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The Mountains of Crete
208 THE MOUNTAINS OF CRETE THE MOUNTAINS OF CRETE BY L. H. HURST F he is not already aware of the fact, the visitor to Crete will at once perceive that it is a highly mountainous island. There are three groups whose summits exceed z,ooo m. In the west, the White Mountains rise behind Canea and fall steeply on the south to the Libyan sea. The area contains some twenty such summits and is by far the most important of the three. Mount Ida (in Greek, Psiloriti) rises in the centre of the island. In the east, the upland Lasithi plain is ringed by hills and mountains which reach their highest point in Mount Dikte to the south. With the possible exception of one particular face, the rock climber is unlikely to find anything to interest him in Crete. All the summits are easy and can be reached from various directions. But for the elderly mountaineer, whose more active days are behind him but who is still able to walk and to whom untravelled regions have an appeal, Crete may well be the answer. The mountains are best visited at the end of April or in early May, while some snow still remains to give them such beauty as they may claim and add to the interest of the ascents. Only a great enthusiast would wander amongst them in the months of summer when they have been stripped to their bare bones and their grey limestone faces blench and shimmer under a sun that is more African than European. -
Bonelli's Eagle and Bull Jumpers: Nature and Culture of Crete
Crete April 2016 Bonelli’s Eagle and Bull Jumpers: Nature and Culture of Crete April 9 - 19, 2016 With Elissa Landre Photo of Chukar by Elissa Landre With a temperate climate, Crete is more pristine than the mainland Greece and has a culture all its own. Crete was once the center of the Minoan civilization (c. 2700–1420 BC), regarded as the earliest recorded civilization in Europe. In addition to birding, we will explore several famous archeological sites, including Knossos and ancient Phaistos, the most important centers of Minoan times. Crete’s landscape is very special: defined by high mountain ranges, deep valleys, fertile plateaus, and caves (including the mythological birthplace of the ancient Greek god, Zeus) Rivers have cut deep, exceptionally beautiful gorges that create a rich presence of geological wealth and have been explored for their aromatic and medicinal plants since Minoan times. Populations of choughs, Griffon Vultures, Lammergeiers, and swifts nest on the steep cliffs. A fantastic variety of birds and plants are found on Crete: not only its resident bird species, which are numerous and include rare and endangered birds, but also the migrants who stop over on Crete during their journeys to and from Africa and Europe. The isolation of Crete from mainland Europe, Asia, and Africa is reflected in the diversity of habitats, flora, and avifauna. The richness of the surroundings results in an impressive bird species list and often unexpected surprises. For example, last year a Blue- cheeked Bee-eater, usually only seen in northern Africa and the Middle East, was spotted. Join us for this unusual and very special trip. -
Mapping Treeline Ecotone Dynamics Along a Latitudinal Gradient Using Fine Scale Resolution Imagery RESOLUTION IMAGERY
Mapping Treeline Ecotone Dynamics along a Latitudinal Gradient using Fine Scale Resolution Imagery MAX KIPKEMOI KORIR February 2019 SUPERVISOR S: Dr. Panagiotis. Nyktas Dr. Ir. Thomas. A. Groen Mapping Treeline Ecotone Dynamics along a Latitudinal Gradient using Fine Scale Resolution Imagery RESOLUTION IMAGERY MAX KIPKEMOI KORIR Enschede, The Netherlands, February 2019 Thesis submitted to the Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation of the University of Twente in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Geo-information Science and Earth Observation. Specialization: Natural Resources Management SUPERVISORS: Dr. Panagiotis. Nyktas Dr. Ir. Thomas. A. Groen THESIS ASSESSMENT BOARD: Professor Andrew Skidmore (Chair) Dr. Harald Pauli (External Examiner, Austrian Academy of Sciences & University of Natural Resources and Life, Austria) i DISCLAIMER This document describes work undertaken as part of a programme of study at the Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation of the University of Twente. All views and opinions expressed therein remain the sole responsibility of the author and do not necessarily represent those of the Faculty. ii ABSTRACT Treeline ecotone metamorphosis over time has been a commonplace observation globally. This ecosystem has significant ecological values and acts as a vital signal for climate change. It is thus necessary to understand its dynamics. Applications of fine-scale resolution imagery covering the historical and the contemporary eons are imperative for the mapping and quantification of treeline ecotone changes. These products were used for treeline ecotones studies in Lefka Ori, Olympus, Rodnei and Tatra mountains located along the European sub-continent latitudinal gradient. The investigation suggests that the treeline positions are determined by the latitudes, continentality and the mass elevation effect. -
Greek Tourism 2009 the National Herald, September 26, 2009
The National Herald a b September 26, 2009 www.thenationalherald.com 2 GREEK TOURISM 2009 THE NATIONAL HERALD, SEPTEMBER 26, 2009 RELIGIOUS TOURISM Discover The Other Face of Greece God. In the early 11th century the spring, a little way beyond, were Agios Nikolaos of Philanthropenoi. first anachorites living in the caves considered to be his sacred fount It is situated on the island of Lake in Meteora wanted to find a place (hagiasma). Pamvotis in Ioannina. It was found- to pray, to communicate with God Thessalonica: The city was ed at the end of the 13th c by the and devote to him. In the 14th cen- founded by Cassander in 315 B.C. Philanthropenoi, a noble Constan- tury, Athanassios the Meteorite and named after his wife, Thessa- tinople family. The church's fres- founded the Great Meteora. Since lonike, sister of Alexander the coes dated to the 16th c. are excel- then, and for more than 600 years, Great. Paul the Apostle reached the lent samples of post-Byzantine hundreds of monks and thousands city in autumn of 49 A.D. painting. Visitors should not miss in of believers have travelled to this Splendid Early Christian and the northern outer narthex the fa- holy site in order to pray. Byzantine Temples of very impor- mous fresco depicting the great The monks faced enormous tant historical value, such as the Greek philosophers and symboliz- problems due to the 400 meter Acheiropoietos (5th century A.D.) ing the union between the ancient height of the Holy Rocks. They built and the Church of the Holy Wisdom Greek spirit and Christianity. -
Read Book the Rough Guide to Crete Pdf Free Download
THE ROUGH GUIDE TO CRETE PDF, EPUB, EBOOK John Fisher,Geoff Garvey | 384 pages | 11 Sep 2015 | Rough Guides Ltd | 9781409366454 | English | London, United Kingdom The Rough Guide to Crete PDF Book An example of an marketing cookie: uuid Unclassified Cookies These are cookies that have not yet been categorized. Trivia About The Rough Guide t Although it is for the most part a modern city, you might never know it as a tourist. Find out more. These cookies are used to make advertising messages more relevant to you. This ebook includes the following formats, accessible from your account page after purchase: EPUB The open industry format known for its reflowable content and usability on supported mobile devices. These are cookies that have not yet been categorized. It is supremely picturesque and has some style and charm, which it exploits to the full. Ellabella rated it it was ok Apr 02, We value your privacy By clicking 'Accept' you are agreeing to our use of cookies for content personalisation, analytics, navigation and marketing purposes. Start your review of The Rough Guide to Crete. Mr D H Arnold is currently reading it Jul 16, Cookies Used Required. Marketing cookies are used to track visitors across websites. Your Cookie Preferences We use different types of cookies to optimize your experience on our website. With its temperate climate and varied topography Crete is a great place for adventure holidays, and there are numerous companies across the island offering everything from mountain biking and canyoning to trekking and horseriding. Essential Cookies These cookies are strictly necessary to provide you with the services available through our websites and to use some of its features, such as access to secure areas. -
Mid-Holocene Changes in the Geochemical and Biotic Conditions of an Aquatic Ecosystem, in Eastern Mediterranean
Ann. Limnol. - Int. J. Lim. 2018, 54, 21 Available online at: © EDP Sciences, 2018 www.limnology-journal.org https://doi.org/10.1051/limn/2018013 RESEARCH ARTICLE Mid-Holocene changes in the geochemical and biotic conditions of an aquatic ecosystem, in Eastern Mediterranean Michael Styllas1, Elias Dimitriou1,*, Kostas Gritzalis2, Maria Koutsodimou2, Ioannis Karaouzas2, Nikolaos Skoulikidis2 and Alexandra Gogou2 1 Geoservice ltd, Eirinis 15 street, 55236, Panorama, Thessaloniki, Greece 2 Hellenic Centre for Marine Research. Athens-Sounio Avenue (46.7 km), P.O. Box712, P.C. 19013 Anavyssos, Attiki, Greece Received: 3 October 2017; Accepted: 30 March 2018 Abstract – Mediterranean Temporary Ponds (MTPs) are unique and sensitive aquatic ecosystems that due to their hydrological characteristics constitute an ideal setting for the study of past environmental dynamics. A 176 cm core was retrieved from the littoral zone of Omalos MTP in Lefka Ori massif, to provide a general view of the processes that drove its Lateglacial and Holocene evolution. The sedimentary sequence is partitioned in two major units: (i) Unit II (∼17–4.7 ka BP), characterized by the catchment-derived transport, allogenic deposition of fine, Al2O3-rich, sediments and endogenic deposition of clays, under overall anoxic and dry climatic conditions, and (ii) Unit I (∼4.7 ka to present), characterized by increasing wetness, establishment of watershed, aquatic and herbaceous vegetation and by SiO2 dominated sedimentation under overall oxic conditions. The enrichment of SiO2 in the littoral sediments since the mid-Holocene, can be of clastic, aeolian and biogenic origin, but the undertaken analyses did not permit such distinction. The overall dryness of Unit II was interrupted between ∼14.7 and 13 ka BP by wet conditions, evidenced by the establishment of littoral vegetation. -
The Geological Heritage of Psiloritis
The Geological Heritage of Psiloritis By Dr C. Fassoulas Psiloritis Natural Park INTRODUCTION TO THE GEOLOGY OF CRETE Crete is a mosaic of characteristic features which make it unique and special throughout the Mediterranean. It is very well known for its antiquities, its civilization and its biodiversity; it also has however a hidden treasure, its outstanding geological wealth. A polymorphic relief has been formed as a result of the physical processes which have been bringing Europe and Africa closer together for millions of years. These two lithosphere plates are like boats swimming in the molten lava of the interior of the earth which destroy everything in their passing. Natural processes, often violent and extreme such as the catastrophic earthquakes, have shaped the mountains and the seas, shaping the land of the Aegean and of Crete. Crete, just like all the Greek mountain ranges, is just one link in of a great chain of mountains which were created millions of years ago along with the alpine orogenesis, the process which built the mountains from the Pyrenees until the Himalayas The geological structure of Crete is characterized by the existence of rocks formed before, during and after the Alpine orogenesis. Most of these are the remains of the sediments which fell into the Tethys Ocean, a most ancient sea which is now limited to the present day Mediterranean. Some others were islands in the ocean or submarine volcanoes which were frozen at the great depths. The closure and the catastrophe of Tethys, which in the eastern Mediterranean began about 100 million years ago, forged the sediments into hard rocks, it smashed them and cracked them to such an extent that one began to go up and to climb on top of the other. -
Report on Species of Plants Requiring Protection in Greece and Measures for Securing Their Protection
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by I-Revues REPORT ON SPECIES OF PLANTS REQUIRING PROTECTION IN GREECE AND MEASURES FOR SECURING THEIR PROTECTION BY Const. GOULIMIS 21, rue Hippocrate Athens (Greece) This report has been divided in three parts. The first part deals with a list of species and other taxa of the Greek flora requiring protection. The second part deals with the destruction of rare plants and its causes and the third part deals with suggested remedies. PART 1. A list of species and other taxa of the Greek flora requiring protection. A list of the species and other taxa of the Greek flora which, in my opinion, require protection is annexed to this report. ln order to explain the comparatively great number of plants which appear in this list, 1 would mention that the flora of this country is one of the richest of Europe. containing about 6,000 taxa, a number consid� erably larger than that of France, Belgium and Switzerland put together, in spite of the fact that the total expanse of these countries is more than six times that of Greece. ln addition, as mentioned below, this country has a very large number of endemics, in fact, in proportion to her size, Greece has more endemics than any other European country. For the compilation of this list, 1 have reviewed the flora of the following districts of Greece : l. Continental Greece ( Sterea He lias). 2. Peloponnese. 3. Thessaly. 4. Epirus. 5. The island of Euboea (including the Sporades islands). -
Commission Implementing Decision of 16 November 2012 Adopting A
26.1.2013 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 24/647 COMMISSION IMPLEMENTING DECISION of 16 November 2012 adopting a sixth updated list of sites of Community importance for the Mediterranean biogeographical region (notified under document C(2012) 8233) (2013/29/EU) THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION, (4) In the context of a dynamic adaptation of the Natura 2000 network, the lists of sites of Community importance are reviewed. An update of the list of sites Having regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European of Community importance for the Mediterranean biogeo Union, graphical region is therefore necessary. Having regard to Council Directive 92/43/EEC of 21 May 1992 on the conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and (5) On the one hand, the update of the list of sites of flora ( 1), and in particular the third subparagraph of Article 4(2) Community importance for the Mediterranean biogeo thereof, graphical region is necessary in order to include additional sites that have been proposed since 2010 by Whereas: Member States as sites of Community importance for the Mediterranean biogeographical region within the meaning of Article 1 of Directive 92/43/EEC. For these (1) The Mediterranean biogeographical region referred to in additional sites, the obligations resulting from Articles Article 1(c)(iii) of Directive 92/43/EEC comprises the 4(4) and 6(1) of Directive 92/43/EEC should apply as Union territories of Greece, Cyprus, in accordance with soon as possible and within six years at most from the Article 1 of Protocol No 10 of the 2003 Act of Acces adoption of this Decision. -
Mont Blanc in British Literary Culture 1786 – 1826
Mont Blanc in British Literary Culture 1786 – 1826 Carl Alexander McKeating Submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Leeds School of English May 2020 The candidate confirms that the work submitted is his own and that appropriate credit has been given where reference has been made to the work of others. This copy has been supplied on the understanding that it is copyright material and that no quotation from the thesis may be published without proper acknowledgement. The right of Carl Alexander McKeating to be identified as Author of this work has been asserted by Carl Alexander McKeating in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. Acknowledgements I am grateful to Frank Parkinson, without whose scholarship in support of Yorkshire-born students I could not have undertaken this study. The Frank Parkinson Scholarship stipulates that parents of the scholar must also be Yorkshire-born. I cannot help thinking that what Parkinson had in mind was the type of social mobility embodied by the journey from my Bradford-born mother, Marie McKeating, who ‘passed the Eleven-Plus’ but was denied entry into a grammar school because she was ‘from a children’s home and likely a trouble- maker’, to her second child in whom she instilled a love of books, debate and analysis. The existence of this thesis is testament to both my mother’s and Frank Parkinson’s generosity and vision. Thank you to David Higgins and Jeremy Davies for their guidance and support. I give considerable thanks to Fiona Beckett and John Whale for their encouragement and expert interventions. -
Constellation Legends
Constellation Legends by Norm McCarter Naturalist and Astronomy Intern SCICON Andromeda – The Chained Lady Cassiopeia, Andromeda’s mother, boasted that she was the most beautiful woman in the world, even more beautiful than the gods. Poseidon, the brother of Zeus and the god of the seas, took great offense at this statement, for he had created the most beautiful beings ever in the form of his sea nymphs. In his anger, he created a great sea monster, Cetus (pictured as a whale) to ravage the seas and sea coast. Since Cassiopeia would not recant her claim of beauty, it was decreed that she must sacrifice her only daughter, the beautiful Andromeda, to this sea monster. So Andromeda was chained to a large rock projecting out into the sea and was left there to await the arrival of the great sea monster Cetus. As Cetus approached Andromeda, Perseus arrived (some say on the winged sandals given to him by Hermes). He had just killed the gorgon Medusa and was carrying her severed head in a special bag. When Perseus saw the beautiful maiden in distress, like a true champion he went to her aid. Facing the terrible sea monster, he drew the head of Medusa from the bag and held it so that the sea monster would see it. Immediately, the sea monster turned to stone. Perseus then freed the beautiful Andromeda and, claiming her as his bride, took her home with him as his queen to rule. Aquarius – The Water Bearer The name most often associated with the constellation Aquarius is that of Ganymede, son of Tros, King of Troy. -
Hellenic Republic
HELLENIC REPUBLIC MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT, ENERGY AND CLIMATE CHANGE 5th NATIONAL COMMUNICATION TO THE UNITED NATIONS FRAMEWORK CONVENTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE JANUARY 2010 th 5 NATIONAL COMMUNICATION TO THE UNFCCC 1 CHAPTER 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1.1 National Circumstances 1.1.1 Government structure The Constitution of 1975, as revised in 1986, 2001 and in 2008, defines the political system of Greece as a Parliamentary Democracy with the President being the head of state. At the top administrative level is the national government, with ministers appointed by the prime minister. The ministries mainly prepare and implement national laws. The Ministry of Environment, Energy and Climate Change -MEECC (former Ministry for the Environment, Physical Planning and Public Works -MEPPPW) is the main governmental body concerned with the development and implementation of environmental policy in Greece, while other Ministries are responsible for integrating environmental policy targets within their respective fields. The Ministry of Environment, Energy and Climate Change (MEECC) is the competent authority for Climate Change, and the Council of Ministers is responsible for the final approval of policies and measures related to Climate Change. 1.1.2 Population In 2007, the total population of Greece (as estimated in the middle of the year) was approximately 11.19 million inhabitants, according to the data provided by the National Statistical Service of Greece. According to the Census of March 2001, the total population of the country was approximately 10.95 million. The total population increased by 9.1% compared to the 1991 Census results, with 34% of total population living in the greater Athens area.