TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION 3 RESEARCH ACTIVITIES 4 Faculty Grants for Individual Research 4 Other Faculty Support and Faculty Nominations 4 Faculty Research Leaves 5 Conferences 5 Weatherhead Initiative in International Affairs 5 LIBRARY 6 WEB DEVELOPMENT 6 FINANCES 6 RESEARCH PROGRAMS AND SEMINARS 9 Africa 9 Canada and U.S.–Canada Relations 9 Communist and Postcommunist Countries 10 Comparative Politics 11 Director’s Seminar 13 Ethics and International Affairs 13 Europe 14 Fellows Program 15 Harvard Academy for International and Area Studies 18 International Economics 26 John H. Olin Institute for Strategic Studies 46 Justice 30 Middle East 36 Political Development 39 Political Economy 40 Political Violence 43 Program on International Conflict Analysis and Resolution 25 Program on Nonviolent Sanctions and Cultural Survival 36 Program on U.S.–Japan Relations 28 Redefining Boundaries of Belonging 44 South Asia 45 Student Programs 50 Transnational Security 57 U.S. Foreign Policy 58 CALENDAR OF EVENTS 59 PUBLICATIONS 79 ADMINISTRATION 92 Visiting Committee 92 Executive Committee 92 Staff 93

CONTENTS 2001/2002 1

WEATHERHEAD CENTER FOR INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

2001–2002 THE CENTER FOR INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS WAS FOUNDED IN 1958.In the spring of 1998 it was renamed the Weatherhead Center for International Affairs in gratitude for the magnificent endowment established by Albert and Celia Weatherhead and the Weatherhead Foundation. The Center is the largest international research center in the social sciences within Harvard University’s Faculty of Arts and Sciences. The core interests of the Weatherhead Center are broadly defined to encompass research on international, transnational, and comparative topics (both contemporary and historical) and include rigorous policy analysis as well as the study of specific countries and regions besides the United States. The Center is structured to encourage the highest practical level of personal and intellectual interaction among a diverse community of scholars and practitioners. It is distinctive in its recognition that knowledge is a product not only of individual academic research, but also of vigorous, sustained intellectual dialogue among scholars and nonacademic experts. To stimulate this dialogue, the Center sponsors an array of seminars, research programs, workshops, and conferences. These activities encourage interaction among resident affiliates and involve a wide variety of scholars, government and military officials, corporate executives, and practitioners from around the world. The Center houses over a dozen professors, several- dozen graduate students and postdoctoral fellows, nearly two-dozen Fellows, and many visiting scholars, associate, and staff. The Weatherhead Center is composed of diverse research communities, including faculty from all ranks, graduate and undergraduate students principally at the dissertation or senior thesis stages, visiting scholars, and nonacademic Fellows. The faculty and students come from all the social science departments, and nearly all schools of the University. It is part of the Center’s mission to support and connect work conducted throughout the University on the affairs of other countries and cultures. Faculty research defines the fundamental activities of the Center and orients its priorities. The specific research activities and programs of the Center respond to faculty initiative, and they change as faculty and research priorities shift. The Center, therefore, is structured to maximize a capacity for responding, flexibly and swiftly, to scholarly initiative. The Weatherhead Center supports the research, houses, and helps finance the work of graduate students from various schools of the University. The Center awards many grants to undergraduates for conducting field research in various countries for senior theses. The results of Center research are made available to the public policy community through books, working papers, articles, reports, seminars and lectures, and through the personal participation of Center members in policy planning and decision-making in governments and institutions outside the University. A faculty director who is assisted by an executive director heads the Center. An executive committee, primarily composed of senior Harvard faculty involved in Center-sponsored programs, provides guidance on matters of substance and policy. Professor Jorge I. Domínguez, Clarence Dillon Professor of International Affairs, is the Center director. James A. Cooney is the executive director. Academic year 2001–02 was the Center’s last at Coolidge Hall, 1737 Cambridge Street, Cambridge. On June 12, 2002, the Center’s doors re-opened at its new home, 1033 Massachusetts Avenue, on the Harvard University campus in Cambridge, Massachusetts. We expect to move yet again, during the latter part of academic year 2004–05, to new facilities to be built approximately on the site of Coolidge Hall.

ANNUAL REPORT 2001/2002 3 RESEARCH ACTIVITIES Other Faculty Support And Faculty Nominations Faculty Grants for Individual The Weatherhead Center also offers faculty Research associates support for a variety of research- The Center annually awards a limited number related purposes. Small grants of up to $1,500 of grants, up to $5,000, to individual scholars per academic year are awarded to faculty to pursue research on important international associates to fund, for example, research and comparative topics. The Center supports assistance or indexing. Dissemination of basic research that deepens an understanding research is facilitated by inviting junior faculty of the forces, both domestic and international, to request, once per semester, that the Center that is transforming many countries as well as circulate copies of their published or the international system. Proposals may unpublished work, with a cover letter, to up to include requests for travel, research assistance, ten scholars in their field. The Center also and other project-related expenses. They may offers staff support for resident faculty also include authors’ workshops for recently associates through a program that subsidizes published books. The subcommittee of the the services of administrative staff. Center’s Executive Committee reviews all these Applications for small grants and proposals. There are three deadlines during the dissemination of research are accepted academic year for these grants. throughout the academic year. Requests for Twelve faculty members received the following staff support must be submitted before the grants for 2001–02: beginning of each semester. Encouraging them Health and Disease in Sub-Saharan Africa: An to nominate visiting scholars, students and Interdisciplinary Workshop Fellows to the Center also supports the work of –Emmanuel Akyeampong faculty associates. Through these nominations, the faculty is able to bring to the Center those Research on Religion, Economics, and Political with whom they wish also enriching the Institutions intellectual life of the Center. Deadlines for –Robert Barro nominations vary according to the Systems Theory of World Politics appointment or award. –Lars-Erik Cederman Conferences State Appraisal: Transformations in Statistical The following conferences were sponsored or Institutions and the Russia State co-sponsored by the Weatherhead Center –Yoshiko M. Herrera during 2001–02: Diasporas and Development A Demographic Study of the Partition of –Devesh Kapur India: Is it Feasible? Odious debt policies, refugee policy, and –Jennifer Leaning military outsourcing Conference on the Measurement of Identity in –Michael Kremer the Social Sciences Words and Deeds: Mistrust and Reassurance in –Alastair Iain Johnston International Relations, Research Assistance Conference on Military Conflict and Public –Andrew Kydd Health International Organization –Lisa Martin –Lisa Martin The Future of U.S. Foreign Policy “Race” and the Transnational Genesis of –Steven Walt, Jorge Domínguez, and Jim “Blackness” Cooney –James Lorand Matory Informal Institutions and Politics in the Origins and Evolution for worker patrols in Developing World China –Steven Levitsky –Elizabeth Perry Mobilizing Science and Technology for The Geography of Ethnic Violence: Identity, Sustainable Development: Challenges for Interests, and the Indivisibility of Territory International Institutions –Monica Duffy Toft –William Clark In America’s Shadow: Global Responses to U.S. Research Group on Political Institutions and Preponderance Economic Policy (PIEP) –Stephen M. Walt –Jeffry Frieden and Ken Shepsle Social Movements in the South: Brazil, “diasporas” are a form of international social India and South Africa in capital. Comparative Perspective Ken Shepsle, faculty associate and Markham –Sanjeev Khagram Professor of Government, received a one- Transatlantic Perspectives on the U.S.–EU semester Faculty Research Fellowship for the Economic Relations: Convergence, Conflict academic year 2001–02 to complete a project and Cooperation that seeks to incorporate demographic –Robert Z. Lawrence thinking into political-economic modeling by linking theory and the events of the empirical Faculty Research Leaves world. Theoretically, Shepsle aims to build Stanley Hoffmann, faculty associate and Paul interest in “demographic dynamics” and create and Catherine Buttenwieser University a formal structure that accommodates a range Professor, received a one-semester Faculty of intertemporal phenomena that often are Research Fellowship for the academic year treated separately when, in fact, they share 2001–02 to complete a “volume” on the many features. An additional theoretical present nature of global society and of the consideration is the composition of the group ethical imperatives, choices, and constraints for and the manner in which it changes over time. this society. The volume is tentatively entitled Professor Shepsle seeks to understand the The Politics and Ethics of World Society. connection between demographic change in an Hoffman systematized and synthesized what electorate and the shape of its party system. he has taught in his courses and seminars on This requires both a theoretical model and the War, Political Thought and International creation of a new data set—a demographic Politics, Globalization, the Use of Force, profile of democratic electorates extending Nationalism, and the Ethics of World Politics. over time. As this project will proceed over the The first part will deal with world society, its next three to five years, Professor Shepsle nature and dynamics. The second part will be foresees a book-length manuscript consisting normative and return to the subject he treated of theory, quantitative analysis, and case in Duties Beyond Borders (1981), but written, studies. this time, for a world society very different The Weatherhead Initiative in from that of the cold war era, and dealing in International Affairs greater depth with fundamental moral issues. The goal for the volume is to provide students The Weatherhead Initiative in International of world affairs with a comprehensive Affairs supports large-scale, innovative understanding of the emerging global society, research on international topics at Harvard. its dynamics, its originality, and the moral The emphasis is on interfaculty research with a choices that will shape its evolution. clear integrative core. Approximately $220,000 is available each year to support one major Devesh Kapur, faculty associate and associate project, and small planning grants for professor of government, received a one- potential future projects are also available. The semester Faculty Research Fellowship for the first Weatherhead Initiative project, “Military academic year 2001–02 to complete a study Conflict as a Public Health Problem,” is aimed at examining the political and economic directed by Professors Gary King (Department impact of diasporas. The study will examine a of Government) and Chris Murray (School of range of issues: how and why diasporas differ Public Health). The second Weatherhead in the forms of engagement with the host Initiative project, launched in 2001–02, is on country; reexamination of one aspect of the role of identity—national, ethnic, religious, migration and diasporas that has been the and otherwise—in international and domestic subject of many earlier studies: remittances; politics. It is directed by Professors A. Iain the dynamic effects of “social” remittances on Johnston and Yoshiko Herrera (Department of reshaping individual preferences and social Government), Terry Martin (Department of norms and thereby becoming a factor for History), and Rawi Abdelal (Harvard Business social and political change; the implications for School). Beginning in the summer of 2002 the national level politics of diasporic resource most recent project focuses on “Religion in flows; the institutional effects of “brain-drain” Global Politics.” The team includes Harvard on countries of origin; the other side of faculty members Samuel P. Huntington, J. “brain-drain”—diasporas acting as “brain- Bryan Hehir, David Little, Jessica Stern, and banks”,“brain-trusts” and the like; and the Monica Toft. study will try to understand whether

ANNUAL REPORT 2001/2002 5 LIBRARY purchases; Various administrative links to the The Library at the Weatherhead Center for research, seminars, programs, conferences and International Affairs supports and facilitates people of the Center, many of which continued the Center’s current research needs, primarily a process of developing sophisticated pages of through the library’s journal collection and as their own, with Center assistance; Tools helpful an entrance to the vast Harvard library system. to Center faculty and staff for event The Weatherhead Center librarian works to scheduling, remote access to the Center’s e- direct patrons to the most appropriate mail system, and publications archives. collections of the more than 90 libraries at Harvard, as well as to libraries outside the In future phases of development the Center Harvard system. The library also provides intends to increase greatly the number of access to the Internet and assistance for academic articles available on its site, enhance researchers using the hundreds of electronic Web-based electronic services for faculty resources and searching tools available to conferences, respond to the technical interests members of the Harvard community. of Center faculty and other users, and make Information on the Weatherhead Center the site an important, easy to use, and relevant library’s 6,000 books and more than 80 scholarly tool. journals is available through the Hollis Staff Catalog, Harvard’s online public catalog, Steven B. Bloomfield, Director for Public which also contains records for most of Information Harvard’s libraries. Access to the database is Amanda Flohr, Web Communications available from any computer via the Internet, Specialist at the Harvard Library Web site Ethan Kiczek, Manager of Information http://lib.harvard.edu/index.html. Technology Amanda Pearson, Publications Manager WEB DEVELOPMENT FINANCES The 2001–02 academic year saw the inauguration of www.wcfia.harvard.edu as a Contributors potent new tool for the dissemination of the Akiyama Aiseikan scholarly work of the Center’s faculty. The Weatherhead Center began cultivating a Frank Boas significant presence on the Web that will play a Fondation Bogette–Pierre Keller growing role in projecting Harvard University Robert Bosch Foundation scholarship on international affairs to an BP Amoco Foundation incorporation expanding international audience of academics, policymakers, and students. Lynde and Harry Bradley Foundation The site provides: Carnegie Corporation of New York Faculty research available through categorical Maurice D. Copithorne fields of inquiry; author, subject, and title Cultural Survival Inc. searches. (This section alone received an average of 1000 The Honorable John Gunther Dean “hits” per month.) Information on scholarly Dillon Fund developments of special note: the three Fundacion Futuro Latinoamericano currently funded Weatherhead Initiatives the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation conferences and papers of the Research Group on Political Institutions and Economic Policy, Diego Hidalgo and research programs that were new to the Japan Foundation/Center for Global Partnership Center in 2001–02; the current week’s featured Japan–U.S. Friendship Commission events, including public seminars, conferences, Lt. General Glenn A. Kent. and special lectures, with hyperlinks to speaker biographies, seminar schedules, and relevant Sidney R. Knafel publications, including “downloadable” Ira Kukin seminar papers; “In the News” links to op-ed Herbert Levin and other pieces written by or about the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Center’s faculty associates; “Recent Books” by Foundation faculty associates, including scanned covers, editorial summaries, and links for book Michael D. Manshel John M. Mojdehi Norfolk Foundation Northrop Grumman Corp. Norwottock Charitable Trust John M. Olin Foundation, Inc. Sir Arthur Michael Palliser William B. Robinson Daniel and Joanna S. Rose Fund Inc Dr. James R. Schlesinger Ambassador Horacio Sevilla-Borja Adele Simmons Smith Richardson Foundation, Inc. Hugo E. Souza State Street Global Advisors Monteagle Stearns John Templeton Foundation Fritz Thyssen Foundation U.S. Department of Defense Virtual Research Associates, Inc. Weatherhead Foundation

ANNUAL REPORT 2001/2002 7 FINANCIAL SUMMARY

INCOME

Endowments $ 2,721,873 Research Programs Gifts, Fees, and Grants $ 2,189,478 Workshops, Corporate Associates, Seminars $ 42,757 Government Grants and Contracts $ 285,156 Other Fees and Support from FAS $ 11,844 Interest and Transfers from Reserves $ 16,900 Total Income $ 5,268,008

EXPENSES

Fellows Program $ 423,053 Program on Nonviolent Sanctions and Cultural Survival $ 221,272 Program on U.S.–Japan Relations $ 412,236 Olin Institute (Not including government contracts) $ 686,322 Program on International Conflict, Analysis, and Resolution $ 106,535 Canada Program $ 68,530 MacArthur Transnational Security Program $ 68,025 Thyssen and Bosch Fellowships $ 55,768 Academy Scholars Program and Conferences $ 563,830 Religion, Political Economy, and Society Project $ 139,006 Student Programs $ 176,672 Library $ 68,470 Publications $ 121,445 Visiting Scholars/Associates $ 1,548 Information Technology $ 322,655 Administration Personnel $ 625,969 Space, Maintenance, Infrastructure $ 87,199 Center Functions, Travel, Consultants, Phones, Supplies, Misc. $ 107,558 Sponsored Research Programs (Including Olin government contracts) $ 334,779 Support for Faculty Research, Conferences, Workshops and Seminars $ 573,052 Weatherhead Initiative $ 94,676 Transfer to Reserves $ 9,408

Total Expenses $ 5,268,008 BALANCE $ 0 RESEARCH AND SEMINAR PROGRAMS AFRICA March 14 The Weatherhead Center fosters research on “The Sharia Controversy: Religion and the Africa through its co-sponsorship with the Democratization Process in Nigeria,” Committee on African Studies and the Center Matthews Ojo, visiting professor, Harvard for International Development. The Africa Divinity School, Reader, Department of Seminar brings scholars of Africa to Harvard Religious Studies, Obafemi Awolowo to present papers on contemporary University. developments in regional economic and April 2 political affairs. During the 2000–01 academic “Human Development in Africa,” Felton year, the seminar met on a monthly basis and T. Earls, professor of social medicine and attracted faculty, students, and others child psychiatry, Harvard Medical School; interested in Africa from Harvard and the professor of human behavior and greater Boston academic community. development, Department of Maternal September 20 and Child Health, Harvard School of “Genocide in Rwanda: Why was the U.S. a Public Health. bystander?” Samantha Power,executive April 4 director, Carr Center for Human Rights, “What are the Limitations of John F. Kennedy School of Government. Conditionality in Making Aid Effective? A October 25 Case Study from Ghana,” Ernest Aryeetey, “Why and How Rebels and Soldiers Fight Cornell Visiting Professor, Department of in Africa,” Jeffrey Herbst, professor of Economics, Swarthmore College; former politics and international affairs, deputy director, Institute of Statistical, Princeton University. Social and Economic Research, University November 13 of Ghana. “The Graves are Not Yet Full: Race, Tribe April 4 and Power in the Heart of Africa,” Bill “Funding for the Arts in Africa,” Anita Berkeley, editorialist, New York Times; Wästberg, former head of culture and Adjunct Professor, Columbia University media, Swedish International School for International and Public Development Authority. Affairs; senior fellow, World Policy April 18 Institute, New School for Social Research. “Designing Better Electoral Systems for November 15 Emerging Democracies: Options for “Mobilization of Nigeria’s Human Kenya and South Africa,” Joel Barkan, Resources,” A. Babatunde Thomas, professor of political science, University of Nigerian Presidential Adviser on Human Iowa; senior consultant on government, Resources, Science and Technology, Public Sector Reform Unit, Africa Region, visiting scholar, Center for International World Bank; resident fellow, Woodrow Development, Harvard University. Wilson International Center. February 28 CANADA AND U.S.–CANADA RELATIONS “Sorcery and Democracy in Postwar Mozambique,” Harry West,fellow, The Weatherhead Center’s Canada Program Program in Agrarian Studies, Yale sponsored eight events during 2001–02, University; assistant professor, Graduate chaired by Angelo Melino, William Lyon Faculty of Political and Social Science, Mackenzie King Visiting Professor of Canadian New School for Social Research. Studies. The seven Canada Seminars examined border issues, tax comparisons, Canadian March 7 politics, Canada–U.S. relations, trade, and “Detention, Rehabilitation and the education policy. One of the Canada Seminars Destruction of Kikuyu Society during the was dedicated to a screening of Norman Mau Mau Emergency,” Caroline Elkins, Jewison’s motion picture “The Hurricane.” A assistant professor, Department of conference on “Canada–U.S. Economic and History, Harvard University. Monetary Integration,” held in May 2002, attracted about thirty scholars from both sides of the border.

ANNUAL REPORT 2001/2002 9 Canada Seminar Carmen Reinhart, University of Maryland Chair: Angelo Melino and International Monetary Fund. October 15 “Fundamental versus Speculative Forces in the Canadian Dollar Market,” John “Canada in North America: A Reluctant Murray, Royal Bank of Canada, Bride,” John McCallum, MP, Markham, Discussant: Serena Ng (Johns Hopkins former chief economist of the Royal Bank. University) November 19 “Asymmetric Shocks and Productivity “Building a Framework for Smart Dynamics in Core-Periphery Integration,” Economic Policy,” Jack M. Mintz, Rick Harris, Simon Fraser University, president and CEO of C. D. Howe Discussant: Francesco Caselli (Harvard Institute. University) December 3 Panel: “The Exchange Rate Regime, “Right, Left, and Center: the State of Productivity and Growth” Canada’s Parties,” The Honorable Robert Larry Schembri, Bank of Canada Keith Rae, former premier of Ontario. Michael Devereux, University of British February 11 Columbia “U.S. – Canada Relations,” The Honorable Rick Harris, Simon Fraser University Paul Cellucci, U.S. Ambassador to Panel: “North American Monetary Union” Canada. Pierre Fortin,UQAM February 27 Jeffrey Frankel, Harvard University Film screening of the movie “Hurricane” Jeffry Frieden, Harvard University by Norman Jewison, major motion film John Murray, Royal Bank of Canada director and producer. Angelo Melino, William Lyon Mackenzie March 18 Visiting Professor of Canadian Studies “Hemispheric Trade in a New Age of Uncertainty,” Stephen S. Poloz,vice COMMUNIST AND POSTCOMMUNIST president and chief economist of COUNTRIES Economic Development Corporation. April 22 Communist and Postcommunist Countries Seminar “Economic Perspectives on Policy Changes in Canadian Education,” David From the 1970s to the 1990s, countries with Johnson, professor of economics, Wilfrid communist political systems faced certain Laurier University. similar challenges and responded to them in remarkably different ways. In the 1980s, all Canada – U.S. Economic and Monetary communist party leaderships confronted Integration challenges to the political legitimacy of their May 9–11 rule; by the beginning of the 1990s, communist regimes survived only in Cuba and Panelists: East Asia. In the 1990s, nearly every “Free Trade, Firm Heterogeneity and communist and postcommunist country Canadian Productivity,” Keith Head, confronted crises of identity and political University of British Columbia. economy. The communist and postcommunist Discussant: Nadia Soboleva (University of worlds, in turn, pose challenges for the Toronto) redesign of the international system: China is “The Effect of Common Currencies on growing as a major power, and Russia is International Trade: A Meta-Analysis,” groping for a new international role. Andrew Rose, University of California. Harvard University has a stellar cast of faculty, Discussant: Silvana Tenreyro (Harvard which works on nearly every communist and University) postcommunist country as well as on virtually all the issues just noted. These professors are “What have we learned so far from the associated with various departments and introduction of the euro?” Alberto several research centers and institutes, and Alesina, Harvard University. though many know each other casually, they “The Modern History of Exchange Rate rarely have the opportunity to exchange views Arrangements: A Reinterpretation,” on scholarly matters of common concern. November 1 Thus, an all-faculty seminar on communist “India’s Institutions and Economic and postcommunist countries was founded in Performance,” Devesh Kapur. 1998. Each session is deliberately comparative, December 4 seeking to engage these scholars in thinking about themes common to various countries. In “Varieties of Capitalism and Institutional this fashion, the seminar harnessed the Complementarities in the Macroeconomy: scholarly study of specific areas through An Empirical Analysis,” Peter A. Hall and comparative analysis. Daniel W. Gingerich. The seminar is co-chaired by Professors February 5 Timothy Colton, Jorge Domínguez, Grzegorz “Sustaining Fixed Rates: The Political Ekiert, and Elizabeth Perry. Economy of Currency Pegs in Latin October 9 America,” S. Brock Blomberg and Jeffry “Marriage and the Family in China and Frieden. Cuba,” Martin Whyte (Department of April 2 Sociology) and Jorge Domínguez “Divided Minority Government and (Department of Government). Democracy,” Cindy Skach. November 20 April 16 “State Sprawl in China and Eastern Comparative Politics Field Seminar Europe,” Anthony Saich (Kennedy School Syllabus Discussion of Government) and Grzegorz Ekiert (Department of Government). Workshop in Comparative Politics February 28 In its eighth year, the Research Workshop on “Boris Yeltsin, Deng Xiaoping, and Jiang the Performance of Democracy was renamed Zemin,” Timothy Colton (Department of the Workshop in Comparative Politics. This Government) and Roderick MacFarquhar yearlong research workshop on issues covering (Department of Government). the challenges of democracy and democratization is designed for Harvard COMPARATIVE POLITICS doctoral students in the social sciences. This has been an indispensable forum for students’ Comparative Politics Seminar presentations of thesis prospectuses, draft Harvard University hosts a great many chapters, and draft papers, while faculty professors with interests in comparative leading the workshop also present research in politics. Some study specific countries or progress, allowing graduate students to engage issues, others focus on key themes such as with research that is “not yet ready for prime political economy, and several emphasize work time.” Draft articles and draft chapters from on formal models of politics. For the most book manuscripts from faculty have included part, these scholars have interacted little with Robert Putnam’s Bowling Alone, Michael other. Thus, the principal purpose of the Sandel’s Democratic Discontent, Eva Bellin’s Comparative Politics seminar is to facilitate Stalled Democracy, and Robert Bates’ work on discussions among professors whose approach “analytic narratives.” Students from other area to the study of the subject differs. To advance schools also participate in these workshops, as this objective, we emphasized the prior space permits. distribution and reading of papers; there were Professors Samuel Huntington, Elizabeth few, if any, oral remarks made by the speakers Perry, and Cindy Skach led the workshop in at the meetings themselves. The purpose of the 2001–02. Supported initially by a grant from meetings was discussion, commentary, the Mellon Foundation, the seminar was criticism, and suggestions. The subject matter developed under the leadership of Robert was quite open. Professors Devesh Kapur and Putnam when he was director of the Center. Jorge Domínguez chaired the seminar during Occasionally, guest scholars are invited to 2001–02. present their research. Over the past few years, October 2 such presenters have included Torben Iversen, “Competitive Authoritarianism: Hybrid Sid Verba, Thomas Ertman, Gary King, Regime Change in Peru and Ukraine in Ronald Inglehart, and Carles Boix. Comparative Perspective,” Steve Levitsky and Lucan A.Way.

ANNUAL REPORT 2001/2002 11 September 19 December 5 “The State and National Identity,” Samuel “Constitutional Courts and Huntington. Multiculturalism,” Cindy Skach Discussant: Fiona Barker Discussant: Brian McGraw September 26 “Market Producing Federalism in the “Mexican Elections Campaign,” Jorge Post-Soviet Economy,” Lucan Way Domínguez. Discussant: Jacques Hymans Discussant: Michael Lewis-Beck December 12 October 3 “Immigration and the Welfare State,” Discussion of fieldwork techniques Fiona Barker October 10 Discussant: Jorge Domínguez “Time, Space, and Institutional Change in “Pride, Prejudice, and the Bomb,” Jacques Eastern Europe,” Stephen Hanson. Hymans Discussant: Pauline Jones-Luong Discussant: Jens Rydgren October 17 January 30 “Generation and Electoral Change in “Bankers, Voters, and Politicians,” Gabriel Japan,” Masaru Miyano. Aguilera Discussant: William Phelan Discussant: Shannon O’Neil Trowbridge October 24 February 2 “Tactical use of Emotions during the “French Sociology of International Chinese Revolution,” Elizabeth Perry Relations and 9/11,” Jacques Hymans Discussant: Naunihal Singh Discussant: Fiona Barker “Radical Right Populism in the EU,” Jens “Welfare State Reform and State-Society Rydgren Relations in Latin America,” Shannon O’Neil Trowbridge Discussant: Elizabeth Perry Discussant: Maria Dimitrova Popova October 31 February 6 “Judicial Behavior and Rule of Law in Russia,” Maria Dimitrova Popova “Reconsidering the State: Lessons from Postcommunism,” Anna Gryzmala-Busse Discussant: Shannon O’Neil Trowbridge and Pauline Jones-Luong November 7 Discussant: Elizabeth Perry “State building, History and Rural Politics February 13 in Peru,” Hillel Soifer “Divided Majorities in the Fifth Republic Discussant: Maria Dimitrova Popova and Rational Timing of Dissolution,” “Domestic Politics and International Cindy Skach Competition,” William Phelan Discussant: Anna Gryzmala-Busse Discussant: Masaru Miyano February 20 November 14 “China’s Neighborhood Committees and “Ghanaian Coup Dynamics,” Naunihal Their Constituents,” Ben Read Singh March 6 Discussant: Lucan Way “Politics of Islamic Finance,” Kristin “Energy, Wealth, and Institution Smith Building,” Pauline Jones-Luong Discussant: Naunihal Singh Discussant: Samuel Huntington March 13 November 28 “Armed Workers and the State in Modern “The Efficacy of Latin American China,” Elizabeth Perry Bureaucracies,” Shannon O’Neil Discussant: Cindy Skach Trowbridge March 20 Discussant: Hillel Soifer “Japanese Electoral Change from the Point “Religious Political Parties,” Brian McGraw of Generation,” Masaru Miyano Discussant: Cindy Skach Discussant: Shigeo Hirano Naunihal Singh “Towards Explaining State Strength in Cindy Skach Latin America,” Hillel Soifer Kristin Smith Discussant: Samuel Huntington Hillel Soifer April 3 Shannon O’Neil Trowbridge Prospectus Draft, Fiona Barker Lucan Way Discussant: Hillel Soifer Gergana Yankova April 10 “American National Identity,” Samuel DIRECTOR’S SEMINAR Huntington Jorge I. Domínguez, director of the Discussant: Jacques Hymans Weatherhead Center for International Affairs, led these monthly sessions on subjects of Prospectus Draft, William Phelan current importance in international affairs. A Discussant: Ben Read Center tradition, these informal roundtable April 17 discussions are initiated by Fellows of the “Bureaucratic Politics and Failure of Center. The Fellows use their professional Banking Reform in China,” Victor Shih experience as points of departure to contribute thoughts and present perspectives on the issues Discussant: Gabriel Aguilera at hand. The seminars are beneficial to all “Military Coups from the Middle,” members of the Center and other interested Naunihal Singh individuals from the University community. Discussant: Victor Shih October 1 April 24 “The Terrorist Attack on the U.S.: “Judiciary / Former Communist States,” Reactions from Abroad,” Yusup Magdiev, Maria Dimitrova Popova Hany Salah Mostafa, and Xavier Lewis. Discussant: Kristin Smith November 5 “Islamist Parties in Parliament,” Khaled “The Challenge for World Leaders: Halmey Governing After September 11,” Carlos Blanco, Takaaki Kojima, and Rolf Nikel. Discussant Pauline Jones-Luong December 3 2001–02 Participants “A North American Community—The Gabriel Aguilera Road Ahead,” Carlos Rico, George Fiona Barker Haynal, and Patricia Gabel. Deborah Boucoyannis February 11 Jorge Domínguez “Russia and Its Neighbors,” Garnik Nanagoulian, Kakhi Kenkadze, Yusup Anna Gryzmala-Busse Magdiev, and Rolf Nikel. Khaled Halmy March 18 Stephen Hanson “The Non-Event of the Euro?” Xavier Shigeo Hirano Lewis, Mark Dickinson, and Jacques Samuel Huntington Pellet. Jacques Hymans April 22 Pauline Jones-Luong “Making Coalitions Work,” Greg Rieko Kage Kaufmann, and Chris Wright, Weatherhead Center Fellows, and Shunji Bryan McGraw Izutsu, Program on U.S.–Japan Relations. Masaru Miyano Elizabeth Perry ETHICS AND INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS William Phelan Seminar on Ethics and International Maria Dimitrova Popova Affairs Benjamin Read The Seminar on Ethics and International Victor Shih Affairs, now in its ninth year, continued at the

ANNUAL REPORT 2001/2002 13 Weatherhead Center during 2001–02. The Center for International Affairs. This is the seminar is under the faculty leadership of sixth year of the series. Stanley Hoffmann. Yannis Evrigenis and Annie November 1 Stilz, both third-year Ph.D. students in “Key Belgian Perspectives on the Belgian Government, served as co-facilitators. EU Presidency,” Alex Reyn, Ambassador of The seminar met on Wednesdays and Belgium to the U.S.; Jean De Ruyt, Thursdays, several times a semester, and was Ambassador, Permanent Representative of able to bring together a diverse audience from Belgium to the United Nations; and both the academic and the policymaking Bernard Snoy, Member of the Board of communities to discuss ethical implications of Directors of the European Bank for international issues. The series of five panels, Reconstruction and Development “Understanding September 11,” were of (EBRD), London. particular note this year which brought November 14 together undergraduates, graduate students, faculty, and members of the community “Can the Euro and European Integration during the month of October. Panels covered Still Succeed?” Günter Grosche, secretary South Asian history, Islam, terrorism, and of the Economic and Financial international responses, and they involved Committee, European Commission. presentations from faculty from across the December 13 university. “Improving Democratic Governance in Our regular program this year included: J. the European Union,” Jerome Vignon, Brian Atwood, former director, USAID; Joel principal advisor, European Commission. Trachtman (Tufts University); Amir Attaran (KSG); Michael Hardt (Duke University); Faculty Seminar on European David Rieff (author, Slaughterhouse: Bosnia Integration and the Failure of the West); and Stanley The faculty seminar is more focused on Hoffmann (Harvard University). research. It aims to facilitate an Topics included U.S. foreign aid policy, the interdisciplinary discussion across ethics of globalization, the AIDS crisis in departments and centers on issues of European Africa, empire and war, and humanitarianism. integration by inviting experts from Europe and the United States. It seeks to link European EUROPE Union studies to scholarly debates in The Weatherhead Center has placed increasing international relations, international law, emphasis on European activities, ranging from comparative politics, and political economy. undergraduate study groups, to conferences, to The seminar is co-sponsored by the EU Center the ongoing European Union seminar series. of Harvard University and is directed by The Center is an active participant in Christian Tuschhoff, Ralph I. Straus Visiting Harvard’s European Union Center, and it Professor. works closely with the Kennedy School of October 10 Government, the Law School, and the Center “Federalism and Fiscal Performance: for European Studies to coordinate Europe- Germany in Comparative Perspective,” related events. Beginning in 2001 the Jonathan Rodden, Political Science Weatherhead Center and the Kennedy School Department, MIT. jointly sponsored the Ralph I. Strauss Visiting Professorship in European Union Affairs. With October 18 the support of Frank Boas, the Center also “The Future of Europe Debate. Thinking organizes the annual Spaak Lecture on EU Outside the Box,” Kalypso Nicolaidis, questions. Oxford University and the John F. Kennedy School of Government. Visions of European Governance Seminar October 22 A lecture series of Harvard’s European Union “European Security Integration, NATO Center sponsored by the Minda de Gunzburg and the Transatlantic Link,” Heinz Center for European Studies; the John F. Gaertner, Institute for International Kennedy School of Government; the Jean Studies, Stanford University, and Institute Monnet Program of Harvard Law School; the for International Affairs, University of Harvard Business School; and the Weatherhead Vienna. November 8 Fellows offered views on their governments’ “Types of Multi-Level Governance. An reactions to shifts in U.S. policy and behavior. Application to the European Union,” An October 1 Director’s Seminar offered an Liesbeth Hooghe, Political Science official overseas reaction to the attacks, Department, University of North moderated by Jorge I. Domínguez with a panel Carolina. of Fellows from Egypt, Uzbekistan, and the European Union, and attracted an audience of November 30 more than 100; an equally interested audience “Globalization and European of faculty, students, and Center staff joined an Regionalism,” Peter Katzenstein, early November Director’s Seminar that Government Department, Cornell addressed the new challenges of governing University. faced by world leaders, and included a panel of December 3 Fellows from Germany, Japan, and Venezuela. “Closing God’s Playground: EU Recognizing the important contributions Membership and National Identity in of this class of Fellows, organizations both East-Central Europe,” Hubert Tworzecki, within the Harvard community and beyond Political Science Department, Emory invited them to speak at conferences and University. seminars during the year. Fellows participated in the speakers’ series of the Weatherhead FELLOWS PROGRAM Student Council and in the Harvard Model UN, and also spoke to groups at other Boston- The Fellows Program began the 2001–02 area universities, including MIT and the academic year with a new director, Kathleen Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy at Tufts Molony, and nineteen Fellows in residence. University. The Fellows were individually The Fellows represented more than a dozen engaged in the activities and work of other countries, including those participating for the Harvard centers and programs, including the first time, Ukbekistan and Croatia, as well as Program on U.S.–Japan Relations, Minda de those represented infrequently in recent years, Gunzburg Center for European Studies, John Georgia and Egypt. Career diplomats, career F. Kennedy School of Government, David military officers, a professional journalist, Rockefeller Center for Latin American Studies, former senior government officials, and two Davis Center for Russian Research, Institute of attorneys spent a full year together, Politics of the John F. Kennedy School of participating actively in the intellectual life of Government, the Asia Center, and the Fairbank the Center and the University. All highly Center for East Asian Research. experienced practitioners of international The Fellows benefited from their affairs, they attended seminars, met professors, interactions with faculty, students, non- audited classes, and conducted independent academic researchers, Center staff, research. They also spent considerable time practitioners of international affairs in the together as a group, sharing ideas and debating local community, and fellows in other international issues shaped by the events of programs. Their interactions with students this past year. And, indeed, for many in the were also deepened through the program’s program, this turned out to be a watershed undergraduate research initiative, in which year. The dialogue in which they engaged undergraduates with a specific research interest following the events of September 11 had a are “paired” with Fellows. The undergrads profound impact on all the Fellows, and even assisted Fellows with their research papers, lent prompted a few to consider career changes. guidance in navigating the university library Without exception, the Fellows system, helped identify sources of information, enthusiastically shared their experiences and and offered editorial comments. In return, the their perspectives with others. Particularly in undergraduates learned valuable lessons from the early months of the year, following their new “mentors” in the practice of September 11, most felt they had an obligation international affairs. to lend their voices to the analysis of “what This year’s Fellows were also made aware went wrong” and to consider how they, and of the enduring quality of the program, and of others in the Harvard community, should the important network to which they have respond and react to recent events. The been connected. Former Fellows, including Americans in the group, primarily the military participants from the early years of the officers, spoke to students about a likely U.S. program, traveled long distances to attend a military response, while the international late September Memorial Service for the late

ANNUAL REPORT 2001/2002 15 Benjamin Brown, director of the program Academy at West Point, a visit that helped the from 1960 (two years after its founding) to Fellows understand the important role of the 1983. There were touching remembrances, military in American life, and which provided both at the formal service in Memorial Church an important contrast to the academic and at a Loeb House dinner, from people who experience at Harvard. had played important roles in Ben’s life at The final study tour, to Taiwan in May, Harvard, including former Fellows Maurice served as an appropriate conclusion to a most Copithorne (Canada, 1974–75), Mangalam interesting year. Cheryl Shou-lu Lai, the Srinivasan (India, 1977–78), and Sir Michael professional journalist in the current class, Palliser (U.K., 1982); Steve Bloomfield, director worked closely with the Ministry of Foreign of the program from 1993 to 2001, read Affairs on the Fellows program. The week-long remarks from Adnan Abu-Odeh (Jordan, program was distinguished by its diversity and 1975–76). The Fellows were also privileged to substance, and provided the Fellows an meet one of the program’s co-founders, Robert opportunity to experience “another side” of Bowie. Taiwan and its people. The Fellows of 2001–02 The opportunity to spend time together as are grateful to Cheryl Shou-Lu Lai for this a group, as Fellows, proved to be extremely contribution to their program experience. valuable. The Fellows met weekly over Fellows Friday Lunch Seminars breakfast to listen to one another, to share their individual experiences, and to debate. These Chair: Kathleen Molony discussions during the year covered a broad September 21 range of topics, as Fellows considered differing “American Politics Today,” Michael interpretations of globalization, the future of Dukakis, former Governor of the Balkans, issues of national identity, and Massachusetts; former presidential American options with respect to national candidate (1988) of the Democratic Party; security, to name just a few. Fellows also shared professor of political science, their insights and knowledge of important Northeastern University, Boston. events in their countries as they occurred. For September 28 example, Carlos Blanco, who previously served in the Venezuelan cabinet, briefed the group “Reflections on the Current on the failed coup in his country, while Jacques Administration,” Roger B. Porter, IBM Pellet, a French diplomat, provided a detailed Professor of Business and Government, analysis of France’s recent presidential election. John F. Kennedy School of Government, The group dynamic was shaped, too, by Harvard University. experiences on several trips. On each of these October 5 trips, individual Fellows contributed to the “Ruling the Waves: Business and Politics program. George Haynal, a diplomat from Along the Technological Frontier,” Debora Canada, helped guide us through the first Spar, Associate Professor of Business, study tour, to Canada, in late August. Under Government and the International the generous sponsorship of The Department Economy, Harvard Business School. of Foreign Affairs and International Trade October 19 (DFAIT), the Fellows traveled to Ottawa, Calgary, and Montreal, where they considered “Dual Citizenship,” Nathan Glazer, the role of energy in the economy, the Professor Emeritus of Education and continuing debate over federal-provincial Social Structure, Harvard Graduate School issues, and Canada’s unique role in the of Education international arena. During the mid-term October 26 period in January, the Fellows traveled to the “Hegemony or Survival,” Noam U.S. South on a trip facilitated by the U.S. Chomsky, Institute Professor and Department of State. They met veterans of the Professor of Linguistics, MIT. civil rights movement in Mississippi, discussed November 2 energy policy with Conoco executives in Houston, and were briefed by the U.S. Border “Has Global Politics Changed?” Samuel Patrol at the U.S. border with Mexico. In Huntington, Albert J. Weatherhead III Tucson, Colonel Bill DelGrego facilitated a University Professor, and Chairman, memorable visit to Davis-Monthan Air Force Harvard Academy for International and Base. In late spring, Colonel Greg Kaufmann Area Studies. led a two-day trip to the U.S. Military November 9 Fellows Special Seminars and Visits “Challenges in Southwest Asia,” Thomas December 6–7 Simons, former U.S. Ambassador to Participation by some Fellows in Pakistan and professor at Stanford international simulation on missile University; and Farooq Hassan,Fellow defense at U.S. Naval War College, (1989–90), and advisor to Government of Newport, Rhode Island, hosted by Pakistan on foreign affairs. Ambassador Paul Taylor. November 16 February 25 “Reflections on U.S. Trade Policy: The “Reflections on U.S. Policy in the Middle Clinton Administration and Beyond,” East,” Dennis Ross, lecturer in public Robert Z. Lawrence, Albert L. William policy, John F. Kennedy School of Professor of International Trade and Government. Investment, John F. Kennedy School of March 8 Government, Harvard University. “The World Economy Post 9/11,” November 30 Lawrence Summers, President, Harvard “The State of the U.S. After September University. 11,” Mickey Edwards, Lecturer in Public March 13–14 Policy, John F. Kennedy School of Government. Program on International Conflict Analysis and Resolution Workshop; February 1 Leader: Donna Hicks,Deputy Director, “Ordinary Liberties: The Meaning and Program on International Conflict Practice of Freedom in Everyday Analysis and Resolution, and Herbert American Life,” Orlando Patterson, John Kelman, Director, Program on Cowles Professor of Sociology, Harvard International Conflict Analysis and University. Resolution. February 15 April 5 “Democratic Phoenix: Political Activism Visit to Massachusetts General Hospital, Worldwide,” Pippa Norris, associate with briefing by Peter Slavin,MD, director of the Joan Shorenstein Center on chairman and chief executive officer, the Press, Politics, and Public Policy, John Massachusetts General Physicians F. Kennedy School of Government. Organization. February 22 April 12 “Global Governance—The Corporate “The Tension between Fighting Terrorism Connection,” John Ruggie, Evron and and Protecting Civil Liberties,” Richard Jeane Kirkpatrick Professor of Goldstone, Justice of the Constitutional International Affairs, John F. Kennedy Court of South Africa. School of Government. June 10 March 1 “Reflections on the Taiwan trip,” meeting “The New World Disorder and the Role of with Ezra Vogel, Henry Ford II Research Development Cooperation,” Brian Professor of the Social Sciences. Atwood, adjunct lecturer in public policy, Kennedy School of Government, and Fellows and their Research Papers former administrator, USAID. Carlos Blanco (Venezuela), economist and March 22 political analyst, director, Blanco & “Why International Affairs Practitioners Asociados Consultores, Caracas Should Study Jazz,” Robert Levin,Dwight “Revolucion y Desilusion—La Venezuela de P. Robinson, Jr. Professor of the Chavez” Humanities, Harvard University. William DelGrego (U.S.) Military officer, U.S. April 19 Air Force (Colonel), Commander, 335th “The U.S.–China–Taiwan Triangle,” Ezra Fighter Squad, Seymour Johnson Air Force Vogel, Henry Ford II Research Professor Base, North Carolina of the Social Sciences, Harvard University. “The Decision to Use Military Force: National Security Interest, the Military

ANNUAL REPORT 2001/2002 17 Intervention Ethic, and Decision-Making Xavier Lewis (France and United Kingdom) for Senior Military and Civilian international civil servant, Commission of Government Officials” the European Union, member of the Legal Mark Dickinson (United Kingdom) diplomat, Service, Brussels foreign and commonwealth office, “Jurisdiction in Transatlantic Antitrust Ambassador to Macedonia, Skopje Cases: Much Ado about Nothing?” “A Teacup in a Storm? Two Crises in Yusup Magdiev (Uzbekistan) diplomat, Macedonia, 1999–2001” Ministry of Foreign Affairs, head, U.S. and Patricia Gabel (U.S.) lawyer, president, Gabel Canada Division, Tashkent International, Montreal, Canada “Uzbekistan: Questions on the Path to “Masculinity Cartel” Democracy (A Social-Political Review)” Alfonso Gomez Mendez (Colombia) lawyer Hany Salah Mostafa (Egypt) diplomat, and government minister, Attorney Ministry of Foreign Affairs, second General, Santafé de Bogotá secretary, Office of the Deputy Assistant Foreign Minister for International Political William Griffin (U.S.) military officer, U.S. Affairs, Cairo Navy (Commander), commanding officer, VAQ–137 Rooks, Naval Air Station “Japan and the Middle East: Historical Whidbey Island, Oak Harbor, Washington Background and Future Prospects” “The International Criminal Court: Rolf Nikel (Germany) diplomat, Ministry of Panacea or Exercise in Futility?” Foreign Affairs, head, Eastern Europe Department, Federal Chancellery, Berlin George Haynal (Canada) diplomat, Department of Foreign Affairs and “Missile Defense: U.S. Foreign Policy and International Trade, assistant deputy the New World Order” minister for the Americas, Ottawa Jacques Pellet (France) diplomat, Ministry of “DOA: Diplomacy on the Ascendant in the Foreign Affairs, deputy consul general, Age of Disintermediation” Shanghai Greg Kaufmann (U.S.) military officer, U.S. Drago Stambuk (Croatia) diplomat, Ministry Army (Colonel), director, Balkans Task of Foreign Affairs, head, Department of Force, Office of the Secretary of Defense, Culture, Science and Education, Zagreb Washington, DC “Wake Up the World: America Among the “Wielding the Instruments of National Nations in the Aftermath of September 11” Power” Christopher Wright (United Kingdom) civil Kakhi Kenkadze (Georgia) diplomat, Office of servant, Ministry of Defence, command the President, State Chancellery, deputy secretary, Headquarters, Royal Air Force director, International Relations Service, Strike Command, High Wycombe Tbilisi “The Problem with Coalitions” “Russian-Georgian Relations” HARVARD ACADEMY FOR Takaaki Kojima (Japan) diplomat, Ministry of INTERNATIONAL AND AREA STUDIES Foreign Affairs, Consul General, Sao Paolo, Brazil The Harvard Academy for International and Area Studies is dedicated to increasing our “International Conflicts over the knowledge of the world’s major cultures and of Extraterritorial Application of Competition the relations among them. The Academy is Law in a Borderless Economy” based on the premise that knowledge and Nicolaos Kotzias (Greece) diplomatic advisor, understanding of other countries and cultures Ministry of Foreign Affairs, head of the require a combination of rigorous disciplinary advisory team, Cabinet of the Foreign skill and deep area expertise. The Academy was Minister, Athens founded in 1986 on the initiative of Faculty of “Dialectics of the Global and the National Arts and Sciences Dean Henry Rosovsky, who in the Sphere of Culture” served as its chairman until 1996 when Samuel Cheryl Shou-lu Lai (Taiwan) journalist, Taipei Huntington succeeded him. It was created in Times,news editor,Taipei response to a growing devaluation of the importance of area studies (knowledge of the “Islanders’ Identity: In Pursuit of local language, culture, history, and Separateness” institutions of other societies) in the training Professor of History and Political Science; and research of social scientists. The Academy’s chairman, Department of Government core mission is to bridge this gap between the Edward Roger Owen, A.J. Meyer Professor of social sciences and area studies. To accomplish Middle East History; director, Center for this goal, it sponsors two major programs. Middle Eastern Studies The Academy Scholars Program supports Dwight H. Perkins, Harold Hitchings Burbank exceptional scholars who are at the start of Professor of Political Economy their careers and whose work combines excellence in a social science discipline Susan J. Pharr, Edwin O. Reischauer Professor (including history and law) with an in-depth of Japanese Politics; director, Program on grounding in a particular country or region. U.S.–Japan Relations, WCFIA Those selected as Academy Scholars are given STAFF time, guidance, access to Harvard facilities, and substantial financial assistance as they conduct James Clem, executive officer either dissertation or postdoctoral research in Beth Baiter, program coordinator their chosen fields and areas. The Global ACADEMY SCHOLARS Cultures Program builds on the area expertise of the Academy Scholars and the senior Brian Keith Axel Harvard faculty associated with the Academy Kanchan Chandra to promote study and understanding of the John Giles similarities, differences, and relations among Julian Go the world’s principal cultural groupings. To accomplish this end, the Academy undertakes Anna Grzymala-Busse research projects, organizes seminars and Rebecca Hardin conferences, and sponsors publications dealing Macartan Humphreys (spring 2002) with these issues. Pauline Jones Luong Organization Lucan Way The Academy is an autonomous entity within the framework of the Weatherhead Center for HARVARD ACADEMY AFFILIATE International Affairs. Its leadership includes a Lawrence Harrison chairman and a committee of Senior Scholars appointed by the Dean of the Faculty of Arts Academy Scholar Research Topics and Activities and Sciences. In 2001–02 they were: Brian Keith Axel: During the 2001–02 year as CHAIRMAN an Academy Scholar, Brian Keith Axel had Samuel P.Huntington, Albert J. Weatherhead several articles and a book published, III University Professor including the following: From the Margins: ACADEMY SENIOR SCHOLARS Historical Anthropology and Its Futures (Duke University Press, spring 2002), “Colonialism The Senior Scholars, a distinguished group of and Its Doubles” (Current Anthropology, senior members of Harvard’s faculty, act as the spring 2002), “The Diasporic Imaginary” Academy’s oversight committee, select new (Public Culture, spring 2002), and “National Academy Scholars, and serve as mentors of the Interruption: The Sikh Diaspora and Academy Scholars. Multiculturalism in the UK” (Cultural Robert H. Bates, Eaton Professor of the Dynamics, fall 2002). Axel also made Science of Government substantial headway on his third book, which John H. Coatsworth, Monroe Gutman he intends to complete in the next academic Professor of Latin American Affairs; year. Axel presented papers at several director, Rockefeller Center for Latin conferences, and, likewise helped to organize a American Studies major conference in March 2002, sponsored by Timothy J. Colton, Morris and Anna Feldberg the Harvard Academy, entitled “Diasporas, Professor of Government and Russian Transnationality, and Global Conflict.” In the Studies; director, Davis Center for Russian fall of 2002, Brian Keith Axel will have Studies completed his second year as an Academy Grzegorz Ekiert, professor of government Scholar and will take up a new position as assistant professor of anthropology at Roderick MacFarquhar, Leroy B. Williams Swarthmore College.

ANNUAL REPORT 2001/2002 19 Kanchan Chandra: In the 2001–02 academic survey data were collected from nearly 20,000 year, Kanchan Chandra completed revisions on individuals in 6500 households of five large her manuscript Why Ethnic Parties Succeed urban areas (Shanghai, Shenyang, Wuhan, (Cambridge University Press, forthcoming), Xian and Fuzhou). The goal of the survey is to organized the first stage of a collaborative understand, at the household level, the effects book project, partly funded by the Harvard of restructuring during China’s ongoing Academy, on theorizing constructivist economic transition. Giles also continued his approaches to ethnic identity and research on the relationship between labor incorporating them into new research agendas, markets, village institutions, and labor completed preliminary work on a cross- allocation decisions in rural China. He revised national database on ethnic parties that will three papers from his dissertation, presented inform her next project on the relationship them at conferences, and submitted them for between ethnic parties and democratic stability publication. These papers include: “Risk, Shock and began classes in calculus and micro- and Weak Property Rights in the Labor economics for professional retraining. She also Allocation Decision of Rural Chinese co-chaired the Harvard-MIT Joint Seminar on Households” (presented at the Northeast Political Development (JOSPOD), with Universities Development Conference); “Is Life Professor Jorge Domínguez. Papers presented More Risky in the Open? Household Risk- in the course of this year include: “Counting Coping and the Opening of China’s Labor Heads: A Theory of Voting in Patronage Markets” (presented at the International Democracies” (University of Chicago Seminar on Economic Reform and the Labor Comparative Politics Workshop); “India as a Market in Transitional China, Beijing); and Patronage Democracy” (Columbia University “Beg, Borrow or Dis-save: Mechanisms Used to Southern Asian Institute Distinguished Lecture Cope with Unexpected Shocks to Income in Series and South Asia Seminar, WCFIA, Rural China” (presented at conference on Harvard University); “Limited Information “Changes in China’s Agricultural Sector: and the Politics of Ethnic Favouritism” Trade, Market and Policy Reform” Western (Macarthur Preferences Network, University of Coordinating Committee, WCC–101. Pennsylvania, January 2002; Stanford Washington, DC). In June 2002, Giles University CISAC Social Sciences Seminar, presented a fourth paper, “Income Persistence January 2002); “A New Database on Ethnic and the Evolution of Inequality in Rural Parties” (co-authored with Daniel Metz, China,” at the annual WDI/CEPR conference Midwest Political Science Association, Chicago, on Transition Economies held in Riga, Latvia. April 2000 and LICEP5, Stanford University, This paper is currently being revised for May 2000); “Ethnic Parties and Democratic submission. Finally, Giles also received support Stability” (Midwest Political Science from the National Science Foundation to Association, Chicago, April 2000) and “A return to surveyed villages and households to Constructivist Model of Ethnic Identity (co- conduct a follow-up survey in China’s rural authored with David Laitin, LICEP 5, Stanford areas. Giles’s new rural area research will build University, May 2002; Department of Political on his past work in the same villages, and look Science, Stanford University, January 2002). In at the relationship between economic growth, the 2002–03 academic year, she will return to emerging inequality, and the evolution of her position as assistant professor of political village governance institutions. In August and science at MIT. September 2002, Giles will return to Beijing to John Giles: John Giles continued his research work with collaborators on both the urban on labor markets, village institutions, and and rural projects. Giles will spend the household welfare in rural China, and initiated 2002–2003 year at the Academy writing papers a new research project focusing on the impact based on this research. of economic restructuring in China’s urban Julian Go: Over the 2001–02 academic year, areas. In October and November 2001, Giles Julian Go worked on two book projects. First, worked with collaborators at the Institute for he completed revisions and production work Population Studies of the Chinese Academy of on an edited volume, Global Perspectives on the Social Sciences on the design and pre-test of U.S. Colonial State in the Philippines,to be survey instruments, and on the training of 300 published by Duke University Press in 2003. enumerators, supervisors, and monitors Go co-edited the volume, authored the working on the survey. From November 2001 introduction, and contributed an essay on to January 2002, individual and household intra-imperial networks and colonial state- formation in the U.S. overseas empire completed in her first year of the Academy (1899–1912). His second book project is the fellowship, Redeeming the Communist Past, was monograph entitled Transcultured States. This published by Cambridge University Press in project analyzes U.S. colonial rule and elite April 2002. In addition, she finalized and political culture in Puerto Rico and the submitted three papers for publication: “The Philippines. Go completed research in archives Programmatic Turnaround of the Communist in the U.S. and Spain and made revisions on Successor Parties,” published in Communist the monograph. and Postcommunist Studies in March 2002, In addition to these book projects, Go “Reconceptualizing the Postcommunist State,” completed five papers. He completed revisions with Academy Scholar Pauline Jones Luong, to on “Modeling the State: Postcolonial be published in December 2002 by Politics and Constitutions in Asia and Africa”,published in Society, and “Political Competition and the the March 2002 issue of Southeast Asian Politicization of the State in East Central Studies. He wrote a new article, “A Globalizing Europe,” in Comparative Political Studies.In Constitutionalism? Views from the Postcolony” September 2002 she returns to Yale University, which was presented at the International where she is an assistant professor of political Institute for the Sociology of Law in Oñati, science. Spain and will be published next year in Rebecca Hardin: Rebecca Hardin used the International Sociology. Plans are also being past year to produce several papers and articles made by International Sociology to publish the based on material from her dissertation, article in an anthology. Three other essays were “Translating the Forest: Tourism, Trophy completed: “Culture in Colonialism: Meaning- Hunting, and the Transformation of Forest Use Making in the U.S. Occupation of Puerto Rico” in Southwestern Central African Republic (which is to be presented at the 2002 annual (CAR)” (Yale University Department of meeting of the American Sociological Anthropology, 2000). One paper, entitled Association); “‘They deal in high-sounding “Concessionary Politics in the Western Congo phrases’: Political Reason and Governance in Basin” originated as a research and policy the Late Nineteenth Century Philippines” paper under the joint auspices of the World (presented in Tokyo last summer); and Resources Institute and USAID, and has been “Rethinking Colonial Racism: Discourses of submitted to the journal Current Anthropology Difference in the U.S. Empire” (presented at for review. A second, detailing the colonial the annual meeting of the Social Science history and contemporary ethnography of History Association in Chicago and the 2001 Bantu language groups in the Sangha River meeting of the American Sociological basin of equatorial Africa, has been submitted Association in Anaheim). All three essays have to American Ethnologist. A third manuscript, been submitted to journals. For his final year co-authored with physical anthropologist as Academy Scholar, Go plans to research, Melissa Remis, traces the animal densities, among other matters, the interplay of logging history, and current hunter-gatherer dictatorial repertoires of rule, political cultures activities in several sectors of the Dzanga of consent, and constitutional manipulation in Sangha Dense Forest Reserve, a protected area the postcolonial Philippines (1935–1986). in CAR. It is currently under revision for Anna Grzymala-Busse: Anna Grzymala-Busse resubmission to American Anthropologist. spent most of 2001–02 researching her second Finally, the book manuscript from the project on the political parties’ control of the dissertation is currently in the final editing postcommunist state in East Central Europe phases for submission to the University of after 1989. She began the empirical research Chicago Press. Hardin’s new research project, for the project in two stages: a short research involving the economic, cultural, and and conference trip to Italy in February 2002, ecological aspects of emergent viral disease in and a longer research trip to Poland, the Czech tropical forest areas where extractive industry Republic, and Slovakia in April and May of is active, resulted in the creation of an that year. She presented preliminary findings international working group. The first from the research at the European University meeting, held in Washington DC at the June Institute, in Florence, in February, and at Ohio meetings of the International Society for State University and the University of Chicago Ecosystem Health, brought together a dozen in April 2002. She also attended the FRIDE researchers from sites around the world, and Conference on Democratization in Madrid, from fields as disparate as virology, veterinary Spain, in October 2001. The book she medicine, anthropology, ecology, and political

ANNUAL REPORT 2001/2002 21 science. The group also met with interviews with elites in the oil and gas sector representatives from the U.S. Department of and in several government ministries. She also State, Department of Interior, and Department had the opportunity to give several talks of Agriculture (U.S. Forest Service, related to this project while in residence at International Division). The group’s findings Harvard University. The book she completed and recommendations will be summarized in in her first year of the Academy fellowship, testimony for a Congressional Hearing on July Institutional Change and Political Continuity in 11th, and in a research and policy publication Post-Soviet Central Asia: Power, Perceptions, currently being prepared with support from and Pacts, was published by Cambridge Conservation International (Margo Marsh University Press in May 2002. In addition, she Fund) and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service submitted an edited volume on Central Asia (Great Ape Conservation Fund). A second entitled The Transformation of States and working group meeting, to discuss findings Societies in Central Asia, which is now with members of the Harvard community, and forthcoming with Cornell University Press, and to prepare a manuscript for publication as an three papers for publication: “New Friends, edited volume, will be held in November, with New Fear in Central Asia,” with Erika support from the Harvard Academy, and the Weinthal, published in Foreign Affairs in Harvard AIDS Institute, as well as other March–April 2002; “Reconceptualizing the programs and departments at Harvard. Postcommunist State,” with Academy Scholar Macartan Humphreys: Macartan Humphreys Anna Grzymala-Busse, forthcoming in Politics joined the Harvard Academy in the spring and Society, December 2002, and “Energy term of 2002. He spent the semester Wealth and Tax Reform in Russia and completing his dissertation on Africa politics Kazakhstan,” with Erika Weinthal, forthcoming and beginning a second major project on in Resources Policy. This fall she returns to Yale negotiations at the end of civil wars. He has University, where she is an assistant professor also been working, together with Jeremy of political science. Weinstein and former Academy Scholar Dan Lucan Way: During the 2001–02 academic Posner, to develop experimental techniques for year, Lucan Way conducted work in two main studying ethnicity in Africa. Over the course of areas: one on non-democratic regime the semester Humphreys also completed a development, and one on the transformation book chapter entitled “Political Institutions of the Soviet social sphere after the collapse. and Economic Policies: Lessons from Africa.” First, Way began a project exploring the This chapter, written together with Academy character and dynamics of non-democratic Senior Scholar Robert Bates, will appear in a regimes in the post–cold war era. In the fall of volume on democracy and clientelism edited 2001, he wrote an article for Journal of by Steven Wilkinson and Herbert Kitschelt. Democracy with Steven Levitsky, assistant Humphreys also completed a chapter together professor of government, Harvard University, with Habaye ag Mohamed on the civil wars in on “competitive authoritarian” regimes. In Senegal and Mali for a World Bank volume on such cases, key democratic institutions such as civil wars in Africa. During the term he gave elections, the press, and parliament determine talks at Harvard, Stanford, Yale, and Columbia. political outcomes and create an important He was offered and accepted a position as level of political competition; yet democracy is assistant professor of political science at fundamentally undermined by the continued Columbia University, which he will take up in and regular governmental abuse of civil July of 2003. liberties and political rights. During the late Pauline Jones Luong: Pauline Jones Luong spring and summer of 2002, Way and Levitsky spent most of 2001–02 researching her second continued this work with a comparison of project on the short and long-term impact of twelve competitive authoritarian regimes in natural resource endowments on state Africa, Eurasia, East Asia, and Latin America. formation in developing countries. This They plan to submit this piece to Comparative project compares the experiences of the former Politics. Over the course of the year Way also Soviet republics that make-up the Caspian began a book, Pluralism by Default, which will basin (i.e. Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Russia, explore the ways in which state incapacity Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan), with energy- promotes pluralism in weak states during rich states on several other continents. She periods of international liberal hegemony. The traveled to Russia and Azerbaijan with book will compare regime trajectories in the Academy support to finish conducting non-Baltic post–Soviet states, which lack democratic histories, rules of law, and robust March 21 civil societies. The Academy funded a trip to “Pluralism by Default: The Sources and Moldova, Ukraine and Russia to begin this Dynamics of Political Liberalization in work. By the end of the summer, Way will have Weak States,” Lucan Way submitted articles to World Politics, East- April 25 European Politics and Societies, and Journal of Democracy that lay out the main argument of “Cultures in Colonialism: Political the book through comparisons of regime Meanings in the U.S. Occupation of trajectories in western Eurasia and the Puerto Rico and the Philippines,” Julian Caucuses. In May 2002, Way organized a Go workshop funded by the Academy on non- Global Cultures Program democratic regimes. The workshop brought together scholars studying non-democratic The mission of the Global Cultures Program is regimes in Africa, East Asia, the former Soviet to promote study and understanding of the Union, Latin America, and the Middle East. similarities, differences, and relations among The workshop will be followed by a full the world’s principal cultural groupings. To conference/edited volume that explores the accomplish this end, the Academy undertakes interaction between institutional capacity and research projects, organizes seminars and non-democratic regime development in the conferences, and sponsors publications dealing post–cold war era. Finally, in collaboration with these issues. The 2001–02 academic year with Stephen Collier, an anthropologist at saw the launch of a new project on the Columbia University, Way continued work on influence of religion in world affairs, a a project that explores the development of conference on diasporas (see the “Academy urban Soviet era social institutions in the Conferences section”), and the continuation of post–Soviet era in Azerbaijan, Estonia, the Globalization and Culture Seminar series. Georgia, and Russia. In 2001, Collier and Way In 2002, a research team based at the received a grant to conduct surveys in urban Harvard Academy was awarded the areas in these countries. Focusing on Weatherhead Initiative Grant from the education, water, and heat provision, the Weatherhead Center. The project “Religion in project explores the degree to which access to Global Politics,” involving Harvard scholars these services continues to be universal, and from the Faculty of Arts and Sciences, the emerging rules of access to these services in Kennedy School of Government, and Divinity the post–Soviet era. School, in addition to experts at other top universities, aims to produce a systematic, Academy Scholar Presentations comprehensive, comparative analysis of the October 23 impact on global politics of religious beliefs and organizations. The project links five “Prelude to the Resource Curse: studies that consider the relationship of Explaining Energy Development Strategies religious belief to five types of political activity, and their Implications for Institutional including political legitimacy, terrorism and Development,” Pauline Jones Luong civil war, the transition to democratic rights November 15 and regimes, the reduction of conflict, and “Counting Heads: A Theory of Voting in conceptions of international order. The award Patronage Democracies,” Kanchan from the Weatherhead Center complements an Chandra award made to the team by the Smith December 10 Richardson Foundation in July of 2001. The resulting research will produce several “Trophy Hunting, Tourism, and the monographs, three books, and a number of Transformation of Forest Use in articles published in academic and Southwestern Central African Republic,” policymaking journals. Rebecca Hardin February 21 Globalization and Culture Seminars “Transitional Leadership? Yeltsin and the The Globalization and Culture Seminar Transformation of Russia,” Timothy J. considers the impact of the forces of Colton economic, cultural, and political globalization on the cultural integrity, economic viability, national autonomy, and political stability of countries across the world. The topics

ANNUAL REPORT 2001/2002 23 discussed at seminar meetings in 2001–02 “Diaspora: Theory, Practice, Problems, were: and Prospects,” William Safran, October 9 University of Colorado at Boulder “September 11th and the Question of Moderator, Brian Keith Axel,Harvard Islam,” William Graham and Roy University Mottahedeh “Mapping Transnationality: Globalization December 4 and Black Cultural Nationalism,” Kamari “Diasporas and States: Transnational Clarke, Yale University Entanglements,” Engseng Ho, Yossi Shain, “Diaspora and Difference,” Julia Offen, Tony Smith Cornell University February 12 Moderator, Naomi Pabst, Harvard University “The Impact of Culture on How “Queer Diasporas and Transnational Countries Negotiate,” Charles Cogan, Adoption,” David Eng, Rutgers University W.R. Smyser, Richard Solomon “Diasporas and Sexuality,” Geeta Patel, March 6 Wellesley College “The Global Competition for Converts: Moderator, Engseng Ho, Harvard University Christianity vs. Islam,” Philip Jenkins “Redefining the Boundaries of Belonging: April 10 The Nexus Between Transnational “Modern vs. Western: India Unbound,” Religion and Politics,” Peggy Levitt, Gurcharan Das Wellesley College “Diaspora and Decolonization,” John Harvard Academy Conferences Kelly, University of Chicago During the 2001–02 academic year, the May 10–11 Harvard Academy sponsored two conferences organized by Academy Scholars. In March NON-DEMOCRATIC REGIMES AND 2002, the Academy funded a one-day TRAJECTORIES AFTER THE COLD WAR conference on “Diasporas, Transnationality, (co-sponsored by the Davis Center for Russian and Global Conflict.” Organized by Academy Studies, Harvard Academy for International Scholar Brian Keith Axel, the conference and Area Studies, Rockefeller Center for Latin examined the roles religion, gender, and American Studies, and the Weatherhead ethnicity play in defining diaspora Center for International Affairs) communities and shaping transnational Roundtable remarks by Samuel Huntington, political activity. In March 2002, a diverse Juan Linz, and Alfred Stepan group of social scientists met for a two-day workshop, organized by Academy Scholars Chair: Richard Snyder Lucan Way, Keith Darden, Richard Snyder, and “States and Authoritarianism” Steven Levitsky (Harvard University), entitled Roundtable remarks by Keith Darden, Richard “Non-Democratic Regimes and Trajectories Snyder, and Lucan Way After the Cold War.” The workshop brought Chair: Steven Levitsky together comparativists specializing in a wide range of topics and regions in order to begin “Authoritarian Adaptation and Persistence” generating a conceptual map of the varieties of Roundtable remarks by Eva Bellin, Zaw Oo, non-democratic regimes that have emerged or Mark Thompson, and Nicolas van de Walle persisted since the collapse of the Soviet Chair: Keith Darden Union, and to understand better the “Legitimating Authoritarian Rule After the international and domestic factors that shape Cold War” the dynamics and fortunes of non-democratic Roundtable remarks by Jorge Domínguez and regimes today. Vladimir Tismaneanu March 16 Chair: Lucan Way DIASPORAS, TRANSNATIONALITY, AND “Hybrid regimes” GLOBAL CONFLICT Roundtable remarks by Joel Barkan, Moderator, Julian Go, Harvard University Houchang Chehabi, and Steven Levitsky “Three Models of Diaspora,” Yossi Shain, Chair: Richard Snyder Johns Hopkins University Wrap-up and discussion Summation of workshop by Gerardo Munck of communities in conflict meet together for and organizers an intensive three-to-four day period to engage Chair: Keith Darden in “joint thinking” about solutions to the problems that divide them. Such joint thinking PROGRAM ON INTERNATIONAL is promoted by the careful choice of partici- CONFLICT ANALYSIS AND pants, by a well-developed set of ground rules, RESOLUTION and by bringing the basic human needs of identity and security to the fore of the political The Program on International Conflict discussion. Analysis and Resolution (PICAR) works to Because of the tragic events in the Middle advance the understanding of international East during the past year, PICAR’s dialogues and interethnic conflicts, and to develop with Israelis and Palestinians have been put on interactive, problem-solving processes that can hold. We hope to continue our discussions be effective in managing or resolving such when conditions on the ground provide us conflicts. Using a view of international conflict with a window of opportunity. In collabor- as an intersocietal as well as an intergovern- ation with the Project on Justice and Times of mental process, and a corresponding view of Transition, PICAR members William Weisberg diplomacy as a creative integration of official and Donna Hicks traveled to Sri Lanka to and unofficial efforts, PICAR members provide technical assistance to the government research how democratization, pluralism, and of Sri Lanka in preparation for negotiations the building of civil society in multiethnic with the Tamil Tigers due to begin in August states will be enhanced if underlying sources of 2002. Hicks and Weisberg conducted a seminar conflict are discussed and addressed, both in in conflict analysis for members of the Peace current conflict resolution efforts and in Secretariat and of civil society. Tim Phillips setting up systems for managing conflicts in from the Project on Justice arranged for three the future. PICAR is supported by a grant former negotiators, from Northern Ireland, El from the William and Flora Hewlett Salvador, and Guatemala to meet with the Foundation. representatives of the Sri Lankan government Program members in 2001–02 included who will be at the negotiating table to discuss faculty members and practitioners, all of issues related to the development and imple- whom are scholar-practitioners combining mentation of the peace process. The team will research and theory building with the practice continue providing technical assistance to the of third-party facilitation. In addition, PICAR Sri Lankan government through the fall of maintained active contact with a growing 2002. Carlos Alvarez and Donna Hicks network of former members whose conducted a workshop in Miami for members professional work has taken them to a variety of the Cuban American community and of academic institutions and governmental or visitors from Cuba. The workshop focused on nongovernmental organizations in the U.S. the issue of identity and the negotiation of and abroad what it means to be Cuban from the The primary area of practice for many perspective of each community. program members has been the Middle East. PICAR members have been engaged in a PICAR members have developed several other number of education-related activities. initiatives, including projects in Sri Lanka, Members have been invited to conduct short Colombia, and U.S.–Cuban relations. Program courses in the problem-solving approach at members were involved in a variety of other universities. For example, during the past continuing research projects, including: the year, Professor Kelman and Donna Hicks relationship between human rights and conducted a two-day course in interactive conflict resolution; leadership and conflict problem-solving at the University of resolution; the relationship between state Pennsylvania. William Weisberg and Donna structure and conflict in multiethnic states; Hicks gave a week-long seminar in Greece for a justice, human rights, and reconciliation in select group of young leaders from the ethnic conflicts; rethinking conflict resolution Mediterranean region. Professor Kelman and processes; the role of national identity in Professor Eileen Babbitt were invited to ethnic conflict; and the relationship between facilitate an assembly of Afghan civil society Track I and Track II peacemaking efforts. representatives in Bonn in December 2001. Practice is at the core of PICAR activities. The program hosted a public seminar It involves the design and implementation of series on the theory and practice of problem-solving workshops in which members international conflict resolution. In addition, a

ANNUAL REPORT 2001/2002 25 number of research seminars for scholar- December 10 practitioners in the field were held over the “Does Restorative Justice Have a Role in course of the academic year. Program the Aftermath of September 11?” Carolyn members also conducted a one and a half day Boyes-Watson, Center for Restorative seminar for the Weatherhead Center Fellows Justice, Suffolk University, Boston. Program, focusing on the theory and practice February 4 of interactive problem-solving as an unofficial approach to conflict analysis and resolution. As “Working with Integrity: Ethical Inquiry a follow-up to the Fellows Seminar, Pam for Peace-builders,” Cynthis Cohen, Steiner and Donna Hicks convened a series of director, Brandeis Initiative in discussions on how to address the traumas Intercommunal Coexistence, Brandeis brought on by the violence endured by University. communities in conflict. In addition to the February 25 Fellows, several practitioners from the “Is Reconciliation between Israelis and Cambridge area participated in the Palestinians Possible? A Non-rhetorical discussions. Question,” Nadim Rouhana, professor of PICAR’s Director is Herbert C. Kelman, sociology, anthropology, and psychology, Donna Hicks is the deputy director, and Tel Aviv University, Israel, and founding Rachel Milner is the staff assistant. director of the Arab Center for Applied Seminar on International Conflict Research, Haifa, Israel. Analysis and Resolution March 11 Chairs: Donna Hicks and Nadim Rouhana “Grand Visions and Small Projects: October 15 Reflections on Measuring Effectiveness of Peace-building Initiatives,” Diana Chigas, “A Problem from Hell: America and the director of research and evaluation, Age of Genocide,” Samantha Power, Conflict Management Group (CMG), executive director, Carr Center for Human Cambridge. Rights Policy, Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University. March 18 October 22 “The Future of the Middle East Peace “After the Attacks, Then What?” Eileen Process,” Dennis Ross, counselor and Babbitt, assistant professor, The Fletcher Ziegler Distinguished Fellow at the School of Law and Diplomacy, Tufts Washington Institute for Near East Policy University; David Fairman, vice president and former U.S. Special Envoy to the of International Programs, Consensus Middle East. Building Institute, Cambridge; Herbert C. (Joint session with the Middle East Kelman, Richard Clarke Cabot Research Seminar) Professor of Social Ethics, Harvard April 8 University and director of PICAR; Donna “Imagine Coexistence: Evaluating Hicks, deputy director of PICAR; Hugh Progress on Refugee Reintegration in O’Doherty, Center for Public Leadership, Bosnia and Rwanda,” Eileen Babbitt, Kennedy School of Government; Adil assistant professor of international Najam, assistant professor for politics, co-director, Center for Human international relations, Boston University; Rights and Conflict Resolution, The Pamela Steiner, PICAR. Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, November 19 Tufts University. “Power Relations and Identity Con- April 29 struction in Jewish-Palestinian Dialogues,” “Aid and Conflict (Resolution),” Peter Nava Sonnenschein, founder and former Uvin, Henry J. Leir Associate Professor of director of the School for Peace, Neve International Humanitarian Studies, Tufts Shalom, Wahat Al Salam, Israel. University. November 26 “Greed, Grievance, or Creed: Their Role INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS in Ethnoreligious Conflict,” Oliver Workshop on International McTernan, associate, Weatherhead Center Economics for International Affairs. The Workshop on International Economics covers a broad spectrum of very recent November 7 theoretical and empirical research on “International Protection of Intellectual international trade, capital markets, and Property,” Gene Grossman, Princeton monetary arrangements. Examples of recent University. topics include the benefits of a common November 9 currency, new open economy macro- economics, the political economy of trade and “Emerging Market Spreads: Then vs. income distribution, political budget cycles in Now,” Paolo Mauro, International open-economy economies, financial crises, and Monetary Fund. direct foreign investment in China. Chaired by November 14 Professors Richard N. Cooper, Jeffrey Frankel, “Power Inside the Firm and the Market: A Elhanan Helpman, Marc Melitz, Dani Rodrik, General Equilibrium Approach,” Dalia and Andres Velasco. Marin, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat In 2001–02 the International Workshop Munchen. met 24 times, sometimes jointly with the November 16 Harvard History Workshop or the MIT International Seminar. Regular seminars had “Population and Prices from Black Death an average attendance of 20. Joint seminars to the Price Revolution,” Ronald Findlay, attracted about 35. Columbia University. September 12 November 28 “Net Foreign Assets and the Exchange “Timing of International Technology Rate Redux Revived,” Fabio Ghironi, Diffusion,” Taeyoon Sung,Harvard Boston College. University. September 21 December 5 “After Columbus: Explaining the Global “Home Market Effects and the Trade Boom 1500–1800,” Jeffrey (In)efficiency of International Williamson, Harvard University. Specialization,” Gianmarco Ottaviano, University di Bologna, Universita Bocconi. September 26 December 12 “Knowledge Spillovers at the World’s Technology Frontier,” Wolfgang Keller, “On the Causes and Consequences of University of Texas, Austin. Currency Unions,” Maria Silvana Tenreyro, Harvard University. October 3 February 1 “From Sectoral to Functional Urban Specialization,” Diego Puga, University of “What Explains the Tariff-Growth Toronto. Paradox 1875–1997?” Michael Clemens and Jeffrey Williamson,Harvard October 10 University. “Measuring the Reaction of Monetary February 13 Policy to the Stock Market,” Roberto Rigobon,MIT. “Transport Costs, Geography, and Regional Inequalities,” Pierre-Philippe October 17 Combes, CERAS, France, and Boston “Optimal Monetary Policy in an Open University. Economy,” Doireanne Fitzgerald,Harvard February 20 University. “The Political Economy of International October 24 Unions,” Alberto Alesina,Harvard “The Effects of Cross-country Differences University. in Product Quality on International Trade February 27 Flows,” Juan Carlos Hallak,Harvard University. “Monetary Policy in an Open Economy: The Differential Impact on Exporting and October 31 Non-Exporting Firms,” Oved Yosha,Tel “Globalization and Insecurity,” John Aviv and Harvard University. McLaren, University of Virginia.

ANNUAL REPORT 2001/2002 27 March 13 Occasional Papers of the Program on “Bones, Bombs and Break Points: The U.S.–Japan Relations and distributed to Geography of Economic Activity,” David policymakers and research organizations Weinstein, Columbia University. around the world. Although most associates are from Japan and the U.S., the program has March 20 also included individuals from a variety of East “Is Trade Good or Bad for the Asian and European countries. Environment? Sorting Out the Causality,” During the academic year, the program Jeffrey Frankel, Harvard University. invites leading commentators on issues in April 4 U.S.–Japan relations and related topics to “Financial Globalization and Emerging speak at a weekly luncheon seminar series that Markets: With or Without Crash?” Helene is open to the public. Typically, 30 to 60 faculty Rey, Princeton University. members, researchers, graduate students, and undergraduates from Harvard University, MIT, April 10 the Fletcher School, and other neighboring “Foreign Lobbies and U.S. Trade Policy,” institutions, as well as interested members of Pravin Krishna, Brown University. the wider community attend the seminars. In 2001–02, the seminar series featured a number April 24 of prominent individuals, including: Thomas “NAFTA’s Impact on North American Foley, Former U.S. Ambassador to Japan and Trade,” John Romalis, University of Speaker of the House of Representatives; Chicago. Yutaka Kawashima, former vice minister, Ministry of Foreign Affairs; and Ezra Vogel, PROGRAM ON U.S.–JAPAN RELATIONS professor emeritus at Harvard. The Program on U.S.–Japan Relations enables The program annually honors a outstanding scholars and practitioners to come Distinguished Visitor, who spends several days together at Harvard to conduct independent at Harvard to offer a luncheon seminar, speak research on topics in contemporary bilateral at a dinner held in his or her honor, and meet relations and to participate in an ongoing with students. In 2001–02, the program dialogue on those topics with other members honored Sadako Ogata, former UN High of the Harvard University and greater Commissioner on Refugees currently at the Cambridge and Boston communities. The Ford Foundation. Mrs. Ogata spoke at a program was founded in 1980 on the belief seminar on global humanitarian crises and that the U.S. and Japan have become so Japan, and answered questions at the dinner interdependent that the problems they face held in her honor. urgently require cooperation. The program’s Susan J. Pharr, Edwin O. Reischauer intellectual mandate has been broad since its Professor of Japanese Politics, continues to inception and has included a full range of serve as director of the Program on U.S.–Japan issues in bilateral relations, domestic problems Relations. Program coordinator Amy that bear on Japan’s international behavior, Demarest and staff assistant Aya Sato- and Japan’s relations with the rest of the world. DiLorenzo assisted Frank Schwartz,the In the 1990s, much research and discussion program’s associate director. John Kuczwara focused on Japan’s expanding international served as Susan Pharr’s assistant. role in the fields of development, energy, U.S.–Japan Seminar Series environmental protection, and security. Chair: Susan Pharr Each year, the program hosts academics, September 18 government officials, business people and journalists, and awards several advanced “Japan and the Koizumi Era,” Thomas research fellowships to scholarly applicants Foley, former U.S. Ambassador to Japan with outstanding research credentials. While in and Speaker of the House of residence at Harvard for the academic year, Representatives. associates take part in the seminars, September 25 roundtables, and other functions of the “Television in the Age of the Internet: program; attend classes and other activities in NHK and the BBC in Comparative the Harvard community; present the results of Perspective,” Henry Laurence, assistant their research in public panels; and prepare professor of Government and Asian research reports that are published as the Studies, Bowdoin College. October 2 December 4 “Death by Constitution: How Japan Self- “Japan’s Information Technology Destructed by Means of Pacifism,” Tetsuya Industry: Its Problems and Future,” Kataoka, research fellow, Hoover Sachio Senmoto, founder, chair, and chief Institution on War, Revolution, and Peace. executive officer, eAccess. (Co-sponsored by the Olin Institute for December 11 Strategic Studies). “Beyond Food Fights: How International October 9 Institutions Promote Agricultural Trade “The Financial Big Bang in Japan: Liberalization,” Christina Davis, advanced Implications for Japan’s Political research fellow, Program on U.S.–Japan Economy,” Robert Fallon, former head, Relations. Asia-Pacific Division, J.P. Morgan Chase February 5 Bank. “Sino-Japanese Relations, 1947–2001,” October 16 Ezra Vogel, Henry Ford II Research “Ichiro Fever: Baseball and U.S.–Japan Professor of Social Science, and former Relations,” William Kelly, Professor of director, Asia Center. (Co-sponsored by the anthropology and Sumitomo Professor of Asia Center.) Japanese Studies, Yale University. February 12 October 23 “Japan in the War on Terrorism in Asia,” Distinguished Visitor David Leheny, assistant professor of political “Global Humanitarian Crises and Japan,” science, University of Wisconsin at Madison, Sadako Ogata, former U.N. High and advanced research fellow, Program on Commissioner for Refugees, now scholar U.S.–Japan Relations. (Co-sponsored by the in residence, Ford Foundation. Olin Institute for Strategic Studies.) October 30 February 21 “Are the Bases Loaded? The Future of “What Lies Ahead for the Japanese U.S.–Japan Security Relations,” James Economy?” Glen Fukushima, president Auer, director, Center for U.S.–Japan and chief executive officer, Cadence Studies and Cooperation, Vanderbilt Design Systems, Japan, and former Institute for Public Policy Studies. (Co- president, American Chamber of sponsored by the Olin Institute for Strategic Commerce in Japan. Studies.) February 26 November 6 “Looming Financial Crises and Political- “Postsocialist Transitions in Eastern Economic Change in Japan and China,” Europe: The View from Tokyo,” Kazuo William Overholt, senior fellow, Asia Nukazawa, former Japanese Ambassador Center, and former head of Asia to Hungary and senior managing director, Economics and Strategy, Nomura Keidanren, now Professor, Josai International. (Co-sponsored by the Asia International University. (Co-sponsored by Center.) the Fellows Program.) March 5 November 13 “War, Guilt and Memory: The “History “The U.S.–Japan–China Triangle: The Problem” in Japan’s Foreign Relations,” Issue of Human Rights,” Ming Wan, Thomas Berger, associate professor of associate professor, Department of Public International Relations, Boston University. and International Affairs, George Mason (Co-sponsored by the Reischauer Institute of University. (Co-sponsored by the Asia Japanese Studies.) Center.) March 11 November 27 “Japan’s War Guilt and Postwar “Importing Diversity: Inside Japan’s JET Responsibilities,” Yasuaki Onuma, Program,” David McConnell, associate professor of international law, University professor of anthropology, College of of Tokyo. Wooster. Discussant: John Dower, professor of history, MIT. (Co-sponsored by the Reischauer Institute of Japanese Studies.)

ANNUAL REPORT 2001/2002 29 March 19 facilitator to bring leaders and decision-makers “East Asia’s Security Environment at the from states undergoing transition together Start of a New Century,” Yutaka with their counterparts from other countries Kawashima, adjunct lecturer, Kennedy that have experienced similar transitions. The School of Government, and former vice Project’s comparative approach enables minister, Ministry of Foreign Affairs. (Co- individuals to: engage in dialogue across sponsored by the Fellows Program.) national, ethnic, religious, and ideological boundaries; forge ties and build trust to April 2 facilitate effective negotiations and political “The Politics of Self-Restraint: FDI and social cooperation; share information and Subsidies and Japanese Mercantilism,” ideas with their counterparts in other societies; Mireya Solis, assistant professor of and develop their own relevant strategies for politics, Brandeis University. reconciliation and transformation. April 11 In September 1999, the Project on Justice Japanese Politics Today in Times of Transition became an interfaculty program of Harvard University under the Panel: “What Has Been Changing in auspices of the Law School, the John F. Japan, and What Has Not,” Yukio Kennedy School of Government, and the Matsuyama, honorary chair, editorial Faculty of Arts and Sciences (as represented by board, Asahi Shimbun. the Weatherhead Center for International “Democracy Without Competition: Affairs). The Project was formally transferred Opposition Failure in One-Party to Harvard from the Foundation for a Civil Dominant Japan,” Ethan Scheiner, Society, a New York-based nonprofit advanced research fellow, Program on organization that had launched the Project. U.S.–Japan Relations. The Project was inaugurated in 1992 with an “Academics and Policymaking: A international conference that represented the Comparison of the U.S. and Japan,” Jun first occasion in which key leaders and high- Iio, professor of government, National level decision-makers from throughout Graduate Institute for Policy Studies. postcommunist Europe came together with April 16 their counterparts from Argentina, Chile, Germany, and Spain, to discuss their “Political Globalization and the Spread of experiences in confronting past repression and Global Civil Society: International building political tolerance. This initial cross- Environmental NGOs and the Case of cultural comparative approach proved Japan,” Kim Reimann, advanced research successful, and has remained the blueprint for fellow, Program on U.S.–Japan Relations. all of the Project’s subsequent initiatives. The April 30 Project has since broadened its thematic and “The Geopolitics of Asia Today,” Aaron geographic scope to address the challenges Friedberg, professor of politics, Princeton facing legacies of the past, fostering University, and Henry A. Kissinger reconciliation, and building peace in countries Scholar, Library of Congress. (Co- emerging from civil conflict. sponsored by the Olin Institute for Strategic Since its move to Harvard, the Project on Studies.) Justice in Times of Transition has been refining its strategy in order to combine the JUSTICE methodology it has traditionally used in programmatic initiatives with the capacity for Project on Justice in Times of Transition research, teaching, and publications that the transfer to Harvard allows. The Project is Faculty Chair: Philip Heymann,Harvard Law implementing a multifaceted plan for School programmatic initiatives and research sessions Director: Sara Zucker to take the experiences of practitioners from The Project on Justice in Times of Transition societies in transition around the world, and brings together individuals from a broad analyze and organize the lessons learned. The spectrum of countries to share experiences in Project’s integrated program comprises six ending conflict, establishing peace, and components: building civil society. In demand-driven • thematic research conducted by Harvard practical initiatives the Project acts as a neutral faculty in collaboration with individuals from the Project’s international network of practitioners development of case studies Peace-building. The two-year program is about the experiences of these practitioners in conducted in partnership with the United societies in transition; Nations Association-U.S.A. and seeks to • programmatic initiatives focused on subjects enhance the capacity of international of concern to particular communities and organizations, such as the United Nations, to countries; conduct more effective peace-building by • executive training sessions at Harvard for helping them identify ways to engage more practitioners from around the world; effectively with national actors in the field. The • informational events for faculty, staff, and overall program includes three regional students at Harvard; meetings that are designed to facilitate • internships and fellowships for Harvard discussions and the formulation of students. recommendations on peace-building by a The Project has continued its work with group of local practitioners and international political and community leaders in Northern field staff. Ireland through a series of integrated In addition to the programs described programs. Four parts of the multifaceted above, the Project sent 20 Chayes International program take the form of conferences or Public Service Fellows to eleven different workshops to facilitate contact and countries, ranging from Bosnia to East Timor cooperation among leaders in Northern to Rwanda, for the summer to work with Ireland, and the fifth element involves the governments and intergovernmental and development and use of materials nongovernmental agencies. documenting the experience of Northern SEMINARS AND ROUNDTABLE SESSIONS Ireland. In 2001–02, four sessions were held for AT HARVARD UNIVERSITY over 250 participants. As well, the Project sponsored the participation of five individuals October 26 from Northern Ireland in Kennedy School of “Transition and Truth in Chile,” José Government executive programs on Strategic Zalaquett, professor of human rights, Law Public Sector Negotiations, and for Senior School of the University of Chile, Executives in State and Local Government. Santiago.(Co-sponsored by the Harvard Recently the Project has held several Law School Human Rights Program.) programs as part of our internal security November 20 reform initiative. In February the Project held “Understanding International Terrorism an executive session entitled Combating and Organized Crime: Reflections on the Terrorism: The Challenge for Democratic Current Situation in Guatemala and El Societies. This meeting convened a diverse Salvador,” Leonel Gomez, investigator of group of individuals from the intelligence and the Bishop Gerardi Case in Guatemala. law enforcement communities of Mexico, Peru, January 24 and the U.S. to assess the challenges of combating terrorism while protecting “Challenges of Reconstruction in democratic freedoms and human rights. As a Afghanistan,” Sarah Chayes,foreign result of this meeting, one of the program correspondent for National Public Radio. participants, President of the Peruvian April 30 National Intelligence Council, requested that “Colombia: Struggling Against Terrorism, the Project assist Peru with the process of Working Toward Peace,” panel discussion reforming its intelligence apparatus. with Rand Beers, assistant secretary of Accordingly, nine international intelligence International Narcotics and Law experts and three Peruvians met at Harvard Enforcement Affairs, U.S. Department of Law School in May to discuss key issues that State; Father Francisco De Roux, director, should be incorporated into a comprehensive Program for Development and Peace in set of recommendations for reforming Magdalena Medio and Winner, 2001 Peruvian intelligence. The recommendations Colombian National Peace Prize; Anders formulated at this meeting were presented to a Kompass, director, United Nations High wide range of Peruvians, including civilian and Commission for Human Rights in military leaders, policymakers, journalists, and Colombia; Ellen Lutz, executive director, members of civil society at a public forum in Center for Human Rights and Conflict Lima, Peru from July 3 to 5. Resolution, Fletcher School of Law and The Project launched a new initiative Diplomacy, Tufts University; Alejandro called the Partnership on Rule of Law and

ANNUAL REPORT 2001/2002 31 Santos, director of SEMANA, Colombia’s February 25–27 main weekly news magazine; Mark Combating Terrorism: The Challenge Schneider, senior vice president, for Democratic Societies International Crisis Group; and Joseph S. February 25 Nye, Jr., dean, John F. Kennedy School of Welcome and introductory remarks, Government. (Co-sponsored by Harvard Philip Heymann, professor, Harvard Law University’s John F. Kennedy School of School and faculty chair, Project on Justice Government; Harvard Law School Human in Times of Transition. Rights Program; Weatherhead Center for International Affairs Program on Nonviolent “Peruvian Intelligence: Past Abuses and Sanctions and Cultural Survival; The Center Current Efforts of Reform,” Juan Velit, for Public Leadership; The Edward S. Mason president of the National Council of Program in Public Policy and Management; Intelligence, Peru; and Oscar Schiappa- The Women and Public Policy Program; The Petra, Mason Fellow at the Kennedy Belfer Center for Science and International School of Government and former senior Affairs; The Colombian Colloquium of advisor to the Prime Minister of Peru. Graduate Students and Scholars at Harvard “Controlling Intelligence Activities in and MIT.) Mexico,” Raul Benitez Manaut, professor of international relations, National CONFERENCES AND WORKSHOPS University of Mexico; and Armando December 18 Salinas Torre, president of the Crafting Strategies for a Congressional Commission on Shared Future Governance and Public Security, Mexico. (Co-Sponsored by the Project on Justice in “U.S. Intelligence Agencies and the Times of Transition, the Northern Ireland Development of Control Mechanisms,” Voluntary Trust, and the Institute of Kate Martin, director, Center for National Governance, Public Policy and Social Security Studies; and Robert M. Research of Queen’s University.) McNamara, Jr., former general counsel of Welcome and Conference Introduction by the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency. Nik Gowing, program anchor, BBC February 26 World; Avila Kilmurray, director, “New Challenges for the Intelligence and Northern Ireland Voluntary Trust; Law Enforcement Community of the Elizabeth Meehan, director, Institute of Americas,” Philip Heymann, professor, Governance, Public Policy and Social Harvard Law School and faculty chair, Research, Queen’s University; and James Project on Justice in Times of Transition. Cooney, executive director, Weatherhead Center for International Affairs, Harvard “Combating Terrorism in Peru: Past and University. Present Challenges,” Ketin Vidal,former minister of the interior and director of the “After the Negotiations: Embedding a National Counter-terrorism Counsel, Peace Process,” Jamil Mahuad,former Peru; and Benedicto Jimenez Bacca, president of Ecuador, Fellow, Center for expert advisor to the United Nations’ Public Leadership, Harvard University. Counter-Terrorism Committee, Peru. “Creating Strategies: Northern Ireland— “Demands on U.S. Intelligence and Law Opportunities and Challenges,” Duncan Enforcement Agencies,” Neil Gallagher, Morrow, lecturer in politics, University of former assistant director of the Federal Ulster. Bureau of Investigation, National Security “The Challenges of Strengthening a Division; and William Rooney,former Society: Developing Strategies for executive and field operations officer in Change,” John Biehl, director, Colombia the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency. and the Andean Region, International “Confronting Domestic and International Crisis Group, former secretary general of Terrorism in Mexico,” Jorge Chabat, the Presidency of Chile. professor of international relations, Center Conference Summary and Conclusions, for Economic Research and Teaching, Nik Gowing, conference chair. Mexico. February 27 Harvard University, and John Cullinane, “Counter-Terrorism and Reform Agendas: president of The Cullinane Group, Inc. Do They Conflict?” John Coatsworth, “George Mitchell Case,” taught by Brian professor of history and Monroe Gutman Mandell, lecturer in public policy, Professor of Latin American Affairs at Kennedy School of Government. Harvard University, director of the David March 14 Rockefeller Center for Latin American “The Challenges of Leadership,” Jamil Studies; Enrique Obando Arbulú, Mahuad, former president of Ecuador. president, Political and Strategic Studies Institute, Peru; and Raul Benitez Manaut, “Leadership I: The Dynamics of professor of international relations, Authority,” Marty Linsky, lecturer in National University of Mexico. public policy, Kennedy School of Government. March 10–15 “Leadership II: Distinguishing Technical Extending the Limits: Constraints and and Adaptive Problems,” Marty Linsky, Challenges lecturer in public policy, Kennedy School (An executive program for leaders from of Government. Northern Ireland, the Republic of Ireland “Leadership III: Staying Alive,” Marty and Great Britain.) Linsky, lecturer in public policy, Kennedy March 10 School of Government. Remarks by Kathy O’Toole, president and March 15 founder of O’Toole Associates and former “Northern Ireland Bill of Rights Case,” member of the Independent Commission Fred Schauer, professor, Kennedy School on Policing in Northern Ireland. of Government. March 11 Discussion on Victims of Conflict, with “Helms-Hunt Case,” taught by Philip Martha Minow, professor, Harvard Law Heymann, professor, Harvard Law School. School. “Cuomo Case,” taught by Kenneth Discussion on Policing with, Philip Winston, lecturer in ethics, Kennedy Heymann, professor, Harvard Law School. School of Government. March 23–25 “Carson Forest Case,” taught by Peter The Experiences of Local Actors in Peace- Zimmerman, senior executive dean for building, Reconstruction and the executive education, Kennedy School of Government. Establishment of Rule of Law March 23 “Innovations in Government,” Steve Goldsmith, former Mayor of Conference Introduction and Welcome by Indianapolis. Ong Jin Hui, director, Public Policy Program, National University of Discussion with Ambassador Richard Singapore; Peter Zimmerman, Kennedy Haass, director of the U.S. State School of Government, Harvard Department Policy Planning Staff. University; and Ambassador William March 12 Luers, president, United Nations “Rebuilding Los Angeles Case,” taught by Association-USA. Xavier Briggs, assistant professor of “Rule of Law in Post Conflict Societies Public Policy, Kennedy School of and the Immediate Challenge of Government. Establishing Peace,” Ian Martin,former “Singapore Tourism Board Case,” taught special representative of the Secretary by Xavier Briggs, assistant professor of General in East Timor, UNAMET Public Policy, Kennedy School of (moderator); Koy Neam, program officer, Government. Asia Foundation in Cambodia; March 13 Aleksander Dardeli, advisor, Office of Legal Support Services to the Prime Discussion on Economic Development in Minister of Kosovo; Saul Suster,former Northern Ireland with James Cooney, senior advisor to President Francisco executive director of the Weatherhead Flores and President Alfredo Cristiani of Center for International Affairs of El Salvador; and Nina Lahoud,

ANNUAL REPORT 2001/2002 33 Department of Peace-keeping Operations, America, War Torn Societies Project United Nations. International; former director of Dinner Speaker: Gareth Evans, president, FLACSO’s Towards a New Security Policy International Crisis Group and former for Democracy Project, Guatemala, and Foreign Minister of Australia. Neil Gallagher, senior vice president at Bank of America with responsibility for March 24 homeland security, former assistant “Building Judicial and Security director of the U.S. Federal Bureau of Institutions for the Long Term,” Louis Investigation, National Security Division. Aucoin, program officer, U.S. Institute of “Accountability Systems for Intelligence Peace, Rule of Law Program; Nesrin Agencies,” Michael O’Neil, former general Lushta, director, Kosovo Judicial Institute; counsel of the U.S. Central Intelligence Bob Manuel, former secretary of state for Agency, and Jose Manuel Ugarte, advisor Public Security, Preval Government, Haiti; to the Senate National Defense and Longuinhos Monteiro,general Commission, Argentina. prosecutor, East Timor. May 30 “The Challenge of Accountability for the Pol Pot Regime’s Crimes,” Ambassador “Developing Centralized Controls over David Scheffer, United Nations Intelligence Policymaking and Association-USA. Implementation,” Siyabulela Mlombile, deputy national commissioner, South Working Group Meetings on Police and African Correctional Services, former Internal Security; Legal System— General Manager of Support Services at Introducing or Reforming Legal Structures; the National Intelligence Coordinating and Capacity Building and Rule of Law. Committee, South Africa; Michael O’Neil, March 25 former general counsel of the U.S. Central Presentation of Working Group Intelligence Agency; and Joy Wijnen Recommendations and Discussion, Riems, senior officer, Netherlands Gareth Evans, president, International National Security Service. Crisis Group (moderator). “The Role and Powers of Peru’s National May 29–31 Intelligence Council (CNI) within the National Intelligence System in Peru Peruvian Intelligence Reform Initiative (SINA),” Ciro Alegría Varona, professor at May 29 the Pontificia Catholic University of Peru, Welcome and Introductory Remarks by advisor to the president of Peru’s Truth Philip Heymann, professor, Harvard Law and Reconciliation Commission and the School and faculty chair, Project on Justice Constitutional Commission of the in Times of Transition. Peruvian Congress, former advisor to the “Briefing on Peruvian Intelligence,” Luis Minister of Defense; and Luis Iberico Iberico Nunez, vice president of Congress, Nunez, vice president of Congress, president of the Subcommittee on Defense president of the Subcommittee on Defense and Intelligence, Peru; and Oscar and Intelligence, Peru. Schiappa-Pietra, Mason Fellow at the “Creating a Culture of Respect for Kennedy School of Government of Intelligence Oversight and Controls,” Luis Harvard University; former senior advisor Moreno Ocampo, president of to the Prime Minister, Peru. Transparent Markets, Poder Ciudadano “Jurisdiction of Intelligence Agencies,” and Transparency International for Latin Vaughn Collins, deputy commissioner of America, former prosecutor, Argentina; Investigation and Organized Crime, and Bernardo Arévalo de Léon, regional Canada; Joy Wijnen Riems, senior officer, director for Latin America, War Torn Netherlands National Security Service; Societies Project International, former and Morris Panner, chief executive director of FLACSO’s Towards a New officer, OpenAir.com, former deputy chief Security Policy for Democracy Project, of the Narcotics Section of the Criminal Guatemala. Division, Department of Justice, U.S.. Discussion of possible recommendations “Permitted and Prohibited Activities of by the Group for Reforming Peruvian Intelligence Agencies,” Bernardo Arévalo Intelligence. de Léon, regional director for Latin May 31 June 21 Proposed Recommendations for Peru. Chairperson’s Introduction by Paddy Summary by Philip Heymann of key Sloan, chief executive, Northern Ireland recommendations by the group and Human Rights Commission. discussion of suggested modifications and Welcoming Remarks by James Cooney, next steps. executive director, Weatherhead Center for June 20–21 International Affairs, Harvard University. Community Action and Peace-building: “Peace-building By Strengthening Civil Mechanisms for Addressing Difference Society,” Branka Kaselj, director, Centre (Co-sponsored by the Project on Justice in for Peace, Nonviolence and Human Times of Transition and the Northern Rights, Croatia. Ireland Voluntary Trust, and the Institute of “Northern Ireland—The Opportunities of Governance.) Peace-building: A Comparative June 20 Perspective from the Balkans,” Mary Lynch, regional manager, PRONI Institute Introduction and Welcome by Avila of Social Education. Kilmurray, director, Northern Ireland Voluntary Trust; and Sara Zucker, Conference Summary and Conclusions by director, Project on Justice in Times of Paddy Sloan, chief executive, Northern Transition. Ireland Human Rights Commission. Introduction by Conference Chairperson, Project on Justice, Welfare, and Paddy Sloan,chiefexecutive,Northern Economics Ireland Human Rights Commission. Established in June 2001, as one of the last “Peace-building: A Challenge for actions of Neil Rudenstine as president of Community Action in Northern Ireland,” Harvard University, the Project on Justice, Michael Morrissey, lecturer in social Welfare, and Economics seeks to foster policy, University of Ulster, chair of the scholarly research by faculty and graduate Urban Institute in Belfast. students on issues at the intersection of the Working Group Discussions on Peace- social sciences and applied ethics. building in Areas of Tension; Peace- During the academic year 2001–02 the building Work with Young People; Peace- Project on Justice, Welfare, and Economics building through Single Identity Work; sponsored a number of discussions with and Peace-building through Community faculty members and graduate students to Arts and Culture. develop its agenda. Twelve student grants were awarded for the summer 2002 and academic “Understanding the Past as a Mechanism year 2002–2003 to support Harvard graduate for Peace-building,” Youk Chhang, students whose research topics are relevant to director, Documentation Center of questions of justice and human welfare. The Cambodia. main thrust of this initiative is to develop a Working Group Discussions on Peace- new generation of students, linked to building through Working with Victims of distinguished scholars, whose work the Troubles; Peace-building through encompasses ethical, political, and economic Community Action; and Peace-building dimensions of human development. through Rights and Justice Work. The Faculty Committee that oversees this “Confronting Our Own Fears of Peace- project is co-chaired by Professors Martha building,” Billy Robinson, director, Minow and Thomas Scanlon. Its members Counteract. include Benjamin Friedman, Michael Kremer, “Encouraging Peace-building through Jane Mansbridge, Frank Michelman, Dennis Inter-Religious Cooperation,” Snjezana Thompson, and Richard Tuck, as well as the Kovacevic, program director, Centre for Weatherhead Center Director, Jorge Peace, Nonviolence, and Human Rights, Domínguez. Amartya Sen also participates in Croatia. this project and its governance. The Project on Justice, Welfare and Presentation by Youth Action theatre Economics is anchored in the Faculty of Arts group. and Sciences, but also includes professors and students at the Kennedy School of

ANNUAL REPORT 2001/2002 35 Government, the Law School, and other November 1 Schools of the University. The Provost’s Office “An Inside View of the UN and Iraq,” provides general oversight for the project, Carne Ross, head of the Middle East which is housed at the Weatherhead Center. Section, United Kingdom Mission to the DISSERTATION FELLOWSHIP United Nations. RECIPIENTS November 15 Nava Ashraf “Transformations in the Arab World: Daniel Gingerich Empirical Studies, Theoretical Deliberations,” Helga Baumgarten, Xiaojiang Hu associate professor of political science, Bir Waheed Hussain Zeit University. Seema Jayachandran November 29 Kala Mulqueeny “Partition in Palestine Revisited: What is a Hani Sayed Fair Solution?” Ilan Pappé, senior lecturer Sven Spengemann of political science at Haifa University. Summer Research Grant Recipients January 31 Ronald Chen “The Arab–Israeli Conflict: Do They Ever Learn?” Shibley Telhami, Anwar Sadat David Evans Professor for Peace and Development, Bryan Graham University of Maryland. Guanglin Liu February 7 “The Presidential Elections of 2001 and MIDDLE EAST the Khatami Presidency: Has Anything Middle East Seminar Changed?” Houchang Chehabi, professor of international relations and history, The Center’s Middle East Seminar is co- Boston University. sponsored by the Center for Middle Eastern Studies. The seminar, chaired by Herbert February 21 Kelman between 1978 and 1996, is now co- “Fictionalizing the Story of Jerusalem’s chaired by Lenore G. Martin, Sara Roy, and Dome of the Rock,” Kanan Makiya, Professor Kelman. author of The Rock: A Tale of Seventh- In 2001–02, the fifteen sessions of the Century Jerusalem and director of the Iraq seminar focused on the Israeli–Palestinian Research and Documentation Project. conflict and the peace process; the 9/11 attack March 7 on the U.S. and the war on terrorism; U.S. and “The Future of the Peace Process: Israeli U.N. policy toward Iraq; and political Perspectives,” Gadi Baltiansky, Wexner- developments in the Arab and Muslim worlds. Israel Fellow, Kennedy School of The seminar was funded by the Government, and media advisor to Prime Weatherhead Center and the Center for Minister Ehud Barak, 1999–2000; Alon Middle Eastern Studies. Ben-David, Wexner-Israel Fellow, September 20 Kennedy School of Government, and “The Future of Political Islam,” Graham Head of the News Defense Desk, Israeli Fuller, former vice-chairman of the Broadcasting Authority; Gidi Grinstein, National Intelligence Council for Long Wexner-Israel Fellow, Kennedy School of Range Forecasting, resident senior Government, and secretary of the Israeli consultant at RAND Corporation. Negotiating Team for the Permanent Status Agreement, 1999–2001. October 4 March 18 “The Attack Against America: An Arab View,” Rami Khouri, Nieman Fellow “The Future of the Middle East Peace 2001–02, former editor, The Jordan Times. Process,” Dennis Ross, distinguished fellow and counselor at the Washington October 18 Institute for Near East Policy, special “U.S. Policy and the Israeli–Palestinian Middle East Envoy for the first Bush and Crisis,” Constance Mayer, senior Middle Clinton Administrations. (Joint session East analyst, Bureau of Intelligence and with the Seminar on International Conflict Research, U.S. Department of State. Analysis and Resolution.) March 21 between culturally distinct groups in situations “The Geopolitical Dimensions of the War of sharp structural asymmetry, with emphasis Against Terrorism,” Michael Klare,Five on disputes over the use of, and rights to, land College Professor of Peace and World and natural resources. Security Studies, Hampshire, Amherst, PANDA Project Smith, and Mount Holyoke Colleges and In 1988, as part of the Program that later came University of Massachusetts, Amherst. to be known as PANDA, analysts began to April 4 systematically assess the incidence of “The War on Terrorism and the World nonviolent struggle throughout the world, Recession: Economic Consequences for with a data lens sensitive to the contentious the Middle East,” Roger Owen, A.J. Meyer and coercive, but not yet violent, struggle in an Professor of History, Harvard University. effort to generate early warnings on escalation April 25 into violence. The purpose of this project is to determine conditions under which “Israeli Army Refusers: Ethical and contemporary nonviolent struggle has been Ideological Underpinnings and Societal successful in effecting social, political, or Responses,” Guy Grossman, masters economic change, or in resisting tyranny. To candidate, Department of History and the extent that nonviolent struggle was found, Philosophy of Science and Ideas, Tel Aviv evidence also was sought to determine whether University; Lieutenant (Reserve- this form of “people power,” was spreading. Paratroopers); and member, Leadership PANDA project members have developed Circle, Ometz le’Sarev, The Israeli Refusal new conceptual tools to advance their research. Movement. In 1999 project members joined with scholars May 2 at Ohio State University and Virginia “U.S.–Iraq Policy: Is Regime Change in Polytechnic Institute and State University to Iraq’s Future?” Judith Yaphe, senior develop a conceptual framework for Integrated research professor, Institute for National Data for Events Analysis, or IDEA. The IDEA Strategic Studies, National Defense framework was designed explicitly to support University. the automated coding of text, such as electronic global news reports. The IDEA PROGRAM ON NONVIOLENT framework has largely superseded the PANDA SANCTIONS AND CULTURAL protocol, though the core premises about SURVIVAL (PONSACS) contentiousness and coerciveness from the PANDA effort remain central. The Program on Nonviolent Sanctions and To illustrate, in 1998 UNICEF asked Cultural Survival (PONSACS) studies PONSACS to help sort through its security- situations of conflict in order to better incident reports to establish baselines and understand the nature and the capabilities of thresholds in an effort to ensure the security of nonviolent actions in support of human rights its personnel and operations, in the face of and civil liberties. The Program rationale is increasing threats to its representatives in field based on the simple premise about the nature offices. PONSACS responded by designing and of political power—that it is rooted in and incorporating a new Web-based field reporting continually dependent upon cooperation and module with the automated events data obedience, and that each can be withdrawn. parsing, analysis, and visualization software Methodologically, PONSACS combines a used with the IDEA/PANDA protocol. quantitative approach to intranational and PONSACS has expanded its applied research to transnational conflicts through PANDA provide new tools for monitoring conflict in (Protocol for the Assessment of Nonviolent regions where international governmental and Direct Action), an automated early warning nongovernmental organizations are system, with on-the-ground research and conducting relief and or development management informed by anthropological programs. insights. These two strands of research work to identify conflict before violence erupts and to Conflict Analysis and promote, actively, nonviolent alternatives to Management Project armed conflict. Building on PANDA’s capacity for real-time, Program research, analysis, and direct interactive refinement of dynamic-event data interventions focus largely on conflicts sets, anthropologists and area specialists at or

ANNUAL REPORT 2001/2002 37 associated with PONSACS further assess the The seminar focuses on the relationship results. between ethnicity, conflict, and change: This aspect of the Program—the analysis ethnicity, specifically in situations where ethnic and management of specific conflicts—has groups stand in sharp asymmetry; conflict, arisen in response to, and direct experience particularly where natural resources are in with, a particular and increasingly widespread dispute; and change, understood as local series of disputes—those in which stakeholders efforts to alter asymmetry through nonviolent are distinguished by sharp intercultural means. Speakers come from diverse differences and or asymmetric political- backgrounds and have included prominent economic positions. Current area expertise and anthropologists, politicians, physicians, and most research is focused on Latin America and academics. Topics have included ethnic includes the development of strategies for identity and conflict in Europe, managing transforming situations of asymmetric power humanitarian emergencies, indigenous rights relations between indigenous peoples and and the environment in Latin America, and the multinational corporate actors. This case study role of civil society in peace processes and approach enables research on ethnicity, participatory democracy. culture, political-economic change, conflicts, October 30 and state-local responses. The current focus on “Afghanistan: Concluding a War that Wins indigenous peoples and natural resources a Broader Peace in Central Asia,” Thomas builds on previous work and responds to a Barfield, Department of Anthropology, series of related “needs-means” confluences Boston University. that have recently altered the strategies of indigenous peoples, state agencies, and October 31 international economic interests alike. The “Women, Gender, and Nonviolence in Program works to analyze the linkages between Collective Action,” Karen Beckwith, disparate interests and concerns of each sector, PONSACS Visiting Scholar, Political and to suggest ways of managing some of the Science Department, College of Wooster. inevitable conflicts that result. November 7 To illustrate, the Program continues “New Approaches to Managing coordination of the “Dialogues on Oil in Fragile Environmental and Natural Resource Environments,” underway since 1997 at Conflicts in Latin America,” Yolanda Harvard University, as well as a new training Kakabadse, Graduate School of Forestry program “New Environmental and Social and Environmental Studies, Yale Standards in the Amazon Basin: Paths toward University; founder and president, Tripartite Cooperation in the Hydrocarbon Fundación Futuro Latinoamericano; Sector.” PONSACS also undertakes research President, World Conservation Union and direct field intervention in specific (IUCN); president, Geneva International. conflicts. The Program publishes research results, undertakes and assists in training and December 5 education in the field and at Harvard “Plan Colombia: An Indigenous University, and continues to strengthen Response,” Maria Eugenia Choque of relations and project activities with Bolivia, Clemente Wilson, Taina international practitioner and research groups. Hedman, and Iguaibiliguina Hedman of Seminar on Ethnicity, Culture, Panama, and Jesus Avirama of Colombia. and Change (Co-sponsored by Cultural Survival, Inc.) February 26 Chair: David Maybury-Lewis “If Peace in Colombia, Then What? During the academic year 2001–02, the Participatory Democracy and Civil Society Program on Nonviolent Sanctions and in the Peace Process and Beyond,” Luis Cultural Survival hosted a seminar series, Fernando de Angulo, Institute for Human “Seminars on Ethnicity, Culture, and Change.” Rights and International Relations, The series reflects the program’s ongoing Javeriana University, Colombia; Ernesto research and other activities into specific or Borda, Institute of Human Rights and anticipated conflicts. The seminar provides an International Relations, Javierna opportunity to publicly review and critique University; Alvaro Campos, Commission some of PONSACS’ current activities and for National Conciliation. research initiatives. March 20 David Maybury-Lewis, director, PONSACS “UN Conflict Early Warning: Future Churl Oh, program affiliate, Virtual Research Prospects,” Vincenzo Bollettino, Associates, Inc. PONSACS Postdoctoral Fellow. Peter Poole, program affiliate Jennifer Schirmer, program affiliate, April 30 International Peace Research Institute of “Colombia: Struggling Against Terrorism, Oslo (PRIO) Working Toward Peace.”A panel discussion with Rand Beers, International POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT Narcotics Law and Enforcement Affairs. U.S. Department of State; Father Harvard/MIT Joint Seminar on Francisco de Roux, director, Program for Political Development (JOSPOD) Development and Peace in Magdalena The Harvard/MIT Joint Seminar on Political Medio, winner, 2001 Colombian National Development (JOSPOD) was founded by Peace Prize; Anders Kompass, United Samuel Huntington (Harvard) and Myron Nations High Commission for Human Weiner (MIT) during academic year 1963–64. Rights in Colombia; Ellen Lutz,Center for It met for 35 consecutive years until it was Human Rights and Conflict Resolution, briefly discontinued for two years after Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, Weiner’s death. Professors Kanchan Chandra Tufts University; Alejandro Santos, (MIT) and Jorge Domínguez (Harvard Semana, Colombia’s main weekly news University) re-launched the Seminar during magazine; Mark Schneider.Moderated by 2001–02. The Weatherhead Center for Joseph S. Nye Jr., dean John F. Kennedy International Affairs at Harvard and the School of Government. Center for International Studies at the MIT co- (Co-sponsored by the John F. Kennedy sponsor the seminar. Alternating between the School of Government Institute of Politics, Harvard and MIT Faculty Clubs, the seminar Harvard Law School Human Rights met for dinner on Wednesday evenings during Program, the Project on Justice in Times of the academic year to bring together scholars Transition, the Center for Public and practitioners of political development, Leadership, the Edward S. Mason Program mainly from the Boston area. In 2001–02, the in Public Policy and Management, the theme for the seminar for the year was the Women and Public Policy Program, and the interdisciplinary study of the state. Each Colombian Colloquium of Graduate meeting began with a presentation by a Students and Scholars at Harvard and designated speaker on a topic related to the MIT.) general theme of the year. An hour-long discussion followed each presentation. PONSACS AFFILIATES Naunihal Singh served as the seminar’s S. James Anaya, program affiliate, University executive secretary. (Both the Weatherhead of Arizona Center and the MIT Center for International Studies are directed by former JOSPOD Karen Beckwith, visiting scholar, College of executive secretaries, Jorge Domínguez and Wooster Richard Samuels.) This academic year Vincenzo Bollettino, postdoctoral fellow JOSPOD had just over 100 members with an Douglas Bond, associate director, PONSACS average attendance of 30 people at each Joseph Bond, program affiliate, Virtual session. Research Associates, Inc. Chairs: Jorge I. Domínguez (Harvard University) and Kanchan Chandra (MIT) Lucia Clark, program graduate student affiliate October 3 David Edeli, program student affiliate “The State and National Identity,” Samuel Amanda Flohr, program coordinator Huntington, Albert J. Weatherhead III Bret Gustafson, Weatherhead Center graduate University Professor, Harvard University. student associate October 31 Pippa Heylings, program affiliate “What the State Does Not See and Would Theodore Macdonald, associate director, Really Rather Not Know,” Michael PONSACS Herzfeld, Department of Anthropology, Ian MacIntosh, program affiliate, Cultural Harvard University. Survival, Inc.

ANNUAL REPORT 2001/2002 39 November 28 and empirically systematic with regard to both “Patriotic Partnerships: Why Great Wars political institutions and economic factors. Nourished American Civic Voluntarism,” December 14 Theda Skocpol, Victor S. Thomas “Representation as Agency Across Professor of Government and Sociology, Electoral Systems: How Electoral Rules Harvard University. Shape the Political Logic of Benefits and February 6 Costs,” Kathleen Bawn, political science, University of California, Los Angeles; and “Trust in Transition: Implications for Frances Rosenbluth, political science, Yale Governments and States,” Margaret Levi, University. Jere L. Bacharach Professor of International Studies, University of Discussants: Tim Besley, economics, London Washington at Seattle. School of Economics; and John Huber, political science, Columbia University March 6 “Private Politics,” David Baron, “Spatializing States: Toward an economics, business, and political science, Ethnography of Neoliberal Stanford University. Governmentality,” Akhil Gupta, Anthropology Department, Stanford Discussants: James Alt, government, Harvard University. University; and Nolan McCarty, politics, Princeton University POLITICAL ECONOMY “The Domestic Politics of International Financial Rescues: Congressional Voting Faculty Discussion Group on on Bailouts in the 1990s,” J. Lawrence Political Economy Broz, political science, University of This group convenes weekly to discuss a California, at San Diego. previously distributed paper on a wide range Discussants: Randall Kroszner, economics and of subjects related to political economy. business, University of Chicago and Council Faculty from the Department of Government, of Economic Advisers; and Tom Romer, Economics, the Harvard Law School, the politics, Princeton University Kennedy School of Government, and other June 1 academic institutions attend the discussions. “The Institutional Foundations of Public Political Institutions and Economic Policy: A Transactions Approach with Policy (PIEP) Application to Argentina,” Pablo Spiller, This invitation-only seminar is sponsored by business, University of California, the Weatherhead Center for International Berkeley; and Mariano Tommasi, Affairs and the Center for Basic Research in economics, Universidad de San Andrés. the Social Sciences. Over the past 25 years, two Discussants: Daron Acemoglu, economics, separate strands of research in political MIT; and Robert Bates, government, economy have developed. The first is the Harvard University rigorous analysis of the impact of political institutions on political behavior and political “Privatization, Institutions and outcomes. The second is the analysis of the Performance: Telecommunications in making of economic policy, which has tried to Africa,” Roger Noll, economics and develop theoretically consistent and empiri- political science, Stanford University. cally grounded explanations of economic Discussants: Ugo Panizza, Inter-American policy outcomes. Typically, they have Development Bank and Mark Ramseyer, developed entirely segregated from each other: law, Harvard University the analysis of political institutions without “Political competition and government concern for economic policymaking accountability,” Tim Besley, economics, implications, and the study of economic London School of Economics. policymaking with limited attention to the Discussants: David Baron, economics, institutional environment in which it takes business, and political science, Stanford place. The goal of this seminar is to encourage University; and Lisa Martin, government, the development of an approach to politics Harvard University and policymaking that is theoretically rigorous Project on Religion, Political respondents in the surveys. The study includes Economy, and Society effects from religious pluralism as measured by Principal Investigator: Professor Robert the array of denominations represented within Barro, Harvard University a country. Effects from economic and political variables are considered also. Later work will Project Director: Dr. Rachel M. McCleary, extend previous research on the consequences Harvard University of religiousness for economic and political The Project on Religion, Political Economy, outcomes. Some of this work will be at the and Society at Harvard University’s country level and some at the level of Weatherhead Center for International Affairs individuals. was launched in spring 2001, and is an Edward Glaeser is studying the relationship interdisciplinary effort that focuses on research between education and religion. He is focusing and teaching of religion as it relates to the on the U.S., but also is comparing the U.S. social sciences. The project explores the role of results to those from other countries. Across religion in the economic, political, and social individuals, more educated persons attend development of individuals and nations. religious services more often. Across The Project explores how religiosity denominations, those with more educated responds to economic development and to members have lower attendance. Glaeser’s government regulation, subsidy, and research attempts to explain these differences. suppression. Its members seek to learn how He finds that religion serves two purposes: religious beliefs and practices influence organized religion acts as a social institution, individual productivity, economic growth, and which provides a network of connections, the maintenance of political institutions such schooling for children, and many other as democracy. They also want to understand services; and religion typically promises how religiosity interacts with violence within supernatural payoffs, such as rewards in the societies and across international borders. afterlife. Education increases the importance of More generally, by pursuing and disseminating religion as a social institution. More educated research and by stimulating the inquiry of people are more likely to be members of every others, the project seeks to promote the study kind of social institution, presumably because of religion as a significant subject area of the education raises the returns from social social sciences. connection. Education, however, may also RESEARCH INITIATIVES diminish belief in the supernatural effects of Rachel McCleary is conducting research on religion. Glaeser’s hypothesis is that, across religious nongovernmental agencies in the U.S. individuals, the first effect dominates, whereas, that take federal funds for overseas social across denominations, the second effect programs. McCleary is interested in dominates. This pattern applies because determining whether: by taking federal funds, denominations represent groups that have religious NGOs become “secularized,” or already sorted, to a considerable extent, on compromise on their religious and moral their religious beliefs. principles; or if NGOs tend to engage in Laurence Iannaccone will be teaching religion particular types of social programs. as part of his economics courses at George Interaction, the umbrella organization for Mason University. Iannaccone also will be a nongovernmental organizations, is cooperating visiting fellow at the Weatherhead Center for to provide data. The study relies on data from two weeks in fall 2002. Iannaccone recently U.S. federal agencies going back to the 1960s. authored “Looking Backward: A Cross- Thus, the findings will apply over time as well National Study of Religious Trends.” In this as across programs and religious NGOs. research, he uses the International Social Robert Barro is studying the effects on Survey Programme (ISSP) to construct time religious participation and beliefs from series for 30 countries back to 1925 on church government policies, such as establishment of attendance of children and parents. He religion, regulation of the religion market, and generated these data—previously unavailable suppression of religious expression. He is using for long time periods for most countries— cross-country data from the World Values ingeniously by using retrospective survey Survey, the International Social Survey questions on church attendance when the Programme (ISSP), and Gallup International. respondent was a child. Iannaccone is also Part of the study is at the country-wide level studying the relationship between terrorism and part is at the level of the individual and religion in “The Good, the Bad, and the

ANNUAL REPORT 2001/2002 41 Deadly.” His principal thesis asserts that doing important work on religion in the social religion sustains commitments, which can be sciences have made presentations at the forces for good or evil depending on the biweekly seminar on Religion, Political context. He argues that the outcomes tend to Economy, and Society. In this inaugural year, be favorable when the government fosters a most of the speakers were from outside free market in religion, but tend to be harmful Harvard. The series has sparked significant when the government suppresses free interest in research among professors and expression, notably among minority groups. students from several fields at Harvard, including economics, government, sociology, RECENT PUBLICATIONS near eastern studies, and the study of religion. Robert Barro and Rachel McCleary coauthored Further, these seminars have generated support “Religion and Political Economy in an from faculty and graduate students at Boston International Panel,” National Bureau of College and MIT. Economic Research working paper no. 8931, The project’s Web site May 2002. Economic and political has helped developments affect religiosity, and the extent to establish a community of thinkers and of religious participation and beliefs influence researchers. Over 80 journal abstracts and economic performance and political fifteen book citations from the past ten years institutions. The authors study these two have been selected for their relevance to the directions of causation in a broad cross- project. In addition, twelve working papers are country panel that includes survey available online to promote peer review. This information over the last 20 years on church presence on the Internet has produced e-mail attendance and an array of religious beliefs. inquiries from researchers in Pakistan, South Although religiosity declines overall with Africa, Israel, Scandinavia, and Europe. economic development, the nature of the In addition to educational outreach, the response varies with the dimension of project is stimulating teaching on religion. For development. Church attendance and religious example, Robert Barro will be teaching a beliefs are positively related to education course on macroeconomics and politics to (thereby conflicting with theories in which undergraduates in the spring term 2003. Part religion reflects non-scientific thinking) and of his course is a unit on the relationship negatively related to urbanization. Also between religion and economic growth. Rachel investigated are the effects of official state McCleary will be teaching the political religions, government regulation of the economy of development to undergraduates in religion market, Communism, religious the spring term 2002. Her course will include a pluralism, and the denominational sub-unit on religion and development. In the composition of religious adherence. On the spring term 2003, she will teach a junior other side, the finding is that economic growth seminar for government majors on religion responds positively to the extent of some and politics. religious beliefs but negatively to church Finally, we will host an interdisciplinary attendance. That is, growth depends on the conference at Harvard in spring 2003. The extent of believing relative to belonging. These focus of this meeting will be on comparative results hold up when the estimation uses as research in religious studies. instrumental variables the measures of official PROJECT ON RELIGION, POLITICAL state religion, government regulation, and ECONOMY AND SOCIETY SEMINAR religious pluralism. McCleary also authored “Salvation and The Project on Religion, Political Economy, Economic Incentives.” This work investigates and Society was established to encourage the role that a doctrine of salvation has on the scholarly research on religion and the social economic life of adherents. Starting with Max sciences. Research is taking place in five Weber’s ideas on the genesis of capitalism, she subcategories: civil society and public life; the examines the doctrines of salvation in the nation-state and church-state relations; family, main religious denominations: Catholic, gender, and personal choices; economic Protestant, Muslim, Hindu, and Buddhist. In activity and business; and globalization. The each case, the beliefs are tied conceptually to project encourages scholars to engage in the incentives that influence economic choices. comparative analysis using international data on religion and the social sciences. In the fall EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES of 2001 the Religion, Political Economy, and Over the past year, thirteen scholars who are Society project will be inaugurating its seminar series. Distinguished scholars working on the Harvard University. topic of religion have been invited to speak on March 20 their current research. “Explaining the Human side of Religion: October 3 A Review of Initial Efforts,” Roger Finke, “Is Religion a Civic Resource?” Robert professor of sociology, Pennsylvania State Putnam, The Peter and Isabel Malkin University. Professor of Public Policy; and director, April 3 Saguaro Seminar, John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University. “Machiavelli and Spinoza on the Theological-Political Problem,” Harvey October 17 Mansfield, William R. Kenan Jr. Professor “Restless Gods: The Renaissance of of Government, Harvard University. Religion in Canada,” Reginald W. Bibby, April 17 professor of sociology, The University of Lethbridge, Canada. “The Political Origins of Religious Liberty,” Anthony Gill, associate professor October 31 of political science, University of “The Future of World Fundamentalisms,” Washington. Martin E. Marty, Fairfax M. Cone May 1 Distinguished Service Professor Emeritus of the History of Modern Christianity; “Salvation and Economic Behavior,” and the Committee on the History of Rachel McCleary, director, Project on Culture, The University of Chicago. Religion, Political Economy and Society, Harvard University. November 14 “Congregations and Social Services: POLITICAL VIOLENCE Holistic Approaches, Prophetic Voices, and Other Myths,” Mark Chaves, Political Violence and professor of sociology and chair, The Peacekeeping Workshop University of Arizona. The Political Violence and Peacekeeping November 28 workshop met for its second year. This year- “Education and Religion,” Edward long workshop was devoted to issues related to Glaeser, professor of economics, Harvard political violence and peacekeeping. It was University. organized by Professors Robert Bates and Monica Toft to bring together advanced December 12 Harvard graduate students and faculty with “The Role of Religion in Economic and interests on these issues on a regular basis. The Demographic Behavior: Evidence from faculty organizers believed this to be important the U.S. National Survey of Families and especially for the graduate students, who are Households,” Evelyn Lehrer, professor done with coursework and are often isolated and director of undergraduate studies, from faculty and peers. Department of Economics , University of Participants in the workshop discussed Illinois at Chicago. works in progress by participating faculty, February 6 dissertation material by graduate students, and “The Quantification of Religion for Cross- recent articles published on related issues. The Sectional Analyses,” Jonathan Fox, seminar was designed to serve the Harvard lecturer, Political Science Department, Bar community, however, students with similar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel. interests from MIT also attended the seminar. October 24 February 20 “When Does Power-sharing Bring Peace?” “Trends in Religiosity in the United States Dorina Bekoe. during the 20th Century,” Laurence R. Iannaccone, professor of economics, December 5 Santa Clara University. “To Bargain or Brawl,” Macartan March 6 Humphreys. “Religiosity and Economic Variables in a February 6 Panel of Countries,” Robert Barro,Robert “Indivisible Territory and Ethnic War,” C. Waggoner Professor of Economics, Monica Toft.

ANNUAL REPORT 2001/2002 43 2001–02 PARTICIPANTS taneously in the political, economic, and Ivan Arreguin-Toft cultural life of both their host nations and their countries of origin. In doing so, these Robert Bates individuals decouple the congruence between Dorina Bekoe residence, participation, and membership Sarah Lischer traditionally framed by nationality. Maria Popova These new transnational identities and institutions are not well understood. We often James Habyarimana conflate global westernization with genuinely Macartan Humphreys transnational phenomena. Moreover, efforts to Naunihal Singh comprehend and differentiate between the Monica Toft emergence of new collectivities, the trans- formation of older ones, and the elaboration REDEFINING BOUNDARIES OF of more traditional forms of economic, BELONGING political, and cultural imperialism are hampered by the concepts and languages we The events of September 11, 2001 alerted us — use to analyze social, economic, and political as no academic debate could—to the multiple systems. meanings of globalization, with the World Heightened interest in global issues and Trade Center complex as a potent symbol of increased confusion about what globalism and global westernization and the al Qaeda globalization actually mean demand a more terrorists who destroyed it as agents of careful examination of these phenomena. We genuinely transnational global networks. need to distinguish between what is genuinely America’s response to the attack served to transnational and what is global westernization underscore these polarities. The U.S. redux. We need to understand the new government forged intergovernmental alliances collectivities and identities that are reshaping to destroy terrorist networks but al Qaeda our world and the ways in which these could not be directly engaged because it is challenge our sense of who we are and what stateless. The best we could do was to bring our rights and obligations to the collective our military might to bear on the country—a good should be. Such inquiries would enable place without a functioning government— us to begin bridging the gaps between the harboring the network’s leaders and to attempt multiple disciplines that are studying global to identify and detain al Qaeda cells here and phenomena and to develop concepts and abroad. languages unhampered by the artifacts of The polar meanings of globalization are nationality that would thus be more suited to also evident in the often violent protests that the task. have greeted the meetings of the World Trade During FY 2001–02, we received support Organization, the World Economic Forum, from the Weatherhead Center to hold a series and other multinational entities concerned of meetings to organize a working seminar to with expanding global markets. In these address these questions. We held three encounters, the governments and corporations meetings in the fall and three meetings in the promoting global westernization are opposed spring. We spent our first meetings by supporters of transnational nongovern- introducing our concerns to perspective mental organizations and movements participants and recruiting a group of scholars concerned with economic justice, the who was interested in working on these issues environment, public health, and human rights. together. These meetings were often organized These polarities of state and stateless around a set of readings that could provide us forces obscure the emergence of less visible but with a common starting point. By December, no less important forms of transnational life. we had convened a core group from the In addition to the Worldwide Web and the Harvard community and from other Internet, the telecommunications revolution universities. These include Devesh Kapur, has nurtured “production networks” like the Julian Blake, Stanley Tambiah, Engseng Ho, loosely coupled community of software Sanjeev Khagram, Adil Najam, Sukki Kong, developers that created Linux. The inter- Sally Merry, and Robert Weller. In the spring nationalization of labor markets has created we began to define a set of common questions substantial populations of resident aliens in and to explore the ways in which our every advanced industrial nation—“trans- individual research projects speaks to our national villagers” who participate simul- shared concerns. This done, we agreed upon a schedule to begin to present our work to each November 8 other in the fall. We will do so during a second “The Basic Structure and the Idea of series of dinner meetings, which were Constitutionalism in India,” Pratap Mehta, generously funded by a second continuation director, Center for Philosophy, Jawaharlal grant from the Weatherhead Center. Nehru University, New Delhi, India. SOUTH ASIA November 9 “Religion and Misplaced Secularity in South Asia Seminar South Asia,” Ayesha Jalal, professor of Chairs: Devesh Kapur and Sugata Bose history, Tufts University; MacArthur Established in 1989, the South Asia Seminar Fellow. (Co-sponsored with the Modern completed its thirteenth year in 2001–02. Since Asia Series, Asia Center.) its inception, the seminar has had an November 29 interdisciplinary orientation and has focused “India Still Matters: Economic Growth, on political, economic, security, and cultural Social Empowerment, Political Democracy issues in South Asia. Scholars, journalists, and and Diversity in Modern India,” Jairam public figures from (or specializing in) the Ramesh, secretary, Economic Cell of the subcontinent have presented their work in the All India Congress Committee. (Co- seminar. The South Asia Seminar attracts sponsored with the GSAS South Asia faculty, visiting scholars, and students from Association of Harvard Students.) Harvard and other universities. The South Asia December 6 Seminar was funded by the Weatherhead Center for International Affairs and the Asia “India, Europe and the Making of the Center. Early Modern World, 1600–1800,” David September 28 A. Washbrook, reader in Modern South Asian History, St. Anthony’s College, “Crucible of Conflict, Cradle of Peace: University of Oxford. Kashmir in Historical Perspective,” Sugata Bose, Gardiner Professor of Oceanic December 14 History and Affairs, Department of “Culture and Psychology in the History, Harvard University. (Co- Kamasutra,” Sudhir Kakar, senior fellow, sponsored with the Modern Asia Series, Asia Center for the Study of World Religions, Center.) Harvard Divinity School; psychoanalyst, October 315 and writer. (Co-sponsored with the GSAS “Electoral Politics and Party System in South Asia Association of Harvard Contemporary India,” Yogendra Yadav, Students.) director, Institute for Comparative February 22 Democracy, Centre for the Study of “Patronage Politics and Ethnic Politics in Developing Societies, New Delhi, India. India,” Kanchan Chandra, assistant October 26 professor of political science, Department “The Aftermath of Sept. 11: Implications of Political Science, MIT; Academy for South Asia,” Devesh Kapur, associate Scholar, Harvard Academy for professor of government, Department of International and Area Studies, Harvard Government, Harvard University; Adil University. Najam, assistant professor, Department of March 8 International Relations, Boston University; “Can Good Projects Succeed in ‘Bad’ Robert Travers, assistant professor of Communities? Collective Action and history, Department of History, Harvard Local Public Goods in the Himalayas,” University. Asim Ijaz Khwaja, assistant professor of Moderator: Sugata Bose, Gardiner Professor of public policy, John F. Kennedy School of Oceanic History and Affairs, Department Government, Harvard University. of History, Harvard University March 15 “Genetic Evidence on the Origins of Indian Caste Populations,” Michael J. Bamshad, associate professor, Eccles Institute of Human Genetics, University of Utah.

ANNUAL REPORT 2001/2002 45 April 5 American national identity and national “Education and Institutional Change: interests; and the problem of internal and Explaining India’s Low Schooling,” Anjini interstate wars, and ethnic violence. The Kochar, assistant professor, Department Institute also sponsors several national security of Economics, Stanford University. conferences and seminars and involves other scholars, as Olin Associates, in its activities. April 26 During the 2001–02 academic year, the “Cosmopolitan Migrants: The Politics of Institute hosted three predoctoral fellows, five Work and Identity in South India,” K. postdoctoral fellows, one Bradley Fellow, one Sivaramakrishnan, assistant professor, Air Force National Defense Fellow, and one Department of Anthropology, University Navy Federal Executive Fellow. Five faculty of Washington-Seattle. members from the Department of May 3 Government at Harvard and two from the “The September 11 Fallout in South Asia,” Kennedy School of Government actively Nayan Chanda, director of publications, participated in the work of the Institute. Center for the Study of Globalization, Yale The central administration of the Olin University; editor-at-large, Far Eastern Institute in 2000–01 included Stephen Peter Economic Review.(Co-sponsored with the Rosen, director; Monica Duffy Toft, assistant Modern Asia Series, Asia Center.) director; Ann Townes, program coordinator; and Katie Gallagher, research assistant. Arman JOHN M. OLIN INSTITUTE FOR Grigorian chaired the National Security STRATEGIC STUDIES Studies Group in 2001–02. The John M. Olin Foundation provides the The John M. Olin Institute for Strategic core funding for the Institute and its activities. Studies, founded July 1, 1989 as an In 2001–02, the Bradley Foundation, the Smith autonomous entity within the Weatherhead Richardson Foundation, and the Office of Net Center for International Affairs, was the result Assessment in the Office of the Secretary of of an expansion and institutionalization of the Defense also provided support to the Institute. Center’s program in national security studies Additional funding was provided by the made possible by the initiative and expanded Weatherhead Center for International Affairs. support of the John M. Olin Foundation. The dean of the Faculty of Arts and Sciences, in Faculty Members consultation with the director of the Center, During the 2001–02 academic year five faculty appoints the director of the Olin Institute. members from the Department of Govern- The goal of the Olin Institute after the ment at Harvard and two from the Kennedy cold war has been to play a leading role in School of Government were involved in the understanding the changes in the nature of the work of the Olin Institute through active and security challenges to the U.S. and to countries regular participation in its seminars, study around the world. Institute research projects groups, and research projects. The Beton have dealt with the changing role of Congress Michael Kaneb Professorship of National in the formulation of U.S. foreign and defense Security and Military Affairs is an endowed policy; Russian and American approaches to chair made possible by the generosity of Mr. the post–cold war world; the decline of John Kaneb. The Olin Institute administers the multinational continental empires; the chair and provides support to its incumbent, economic balance of power; the politics of Stephen Peter Rosen, who teaches in the civilizations in the post–cold war world; the Government Department, conducts his own changing security environment and American research at the Institute, and serves as the national interests; and the U.S. military in director of the Institute. The Olin Institute post–cold war American society. Activities of supports a joint position, the holder of which the Olin Institute have also included the is the assistant director of the Institute and an Program in Economics and National Security assistant or associate professor in either the and the Harvard Russian Institute of Harvard Department of Government or the International Affairs in Moscow. Topics of John F. Kennedy School of Government. current research projects include the new Monica Duffy Toft, appointed to the position strategic dynamics in Asia; the investigation of in 1999, teaches in the area of strategy and the biological bases of cognition, in order to national security at the Kennedy School, better understand individual and group conducts research at the Institute, and helps decision-making in international relations; direct its activities. John M. Olin Fellows in October 1 National Security “Pride, Prejudice, and Plutonium: For over twenty years the Olin Institute and its Explaining Decisions to Acquire Nuclear predecessor program have appointed pre- and Weapons,” Jacques Hymans, postdoctoral postdoctoral Fellows in National Security. fellow, Olin Institute. Eight national security fellows and one Bradley October 15 Fellow were appointed for the 2001–02 “Attracting Trouble: Democracy and the fellowship program. In addition, the Olin Targeting of Militarized Disputes,” Institute hosted a lieutenant colonel in the U.S. Christopher Gelpi, professor of political Air Force, and a captain (select) in the U.S. science, Duke University. Navy. Of the postdoctoral fellows, one was from Harvard, one from Princeton, one from October 22 Duke, one from the University of Virginia, and “Do Great Powers Balance Against one from Stanford. Of the predoctoral fellows, Hegemonic Threats?” Jack Levy, professor one was from the University of Chicago, one of political science, Rutgers University. from Columbia, and one from the University October 29 of North Carolina. One of the postdoctoral “Symptom or Disease: Arms Races and fellows will be teaching at Columbia next year. the causes of War,” Benjamin Runkle, Of the remaining postdoctoral fellows, three Bradley Fellow, Olin Institute. will be taking additional postdoctoral November 5 fellowships, two at the Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs at Harvard, “Determinants of Military Capability,” and one at the Mershon Center at Ohio Stephen Biddle, professor of political University. Two of the predoctoral fellows will science, University of North Carolina. continue their research as dissertation fellows, November 12 one at the Belfer Center for Science and “Cooperation for Victory: Democracy, International Affairs at Harvard, and another International Partnership and State War at the U.S. Army’s Center for Military History. Performance,” Ajin Choi, postdoctoral The remaining predoctoral fellow will fellow, Olin Institute. continue her research through the University November 19 of Chicago. The Bradley fellow will be a dissertation fellow at the Belfer Center for “Hurting When Unable to Help: Third Science and International Affairs at Harvard. Party Intervention and the Escalation of Violence Against Minorities,” Arman National Security Studies Group Grigorian, predoctoral fellow, Olin For over a decade the Olin Institute and its Institute. predecessor program have sponsored the November 26 National Security Studies Group, a weekly “Combat Experience and Response: seminar for Weatherhead Center affiliates with American Infantrymen in the War for an interest in strategic studies. The seminar Independence, the Civil War, and the series gives speakers the opportunity to present Second World War,” Christopher published and unpublished papers, as well as Hamner, predoctoral fellow, Olin works-in-progress. During the 2001–02 Institute. academic year, Arman Grigorian chaired the seminar group. The schedule for the year was December 3 as follows: “Human Rights and Transitional Justice,” September 17 Jack Snyder, professor of political science, “State Exit from the International System,” Columbia University. Tanisha Fazal, postdoctoral fellow, Olin December 10 Institute. “A Strategic Model of Alliance Politics,” September 24 Curtis Signorino, professor of political “Ideology, Threat Perception, and Great science, University of Rochester. Power Politics,” Mark Haas, postdoctoral February 4 fellow, Olin Institute. “The Evolution of Support and Opposition to American Military Spending,” Benjamin Fordham, State University of New York, Albany.

ANNUAL REPORT 2001/2002 47 February 11 Other Meetings and Seminars “Why States Believe Foolish Ideas,” Steven November 5 Van Evera,MIT. “Faces of Terrorism,” Jessica Stern, February 25 lecturer, John F. Kennedy School of “Geopolitics Reconsidered: Constitutional Government. Emergence in the Middle Ages,” Deborah December 3 Boucoyannis, Olin Institute. “Radical Islam,” Emmanuel Sivan, March 4 Hebrew University of Jerusalem. “The Impact of Incentives, Hostile February 26 Communication and Sex Differences in a “The Balance of Israel’s National Security Simulated Crisis Experiment,” Rose and its Evolving New Strategy,” Uzi Arad, McDermott, Cornell University. Institute of Policy and Strategy, Israel. March 11 March 18 “Bismarck’s Barricade: The Strategic “Peacekeeping in East Timor and Character of Standing Alliances in Australia’s Contribution to Regional Nineteenth Century Europe,” Jeffrey Security,” Alan Ryan, Australian Army’s Ritter, Rutgers University. Land Warfare Studies Centre. March 18 May 5 “Alliance Loyalty, Abandonment and “Knowing One’s Enemy: The Case of Betrayal,” Peter Liberman, Queen’s Terrorists,” Nathaniel Howell, former U.S. College. Ambassador to Kuwait; Jessica Stern, April 1 lecturer, John F. Kennedy School of “Territorial and Boundary Disputes in Government; Martin Kramer, editor, Latin America and the Caribbean, Middle East Quarterly; and Michael G. 1990–01,” Jorge Domínguez,Harvard Vickers, Center for Strategic and University. Budgetary Assessments. April 8 Economics and National “The Homeland,” Hein Goemans,Duke Security Program University. The Olin Institute has long recognized the April 15 importance of the study of economics in the “Continuing the Evolution: Creating an study of national security. Ethan B. Kapstein Aerospace Expeditionary Force Training ran the Economic and National Security Center,” Michael Trapp, Olin Institute. Program at the Olin Institute for several years. Following the departure of Professor Kapstein, April 22 however, the Institute’s Economic and National “Keeping the Peace,” Page Fortna, Security Program was suspended, for lack of Columbia University. the right person to direct the Program. In April 29 2001, an arrangement was worked out to have “The Political Economy of Grand Professor Jonathan Kirshner of Cornell Strategy,” Kevin Narizny, Olin Institute. University, a former Olin Fellow, take over this Program. Professor Kirshner has done May 6 pathbreaking work on the role of finance and “Delegitimizing the Bomb: International monetary power in national security and on and Domestic Origins of the Nuclear the role of economic and financial crises as Taboo,” Nina Tannenwald,Brown causes of war. A speaker series was the University. principal activity of the Economics and May 8 National Security Program during the 2001–02 “Net Centric Warfare,” Thomas Culora, academic year. The focus of the series was Asia Olin Institute. and, in particular, on what the prospects were for growth and other economic changes in May 13 different states in the region over the next ten “Strategic Action and Emotion in Ethnic years or so, and how these changes might affect Conflict,” Roger Petersen,MIT. the balance of power and other security- related issues. October 19 where the fellows boarded a KC 135 “Russia and Asia: Dilemmas of Power, Stratotanker for the trip to Las Vegas. In-flight Geography, Demography, and Identity,” refueling capabilities were demonstrated en Andrew Kuchins, director of the Russian route where the fellows observed and took part and Eurasian Program at the Carnegie in a refueling of a F-16 Fighting Falcon Endowment for International Peace. aircraft. At Nellis Air Force Base, the fellows received briefings and demonstrations on the November 2 Warfare Center mission, the Fighter Weapons “Economics and Security in U.S. – Japan School, and other Air Force capabilities. The Strategy: Past, Present, and Future,” fellows visited and received demonstrations David L. Asher, senior advisor for East from the Search and Rescue Squadron and the Asian and Pacific Affairs, U.S. Department U.S. Air Force Thunderbirds aerial of State. demonstration squadron. They also received February 21 briefings on soviet weapons capabilities. “Allies, Armaments, and Abandonment,” Wianno Summer Study Ethan B. Kapstein, Stassen Professor of International Peace at the University of June 17–23 Minnesota. The annual Wianno Conference run by the March 15 Olin Institute addressed the issue of how recent work by historians and literary analysts “Economic Interdependence and could help improve our understanding of the Security in the Taiwan Strait,” cultural dimension of the Chinese perspective Thomas Christensen, professor of on world affairs. The work of scholars who political science at MIT. have studied Qing dynasty/Manchu China was Conference on U.S.–Chinese particularly informative, and contributed to an Interactions improved understanding of how Chinese leaders have thought about the problems of March 26–28 managing a multi-ethnic empire since the 17th Continuing the work begun in 2000 with the century. The results of the study have been China Forum, and continued in July 2001, presented to the director, Office on Net Professor Stephen Peter Rosen worked to Assessment, and to senior Defense Department further develop a research program with the officials. Party University of the Communist Party of China focusing on “U.S.–PRC Strategic Olin Institute Program Members Interactions.” Five types of interaction have Stephen Peter Rosen, director been identified for in-depth work: state-to- Monica Duffy Toft, assistant director state interaction; economic interaction; social interaction; computer network interaction; Ann Townes, program coordinator and public health interaction. In July of 2001, Katie Gallagher, research assistant members of the Party University and Olin NATIONAL SECURITY FELLOWS Institute scholars met in Cambridge to discuss initial work in several of these areas. The Deborah Boucoyannis delegations met again in March 2002 to focus Ajin Choi on the issue of Chinese behavior in crises and Thomas Culora the possible role of nuclear weapons. Tanisha Fazal Air Warfare Center and Nellis Air Arman Grigorian Force Base Excursion Mark Haas April 24–27 Christopher Hamner Organizer: Michael I. Trapp, lieutenant Jacques Hymans colonel, U.S. Air Force Kevin Narizny The excursion to the Air Warfare Center introduced the fellows to military service Benjamin Runkle issues, combat capabilities, current issues and Michael Trapp future capabilities. The trip began with a flight Olin Institute Faculty Affiliates on a C-130 Hercules tactical transport aircraft Lars-Erik Cederman to Andrews Air Force Base in Washington, DC, Samuel Huntington

ANNUAL REPORT 2001/2002 49 Iain Johnston political economy of Islamic Finance in the Andrew Kydd Arab Gulf; ethnic identity in postsocialist Macedonia; Cold War international history; Monica Duffy Toft relationships between child health and Stephen Peter Rosen subsequent morbidity and mortality in the Stephen Walt West Africa Sahel region; China’s one-child Olin Institute Associates policy as a modernization strategy and its effects on society and individuals; the Middle Robert Art East peace process; the role of law in economic Thomas Christensen development; and post-civil war cultures and Charles Cogan societies in transition. GSAs met Eliot Cohen approximately bimonthly, over lunch or breakfast, to present and discuss their Michael Desch dissertation research. Shinju Fujihira In addition, professionalization talks by Joseph Joffe Harvard faculty and staff were arranged Jonathan Kirshner specifically for Graduate Student Associates. In late November Professor Elizabeth Perry talked Rose McDermott to Graduate Student Associates about job Daryl Press interviewing and placement. Funds were made Allan Stam available by the Weatherhead Center to Ward Thomas Graduate Student Associates on a competitive basis for short-term travel for dissertation Future Of War Seminar research and for participation in conferences. In The Olin Institute, the Belfer Center for 2001–02 graduate student associates were Science and International Affairs at the supported by Weatherhead Center funds to Kennedy School, and the MIT Security Studies present papers at the annual meetings of the Program will continue to co-sponsor the American Political Science Association, the Future of War Seminar Series. This seminar, Middle East Studies Association, and the Asian attended by faculty members, senior graduate Studies Association. Graduate Student students, and senior staff members from both Associates supported the Center’s MIT and Harvard, explores the ways in which Undergraduate Associates by serving as mentors preparation for war, as well as the causes and to thesis writing seniors and by attending senior conduct of warfare, will change in the post– thesis presentations in the spring. cold war era. Devesh Kapur, associate professor of government, directs the Graduate Student November 5 Associate Program. Staff assistant, Clare “Faces of Terrorism,” Jessica Stern, faculty Putnam, serves as coordinator of the program. affiliate of the Belfer Center for Science Cemil Aydin served as the GSA representative and International Affairs and a lecturer in on the Center’s Executive Committee. Public Policy at the KSG. GSA SEMINAR SERIES April 9 “The ‘CNN’ Effect,” Rick Kaplan,former Chairs: Gabriel Aguilera and Alexis Albion president of CNN. September 21 “Chinese policies towards Japan prior to STUDENT PROGRAMS the outbreak of the Sino–Japanese War (1937–45),” Jinbao Qian, History and East Graduate Student Associates Asian Languages. In 2001–02, the Center selected twenty October 5 graduate students from the Departments of Anthropology, Economics, Government, “Asylum in Transition: Refugee Protection Harvard Law School’s S.J.D. program, History, in Postcommunist Europe,” Oxana Shevel, History and East Asian Languages, Inner Asian Department of Government. and Altaic Studies, Middle Eastern Studies, and October 12 Population and International Health to be “Citizens and the State: Residents’ graduate student associates (GSAs). Their Committees in Urban China,” Ben Read, dissertation topics included, among others, the Department of Government. October 26 April 12 “Only Hope: Coming of Age Under “On Constructing the Body, on China’s One-Child Policy,” Vanessa Fong, Constructing the State: Between Tradition Department of Anthropology. and Modernity in the Republic of November 9 Macedonia,” Vasiliki Neofotistos, Department of Anthropology. “Shrapnel, Shock Waves, and the Jungle of Laughter: The Psychiatric Construction of April 19 War ‘Trauma’ in Northern Vietnam,” “Global Markets, Global Rules: The Narquis Barak, Department of Politics of International Regulatory Anthropology. Harmonization,” David Singer, November 16 Department of Government. “Cultural Autonomy in Family Law: May 3 between Cultural Survival and Individual “Crises and Reforms: How Politics Shaped Rights,” Durgham Mara’ee,Harvard Banking Regulatory Policies in Mexico University Law School. and Venezuela During the 1990s,” Gabriel December 7 Aguilera, Department of Government. “The Costs and Benefits of Joining a GRADUATE STUDENT ASSOCIATES Currency Union,” Doireann Fitzgerald, Gabriel Aguilera Department of Economics. Alexis Albion December 14 Cemil Aydin “The Role of Religion in the Formation of the Modern Chinese Nation-state: Tibetan Mary Bachman Buddhism in Republican China,” Gray Narquis Barak Tuttle, Inner Asian and Altaic Studies. Doireann Fitzgerald January 14 Vanessa Fong “Multilingual States and Movements: A Bret Gustafson View from Guarani Country, Bolivia,” Durgham Mara’ee Bret Gustafson, Department of Anthropology. Vasiliki Neofotistos February 22 Joel Ngugi “Situating Micro-Level Research in the Tianshu Pan Context of Childhood Illness, Ben Penglase Malnutrition and Mortality: Toward Jinbao Qian Improved Identification of Children at Benjamin Read Risk,” Mary Bachman, Population and International Health. Oxana Shevel March 8 David Singer “Economic Integration and Cultural Naunihal Singh Resistance: Islamic Finance in the Arab Kristin Smith Gulf,” Kristin Smith, Department of Gray Tuttle Government. SIDNEY R. KNAFEL DISSERTATION March 15 COMPLETION FELLOW “War in the Hills: Favelas and the Political This grant is named for Sidney R. Knafel, the Imaginary in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil,” Ben chairman of the Center’s Visiting Committee Penglase, Department of Anthropology. in 1991–00. Gray Tuttle, a Ph.D. candidate in April 5 the Committee on Inner Asian and Altaic “The Dynamics and Outcomes of Military Studies, was the Center’s 2001–02 Knafel Coups D’État: Why is it that Some Coup Fellow. His project is entitled “Culture in the Attempts Fail While Others Succeed ?” Politics of Modern China: Chinese and Tibetan Naunihal Singh, Department of Buddhist participation in 20th century nation- Government. building in Asia.”

ANNUAL REPORT 2001/2002 51 PREDISSERTATION GRANT RECIPIENTS Undergraduate Student Programs

The Center awarded eleven grants to Harvard SUMMER TRAVEL GRANTS doctoral degree candidates who were in the early stages of dissertation research projects Weatherhead Center Summer Travel Grants were related to international affairs. Funding for the awarded to Harvard undergraduates to support grants came from the Weatherhead Center and senior thesis research in international affairs. the MacArthur Foundation. In most cases, the Thirteen students, representing the grants will be used during the summer for departments of East Asian Studies, English and travel and other research related expenses. American Language and Literature, Environmental Science and Public Policy, Alexis Albion Government, History, Social Studies, and Sociology, received travel grants and were Daniel Gingerich named Undergraduate Associates of the Clara Han Center. Their research topics included such Kosuke Imai questions as how political actors in two Indian Jonathan Laurence states manage diverse constituencies via their development strategies; the Delmas Treason Maria Martiniello Trial in South Africa through access of trial Benjamin Olken documents and conducting interviews of Tashi Rabgey participants of the trial; research in London on Maple Razsa three small British colonies (Aden, Cyprus, and Zanzibar) to test current theories as to the Wendy Roth cause and culture of imperialism; an Jun Uchida exploration of the causes of supremacy of civic over ethnic nationalism in the political FUNDING FOR GRADUATE STUDENT CONFERENCES discourse of Vojvodina, the northern province of the Republic of Serbia; a study of the social Because of an increased number of requests and political basis of successful stabilization for funding, the Weatherhead Center created and adjustment in Mauritius; and an unprecedented official category of grants Americanization and its effect on social protest for graduate student conferences and in Colombia and Panama, 1945–64. workshops. Harvard graduate students In the spring, students presented their enrolled in a doctoral program in the Graduate findings at a Weatherhead Center-sponsored School of Arts and Sciences or one of the public seminar series. Graduate Student professional schools are eligible to apply, on a Associates of the Center who served as competitive basis, for financial resources for mentors to the undergraduates throughout the student conferences and workshops that academic year chaired these seminars. address their interests in international affairs. Undergraduate Student Programs are directed by Wendy E.F. Torrance, assistant The following five groups received funding for dean of freshmen at Harvard. Clare Putnam workshops and conferences: serves as coordinator of the program. Graduate Student Workshop — Organized by graduate students from the SUMMER TRAVEL GRANT THESIS PRESENTATIONS Department of Government. Political Parties and Democratic Governance February 11 in Mexico “Ethnic Tolerance in the Balkans: The — Harvard University Mexican Association Origins and Effects of Civic Nationalism in Vojvodina, Yugoslavia,” Jovana Vujovic, Graduate Student International History Government Department. Conference “Extrajudicial Civil Dispute Mediation in — Organized by graduate students from the China Decline and Institutional Reform,” Department of History. Ting Wang, Government Department. Islam in America 2002 “German Colonialism in China, focusing — The Harvard East Asia Society on the German colonial imagination and orientalism as it applied to the leasehold in Qingdao,” Xiao Wu, East Asian Studies. Chair: Ben Read, Ph.D. candidate, Government February 13 the University financial resources to organize “The Delmas Treason Trial: Treason Law projects on their own that address their and Legal Rhetoric in Apartheid South interests relating to international affairs. Africa,” Jean Han, Department of English Grants of up to $1,000 were awarded to and American Literature and Language. Harvard student groups on a competitive basis. Awards could be used to support speaker Chair: Joel Ngugi, S.J.D. candidate, Harvard series; study groups; special seminars with Law School faculty, fellows, or visiting scholars; February 19 conferences with an explicit undergraduate “The Crucible of Free Trade: Popular focus; event related publications or supplies; or Reactions to the 1860 Cobden-Chevalier any number of ideas that students propose to Treaty and the development of economic benefit the Harvard undergraduate consciousness,” Alex Athanassiou, History community. Department. During the 2000 fall semester, the Center “The Irresistible Call of the Nile: Liberal gave a grant to the Woodbridge Speaker Imperialism and British Expansion in East Series for their annual lecture. The Harvard Africa, 1878–1896,” Matthew Milikowsky, Society of Arab Students received a grant to History Department. fund a variety of projects that sought to educate Harvard students about Arab peoples “Whose Lens of Focus: Health Care Policy and issues including speakers, panels, and and the Approach to Breast Cancer in the films. The Center gave a grant to the Project U.S. and Britain,” Bianca Gwinn, for Asian and International Relations for a Sociology Department. speaker panel. The Harvard International Chair: Alexis Albion, Ph.D. candidate, History Monitoring and Action Group received a Department grant to fund their Profiles and Web-based February 20 Viewslinks that aim to inform the Harvard “The Role of Anti-U.S. Campaigns in the student community about international issues Student Movements of Panama and and the people behind them. The Colombia, 1958–1971,” Robinson Intercollegiate Taiwanese American Students Ramirez, History Department. Association received a grant toward their annual undergraduate conference. The Center “Politics or Athletes? South Africa’s gave a grant to the Freshman Seminar on the Struggle for Olympic Legitimacy from Latin American Political and Economic 1962 to 1970,” Sarah Stapleton, History Landscape for their class trip to Nicaragua to Department. study the political situation after the elections. Chair: Cemil Aydin, Ph.D. candidate, History The Harvard Rwanda Project received a grant and Middle Eastern Studies to support a research trip for six undergrad- February 21 uates to study Rwanda’s transitional justice “Study of the Social and Political Basis of system. Successful Stabilization and Adjustment in UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCH WORKSHOPS Mauritius,” Albert Cho, Social Studies The Weatherhead Center offered a series of Department. workshops to undergraduates all focusing on “Technological Developments: The various aspects of completing a thesis, Computerization of Subregistrar Offices including thesis topic exploration, proposal in Hyderabad, India,” Paven Malhotra, and grant writing, field research, and Social Studies Department. international travel. “Institutional Patterns of Conflict in In October, Donald Halstead, writing Global Whaling Regulation,” Sameer facilitator, Weatherhead Center Fellows Doshi, Department of Environmental Program and Writing Instructor, Harvard Science and Public Policy. School of Public Health, presented Chair: Naunihal Singh, Ph.D. candidate, undergraduates with an overview of the Government Department writing process. In late November, Jorge I. Domínguez, professor of government and UNDERGRADUATE INITIATIVE GRANTS TO director of the Weatherhead Center, spoke to STUDENT GROUPS undergraduates on selecting a thesis topic, During the 2001–02 academic year, the writing a prospectus, and choosing an advisor. Weatherhead Center offered undergraduates at In February, Jim Cooney, the Center’s

ANNUAL REPORT 2001/2002 53 executive director, talked to undergraduates the University to join the Fellows in discussing about writing the grant proposal. In addition careers in international affairs. to giving tips on writing a successful grant DINNER DISCUSSIONS proposal, Dr. Cooney also spoke about examples of proposals and topics the Center September 24 seeks to support. In May, a final workshop “The Art of Crisis Mismanagement,” featured a panel of three Center Graduate Mark Dickinson, diplomat, Foreign and Student Associates who spoke to undergrad- Commonwealth Office, British uates about field research techniques. Ambassador to Macedonia, and Naunihal Singh (Government), Bret Weatherhead Center Fellow. Gustafson (Anthropology), and Kristin Smith September 27 (Government), spoke to the undergraduates “The Military After September 11: What Is about interviewing techniques, quantitative The Future Of The U.S. Armed Forces?” research methods, archival research, and Bill Griffin, U.S. Navy Commander, general tips on research in a foreign country. Commanding Officer, and Weatherhead STUDENT COUNCIL Center Fellow. The Weatherhead Center Student Council, an October 9 organization of Harvard undergraduates, “Sino–U.S. Relations: Encounter of Two serves as a liaison between the Weatherhead Empires,” Jacques Pellet, diplomat, Center community and the undergraduate Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Deputy student body. Its goal is to provide a variety of Consul General, Shanghai, and meaningful opportunities for undergraduates Weatherhead Center Fellow. to learn about international affairs by working closely with Center affiliates and international October 30 affairs practitioners. The Student Council, “Instruments of National Power and largely self-governed, is divided into four Interagency,” Greg Kaufmann, U.S. Army committees: Fellows, Regional Studies, Special Colonel, Director, Balkans Task Force, Events, and Speaker Events, all geared to Office of the Secretary of the Defense, and increase student exposure to current topics in Weatherhead Center Fellow. international affairs. December 11 The Fellows Committee worked with the “Tackling Terrorism: The British Weatherhead Center Fellows in sponsoring a Experience and the American Response,” series of dinner talks in the undergraduate Christopher Wright, civil servant, houses. Limited to a small number of students, Ministry of Defense, Command Secretary, the talks drew on the practical experiences of Headquarters, Royal Air Force Strike the Fellows and allowed students to discuss Command, and Weatherhead Center topical issues in international affairs with Fellow. individuals who have a working knowledge of current events. The Regional Studies March 18 Committee organized panels that focused on a “Has the Nation-State Failed?” Glyn particular region of the world and were meant Morgan, professor of government and of for a broad audience. This subcommittee is social studies, and Oliver Hans also the outreach arm of the Student Council Gerstenberg, John F. Kennedy Fellow of for engaging other student groups and which the Center for European Studies. frequently co-sponsors events with other May 1 groups ranging from the Woodbridge Speaker “Venezuela: Coup and Countercoup: Series to the South Asian Association. Current and Future Prospects for Latin The Special Events Committee handled America,” Jorge I. Domínguez, director, large events and organized study groups with Weatherhead Center for International the Weatherhead Center Fellows and other Affairs and Clarence Dillon Professor of international relation experts at Harvard. This International Affairs, and Carlos Blanco, year the committee’s largest event was the Weatherhead Center Fellow and director, International Careers Dinner. This event was a Blanco and Associates Consultores, success for the Student Council and the Center Caracas, Venezuela. with a turnout of over 75 students, Fellows, and invited speakers. The Student Council invited guests from outside as well as within INTERNATIONAL CAREERS WEEK International Careers Dinner November 26–29 Keynote speakers: “Careers In Public Administration and Monteagle Stearns, author, “Talking to International Development and Overview Strangers: Improving American Diplomacy at of the MPA/ID Program at the Kennedy Home and Abroad,” U.S. Ambassador to School,” Dani Rodrik, Rafiq Hariri Greece, 1976–1981, U.S. Ambassador to Ivory Professor of International Political Coast, 1981–1985 Career Diplomat, U.S. Economy and MPA/ID Program Chair; Department of State. David Brown, lecturer in Public Policy, Lucy Reed, partner, Freshfields, Bruckhaus and Kennedy School of Government, director Deringer, co-director, Claims Resolution of International Programs, Hauser Center Tribunal for Dormant Accounts in Switzerland for Nonprofit Organizations, KSG; Aimee (Holocaust Tribunal), lecturer, The Hague Pease Fox, student programs coordinator, Academy of International Law. Center for International Development. PANEL DISCUSSIONS November 26 October 4 Discussion with Master in Public Administration/International “International Terrorism and Islam,” Development (MPA/ID) students about William Graham, Murray A. Albertson careers in public administration and Professor of Middle Eastern Studies, and international development and MPA/ID professor of the history of religion; Sohail program at the Kennedy School of Hashmi, assistant professor of international Government from the leading Kennedy relations, Mount Holyoke College, associate, School professors and students in the Center for Middle Eastern Studies, Harvard program. University; J. Bryan Hehir, chair, executive committee, Harvard Divinity School, “Careers in International Law,” Patricia professor of the practice of religion in Gable, U.S. lawyer, president, Gabel society; and Samuel Huntington, Albert J. International, Montreal, and Weatherhead Weatherhead III University Professor, Center Fellow; Howard Zelbo, partner, chairman, Harvard Academy for Cleary, Gottlieb, Steen, and Hamilton; International and Area Studies. Cristina Posa, associate, Cleary, Gottlieb, Steen, and Hamilton; Peter Rosenblum, October 16 associate director, Harvard Human Rights “Human Rights And Pursuit Of National Program; Michael E. Levine, adjunct Interest: Domestic Pressures and professor of law, Harvard Law School. International Standards,” Anne-Marie (Co-sponsored by the International Law Slaughter, director of graduate and Journal, Harvard Law School.) international legal studies at Harvard Law November 27 School and J. Sinclair Armstrong Professor of International, Foreign and Comparative “Careers in International Business,” Law; Michael Ignatieff, director, Carr discussion with MBA students from Center of Human Rights Policy, professor Harvard Business School who have of the practice of human rights policy; substantial experience working in and J. Bryan Hehir, chair, executive International Finance and Business. committee, Divinity School, Professor of (Sponsored by the Weatherhead Center for the Practice of Religion in Society. International Affairs Student Council Undergraduate House.) November 13 “Careers in the Nongovernmental Sector.” “The Forgotten Impact Of The Anti- (Co-sponsored with BHUMI.) Terrorism Champignon Politics And Regional Security In Central Asia,” Dr. November 28 John Schoeberlein, Director of Forum for “Careers in International Journalism.” Central Asian Studies, Harvard University; (Co-sponsored by the International Dr. Kelly McMann, researcher at the Davis Relations Council.) Center for Russian Studies, Harvard “Careers in Diplomacy.” University; and Dr. Yusup Magdiev, diplomat, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, head U.S. and Canada Division, Tashkent and Weatherhead Center Fellow.

ANNUAL REPORT 2001/2002 55 April 25 Government, former member, Policy “Financing International Development: Planning Council, Department of State; The Monterrey Conference and Beyond,” Greg Kaufmann, U.S. Army colonel, Richard N. Cooper, Maurits C. Boas director, Balkans Task Force, Office of the Professor of International Economics; Secretary of Defense, Washington, DC, Jeffry Frieden, Stanfield Professor of and Weatherhead Center Fellow; and International Peace; and Devesh Kapur, George Haynal, diplomat, Department of associate professor of government. Foreign Affairs and International Trade, assistant deputy minister of the Americas, FACULTY LUNCHES Ottawa, and Weatherhead Center Fellow. October 17 FACULTY DINNERS “A Democratic EU: Reality or Vision?” November 1 Andrew Moravcsik, professor of government and director of the European “Integrating Europe: Challenges of Union Center, Harvard University. (Co- Enlargement and Introduction of the sponsored with the Woodbridge Speaker Euro,” Bernard Snoy, member, Board of Series.) Directors of the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development October 31 (1994–present), executive director of the “Global Culture in the 21st Century: World Bank and Affiliates, for Austria, Reality or Utopia,” Jeffrey Fleishman, Belarus, Belgium, Czech Republic, Fellow, Nieman Foundation Foreign Hungary, Kazakhstan, Luxembourg, Correspondent for The Philadelphia Slovakia, Slovenia, and Turkey (1991–94). Inquirer; Owais Aslam Ali,Fellow, November 13 Nieman Foundation Chairman, Pakistan Press International; Marc Shell, Irving “Old Europe, New Problems: Euro And Babbit Professor of Comparative Enlargement,” Guenter Grosche, secretary, Literature and Professor of English and European Economic and Financial American Literature and Language. (Co- Committee, European Union Executive sponsored with the Woodbridge Speaker Director, IMF (1984–90). Series.) December 12 November 13 “Changing Face of Europe: Institutional “Challenges of European Integration: EU Developments and the Democratic Enlargement and the Euro,” Marion Deficit,” Jerome Vignon, principal adviser Draghi, chairman, Economic and to Romano Prodi, the president of the Financial Committee, European Union European Commission, author, white (2000–01) director general, Italian paper on European Governance, European Treasury (1991–00), executive director, Commission. World Bank and Affiliates (1984–1990); STUDY GROUPS Manfred Scheich, lecturer on European affairs, Diplomatic Academy, Vienna November 5 Austrian Ambassador to the European “Understanding the Middle East: Union (1995–98); Xavier Lewis, France Searching for Answers in the Political and United Kingdom international civil History of the Region,” Jay Harris,Harry servant, Commission of the European Austryn Wolfson Professor of Jewish Union, member of the legal service, Studies. Brussels, and Weatherhead Center Fellow; November 12 and Viktor Mayer-Schoenberger, assistant “Globalization: What Does it Mean, Who professor of public policy, Kennedy School Controls it (If Anyone), and Does it Even of Government. (Co-sponsored with the Exist?” Brian Palmer, lecturer with the Woodbridge Speaker Series.) Center for European Studies. November 19 December 4 “The New World Order: U.S. At the “The Sustainability Of Democracy In Crossroads,” Richard Rosecrance, Latin America: Perspectives of the Past, professor of political science, University of Implications for the Future,” and “The California, at Los Angeles, adjunct Resurgence of Neo-Authoritarian regimes professor, Kennedy School of in Latin America,” Carlos Blanco, Dinner discussion: “Whither Justice? economist and political analyst, director, Human Rights in the Middle East,” Eva Blanco & Asociados Consultores, Caracas, Bellin, associate professor of government; Venezuela, and Fellow, Weatherhead Ahmed El-Gaili, president emeritus, Center for International Affairs. Society of Arab Students; president December 6 emeritus, Justice for Palestine, J.D. Candidate, Harvard Law School. “Impact of U.S. Foreign Policy on Latin America,” Jorge I. Domínguez, director, The 2001–02 Weatherhead Center Student Weatherhead Center for International Council, with over 200 undergraduate Affairs and Clarence Dillon Professor of members, was lead in the fall 2001 semester by International Affairs. board members Matthew Rojansky ‘02 and Leonid Peisakhin ‘03, co-presidents; Lindsay HUMAN RIGHTS WEEK Hyde ‘04, secretary; Trevor Dryer ‘01, April 29 treasurer; Nicolaus Petri ‘02, Fellows Panel discussion: “The Emerging Regime Committee chair; Jennifer Hsiao ‘04 and on Human Rights: Current and Future Agatha Glowacki ‘02, Regional Studies Prospects,” Jacqueline Bhabha,executive Committee co-chairs; Erica Westenberg ‘02, director, University Committee on Human Ashwini Vasantakumar ‘04, and Alex Rights Studies; former human rights Berenberg, Special Events Committee co- lawyer, the European Court of Human chairs; and Bernd Beber ‘04, Speaker Events Rights; David Little, T.J. Dermot Dunphy Chair. In the spring 2002 semester, the Council Professor of the Practice in Religion, was lead by Anthony Arnold ‘04 and Ashwini Ethnicity, and International Conflict; Vasanthakumar ‘04, co-presidents; Anna Joo director, Center for the Study of Values in ‘04 and Todd Schulte ‘04, special events chairs; Public Life; Sarah Sewall,program David Kessler ’04 and Nathaniel Berner ‘03, director, Carr Center for Human Rights regional studies chairs; and Jackie Shull ’04, Policy; and deputy assistant secretary of Fellows chair. defense for Peacekeeping and UNDERGRADUATE ASSOCIATES Humanitarian Assistance (1993–96). Alex Athanassiou April 30 Albert Cho Panel discussion: “Restoring Decency: Sameer Doshi Human Rights in South Asia,” K. Rohit Goel Sritharan, fellow, Human Rights Program, Harvard Law School; founder, Bianca Gwinn Jaffna University Teachers for Human Jean Han Rights, Sri Lanka; G. Balachandiran, John Paven Malhotra F. Kennedy School of Government; J. Matthew Milikowsky Mathew, organismic and evolutionary biology. (Co-sponsored with the South Robinson Ramirez Asian Association.) Sarah Stapleton May 1 Jovana Vujovic Panel discussion: “Organizing against Ting Wang Oppression: Human Rights in Africa,” L. Xiao Wu Mushayakarara, executive chair, Institute for the Advancement of Freedom, TRANSNATIONAL SECURITY Zimbabwe; E.K. Quashigah,fellow, Human Rights Program, Harvard Law MacArthur Transnational School; faculty of law, University of Security Program Ghana; Peter Rosenblum,lecturer, From 1995 through 2001, the MacArthur Harvard Law School. (Co-sponsored with Program was conducted jointly between the the Harvard African Students Association.) Weatherhead Center and MIT’s Center for May 2 International Studies. The program was Dinner discussion: “Asian Values? Human funded by a generous grant from the Rights in East Asia,” Lobsang Sangay, MacArthur Foundation, and the funds were Tibetan activist and S.J.D. candidate, used to support seminars, student and faculty Harvard Law School. grants, and mentorships. The two working

ANNUAL REPORT 2001/2002 57 groups of the program focused on different October 2 aspects of transnational security: one on “Why is U.S. Foreign Policy so economic security issues and the other on Unilateralist? The Case of Human religious conflict, ethnic conflict, and Rights,” Andrew Moravcsik, professor of migration and refugee issues. Faculty chairs government, Harvard University. were J. Bryan Hehir, William Keller (MIT), October 23 Kenneth Oye (MIT), Dani Rodrik, and Stephen van Evera. Since 2000–01 was the last “Climate Change Policy and the Bush full year of funding for the MacArthur Administration: America and the Global Program, the seminars did not continue Interest,” William Moomaw, professor of beyond that academic year. The remaining international environmental policy, funds for the grant were used in 2001–02 to Fletcher School. support five pre-dissertation grants and one November 7 dissertation grant. “U.S. Foreign Policy: The Enduring MACARTHUR TRANSNATIONAL Pursuit of Openness,” Andrew Bacevich, SECURITY PROGRAM SCHOLAR professor of international relations, Doireann Fitzgerald, Department of Boston University. Economics. December 5 PREDISSERTATION GRANTS “The September 11 Attacks: Assessing the U.S. Response,” Gideon Rose, managing Daniel Gingerich editor, Foreign Affairs. Kosuke Imai February 27 Jonathan Laurence “The Paradox of American Power: Why Benjamin Olken the World’s Only Superpower Can’t Go It Wendy Roth Alone,” Joseph S. Nye, dean, Kennedy School of Government. U.S. FOREIGN POLICY SEMINAR March 19 In 2001–02 Weatherhead Center Associate Rob “Assessing U.S. Policies in Afghanistan, Paarlberg again chaired the U.S. Foreign Policy Southwest Asia, and the Gulf,” Charles Seminar, which has been meeting continuously Dunbar, former U.S. Ambassador to since 1974. The substantive focus of U.S. Yemen and Qatar and Warburg Professor, foreign policy was altered sharply this past year Simmons College. by the September 11 al Qaeda attacks on New April 2 York and Washington, DC. The attacks did little, however, to change the central thematic “Terrorism as Globalized Civil War,” debate surrounding U.S. policy, which Martha Crenshaw, professor of remained focused on U.S. exceptionalism, and government, Wesleyan University. unilateralism. The U.S. foreign policy seminar April 16 in featured opening sessions on U.S. “A New Approach to Israeli–Palestinian unilateralism in human rights and climate Peace: Externally Directed Separation,” change policies. Sessions then followed on the Jerome Segal, senior research scholar, U.S. response to international terrorism in the Center for International and Security context of larger issues of U.S. global Studies, University of Maryland. leadership, politics in Afghanistan, and the May 7 nature of the terrorist threat. Sessions were also held on new U.S. policy options regarding “Reconsidering LBJ as a Foreign Policy the Israeli–Palestinian dispute, and on the Manager: Europe, Vietnam, and the enduring issue of differing presidential policy Domestic Connection,” Francis Bator, leadership styles. Two important new books on Kennedy School of Government. U.S. foreign policy also were previewed by the authors, Andrew Bacevich and Joseph S. Nye, in separate seminar sessions this year. CALENDAR OF EVENTS

THE WEATHERHEAD CENTER SPONSORS AND CO-SPONSORS conferences, workshops, and seminars, ranging from narrowly focused academic meetings designed for specialists, to broad, open discussions of contemporary issues for government officials, representatives of the private sector, and other practitioners. In each case, these events are designed to disseminate information and ideas and to stimulate informed discussions. Events were hosted at Harvard University, unless otherwise noted. 2001 September 25 September 4-5 U.S.-Japan Seminar Series, Henry Laurence, Orientation for the Weatherhead Center for assistant professor of government and Asian International Affairs studies, Bowdoin College, “Television in the September 12 Age of the Internet: NHK and the BBC in Comparative Perspective.” International Economics Seminar, Fabio Ghironi, Boston College, “Net Foreign Assets September 26 and the Exchange Rate: Redux Revived.” Joint Development and International September 18 Workshops, Professor Wolfgang Keller, University of Texas at Austin, “Knowledge U.S.-Japan Seminar Series, Thomas Foley, Spillovers at the World’s Technology Frontier.” former U.S. Ambassador to Japan and Speaker of the House of Representatives; “Japan and 26: Workshop in Comparative Politics,Jorge Koizumi Era.” I. Domínguez, “Mexican Elections Campaign.” September 19 September 28 Benjamin Brown Memorial Service & Fellows South Asia Seminar, Professor Sugata Bose, Conference Department of History, Harvard University, 19: Workshop in Comparative Politics, “Crucible of Conflict, Cradle of Peace: Kashmir Samuel Huntington, “The State and National in Historical Perspective.” (Co-sponsored with Identity.” the Modern Asia Series, Asia Center.) September 20 October 1 Benjamin Brown Memorial Service & Fellows Director’s Seminar, Xavier Lewis, Yusup Conference Magdiev, and Hany Salah Mostafa, 20: The International Relations of the United Weatherhead Center Fellows, Moderator: States and the Bush Administration: The Jorge Domínguez, Weatherhead Center Challenges of this New Era, Professors Jorge Director, “The Terrorist Attack on the United Dominguez, Stanley Hoffmann, Joseph Nye, and States: Reactions from Abroad.” others. This seminar has been planned to honor 1: Reflections on the Long Term Effects of the the memory of Benjamin Brown, director of the September 11 Attacks, Panel Discussion with Fellows Program of the CFIA from 1960 to Weatherhead Center Faculty, Chair: Prof. Jorge 1983, who passed away in June 2001. I. Domínguez. 20: Harvard Africa Seminar, Samantha Power October 2 executive director, Carr Center for Human U.S.-Japan Seminar Series: Tetsuya Kataoka, Rights, Kennedy School of Government; research fellow, Hoover Institution on War, “Genocide in Rwanda: Why was the U.S. a Revolution, and Peace, “Death by Constitution: Bystander?” How Japan Self-Destructed by Means of 20: WCFIA/CMES Middle East Seminar, Pacifism.” Graham Fuller, Former Vice-Chairman of the 2: Comparative Politics Seminar,Steve National Intelligence Council, long-range Levitsky, Assistant Professor of Government, forecasting; Resident Senior Consultant at Harvard University; Lucan A. Way, WCFIA RAND Corporation, “The Future of Political Academy Scholar, Competitive Islam.” Authoritarianism: Hybrid Regime Change in September 21 Peru and Ukraine in Comparative Perspective.” Joint International and History Workshops, 2: U.S. Foreign Policy Seminar, Andrew Jeffrey Williamson, Professor of Economics, Moravcsik, Professor of Government, Harvard Harvard, “After Columbus: Explaining the University, “Why is U.S. Foreign Policy So Global Trade Boom 1500-1800.” Unilateralist? The Case of Human Rights.”

ANNUAL REPORT 2001/2002 59 October 3 Government, Harvard University, “Marriage Global Communications and International and the Family in the People’s Republic of Relations Seminar: “Business and China and Cuba.” International Security,” Craig Mundie, Senior 9: Globalization and Culture Seminars, Vice President, Advanced Strategy, Microsoft William Graham and Roy Mottahedeh, Corporation, “Business and International “September 11th and the Question of Islam.” Security.” Cosponsored by the Weatherhead October 10 Center for International Affairs and the Round Table on “Terror and Its Aftermath: Program on Information Resources Policy. Japan’s Response.” Moderator: Susan Pharr, 3: Religion, Political Economy, and Society Professor of Government, and Director, Seminar; Robert Putnam, The Peter and Isabel Program on U.S.-Japan Relations; Ezra Vogel, Malkin Professor of Public Policy, “Is Religion Henry Ford II Research Professor of Social a Civic Resource?” Science, and former Director, Asia Center; 3: International Economics Workshop,Diego Tadamichi Yamamoto, Consul General of Puga, assistant professor, University of Japan, Boston; David Leheny, Professor of Toronto, “From Sectoral to Functional Urban Political Science, University of Wisconsin at Specialisation.” Madison, and former Regional Affairs Officer, 3: Workshop in Comparative Politics, Office of the Coordinator for Counterterrorism, Discussion of fieldwork techniques. U.S. Department of State; Andrew Gordon, Professor of History, and Director, Reischauer 3: Political Development, Professor Samuel Institute of Japanese Studies. Huntington, Harvard University, Government Department, Albert J. Weatherhead III 10: Interdisciplinary Faculty Seminar on University Professor, “The State and National European Integration, Jonathan Rodden, MIT, Identity” “Federalism and Fiscal Performance: Germany in Comparative Perspective.” October 4 10: Ethics and International Affairs Seminar: WCFIA/CMES Middle East Seminar, Rami Michael Ignatieff, director, Carr Center for Khouri, Nieman Fellow 2001-2002; Former Human Rights at the Kennedy School, “Terror Editor, The Jordan Times, “The Attack Against and Human Rights.” America: An Arab View.” 10: International Economics Workshop, 4: WCFIA Open House for Undergraduates Professor Roberto Rigobon, MIT, “Measuring and All Center Affiliates the Reaction of Monetary Policy to the Stock October 5 Market.” GSA Lunch Seminar 10: Workshop in Comparative Politics, 5: Professor Harry Gelber speaks about his Stephen Hanson, “Time, Space, and new book, “Nations Out of Empires: European Institutional Change in Eastern Europe.” Nationalism and the Transformation of Asia.” October 12 Professor Harry Gelber speaks about his new GSA Lunch Seminar book, “Nations Out of Empires: European Nationalism and the Transformation of Asia” October 15 at the Harvard Book Store’s Friday Forum. South Asia Seminar, Mr. Yogendra Yadav, October 8 Director, Institute for Comparative Democracy, Centre for the Study of Ethics and International Affairs Seminar: Developing Societies, New Delhi, India, Understanding September 11, Herbert Kelman “Electoral Politics and Party System in and Roger Owen, “The Role of the Middle East Contemporary India.” Conflict.” 15: PICAR Seminar, Samantha Power, October 9 Executive Director, Carr Center for Human U.S.-Japan Seminar Series,Robert Fallon, Rights Policy, Kennedy School of Government, former head, Asia-Pacific Division, J.P. Morgan Harvard University, “A Problem from Hell: Chase Bank, “The Financial Big Bang in Japan: America and the Age of Genocide.” Implications for Japan’s Political Economy.” 15: Canada Seminar, John McCallum, MP, 9: Communist and Postcommunist Countries Markham; former chief economist of the Royal Seminar, Professor Martin Whyte, Department Bank, “Canada in North America: A Reluctant of Sociology, Harvard University; Professor Bride.” Jorge I. Domínguez, Department of October 16 October 23 U.S.-Japan Seminar Series, William Kelly, U.S. Foreign Policy Seminar, Professor professor of anthropology and Sumitomo William Moomaw, Fletcher School; Discussant: Professor of Japanese Studies, Yale University, Professor Beth DeSombre, Wellesley College. “Ichiro Fever: Baseball and U.S.-Japan Relations.” “Climate Change Policy and the Bush 16: Weatherhead Center Seminar on Ethics Administration: America and the Global and International Affairs: Bryan Hehir, Interest.” Professor of the Practice of Religion in Society, 23: U.S.-Japan Relations Program “Politics, Strategy, and Ethics: Shaping the Distinguished Visitor Lecture, Sadako Ogata, Equation.” former UN High Commissioner for Refugees, October 17 now Scholar in Residence, Ford Foundation, “Global Humanitarian Crises and Japan.” Religion, Political Economy and Society Seminar, Reginald Bibby, “Restless Gods: The 23: Harvard Academy Dinner Renaissance of Religion in Canada.” 23: U.S.-Japan Relations Distinguished 17: International Economics Workshop, Visitor Dinner Doreanne Fitzgerald, Harvard University, October 24 “Optimal Monetary Policy in an Open Undergraduate Research Workshop-thesis Economy.” writing process, Donald Halstead, writing 17: Workshop in Comparative Politics, facilitator, WCFIA Fellows Program, and Masaru Miyano, “Generation and Electoral instructor, Harvard School of Public Health. Change in Japan.” 24: Seminar on Ethics and International October 18 Affairs, J. Brian Atwood is president of Middle East Seminar, Constance Mayer, Citizens International, and former Senior Middle East analyst, Bureau of administrator of the United States Agency for Intelligence and Research, Near East/South International Development (USAID). Asia Division, U.S. Department of State, “U.S. 24: International Economics Workshop, Juan Policy and the Israeli-Palestinian Crisis.” Carlos Hallak, Harvard University, “The Effects 18: Interdisciplinary Faculty Seminar on of Cross-country Differences in Product European Integration, Kalypso Nicolaidis, Quality on International Trade Flows.” associate professor of public policy, KSG, “The 24: Workshop in Comparative Politics, Future of European Debate: Thinking Outside Elizabeth Perry, “Tactical use of Emotions the Box.” during the Chinese Revolution”; Jens Rydgren, October 19 “Radical Right Populism in the EU.” Economics and National Security Seminar, October 25 Andrew Kuchins, director of the Russian and Harvard Africa Seminar, Jeffrey Herbst, Eurasian Program at the Carnegie Endowment professor of politics and international affairs, for International Peace, “Russia and Asia: Princeton University, “Why and How Rebels Dilemmas of Power, Geography, Demography, and Solders Fight in Africa.” and Identity.” 25: WCFIA Sherry Hour October 22 October 26 Interdisciplinary Faculty Seminar on South Asia Seminar, Devesh Kapur, European Integration, Heinz Gaertner, Department of Government, Harvard University of Vienna and Stanford University, University; Adil Najam, Department of “European Security Integration, NATO and the International Relations, Boston University; Transatlantic Link.” Robert Travers, Department of History, 22: PICAR Seminar, Eileen Babbitt, The Harvard University; Moderator: Sugata Bose, Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, Tufts Department of History, Harvard University, University; David Fairman, Consensus “The Aftermath of September 11: Implications Building Institute; Herbert Kelman, Director, for South Asia.” PICAR; Adil Najam, Boston University; Hugh 26: Transition and Truth in Chile, José O’Doherty, Center for Public Leadership, Zalaque, professor of human rights at the Law Kennedy School; Pamela Steiner, PICAR; School of the University of Chile, Santiago, Moderator: Donna Hicks, Deputy Director, “Transition and Truth in Chile.” PICAR, “After the Attacks, Then What?”

ANNUAL REPORT 2001/2002 61 October 30 1: Comparative Politics Seminar, Co-chaired Steering Committee Meeting, Weatherhead by Professors Jorge Domínguez and Devesh Center for International Affairs Kapur, “India’s Institutions and Economic Performace.” 30: U.S.-Japan Seminar Series, James Auer, director, Center for U.S.-Japan Studies and 1: Middle East Seminar, Carne Ross, Head of Cooperation, Vanderbilt Institute for Public the Middle East Section, United Kingdom Policy Studies, “Are the Bases Loaded? The Mission to the United Nations, “An Inside Future of U.S.-Japan Security Relations.” View of the UN and Iraq.” 30: Seminar on Ethnicity, Culture, and 1: Visions of European Governance Lecture, Change, Thomas Barfield, professor and Alex Reyn, Ambassador of Belgium to the chairman of the Department of Anthropology United States, and Jean De Ruyt, Ambassador, at Boston University; author of The Central Permanent Representative of Belgium to the Asian Arabs of Afghanistan and co-author of United Nations, and Bernard Snoy, Member of Afghanistan: An Atlas of Indigenous Domestic the Board of Directors of the European Bank Architecture, for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD), “Afghanistan: Concluding a War that Wins a London, representing Belgium, Luxembourg Broader Peace in Central Asia.” and Slovenia, “Key Belgian Perspectives on the Belgian EU Presidency.” October 31 November 2 Global Communications and International Relations Seminar, Dianne Northfield, senior Economics and National Security Seminar, analyst, Global Regulatory Strategies, The David L. Asher, Senior Advisor for East Asian Yankee Group, “Key Regulatory Issues in the and Pacific Affairs at the Department of State, Communications Sector - Global and Regional “Economics and Security in US-Japan Overview.” Strategy: Past, Present, and Future.” 31: Religion, Political Economy and Society November 5 Seminar, Martin Marty, Fairfax M. Cone Director’s Seminar, WCFIA Fellows, Rolf Distinguished Service Professor Emeritus of Nikel (Germany), Takaaki Kojima (Japan), and the History of Modern Chrisianity, The Carlos Blanco (Venezuela). Moderator: Jorge I. University of Chicago, “The Future of World Dominguez, Clarence Dillon Professor of Fundamentalism.” International Affairs and Director, 31: Seminar on Ethnicity, Culture and Weatherhead Center, “The Challenge for World Change, Karen Beckwith, visiting scholar at Leaders: Governing after September 11.” PONSACS/WCFIA and professor of political 5: U.S.-Japan Seminar Series, Hisashi Owada, science at the College of Wooster, “Women, director, Japan Institute of International Gender, and Nonviolence in Collective Action.” Affairs, and former Permanent Representative 31: International Economics Workshop, of Japan to the United Nations, “Japan and Professor John McLaren, University of East Asia on the Threshold of the 21st Virginia, “Globalization and Insecurity.” Century.” 31: Workshop in Comparative Politics,Maria 5: Future of War Seminar, Jessica Stern, Dimitrova Popova, “Judicial Behavior and Rule lecturer in public policy, Kennedy School of of Law in Russia.” Government, “Faces of Terrorism.” 31: Political Development, Michael Herzfeld, November 6 Department of Anthropology, Harvard U.S.-Japan Seminar Series, Kazuo Nukazawa, University, “What the State Does Not See and Former Japanese Ambassador to Hungary and Would Really Rather Not Know.” Senior Managing Director, Keidanren, now Professor, Josai International University, “Post- November 1 Socialist Transitions in Eastern Europe: The Seminar on Ethics and International Affairs, View from Tokyo.” Amir Attaran, adjunct lecturer in public policy, Co-sponsored by the Fellows Program Center for International Development, John F. November 7 Kennedy School of Government, “Treating AIDS in Poor Countries: What are the Global Communications and International Barriers?” Relations Seminar, Philip Evans, Senior Vice President, The Boston Consulting Group, “The Next Five Years: Some Emerging Principles of Business Strategy.” Cosponsored by the Weatherhead Center for International Affairs 15: Middle East Seminar, Helga Baumgarten, and the Program on Information Policy associate professor of political science, Bir Zeit Research. University, “Transformations in the Arab 7: Workshop in Comparative Politics,Hillel World: Empirical Studies, Theoretical Soifer, “State building, History and Rural Deliberations.” Politics in Peru”; William Phelan, “Domestic 15: Interdisciplinary Faculty Seminar on Politics and International Competition.” European Integration, Ambassador Manfred 7: “New Approaches to Managing Environmental Scheich, Former Austrian Permanent and Natural Resource Conflicts in Latin Representative to the European Union, “The America,” Yolanda Kakabadse, Graduate Functioning of the Enlarged European Union: School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Reforming Institutions and Operating Yale University; founder and president, Procedures.” Fundación Futuro Latinoamericano; President, November 16 World Conservation Union (IUCN); president, Joint International and History Workshop, Geneva International. Ronald Findlay, professor of economics, November 13 Columbia University, “Population and Prices Harvard Africa Seminar,Bill Berkeley, from Black Death to the Price Revolution.” editorialist, New York Times; adjunct professor November 17 of international and public affairs, Columbia Research Group on Political Institutions and University; senior fellow, World Policy Economic Policy (PIEP), Organizers: Jeffry Institute, New School for Social Research, “The Frieden, professor of government, Harvard Graves Are Not Yet Full: Race, Tribe, and University and Kenneth Shepsle,George D. Power in the Heart of Africa.” Markham Professor of Government, Harvard 13: U.S.-Japan Seminar Series, Ming Wan, University. associate professor, Department of Public and Session I: “Majoritarian Electoral Systems and International Affairs, George Mason Consumer Power: Price-Level Evidence from University, “The U.S.-Japan-China Triangle: the OECD Countries,” Ronald Rogowski and The Issue of Human Rights.” Mark Kayser, political science, University of November 14 California at Los Angeles. Religion, Political Economy, and Society Discussant: Daniel Diermeier, Kellogg School Seminar, Mark Chaves, Professor of Sociology, of Management, Northwestern University. University of Arizona, “Congregations and Session II: “Federalism and Democracy: Self- Social Services: Holistic Approaches, Prophetic Enforcing Equilibria,” Barry Weingast, Voices, and Other Myths.” political science, Stanford University. 14: Visions of European Governance Discussant: David Austen-Smith, political Seminar, Gunter Grosche, Secretary of the science, economics, and management and European Economic and Financial Committee, strategy, Northwestern University. European Commission, “Can the Euro and Session III: “Does Democracy Engender European Integration still Succeed?” Equality?” John Roemer, political science, Yale 14: International Economics Workshop, Dalia University. Marin, Ludwig-Maximilian-Universitat Discussant: James Robinson, political science, Munchen, “Power Inside the Firm and the University of California at Berkeley. Market: A General Equilibrium Approach.” Session IV: “The Welfare State in the United 14: Workshop in Comparative Politics, States and Europe: Why So Different?” Alberto Naunihal Singh, “Ghanaian Coup Dynamics”; Alesina and Edward Glaeser, economics, Pauline Jones-Luong, “Energy, Wealth, and Harvard University, and Bruce Sacerdote, Institution Building.” economics, Dartmouth. November 15 Discussant: Dani Rodrik, Kennedy School of Harvard Africa Seminar, A. Babatunde Government, Harvard University. Thomas, Nigerian Presidential Adviser on November 19 Human Resources, Science and Technology; Canada Seminar, Jack M. Mintz, president and visiting scholar, Harvard Center for CEO of C. D. Howe Institute, “Building a International Development, “The Mobilization Framework for Smart Economic Policy.” of Nigeria’s Human Resources.”

ANNUAL REPORT 2001/2002 63 19: Seminar on International Conflict 28: Political Development, Theda Skocpol, Analysis and Resolution, Nava Sonnenschein, Victor S. Thomas Professor of Government Founder and former director of the School for and Sociology, Harvard University, “Patriotic Peace, Neve Shalom, Wahat al Salam, Israel, Partnerships: Why Great Wars Nourished “Power Relations and Identity Construction in American Civic Voluntarism.” Jewish-Palestinian Dialogues.” November 29 November 20 South Asia Seminar, Jairam Ramesh, Project on Justice in Times of Transition, Secretary, Economic Cell of the All India Leonel Gomez , Investigator of the Bishop Congress Committee (AICC), “India Still Gerardi Case in Guatemala. Moderator: Tim Matters: Economic Growth, Social Phillips, co-founder of the Project on Justice in Empowerment, Political Democracy, and Times of Transition. “Understanding Diversity in Modern India.” International Terrorism and Organized Crime: 29: Middle East Seminar, Ilan Pappe, Reflections on the Current Situation in Professor of History, Haifa University, Guatemala and El Salvador.” “Partition in Palestine Revisited: What is a Fair 20: Communist and Postcommunist Solution?” Countries Seminar, Anthony Saich, Kennedy 29: Undergraduate Research Workshop, School of Government, Harvard University; undergraduates are invited to a thesis Grzegorz Ekiert, Government Department, workshop given by Jorge I. Domínguez, Harvard University, State Sprawl in China and Director, Weatherhead Center for International Eastern Europe.” Affairs and Clarence Dillon Professor of November 26 International Affairs, who will talk to students about selecting a thesis topic and other related Seminar on International Conflict Analysis issues such as writing a prospectus, choosing and Resolution, Oliver McTernan, an advisor, and thinking about field research. Weatherhead Center Affiliate, “Greed, Grievance, or Creed: Their Role in November 30 Ethnoreligious Conflict.” Faculty Seminar on European Integration, November 27 Peter Katzenstein, Cornell University, “Globalization and European Regionalism.” U.S.-Japan Seminar Series, David McConnell, associate professor of anthropology, College of December 3 Wooster, “Importing Diversity: Inside Japan’s Director’s Seminar, Fellows Patricia Gabel and JET Program.” George Haynal, and Carlos Rico, Consul of November 28 Mexico, Mexican Consulate in Boston. Moderator: Jorge I. Domínguez, Director, Seminar on Ethics and International Affairs, Weatherhead Center for International Affairs Joel P. Trachtman, Professor of International and Clarence Dillon Professor of International Law and Academic Dean, Fletcher School of Affairs, “A North American Community—The Law and Diplomacy, Tufts University, “Trade, Road Ahead.” Ethics, and International Legal Positivism.” 3: Interdisciplinary Faculty Seminar on 28: Global Communications and European Integration, Hubert Tworzecki, International Relations Seminar, Alan J. Emory University, “Closing God’s Playground: Jakimo, Esq., Sidley Austin Brown & Wood, EU Membership and National Identity in East- LLP,“Bioinformatics.” Central Europe.” 28: Religion, Political Economy, and Society 3: Canada Seminar, The Honorable Robert Seminar, Edward Glaeser, Professor of Keith Rae, former premier of Ontario, “Right, Economics, Harvard University, “Education Left, and Centre: the State of Canada’s Parties.” and Religion.” 3: Harvard Africa Seminar, Joseph Opala, 28: International Economics Workshop, Department of History, James Madison Taeyoon Sung, Harvard University, “Timing of University. Land Lecture Hall, Kennedy School International Technology Diffusion.” of Government, “Sierra Leone: A Domestic 28: Workshop in Comparative Politics, and International Human Rights Catastrophe.” Shannon O’Neil Trowbridge, “The Efficacy of December 4 Latin American Bureaucracies”; Brian McGraw, “Religious Political Parties.” U.S.-Japan Seminar Series, Sachio Senmoto, founder, chair, and CEO, eAccess, “Japan’s Information Technology Industry: Its Department, University of Illinois at Chicago, Problems and Future.” “The Role of Religion in Economic and 4: Comparative Politics Seminar,Peter A. Demographic Behavior: Evidence from the Hall; Daniel W. Gingrich, “Varieties of U.S. National Survey of Families and Capitalism and Institutional Complementarities Households.” in the Macroeconomy: An Empirical Analysis.” 12: International Economics Workshop, 4: Globalization and Culture Seminar, Maria Silvana Tenreyro, Harvard University, Engseng Ho, Yossi Shain, and Tony Smith, “The Causes and Consequences of Currency “Diasporas and States: Transnational Unions.” Entanglements.” 12: Workshop in Comparative Politics, Fiona December 5 Barker, “Immigration and the Welfare State”; Jacques Hymans, “Pride, Prejudice and the Seminar on Ethnicity, Culture, and Change, Bomb.” Maria Eugenia Choque, Aymara, Bolivia; Clemente Wilson, Taina Hedman, and December 13 Iguaibiliguina Hedman, Kuna, Panama; Jesus Special Seminar, Timothy J. Colton, director, Avirama, Coconuco, Colombia, “Plan Davis Center for Russian Studies; Morris and Colombia: An Indigenous Response.” Anna Feldberg Professor of Government and 5: U.S. Foreign Policy Seminar, Gideon Rose, Russian Studies; Jorge I. Domínguez, director, managing editor, Foreign Affairs. Discussant: Weatherhead Center for International Affairs; Stephen Walt, Robert and Renee Belfer Clarence Dillon Professor of International Professor of International Affairs, Kennedy Affairs, “After the Fall: Elections in Russia and School of Government, “The September 11 Mexico in the 1990s and Beyond.” Attacks: Assessing The U.S. Response.” 13: Visions of European Governance Seminar, 5: International Economics Workshop, Jerome Vignon, principal adviser, European Gianmarco Ottaviano, associate professor, Commission, “Improving Democratic Universita di Bologna, “Home Market Effects Governance in the European Union.” and the (In)efficiency of International December 14 Specialization.” South Asia Seminar, Sudhir Kakar, senior 5: Workshop in Comparative Politics, Cindy fellow, Center for the Study of World Skach, “Constitutional Courts and Religions, Harvard Divinity School, “Culture Multiculturalism”; Lucan Way, “Market and Psychology in the Kamasutra.” Producing Federalism in the Post-Soviet 14: Research Group on Political Institutions Economy.” and Economic Policy, Kathleen Bawn (Political December 6 Science, UCLA) and Frances Rosenbluth South Asia Seminar, David A. Washbrook, (Political Science, Yale University), reader in Modern South Asian History, St. “Representation as Agency Across Electoral Antony’s College, University of Oxford, “India, Systems: How Electoral Rules Shape the Europe, and the Making of the Early Modern Political Logic of Benefits and Costs.” World, 1600-1800.” Discussants: Tim Besley (Economics, LSE) and December 10 John Huber (Political Science, Columbia University). PICAR Seminar, Carolyn Boyes-Watson, associate professor of Sociology and director of David Baron (Economics, Business, and the Center for Restorative Justice, Suffolk Political Science, Stanford University), “Private University, “Does Restorative Justice have a Politics.” Role in the Aftermath of September 11?” Discussants: James Alt (Government, Harvard December 11 University) and Nolan McCarty (Politics, Princeton University). U.S.-Japan Seminar Series, Christina Davis, advanced research fellow, Program on U.S.- J. Lawrence Broz (Political Science, UCSD), Japan Relations, “Beyond Food Fights: How “The Domestic Politics of International International Institutions Promote Financial Rescues: Congressional Voting on Agricultural Trade Liberalization.” Bailouts in the 1990s.” December 12 Discussants: Randall Kroszner (Economics and Business, University of Chicago; and Religion, Political Economy, and Society Council of Economic Advisers) and Tom Seminar, Evelyn Lehrer, professor and director Romer (Politics, Princeton University). of undergraduate studies, Economics

ANNUAL REPORT 2001/2002 65 2002 February 2 January 11–12 Workshop in Comparative Politics, Jacques Conference on the Measurement of Identity Hymans, “French Sociology of International in the Social Sciences Relations and 9/11”; Shannon O’Neil Trowbridge, “Welfare State Reform and State- Chairs: Alastair Iain Johnston, Department of Society Relations in Latin America.” Government, Harvard University; Yoshiko Herrera, Department of Government, Harvard February 4 University; Rawi Abdelal, Harvard Business PICAR Seminar, Cynthia Cohen, director, School; and Terry Martin, History Brandeis Initiative in Intercommunal Department, Harvard University. Coexistence, Brandeis University, “Working January 11 with Integrity: Ethical Inquiry for Peacebuilders.” “What is identity? (As we now use the word),” James D. Fearon, Department of Political February 5 Science, Stanford University. U.S.-Japan Seminar Series, Ezra Vogel, Henry “Treating Identity as Variable,” Peter J. Ford II Research Professor of Social Science, Katzenstein, Cornell University and Russell and former director, Asia Center, “Sino-Japan Sage Foundation. Relations, 1947-2001.” January 12 5: Comparative Politics Seminar, Jeffrey Frieden, Stanfield Professor of International “Theoretical Basis of Identity Measurement,” Peace, and S. Brock Blomberg, “Sustaining Peter J. Burke, Washington State University. Fixed Rates: The Political Economy of “The Strains of Multiculturalism: A Currency Pegs in Latin America.” Framework for Analysis,” Paul Sniderman, February 6 Stanford University. “Workshop of Measurement of Identity in the Social Religion, Political Economy, and Society Sciences,” Michael D. Young, Social Science Seminar, Jonathan Fox, lecturer in the Political Automotation, Inc. Studies Department, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel, “The Quantification of “Categorically Wrong? Nominal versus Graded Religion for Cross-Sectional Analyses.” Measures of Ethnic Identity,” Henry E. Brady, Department of Political Science, Goldman 6: Workshop in Comparative Politics, Anna School of Public Policy, University of Gryzmala-Busse and Pauline Jones-Luong, California at Berkeley and Cynthia Kaplan, “Reconsidering the State: Lessons from Department of Political Science, University of Postcommunism.” California at Santa Barbara. 6: Political Development,Margaret Levi,Jere January 18 L. Bacharach Professor of International Studies, University of Washington at Seattle, Weatherhead Center Seminar, Professor “Trust in Transition: Implications for Thomas Risse, Center for Transatlantic Foreign Governments and States.” and Security Policy, Free University of Berlin, “Arguing in Multilateral Negotiations: February 7 Preliminary Results from a Research Project.” Middle East Seminar, Houchang Chehabi, January 30 professor of international relations and history, Boston University, “The Presidential Elections Workshop in Comparative Politics, Gabriel of 2001and the Khatami Presidency: Has Aguilera, “Bankers, Voters and Politicians.” Anything Changed?” January 31 7: Undergraduate Research Workshop - Grant Middle East Seminar, Shibley Telhami, Anwar Proposal Writing,Jim Cooney,executive Sadat Professor for Peace and Development, director, Weatherhead Center for International University of Maryland, “The Arab-Israeli Affairs. Conflict: Do They Ever Learn?” February 11 February 1 Director’s Seminar, Fellows Kakhi Kenkadze Joint Economic History Workshop and (Georgia), Yusup Magdiev (Uzbekistan), Rolf Harvard International Workshop, Professors Nikel (Germany), and former Fellow Garnik Michael Clemens, Harvard University and Nanagoulian (Armenia). Chair: Jorge I. Jeffrey Williamson, Harvard University, “What Domínguez, Clarence Dillon Professor of Explains the Tariff-Growth Paradox 1875-1997?” International Affairs; director, Weatherhead Center, “Russia and Its Neighbors: Uneasy Matthew Milikowsky (History): “The Allies.” Irresistible Call of the Nile: Liberal Imperialism 11: Canada Seminar, The Honorable Paul and British Expansion in East Africa, 1878- Cellucci, U.S. Ambassador to Canada, “U.S.- 1896.” Bianca Gwinn (Sociology): “Whose Lens Canada Relations.” of Focus: Health Care Policy and the Approach to Breast Cancer in the U.S. and Britain.” Chair: 11: Undergraduate Thesis Research Seminar, Alexis Albion, Ph.D. candidate, History. Jovana Vujovic (Government), “Ethnic Tolerance in the Balkans: The Origins and February 20 Effects of Civic Nationalism in Vojvodina, Religion, Political Economy, and Society Yugoslavia;” Ting Wang (Government), Seminar, Laurence R. Iannaccone, professor of “Extrajudicial Civil Dispute Mediation in economics, Santa Clara University, “Looking China Decline and Institutional Reform;” Xiao Backward: Long-Run Religious Trends Across Wu (East Asian Studies), “German Colonialism Thirty Nations.” in China: German colonial Imagination and 20: International Economics Workshop, Orientalism for the Leasehold in Qingdao.” Alberto Alesina, professor of economics and Chair: Ben Read, Ph.D. candidate, government, Harvard University, “The Political Government. Economy of International Unions.” February 12 20: Undergraduate Thesis Research Seminar, U.S.-Japan Seminar Series, David Leheny, Robinson Ramirez (History); “The Role of assistant professor of political science, Anti-U.S. Campaigns in the Student University of Wisconsin at Madison, “Japan in Movements of Panama and Colombia, 1958- the War on Terrorism in Asia.” 1971.” Sarah Stapleton (History): “Politics or 12: Globalization and Culture Seminar, Athletes? South Africa’s Struggle for Olympic Charles Cogan, W.R. Smyser, and Richard Legitimacy from 1962 to 1970.” Chair: Cemil Solomon, “The Impact of Culture on How Aydin, Ph.D. candidate, History and Middle Countries Negotiate.” Eastern Studies. February 13 20: Workshop in Comparative Politics,Ben Read, “China’s Neighborhood Committees and Seminar in Ethics and International Affairs, Their Constituents.” Michael Hardt, Duke University, author of Gilles Deleuze: An Apprenticeship in Philosophy February 21 and coauthor with Antonio Negri of Labor of U.S.-Japan Seminar Series, Glen Fukushima, Dionysus: A Critique of the State-form and president and CEO, Cadence Design Systems, Empire, “Empire at War.” and former president, American Chamber of 13: International Economics Workshop, Commerce, Japan, “What Lies Ahead for the Pierre-Philippe Combes, Centre National de la Japanese Economy?” Recherche Scientifique, “Transport Costs, 21: Economics and National Security Geography, and Regional Inequalities.” Seminar, Ethan B. Kapstein, professor of 13: Undergraduate Thesis Research Seminar, economics and political science, Insead Rohit Goel (Social Studies), “Who Governs?: Business School, and Stassen Professor of The Supreme Court and the Politics of International Peace, University of Minnesota, Affirmative Action in India.” Jean Han “Allies, Armaments, and Abandonment.” (English and American Literature and 21: Middle East Seminar, Kanan Makiya, Language), “The Delmas Treason Trial: Treason director, Iraq Research and Documentation Law and Legal Rhetoric in Apartheid South Project, author of The Rock: A Tale of Seventh Africa.” Chair: Joel Ngugi, S.J.D. candidate, Century Jerusalem, “Fictionalizing the Story of Harvard Law School. Jerusalem’s Dome of the Rock.” 13: Workshop in Comparative Politics, Cindy 21: Undergraduate Thesis Research Seminar, Skach, “Divided Majorities in the Fifth Albert Cho (Social Studies): “The Relationship Republic and Rational Timing of Dissolution.” between Social Diversity and Economic February 19 Development in Mauritius.” Undergraduate Thesis Research Seminar, Paven Malhotra (Social Studies): Alex Athanassiou (History): “The Crucible of “Technological Developments: The Free Trade: Popular Reactions to the 1860 Computerization of Subregistrar Offices in Cobden-Chevalier Treaty and the Hyderabad, India.” Sameer Doshi Development of Economic Consciousness.” (Environmental Science and Public Policy):

ANNUAL REPORT 2001/2002 67 “Institutional Patterns of Conflict In Global 27: International Economics Workshop,Oved Whaling Regulation.” Yosha, visiting associate professor of Chair: Naunihal Singh, Ph.D. candidate, economics, Harvard University, “Monetary Government; Weatherhead Center Policy in an Open Economy: The Differential Graduate Student Associate. Impact on Exporting and Non-Exporting Firms.” February 22 27: U.S. Foreign Policy Seminar, Joseph S. South Asia Seminar, Kanchan Chandra, Nye, dean, Kennedy School of Government, assistant professor, Department of Political Harvard University, “The Paradox of American Science, MIT; Academy Scholar, Harvard Power: Why the World’s Only Superpower Can’t Academy for International and Area Studies, Go It Alone.” Weatherhead Center, Harvard University, “Patronage Politics and Ethnic Politics in February 28 India.” Harvard Africa Seminar, Harry West, February 25 postdoctoral fellow, Institute for Social Policy Studies, Yale University; assistant professor, Program on U.S.-Japan Relations Graduate Faculty of Political and Social Roundtable, Yoshibumi Wakamiya, senior Science, New School for Social Research, political writer, Asahi Newspaper (Asahi “Sorcery and Democracy in Post-War Shimbun), and author of The Postwar Mozambique.” Conservative View of Asia, “Japan’s Current Ambivalence and Future: Between the Peace 28: Communist and Postcommunist Constitution and Yasukuni Shrine.” Countries Seminar, Tomothy Colton, professor, Department of Government, 25: PICAR Seminar, Nadim Rouhana, Harvard University; Roderick MacFarquhar, Professor of Sociology, Anthropology, and professor, Department of Government, “Boris Psychology, Tel Aviv University, Israel, and Yeltsin, Deng Xiaoping, and Jiang Zemin.” founding director of “Mada - the Arab Center for Applied Social Research,” Haifa, Israel, “Is March 5 Reconciliation between Israelis and U.S.-Japan Seminar Series, Thomas Berger, Palestinians Possible? A Non-rhetorical associate professor of international relations, Question.” Boston University, “War, Guilt, and Memory: February 26 The ‘History Problem’ in Japan’s Foreign Relations.” U.S.-Japan Seminar Series, William Overholt, senior fellow, Asia Center, and former head of March 6 Asia Economics and Strategy, Nomura Religion, Political Economy, and Society International, “Looming Financial Crises and Seminar, Robert Barro, Robert C. Waggoner Political-Economic Change in Japan and Professor of Economics, Harvard University, China.” “Religiosity and Economic Variables in a Panel 26: PONSACS Seminar, Ernesto Borda, of Countries.” professor and director of the Institute of 6: Workshop in Comparative Politics, Kristin Human Rights and International Relations, Smith, “Politics of Islamic Finance.” Javeriana University, Bogota, Colombia; Dr. 6: Globalization and Culture Seminar, Philip Luis Fernando de Angulo, Board of Directors, Jenkins, “The Global Competition for Institute of Human Rights and International Converts: Christianity vs. Islam.” Relations, Javeriana University, Bogota, 6: Political Development, Akhil Gupta, Colombia; and Dr. Alvaro Campos, Anthropology Department, Stanford Commission for National Conciliation, “If University, “Spatializing States: Toward an Peace in Colombia, Then What? Participatory Ethnography of Neoliberal Governmentality.” Democracy and Civil Society in the Peace Process and Beyond.” March 7 February 27 Harvard Africa Seminar, Caroline Elkins, assistant professor of history, Harvard Canada Seminar, Norman Jewison, filmmaker, University, “Detention, Rehabilitation and the producer, and director. Seminar and screening Destruction of Kikuyu Society during the Mau of Norman Jewison’s 1999 major motion film Mau Emergency.” “The Hurricane.” 7: Middle East Seminar, Gadi Baltiansky, 14: Lecture Series on Australian Foreign Wexner-Israel Fellow, Kennedy School of Policy: “Shipwrecked in Arcadia: The Government; media advisor to Prime Minister Australian Experiment,” Paul Kelly, Ehud Barak, 1999-2000, Alon Ben-David, Weatherhead Center Visiting Scholar; Wexner-Israel Fellow, Kennedy School of Australian journalist and writer; former editor- Government; Israeli Broadcasting Authority, in-chief, The Australian, “Engagement with head, News Defense Desk; Gidi Grinstein, Asia: An Incomplete Project.” Wexner-Israel Fellow, Kennedy School of March 15 Government; Secretary of the Israeli Economics and National Security Seminar, Negotiating Team for the Permanent Status Thomas J. Christensen, professor of political Agreement, 1999-2001, “The Future of the science, MIT, “Economic Interdependence and Peace Process: Israeli Perspectives.” Security in the Taiwan Strait.” March 8 15: South Asia Seminar, Michael J. Bamshad, South Asia Seminar, Asim Ijaz Khwaja, associate professor, Eccles Institute of Human assistant professor, John F. Kennedy School of Genetics, University of Utah, “Genetic Government, Harvard University, “Can Good Evidence on the Origins of Indian Caste Projects Succeed in ‘Bad’ Communities? Populations.” Collective Action and Local Public Goods in March 16 the Himalayas.” Harvard Academy Conference: “Diasporas, March 11 Transnationality, and Global Conflict,” U.S.-Japan Seminar Series, Yasuaki Onuma, Sponsored by the Harvard Academy for professor of international law, University of International and Area Studies, Weatherhead Tokyo. Discussant: John Dower, professor of Center for International Affairs. (For details on history, MIT, and author of the Pulitzer Prize- this event, please refer to the International and winning book, Embracing Defeat: Japan in the Area Studies section.) Wake of World War II, “Japan’s War Guilt and Postwar Responsibilities.” March 18 11: PICAR Seminar, Diana Chigas, director of Director’s Seminar, Fellows Mark Dickinson (U.K.), Research and Evaluation, Conflict Management Xavier Lewis (France and U.K.), and Jacques Group (CMG), Cambridge, “Grand Visions Pellet (France). Moderator: Jorge I. Domínguez, and Small Projects: Reflections on Measuring Director, Weatherhead Center for International Effectiveness of Peace Building Initiatives.” Affairs; Clarence Dillon Professor of International Affairs,“The Non-Event of the Euro?” March 13 18: PICAR Seminar and Middle East Joint Ethics and International Affairs Seminar, Seminar, Dennis Ross, Distinguished Fellow David Rieff, author, Slaughterhouse: Bosnia and and Counselor at the Washington Institute for The Failure of the West and Humanitarianism, Near East Policy; Special Middle East Envoy “Humanitarianism versus Human Rights?” for the first Bush and Clinton Administrations, 13: International Economics Workshop, “The Future of the Middle East Peace Process.” David Weinstein, Carl S. Shoup Professor of 18: Olin Institute for Strategic Studies Economics, Columbia University, “Bones, Seminar, Dr. Alan Ryan, senior research fellow Bombs and Break Points: The Geography of in the Australian Army’s Land Warfare Studies Economic Activity.” Centre, “Peacekeeping in East Timor and 13: Workshop in Comparative Politics, Australia’s Contribution to Regional Security.” Elizabeth Perry, “Armed Workers and the State 18: Canada Seminar, Stephen Poloz, vice- in Modern China.” president and chief economist, Export March 14 Development Corporation, “Hemispheric Harvard Africa Seminar, Matthews Ojo, Trade in the New Era of Uncertainty.” visiting lecturer, Center for the Study of World March 19 Religions, Harvard Divinity School; senior U.S.-Japan Seminar Series, Yutaka Kawashima, lecturer, Department of Religious Studies, adjunct lecturer, Kennedy School of Obafemi Awolowo University, Nigeria, “The Government, Harvard University; and former Sharia Controversy: Religion and the vice minister, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, “East Democratization Process in Nigeria.” Asia’s Security Environment at the Start of a New Century.”

ANNUAL REPORT 2001/2002 69 19: Lecture Series on Australian Foreign April 2 Policy: “Shipwrecked in Arcadia,” Paul Kelly, U.S.-Japan Seminar Series, Mireya Solis, Weatherhead Center Visiting Scholar; assistant professor of politics, Brandeis Australian journalist and writer; former editor- University, “The Politics of Self-Restraint: FDI in-chief, The Australian; “Dancing with Subsidies and Japanese Mercantilism.” America: Will the Music Ever Stop?” 2: Comparative Politics Seminar, Cindy 19: U.S. Foreign Policy Seminar, Charles Skach, “Divided Minority Government and Dunbar, Warburg Professor, Simmons College; Democracy.” former U.S. Ambassador to Yemen and Qatar, 2: U.S. Foreign Policy Seminar, Martha “Assessing U.S. Policies in Afghanistan, Crenshaw, professor of government, Wesleyan Southwest Asia, and the Gulf.” University, “Terrorism as International Civil March 20 War.” Religion, Political Economy, and Society 2: Harvard Africa Seminar, Felton T. Earls, Seminar, Roger Finke, professor of sociology professor of human behavior and and religious studies, Pennsylvania State development, Maternal and Child Health, University; director of the American Religion Harvard School of Public Health, “Human Data Archive, “Explaining the Human side of Development in East Africa: HIV/AIDS Impact Religion: A Review of Initial Efforts.” on Children.” 20: International Economics Workshop, April 3 Jeffrey Frankel, Harpel Professor of Capital Religion, Political Economy, and Society Formation and Growth, Kennedy School of Seminar, Harvey Mansfield, William R. Kenan, Government, Harvard University, “Is Trade Jr., Professor of Government, Harvard Good or Bad for the Environment? Sorting University, “Machiavelli and Spinoza on the Out the Causality.” Theological-Political Problem.” 20: PONSACS Seminar, Vincenzo Bollettino, 3: Workshop in Comparative Politics, Fiona post-doctoral fellow, PONSACS, “UN Conflict Barker, Prospectus Draft. Early Warning: Future Prospects.” April 4 20: Workshop in Comparative Politics, Masaru Miyano, “Japanese Electoral Change Harvard Africa Seminar, Ernest Aryeetey, from the Point of Generation”; Hillel Soifer, Cornell Visiting Professor, Department of “Towards Explaining State Strength in Latin Economics, Swarthmore College; former deputy America.” director, Institute of Statistical, Social and Economic Research, University of Ghana, “What March 21 are the Limitations of Conditionality in Making Middle East Seminar, Michael Klare, Five Aid Effective?: A Case Study from Ghana.” College Professor of Peace and World Security 4: International Economics Seminar,Helene Studies, Hampshire, Amherst, Smith, and Rey, assistant professor, Princeton University, Mount Holyoke Colleges and University of “Financial Globalization and Emerging Massachusetts at Amherst, “The Geopolitical Markets: With or Without Crash?” Dimensions of the War Against Terrorism.” 4: Middle East Seminar, Roger Owen, A. J. 21: Lecture Series on Australian Foreign Meyer Professor of History, Harvard Policy: “Shipwrecked in Arcadia,” Paul Kelly, University, “The War on Terrorism and the Weatherhead Center Visiting Scholar; World Recession: Economic Consequences for Australian journalist and writer; former editor- the Middle East.” in-chief, The Australian; “Australia Beyond 2001: Toward a New National Project.” April 5-6 March 27 Informal Institutions and Politics in the Developing World Global Communications and International chairs: Steven Levitsky, faculty associate and Relations Seminar, Alain Servantie, adviser to assistant professor of government, Harvard the DG Enlargement European Commission, University; and Gretchen Helmke, assistant Brussels, “Information Age in South Eastern professor of political science, University of Europe: An Historical Perspective.” Rochester. 5: Welcome by Jorge I. Domínguez, director, Weatherhead Center for International Affairs Introduction and Overview by Gretchen Comparative Perspective.” Helmke and Steven Levitsky Speaker: Kathleen Collins, University of Notre Session I: Introductory Themes Dame, “Clans as Political Variables: How Speaker: Jack Knight, Washington University, Informal Institutions Shape Political “Informal Institutions and the Transitions.” Microfoundations of Politics.” Speaker: Lucan Way, Temple Speaker: James Johnson, University of University/Harvard Academy, “The Rochester, “Opening Questions.” Informal Politics of Pluralism in Weak States: Moldova in Comparative Speaker: Hans-Joachim Lauth, University of Perspective.” Mainz, Germany, “Special Relationships: The Different Impact of Informal Discussant: Cindy Skach, Harvard University Institutions on Various Democratic 5: South Asia Seminar, Anjini Kochar, assistant Institutions.” professor, Department of Economics, Stanford Discussant: John Carey, Washington University, “Education and Institutional University Change: Explaining India’s Low Schooling.” Session II: States, Markets, and the Rule of April 6 Law Informal Institutions and Politics in the Speaker: Daniel Brinks, University of Notre Developing World (continued) Dame, “Informal Institutions and the Rule Session V: Democratic Institutions II of Law: The Judicial Response to State Speaker: Joy Langston, CIDE, Mexico, “The Killings in Buenos Aires and Sao Paulo in Formal Bases of Informal Power: Statute the 1990s.” Battles in Mexico’s PRI, 1990–2000.” Speaker: Rudra Sil, University of Pennsylvania, Speaker: Todd Eisenstadt, University of New “Negotiating A Fruitful Convergence Hampshire, “Trust But Verify: How Between The Formal And Informal: Mexico’s Opposition Forced Electoral Institutions Of Work In Japan And Soviet Dispute Resolution from Bargaining Russia.” Tables to Courtrooms and Lived to Tell Speaker: Kathryn Hendley, University of About it.” Wisconsin, “Attitudes vs. Behavior: Speaker: Peter Siavelis, Wake Forest University, Towards an Explanation of the Use of Law “Informal Institutions and by Russian Enterprises.” Democratization: Theoretical Lessons Discussant: Ashutosh Varshney, University of from Chile.” Michigan Discussant: Maria Victoria Murillo, Yale Session III: Clientelism and Corruption University Speaker: Luis Medina, University of Chicago, April 8 “Clientelism as Political Monopoly.” PICAR Seminar, Eileen Babbitt, assistant Speaker: Robert Gay, Connecticut College, professor of international politics and co- “Grappling with Clientelism: False director, Center for Human Rights and Consciousness Strategy and Conflict Resolution, the Fletcher School of Law Misrecognition.” and Diplomacy, Tufts University, “Imagine Speaker: Keith Darden, Yale University, “Graft Coexistence: Evaluating Progress on Refugee and Governance: Corruption as an Reintegration in Bosnia and Rwanda.” Informal Mechanism of State Control.” April 9 Speaker: Andreas Schedler, FLASCO-Mexico, Program on U.S.-Japan Relations “The Formal Subversion of Informal Roundtable, Kazuo Aichi, senior fellow, Asia Institutions: Secret Voting and Electoral Center, and former director general of the Clientelism in Mexico.” Defense and Environment Agencies, “The Discussant: Melanie Manion, University of Changing Balance of Power Between Wisconsin. Politicians and Bureaucrats in Japan.” Session IV: Democratic Institutions I April 10–12 Speaker: Dennis Galvan, University of Oregon, Mobilizing Science and Technology for “Institutional Syncretism and Local Sustainable Development Democracy in Senegal and in Chairs: William Clark, faculty associate and

ANNUAL REPORT 2001/2002 71 Harvey Brooks Professor of International “Let Social Policy Models Compete and Science, Public Policy and Human Europe Will Win,” Tito Boeri,Bocconi Development, John F. Kennedy School of University. Government; and Calestous Juma, director, Discussants: David Elwood, Kennedy School Science, Technology and Innovation Program, of Government, Harvard University, Karl Belfer Center for Science and International Pichelmann, European Commission, and Affairs, Harvard University. Bernd Marin, European Centre for Social 10: Reception and dinner, Harvard Faculty Welfare Policy. Club Session III: Government-Business Relationship 10: International Economics Seminar,Pravin Chair: Ira A. Jackson, director, Center for Krishna, associate professor, Brown University, Business and Government “Foreign Lobbies and U.S. Trade Policy.” “Government-Business Relations in the United 10: Workshop in Comparative Politics, States,” Roger B. Porter, Kennedy School of Samuel Huntington, “American National Government, Harvard University. Identity.” “Economic Policy in the U.S. and the EU: 10: Globalization and Culture Seminar, Convergence or Divergence?” Elie Cohen, Gurcharan Das, “Modern vs. Western: India CEVIPOF and Jean Pisani-Ferry, Conseil Unbound.” d’Analyse Economique. April 11-12 Discussants: Peter Hall, Center for European Transatlantic Perspectives on U.S.–EU Studies, Harvard University, and Anton Economic Relations: Convergence, Conflict Pelinka, University of Innsbruk. and Cooperation Session IV: Comparative Economic Performance Organized by: Robert Z. Lawrence and Michael Chair: Robert Z. Lawrence, Kennedy School of Landesmann Government Welcome: James Cooney, executive director, “The New Economy in Europe and the United Weatherhead Center for International Affairs, States,” Martin N. Baily,Institute for Harvard University; Dieter Stiefel,executive International Economics. chairman, The Schumpeter Society; Robert Z. “Comparative Economic Performance: The Lawrence, Kennedy School of Government, European View,” Karl Aiginger, Austrian Harvard University. Institute of Economic Research and Michael Session I: Corporate Culture and Corporate Landesmann, Vienna Institute for Governance International Economic Studies. Chair: Dieter Stiefel, Vienna University , Discussants: Dale Jorgenson, Kennedy School “Corporate Cultures and Governance: of Government, Harvard University and Ownership, Control and Governance of Ignazio Visco, OECD. European and U.S. Corporations,” Colin 11: Program on U.S.-Japan Relations Panel, Mayer, University of Oxford. “Japanese Politics Today” Yukio Matsuyama, “European Corporations, American Style?: honorary chair, editorial board, Asahi Governance, Culture and Convergence,” Shimbun, “What Has Been Changing in Japan, Jeswald Salacuse, Tufts University. and What Has Not.” Ethan Scheiner, advanced Discussants: Stefan Gueldenberg, Vienna research fellow, Program on U.S.-Japan University of Economics and Business Relations, “Democracy Without Competition: Administration, and Robert Pozen, Opposition Failure in One-Party Dominant Kennedy School of Government, Harvard Japan.” Jun Iio, professor of government, University. National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies, Session II: U.S.–European Trends in Welfare “Academics and Policy-Making: A Comparison Systems, Labor Markets and Migration of the United States and Japan.” Chair: Dani Rodrik, Kennedy School of 11: 2002 Samuel L. And Elizabeth Jodidi Government Lecture, Justice Richard J. Goldstone, Judge of the South African Constitutional Court; chief “Can the Egalitarian EU Compete with the prosecutor for war crimes tribunal in Rwanda; Market-driven U.S.?” Richard Freeman, Weatherhead Center Fellow (1989), National Bureau of Economic Research and “International Terrorism: What International Harvard University. Criminal Law Can Do.” 11: Economics and National Security Commentators: Francisco Sagasti, Agenda: Peru Seminar, Sanjaya Baru, Editor, The Financial Greg Tosen, Development and Demonstration, Express, India. “The Strategic Consequences of ESKOM Research India’s Economic Performance.” Sponsored by April 12 the John M. Olin Institute for Strategic Studies. Mobilizing Science and Technology for Sustainable Development (continued) 11: Mobilizing Science and Technology for Sustainable Development (continued) Session V: Working groups convene “Constructing a global R&D system responsive “Mobilizing knowledge and technology” to sustainable development: A workshop Chair: José Sarukhán, National Autonomous overview of challenges, opportunities and University of Mexico (UNAM) financing strategies.” William Clark, Kennedy Rapporteur: Gisbert Glaser, International School of Government, Harvard University. Council for Science, France Session I: Mobilizing knowledge and “Flexibility and stability” technology. “How do we mobilize the most appropriate knowledge and technology to Chair: Ralph Chipman, Division for address a specific problem in a specific place?” Sustainable Development, United Nations Speaker: Mohamed Hassan, Third World Rapporteur: Frank Alcock, Kennedy School of Academy of Sciences Government, Harvard University Commentators: Akilagpa Sawyerr, Association “Priority Infrastructure” of African Universities Chair: Julia Marton-Lefevre, LEAD Lea Velho, Institute for New Technologies, International, United Kingdom United Nations University Rapporteur: David Cash, Kennedy School of Session II: Flexibility and stability. “How do we Government, Harvard University build and fund research systems that are “Augmenting Resources” flexible and responsive to evolving problems Chair: Julia Novy-Hildesley, Lemelson yet durable and committed to problems that Foundation require cumulative research efforts and long- Rapporteur: Nancy Dickson, Kennedy School term learning before producing viable of Government, Harvard University outcomes?” Session VI: Presentations of key Speaker: Frank Alcock, Kennedy School of recommendations and discussion: Government, Harvard University Wrap up remarks: Commentators: Rosina Bierbaum, School of Natural Resources and Environment, Mohamed Hassan, Third World Academy of University of Michigan; Bedrich Moldan, Sciences and InterAcademy Panel Environmental Centre, Charles University Gisbert Glaser, International Council for Session III: Priority Infrastructure. “What are Science the most critical components of S&T Robert Kates, Initiative on Science and infrastructure that should be targeted for Technology for Sustainability investment in capacity building and how do 12: The Harvard Colloquium on these critical components vary over time, International Affairs, “Globalization After place, and issue area?” September 11: Has Anything Changed?” Speaker: David Cash, Kennedy School of 12: Transatlantic Perspectives on U.S.–EU Government, Harvard University Economic Relations: Convergence, Conflict Commentators: Andrew Bennett, Department and Cooperation (continued) for International Development, United Session V: “Trade and International Kingdom; Mark Valentine, Cross-Cutting Investment” Programs, Packard Foundation Chair: Robert Z. Lawrence, Kennedy School of Session IV: Augmenting Resources. “Given the Government pressing resource constraints in the public Paper: “Old and New Issues in EC–U.S. Trade sector, how do we enhance access to private Disputes,” Andre Sapir, European sector resources without necessarily privatizing Commission. the public domain?” Paper: “Trade and Investment: An American Speaker: Calestous Juma, Kennedy School of Perspective,” Gary Hufbauer,Institute for Government, Harvard University

ANNUAL REPORT 2001/2002 73 International Economics and Frederic Religion, Political Economy and Society Neumann, Institute for International Seminar, Anthony Gill, Associate Professor of Economics. Political Science, University of Washington, Discussants: Richard Cooper, Kennedy School “The Political Origins of Religious Liberty.” of Government, Harvard University, and 17: Workshop in Comparative Politics,Victor Wilhelm Kohler, Johannes Kepler Shih, “Bureaucratic Politics and Failure of University of Linz, “Issues of U.S.–EU Banking Reform in China”; Naunihal Singh, Trade Policy.” “Military Coups from the Middle.” Session VI: “The Euro And Designs For A New April 18 International Financial Architecture” Harvard Africa Seminar, Joel Barkan, Chair: Jeffry Frieden, Harvard University professor of political science, University of Paper: Adam Posen, Institute for International Iowa; senior consultant on government, Public Economics Sector Reform Unit, Africa Region, World Bank; resident fellow, Woodrow Wilson Discussants: Barry Eichengreen, University of International Center. “Designing Better California at Berkeley, Ewald Nowotny, Electoral Systems for Emerging Democracies: European Investment Bank (EIB), and Options for Kenya and South Africa.” Andre Sapir, European Commission. 18: Program on U.S.-Japan Relations Panel: Panels: “The Future of EU–U.S. Economic “Japan’s Comprehensive Security Policy”: Relations” Shunji Izutsu, Japan Air Self-Defense Force, “A “Macroeconomics” New National Defense Program Outline for Chair: Robert Z. Lawrence, Kennedy School of the New Century”; Ken Sasaji, Ministry of Government Economy, Trade and Industry, “Economy and Panel: Jeffrey Frankel, Kennedy School of Security in Asia-Pacific”; Yoshiyuki Tsuji, Government National Police Agency, “The Globalization of Crime and Necessary Countermeasures.” Mario Draghi, Vice Chairman, Goldman- Discussant: Professor Shinju Fujihira, Tufts Sachs International University. “U.S.–EU Relations” 18: Ethics and International Affairs Seminar, Chair: Eric Frey, University of New Orleans Stanley Hoffmann, Paul and Catherine Panel: Stephen Walt, Kennedy School of Buttenwieser University Professor, Harvard Government, Harvard University University, “The World Today.” Franz Vranitzky, Westdeutsche Landesbank April 19-20 April 13 A Demographic Study of the Partition of The Harvard Colloquium on International India: Is it Feasible? Affairs, “Globalization After September 11: Chair Jennifer Leaning, Professor of Has Anything Changed?” International Health, Director of Program April 16 on Humanitarian Crises and Human Rights, Harvard School of Public Health U.S.-Japan Seminar Series, Kim Reimann, advanced research fellow, Program on U.S.- The 1947 Partition of India constitutes one of Japan Relations, “Political Globalization and the greatest mass population migrations in the Spread of Global Civil Society: modern history. Despite the passage of 50 International Environmental NGOs and the years, the demographic consequences have not Case of Japan.” been systematically described or assessed. Undertaking a study to examine the 16: U.S. Foreign Policy Seminar, Jerome M. demographic consequences of the Partition of Segal, Center for International Security India would require substantial commitment Studies, University of Maryland, author of from a multidisciplinary team for a period of “Creating the Palestinian State,”“How the at least three years. The feasibility of such a United States Can Bring Peace to study depends greatly upon what data sources Israel/Palestine.” are available or reconstructable. During the 16: Comparative Politics Seminar, last year, a feasibility study has been conducted “Comparative Politics Field Seminar Syllabus to assess the extent to which the requisite data Discussion.” are available and of sufficient quality to April 17 warrant consideration of a longer study. The purpose of the workshop was to analyze the Investment in Developing Countries.” quality and availability of data collected thus “Tackling Social and Economic Ills.” far in order to determine the feasibility of Discussant: Professor Margarita Estevez-Abe, conducting a larger, multi-year study. Government Department, Harvard University. April 22 25: Middle East Seminar, Guy Grossman, Director’s Seminar, Fellows Christopher Wright, Masters Candidate, Department of History Greg Kaufmann, and U.S.-Japan Program and Philosophy of Science and Ideas, Tel Aviv Associate Shunji (Bert) Izutsu, Moderator: Jorge University; Lieutenant (Reserve- Paratroopers); I. Domínguez, Director, Weatherhead Center, and Member, Leadership Circle, Ometz “Making Coalitions Work.” le’Sarev, The Israeli Refusal Movement, “Israeli Army Refusers: Ethical and Ideological 22: Canada Seminar, David Johnson, professor Underpinnings and Societal Responses.” of economics, Wilfrid Laurier University, Cosponsored by the Center for Middle Eastern “Economic Perspectives on Recent Policy Studies. Changes in Canadian Education.” April 26 April 23 South Asia Seminar, K. Sivaramakrishnan, Program on U.S.-Japan Relations Panel: Assistant Professor, Department of “Revamping Japan’s Financial Industry”: Yoku Anthropology, University of Washington- Yamazaki, Ministry of Finance, “Reviving Seattle, “Cosmopolitan Migrants: The Politics Japan’s Banks”; Kenji Nakai, Mitsubishi Trust of Work and Identity in South India.” and Banking Corporation, “Why Japanese Individuals Are Afraid to Invest in Stocks”; April 29 Hisanobu Sekine, Development Bank of Japan, Seminar on International Conflict Analysis “Regional Development Policy in Japan.” and Resolution, Peter Uvin, Henry J. Leir “Revamping Japan’s Financial Industry.” Associate Professor of International Discussant: Professor Henry Laurence, Humanitarian Studies, Tufts University, Bowdoin College. “Ethical Choices in Post-conflict Agendas: The 23: Paul Kelly, Editor-at-Large, The Australian Role of International Development in Post- newspaper, Marilyn Lake, Visiting Professor of genocide Rwanda.” Australian Studies at Harvard, Fred Schauer, April 30 Academic Dean, KSG and frequent visitor to U.S.-Japan Relations Seminar Series,Aaron Australia, “100 Years of Australian Friedberg, professor of politics, Princeton, and Nationhood.” Co-sponsored by the Harvard Henry A. Kissinger Scholar, Library of University Committee on Australian Studies Congress, “The Geopolitics of Asia Today.” and the Weatherhead Center for International 30: Seminar on Ethnicity, Culture, and Affairs. Change, A Discussion with: Rand Beers, April 24 International Narcotics Law and Enforcement International Economics Workshop, John Affairs, U.S. Department of State. Father Romalis, assistant professor, University of Francisco de Roux, Program for Development Chicago, “NAFTA’s Impact on North American and Peace in Magdalena Medio. Anders Trade.” Kompass, United National High Commission 24: Workshop in Comparative Politics,Maria for Human Rights in Colombia. Ellen Lutz, Dimitrova Popova, “Judiciary / Former Center for Human Rights and Conflict Communist States”; Khaled Halmey, “Islamist Resolution, Fletcher School of Law and Parties in Parliament.” Diplomacy, Tufts University.Aleandro Santos, Semana, Colombian newspaper. Mark April 25 Schneider, International Crisis Group. Program on U.S.-Japan Relations Panel: Moderator: Joseph S. Nye Jr., Dean, John F. “Tackling Social and Economic Ills”; Ryuichi Kennedy School of Government. Arco Forum, Kitano, Asahi Newspaper, “The Price of John F. Kennedy School of Government. Isolation: A Comparison of Public Health “Colombia: Struggling Against Terrorism, Policy Toward Infectious Diseases in Japan and Working Toward Peace.” Co-sponsored by the the United States”; Masami Hasegawa, John F. Kennedy School of Government Keidanren, “Regulatory Regimes: Competition Institute of Politics, Harvard Law School versus Monopoly”; Fumitaka Machida, Japan Human Rights Program, the Program on Bank for International Cooperation, Nonviolent Sanctions and Cultural Survival, “Managing the Risk of Private Infrastructure the Project on Justice in Times of Transition,

ANNUAL REPORT 2001/2002 75 the Center for Public Leadership, the Edward Canada and U.S.–Canada section.) S. Mason Program in Public Policy and 9: Undergraduate Field Research Workshop. Management, the Women and Public Policy Undergraduates are invited to a workshop on Program, and the Colombian Colloquium of field research techniques given by a panel of Graduate Students and Scholars at Harvard three Graduate Student Associates of the and MIT. Weatherhead Center. Kristin Smith (Government), May 1 Bret Gustafson (Anthropology), and Naunihal Religion, Political Economy, and Society Singh (Government) will speak to Seminar, Dr. Rachel McCleary, undergraduates about Interviewing Techniques, Qualitative and Quantitative Director, Project on Religion, Political Methods, and Tips on Research in a Foreign Economy and Society, Weatherhead Center, Country. This event is part of a series of “Salvation and Economic Behavior.” Weatherhead Center workshops on thesis topic May 2 exploration, research, and writing for Harvard Program on U.S.-Japan Relations Panel: undergraduates given by Weatherhead Center “Toward Greater Economic Competition”: faculty, staff, and graduate students. Masaaki Sugimori, Tokyo Electric Power May 10–11 Company, “Japan’s Telecommunication Non-Democratic Regimes And Trajectories Industry: Movements Towards Broadband After The Cold War Services”; Koichi Kuroda, Idemitsu Kosan Company, “Deregulating Japan’s Airline Co-sponsored by the Davis Center for Russian Industry”; Shinzo Nakatani, Tokyo Gas Studies, the Harvard Academy for Company, “Building Natural Gas Pipelines in International and Area Studies, the Rockefeller Japan.” Center for Latin American Studies, and the Weatherhead Center for International Affairs. 2: Middle East Seminar, Judith Yaphe, Senior Research Professor, Institute for National (For details on this event, please refer to the Strategic Studies, National Defense University, International and Area Studies section.) “U.S.-Iraq Policy: Is Regime Change in Iraq’s May 17-20 Future?” Cosponsored by the Center for Conference on Social Movements in the South Middle Eastern Studies. Chair: Sanjeev Khagram, assistant professor of May 3 public policy, John F. Kennedy School of Global Communications and International Government, Harvard University Relations Seminar, Mark Nadel, Attorney, 17: Session I: Introductions, Genesis of Policy & Program Planning Division, Federal Project/Overview of Workshop Communications Commission, “Selection Session II: Social Movements in Brazil Assistants in a Cyberspace Environment.” Cosponsored by the Program on Information May 18 Resources Policy. Conference on Social Movements in the 3: South Asia Seminar, Nayan Chanda, South (continued) Director of Publications, Center for the Study Session III: Social Movements in India of Globalization, Yale University; Editor-at- Session IV: Social Movements in South Africa Large, Far Eastern Economic Review. “The May 19 September 11 Fallout in South Asia.” Co- sponsored with the Modern Asia Series, Asia Conference on Social Movements in the Center. South (continued) May 7 Session V: Development of Comparative, Theoretical, Methodological and Practical U.S. Foreign Policy Seminar, Professor Francis Frameworks I Bator, Kennedy School of Government, “Reconsidering LBJ as a Foreign Policy Session VI: Development of Comparative, Manager: Europe, Vietnam, and the Domestic Theoretical, Methodological and Practical Connection.” Frameworks II May 9–11 May 20 Canada–U.S. Economic And Monetary Conference on Social Movements in the Integration South (continued) (For details on this event, please refer to the Session VII: Formulation of Joint Goals, Work Plan and next Steps June 1 Speakers: John J. Mearsheimer,R.Wendell Research Group on Political Institutions and Harrison Professor of Political Science, Economic Policy (PIEP) University of Chicago; William Kristol, editor, Weekly Standard; Karl Kaiser, director, The Research Group on Political Institutions Research Institute of the German Council on and Economic Policy is a joint activity of the Foreign Relations. Weatherhead Center for International Affairs and the Center for Basic Research in Social Reception and Dinner Sciences. The goal of these conferences is to Introduction: James Cooney,executive encourage the development of an approach to director, Weatherhead Center for International politics and policymaking that is theoretically Affairs, Harvard University rigorous and empirically systematic with Speaker: Dominique Moïsi, deputy director, regard to both political institutions and French Institute of International economic factors. Relations (IFRI) Organizers: Jeffry Frieden, Professor of June 15 Government, Harvard University and Kenneth The Future of U.S. Foreign Policy (continued) Shepsle, George D. Markham Professor of Government Session II: “The ‘War’ on Terrorism and U.S. Foreign Policy” Session I: “The Institutional Foundations of Public Policy: A Transactions Approach with Speakers: François Heisbourg, director, Application to Argentina,” Pablo Spiller, Foundation pour la Recherche Stratégique; business, University of California, at Berkeley, Jessica Stern, lecturer in public policy, John F. and Mariano Tommasi, economics, Kennedy School of Government, Harvard Universidad de San Andrés. University; Shahram Chubin, director of Discussants: Daron Acemoglu, economics, research, Geneva Centre for Security Policy MIT, and Robert Bates, government, Harvard (GCSP); Fen Osler Hampson, professor, The University Norman Paterson School of International Affairs, Carleton University Session II: “Privatization, Institutions and Performance: Telecommunications in Africa,” Session III: “U.S. Defense Policy and Global Roger Noll, Economics and Political Science, Military Presence” Stanford University. Speakers: Rudolf Scharping, Minister of Discussants: Ugo Panizza, Inter-American Defense, Germany; Cindy Williams, Development Bank, and Mark Ramseyer, Senior Fellow of the Security Studies law, Harvard University Program, MIT; Thérèse Delpech,French Atomic Energy Institute; Barry Posen, Session III: “Accountability and Political Professor of Political Science, MIT Competition: Theory and Evidence,” Tim Besley, economics, London School of Reception and Dinner Economics. Introduction: Jorge Domínguez Discussant: Lisa Martin, government, Harvard Speaker: Stephen Walt University 15: Conference on Military Conflict and June 14–16 Public Health The Future of U.S. Foreign Policy The Military Conflict and Public Health Chairs: Jorge Domínguez, director, Conference is co-sponsored by the Center for Weatherhead Center for International Basic Research in the Social Sciences (CBRSS), Affairs, Harvard University; James the Weatherhead Center for International Cooney, executive director, Weatherhead Affairs (WCFIA), and the National Science Center for International Affairs, Harvard Foundation (NSF). University; and Stephen Walt, Robert and Chairs: Gary King, David Florence Professor of Renee Belfer Professor of International Government, Department of Government, Affairs, John F. Kennedy School of Harvard University and Lisa Martin, Government, Harvard University. professor of government, Harvard 14: Welcome and Introductory Remarks University Session I: “‘Bound to Lead’ or Homeward Session I: Conflict and the Study of Bound?: Differing Views on U.S. Grand International Relations: Paul Huth, Bruce Strategy” Russett, Hazem Ghobarah, Ben Valentino, John Freeman, Andrew Kydd, Kosuke Imai, and

ANNUAL REPORT 2001/2002 77 Lars-Erik Cederman Session II: Conflict and Public Health: Federico Girosi, Claudia Pedroza, Josh Salomon, Naunihal Singh, Heide Richter- Airijoki, Chris Murray, Kenji Shibuya, and David Davis Session III: Forecasting and Methodological Issues: Kevin Quinn, Andrew Martin, Will Lowe, Joe Bond, Doug Bond, and Michael Ward June 16 The Future of U.S. Foreign Policy (continued) Session IV: “Thinking Outside the Box: Reforming U.S. Foreign Policy” Speakers: Jeffrey Frankel, James W. Harpel Professor of Capital Formation and Growth, John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University; Andrei Kortunov, executive director, Open Society Institute, Moscow; Laurens Jan Brinkhorst, minister of agriculture, Nature Management and Fisheries, Netherlands; William Drozdiak,executive director, Transatlantic Center, German Marshall Fund of the U.S. AFFILIATE PUBLICATIONS

THE CENTER SPONSORS MYRIAD SEMINARS, LECTURES, PROGRAMS AND CONFERENCES that involve resident affiliates, a variety of international scholars, government officials, and representatives of the private sector. The results of Center research are made available to the public and to the policymaking community through the print and web publication of the Centerpiece tri-annual newsletter, conference reports, and the Center’s Working Paper Series, which publishes up to ten papers annually. Papers are selected for publication based on their relevance to contemporary issues in international affairs, originality of research, rigor of analysis, and significance of conclusions.

WORKING PAPERS Alfaro, Laura. “On the Political Economy of Temporary Stabilization Programs.” Economics and Politics 14, 02-03 Andreas Umland, “Toward an Uncivil no. 2 (July 2002). Society? Contextualizing the Recent Decline of Extremely Right-Wing Parties in Russia” Alfaro, Laura, Areendam Chanda, Sebnem Kalemli- Ozcan, and Selin Sayek. “FDI and Economic 02-02 Anna Grzymala-Busse and Pauline Jones Growth: The Role of Local Financial Markets.” Luong, “The Ignored Transition: Working Paper 01-083, Harvard Business School, Postcommunist State Development” 2002. 02-01 Jeffrey Frankel and Andrew Rose, “An Alfaro, Laura, and Fabio Kanczuk. “Sovereign Debt Estimate of the Effect of Common with Adverse Selection: A Quantitative Currencies on Trade and Income” Approach.” Working Paper 02-082, Harvard 01-08 Monica Duffy Toft, “Indivisible Territory Business School, 2002. and Ethnic War” Alfaro, Laura. “Foreign Direct Investment.” Harvard Business School Note 703-018, Harvard Business WORKS BY CENTER AFFILIATES School, 2002. Principal publications for the 2001-2003 academic years. Alfaro, Laura, Debora Spar, and Faheen Alliboy. Abdelal, Rawi. National Purpose in the World Economy: “Botswana: A Diamond in the Rough.” Harvard Post-Soviet States in Comparative Perspective. Business School Case 703-027, Harvard Business Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2001. School, 2003. —. “Memories of Nations and States: Institutional Alfaro, Laura. “FDI and Growth: Does the Sector History and National Identity in Post-Soviet Matter?” Working Paper 03-021, Harvard Business Eurasia.” Nationalities Papers 30, no. 3 (2002): School, 2003. 403-34. Alfaro, Laura, Sebnem Kalemli-Ozcan, and Vadym —. “The Politics of Monetary Leadership and Volosovych. “Why Capital Doesn’t Flow from Rich Followership: Stability in the European Monetary to Poor Countries? An Empirical Investigation.” System Since the Currency Crisis of 1992.” Working Paper 03-089, Harvard Business School, Political Studies 46, no. 2 (1998): 236-259. 2003. —. “Contested Currency: Russia’s Ruble in Domestic Barro, Robert J., and Xavier Sala-i-Martin. Economic and International Politics.” Journal of Communist Growth, 2nd ed. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2003. Studies and Transition Politics 19, no. 2 (June Barro, Robert J. Nothing is Sacred: Economic Ideas for 2003): 55-76. the New Millennium. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, —. “Nation and Economy After Empire: 1920s Eastern 2002. Europe, 1950s Indonesia, 1960s West Africa, 1990s —. “South Korea: How to Keep the Miracle Going.” Eurasia.” Working Paper 01-089, Harvard Business Business Week, June 9, 2003, 28. School, 2001. —. “Have No Fear: Bush’s Tax Plan Won’t Jack Up —. “National Strategy and National Money: Politics Interest Rates.” Business Week, May 5, 2003, 24. and the End of the Ruble Zone, 1991-94.” In — “A Democratic Iraq Isn’t An Impossible Dream.” Monetary Orders, edited by Jonathan Kirshner. Business Week, March 31, 2003, 28. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2003. Bates, Robert H. States and Markets in Tropical Africa: —. “Purpose and Privation: Nation and Economy in The Political Basis of Agricultural Policy.Berkeley Post-Habsburg Eastern Europe and Post-Soviet and Los Angeles: University of California Press, Eurasia.” East European Politics and Societies 16, Series on Social Choice and Political Economy, no. 3 (Fall 2002): 898-933. 1981. (Chinese edition). Aghion, Philippe, R. Frydman, J. Stiglitz, and M. —. “Area Studies and the Discipline: A Useful Woodford, eds. Knowledge, Information, and Controversy?,” In Changing Perspectives on Expectations in Modern Macroeconomics: In Honor International Education, edited by Patrick of Edmund S. Phelps. Princeton, NJ: Princeton O’Meara, Howard Mehlinger, and Roxana Ma University Press, 2003. Newman. Bloomington and Indianapolis: Indiana Alesina, Alberto, Enrico Spolaore. The Size of Nations. University Press, 2001. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2003. —. “Institutions and Development.” In Report of the Alesina, Alberto, Arnaud Devleeschauwer, William Proceedings, The First ICO World Coffee Easterly, Sergio Kurlat, and Romain Wacziarg. Conference. London: International Coffee “Fractionalization.” Journal of Economic Growth 8, Organization, 2001. no. 2 (June 2003): 155-194.

ANNUAL REPORT 2001/2002 79 Bates, Robert H., and Eliana La Ferrara. “Political —. “Research Systems for a Transition Toward Competition in Weak States.” Economics and Sustainability.” Gaia 10, no. 4 (2001): 264-266. Politics 13, no. 2 (2001): 159-184. Clark, William C., and Nancy Dickson. “Sustainability Bates, Robert H., and Irene Yackolev. “Ethnicity in Science: The Emerging Research Program.” Africa.” In The Role of Social Capital in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Development: An Empirical Assessment, edited by (PNAS), June 6, 2003. Christiaan Grootaert and Thierry van Bastelaer. http://www.pnas.org/cgi/doi/10.1073/pnas.123133 Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001. 3100 Bates, Robert H., Avner Greif, and Smita Singh. Clark, William C., Cash, David, Frank Alcock, Nancy “Organizing Violence.” Journal of Conflict M. Dickson, Noelle Eckley, David H.Guston, Jill Resolution (October 2002): 1-37. Jäger, and Ronald B. Mitchell. “Knowledge Systems Beckert, Sven. “Democracy and its Discontents: for Sustainable Development.” Proceedings of the Contesting Suffrage Rights in Gilded Age New National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), May 30, York.” Past & Present (February 2002): 114-155. 2003. http://www.pnas.org/cgi/doi/10.1073/pnas.123133 —. “Buergerliche Politik: New York im Neunzehnten 2100 Jahrhundert.” In Zeitenwenden—Herrschaft, Selbstbehauptung und Integration zwischen Clark, William C. “Research Systems for a Transition Reformation und Liberalismus, edited by Joerg Toward Sustainability.” In Challenges of a Deventer, et al. Hamburg: LIT, 2002. Changing Earth. Proceedings of the Global Change Open Science Conference, Amsterdam, Bellin, Eva. Stalled Democracy: Capital, Labor, and the NL, 10-13 July 2001, edited by W. Steffen, J. Jäger, Paradox of State-Sponsored Development. Ithaca: D. J. Carson, and C. Bradshaw. Berlin: Springer- Cornell University Press, 2002. Verlag, 2002. Bestor, Theodore C. “Supply-Side Sushi: Commodity, Clark, William, Ronald Mitchell, David Cash, and Market, and The Global City.” American Frank Alcock. “Information As Influence: How Anthropologist, 102, no. 1 (2001):76-95. Institutions Mediate the Impact of Scientific —. “Networks, Neighborhoods, and Markets: Field Assessments on Global Environmental Affairs.” Research in Tokyo.” In Urban Life: Readings in the Working Paper RWP02-044, Kennedy School of Anthropology of the City, 4th ed., edited by Government, Harvard University, 2002. Gmelch and Zenner. Prospect Heights: Waveland Clark, William C. “Science and Technology for Press, 2002. Sustainable Development.” Report from the —. “What Shape’s Your Seafood In? Trade and Food Synthesis Workshop on Science and Technology Culture in the Tsukiji Seafood Market.” Foods and for Sustainable Development, May 2002, Mexico Food Ingredients Journal of Japan, no.197 (2002): City. ICSU Series on Science for Sustainable 34-45. Development, no. 9. Paris: International Council Braumoeller, Bear F., and Brian J. Gaines. “Actions Do for Science, 2002. Speak Louder than Words: Deterring Plagiarism http://sustsci.harvard.edu/ists/synthesis02/output/ with the Use of Plagiarism-Detection Software.” ists_mexico_consensus.pdf PS: Political Science and Politics 34 (December Coatsworth, John H. “America and Latin America: 2001): 835-839. Time for a New Strategy.” Harvard Magazine 104, Braumoeller, Bear F., and Gary Goertz. “Watching Your no. 3 (January-February 2002): 25-7. Posterior: Bayes, Sampling Assumptions, —. “La independencia de Cuba en la historia de Falsification, and the Study of Necessary América Latina.” In Espacios, silencios y los sentidos Conditions.” Political Analysis 10, no. 2 (Spring de la libertad: Cuba entre 1878 y 1912, edited by 2002): 198-203. Fernando Martínez Heredia, Rebecca J. Scott, and —. “The Statistical Methodology of Necessary Orlando F. García Martínez. Havana: Unión de Conditions.” In Necessary Conditions: Theory, Escritores y Artistas de Cuba, 2001. Methodology, and Applications, edited by Gary —. “The State and Colonial Economic Activity.” In Goertz and Harvey Starr. Lanham, MD: Rowman General History of Latin America. Vol.4. Paris: & Littlefield, 2002: 205-232. UNESCO, 2002. —. “The Statistical Analysis of Necessary Conditions.” —. “Commentary.” In Latinos Remaking America, In Necessary Conditions: Theory, Methodology, and edited by Marcelo Suárez-Orozco and Mariela M. Applications, edited by Gary Goertz and Harvey Páez. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of Starr. New York: Rowman & Littlefield, 2002. California Press, 2002. Bok, Derek C. Universities in the Marketplace: The —. “Commentary on Sylvia Schmelkes, ‘Education and Commercialization of Higher Education. Princeton, Indian Peoples in Mexico: An Example of Policy NJ: Princeton University Press, 2003. Failure’.” In Unequal Schools, Unequal Chances: Bose, Sugata. “Post-Colonial Histories of South Asia: The Challenges of Equal Opportunity in the Some Reflections.” Journal of Contemporary Americas, edited by Fernando Reimers. History 38, no. 1 (January 2003): 133-146. Cambridge, MA: David Rockefeller Center for Latin American Studies, Harvard University, 2001. Bose, Sugata, Netaji Subhas and Chandra Bose, eds. Azad Hind: Collected Works. Vol. 11, 1941-43. Coatsworth, John H., and Rafael Hernandez, eds. Calcutta: Netaji Research Bureau, 2002. Culturas Encontradas: Cuba y los Estados Unidos. Havana: Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo de Clark, William C. “Social Learning.” In Encyclopedia of la Cultura Cubana Juan Marinello, 2001. Global Change, edited by Andrew S. Goudie. New York: Oxford University Press, 2002. Coatsworth, John H., and Jeffrey G. Williamson. “The —. “Effects of the War with Iraq.” Yomiuri Shimbun, Roots of Latin American Protectionism: Looking March 21, 2003. Before the Great Depression.” Working Paper —. Restoring G-8 Leadership of the World Economy: w8999, National Bureau of Economic Research, Recommendations for the Evian Summit from the Cambridge, MA, June 2002. Shadow G-8. (coauthored as member of the Coatsworth, John H., and Gabriel Tortella Casares. shadow G-8), April 2003. “Institutions and Long-Run Economic —. “Chinese Military Power.” Independent Task Force, Performance in Mexico and Spain, 1800-2000.” sponsored by the Council on Foreign Relations, Working Paper 02/03-1, David Rockefeller Center April 2003. for Latin American Studies, Harvard University, 2002. Culpepper, Pepper D. “Associations and Non-Market Coordination in Banking: France and Eastern Cogan, Charles G. “Considérations transatlantiques.” Germany Compared.” European Journal of Défense 103 (January-February 2003). Industrial Relations 8, no. 2 (2002): 217-235. —. “Desert One and its Disorders.” Journal of Military —. “Employers’ Associations, Public Policy, and the History 67, no. 1 (January 2003). Politics of Decentralized Cooperation in Germany —. “La Grande Nation.” Défense 104 (March-April and France.” In Varieties of Capitalism: The 2003). Institutional Foundations of Comparative —. “A Response to Michael Creswell and Marc Advantage, edited by Peter A. Hall and David Trachtenberg.” Journal of Cold War Studies 5, no. 3 Soskice. New York: Oxford University Press, 2001. (Summer 2003): 29-32. —. Creating Cooperation: How States Develop Human —. Review of France Restored: Cold War Diplomacy and Capital in Europe. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, the Quest for Leadership in Europe 1944-1954,by 2003. William I. Hitchcock. Journal of Cold War Studies —. “Puzzling, Powering, and ‘Pacting’: The 4, no. 4 (Fall 2002). Informational Logic of Negotiated Reforms.” —. Review of The French Defense Debate: Consensus Journal of European Public Policy 9, no. 5 (October and Continuity in the Mitterand Era, by R.E. Utley. 2002): 774-790. Journal of Cold War Studies 4, no. 1 (Winter —. “Institutional Rules, Social Capacity, and the Stuff 2002). of Politics: Experiments in Collaborative Cooper, Richard N. “Growth and Inequality: the Role Governance in France and Italy.” Working Paper of Foreign Trade and Investment.” Paper RWP 03-029, John F. Kennedy School of presented at the Annual World Bank Conference Government Research Working Paper Series, June on Development Economics, Washington, DC: 2003. World Bank, 2002. Desai, Mihir Arvind, C. Fritz Foley, and James R. Hines —. “The Kyoto Protocol: A Flawed Concept.” Jr. “Chains of Ownership, Regional Tax Environmental Law Reporter (December 2001). Competition and Foreign Direct Investment.” In Foreign Direct Investment in the Real and Financial —. “Financing International Public Goods: Historical Sector of Industrial Countries, edited by Heinz Overview and New Challenges.” In Global Public Herrmann and Robert Lipsey. Heidelberg: Policies and Programs, edited by Christopher D. Springer Verlag, 2003. Gerrard, Marco Ferroni, and Ashoka Mody. Washington, DC: World Bank, 2001. Domínguez, Jorge I., and Rafael Fernández de Castro. The United States and Mexico: Between Partnership —. “The Double Dividend of Emissions Taxes: and Conflict. New York: Routledge, 2001. Also Greenhouse Gas Reductions and Revenue.” In published as ¿Socios o adversarios? México-Estados Global Public Goods Financing, edited by I. Kaul, Unidos Hoy. Mexico: Editorial Oceano, 2001. K. Goulven, and M. Schnupf. New York: UNDP, 2002. —, Domínguez, Jorge I., ed. Mexico, Central, and South America: New Perspectives. 5 vols. New York: Cooper, Richard N., and Jane Sneddon Little. “U.S. Routledge, 2001. Monetary Policy in an Integrating World: 1960 to 2000.” In The Evolution of Monetary Policy and the —. “Territorial and Boundary Disputes in Latin Federal Reserve System Over the Past Thirty Years, America and the Caribbean.” Pensamiento propio edited by Richard W. Kopcke and Lynn Elaine 14 (July-December 2001): 5-30. Browne. New England Economic Review,no.3 —. “Cuban Foreign Policy and the International (2001). System.” In Latin America in the New International Cooper, Richard N., and Richard Layard, eds. What the System, edited by Joseph S. Tulchin and Ralph H. Future Holds: Insights from Social Science. Espach. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner, 2001. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2002. —. “Cuba y la eterna guerra fría.” Foreign Affairs en Cooper, Richard N. “Economic Impact of Demographic español 1, no. 3 (Fall-Winter 2001): 29-33. Change: A Case for More Immigration.” Seismic —. “México en 2000.” In Anuario internacional CIDOB Shifts: the Economic Impact of Demographic 2000: Claves para interpretar la política exterior de Change, edited by Jane S. Little and Robert K. España y las relaciones internacionales en 2000 Triest. Boston: Federal Reserve Bank of Boston, (Barcelona: 2001): 259-269. 2002. Domínguez, Jorge I., and Michael Shifter, eds. —. “Chapter 11 for Countries?” Foreign Affairs 81 Constructing Democratic Governance in Latin (July/August 2002): 90-103. America, 2nd ed. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins —. “China’s Economic and Budget Prospects.” Hearings University Press, 2003. Held Before the U.S., China Security Review Commission. Washington: Government Printing Office, 2002.

ANNUAL REPORT 2001/2002 81 Domínguez, Jorge I. “Government and Politics.” In Frankel, Jeffrey, and Andrew Rose. “The Endogeneity of Cuba: A Country Study (Area Handbook Series), the Optimum Currency Area Criterion.” In The edited by Rex A. Hudson. Washington: U.S. Political Economy of Monetary Union, Government Printing Office, 2002. International Library of Critical Writings in —. “Las ciencias políticas: reflexiones sobre estudios de Economics, edited by P. De Grauwe. Cheltenham, opinion pública y economía política.” Temas 29 UK: Edward Elgar Publishing, 2001. (April-June 2002). —. “An Estimate of the Effect of Common Currencies —. “Más de treinta Jefes y ex Jefes de Estado y de on Trade and Income.” Quarterly Journal of Gobierno y un centenar de expertos se reunieron Economics CXVII, no. 2 (May 2002): 437-466. en Madrid.” El País, November 23, 2002: 3. Frankel, Jeffrey, Eduardo Fajnzylber, Sergio Schmukler, —. “APOYO.” In Los próximos/primeros 25 años (Lima: and Luis Servén. “Verifying Exchange Rate Grupo APOYO, 2002): 25. Regimes.” Journal of Development Economics 66, no. 809 (October 2001): 351-386. Domínguez, Jorge I., and Steven Levitsky. “Peron, Pinochet, and Patience,” The New York Times, Frankel, Jeffrey, and Michael Dooley. Managing January 26, 2003. Currency Crises in Emerging Markets. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2003. Ekiert, Grzegorz. “Strengthening of Political and Social Pluralism and of Political Parties.” In Conference Frankel, Jeffrey, and Sebastian Edwards. Preventing on Democratic Transition and Consolidation. Currency Crises in Emerging Markets. Chicago: Madrid: Siddharth Mehta Ediciones (2002): University of Chicago Press, 2002. 107-122. Frankel, Jeffrey. “A Proposal to Anchor Monetary Policy Ekiert, Grzegorz, and Jan Kubik. “Response to Mark by the Price of the Export Commodity.” Journal of Kramer.” Communist and Post-Communist Studies Economic Integration 17, no. 3 (September 2002): 35, no. 2 (2002): 220-228. 417-448. Estévez-Abe, Margarita. “Rethinking Welfare —. “Should Gold-Exporters Peg Their Currencies to Capitalism: Welfare-Finance Linkage in Japan.” In Gold?” Research Study, no. 29, World Gold The Varieties of Welfare Capitalism: Social Policy Council, London, 2002. and Political Economy in Europe, Japan and the Frankel, Jeffrey, and Nouriel Roubini. “The Role of U.S.A., edited by Philip Manow and Bernhard Industrial Country Policies in Emerging Market Ebbinghaus. London: Routledge, 2001. Crises.” In Economic and Financial Crises in —. “Negotiating Welfare Reform: Actors and Emerging Market Economies, edited by Martin Institutions in the Japanese Welfare State.” In Feldstein. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, Restructuring the Welfare State: Political 2003. Institutions and Policy Change, edited by Bo Frieden, Jeffry. “Inequality: Causes and Possible Rothstein and Sven Steinmo. New York: Palgrave, Futures.” Hagar: International Social Science 2002. Review 2, no. 1 (2001). Margarita Estévez-Abe, Torben Iversen, and David Frieden, Jeffry and J. Lawrence Broz. “The Political Soskice. “Social Protection and the Formation of Economy of International Monetary Relations.” Skills: A Reinterpretation of the Welfare State.” In Annual Review of Political Science 4 (2001). Varieties of Capitalism: The Institutional Frieden, Jeffry. “Sectoral Interests and European Foundations of Comparative Advantage, edited by Monetary Integration: An Empirical Assessment.” Peter Hall and David Soskice. New York: Oxford International Organization 56, no. 4 (Autumn University Press, 2001. 2002): 831-860. Frank, David John. “The Origins Question: Building —. “The Political Economy of Dollarization: Domestic Institutions to Protect Nature.” In and International Factors.” In Dollarization,edited Organizations, Policy and the Natural by Eduardo Levy-Yeyati and Federico Environment: Institutional and Strategic Sturzenegger. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2002. Perspectives, edited by A. Hoffman and M.J. Ventresca. Stanford: Stanford University Frieden, Jeffry, and Lisa Martin. “International Political Press, 2002. Economy: Global and Domestic Interactions.” In Political Science: State of the Discipline, edited by Frank, David John, and John W. Meyer. “The Profusion Ira Katznelson and Helen V. Milner. New York: of Individual Roles and Identities in the Post-War Norton, 2002: 118-146. Period.” Sociological Theory, no. 20 (2002): 86-105. Friedman, Benjamin M. “Monetary Policy.” Frankel, Jeffrey, Richard Caves, and Ronald Jones. International Encyclopedia of the Social and World Trade and Payments: An Introduction. Behavioral Sciences. Oxford: Elsevier Science Boston: Addison Wesley Longman, 2002. Limited, 2001. Frankel, Jeffrey, and Peter Orszag, eds. American —. “Threats to the Future Effectivness of Monetary Economic Policy in the 1990s. Cambridge, MA: Policy.” In What the Future Holds: Insights from MIT Press, 2002. Social Science, edited by Richard N. Cooper and Frankel, Jeffrey. “Assessing the Efficiency Gain from Richard Layard. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, Further Liberalization.” In Efficiency, Equity and 2003. Legitimacy: The Multilateral Trading System at the Go, Julian. “A Globalizing Constitutionalism? Views Millennium, in honor of Raymond Vernon,edited from the Postcolony, 1945-2000.” International by R. Porter, P. Sauve, A. Subramanian, and A. Sociology 18, no. 1 (2003). Zampetti. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press, 2001. —. “Modeling the State: Postcolonial Constitutions in Africa and Asia.” Southeast Asian Studies 39, no. 4 (2002). Go, Julian, and Anne Foster, eds. The American Colonial —. “The Limits of Loyalty.” Foreign Policy State in the Philippines: Global Perspectives. (September/October 2002): 38-39. Durham: Duke University Press, 2003. —. “The New National Security Strategy.” America 188, Greenhill, Kelly M. “Engineered Migration and the Use April 7, 2003: 8-13. of Refugees as Political Weapons: A Case Study of Helmke, Gretchen. “Checks and Balances By Other the 1994 Cuban Balseros Crisis.” International Means: Strategic Defection and Argentina’s Migration 40, no. 4 (Fall 2002). Supreme Court in the 1990s.” Comparative Politics —. “Extortive Engineered Migration: Asymmetric 35, no.2 (January 2003): 213-229. Weapon of the Weak.” Conflict, Security and —. “Enduring Uncertainty: Court-Executive Relations Development 2, no. 3 (Winter 2002). in Argentina in the 1990s and Beyond.” Paper —. “The Use of Refugees as Political and Military presented at the Conference on Rethinking Dual Weapons in the Kosovo Conflict.” In Yugoslavia Transitions: Argentine Politics in the 1990s in Unraveled: Sovereignty, Self-Determination, and Comparative Perspective, Cambridge, MA, March, Intervention, edited by Raju G.C. Thomas. 2003. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 2003. Helmke, Gretchen and Steven Levitsky. “Informal Hall, Peter A. “The Evolution of Economic Policy.” In Institutions and Comparative Politics.” Paper Developments in French Politics II, edited by Peter presented at the annual meeting of the American A. Hall, Alain Guyomarch, Jack Hayward, and Political Science Association, Boston, MA, Howard Machin. London: Palgrave, 2001. September 2002. Hall, Peter A., and John Keeler. “Interest Representation —. “Informal Institutions and Comparative Politics.” and the Politics of Protest.” In Developments in Paper presented at the conference on Informal French Politics II, edited by Alain Guyomarch, Jack Institutions in Latin America, University of Notre Hayward, and Howard Machin. London: Palgrave, Dame, Notre Dame, IN, April 2003. 2001. Helmke, Gretchen. “Modeling Motivations: A Game Hall, Peter A., and David Soskice, eds. Varieties of Theoretic Approach to the Argentine Supreme Capitalism: The Institutional Foundations of Court.” Paper presented at the annual meeting of Comparative Advantage. Oxford: Oxford the American Political Science Association, University Press, 2001. Boston, MA, September 2002. Hall, Peter A., Alain Guyomarch, Jack Hayward, and Helpman, Elhanan, and Gene Grossman. Interest Howard Machin, eds. Developments in French Groups and Trade Policy. Princeton, NJ: Princeton Politics II. London: Palgrave, 2001. University Press, 2002. Hall, Peter A. “Aligning Ontology and Methodology in Herrera, Yoshiko M. “Attempts under Putin to Create a Comparative Research.” In Comparative Historical Unified Economic Space in Russia.” Program on Analysis: New Approaches and Methods, edited by New Approaches to Russian Security, Policy James Mahoney and Dietrich Rueschemeyer. New Memo #231, January, 2002. York: Cambridge University Press, 2003: 373-406. —. “Why Russia Can’t Seem to Reform.” Orbis 46, no.1 —. “Institutions and the Evolution of European (Winter 2002). Democracy.” In Governing Europe, edited by Jack —. Review of Russia’s Stillborn Democracy? From Hayward and Anand Menon. Oxford: Oxford Gorbachev to Yeltsin, by Graeme Gill and Roger D. University Press, 2003. Markwick. Journal of Cold War Studies 4, no. 3 —. “Great Britain: The Role of Government and the (Summer 2002). Distribution of Social Capital.” In Democracies in —. “Russian Economic Reform 1991-1998.” In Flux: The Evolution of Social Capital in Challenges To Democratic Transition In Russia, Contemporary Societies, edited by Robert D. edited by Zoltan Barany and Robert Moser. New Putnam. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002. York: Cambridge University Press, 2001. —. “Globalization and Economic Adjustment in Heymann, Philip B. Terrorism, Freedom and Security: Germany.” In Advancing Socio-Economics: An Winning Without War. Cambridge, MA: MIT Institutionalist Perspective, edited by J. Rogers Press, 2003. Hollingsworth, Karl H. Muller and Ellen Jane Hollingsworth. Latham, MD: Rowman and Hiscox, Michael J. International Trade and Political Littlefield, 2002. Conflict: Commerce, Coalitions, and Mobility. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2001. —. “The Comparative Political Economy of the ‘Third Way’.” In The Third Way Transformation of Social —. “Factor Specificity, Inter-industry Mobility, and Democracy, edited by Oliver Schmidtke. Technological Change: Evidence from Burlington, VT: Ashgate 2002. Manufacturing Wages and Profits in the U.S. between 1820 and 1990.” Journal of Economic Hehir, J. Bryan. “The Moral Measurement of War: A History 62, 2 (June 2002). Tradition of Change and Continuity.” In The Sacred and the Sovereign: Religion and —. “Commerce, Coalitions, and Factor Mobility: International Politics, edited by John D. Carlson Evidence from Congressional Votes on Trade and Erik C. Owens. Washington, DC: Georgetown Legislation.” American Political Science Review 96, University Press, 2003. no. 3 (September 2002): 593-608. —. “A Catholic Troeltsch? Curran on the Social Ho, Engseng. “Names Beyond Nations: The Making of Ministry of the Church.” In A Call to Fidelity: On Local Cosmopolitans.” Études Rurales, no. 163-4 the Moral Theology of Charles E. Curran, edited by (July-Dec. 2002): 215-232. James J. Walter, Timothy E. O’Connell and Thomas A Shannon. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press, 2002.

ANNUAL REPORT 2001/2002 83 —. “Before Parochialization: Diasporic Arabs Cast in Huntington, Samuel P. “Japan’s Role in Global Creole Waters.” In Transcending Borders: Arabs, Politics,” International Relations of the Asia- Politics, Trade and Islam in Southeast Asia,edited Pacific, 1 (2001). by Huub de Jonge and Nico Kaptein. Leiden: —. Japan’s Choice in the 21st Century. Seoul: Gimm KITLV Press, 2002. Publishers, 2001. (Korean edition). —. “The View from the Other Boat.” Paper presented at —. The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World workshop: The Mediterranean, Schumann Centre Order. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1996. for Advanced Studies, European University (Romanian, Belgian, Italian , Turkish, Urdu and Institute, Florence, Italy, March, 2003. Hebrew editions). —. “Arenas for a Transnational Anthropology of Huntington, Samuel P., and Peter L. Berger, eds. Many Islamic Authority.” Paper presented in absentia at Globalizations: Cultural Diversity in the SSRC workshop on Global Production of Islamic Contemporary World. Oxford: Oxford University Knowledge and Authority, Cairo, March, 2003. Press, 2002. (Chinese, French, and Spanish —. “Empire through Diasporic Eyes.” Paper presented editions). at workshop: The Migrations of Threat: National Huntington, Samuel P., and Larry Harrison, eds. Security After September 11th. SSRC Global Culture Matters: How Values Shape Human Security and Co-operation Program, Washington Progress. New York: Basic Books, 2000. DC, November 2002. (Portuguese and German editions). Hochschild, Jennifer L. “The American Dream and Huntington, Samuel P. The Big Picture. Tokyo: Public Education.” Dissent (Fall 2001). Diamond, 2002. (Japanese edition). —. “Where You Stand Depends on What You See: Hymans, Jacques E. C. “Why Are There So Many Euro- Connections Among Values, Perceptions of Fact, Skeptics? 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(Japanese and Swedish editions). Barcelona: Rodrik, Dani. “Feasible Globalizations.” Working Paper Galaxia Gutenberg, 2002. (Spanish edition). 9129, National Bureau of Economic Research, Putnam, Robert D., and Amy Caiazza. “Women’s Status August 2002. and Social Capital Across the States.” Briefing Rodrik, Dani, Margaret McMillan, and Karen Horn Paper, Institute for Women’s Policy Research, Welch. “When Economic Reform Goes Wrong: Washington, DC, July 2002. Cashews in Mozambique.” Working Paper 9117, Putnam, Robert D., and Tom Sander. “American Civic National Bureau of Economic Research, August Life after September 11th.” Hankookibo-Korea 2002. Times, August 6, 2002. Rodrik, Dani, and Sharun Mukand. “In Search of the Putnam, Robert D., ed. Democracies in Flux: The Holy Grail: Policy Convergence, Experimentation, Evolution of Social Capital in Contemporary and Economic Performance.” Working Paper Society. 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Africa: The Role of Price Stability and Currency Instability.” In Annual World Bank Conference on Reich, Michael R. “The Politics of Reforming Health Development Economics 2002: The New Reform Policies.” Promotion & Education 9 (2002): 138-142. Agenda, edited by Boris Pleskovic and Nicholas —. “Reshaping the State From Above, From Within, Stern. Washington, DC: World Bank, 2002. From Below: Implications for Public Health.” Social Science & Medicine 54 (2002): 1669-1675.

ANNUAL REPORT 2001/2002 89 Schulte, Paul. “Iraq Inspection Crisis Reveals Gaps in Spar, Debora L., Bhavesh Patel and Allison Morhaim. Harvard’s Accounting: Findings of an Intrusive “WorldSpace: Digital Radio for the Developing European Securicrat.” Centerpiece 17, no. 1 World.” Case N9-702-034, Harvard Business (Winter 2003). School, 2002. Shaw, Helen. “The Iraq War was a Ratings War for the Spar, Debora L., and Nick Bartlett. “Life, Death and U.S. TV Giants: Serious Journalism was its Main Property Rights: The Pharmaceutical Industry Casualty.” The Irish Times, May 14, 2003. Faces AIDS in Africa.” Case N9-702-049, Harvard Shepsle, Kenneth A., Theodore J. Lowi and Benjamin Business School, 2002. Ginsberg. American Government, 7th ed. New Spar, Debora L., and James Dail. “Of Measurement and York: Norton, 2002. Mission: Accounting for Performance in Non- Shepsle, Kenneth A. “Assessing Comparative Legislative Governmental Organizations.” Chicago Journal of Research.” In Legislatures, edited by G. International Law 3, no. 1 (Spring 2002). Loewenberg, P. Squire, and R. Kiewiet. Ann Arbor: Spar, Debora L., and Rawi Abdelal. “Remaking the University of Michigan Press, 2002. Rainbow Nation: South Africa 2002.” Case N9- —. “Losers in Politics (and How They Sometimes 702-035, Harvard Business School, 2002. Become Winners): William Riker’s Heresthetic.” Spar, Debora L. Managing International Trade and Perspectives on Politics 1 (June 2003). Investment: Case Book. London: Imperial College Skocpol, Theda, and Jocelyn Elise Crowley. “The Rush Press, 2003. to Organize: Explaining Associational Formation Spar, Debora L., and Lane T. La Mure. “The Power of in the United States, 1860s–1920s.” American Activism: Assessing the Impact of NGOs on Journal of Political Science 45, no. 4 (October Global Business.” California Management Review 2001): 813-829. 45, no. 3 (Spring 2003). Skocpol, Theda. “Working Families: The Centerpiece Stanley-Mitchell, Elizabeth A. “No Peace without for Reform.” In The Next Agenda: Blueprint For A Surrender.” New York Times, April 8, 2003. New Progressive Movement, edited by Robert —. “Seeking a Voice for the Surrender of Iraq.” Borosage and Roger Hickey. Boulder, CO: International Herald Tribune, April 9, 2003. Westview Press, 2001. Szporluk, Roman, ed. Imperium, komunizm i narody: Skocpol, Theda, Ziad Munson, Andrew Karch, and wybor esejow. Translated by Szymon Czarnik and Bayliss Camp. “Patriotic Partnerships: Why Great Andrzej Nowak. Krakow: Wydawnictwo Arcana, Wars Nourished American Civic Voluntarism.” In 2003. Shaped by War and Trade: International Influences on American Political Development, edited by Ira Szporluk, Roman. “Warum die Ukrainer Ukrainer Katznelson and Martin Shefter. Princeton, NJ: sind?” [Why the Ukrainians are Ukrainians?] Princeton University Press, 2002. Transit, no. 23 (Winter 2002). Skocpol, Theda. Diminished Democracy: From Toft, Monica Duffy. The Geography of Ethnic Violence: Membership to Management in American Civic Identity, Interests, and the Indivisibility of Territory. Life. (Rothbaum Series). Norman, OK: University Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2003. of Oklahoma Press, 2003. —. “Differential Demographic Growth in Multinational —. “Will 9/11 and the War on Terror Revitalize States: The Case of Israel’s Two-Front War.” Review American Civic Democracy?” PS: Political Science of International Affairs 56, no. 1 (Fall 2002). & Politics 35, no. 3 (September 2002): 537-40. —. “Geographic Concentration and Ethnic War.” —. “Doubly Engaged Social Science: The Promise of Security Studies 14 (Winter 2002-Spring 2003). Comparative Historical Analysis.” In Comparative Trowbridge, Shannon O’Neil. “Pension Reform in Latin Historical Analysis in the Social Sciences, edited by America: Evaluating Causes and Effects.” Paper James Mahoney and Dietrich Rueschemeyer. presented at the Latin American Studies Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003. Association, Philadelphia, March, 2003. —. “United States: From Membership to Advocacy.” In —. “Asset Specificity and Institutional Development.” Democracies in Flux: The Evolution of Social Paper presented at the American Political Science Capital in Contemporary Society, edited by Robert Association, Boston, September, 2002. D. Putnam. New York: Oxford University Press, Walt, Stephen M. “American Primacy: Its Prospects and 2002. Pitfalls.” Naval War College Review 55, no. 2 Skocpol, Theda, and Paul Pierson. “Historical (Spring 2002): 9-28. Institutionalism in Contemporary Political —. “Beyond bin Laden: Reshaping U.S. Foreign Policy.” Science.” In Political Science: State of the Discipline, International Security 26, no. 3 (Winter 2001- edited by Ira Katznelson and Helen V. Milner. 2002): 56-78. New York: Norton, 2002. —. “Mantener al mundo ‘fuera de balance”: el Spar, Debora L. “Trusting Microsoft: Private Standards autocontrol y la politica exterior de Estados and the Evolution of Antitrust.” In Die Soziale Unidos.” Politica y gobierno 9, no. 1 (2002): 51-94. Marktwirtschaft in der neuen Weltwirtschaft,edited —. “The Enduring Relevance of the Realist Tradition.” by Lars-Hendrik Roller and Christian Wey. In Political Science: State of the Discipline III, Edition Sigma, 2001. edited by Ira Katznelson and Helen Milner. New —. “National Policies and Domestic Politics.” In The York: Norton, 2002. Oxford Handbook of International Business,edited —. “Fragile: Package With Care.” The Boston Globe, by Alan M. Rugman and Thomas L. Brewer. September 30, 2001. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001. Walt, Stephen, and John J. Mearsheimer. “An Unnecessary War” Foreign Policy 133 (January/February 2003). Walt, Stephen. “Keeping the World Off-Balance: Self- Restraint and U.S. Foreign Policy.” In America Unrivaled: The Future of the Balance of Power, edited by G. John Ikenberry. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2002. Warren, Kay, and Jean Jackson, eds. Indigenous Movements, Self-Representation, and the State. Austin: University of Texas Press, 2002. Warren, Kay, Carol Greenhouse, and Beth Mertz, eds. Ethnography in Unstable Places: Everyday Life in Contexts of Dramatic Political Change. Durham: Duke University Press, 2002. Warren, Kay. “Culture, Violence, and Ethnic Nationalism: Weighing Alternative Strategies of Explanation and Media Representation.” In The State, Identity, and Violence: Political Disintegration in the Post-Cold War World,edited by R. Brian Ferguson. Routledge: London and New York, 2002. Warren, Kay, and Jean Jackson. “Introduction: Theory and Politics in the Study of Indigenous Movements.” In Indigenous Movements, Self- Representation, and the State, edited by Kay B. Warren and Jean Jackson. Austin: University of Texas Press, 2002. Warren, Kay. “Voting Against Indigenous Rights in Guatemala: Lessons from the 1999 Referendum.” In Indigenous Movements, Self-Representation, and the State, edited by Kay B. Warren and Jean E. Jackson. Austin: University of Texas Press, 2002. —. “Epilogue: Toward an Anthropology of Fragments, Instabilities, and Incomplete Transitions.” In Ethnography in Unstable Places: Everyday Life in Contexts of Dramatic Political Change, edited by Carol Greenhouse, Beth Mertz, and Kay B. Warren. Durham: Duke University Press, 2002. —. “Introduction: Rethinking Bi-polar Constructions of Ethnicity.” Journal of Latin American Anthropology 6, no.1 (2002): 90-105. Watson, James. Encyclopedia Britannica, 15th ed., s.v. “Globalization and Culture.”

ANNUAL REPORT 2001/2002 91 ADMINISTRATION 2001–2002 Visiting Committee Susanne Hoeber Rudolph Alan G. Quasha William Benton Distinguished Service Professor of (Chairman) president, Quadrant Management, Inc. Political Science, Department of Political Science, University of Chicago Frank Boas Attorney Adele S. Simmons Senior Research Associate, Center for International A. Kim Campbell Studies, University of Chicago Chair, Council of Women World Leaders, John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University Beth A. Simmons Associate Professor of Political Science, University of Gurcharan Das California at Berkeley Chairman of the Board, Citibank–India C. Dixon Spangler, Jr. Michael W. Doyle President Emeritus, The University of North Carolina, Edward S. Sanford Professor of Politics and Charlotte, North Carolina International Affairs, Princeton University Albert J. Weatherhead III Donald J. Gogel President, Weatherhead Industries Co-President, Clayton, Dublier & Rice, Inc. Celia Weatherhead Helga Haftendorn Vice President, Weatherhead Foundation University Professor, Freie Universitat Berlin Diego Hildalgo 2001–02 Executive Committee President, FRIDE The Executive Committee provides overall policy Robert Jervis guidance to the Center and is a forum for scholarly Adlai E. Stephenson Professor of International exchange among its members. Relations Institute of War and Peace Studies, Columbia Jorge I. Domínguez University Director, Weatherhead Center for International Affairs, Karl Kaiser Clarence Dillon Professor of International Affairs and Otto-Wolff-Direktor, Forschungsintitut der Deutschen Harvard College Professor Gesellschaft für Auswärtige Politik e.V. Cemil Aydin Pierre Keller Graduate Student Representative Former partner, Lombard Odier & Cie. Robert H. Bates Robert O. Keohane Eaton Professor of the Science of Government James B. Duke Professor of Political Science Duke William C. Clark University Harvey Brooks Professor of International Science, Ira Kukin Public Policy, and Human Development Chairman of the Board, Apollo Technologies John H. Coatsworth International Corporation Munroe Gutman Professor of Latin American Affairs, Yukio Matsuyama Director, David Rockefeller Center for Latin American Honorary chairperson, Editorial Board, The Asahi Studies Shimbum James A. Cooney David E. Moore Executive Director, Weatherhead Center for Chairman and Editorial Director, International Business International Affairs, Director, McCloy German Magazine Scholars Program Hassen Nemazee Richard N. Cooper Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Nemazee Maurits C. Boas Professor of International Economics Capitol Corporation Jeffry Frieden Pedro J. Pick Stanfield Professor of International Peace Member of the supervisory board, Patria Finance, a.s. Peter A. Hall Emma Rothschild Director, Minda de Gunzburg Center for European Director, Centre for History and Economics, King’s Studies, Frank G. Thomson Professor of Government, College and Harvard College Professor J. Bryan Hehir Professor of the Practice in Religion and Society, Chair, Executive Committee, Harvard Divinity School Sociology Stanley H. Hoffmann Anne-Marie Slaughter Paul and Catherine Buttenwieser University Professor J. Sinclair Armstrong Professor of International, Samuel P. Huntington Foreign, and Comparative Law, Co-Director, Graduate Albert J. Weatherhead III University Professor, Director, and International Legal Studies Harvard Academy for International and Area Studies, Debora Spar Weatherhead Center for International Affairs Professor of Business Administration Alastair Iain Johnston Wendy E.F. Torrance Governor James Albert Noe and Linda and Christel Assistant Dean of Freshmen, Director, Undergraduate Noe Laine Kelley Professor of China Program Devesh Kapur Stephen M. Walt Associate Professor of Government, Director, Graduate Belfer Professor of International Politics at the John F. Student Program Kennedy School of Government Herbert C. Kelman Staff Richard Clarke Cabot Professor of Social Ethics; Director, Program on International Conflict Analysis David Atkinson and Resolution, Weatherhead Center for International Staff Assistant to the Executive Director Affairs Beth Baiter William C. Kirby Staff Assistant to Professor Huntington and the Edith and Benjamin Geisinger Professor of History, Harvard Academy Director, Asia Center Steven B. Bloomfield Charles S. Maier Director of Public Information Krupp Foundation Professor of European Studies Douglas Bond Lisa Martin Associate Director, Program on Nonviolent Sanctions Professor of Government and Cultural Survival David Maybury-Lewis Wanthani Briggs Professor of Anthropology, Director, Program on Staff Assistant Nonviolent Sanctions and Cultural Survival, Helen Clayton Weatherhead Center for International Affairs Program Coordinator, Canada Seminar and staff Kathleen Molony assistant to Professor Cooper Director, Fellows Program, Weatherhead Center for James Clem International Affairs Executive Officer, Harvard Academy for International Joseph S. Nye, Jr. and Area Studies Don K. Price Professor of Public Policy, Dean, Kennedy Jim Cooney School of Government Executive Director Susan J. Pharr Amy Demarest Edwin O. Reischauer Professor of Japanese Politics; Program Coordinator, Program on U.S.–Japan Director, Program on U.S.–Japan Relations, Relations Weatherhead Center for International Affairs Hugh Doherty Robert D. Putnam Staff Assistant, Financial Office The Peter and Isabel Malkin Professor of Public Policy; Maura Dowling Director, Saguaro Seminar Administrative Officer Dani Rodrik Jeana Flahive Rafiq Hariri Professor of International Political Program Officer, Administration Economy at the John F. Kennedy School Government Amanda Flohr Stephen P. Rosen Staff Assistant to Professor Kelman, Program Beton Michael Kaneb Professor of National Security Coordinator, Program on Nonviolent Sanctions and and Military Affairs; Director, John M. Olin Institute Cultural Survival for Strategic Studies, Weatherhead Center for Katie Gallagher International Affairs Research Assistant, John M. Olin Institute for Strategic Theda Skocpol Studies Victor S. Thomas Professor of Government and

ANNUAL REPORT 2001/2002 93 Nadine Gerstler-Lopes Program Coordinator, John M. Olin Institute for Staff Assistant Strategic Studies Donald Halstead Rebecca L. Webb Consulting Editor, Fellows Program Managing Editor, International Organization Donna Hicks Deputy Director, Program on International Conflict Analysis and Resolution Kathleen Hoover Staff Assistant to the Director Ethan Kiczek Manager of Information Technology John Kuczwara Staff Assistant, Program on U.S.–Japan Relations Susan Leary Program Coordinator, Fellows Program Ursula Leitzmann Staff Assistant, Program on International Conflict Analysis and Resolution Theodore Macdonald Associate Director, Program on Nonviolent Sanctions and Cultural Survival Kenneth Marden User Support Specialist Rachel McCleary Director, Religion, Political Economy, and Society Project Patrick McVay Financial Officer Kathleen Molony Director, Fellows Program Thomas C. Murphy Coordinator of Housing and Affiliate Services Amanda Pearson Publications Manager Christopher Perry Network and Systems Administrator Clare Putnam Coordinator, Student Programs, Fellowships, and South Asia Seminar Peter Rolla Librarian Aya Sato-DiLorenzo Staff Assistant, Program on U.S.–Japan Relations Tanya Schreiber Staff Assistant, Fellows Program Frank Schwartz Associate Director, Program on U.S.–Japan Relations Charles Smith Assistant Financial Officer Daniel Sullivan Staff Assistant, Administration Ann Townes ANNUAL REPORT 2001/2002 95