Synoptic Discharge Study Big Springs and Lake Creeks, Snake Valley, Nevada and Utah - March 5, 2014 and September 17, 2014
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Doc No.WRD-ED-0032 Resources & Facilities Department Water Resources Division Synoptic Discharge Study Big Springs and Lake Creeks, Snake Valley, Nevada and Utah - March 5, 2014 and September 17, 2014 December 2015 This document’s use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the Southern Nevada Water Authority. Although trademarked names are used, a trademark symbol does not appear after every occurrence of a trademarked name. Every attempt has been made to use proprietary trademarks in the capitalization style used by the manufacturer. Suggested citation: Southern Nevada Water Authority, 2015, Synoptic Discharge Study Big Springs and Lake Creeks, Snake Valley, Nevada and Utah - March 5, 2014 and September 17, 2014: Southern Nevada Water Authority, Las Vegas, Nevada, Doc. No. WRD-ED-0032, 138 p. Synoptic Discharge Study Big Springs and Lake Creeks, Snake Valley, NV/UT CONTENTS List of Figures . iii List of Tables . .vii List of Acronyms and Abbreviations . ix 1.0 Introduction. 1-1 1.1 Study Objectives . 1-1 1.2 Report Organization . 1-1 1.3 Acknowledgments . 1-2 2.0 Background Information. 2-1 2.1 Geographic Setting . 2-1 2.2 Land Ownership and Access. 2-1 2.3 Previous Studies . 2-1 2.3.1 BSLC System Studies. 2-1 2.3.2 Other Studies . 2-3 3.0 Study Description . 3-1 3.1 Study Overview . 3-1 3.2 BSLC System Description . 3-1 3.2.1 Headwaters and Big Springs Ranch . 3-1 3.2.2 Okelberry Meadows . 3-4 3.2.3 Desert Area. 3-4 3.2.4 Stateline / Dearden Ranch Area . 3-5 3.2.5 Lake Creek Pasture/Meadow Area. 3-6 3.2.6 Clay Spring / Pruess Lake . 3-6 3.3 Measurement Site Locations and Frequency . 3-6 3.3.1 Gaging Stations . 3-6 3.3.2 Additional Discharge Measurement Sites . 3-6 3.3.3 Measurement Logistics. 3-7 3.4 Methodology. 3-7 4.0 Results. 4-1 4.1 Discharge Measurement Results. 4-1 4.1.1 Headwaters and Big Springs Ranch . 4-1 4.1.2 Okelberry Meadows . 4-5 4.1.3 Desert Area. 4-6 4.1.4 Stateline / Dearden Ranch Area . 4-10 4.1.5 Lake Creek Meadows Area . 4-11 4.1.6 Clay Spring / Pruess Lake . 4-12 4.2 Comparison of Flow with Previous Studies . 4-13 4.3 Water-Chemistry Results . 4-14 4.3.1 Electrical Conductivity. 4-14 4.3.2 Dissolved Oxygen . 4-14 i Southern Nevada Water Authority - Water Resources Division CONTENTS (CONTINUED) 4.3.3 Temperature . 4-16 4.3.4 Major Ions and Metals . 4-17 4.3.5 Stable and Radio Isotope Chemistry . 4-17 4.4 Summary of Discharge Trends . 4-17 5.0 References. 5-1 Appendix A - Land Ownership Maps Appendix B - Historic Groundwater Hydrographs Appendix C - Aerial Imagery and Measurement Site Locations Appendix D - Site Photographs and Historic Discharge Hydrographs Appendix E - Measurement Site Elevations and Cross Sectional Profiles Appendix F - Procedures Appendix G - Study Discharge Data Appendix H - Irrigation Schedule Appendix I - Water-Chemistry Data ii Synoptic Discharge Study Big Springs and Lake Creeks, Snake Valley, NV/UT FIGURES NUMBER TITLE PAGE 2-1 Geology and Monitor Well Locations in the Vicinity of BSLC System . 2-2 3-1 Big Springs / Lake Creek Study Area . 3-2 4-1 Summary of Study Discharge Measurements . 4-2 4-2 Looking southwest - Site 1.1.2 Big Springs Creek (foreground) and Site 1.2.4 Okelberry Diversion Ditch (background) . 4-4 4-3 Site 2 During the Irrigation Season . 4-5 4-4 Site 3 During the Irrigation Season Measurement Field Event . 4-7 4-5 Site 5 Irrigation Season Measurement . 4-8 4-6 Site 6 Looking Downstream at the Control. House Diversion Ditch is on the Left Side of the Photo. 4-8 4-7 NDWR Staff Measuring Site 7 During the Non-Irrigation Season . 4-9 4-8 SNWA Staff Inspect Site 8 During February 2014 Pre-Event Field Trip . 4-10 4-9 Site 12 During Non-Irrigation Season . 4-12 4-10 Site 13 During the Pre-Event Field Trip February 2014 . 4-13 4-11 Electrical Conductivity and Discharge Measurements During Irrigation and Non-Irrigation Seasons . 4-15 4-12 Dissolved Oxygen and Discharge Measurements During Irrigation and Non-Irrigation Seasons . 4-16 A-1 Big Springs Seepage Study Land Ownership Nevada . .A-1 A-2 Big Springs Seepage Study Land Ownership Utah . .A-2 B-1 Big Springs Northwest Monitor Well. .B-1 B-2 Big Springs Southwest Monitor Well. .B-1 B-3 Historical Hydrograph UGS AG 15A . .B-2 B-4 Historical Hydrograph Well 384714114051001 . .B-2 iii Southern Nevada Water Authority - Water Resources Division FIGURES (CONTINUED) NUMBER TITLE PAGE B-5 Historical Hydrograph Well 384702114041601 . .B-3 B-6 Historical Hydrograph Well 384702114034101 . .B-3 B-7 Historical Hydrograph UGS PW02A . .B-4 B-8 Historical Hydrograph UGS PW02B . .B-4 B-9 Historical Hydrograph UGS SG23B Needle Point Spring. .B-5 B-10 Historical Hydrograph UGS AG 16A . .B-5 B-11 Historical Hydrograph UGS AG 16B. .B-6 B-12 Historical Hydrograph UGS AG 16C. .B-6 C-1 Aerial Imagery Overview Map. .C-1 C-2 Big Springs Creek to Pruess Lake Synoptic Study Large Scale Atlas 1a . .C-2 C-3 Big Springs.