (CSIRO 1970). Insect nomenclature follows CSIRO (1980) and, for moths, Common (1990). Superb Fairy-wren Malurus cyaneus Stomachs: Eight stomachs, from various locations, contained the following unquantified material: beetle (Coleoptera); ant (Formicidae); cricket/grasshopper (Orthoptera); fly (Diptera); butterfly/moth (Lepidoptera); bug (Hemiptera); and spider (Araneida). Splendid Fairy-wren Malurus spkndens Stomach: Rankin Springs (33°53'S, 146°14'E), 23 September 1973 (K. Muller): one small click-beetle (Elateridae ). Variegated Fairy-W..en Malurus Iamberti Stomachs: Nine stomachs, from various locations, contained the following unquantified material: beetle; ant; orthopteran; fly; butterfly/moth; bug; and spider. White-winged Fairy-wren Malurus kucopterus Stomach: Tibooburra (29"20'S, 142003'E), 1 August 1982 (R. Holmes): ants; psocids (Psocoptera); beetles; bugs; and one seed. Southern Emu-wren Stipiturus malachurus Stomachs: 1. Medowie (32°41'S, 151°53'E), 28 March 1980 (J.W. Trudgeon): beetles; bugs; and orthopterans. 2. Forster (32°13'S, 152°31'E), 1987 (D. Turner): 16 bugs; one beetle; two seeds; and one leaf. 3. Black Head (32005'S, 152"33'E), 30 July 1991 (0. Storey): lepidopteran scales; one caterpillar; three beetle larvae; one beetle; spider and hymenopteran (not ant) remains. VOL. 18 (3) Diet of Passerines SEPTEMBER 1999 1: Fairy-wrens to Woodswallows 107 Rockwarbler Origma solitaria Plate 27 Photo: N. Chaffer AUS1RALIAN 108 ROSE BIRD WATCHER Spotted Pardalote Pardalotus punctatus Twelve specimens, from various locations, included the following un<\uantified material: (i) hemipteran; (ii) spider and beetle; (iii) hemipteran and spider; (iv) mamly hemi{'teran and one spider; (v) and (vi) small ant; (vii) and (viii) beetles; the remainder, insect remams. Striated Pardalote Pardalotus striatus Stomach: Windsor (33°37'S, 150°48'E), 4 July 1975 (D. Larkins): spider; bug; fly; mantis (Mantidae) eggs and part of a small mantid ootheca. Pilotbird Pycnoptilus jloccosus Stomach: 1984, no other data: four different unidentified seeds; insect remains including one weevil (Curculionidae), one other beetle and several ants. Rockwarbler Origma solitaria Stomachs: 1. Bobbin Head Road (33°41'S, 151°09'E), 8 March 1968 (T. Barratt): small ants and their eggs. 2. Ku-ring-gai Chase Road (33°40'S, 151 °09'E), 25 January 1970 (T. Barratt): one small moth; one beetle; some ants; and a spider. 3. Bobbin Head (33°39'S, 151 °09'E), 5 August 1971 (Mrs Ibbotson): three unidentified seeds; one beetle; one caterpillar; and several flies. Observations: Bobbin Head, 11 October 1967: one bird was collecting insects from walls and under benches, then flew off with a bill full of insects. 12 September 1973: one bird was searching a sandstone wall; it flushed a moth Manulea rep/ana, pursued it into a room, caught it, took it outside and ate it (except for one forewing) on a path. Yellow-throated Scrubwren Sericornis citreogularis Stomachs: I. Levers Plateau, Border Ranges National Park (28°19'S, 152°52'E), 20 July 1977 (B. Miller): four different species of seeds (three unidentified and one Acacia); one weevil; one caterpillar; one ant; and some quartz grit (some glass-like). 2. Levers Plateau, July 1977 (B. Miller): mainly ant and beetle remains; one fly larva; one landhopper Talitrus; and one unidentified berry. 3. !980, no other data: insect remains, mainly the eggs of a stick-insect (Phasmatidae). White-browed Scrubwren Sericornis frontalis Stomachs: I. Bobbin Head, 10 January 1968 (K. Ayers): mainly small ant eggs and some ants. 2. Bobbin Head, 17 September 1973 (ABR), desiccated dead nestling in a robbed nest: insect and spider remains. 3. Smiggin Holes, Kosciuszko National Park (36°24'S, 148°25'E), 5 March 1974 (ABR): five small weevils and two other beetles; one caterpillar; and one hymenopteran. ~ . Wahroonga (33°43'S, 151 °08'E), 13 October 1974 (M. Lovell): several leafhol'pers (Eurymelidae ); one weevil Rallus; one caterpillar; and one net-casting spider (Deinop1dae ). 5. Dorrigo (30°21 'S, 152°43'E), 19 February 1975 (I. Archibald): small beetles including weevils; one moth; one small grasshopper (Orthoptera); one hymenopteran; one bug; and one mite (Acarina). VOL. 18 (3) Diet of Passerines SEPTEMBER 1999 1: Fairy-wrens to Woodswallows 109 White-browed Scrubwren Sericornis frontalis Plate 28 Photo: B. Stokes Brown Thornbill Acanthiza pusilla Plate 29 Photo: B. & K. Richards AUSTRALIAN 110 ROSE BIRD WATCHER 6. Ku-ring-gai Chase National Park (33"39'S, 151°15'E), 10 May 1976 (ABR): one beetle; one grasshopper; one cockroach (Blattodea); one moth; one spider; and three unidentified seeds. 7. Bellbird Hill (33°34'S, 150°40'E), 28 July 1976 (B. Gall): several ants; one spider; and one seed. Brown Gerygone Gerygone mould Stomach: Dorrigo, 4 September 1974 (1. Archibald): small beetles including one weevil; small hymenopterans; flies; and one very small scorpion-fly (Mecoptera). Brown Thornhill Acanthiza pusil/a Stomachs: 1. Bobbin Head, 24 June 1971 (ABR): bug remains; beetle remains; one ant; one caterpillar; flies (Tipulidae and Sciaridae); and small seeds. 2. McCarrs Creek Road, Ku-ring-gai Chase National Park, 6 August 1974 (S. Foster): one net­ casting spider; two caterpillars; one small moth; one beetle; and remains of other small, unidentified flying insects. 3. West Head, Ku-ring-gai Chase National Park (33.35'S, 151°16'E), 1 September 1974 (R. Perrott): two net-casting spiders; one jumping spider (Salticidae ); one unidentified spider; one caterpillar; one fly; one grasshopper; and one small mantis ootheca containing developing young. 4. Dorngo, no other data: ants; bugs; one moth; one caterpillar; and one spider. 5. Comboyne Plateau (31.39'S, 152"23'E), 2 November 1976 (ABR): two beetles and several ants. Yellow Thornhill Acanthiza nana Stomach: Colleambally (34.46'S, 145.56'E), 20 July 1979 (J. Brickhill): small insects including beetles; and one seed husk. White-fronted Chat Epthianura albifrons Stomach: 60 km south of Hay on Cobb Highway (35.03'S, 144°46'E), 3 April 1977 (K. McNee): Acacia seeds; homopterans; one moth; and one caterpillar. Gihherhird Ashbyia lovensis Stomachs: Fortville, Tibooburra (29.00'S, 141.10'E), 1 March 1975 (K. Blade): two road-kills together; both had the same wing moult and, by dissection, both were immature with a little pneumat1sation around the edges of the skull. The larger bird weighing 26 g was a male, and the other a smaller female weighing 14 g. A remarkable difference was noted in the stomach and contents. The male had a muscular seed-eater type of gizzard full of three species of seeds, some sprouting. The female's stomach was less muscular, and of an insect-eater type full of insects mcluding many leafhopper nymphs (Homoptera), beetle remains including two weevils, one ant and one spider. Jacky Winter Microecafascinans Stomach: Griffith (34°15'S, 146°02'E), 9 October 1976 (R. Moffatt): one weevil and one caterpillar. VOL. 18 (3) Diet of Passerines SEPTEMBER 1999 1: Fairy-wrens to Woodswallows 111 Brown-plumaged Flame Robin Petroica phoenicea with spider Plate 30 Photo: Bob Shepherd Red-capped Robin Petroica goodenovii Stomachs: 1. Griffith, 8 October 1976 (R. Moffatt): one caterpillar; beetle remains including weevil; ants; one small mantis; and remains of more than one spider. 2. Buckingbong State Forest (34°55'S, 146°25'E), 16 December 1979 (B. Gall): many beetles, some bugs and other insect remains. Flame Robin Petroica phoenicea Observation: Ben Lomond (30°00'S, 151°36'E), 10 January 1974: one bird was fluttering to a tree trunk and back to its perch. Leafhoppers (Eurymelidae) were abundant on the tree trunk. See also Plate 30. Eastern Yellow Robin Eopsaltria australis Stomachs: 1. Darrigo, 1 May 1973 (R. Barry): stomach full of at least three species of flying ant; and one spider. 2. Mt Colah (33°41'S, 151°07'E), 14 March 1975 (F.K. Hersey): two species of ant; one beetle; and one moth. 3. Darrigo, 10 April1975 (N. Fenton): ants includingPheidole; beetles; one moth; one caterpillar (Tineidae); and one green seed. 4. Levers Plateau, 18 July 1977 (W. Rohan-Jones): ants; one weevil; and one millipede (Diplopoda). 5. Mt Parrabef (30°56'S, 152°29'E), 21 February 1978 (M. Dodkin): one spider; one millipede; one beetle; and one caterpillar. AUSTRALIAN 112 ROSE BIRD WATCHER Pair of Spotted Quail-thrushes Cinclosoma punctatum Plate 31 Photo: D. Selby Eastern Whipbird Psophodes olivaceus Stomach: 20 km north of Gloucester (31°45'S, 151°55'E), 27 May 1980 (ABR): seeds; ants; bugs; beetles including weevil. Spotted Quail-thrush Cinclosoma punctatum Stomachs: 1. Cowan (33°35'S, 151 °12'E), 1 March 1973 (R. Walker): six different seeds (one Acacia, and one pea Fabaceae); unidentified insect remains including beetle. 2. Bobbin Head, 22 August 1978 (C. Bennett): four different seeds; beetles; one moth; and other unidentified insects. Golden Whistler Pachycephala pectoralis Stomachs: 1.
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