1506 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. FEBRUARY 16, and on the purchase in Septembe~ 24, 1873, the premium was a little He also presented a memorial of the chief and councilmen of the less than 11. · Shawnee Indians, late of Kansas, in rela.tion to the lands in the Black Thus we see that under this policy the value of the bonds on the Bob reservation in Kansas, and asking the repeal of the fourteenth gold standard has increased about seventeen cents on the dollar, while section of the act of July 15, 1870, making appropriations for sundry tbe premium on the legal-tender standard has decreased but five cents civil expenses of the Government for the year ending June 30, 1871; on the dollar. which was referred to the Committee on the Judiciary, and ordered Instead of entitling this law "An act to strengthen the credit of to be printed. . the Government," it should have been entitled "An act to strengthen He also presented a concurrent resolution of the Legislature of the the power of the money monopoly over the people, to increase the State of Missouri, in favor of the repeal of the law prohlbiting plant burdens of taxation, and to perpetuate high rates of interest, to the ers from selling leaf-tobacco without license; which was referred to ruin of every industrial pursuit." · the Committee on Finance. Sir, as a result of such a policy as I have been attempting to por He also presented a memorial of the Kansas Pacific Railroad Com tray, every industrial interest in the country now lies prostrate. The pany, in relation to charges against the Union Pacific Railroa-d Com :people have been the witnesses of this class legislation, and under pany; which was referred to the Committee on Railroads. an unnatural stimulus given to some classes of business by the pro He also presented a concurrent resolution of the Legislature of the tective policy, aided by a depreciated currency, and the inherent, un State of 1\lissouri, in relation to the Kansas Pacific and Union Pacific developed capacity of a new country, they were falsely told and made Railroad Companies; which was referred to the Committee on Rail to believe that they were in the midst of unexampled prosperity. The roads, and ordered to be printed. delusion has pa-ssed away. The prosperity was all fictitious. The at 1\Ir. FENTON. I present the petition of John Fisk1 of Suspension tempt to create wealth by specuJation, and without labor, has failed, Bridge, New York, who represents that he is the origmal inventor of as it always will fail. The country must be restored to its normal the iron-clad ram for harbor defense, as set forth in the memorandum condition. The whole protective policy must be abandoned, and the and affidavits which I submit with this petition. He a-sks that the people be left to choose the pursuits in which they will engage. same rights and benefits be granted to him as to the person who claimed The attempt has been made to create the impression that the abo to be the inventor of the Monitor, believing his invention to be supe lition of the national banks will disturb financial relations and destroy rior to that in its operations. trade. The legal-tenders will flow into immediate circulation as the I ought to say that I know Colonel Fisk to be a highly respectable bank notes are absorbed. The money locked up by the banks will be and worthy citizen, residing at Suspension Bridge, New York, to whose paid out pro mta to their creditors, and the reserves will go into cir statements respect is due. I became acquainted with him during the culn.tion among the people. The abolition of the national banks period of the war, as the gallant lea-der of the Sixth New York Cav abolishes stock-gambling and forces the hundred million, now used by alry. I move that this petition, with the papers, be referred to the them to the detriment of every material interest, into legitimate fields. Committee on Military Affairs. I suppose that is the proper direction A sound financial system will immediately take the place of insolvent for them to take. banks, whose struggles for perpetuation a.~e now obstructing all the The motion was agreed to. avenues of trade. 1\Ir. FENTON pre ented the petition of the members and congre On motion of Mr. SPEER, the House (at three o'clock and thirty gation of the Society of Friends of Brooklyn, New York, signed by five minutes p. m.) adjourned. Henry Dickinson anu other officers, and the petition of the Congre gational church, of Sayville, Suffolk County, New York, praying for the appointment of a commission of inquiry concerning the alcoholic liquor traffic, its relations to pauperism, crime, the public health, and general welfare; which were ordered to lie on the table. IN SENATE. lli. BOUTWELL presented the petition of the Second Congrega-• tional church, of Medfield, Massachusetts, signed by the pastor, Rev. MONDAY, February 16, 1874. J. M. R. Eaton, and other officers, praying for the appointment of a Prayer by the Rev. E. D. OWEN, of Washington. commission of inquiry concerning the alcoholic liquor traffic, its rela On motion of Mr. MORTON, and by unanimous consent, the read tions to pauperism, crime, the public health, and general welfare; ing of the Journal of the proceedings of Friday last was dispensed which was ordered to lie on the table. with. Mr. BUCKINGHAM presented the memorial of Howard Meeks and CREDENTI4J.S. other citizens of Fairlee, Kent County, Maryland, asking Congress to enact a law making lega1-tender notes and United States bonds bear · Mr. JOHNSTON presented the credentials of Ron. Robert E. ing interest at the rate of 3.65 per cent. interchangeable; which was Withers, chosen by the Legislature of Virginia a Senator from that referred to the Committee on Finance. State for the term beginning March 4, 1875; which were read and Mr. WRIGHT. I present a petition of citizens of Clay County, Iowa, ordered to be filed. setting forth that nt the present time of financial trouble1. while busi PETITIONS AND MEMORIALS. ness is emb:trra sed or suspended, and labor unemployed., it will be Mr. CONOVER pre ented the petition of Jame Curtis, of Florida, oppressive to restore the duty on tea and coffee, or to revive or increase praying compensation a-s master and pilot of the schooner James internal taxation. They also set forth that, in accordance with the Buchanan; which was referred to the Committee on Commerce. second section of the act. of June 6, 1872, a reduction was made of 10 per· Mr. ANTHONY presented the memorial of Cyrus Harris, president of cent. of duties upon ma.nufn.ctured cottons, woolens, irons, steel, paper, the Roger Williams National Bank, of Providence, Rhode Island, and leather, glass, metals, and other staple commodities, and that under many other presidents and cashiers of national banks of that city, this law one-tenth of the duties upon imports of these wares ha-s been respectfully remonstrating against the bill to take from that State a handed bn;ck to the foreigners who send them to our markets, instead portion of the national cuiTency; which was ordered to lie on the table. of going into the Treasury of the United-States. Theyrepresentthat He also presented the memorial of the Providence Medical Associa they believe the legislation above set forth is wrong in principle, and tion, of Providence, Rhode Island, approving of the objects of the they n-sk its repeal. I move that this petition be referred to the Com memorial of the American Medical Association, relative to the Medi mittee on Finance. cal Corps of the United States Army, and of the act propo eel therein The motion was agreed to. now before Congress; which wa-s referred to the Committee on lllili l\Ir. WRIGHT also presented the following resolution of the General tary Affairs. A sembly of the State of Iowa, which wa-s ordered to be printed, and Mr. KELLY. I present some petitions of citizens of Oregon, con referred to the Committee on Privileges and Elections: cerning charges against Ron. J. H. MITCHELL and asking the Senate .Toint resolution relative to an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to investigate the same. in regard to the compensation of members of Congress. 1\fr. President, I have been requested by a number of citizens of Be it resolved by the General Assembly of the State of Iowa, That our Senators in Oregon to present these petitions, in which they prefer certain charges Congress be instructed, and our Representatives be requested, to vote to submit to the several State Legislatures, for their ratification, an amendment to the Constitu against my colleague, and ask the Senate to inquire into their truth. tion of the United States, providing that no Congress shall increase the compensation In this connection I desire to state that having been well acquainted of its members. with Senator MITCHELLfor twelve years prior to his election as a mem Resolved, That the secretary of state be instructed to furnish a. certified copy of . ber of this body, I ~ew not~ng during all that time derogatory to his these resolutions to each of our Senators and Representatives in Congr~s. .TNO. H. GEAR, character or reputation. W1th regard to the charges preferred, I wish Speaker of the House of Representatives. it to be understood that I do not now express any opinion upon them .TOSEPH DYSART, either one way or another. That is a matter I leave wholly with the Prtsident of the Senate. committee, as it is a proper subject for their investigation. I, .Tosia.h T. Young, secretary of state of the State of Iowa, hereby certify t.hat And now, having discharged this tmpleasant duty, I move that the the above is a true copy of a joint resolution which passed both houses of tho petitions be referred to the Committee on Privileges and Election . fifteenth Committee on Civil Service and Retrenchment, and was ordered to tary of state be instructed to furnish each of our Senators and Congressmen a copy be printed: of this preamble and concurrent resolution. .JOHN H. GEAR, Resolved ~y the senate, (the house concurring,) That the action of Congress in par Speaker of the House. tially repealing what is known as the "salary-grab" law meets our hearty approval; .JOSEPH DYSART, and, furlher, that we feel honored by the stand taken in this matter oy Senators President of the Senate. and Representat.ives of Iowa in Congress, and mostearnestlyrequestthattheycon Approved February 2, 1874. tinue in the good work until all of said salary-grablaw, so far as can be legally done, C. C. CARPENTER_- ahall be repealed. Approved February 3, 1874. This is to certify that this resolution originated in the house of representatives. .TAMES M. WEART, Mr. WRIGHT also presented the following concurrent resolution of Chief Clerk. t.he General Assembly of the State of Iowa; which was referred to the lli. Hil1LIN presented the petition of .Andrew Jackson Keeler, of Committee on Post-Offices and Post-Roads, and ordered to be printed: Castine, Maine, praying to be allowed a. pension on account of his Concurrent resolution relative to posta~e on newspapers in the counties where injuries received on board of one of the revenue-cutters of the United published. States; which was referred to the Committee on Pensions. Resolved by the General Assembly of the State of Iowa, That our Senators in Con 1\fr. EDMUNDS presented a petition of citizens of Vermont, sol gress be instructed, and our Representatives requested. to favor by their inil.uenco diers of the war of 1812, who served less than sixty days, praying an and votes the immediate repeal of the law enacted by the Forty-decond Congress by which the postage is req uiretl to be paid in advance on newspapers sent to sub amendment of the act of February 14, 1871, so as to include a.llsol scribers in the county in which said papers are published. diers and widows who have received land-warrants under the a.cts of Resolved, That the secretary of state be instructed to furnish as soon as practica 1853 and 1855 in its benefits; which was referred to the Committee ble to each of our Senators and Representatives in Congress a copy of this concur on Pensions. rent resolution. JNO. H. GEAR, 1\.fr. SCOTT presented the petition of Penn's Grove Monthly Meet Speaker of the House of Representatives. ing of the Society of Friends of Chester County, Pennsylvania., signed .JOSEPH DYSART, by J. Comly Brosius ancl Margaret W. Brosius, praying for the ap President of the Senate. pointment of a commission of inquiry concerning the alcoholic liquor Approved February 9, 1874. traffic, its relations to pauperism, crime, the public health, and gen C. C. CARPENTER. eral welfare; which was ordered to lie on the table. I hereby certify that this concurrent resolution originated in t.he senate. . I. A. T. HULL, Mr. BOREMAN presented the petition of Christiana Bailey, widow Secretary. of David Bailey, late of Company B, Thirteenth West Virginia Vol unteer Infantry, praying to be allowed a pension; which was referred Mr. FRELINGHUYSEN. I present the petition of John James to the Committee on Pensions. Flournoy, a citizen of Georgia, setting forth that a number of colored Mr. l\fERRlliON presented sundry petitions of citizens of North citizens of the South have applied to the .American Colonization Soci Carolina, praying the establishment of certain post-roads i:i:t that Sta.te; ety for transportation to Liberia, and that the society is unable liO which were referred to the Committee on Post-Offices and Post-Roads. 'end them, and also etting forth the advantages to a-ccrue to this l\lr. SARGENT. I pre ent the petition of the boa.rd of supervisors country by promoting the trade in the productions of that region, and of .Alameda County, California, reciting that in 1873 the Secretary of suggesting that a Government vessel be detailed to convey to Liberia War was directed to cause a survey to be made of San .Antonio es those who have applied and bring back the commercial productions tuary, in the ha.rbor of Oakland, and"to report a. plan pf improvement. of that country. I move the reference of this petition to the Com That survey has been made, a.nd they a k, in consideration of the im mittee on Commerce. portant national advanta.ges which the improvement of this ha.rbor The motion was agreed to. will bring a.bout, that an appropriation be made by the Government Mr. WEST presented a certified copy of an act of the Legislature of the United States for the. purpose of ca.rrying out this plan. I will of Louisiana, ceding jurisdiction and conveying title to all lands re sta.te that the harbor of Oakla.nd is opposite San Fmncisco, in the quired" for the proposed Fort Saint Philip Ship-canal to the Govern Bay of San Francisco, and very important results will follow from ment of the United States; which was referred to the Select Com ~ranting the request of the petition. I move its reference to the mittee on Transportation-Routes to the Sea-Board. committee on Commerce. Mr. HARVEY presented a resolution of tlie Legislature of Kansas, The motion was agreed to. in favor of the passage of a substitute for a bill providing for the Mr. HAGER presented a resolution of the Legislature of California, sale of the Ka.nsas Indian reservation; which was referred to the in favor of the establishment of the boundary line between the county Committee on Public La.nds, and ordered to be printed. . of Del Norte, in that State, and Curry County, Oregon, and the marking Mr. ALLISON presented the following memorial and joint resolu of the same with a suitable and proper monument; which wa~; re tion of the Legislature of Iowa; which was refeiTed to the Commit ferred to the Committee on Public Lands. tee on Commerce, and ordered to be printed : He also presented a concurrent resolution of the Legislatbre of Memorial and joint resolution in reference to improving Fox and Wisconsin Rivers. California, relative to the survey of public lands in California, setting forth that a large amount of public land- in California is unsurveyed, To the Senate and Hou.se of Represcntativu of the United States: and that a large number of persons have sett~ed thereon and are de The memorial of t l,e General Assembly of the State of Iowa represents, that the sirous of obtaining title; which was referred to the Committee on annual report of D C. Houston, of the United States engineers, on the Fox and Wisconsin River i uprovement, shows that the project of rendering navigable the Public Lands. channels of the F· >K anu Wisconsin Rivers is entirelyfea ible~ at a moderate expense; l\fr. HAGER. I present also a. concurrent resolution of the Legis and whereas thP General Government has already entereo. upon said work; and lature of California, in regard to the Santillan land grant, a large a.s said improvP nent is of great natioual importance: Therefore, grant in the city of San Francisco, which has been passed on hereto Be it 1·esolved by the General Assembly of the Stats of Iowa, That our members of Congress be rtlquested to urge the appropriation of a sufficient sum of money to fore by the board constituted to pass upon land claims in California, carry this great enterprise to a successful completion: Provided, That the r egula and decided there to be a fraud. I understand that the matter .is +Jon and control of the entire route from the Mississippi River to the lakes may be pending in the other House at the present time, and this is a resolu - retained in the General Government, and shall not pass under the control of any private corporation or companyJ to the end that the transportation of the products tion of the Legislature of the State of California on that subject, re of the country may be subjectea only to such tolls as may be n ecessary to maintain questing the Senators here and the Representatives in the other House .said improvement in perfect condition and repair for public use. to oppose that bill. I move its reference to the Committee on the Resolved, That the secretary of state is directed to forward a copy of this pream Judiciary. ble and joint resolution to the President of the United States Senate and to the Speakflr of the House of Representatives, with a r equest that they may be laid The motion was agreed to. before each House of Congress, and that a copy be sent to each Senator and Mem· .Mr. CONKLING presented the petition of citizens of Oneida County, ber of Congress from this State. New York, praying for the unconditional repeal of the bankrupt law; .JOHN H. GEAR, which was ordered to lie on the table. Speaker of the House. He also presented a memorial of citizens of New York, members of .JOSEPH DYSART, the Society of Friends, signed by direction and on behalf of the repre President of the Senate. Approved February 2, 1874. sentative committee of tho Yearly Meeting of New York, held Second C. C. CARPENTER. month, lOth, 1874, in favor of the appointment of a commission to . This is to certify that this joint resolution originated in the house of representa inquire into the results of the liquor traffic in connection with crime, tives. pauperism, &c.; which was ordered to lie on the table. .TAMES M. WEART, He also presented the petition of the Welsh Calvinistic Presbytery, Chief Clerk. representing twenty-two churches in the counties of Lewis, Oneida, Mr. ALLISON presented the following resolution of the Legislature Otsego, Herkimer, and Madison, State of New York, unanimously of Iowa; which was referred to the Committee on Patents, and ordered approved and signed by the officers, praying for the appointment of to be printed: a commission of inquiry concerning the alcoholic liquor tra.:ffic, its Preamble and concurrent resolution r elative to the reissue of the patents on sewing relations to pauperism, crime, the public health, and general welfare; machines. which was ordered to lie on the table. Whereas it is understood that the owners of the patents on the leading sewin cr. Mr. SUMNER presented the petition of the Congregational church moohines in the Unit.ed States are using every exertion to have the present Co~ of Townsend, Massachusetts, signed by the pastor, Rev. Henry C. gresfl extend their patents; and whereas we believe that such an extension would Fay, a.nd other officers and members, praying for the appointment of not b~ in accordance ·with the welfare and -wis~es of the people: Therefore, Be ~t ·res_olved by the house, (the senateconcurrvng,) First, t.hat our Senators in Con. a commission of inquiry concerning the alcoholic liquor traffic, its gress b('l mstructed, and our Representatives requested, to use their influence to relations to pauperism, crime, the public health, and general welfare; prevent the reissue of the patents on sewing-machines; secondly, that the secre- which was ordered to lie on the table. • 1508 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. FEBRUARY 161. Mr. FRELINGHUYSEN presented the petition of the pastor and to introduce a bill (S.No. 489) authorizing the Pre ident of the United official members of the Hibernia Methodist Episcopal church, of States to purchase a site for a. coaling station, navy depot, and other Morris County New Jersey, praying for the appointment of a commis governmental uses at Fort Point, Port Royal, Beaufort County, South sion of inquiry concerning the alcoholic liquor traffic, its relations to Carolina, and making an appropriation for said purchase; which wa-s pauperism, crime, the public health, and general welfare; which was read twice by its title, referred to the Committee on Appropriations, ordered to lie on the table. · and ordered to be printed. Mr. CAMERON presented the petition of the Presbyterian church Mr. BOGY asked, and by unanimous consent obtained, leave to in of Kennet Square, Chester County, Pennsylvania, signed by Rev. troduce a bill (S. No. 490) for the sale of the Black Bob Indian lands James Fraser and other officers, praying for the appointment of a in the State of Kansas; which was read twice by its title, and re commission of inquiry concerning the alcoholic liquor traffic, its rela ferred to the Committee on Indian Affairs. tions to pauperism, crime, the public health, and general welfare; He alBo asked, and by unanimous consent obtained, leave to in which was ordered to lie on the table. troduce a bill (S. No. 491) to confirm certain private land claims in Mr. FERRY, of Michigan, presented the petition of the president, the Territory of New Mexico; which was read twice by its title, and James B. Angell, and faculty of the Univer ity of Michigan, praying referred to the Committee on Private Land Claims. Congress to appropriate the unappropriated portion of the Chinese Mr. HAGER asked, and by unanimous consent obtained, leave to indemnity fundforthe education of the Chinese in the Pacific States; introduce a bill (S. No. 492) authorizing the city and county of San which waa referred to the Committee on Education and Labor. Francisco to use the Presidio reservation as a park and highway; Mr. JOHNSTON presented the memorial and accompanying papers which was read twice by its title, referred to the Committee on Mili of M. Courtwright, general agent and manager of the Albemarle and tary Affairs, and ordered to be printed. Chesapeake Canal Company, setting forth a just and legal claim Mr. CLAYTON asked, and byunanimous consent obtain(\d,leave to against the Navy Department of the United States for tolls due the introduce a bill (S. No. 493) to establish certain po t-routes in the company for the transit of naval vessels and supplies for the use of the State of Arkansas; which was read twice by its title, and referred to navy-yards through that canal from January, 1864, to July, 1866, the Committee on Post-Offices and Post-Roads. amounting to $4,158; which was referred to t he Committee on Naval Mr. FERRY, of Connecticut, asked,- and by unanimous consent Affuirs. , obtained, leave to introduce a bill (S. No. 494) amendatory of "An Mr. GORDON presented the petition of R. J. Wiles, praying for act t"o revise, consolidate, and amend the statutes relating to patents reclamation of money illegally collected from him by United States and copyrights;" which was read twice by its title, referred to the officers; which was referred to the Committee on Claims. Committee on Patents, and ordered to be printed. He also presented the petition of Elizabeth A. Leebrick; praying Mr. STEVENSON asked, and by unanimous consent obtained, leave compensation for services rendered by her durin_g the late war; which to introduce a bill (S. No. 495) for the relief of Ann L. Bland; which was referred to the Committee on Military Affairs. was read twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on Claims. Mr. LOGAN. I present three petitions of members of the L egisla ture of Illinois, signed by nearly every one, both republican and dem PRINTING OF A DOCUMENT. ocrat, a portion of which I will read: Mr. CHANDLER submitted the following re olution; which was We, the people representing the vast agricultnr:ll, manufa.ctnring, and commer referred to the Committee on Printing: cial interests of the West and South, believe the volume of currency not sufficient Resolved, That there be printed for the use of the Senate one thousand additional for the business of the country; and we also believe contraction is in the interest copies of Executive Document No. 64. 6f eastern capital, to the detriment of western and southern industry, and means paralyzed business, extortionate interest, and low wages. We therefore earnestly HAYDEN'S CRETACEOUS FLORA OF THE WEST. request you to use your best endeavors to provide sucn increase of the currency as Mr. LOGAN submitted the following concurrent resolution; which public necessities require. was referred to the Committee on Printing: This is in the nature of a petition signed by the members of the Resolved by the Senate, (the House of RepTesentatives concurring,) That there be Legislature of Illinois, of all parties. I move its reference to the printed and bound twenty-five hundred copies, in quarto, uniform with the series Committee on Finance. of Professor Hayden's final report on the Cretaceous Flora of the West; one thoUlland copies for the Department of the Interior, one thousand copies for the Smithsonian The motion was agreed to. Institution, and five hundred copies for the office of the United States geological Mr. LOGAN presented the petition of Edward Healey, prayin~ for survey of the T~rritories. - an increase of pension; which wa.s referred to the Committee on l:'en DANIEL M'CLURE. sions. He also presented the petition of J. Lloyd Rothwell and others, of Mr. KELLY. I wish the consent of the Senate to take up the bill Clay City, Illinois, in reference to bounty lands; which was referred (H. R. No. 1769) for the relief of Colonel Daniel McClure, assistant_ to the Committee on Public Lands. paymaster-general. He also presented the petition of many citizens of Chicago, pray The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Senator from Oregon moves that ing for an increase of currency; which was referred to the Committee t he Senate proceed to the consideration of t he bill indicated by him. on Finance. The motion was agreed to; and the Senate, as in Committee of the REPORTS OF COM1\ITTTEES. Whole, proceeded to consider-the bill. It refers the claims of Daniel McClure, assistant paymu.ster-general, Mr. PRATT, from the Committee on Claims, to whom was referred for credits on differences in his accounts as paymaster, under his the bill (S. No. 63) for the relief of Perez Dickinson, the surviving part official bond dated March 2, 1859, to the Court of Claims, with juris ner of James Cowan, deceased, heretofore trading and doing business diction to hear and determine the claims · and if the court shall be under the :firm name and style of Cowan & Dickinson, of :Knoxville, satisfied from the evidence that any of the moneys charO'ed to him· East Tennessee, reported it without amendment, and submitted a. were not in fact received by him, or that other just an:i equitable report; which was ordered to be printed. grounds exist for credits claimed by him, it shall make a decree setting Mr. BOREMAN, from the Cominittee on Clnims, to whom wa-s re forth the amount to which McClure shall be entitled to receive credit, ferred the bill (S. No. 48) for the relief of loyal citizens of Loudoun upon which the proper accounting officers of the Treasury shall al County, Virginia, therein named, reported it without amendment. low him the amount so decreed as a credit in the ettlement of his Mr. BOGY, from the Committee on Private Land Claims, to whom said accounts. The testimony of McClure is to be received in his own waa referred the bill (S. No. 423) relatin~ to the equitable and legal behalf by the court. Until the determination of the cause, the final rights of parties in possession of certam lands and improvement adjustment of his accounts is to be suspended. An appeal is to be thereon in California, and to provide jurisdiction to determine those allowed to either party, as in other cases. rights, reported it with an amendment. The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, ordered to BILLS INTRODUCED. a third reading, read the third time, and pa sed. Mr. CHANDLER asked, and by unanimous consent obtained, leave D. B. ALLEN & CO. to introduce a bill (S. No. 485) to grant an American register to the Mr. HAMLIN. I move to take up the bill for the relief of D. B. Canadian schooner George Warren; which was read twice by its Allen & Co. title, and referred to the Committee on Commerce. The motion was agreed to; and the bill (S. No. 439) to provide for Mr. RAMSEY asked, and by unanimous consent obtained, leave to the payment of D. B. Allen & Co. for services in carrying the United introduce a bill (S. No. 486) to revive and continue certain grants of States mails, was read the second time, and considered as in Committee ]and heretofore made to the Territory and State of Minnesota to aid of the Whole. in the construction of the several lines of the Saint Paul and Pacific It appropriates 21,543 for the paJ ment of D. B. Allen and Co. for Railroad Company; which was read twice by its title, referred to carrying the United States mails between New York and San Fran the Committee on Public Lands, and ordered to be printed. cisco, in 18G4 and 1 65-1 during the suspension of the overland maH Mr. FRELINGHUYSEN asked, and by unanimous consent obtained, service on the overlana route, in full payment for the service. leave to introduce a. bill (S. No. 487) to amend the judiciary act of Mr. HAMLIN. I wish to say that that bill has sever~l times pa,ssecl 1789; which was read twice by its title, referred to the Committee this body, but failed to rea-ch action in the House. There is a very on the Judiciary, and ordered to be printed. brief report, if any Senator wishes to hear it read, which explai.ns the Mr. WRIGHT asked, and by unanimous consent obtained, leave to case. introduce a. bill (S. No. 488) authorizing the First National Bank of Mr. BOREMAN. I should like to hear some explanation of tpe Indianola, Iowa, to change its location and name ; which was read bill. - . twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on Finn,nce. Mr. HAMLIN. Let the report be read. Mr. PATTERSON asked, and by unanimous consent obtained1 leave The Chief Clerk read the following report, submitted by Mr.H..ut- 1874. CONGRESSIO~AL RECORD. 1509 LIN, from the Committee on Post-Offices and Post-Roads, on the 5th deducting all pay and allowances received by him as an enlisted man inst.ant: during the same period. The Committee on Post-Offices and Post-Roads, to whom was referred the memo The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, ordered rial of D. B . .Allen & Co., representing the Atlantic Steamship and the Pacific Mail to be engrossed for a third reading, rea-d the third time, and pa.ssed. Steamship Companies, for compensation for carrying the Umted States mails dur ing the suspenSlon of the overland mail service, in 1864 and 1865, beg leave to re- JOSEPH MO:NTANARI. ~: tiliti The next bill on the Calendar was the bill (S. No. 311) for the re The suspension of the overland mail service, by reason of Indian hos · es on a the plains took pl:we in 1864; that the amount patd for said service annually wa.s liefof Joseph Montanari, and for other purposes; which was read $840,000, ~hila 160,000 annua.llywas paid to said steamship C~ID;panies for carrying second time and considered as in Committee of the Whole. printed matter and such letters as mi&ht be marked to be speCially sent that way. The bill directs the Secretary of State to audit and allow the claim of When the suspension occurred, leavmg the entire Pacific slope without mails, the Joseph Montanari.for services as vice-consul of the United States at Postmaster-General applied to said steamship companies to carry the entire ~ Port Mahon, together with loss by exchange; and directs the Secretary during the interruption of the overland rout~. The comp:mies cheerfuly compli~d, and for a period of about four months a.ll mails of the Umted States for the Pacific of the Treasury to pay to Joseph Montanari the amount so audited were safely and expeditiously transported by them. For this service compensation and allowed. The second section provides tlmt section 21 of the act en titled "An act to regulate the diplomatic and consular systems of the is T~::Ur::tter has been submitted to the Postma.st.er-General, who r eports that there is justly due D. B . .Allen & Co. the sum of 21,54J, in strict conformity to the spirit United States," approved August 18, 1856, shall not be construed so of the law. a-'3 to prevent compensation being allowed and paid out of appropria Your committee believe that said parties are justly entitled to a much larger sum; tions for the consular a.nd diplomatic service of the United States to but that sum having been stated by the Postmaster-General as due, and a.s th~ par vice-consuls-general, vice-consuls, or vice commercial agents, who are ties mentioned prefer to take that sum rather than to provoke controversy andmcur delay and will :wcept it in full dischar ELIZABETH F. THOMPSON. :Mr. WRIGHT. I do not wish this bill to go over so as to lose its The next bill on the Calendar was the bill (S. No. 316) granting a place on the Calenclar, and inasmuch as we h ave not time, probably, pension to Elizabeth F. Thompson; which was read the second time, to consider it this morning, to prevent its losing its place I move that and considered as in Committee of the Whole. the Senate proceed to the consideration of the bill, unless it can be It provides for placing on the pension-roll, subject to the pro understood that it will be the first bill on the Calendar t o be consid visions and limitations of the pension laws, the name of Elizabeth F . ered to-morrow. Thompson, mother of Moses Goodwin, late a private in Company I, The PRESIDENT yro tempore. The understanding of the Chair i Ninth Reuiment of Maine Volunteers. that it does not lose its place on the Calendar, and to-morrow the The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, ordered Senate will proceed wit.h the Calendar at the point where they termi . to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, and passed. nate the call to-day. This bill will still be on the Calendar and till in its place. HENRY C. SMITH. Mr. WRIGHT. .And be the first bill taken up when the Calendar The next bill on the Calendar was the bill (S. No. 317) for the relief is called again Y of Henry C. Smith, of Indianapolis, Indiana; which was read a second Tbe PRESIDENT p1·o tempm·c. No, it will not, if it is passed over time, and considered as in Committee of the Whole. to-day. The Senator from Iowa moves that the Senate now proceed It proposes to authorize the Secretary of War to place the name of to the consideration of tbe bill which has just been read. Henry C. Smith on the rolls as first lieutenant in Company H, Thirty The motion was not agreed to. sixth Regiment Indiana Infantry Volunteers, as of the date of June Mr. WRIGHT. I now move that the bill be laid aside and be the 18, 1865; and to direct the proper accounting and pay officers to pay first bill on the Calendar to-morrow morning. to Smith the pay and emoluments of a first lieutenant from that date Mr. SHER~.fAN . I hope that will be done, and in the mean time until the date of his discharge, deducting any sum or sums he may Senators can look at the bill. have received durino- that service. The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Senator from Iowa can move Mr. CLAYTON. I move to amend the bill in line 5 by striking to make it the special order, which will put it at t he bead of the out "Thirty-sixth'' and inserting" Thirtieth," which was the number Calendar. of the regiment. There is an error in printing. :Mr. WRIGHT. Then I make that motion, that it be made the The amendment was agreed to. special order for to-morrow morning. The bill was reported to the Senate a.s amended, and the amendment The PRESIDENT pro tentpore. The Senator from Iowa moves that was concurred in. the bill just read be pla-ced at the head of ·the Calendar. The bill was ordered to be engrossed for a third reading, read the The motion was agreed to; there being, on a division- ayes '%1, third time, and passed. noes 13. Al<.TDERSON J, SMITH. The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The tmderstanding of the Cha.ir is, The next bill on the Calendar was the bill (S. No. 341) for there under this vote of the Senate, that the consideration of this bill will lief of .Anderson J. Smith; which was read a second time, and con be resumed whenever the Calendar is resumed. sidered as in Committee of the Whole. TITLES OF NAV .AL ENGINEERS. It is a. direction to the Paymaster-General of the Army to pay to The next bill on the Calendar was the bill (S. No. 269) to change .Anderson J. Smith, late of Company A, One hundred and thirtieth Regi the titles of certain naval officers. ment Illinois Volunteer Infantry, the pay and allowances of a first lieu tenq,nt of infantry from May 6, 1864, to the date of his muster out of The Chief Clerk read the bill. It proposes to change the title of service, on the 17th day of June, 1865, deducting whatever pay .he first assistant engineer to passed assistant engineer, and that the title received for that term as sergeant. of second assistant engineer shall be changed to assistant engineer. Mr. CONKLING. I ask the Senator who reported this bill to tell !fr. CONKLING. I see that the chairman of the Committee on us why it is to be. Naval Affairs id not present, and we onght to have some explanation of that bill, I think. If he is not in tbe Chamber, it had better lie Mr. KELLY. I ask for the reading of the report accompanying the over. bill, which will explain the ca-se. The PRESIDENT pro tmnpore. Objection being made the bill will The Chief Clerk read the followinu report, ubmitted by Mr. KELLY, lie over. from the Committee on Military .A.ffairs, on the 20th of January: 1\Ir. ANTHONY. It is a mere change of the title of these officers, The Committee on Military Affairs, to whom was referred the petition of Anderson and it has the approbation of the Department. J. Smith, having had the same under consideration report as follows: 1\fr. D.A. VIS. I should like to ask the Senator whether it increases Anderson J . Smith, late a sergeant in Company C, Seventy-seventh Regiment of Illinois Volunteers, was captured by the rebel forces at the battle of Mansfield, up their pay by changing them from one grade to another f Red River, on the th day of April, 1864, and was detained as a prisoner from that Mr. .ANTHONY. 0 , no; it makes the title correspond with that time until the 17th day of May, 1865, at Camp Ford, in Texa-s. During this period of similar officer . he appears to have rendered much needful : ervice a a physician and surgeon to United States J>Iisoners at that place. Mr. CO:NKLING. It is merely nominal in effect T On the 2-2d day of July, 1864, he was commissioned by Governor Yates a first Mr. .ANTHONY. That is all. lieutenant of Company A, One hundred and thirtieth Regiment illinois Volunteers, Mr. LOGAN. Does it make an assistant engineer out of an engi with rank from May 6, 1864; but owing to the fact that be was detained a-prisoner neer¥ of war, never received his commission as such. On the 17th day of June, 1865, he was discharged from the service of the United States at Springfield, Illinois. 1\Ir. ANTHONY. No; let it be rea-d again. Inasmuch as he was unable to perform the duties of first lieutenant by reason of The CHIEF CLERK. The Committee on N aval.A.ffairs report the bill confinement as a prisoner of war, the committee consider that he is entitled to pay with an amendment, to strike out the words "and that a.ll acts and ment as such, and report a bill accordingly. parts of a-cts inconsistent therewith be, and are hereby, repealed," a.nd The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, ordered t,o insert as section 2 the following : to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, and passed. SEC.~- That from a.nd after the 13th day of June, 1874, the course of instruction at the Naval Academy for cadet en~eers shall be four years, instead of two as LIQUOR TRAFFIC CO~USSION. now provided by law i and this proVISion shall fir t apply to the class of cadet en The next bill on the Calendar was the bill (S. No. 161) to provide gineers entering the academy in the year 1874, a.nd to all subsequent classes · a.nd for the appointment of a commission on the subject of the alcoholic that all acts or parts of acts inconsistent herewith be, and are hereby, repealed. liquor traffi~ which was reported by the Committee on Finance on Mr. .ANTHONY. The second section is an important one, and per the 21st of January last, with an amendment. haps the chairman of the committee had better be here when it is The amendment was read, being to strike out all of the bill after considered. The first section, to which I referred, is merely nominal the enacting clause, and insert the following: to make the title of engineers conespond in their different grades t~ That there shall be appointed by the President, by and with the advice and con tbe title of similar officers. sent of the Senate, a. commission of five persons, neither of whom shall be the holder Mr. CONKLING. I believe the morning hour has expired. of any office of profit or trust in the General or a State government. The said com The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The morning hour has expired, and missioners shall be selected solely with reference to personal fitnes.s a.nd capadty for an honest, impartial, and thorough investigation, and shall hold office until their the Senate resumes the consideration of the unfinished business, whicb tluties shall be accomplished, but not to exceeil one year. It shall be their duty to is the bill in relation to national-bank circulation. investigate the alcoholic liquor traffic in its economic, criminal, moral, a.nd scientific Mpects, in counection with pauperism, crime, soci.nJ. vice, the public health, and MATTHEW WOODRUFF. general welfar~ of the people; and also inquire and take tes~ony as to the prac tical results of license andre tricti ve legislation for the prevention of intemperance Mr. BOGY. I a k tbe Senate to take up Senate bill No. 365, forth(:) in the everal St.'1tes. relief of Matthew Woodruff. It will not take a moment; it is a verv SEc. 2. That t.he said commi sioners shall serve without alary; shall be author meritorious claim. ~ ized to employ a secretary at a reasonable compensation, not to exceed ~.ooo per year, which, with the necessary expenses incidental to said investigation, of both The PRESIDENT p1·o tempore. The enator from Missouri asks the the secretary a.nd commissioners, shall be paid out of any money in the Trea ury unanimons consent of the Senate to proceed to consider the bill indi- not otherwise appropria.ted, upon vouchers to be approved by the Secretary of the cated by him. Is there objection'¥ The Chair hears none. · Trea ury; a.nd the amount necessary is hero by appropriated. It shall be the further 1\fr. SHERMAN. Let it be taken up, subj ect to a call for the regu duty of said commissioners to report the result of their investigation, a.nd the ex penses attending the S3me, to the President, to be by him tranSIDltted to Congress. lar order. The PRESIDENT pro tempore. It will be taken up, subject t o a. Mr. FERRY, of Connecticut. Letth'1tbill go over. I objecttoits call for the regular order. consideration. Tbe bill (S. No. 365) for the relief of Matthew Woodruff, late :first The £ RESIDENT pro tempm·e. The Senator from Connecticut serge:tnt of Company G, Twenty-first Missouri Volunteers, was rea-d objects.· a second time, and considered as in Committee of the Whole. 1874. CONGRESSIONAL RECORDe 1511 It directs the Secretary of War to correct the record so a to honorably The Chief Clerk read the proposed amendment, to strike out all of muster out and discharge Matthew Woodruff, late first sergeant of the bill after the enacting clause, and insert in lieu thereof the follow Company G, Twenty-first Regiment Missouri Volunteers; and that ing: said Woodruff be allowed such back pay, bounty, and allowances as Tha.t so much of the twenty-second section of the act entitled "An Mt to provide he would have been entitled to receive but for the record of his a national currency secured oy a pledae of United States bonds, and to provide for the circulation and redemption ther eo'£, ' approved June 3, 1864, and of the several alleged desertion, deducting therefrom pay for absence of twenty-six acts supplementary thereto and all?-endatory thereof, m:td such of the provisions of days. the act entitled "An act to pronde for the redemption of the 3 per cent. tem Mr. WEST. I beg leave to inquire how that bill got before the Sen porary-loan certificates and for an increa e of national-bank note ," approved July ate f The morning business was closed. 12, 1870, and so much of such parts of any other act or acts of Congre s as limit or as may be construed to limit or restrict the entire amount of notes for circulation The PRESIDENT pro tempore. By ~he ~enator from .~Ii ~ouri a.sk to be Issued under said act of June 3, 1864, and the several supplements thereto, be, ing unanimous consent to proceed With 1t, :md no obJectwn berng and the same are hereby, repealed; and that hereafter all associations organized, or made when the Chair called for objection. that may be organized, for carrying on the business of banking under the provisions Mr. CONKLING. I should like to hear the report read. of said act shall be free to establish and or; anize national banks with circulation Itt any place within the several States ana Territories of the United States upon Mr. BOGY. I will explain the bill in a minute. This man was a t.he terms and conditions, and subject to all the limitations and restriction~;, now pro soldier in the war, from my State. He served with great fidelity and vided by law, except the limitation upon the entir e amount of circulation, which i great courage for some four years, or, per~aps, u~ward . W.hile in hereby repealed. . the city of Mobile after the war h~{l termrnated for some ~rme, he 1\Ir. CAMERON. 1\Ir. Pre ident, in offering the substitute for the received a letter from home that his aged father was very Sl~k and bill of the Committee on Finance, I am impelled. by the highest con likely to die, and he asked permis ion to return. It was not g~ven ~o siderations of public duty. The one point on which my mind is thor him. He therefore left of his own accord, went home, buned his oughly convinced is, that there are not enough ba,nk.ing facilities now father, and returned to Mobile, and got. there a day or two ~er his in this country to transact the stupendous business our enterprising regiment ha -- 1:512 CONGRESSIONAL REC'ORD. FEBRUARY 16, to be useful to the farmers. Their depositors drain them at such times mo t ecure and reliable property, excepting only United States bond , as these for the purposes of speculation and of realizing high rates for is the national-bank note. And it cannot be a dangerous scheme to their money thus withdrawn. Distress and ruin follow as a matter supply the country generously with a currency far superior to any we of course, and are of annual recurrence. Now, my project aims at sup have ever enjoyed in the past, and superior even to the timidity and plying the very elasticity which seems t o be the only thin(J' wanting alarm of a :financial revulsion. In this connection, and before taking to prevent this distress and ruin, and to make our system of currency leave of this part of the subject, I desire to record my opinion that perfect for our in~rnal uses; and it also supplies that healthy com our present currency is more convenient than a metallic currency and / petition which makes money available at fair rates of interest by mul equally safe for all the use.s of our internal needs; is better adapted tiplying the number of the national banks and increasing their power for making exchanges; is easier and cheaper to transport; and is very to extend relief in times of danger. much safer for custody than any metallic currency whatever. I think I may safely trust the Senate with the task of finding objec I now come to consider a proposition which I fear will present its lf tions to this scheme, and shall therefore apply myself to noticing the to the minds of Senators as a paradox. I hold that increa ing the advantages which I believe it to possess. national banks will enable the United States to resT.UD.e specie pay The first, and perhaps the greatest, advantage promised is the ments sooner than by any other process. Every national bank organ emancipation of the business of the people from the rigid compression ized, and all hereafter to be organized, must by law keep up a re erve of our restrictive financial system, so admirable in everything but its for the security of the public and its immediate customers. This inflexi"Qility. Enterprising capitalists are permitted to organize banks re erve must be mainly in United States notes, now considered, and under the authority and the sanction of national charters, thus at justly considered, the chief obstruction to the resumption of specie pay tracting capitalt to the aid of the business necessities of the country. mtmts. It is certain, therefore, that by the increase of banks these It authorizes the necessary increase of the currency in exact ratio a.s notes will be absorbed in the bank reserves, and become a fixture in it is required, and it spreads over the whole country the benefits of the vaults of the banks, disappearing altogether from circulation ex banking facilities. Thus you at once make the currency elastic, and cept for the transactions of the business of the Government, which bring the facilities needed by the producers to their doors, which they recognizes no oth~r currency in its dealings with its citizens. are now forced to procure at a great distance ; and you localize the The figures I lately read to describe the comparative condition of national banks, with their advantages, by distributing them over all the banks when the panic came will show you that this absorption is the L'md. already greater than many believe, and is greater, I fear, than many On the advantages of this proposed. multipliQation and diffusion of financiers estimate. This will go on until the new banks take up a national banks I need not dwell, I trust. But some pointed benefits large proportion of the United States notes which the old banks have result from it, and are worthy of your attention. not already absorbed; and these greenbac~ will eventually be held In the cities or commercial and financial centers money is less by the banks, in strict conformity with law, as the collateral secu needed than in the agricultural or producing regions. In the former rity for their circulation and deposits. The moment the Treasury all transactions of importance a:re conducted by the use of bank escapes the danger of a run upon it for the redemption of t-he green checks. In the rural districts, on the contrary, the laborer, mechanic, backs in specie the Government can· announce its resumption. The and producer mlist have currency, and the employer can only satisfy question therefore comes up, "Will the ab orption of the Treasury them by the payment of bank-notes, checks being useless to meet the notes by the banks, as indicated, protect the Treasury from a demand small wants of every-day life. To keep these currency notes where for their redemption in coin'" I unhesitatingly answer that it will they are needed, and to restrain them from flowing to where they are afford a complete protection against such a demand, in my judgment. mainly used in speculation, or locked up by parties engaged in raising When the banks find themselves the possessors of the greenback cir or depressing the price of produce, shonld be the aim of all who de culation, they hold the precise thing in which their own notes e sire to cure existing evils. To secure this most desirable end the ex redeemable by law. The fact that the Treasury has resumed, and is istence of collecting and distributing agents is essentially necessary, paying specie, will be of no consequence to them; for the same qual and the ba.nk.s I soek to. authorize will be the very agency demanded ities which make paper superior to gold in the hands of others has by the exigencies of industry, and will be located precisely where greater force with institutions forced to incur the risk of keepino their important duties are to be performed. large amounts of valuable property in their custody. To this it may .Another benefit secured by the substitute I offer is, that the cur be objected that this plan assumes the irredeemable character of the rency which forms the principal medium of business is made safer by Trea.sury notes and treats their redemption as ~ateriaJ.. A little the increase in the number of country banks. 'l'he reports of the reflection will remove so hasty a conclusion. When the time comes Comptroller of the Currency will show that the safeguards provided for resumption, the power of the Government will be absolute over the by law for the public are more generally and faithfully observed by whole subject of the redemption or the cancellation of these notes. the ruraJ than by the city bunks. That provision of the national Then the promises to pay can be changed for gold gradually, surely, banking law which requires a reserveto be kept in the vaults for the arbitrarHy. Wl;rile the banks may be satisfied With the Trea ury security of note-holders and depositors was more conscientiously note , the Government may desire to redeem them at its plea ure, and obeyed everywhere in the country than in the cities, and in the four the banks cannot help themselves. The time Will come, and more teen p:eat cities, denominated by the Department " cities of redemp speedily than many imagine, when the Government will de.sire to tion,' than in New York. The gross amount of reserve required of pay and cancel her notes, and then require the banks to redeem their the country banks under the law to protect their liabilities was, on circulation in coin. And such a requirement will not injure the na the 12th of September, 1873, about a week before the panic came, tional banks; for such is the excellence of our present paper cur $80,000,665. They actually held on that day $110,110,455, an excess rency that no man thinks of looking at a bill to see what bank issues of more than 30,000,000 over the leo-al requirements. The bank.s in it. The consequence of this unquestioning confidence is that the notes the fourteen great cities (excluding New York) were required to have of our banks are scattered all over the land, and are equally good in their vaults 67,291,175, and they actually held $68,095,59 , being everywhere in the land. So difficult is it to obtain enough notes on three-tenths of 1 per cent. more than required; while the banks of any particular bank to distress it by a demand for specie, that any New York City, which were required by law to have 50,263,741, had danger from that source is not to be seriously considered. In fact, we only 46,864,341, or nearly $5,000,000 less security than the law de are not left to theorize over this point. When a bank fails now, it manded. can only repossess itself of the bonds owned by it and held by the Thus you will see that the least measure of security exists at the Treasurer as security for its circulation by a return to the proper offi great center of speculation; complete compliance with the l:1w in cer of its own notes; and procuring these scattered notes is so difficult, the other mart.s of trade, as a whole ; but an ample and generous ex that broken-bank bills are advertised for, without success, at a pre cess in the rural banks. Hence it was that the business public saw mium a.s high in some cases as 5 per cent. above par. Thus the pro at once that the country banks would have had no difficulty in contin tection afforded by our law is ample in every respect, and I uro- the uing the transaction of their legitimate business, and affording all sa.fetJ;fx!~: policy, the necessity, of increa ing the facilities sec~ed by proper accommodations, and meeting all their liabilities; while the this a · able system. city banks immediatelyupon the puncture of the speculative bubble, In so ardently commending an increase of banking privileges it having their means to a great extent beyond their reach, and there seems to be proper for me to notice a vulgar prejudice, fostered by fore not available, were obliged to succumb to the storm they had, demagogues, to the effect that national banks are specially favored in many instances, helped to raise. There were but few national by law in exemption from taxatiOn while engaged in a profitable banks in the country that could not and did not meet the demands of busines , and that they also enjoy immunity from taxation while their depositors; and the few that found it necessary to ask a few drawing interest on bonds owned by them and deposited with the days' indulgence from their customers were such a~ had an undue United States Treasurer as the basis of their business. In the :first proportion of their assets intrusted to· the keeping of the banks in place, these bonds were issued for money actually loaned to the Gov the financial centers, and so placed beyond their reach until the city ernment, and they would bear interest whether owned by a bank or banks could extricate themselves from their embarrassment . any one else. .And, secondly, the banks do actually pay back in taxes .Another excellence in the system I seek to extend has been abun very nearly all the interest their bonds draw. I have the authority dantly shown during the last financial troubles. In former times the of official data for affirming that the ag~egate · of taxes paid b~ t.b.e first thing the holder of a bank-note thon~ht of doing when financial national banks is 4t per cent. on their capital. They h'old $380,440,700 disaster overtook the country was to get nd of his note, to exchange in bonds to-secure circulation and nearly $.16,000,000 to secure the it for anything, in the fear that it would prove to be worthless on his United States deposits made wit.h them. But the first item is the one hands. The consequence was that the value of everything sym I have to deal with. Thi ·3 0,440,700 'is made up of $172,651,450 ;:~>t 6 pathized with the distrust of the holder of the bank-note. Now, how per cent, and ' 207,1~9,250 at 5 per cent. The annual interest paid to ever, we have seen that the one thing which everybody considers the them amolll!ts to $20,718,549.50, and the taxes paid by them is very 1874. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. 1513 nearly $18,000,000 a year. Since the organization of the national banks the day of redemption approached. The holders. could make money in 1864, to January 1 1874, they have paid to the Federal and State by letting it lie idle in their hands. It would, consequently, grow governments a sum largely exceeding 100,000,000. In other words, dearer and harder to a-cquire. Those in debt would be driven to these reviled banks, charged with evading taxation, have paid this desperate efforts to acquire it, while it would yet be a legal tender immense sum in taxes for the support of Government. It will be and answer the purposes of gold. observed that the bonds bearing 6 per cent., now owned by the banks, In the mean time what would be the course of the banks? Their are reduced to 172,651,400. All the residue are 5 per cents; and in outstanding notes redeemable in greenbacks or gold are nearly equal the organization of future banks the 5 per cents. are the only bonds to one-half the paper currency. In view of the necessity of redemp available for that purpose, the 6 per cents being now all absorbed. tion, they would draw in their debts and curtail their discounts and .A.s the taxes are 4t per cent., it can be readily seen that the profits of loans. What we saw last fall during the panic, when the question was, the banks for interest on their bonds is not likely to reach any start not how they should redeem their notes, but how they should pa.y their ling figure. So much for that contemptible piece of perversion; and depositors, would be repeated. They must shorten sail and prepare let it pass. . · for the storm. The hurry with which I have been forced to prepare my views for What, then, would be the combined effect of these causes upon the presentation has prevented that extended and elaborate reflection industries of the country¥ It needs no prophet to foretell the uni demanded alike by the importance of the subject in hand and those versal paralysis that mllllt fall upon every form of productive indus to whom my opinions are submitted. But I cannot forego one more try. I might go into details to show the nwdus operandi, but every point to which I invite careful attention. man can see for hi.mself. Opening the way for more banking facilities will retire the green Few people in the western country have the capital accumulated backs, and their place must be filled by national-bank notes. This to carry on manufacturing enterprilje . They depend upon the banks means eventually, and in legitimate supply for the constantly increas to loan them money, and to discount the paper of the customers to ing business of the country, a circulation of, say, $850,000,000 against whom they sell. Money must be had to lay in the raw material, to about $750,000,000 now in use. pay the hands nnd current expenses, or the factory must stop opera. The bonds requisite for security, and as the basis of such a volume tions. Others who buy up the cattle and h ogs, the wheat and corn, of currency, will aggregate 1,000,000,000, mainly at 5 per cent., 4t per of the farmers, must have large amounts of money. But where is cent. of which will be paid back in taxes by the banks. Here, then, this to be had, if the banks, in a spirit of self-preservation, refuse to you have more than one-half the bonded debt of the country really put afloat their notes, which they will soon be required to redeem at carried by the banks as a tribute for the privileges conferred on them, their counters in gold¥ Of course prices must fall. Those who would and so virtually removed from the burdens of the people. And this, in ordinary times, in cities, villages, and the country, make outlays too, coming to relieve a population which ia constantly increasing its of money in building factories, houses, and barns, and in improvin~ numbers and wealth, and consequently its ability to meet the bur and eA.--tending their farms, must postpone all enterprises of the kina dens of a great national debt. While the country is growing up to the until better times. The blow would thus fall first and heaviest upon debt, the debt is provided for by a system of finance worth more than the mechanics and laboring men. Here, again, we may draw an in the billion dollars on which it is based, and yet taking the charge of structive lesson from what occurred last fall, There are thousands the annual interest accruing on this great sum. And when the last of men this winter out of employment in the cities and Villages all billion of our indebtedness comes to be paid, it will be found to be over the land from the scarcity of money. Scarcity is hardly the employed for a purpose which provides for its annual charge effectu word, for the money is all in the country; but is held back from that ally, while securing, at the same time, a currency of inestima.ble value general employment in which it benefited the lender and borrower to the country, of primary importanc~ to its steady growth, repos before the panic. ing in the confidence of all, and enabling our country to pursue its Thus, sir, imperfectly have I sketched what would result in case Con legitimate internal affairs with a complete independence of all influ gress attempted at this time an early resumption of specie payments. ences capable of retarding or obstructing the healthy development of The consequences >wuld be too disastrous to attempt it. Consider for any section, and securing the good of all the people. a moment its effect upon the debtor cla s. If I owe a debt of 1,000 I Mr. PRATT. Mr. President, amid the many clashing theories we could discharge it now with 900 in gold, and my creditor would lo e have in respect to the financial problem, no man may fear to submit nothing by the operation. How ·would it be a year hence, if at that a plan of his own. It was said on Friday by my friend from Penn time specie payments must begin Y It would require $1,000 in gold sylvania, in the course of his remarks, that no three men a,re to be then, besides the interest accrued. At present prices of crops and found who agree with three other men on this question. Therefore property a given amount of wheat, or corn, or pork, or hor e , or cat it is that while counting myself the least capable member of this hody tle will pay the debt. But a year hen( e it may require a fourth or to give advice on so delicate and complicated a question, I venture to third or one-half more of the same property to pay the debt, if specie expre s a few views, not so much with the expectation of influencing payments are precipitated. While the creditor would grow rich in others as to show the reasons that govern the votes I shall give upon the operation, the debtor would be ruined. Constables' and sheriffs' the present and future questions as they shall arise. notices of sales would be found posted up at every eros -roads and So far as I am cap able of generalizin~ the opinions of Senators from every tavern and blacksmith shop over the country. Millions of prop what has occurred here in debate, I think this body may be grouped erty must change hands at ruinous sacrifices in adjusting the differ into three classes: first, those who, if not wholly satisfied with our ences hetween the creditor and debtor. If money were to be had at existing currency, are satisfied to drift along without change; next, all, it would be only at frightfully usurious rates, overwhelmi.ug the those who would improve it by taking measures to make it converti victim at last. We should have abundant use, sir, then, for the bank ble at an early day into gold and silver; and, lastly, those who, seeing rupt law we have been so carefully improving. no hope of early resumption, and feeling the necessity of more money, How would it affect the mercantile cla~s First, it would depreciate would increase the present volume, either by national-bank notes, or the value of their stocks ; next it would arrest their ales; then they greenbacks, or both. All these theories have round their advocates in turn must apply the screw to their customers, in order to pay their on this floor. own debts and save them elves from bankruptcy. Thuseveryfarmer I think I may say of those holding these several opinions that they are and mechanic and common laborer who has obtained credit at the all ~~r~ed upon one thin~-that the best condition of currency would stores or groceries for supplies for his family, must pay his bills or be, li attainable, a mixea crrculation of paper money, and gold and be sued, and run the risk of having his little property sold under the silver, the paper being convertible at anytime, at the will of the holder, hammer. What all these classes of debtors need, and must have to into the precious metals. . arrest ruin, is money; and where, sir, is the money to be obtainecl to I think we are all agreed upon another proposition-that our pres serve such a legion of borrowers ¥ ent paper currency isl in all respects but one, the very best that the Mr. President, if the picture I draw be true, or half true, we could country ever had. It acks, indeed, but a single element of being per put no law or resolution on the statute-book which would cau e such fect, and that is found in the fact that it is not convertible at par into universal distress and ruin to the pro perity of the counrry as afore gold and silver. Steadily has it approached the gold standard, now resumption of specie payments at this time or any other time near at receding for a brief while, and then again advancing, once reaching it hand. within 7 per cent., but now standing at 11 per cent. discount. Most I have no hesitation, therefore, a~ to my duty in voting against heartily do I sympathize with those who would make the paper dollar every scheme loo-kin~ to resum_:ption at this time. I regard it as vision~ the peer of the gold dullar. Gladly ould we all hail the day when ary and impracticable. For twelve years past we have had no use for that instahility in prices should cease which must always exist while gold in the ordinary exchanges of the country, and as a consequence the paper currency varies from the gold standard and rises and blls there is very little of it here, not exceeding 150,000,000 in the whole like quicksilver in the barometer, and nom causes so subtle and recon country. The merchant needs it to pay his duties at the custom dite that no man may predict its quotation on the morrow. house, the importer to pay the difference between what he imports But while we must all agree that the perfect equality between and what he exports, and the Government needs it to pay the interest paper and gold would leave us nothing to desire in our :financial con upon the public debt. If gold be necessary for any other purpo e I dition, we cannot shut our eyes to what must befull the country do not know what it is, unless to pay the rep1·e entatives of our Gov should an attempt be made now to bring around specie payments. ernment in foreign countries their salaries, and to defray the expen es Consider, sir, the vast paper fabric we have reared, amounting to of those who every year in great numbers visit the Old World. From $750,000,000. Let the :fiat go forth that the United Sta-tes will begin all I can learn we end abroad to pay interest and the balance of trade the redemption of its notes a year hence, or two years, and wha.t against us more gold than we produce from our mines or than comes would be the ~ffect Y This money is distributed among forty-one mil-. to us through immigration. How, the-n, should we inaugurate re lioll8 of people, and its purchasing power would increase steadily as sumption except by borrowing the gold t And in what market could 1514 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. FEBRUARY 16, we obtain the amount necessary to begin and maintain specie pay lions, a{lcording to the propo ition of the Senator. from Ohio, and fifty ments' millions, according to the proposition of the Senator from Iowa, for What said the junior Senator from Massachusetts [Mr. BouTWELL] distribution in those States in the South, We t, and Southwest, hav in this debate, the other day, on this head ¥ ]. have his remarks here ing less than their proper quota. If sturdy fighting for the boue they before me, and a-s I regard everything that falls from that gentle have and others crave ever deserved sncces , I am sure the sympathies man's lips as good authority on this question, I beg leave to read a of disinterc ted lookers-on will be with tho e who are in pos ession short extract : in this battle for privileges. But wherefore should united New Eng The Senator from Vermont [.Mr. MORRILL] and the enator from New .Jersey land and New York resist this transfer if the employment by them of [.Mr. FRELINGHUYSEN] have each introduced a bill, the substantive parts of which, this twenty-five millions circulation going abroad on gainful errands a.s far I desire to deal with the bills, are the same. The Government is to borrow to distant regions, and coming back loaded like the thrify bee, is not gold in the markets of the world with which to redeem the outstanding l e~a ~-tender notes. There are two fucts within our own observ:ttion that bear upon tnis prop a valuable franchise to be retained ¥ osition, one of them known to everybody, and the other known to me as an officer Much has been aid in this debate about the injustice of the present of the Government. When the negotiations were going on in London for the sale distribution of the national-bank circulation. I do not care to enter of the largest amount of United States bonds that ba.d ever been sold there a.t one into that question. Every Senator seems to agree that it is a good time, it was foreseen by the Bank of England that a quantity of coin would a But, sir, aside from that, the products• of our own mines during the national banks there, but we have had ample means to carry the cot past year were $73,0001.000. The amount of gold in our land is admitted ton, to send it to New Orleans, to New York, to Liverpool, and to the to be not less than ii!i150,000,000. Let it be thoroughly understood world. that we are determined to make provision at the earliest practicable My friend from North Carolina says, "We want a greater volume of period to have our United States notes convertible into gold, and currency; we are suffering for it much in the South; we want it sent the consequence would be that those notes would appreciate and ap down to our States, so as to enu,ble the planters of cotton to sell their proach gold in value. .And we could resume with a much less a-ccu cotton for a higher price." Send them down depreciated currency, mulation of gold than has genera.lly been supposed. The increase of and thereby appreciate the price of cotton ! I mistake very much his tax suggested-$54,000,000 on the articles named-wouldenable us to constituency if they would indorse that sentiment; but that was his :p~t $47,000,000 of gold in the Treasury, and I believe we have about language. $40,000,000 there now, The Secretary of the Treasury should be au Another distinguished representative from Georgia [Mr. GORDON] thorized to issue bonds, with the proceeds of which he could convert whom I love to hear speak-he is eloquent and I love to go through the gold from our mines into specie, and he should have a reserve of with him in his arguments from time to time, though not agreeing bonds, so tha"!i if the gold failed he could take up t he United St&tes with him upon all points-says the great State of Georgia to-day is notes with the bonds; and thus everybody would see t hat slowly but suffering very much. That is true, but she has suffered reoentlymore with inexorable certainty we were coming to specie payments, and than to-day, however. "But," said he, "at the end oi the second year that, too, without any day being fixed. of the war we were possessed of a million head of cattle, and now we Fixing a day would invite many obstacles. As soon as the con are really reduced to seven hundred thousand. Thereby and therefore viction is created that the notes are to be redeemed, they would be it is absolutely necessary that you send us greenbacks down there to well-nigh equivalent with gold. Then, or even after we have adopted replace our cattle!" That is averyhappyidea. If you will just come a measure looking to resumption, we will be ready to tlntertain prop overtoTexaswe have about ten millions yet. We have as many, and ositions for free banking. more than we have ever had. We are sending them to New Jersey, Mr. President, I hope that, whatever may be done by this Congress, we are sending them to Rhode Island, to the great State of New York, it will not convert our national debt into a basis for a wild-cat circu and elsewhere and they pay us greenbacks. We ask no ~eenbacks lation and for a demoralizing and destructive speculation. from the State of Rhode Island in Texas, not a dollar, unless we can Mr. FLANAGAN. Mr. President, I have been long hesitating as to compete in u, commercial point of view and realize on it, and then we whether I should participate in this debate. Believing as I do, how surely risk nothing in the commercial transaction. We will send you ever, that the question now before us is the question of the session, hides, we will send you our tallow, our cattle, beef, sugar, and we I go fui'ther, and I have no hesitancy in saying at this day, in the will continue to send that which we have been sending for many first year of the second Grant Administration, that it will be found to years; and I regret it not, I envy it not, I pride in it, you have grown be the grand question of that Administration. I propose to say a few rich by it. I speak of the cotton bales; we will send you them, and words upon it. And permit me to say here, in my opening remarks, we will invite in return your currency. It is satisfactory to the that this matter was beautifully portrayed on Friday last when the planters in the South; but depreciate it and it will not be; but we are battle-cry was raised. It wa unnecessary to look at handwritings independent on that score, Mr. President. upon the wall, for it wa clearly manifested in the pa,triotic speeches I might remark here that it has been manifest on the Senate floor delivered on that occasion by my distinguished friend, the Senator from that there are scarcely any two minds agreeing on this great subject. Michigan, [Mr. FERRY,] and the distinguished Senator from Illinois, What is it 7 Are we_le gislating from the tendebcy of the able argu [Mr. LOGAN.] They had been skirmishing here for weeks, but those ments presented here in good faith to redeem the nation's pledges 'I gentlemen thought that the hour had arrived when it was proper to What were theyY Very briefly this: And the United States also make a charge upon the Senate, and a valiant Murat charge we wit absolutely pledges its faith to make provision, at the earliest practi nessed from those distinguished Senators. Would that. I had the cable period, for the payment of the United States notes in coin. power to meet them and dl·ive them back by measuring the lance as There are just twenty-~even words there. Could there be any other ably as they presented it. I know I have not the ability, except that words of a less number more conclusive, representing what the facts the right is upon my side, and upon it I rely. were upon that occasion My distinguished friend from Illinois, Mr. President, it is clear that there is an unmistakable issue here. [1\fr. LOGAN,] who smiles upon the subject, if he had been getting up What is it based upon T The chairman of the Finance Committee, a r6publican platform could not have been more adroit, he could not who has distinguished himself for years on the subject of our finances, have drawn it stronger, for nothing could have been invoked that has presented his plan to the Senate and through the Senate to the would be better calculated to catch votes than that solemn pledge; country. I have listened here for weeks to the various amendments and now I wish to have it borne in mind that at no distant day there that have been proposed from time to time, and I have see!l and heard will be other platforms gotten up, and when they are, this great sub no improvement, in my humble opinion, upon the bill as presented by ject will not be ignored by them. I tell you to-day, when you look to the the Committee on Fin ~Lnco ; and, as far as I am concerned, for one I language of the Senator from Delaware, [Mr. SAULSBURY]-and like propose to stand as nearly by it as I can. Therefore I am evidently wise, too, I might well call your attention to that of his colleague, [1\fr. opposed to any inflation of t he curren-cy. BAYARD]-you will find that the democracy in due time can build up This is no party measure. Tlw,t idoa is repudiated here from the and present a platform, and they will refer the nation to the argu action already realized. We realize it in every speech that is made. ments and the action of the Senate of the UnitedStates; andthelit We see republicans leading, going far in the advance, if you .please, tle State of Delaware, (a few acres, comparatively speaking, with crying out ''More money! More money!" We find the distinguished reference to some other States of the Union,) it may be, will be like Senator from Indiana [Mr. MORTO:N] on that side of the question. I a fire-brand thrown into the grand blaze of the mighty West, and am always delighted to hear his arguments upon any subject, even if they will run over it in the very shortest imaginable period, and they I do not agree with him. He comes down with such power, such vim will beat down republicanism and everything that you can invoke, and physical force, and ·with such intellect, that I am almost ready to and say to the world, "The republicans have been in power, lo, these yield; but he is only man, and he too, I think, errs. Then, upon the many years, and what have t,hey evidenced toward compliance with other side of the Chamber, we hea,r my friend, the distinguished Sena a redemption of their sacred pledges on the subject of the currency¥" tor from the great Old North State, North Carolina, [Mr. MERRIMON,] Not one word can be said for them. "But," says my distinguished cryin~ out "More money!" The language of my friend [Mr. MoR friend near me, [:Mr. MORTO:N,] "keep it in view that some day we TON] 18 very remarko.ble, however, for a great commoner, as the world must resume specie payments." Well, Moses traveled through the accords him as being. "Plenty of money" is his demand. Mr. Presi wilderness for about forty years, keeping the land of Canaan in view, dent, that is a latitudinous word. Plenty! I mi~ht illustrate his and finally he did get it in view, but he never realized it. Does the view in this. In the mean time I would ask, who 1s it that _has ever American nation want to go upon that line any further, to keep it in had plenty of money Y Girard never had, and I believe he was the view, but never get it That is not the idea. We ought to realize; :first millionaire in the United States. The As+ors, following, never we ought to go into the land of coin. That is the desire, and I tell had it; your Vanderbilts never had it. Nay, I could invite your you that this nation has got to come up to it or she goes down. attention to the Senate. Is there a millionaire now hearing me or a Mr. President I shall not invoke all the history known to the world member of this Senate who has had plenty Y Surely not. I have not as to currency, how long one government or another has been in the known one. My friend said "Give us money plenty." That is a very absence of specie payments. It is not necessary. It has been dono good idea. here. My friend from Indiana [Mr. MoRTON] instanced Russia, Prus But says my other friend from North Carolina," Increase the vol sia, Austria, &c., and the argument here is mainly to show the fa-ct ume ; we need money in the South and in t he West ; the country is clearly and conclusively that all the governments of Europe have improving; it is growing vastly." That is all true, Mr. President, done without specie at times; and then they come down to our own and I am delighted to know that it is a fact. I realize it, and I am land, where we have been more happy and particularly blessed in gratified that it is so. Xhe nation is prospering, and we have pros developing the resources of this various and vast territory in the pered to a very great extent in the South in the absence of banks. absence of specie. I envy not any one of these countrie , and I take it Notwithstanding the recent panic, what have we realized in the State for granted that all of them- and I believe such is the history-have that I have the honor in part to represent Y We claimnowto be the lead at the very earliest day that they could, in the language of this prom- ing State in this mighty Union in the growth of cotton. We raised ise, resorted to specie to redeem their pledges. . perhapsnearfi.ve hundred thousand balesofcottonlastyear, that is now The distinguished Senator from Ind.i,ana who ai.ts farthest from me, being carried into market ; and the city of Galveston, one port in our [Mr. PRATT,] in his remarks a short time sinf'..e, I think said some mighty State, will ship three hundred thousand bales of cotton. We thing about Spain having an irredeemable currency. What are the have had no trouble about money there. We have b,adoneor two little facts I took up a newspaper a day or frankly stated that for the purpose of putting down the rebellion in then, give it about forty pilllof calomel or something or other, (and Spain, which has been raging there for years, they have recently one amendment here proposes forty-six millions,) and it will die off promised their soldiers coin for fighting the battles of the country ; so easy, after awhile, without any trouble upon earth, that you will and that is what would be required if the battles of this country had never know what hurt it. [Laughter.] to be fought over again. Tho e ancient pledges would not do again; It is a time that we must act. It was stated the other day in one they would not carry us out in the absence of good faith on the part of the argument here by a Senator that the policy of my distinguished of the Government, ancl it certainly would be out of the question to friend, who had so ably conducted the Trea ury Department, [Mr. rely upon anything of that kind further. BOUTWELL,] was a do-nothing policy. My friend rose to the issue and Do not talli: to me about your amendments here for your fOJ;ty-six spoke correctly on that, because he had been busy, and I had in my or seventy-five millions, going to sea without rudder or compass, and humble views to a very great extent indorsed his action. Wherever tell me that that would be likely to appreciate the currency of the I could not see very clearly I had abiding faith, and arrived at this country. Not a word of it, .Mr. President; everybody knows difl'erent conclu ion: "He understands the question and is all right; I do not from that. Gold is what we want; the currency must be based on exactly;" and therefore I raised no issue. And thus we went on, and that; and if we are not able to do it at the instant, let ns approximate went on prosperously. But then it is said that a great panic has come to it as rapidly as possible; let us show that we are endeavoring to over the country. When that panic ca,me over the country what carry out in good faith the pledge of tho e who have preceded us. were the consequence ¥ Au appeal was m:tde to the President of Some are here now who solemnly helped to enact this law. I think he United States and to the Secretary of the Treasury: "We are they will not be recreant to their pledge. They will be very likely to sliding doW1lward; we are on the maelstrom of convulsion; reach forth be found in good faith, all anxiety to carry it out. your strong arm and give me a position agn.in." A mighty appeal. The next question is this: From all the argument produced here That appeal was not unheard, and to some extent it was responded to. from the distinguished Senators, with all the invocation of authority There is a difference of opinion among different individuals as to how upon the subject of finance of the world, not one of them has intimated far it was correctly responded to. Panics will occur; it is the history the manner, in my humble opinion-! wish to do no Senator injus of the world, and the world is re-enacting history for hundreds and tice-not one has told us how we could return to specie payment, as it thousands of years, and thus it will continue, provided the green is termed. Is it impossible 'I If it is, let us act properly ; let us act b:tcks will last that long, unless you put them on a specie basis. as practical and sensible men; let us just say that such is the fact, All these facts are before us. .My distinguished friend, [Mr. BouT and repeal the law of 1869, repudiate it, and live as we are now living WELL,] in his able speech, thn.t the natiQn received with gl,'eat ap in this happy period, in w_hich the whole nation realizes, as my friends plause because they respected his intellect and his experience, his say, the absence of a specie basis entirely, looking only to currency; pure motives and intentions being known to them to be riO'ht, said it and then all will understand it alike. Let there be no misunderst:md would be very hazardous, enjoying the proud position that we do ing on this subject, but say we never expect to resume. If we do, how npou the subject of the currency, and illustrating it by an army in a is 1t possible under the present programme f I liked the remarks the strong citadel, abundantly fortified to resist any assault from an out other day of my distinguished friend, the senior Senator from Michi side enemy, under any circumstances to make a sally, or to march out gan, [Mr. CHANDLER.] Said he, "Yes; give us more money;" but from one fort to locate in another. It eemed to me at that moment said he, "Give us better money." That is what I want. I want more · that I differed with him, and I did not differ with him only, but I money. Who is it that does not T But give us better money. Giving differed with great precedents that were before him. If I had been us more does not nece sarily show that it will be better. It is directly in command whenMarshalMacMahon was, whentheFrenchEmperor the contrm-y; it will be worse. There is nota mn.n thatis not aware was about to become a prisoner at the feet of the German Emperor, of that fact. with all his goodness of heart a.nd all his magnanimity, as wa abun My friend from Indiana. [.Mr. MORTON] told us that he wanted da.ntly proved afterward to the world, yet there was the Emperor "plenty of money," but then, subsequently, he qualified it, and qun.li Napoleon ill in his care and keeping, I would have made one great fied it very well, but he is still n.t sea; he sn.id "I mean a reasonable sally and tried to have cut my wn.y through and to have declared my quantity." How arc you to ascertain, even by the second scale that Emperor free. I would have done the same if I had been in Marshal he introduces, what is reasonable f When I wa a boy and frequented Bazaine's pla~e on the day he surrendered; and if he had done so and Philadelphia, I heard it stated that there wa-s a poor woman walking died in the conflict the world would have said t h at one of the gren.t along one morning who came to the banking-bone of old Stephen est patriots and generals that had ever been permitted to live had Girard. Tho old gentleman wa.s sitting at the door. Said she, "Mr. departed in a noble act. He failed to do it, and where is he to-dayf Girard, you arc very rich, and I am very poor, not able to buy n.ny sub He is now ignominiously in exile, where the greenbacks at no distant sistence now for the family; I think you ought togiveme something." day will go, unless we come up and make a grand sally to comply Said he, "Certainly, certainly; come in." She stepped in; she wa with the faith of the Govermnent as solemnly pledged. These are one in humble life and wore n.n apron with strings around. She went the facts. ~would have made one grand struggle.} and I would have in. He took her to the specie. Said he, "Help yourself; just take as cut out, and I would have cut into the land of gold, or I would have much as you like." The old woman went to work in good faith, fill died in the ·effort. ing her apron, and she kept filling it until at length she undertook to Again, I ask the Senate whether it is possible that this gordian 1mot get up, and the apron strinO'S broke and away went the money. Said can be cut . They lost sight, it seems to me, of the resumption of he, "Leave me, good old lady; you would never be satiSfied; you can specie payment . They do not desire that, because all the ingenuity, go now." [Laughter.] Just as well might you say that A, B, or C all the authorities, every shadow of intellect are invoked and presented could find plenty, and that it was rea onably plenty; and all would be here to show you that the nation is perfectly happy in the absence of satisfactory. We cannot arrive at that point. coin; and that, therefore, it is idle to talk about a resumption, because Now, the whole matter is this: is it not possible that in the Senn.te you may prostrate the nation, and it would take many years after to of the United States something can be suggested, some propo ition relieve us from the misstep. If yon make that step and you fail, you submitted, even in a crude form, that something may grow out of, di will only have been shoveling in the right direction-in the direction rectly enabling the Government of the United States to resume specie that you have solemnly promised to go. As an individual, as a legis payments f If this was an individual matter in which I was inter lator, as an American citizen, I maintain that this whole matter is ested-and to some extent we have ~ot to look at this great question ea ily solved, and I invoke the attention of the Finance Committee to in that light-what would you do With itf Would you say,'' Keep it the subject in making up their bill finally-for there is none here yet; in view," or "at a convenient season," and all that kind of thing, thero are no half dozen Senators here agreeing upon any proposition "this will all work out right f" In hispleasingremarks-forhenever scarcely; they are halting not only upon two opinions, but upon many. makes one that is not pleasing-the distinguished Senator from Iowa, Now frame a bill and just let the basis be a re umption of specie pay [Mr. WRIGHT,] whom I always love to hear speak, I think invoked, ments in good faith. What are you going to base it upon Y Just let by way of illustration, something about a physician looking to a sick 4;he Treasury of the United States, properly organized, advertise under patient. I accept the idea; and it does seem to me thn.t the pn.tient is the bill that will be framed that the Government will buy every bale ve1-y sick to-day, and here is the distinguished physician close by me, of cotton raised in the South for the next twelve months~ and they [Mr. MORTON,] for, I be]ieve, in this matter he is the leading one; I may thus go on if yon like. What will it realize f I woUld suggest think he has immediate charge of the patient. There are surround that you pay for this cotton in greenbacks. It will not be a.a my dis ing physicians, though, that consult freely. They come to him con tinguished friend from North Carolina [Mr. 1rlERRIMON] now sn~ tinually hero asking after the symptoms and one thing or another; gests, bought with depreciated currency, but they will appreciate this and they go off very well satisfied, because he speaks learnedly, and proposition, and it will be so accepted and received. I would instance thus he passes it off. But there is the patient yet; and what is to be that you say for ordinary cotton 14 cents, good ordinary 16, low mid done 'I The family around the stricken bed have become most seri dling 18, middling 20, good middling 22; there they are. They are ously concerned about this matter, and they appeal to him a little to the natural and the leading classes. That is the true clas i:fication of one side ~~ 0, doctor, tell me, is there any hope Y" [Laughter.] Well, cotton. That will bring an average of 18 cents. What will that do my friend cannot resist the appeal; says he, "If the patient gets a In one point of view it builds up this distre sed portion of the country little better, and grows no worse, he may recover." [Laughter.] So that my friend residing there, as I do, feels so seriously for; not more I with the poor greenbacks. hope than I do; and it will give the cotton planter a fine price for his But what are we admonished of in this particular' When the cotton, and in doing so it is not an inflated price, it is just about the patient was first presented and the physicians brought in, the pulse average that has been reneived by the cotton planter ince the war. then, I think, was aoout the tune of 106 or 108; now it is up to 112 Since the war the sales of the great staple there have averaged 18 or 113; and it is certainly growing worse every day under their skilled cents. We will make this year four million bales of cotton. Put them treatment. There is no relief, and it is growing worse daily. Now, at 75 a bale, if you like, and there you will have 300,000,000. 1874. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. 1519 My friend from Georgia, [Mr. GoRDoN,j"in ills remarks the other day, man. He knew the whole history of the country, in every sense of said that during the war England exported cotton to th~ United the word, and yet I never indorsed his theory. I was upon the other States. That was correct. Why did she do soY Because she was able side of t.be question with Clay, Webster, and a host of others who to sell it in New York for one dollar amd one dolL'1r and a half a pound. were national-bank men. I believe in a national currency, but I want Well might she export it and make money by the exportation, and the a good one; I wa.nt a solid one; I want it to be such a one as was exporter realize a fine speculation thereby. It occurred to me that I contemp~ated when Congress provided that at the earliest practicable would too if ! could get a contract ; I would agree to d~li.ver in the city moment It should be redeemed, and that there should be no increase of Washington, on the banks of the Potomac, a million pounds of of the volume until that sacred promise was performed. cotton in twelve months. I would obligate myself to grow it within Now, if the United States Government will take bold of the cotton twenty miles of the city, going into Maryland and into Virginia. I it will benefit the South; it will give them a stable price. The prices would bring the cotton here for a dollar a pound. I would leave the that I indicate are reasonable. A stimulus will be given to produc cotton regions and come here and make it at one dolla,r. The price regu tion ; .cotton will be grown ; and I care not if they reduce the pro lates it. Cotton has been raised ever since I was a boy in the neighbor duction to t hree million bales, three millions will bring just as much hood here. When I wa a boy they used to pick it around the fireside as four millions. We have all manner of experience on this subject. with a little gin, fronting each other, turning the screws and making I could have brought the data to. establish these facts very ea-sily the clothes, &c. You can make cotton here, but it will not pay as it but I did not think it necessary to present more than one or tw~ will in the South. That is the only difference. But put it at a dollar authorities. The authority that I now appeal to is one that will be a pound and many would give up hay and tobacco and go to growing ~stm;tly recognized a.s meritorious, and I think it is more directly cotton. That is the reaaon why England exported cotton during the m. porn~ than all the booJ.:s that have been read by my distinguished war. "Ah, but," say you, ''woUld you have the nited States Govern friends. m the cours~ of thiS deba~e. But before presenting my main ment turn cotton factor, speculator T" What is it the United States authonty, let me give you a vmce from Texa , the State that I in Government does not do 'f What is it an honest man should not do pa.rt represent, and I read from a letter published in the Galveston that is legitimate and proper to discharge his solemn obligations T News of the 17th instant : · When you prepare for battle to repel an inva-sion, or to meet your foe VICTORIA, Febr·uary 1, 1874. on whatever field, your officers go out and buy the subsistence of E~ITORs. NEWS: The~e is a good deal of improvement going on in this city. Busmess 1s very good JUSt now. The streets h.'tve been crowded with wao-ons war; you buy all the materials that are necessary and recognized as delivering and hauling off goods, during the week. Cotton is coming in freely ·"'they correct by the proper officers ; you buy them for the general welfare are paying from ten to twelve cents a pound (specie) for it. ' of the nation. Is it not for the general welfare, in the language of the Constitution, to provide the means to pay this great national debt-¥ Not the .depreciated currency that my friend from North Carolina Can you do it 'I I say unmistakably that you can; I submit it beyond wants. Texas does not want that sort of money.· We want the spe a doubt. We have got the cotton; there has been no year for several cie, and we have got it there. years past that the South has not produced $300,000,000 worth. You They have received and shipped from here, since the 1st of Septembe:r last, four may talk to me about the cotton being moved. What power moves. teen hundred and fifty·Six bales. the cottonY Whence comes the capital to do itT England, France, Remember, this is a small country town. and other countries buy the cotton. They send their coin here, and The farmers are busy plowing and getting ready to plant. The weather has their bills of exchange. They know no greenbacks. We do not been delightful the past week. Everybody is planting and setting out fruit trees. A freedl:nan in the employ of the corporation, while digging on a vacant lot yes accept them from them on the payment of their duties; and the t erday, dug up forty Spanish dollars. They bore the nates of 1812 to 1819. It Government cannot pride itself very much on that either; and if caused quite an excitement among the freedillen. they object to the one, they ought to wipe out the other as being con sistent. Then we have the means, I maintain, to buy the cotton. It That is the idea. We want to dig the gold there, and we are real is a simple proposition. It may be said that the planter will not izing it; but now, when we plow and hoe our cotton, we realize take the price suggested. Very good; there is the Government stand greenbacks. I do not want to interfere with my friend from Rhode ard, and he who will give more for it let him buy it, all equal and Island, or with any of the Eastern States, and the capital they may uniform. There is nothing objectionable on that score. No man is have had under the law. compelled to sell, but he looks to his own interest. Is it my interest Now I come down to the authority that illustrates more happily thus to do Y • and conclusively the action of the Senate than anything I have heard I ma,y be asked again, where is the money to come from, even the invoked or presented as authority from any portion of -the civilized greenb:w.ks to purcha,se the cotton f My answer will be very simple, world. It is a document that everybody will recognize as first-rate withoutha,ving matured that branch of the subject as it should be done. a,uthorlty. It is Frank Leslie's illustrated Newspaper. [Laughter.] Commence with $5,000,000 ; we can at any time in the world mise I find here a cartoon [exhibiting it to the Senate] illustrating the that; then go into the market, go to New Orlea,ns, to Charleston, go debate in this body, entitled- to the large markets with your agent , and commence buying. Where THE GREAT PAPER DELUGE-THE ARTIFICIAL SEA IN THE PLAY OF "MO:!s~Y" IN will you sell, where is your customerf England, with her ships at THE NATIONAL THEA(!'ER. SHERMAN (sounding for bottom-gold basis)- I'm sure I almost touch bottom and your wha,rves every moment in the day of every yea,r, seeking ca,rgoes if you would only stop those porpoises from agitating this greenback o>ea, we viould of cotton for the spindles of Emope. There is the coin to buy it. certainly get down to hard-pan. All the "rings" that ma,y be invoked in Wall street, all the specula Then comes my friend SCHURZ. I was delighted when he made tions that may be spoken of directly or otherwise, are as a shadow his speech. I rema,rked at the time be has approximated pretty nea,rly when you come to establish the price of cotton in the Liverpool board. the thing. There was no mistake about that. I was delighted to That is telegraphed to every southern port three times a day every bear him, and so stated. Here you see he comes with his pole, and day of the year. There is the price ; nothing else has anything to do he says : with it. When you say to them, "Here is the Government agent to buy the cotton," is there anything more serious in that than there I think I touched the solid rock- was in sending our distinguished Secretary of the Treasury, Mr. Rich He had pretty strong faith, [laughter]- ardson, to England to sell our bonds Y We went begging, we went to but these inflationists have roilecl the water so much that it is hard to tell England to sell our bonds, for w batT For coin. We need not do But now comes the old physician : that. So they will be compelled to go to the United States to buy MORTON, (to KELLEY.) These fellows think they have touched bottom, but if the cotton. They will clo so, too. They do not care about any other they had our fish-eyes they would see that their poles are a long way from the hard consideration. They will bring you the gold. The very moment you pan yet. commence to purchase up the five millions, more or less, confidence You were admonished, Senators, a few moments since by the dis will be restored throughout the land . . The whole South will respond tinguished Senator from New Jersey, [Mr. FRELL~GHUYSEN,] that "Well done." They are determined to pay Sl)ecie to redeem their the people bad their eyes upon you. You are responsible to them. solemn pledge. That being the fact, we would simply be in the con They have their eyes on you, and telling them" I will keep that in dition of the Frenchman, as the story goes, who had deposited his view" will not answer the purpose. You have got to bring out the money with a merchant. He heard a rlimor, as rumors are common, greasy wallet, untie it, and say, "Here is the money I owe you." Tom that the mercban was in a failing condition. He ran to the merchant Benton stood up here in the Senate with his purse, with the yellow with great anxiety and said, "I want my money." "Well," said the boys shining through the interstices, and the agitation that he raised merchant, "wait a bit, and I will give it to you," but the Frenchman spread over the country like fire through a prairie. It brought persisted in clamoring for his money. At length the merchant got down Nichola-s Biddle, the great Clay, Adams, and a mighty host. rid of the customer he wa.s waiting upon at the time, took the Then there was a panic in 1836, such a one as I hope never to see Frenchman into another room, got the key, and commenced opening again. Talk about your free banking! Then there was free banking. his safe to pay the money. "What," says the Frenchman, "have you "Give us any banks but a national bank," was then the cry. The got him!" The merchant replied, " Certainly ; if you demand it, land offices paid a great deal of money into these banks. They ~Specu here it is for you." "0," said the Frenchman, "if you got him, me lated upon the people. It is recollected by the people yet. I have no want him!" [Laughter.] not time to elaborate and go into that history. I merely call your , The people would have no use under the sun for the gold if they attention to it. Those facts are not yet forgotten, and to-day we art} just knew that their paper money was convertible into gold. I would upon the same line precisely. The Government's money was deposited rather have a national-bank note to-day than the gold, for almost any in banks all over the Union, and then the cry was, "Give us more purpose, if I knew that it woulll command the g-olcl. Hut I want to money; the South and the West want it." They got it. Mississippi, know that fact, and then I shall be satisfied. I walk in the footsteps Alabama, and the other Southern States, and the whole country, wert" of that great encyclopedia,, Thomas H. Benton, for he was a learned flooded with it. I frequently traveled upon the steamboats at that day. 1520 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. FEBRUARY ,16, Railroads were not in existence. When I would go up to the office pa.ssed, but for more than half a century- you shipped your ho~s to pay my bill, going to Philadelphia or elsewhere, some Southerner heads, boxes, or packages of tobacco, be they wh.at they may, to Liv would always lead, and he would step up and pull out a great roll of erpool. When it goes into the Queen's wa,rehouse the intrinsic value money, and he would pay, say, twenty dollars. All I had to ~o then, may be only three-pence, six-pence, eight-pence, orten-pence, and yet in a very humble way, as that order of things was not recognized in when the m111mfactUI·er or consumer withdraws it from the .Queen's Texas, as we had not plenty of money, would be to pull out ten dol wa,rehouse it has to pay a revenue of seventy-five cents in gold, there lars, and go along as quietly as possible, and my ten dollars carried by realizing millions of dollars annually out of our tobacco crop. me over the same ground precisely, and upon an equality exactly with What does the French government doT The French government the twenty dollars of the man from some other Southern State. The makes a monopoly of it. They send their agents here; they are in States that realized this great blessing of" plenty of money" had to the tobacco markets of the United States, and they make their selec pay two for one. That was their history. tion. They _buy a fine light tobacco, unlike England and Germany; A conversation once occurred between a gentleman and a citizen they buy different grades. The French government buy the fine of Arkansas during that unfortunate period of our history. when nearly light toba,cco. They sell it to their subjects, thereby realizing an all the southern banks repudiated and went by the board. This immense revenue by popularizing it; but it is a speculation to sup Arkansas gentleman said he understood the subject of currency very port the government. Then may we not buy our cotton, or become well; he was a good financier. Said he, "Just issue more money, and the agents for all those who will recognize us as such, and sell the scale it in the :first instance down to seventy-five cents; if you have cotton of the Union to the world' They will come in and they will plenty, t hat is all that is neces ary. When that begins to be a little pay you gold for it; and that gold will give confidence, and in the hard, just issue more, and put it down to fifty cents; and then after absence of confidence it will replenish your coffers to that extent that you scale it two or three times, just repudiate the whole." [Laugh you will thereby be enabled to pay gold beyond any doubt. ter.] Sir, that is the way you will end here, if you go on in this way. :Mr. President, if I had time I would say more; but I will not detain If you yield to this ory, "Give us more money; give us plenty of the Senate longer. money," where is the stopping point 'I You will never rea,ch it; and Mr. -!3UCKINGHAM. Mr. President, the Finance Committee, when finally the proposition will come here to repudiate the whole, and they reported this bill, appea,r to have had a single object in view, there will be the end of it. and that was to provide some way by which the act of 1870, requiring I know something about financiering in a small way. Texas has a re~tribution of a portion of the national-bank currency, could be been a State of this proud Union for about thirty years, and I recol ca,rned out. The members of the Senate are not quite satisfied, a is lect I was one of the members of her :first LeiTislature. We owed perfectly evident, with that idea, and the effort has been to ingraft a about $1:J,OOO,OOO of debt that had been honest1y contracted for the good many other propositions upon this bill; so many, that it appears redemption and the liberty of Texas, that mighty territory, from to me that this discussion will be of some benefit to the Finance Com Santa Anna and his minions; and, by the way, I see that Santa is on mittee, and if this bill should be referred back to them they would be his w&y back home to Mexico again. [Laughter.] Well, sir, upon enabled to present another bill that would be more in harmony with that occasion, when I was a candidate for the Legislature, I had not the views of the majority of the Senat.e. With that view I move that a great deal of experience. One of my competitors, however, was a the bill be referred ba-ck to the Committee on Finance. very wise man, a wordy man, and, said he, "Fellow-citizens, elect The PRESIDING OFFICER, (Mr. SPENCER in the chair.) The me to the Legislature, and I will go there and financier." He did Senator from Connecticut moves to recommit the bill to the Committee not know the meaning of the word for all that. Everybody expected on Finance. Is the Senate ready for the que8tion f to hear something then. Thinks I to myself, " Good God ! he has got Mr. MORTON. Mr. President, I am satisfied that there are a num me now." Said he, "I will take one and make two;" and there he left ber of Senators here who wish to speak on this bill, but are not pre the subject. [Laughter.] That is what we are doing now. We are pared to do so now. getting ·directly to that point. We are going to ta,ke one and make · The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Chair did not understand the two. Senators do not exa,ctly tell us the process, except "Give us remark of the Senator. plenty of money; tha,t is all we want; do not talk about gold; it will Mr. MORTON. For my part I see no advantage to be attained by ruin the country; the country must be saved; it is our bounden duty referring this bill back to the committee. Already nearly three to do this; the people expect it of us." Can you take one and ma,ke months of this session have been lost, so far as financial questions are two f If you can, and the two, as my friend from Michigan expressed concetned. The committee first brought forward a resolution which it, will be better than what we have now, then I indorse it. was of a doctrinal or sentimental character, which in itself involved I want mor~ money, but if it is not to be better than that which no measure, and the Senate was amused and entert.ained with that we have, I have no use for it under the sun. We have plenty of it. for about two months. Then they brought about this twenty-fLve I a,m fond of it. The citizens of my State take it pretty freely now, million bill, confessedly a half-way, not even a third of a way measure. although for a considerable period they did not. They had been It was originally, in 1870, only a crust, and is Iiow brought forward most awfully burned with paper money in the ea,rly days of the simply as a. little soothing-sirup, for the purpose of tiding this thino confederacy. "When that money first came out, patriotism was so over. I do not see what we have to gain by now referring this bill bac~ rampant that you could not find a Jew in the whole country who to the committee. We understand what the sentiments of that com would not give a hundred dollars in gold for a hundred-dollar confed mittee are. · I believe they have all expressed themselves. We under erate bill. You could not have got that fellow into the army in God stand what the views of the chairman are; they have been repeat Almighty's world in any way, [laughter;] but he wanted to show his edly declared upon this floor. This question will ultimately have to patriotism, and he would say, "I love this money; it is good; give be settJed in the Senate. It is now before the Senate. I think it me that hundred-dollar bill and here is the gold. for it." The moment better to keep it here until we come to a vote. If my friend from the conscript law was passed, that fellow wa.s across the Rio Grande Connecticut, who I know has true expediency always in view as well into Mexico. [Laughter.] I remember that a, bout that time a man as what is right, can show what is to be gained by .referring it back, was coming along with a led horse, and I asked him what he would I shall cheerfully yield to him, for one. take for it, and he said $100. I pulled out 100 in confederate money, lli. BUCKINGHAM.. Mr. President, I do not know that I am cor and he said certainly he would take it. In about two years I could rect in my judgment, but my impression is that this discussion has have got a,bout 2,000 for that horse, and yet when he was valued a,t brought out so clearly the views of different Senators as to show $2,000 I could not have put him in the ma,rket and realized ten dol that we cannot harmonize on this bill; and my object in moving that lars in gold for him. it be recommitted to the committee is in the hope that they may pre It will not do for my friend from North Carolina to talk about sent a bill, after this discussion, which will more completely harmo sending down this currency to the South to buy the cotton with, a,nd nize the views and which will command without any real difficulty a getting an enlarged price for it. The people of the South want vote of the majority of this body. I will say still further that I money. They have had too much of this inflation. During the pappy think from this discussion they will endeavor to present a. bill that day of the rebellion, as a great many of them considered it, they would will meet the views, as far as possible, of those members of the Sen admit that they had plenty, and a. little too plenty. Then the people ate who feel aggrieved that they have not a. full proportion, or what were told, "If you will just deposit up this money we will give you they call a proportion, of the currency ; and I thi.nlf., also, they would good money, two-thirds of its face value. We will give seventy-five present a bill which would come nearer than anything which has yet cents to the dollar, two thousand for three thousand." What a grand been presented to meeting the views of those who. think there is no speculation! That was to be good money, however. - other salvation for our financial difficulties than by inflation. I do Sir, promises of that sort will not answer. We must be up and not know how far they would go in that direction, but it seems to me doing if we intend to redeem the pledge of the nation. If we would that they would not present a bill unless they tho~ght it was one tha,t make the people happy let them know th.at we have endeavored to would command the vote of the Senate. appreciate rather than depreciate the currency of the country. Mr. SCOTT. Mr. President, I have no doubt that all Senators are I hope that the attention of the Finance Committee will be directed becoming exceedingly anxious to have something practical before us to the cotton bales. If my friends MoRTON, ScHURZ, and the chair on this subject of finance. It was my intention at one time to have man of the Finance Committee-the last :first-had only had cot spoken on the general subject, after the resolution was reported from ton bales attached to their poles when sounding for bottom in the the Finance Committee; but the drift of the discussion upon that res pictme that I exhibited to the Senate, the gold would have spouted olution soon satisfied me that it would be better if we could direct up and there would have been no trouble about the foundation at all. our discussion to practical measures when they were presented. We have got it ; it is ours. Now, first, what did that resolution propose for the consideration of We export millions of dollars' worth of toba,cco to England every the Senate 'I It proposed, in the :first place, the question of how and year; .and since I was a boy-I ~o not recollect now when the bill when the UnitedStatescurrency was to be redeemed, and that question 1874. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. "1521 was deemed almost synonymou~ with the question of how and when to their jn<4,rrmen t. I therefore, on the whole, shall vote for the recom specie payments were to be resumed, although I think they are in mittal rather than continue this discussion for a long time when tho some respects different. The second question which it presented was result will probably be unsatisfactory and incomplete. ' what quantity and what character of currency shall be provided for Mr. LOGAN. Mr. President, I feel as though this would be a very the wn.nts of business. The discussion went on upon those questions strange proceeding at this time. .Aftel' a discussion involving several for several weeks. Then the Finance Committee reported the bill weeks of time in reference to various propositions that are presented which is now under consideration, a bill simply to carry into effect the to the Senate without a. vote on a single one of them, without O'ettin these restrictions and opening it to all the associations in different the controversy. You do not avoid the discussion; and I pledge you States and counties of this country, I ask the Senate to tell me by my word you d& not avoid the vote. , what other mode you will arriv-e at that tha.n the one that is-proposed I have learned in my short life that nerve is a very good thing, here to-day T Does it require a committee to prepare a long bill to properly exercised. Boldness is not alway best, but generosity J,S provide for extending the banking privileges that now are exercised always good; and I hope this committee and its friends will not be so under the laws of this country to others than those who exercise lacking in generosity toward their fellow-Senators on this flom· that them! I presume not. Four lines will do it. Merely provide that they will try to avoid having a vote on these propositions. It is bet the restrictiom are repealed so far a.s circulation is concerned, and ter that they be settled now. It is better that that committee to-day you have the whol~ thing. It does seem strange to me that a com should have the nerve to stand by their proposition here ::tnd let us mittee must examine this question and revise the proposition when vote on it than it is to make a retreat thron~h and under the cover you have one before you, as fair a one as you can draft in a month's of an ambush in order to get a new propos1tion before the Senate. time. If that is the view of the Sen~te, let us vote upon it; and if Why, sir, it is an inglorious retreat. It is a. 1·etreat with your drums the Senate vote down the proposition of the Senator from Penn mu:ffied, no sound heard to tell the course you e ·taking. If I am sylvania, [Mr. CAMERON,] which is merely to extend the banking defeated in a contest, I will acknowled~e it. If I am beaten, I will privileges and banking facilities 'o othoc people of this country be go .down 'vith my colors flying; and I will make the drums sound the sides those that now have them under the law, be it so. I myself am louder, to let the enemy know that I am still alive. But this is a in favor of his propo ition, and I am just as well prepared to vote for piece of strategy not new in legislation-often re orted to by men it now~ I shall be when it goes through your hands, sir; and I want who are stricken with a fit of alarm in reference to the success of to vote for it because it is a fair and hone t proposition. It gives to their proposition or their measure. The idea that tho Finance Com the people of this country equality of rights under the law in refer mittee should ever get alarmed, when it has controlled the Senate I ence to banking; it restricts the privileges of no man; it gives tho Mr. SHERMAN. I hope my friend from Illinois will not speak of trade of this country a right to move in its own channels; it gives it this motion coming from the }mance Committee. They haye offered the power to control, either in large amounts or small amounts, the no such p1·oposition. currency of the country; it leaves that to bo either expanded or con Mr. LOGAN. I beg the Senator's pardon; I did not allude to him. tracted by the wants and necessities of commerce and trade among ~~- SHERMAN. I did not make this motion, nor did any member the people; it leaves it in that condition that the people of this of the Finance Committee. It 'was offered by a gentleman not :1 country require things shall be left, because the judgment of the member of the Finance Committee. Indeed I hesitated about how Republic-and when I say "the Republic" I mean the majority of I should vote. I have bad no consultation about it. If the Senator the people in this country irrespective of political associations or thinks we are going to eva.de any contest on the subject he is yery political parties-is against the moneyed power of this country being much mistaken. restricted to a few capitalist.s; and the time will come, if not now so Mr. LOGAN. No; I did not say a contest, but a' vote. expressed by the voice of this Senate, that that voice will be heard Mr. SHERMAN. I am willing to take the vote to-day. in thunder tones throughout the land reverberating all over it ; for Mr. LOGAN. We have had the contest; we have discussed it for that is the sentiment of this country; it is the sentiment of all free weeks; and now we want the vote. If I am wrong in s::tying the people. It is right and it is just, and it belongs to each and every Finance Committee did not care anything about this, I beg their par man to exercise tho same right under tho law that belongs to any don for having said so; but strange discoveries are constantly made, other man. and I notice that ea,ch one of the Finance Committee who ha spoken in This is a mere dodge-I call it by its right name-it is a mere dodge reference to it bas concluded it will be best to 'refer this bill. How to get this thing back in the hands of the committee, and there it they could have been convinced so readily by the argument of my may not see the light of day again. I do not mean that they will friend from Connecticut I do not know; but yet they seem to acqui refuse to report a proposition, but they will not report this proposi esce very meekly and mildly, and think it is a very nice thing to have tion; and why T Because the maJority of that committee are against the bill go back, because they are so much more able to prepar~ a bill it as evinced by the declarations on this floor. This proposition suits than the .).'est of us, and when they bring it back we can vote intelli me, and I hope it suits a majority of the Sena.tors in this Chamber. If gently I I say nothing of this kind with a view of reflecting on that we fail in extending the privilege that are exerci•ed by a few to the committee; for I have the highest respect for them as gentlemen and many, then let us take the vote on the next proposition. If we, who Senators, and for their abili~y. But with all their ability, I say to believe in extending the privileges under the law to the many thn.t them that they differ with the views of some of us; and while they are now exercised by the few, are in a minority here to-day, it is very differ with ns, they have no right to smother this· thing and prevent a easy to test that question, and if we are, we will as cheerfully yield as vote. That is what I say, and that is what I mean. men ever did, here or elsewhere. We will not ask that you recommit it A fair, simple issue is placed before the Senate to be decided; and to us; we will not try any pranks c;>f legislation, but we will yielcl to :1 vote to recommit the bill to the committee is a vote against the the voice of the enate, and let that decide the question. various propositions that have been before the Senate; nothing more, Then, next, if the proposition of the Senator from North Carolina nothing lesa. When will this committee report f They asked for [Mr. 1\.IERRIMON] is acceded to, that is a pl!tin proposition. What is instructions. They came to the Senate and asked us to instruct them itf That $46,000,000 of currency in excess of what is already in cir how they should report. Now they very maturely say, ' Let it all be culation shall be issued. How issued. Issued to banks that are now referred to us again without a vote as to how we shall be instructed." organized, or may be organized in States having le than the amount You ought not to have a ked us to instruct you; yon ought not to of currency to which they are entitled under the law. The authority ha.ve requested it from the Senate, if it is not that we are to have a there is given to the Secretary of the Treasury to i ue the amount vote now. To recommit this bill means to hold it until a plan can of currency to the banks that may apply for it up to the limit of be matured by minds differing from one another, which will be late in $46,000,000. There is a plain and simple proposition that all can un the session, perhaps, and then to occupy the balance of the session in derstand. discussing the question, with the result that no proposition will be· If that is voted down, what next T Then the proposition is, shall passed at all. That would suit my friend from Ma.ssachusetts, [1\Ir. we distribute 25,000,000 of currency to those States having less than BoUTWELL,] because h,eis rather between the two; he does not 'Yant tho a.mount they are entitled to; or if th::tt is not su11icient, then the anything; he wants to ''let well enough alone." That is his idea, amendment of the Sen::ttor from Iowa, [Mr. WRIGHT,] proposing to precisely. I think there are a good many others who feel that they . substitute $50,000,000 in lieu of the 25,000,000. These propositions would rather have nothing done, and that this is a good wa.y to do are all simple; and .these questions belon~ legitimately to this bill, nothing. That is the idea I get from this proposed reference. and cannot be avoided if it is recommitted ::tnd re-reported. Why, If .there are friends to any of these propositions, I hope they will sir, does this Finance Committee suppose that when this bill goes back stand by them and let us have them settled and decid~d now ; and to them, and they re-report it, we are abridged in our right to move when I say "now," I do not mean this moment; but I mean let the amendmentsY Do they presume that we are restricted from moving discussion go on until everybody has said what he desires to say, and the same propositions ·here on this floor that we have now movedf then let us vote on the different propositions. If the Committee on I give you notice that you may refer as often as you choose, but you Finance desire-and I make this suggestion to them-theso proposi never will get rid of :1 vote on these propo itions in this Senate Cham tions as merely instructions to them, they have a right to move ber until they are decided. You may mark that down in your books. amendments here; let them move amendments; let them attempt to You cannot avoid it; we intend to have the votc,andyoumayrecom change them as they desire in the instructions as to what kind of a mit as long and as often as you ploase, but you cannot dodge the issue bill they shall report ; and then we shall get the sen~:~e of the com that you have brought here, and that is pre ented now to the Senate. mittee; and in these various ways we shall get the sense of the Sen No such maneuvering as this will avoid the issue on this proposition. ate on these different propositions. It cannot be done in that way. You might jut as wollfucethemusic Mr. MORRILL, of Maine. lli. President, this is a proposition to one time as another, because you have got to face it some time, and recommit; and to recommit, I suppose, means to recommit the original we might just ::ts well have it out now as at any other time. • bill to the committeo, and all that is pending. I have listened to my Your reference to the committee a,gain will do what J It will repro honorable friend from Illinois with interest, of course, but with no duce the same arguments over and over again that we have had here littlesurprise. What is this bill thatcomes from the committee! If; for months past, ::tnd more too. It will bring about the sane discus is to execute a law found to be defective, which wus pa.ased in 18i0 sion; and you cannot avoid it when yon brino- in your new proposi- for the purpose of meeting the views of certain gentlemen in certain - tion. Each and every man will desire to expre his opinions, and section of this country, which have been largely reproduced since those opinions will be ex11res ed anyhow by those who have aheady this question has been reopened. The Committee on Finonce, who ex pres ·ed their views. Hence you a. void nothing. You do not avoid are the financia.l organ of this body, say that they had no reason to - ) 1874. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. 1523 apprehend that anybody o.nywhere, who at any other time desired to execute) was before the Senate, it was said that there were com this proposition, would be in a condition to oppose it now; and pre munities and States that ha,d not their fair proportion of the banking cisely upon what principle it is that those who in 1870 insisted upon currency of this country. That wa-s true. It was true then; it is this proposition ohould refuse to accept it now is what it is a little true now, undoubtedly, that is, in the sense in which it was spoken; bit difficult for me to understand, either in logic or upon any other and it was demanded that there should be redistribution of the cur rency, and also that there should be an enlargement of the circula groundWhy,. .nuu-p. res1 'd"th en , ere IS· a srmp· 1 e propos1"ti on from the Comm1 "t - tion. l\fy recollection of it is, that fifty-four millions of bank cur tee on Finance, involving nothing in the world but a redistribution rency were added with a redistribution of twenty-five millions. The of the sum of 25,000,000 which is claimed, nay, is demanded by cer $54,000,000 have been divided to the St ates who had not their propor tain States who have not their proportion of the currency; it was tion of the circulat ion. That has been executed. It remains only to demanded in 1870, and that demand has been iterated and reiterated execute the · 25,000,000 provision; making an increase of $54,000,000, here-I will not say constantly from that time down, but repeatedly, and the redistribution of $25,000,000, making "79,000,000 distributed and to-day by my honorable friend from Indiana over the way, [Mr. to the States who were supposed not to have had their fair propor PRATI,] in language impugning somewhat the communities in the tion of the circulation. East who are supposed to have an excess of this circulation. · What was the ch aracter of the proposition f Was it supposed by And now my honorable friend from Illinois arraigns the Committee anybody here then or now that in the year 1874 these communities on Finance as cherishing a purpose in some adroit way to circumvent would come here again and demand more in the way of equalizing the the well-ascertained judgment and sense of this Senate, a-s he assumes, cmrency among the States T Was there any intimation to that effect Y on the whole question of finance. Well, Mr. President, I have been Had anybody any reason to suppose that in 1874 we should be dis a very attentive, a quite candid, and a rather disinterested listener to cussing that question again! I do not tbink so. I do not suppose what has taken place on the subject of finance since this bill came anybody believed it. Now, sir, the demand is just as exigent a,s it in-- wa-s then; "more money," in other words more currency, more irre Mr. LOGAN. Does the Senator mean to say that I asserted what deemable paper; not one step toward specie pn.yments, none contem was the well-a-scertained judgment of the Senate Y plated, none expected, apparently none desired; but more irredeemable Mr. MORRILL, of :Maine. No; I do not assert it; but the langua~e paper. What is the effect of that f The indefinite postponement, of of my honorable friend, and the n.ir of triumph, and the spirit I? course, of any demand, or desire, or expectation of a return to specie which he n.pplied himself to what he called the strategy and strategic payments. Thn.t is the effect of it, as everybody 1..""D.ows. It runs.: movements of the committee to circumvent, leave you inevitably trates this great fact, wbichnobody need k eep out of mind : the more with the inference that there is a well-ascertained judgment n.nd you hs,ve of this irredeemable money the more you will need. Issue sentiment here which, by some adroit movement of legisln.tion, is $50,000,000 to-day, and you will need 100,000,000 two years hence. about to be circumvented. That is what I mean to say he gave us to There is no end to the demand which follows the i suo of irredeem understand. able paper; and the fact that we stand here to-day he itatin~ to exe Now, for myself, having carefully considered this whole question cute tho logisln.tion of 1870, unless there cn.n be added to it $5u,OOO,OOO so far as it has been presented, no thorough conviction has been pro of currency, is conclusive evidence in my mind of the pernicious duced on my mind at n.ll in any direction ; and I should like to see tendency of this sort of legislation. the man that has been able to gn.ther out of all that has been said I shall vote, Mr. President, to recommit this bill. here anything like a settled j udgment upon any one proposition of Mr. WRIGHT. Mr. President, the pending proposition, I under finance. The sentiments and opinions that have been introduced here stand-- and discussed have been as diverse as the propositions, and they are Mr. CAMERON. The discussion of this question is becoming so many. Out of all this is there n.ny enlightened judgment of the Sen interesting that I think the country will gain profit by lettinrr it con ate to-day on the q nestion of finance Y And are we to be told that on tinue a day or two longer. Therefore I move that we now"'go into a single proposition involving no question of finance at all, nothing executive session. but providing for the execution of a proposition originating four The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Senator from Iowa ha-s the years ago, it is either legitimate or fit or proper to discuss the whole floor. question of finance, and that upon a moment we who are not skilled l\ir. WRIGHT. I yield to the Senator from Pennsylvania for tha.t in these matters are to make up our judgments without the aid of the purpose. orO'an of the Senate upon this question; that we are to make up our The PRESIDENT pro tcmpm·e. Before putting the question on that ju:igment and are to mn.ke it up n.t once on these propositions as they motion, the Chair will ask leave to clen.r his tn.ble. · come upon us thick and fast, day after day- propositions so extraordi HOUSE BILLS REFERRED. nary in their character as that I think almost any man who has the good of his country at stake would hesitate to vote upon them with The following billsfrom'the House of Representatives were sever out a great deal of deliberation and opportunity for consideration 7 ally read twice by their titles, and referred to the Committee on Let us see. Claims: My honorable friend says he is ready, willing, n.nxious, to vote for .A. bill (H. R. No. 1580) for the relief of the heirs of .A.s bury D ickins ; the proposition of the Senator from Pennsylvania, [1\Ir. CAl\IERON,] .A. bill(H. R.No. 1581) for the relief of GeorgeS. Wright, adminis and that this effort of the committee, to whom he n.ttributes the effort t.Iator of the estate of John T. Wright, deoeased; and to get the subjeqt back to the committee, is to smother that proposi .A. hill (H. R. No. 1583) for the relief of Charles J . McKinney, of tion. Does my honorable friend know thn.t thn.t is not before the Tennessee. Senate at all, n.nd has not been! .A.ncl are we ready to discuss and The followin~ bills .were severally read twice by their titles n.nd consider such a proposition as that, n.nd to vote upon it this afternoon, referred to the uommittee on Military Affairs : or to vote upon it at anv other time, without the consideration of the .A. bill (H. R. No. 1582) for the relief of C. C. Spaids; and Committee on Finance Y Is the Senator from Illinois sure that he .A. bill(H. R. No. 1585) for the relief of the heirs of Seth L n.mb. comprehends the length and the breadth, the depth and the height, The bill (H. R. No. 1942) authorizing the President of the Unit ed of free banking without limitation and restriction in a oountry with States to appoint Albert Ross to the active list of the Navy, was read between seven and eight hundred millions of irredeemn.ble currency 7 twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on Navn.l.A.ffairs. If he is, he is a bolder man than most men who deal with such subjects. The bill (H. R. No. 1892) authorizing the Passaic County N n.tionn.l I can understand that in a contingency, in a certain condition of Bank of Paterson, to change its name, was read twioo by its title and affairs, free banking might not be an absolute peril, but free banking referred to the Committee on Finanee. under these circumstances is utter ruin, in my judgment. 1 Mr. President, to a simple proposition, involving none of these ques JAl\fES M DONALD. tions at :til, these other questions have been attached, :tnd now that The bill (H. R. No.1940) giving the consent of Congrese to the accept a disposition haB been manifested to tack upon it these collateral ance by James McDonald, a ·warrant officer in tll.e United States questions, questions not in any way involved in it, so that to-day, Navy, of a present from the King of Italy, was read the first time by upon this simple proposition, you have the whole range of finance, its title. _ upon which the Committee on Finance have not passed at all, it Mr. CRAGIN. .A. similar bill passed the Senate this morning, n.nd seems to me most eminently fit, most eminently proper, that we should I ask that this bill from the House be acted on now. not only have the advantage of the deliberations of this committee, There being no objection, the bill was read the second time, and whether they are willing or not, but thn.t we have a right to have considered as in Committee of the Whole. them, and we who do not devote ourselves to this pn.rticular subject The bill was reported to the Senate without n.mendment, ordered to ought to demand it, and let us have the whole subject considered, a third reading, read the third time, :1nd passed. and the benefit of their judgment upon the whole subject. I shall therefore vote for recommitment, with the expectation that the com ENROLLED BILLS SIGNED. mittee, at an early day, will present the subject to the Senate, after ~ message from the House of Representatives, by :Mr. LLOYD, its having regard to all the propositions which have been submitted or Chief Clerk, announced that the Speaker of the House had sirned which have been proposed to be submitted in any contingency. the following enrolled bills ; and they were thereupon signed by the Now, just one word more, and I am done. I wn.nt to bring the President p'ro tempm·e : · Senate back for a moment to the attitude of affairs on the question .A. bill (S. No. 29) t o authorize the Secretary of War to ascertain the of this expansion or more currency. I venture no opinion at all upon amount of expense incurred by the territorial authorities of Dakota, that subject; I am not going to discuss it in any way whatever; but for arms, equipments, military stores, supplies, and all other expenses I remember in 1870, when the proposition, 11 part of which tbis bill is of the volunteer forces of the Ill(lian wn.r of 1862; ancl 1524 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. FEBRUARY 16, A bill (S. No. 367) authorizing the Secretar_y of War to deliver to EMORY R. SEWARD. the State authorities of Rhode Island a certarn gun. Mr. DUELL introduced a bill (H. R. No. 1961) for the relief of TERRITORIAL LAWS. Emory R. Seward; which was read n. first and second time, referred to the Committee on Commerce-, and ordered to be printed. The PRESIDENT pro tentpore laid before the Sen_ate ~wo copies of the laws and resolutions pas ed by the seventh Legtslative Assembly ABOLITION OF SPECIAL TOBACCO TAX. of the Territory of Idaho, commencing on the _2d of. Decem~er, 1872, Mr. DUELL also introduced a bill (H. R. No. 1962) to repeal the and ending the lOth of January, 1873, at Bo1se C1ty; which were special tax imposed on dealers in tobacco and manufacturers of cigars referred to the Committee on Territories. and tobacco; which was read a first and second time, referred to the EXECUTIVE COMMUNICATION . . Committee on Ways and Means, and ordered to be printed. The PRESIDENT pro tempore laid before the Senate a letter of the UNITED STATES COURTS. Secretary of War, recommending that an appropriation be made to Mr. CROOKE introduced a bill (H. R. No. 1963) for the further ad· pay the expenses of two commissioners appointed from civil lifo on ministration of justice in the United States courts; which was read the military prison board, under the second se~tion. of the act .of a first and second time, referred to the Committee on the Judiciary, March 3, 1873; which was .referred to the Comm1ttee on Appropna. and ordered to be printed. tions, and ordered to be pnnted. THOMAS R. CROSBY. PAPERS WITHDRAWN A.l."'\fD REFERRED. Mr. W .A.RD, of New Jersey, introduced a bill (H. R. No. 1964) for On motion of Mr. MORTON, it was the relief of the heirs of Thomas R. Crosby; which was read a first OrdeTed, That the petition and papers in the case of N.J. Bea-chley, of Bri~geport, and second time, referred to the Committee on Invalid Pensions, and Marion County, Indiana, be taken from the :files and referred to t.he ColiUD.lttee on ordered to be printed. Military Affairs. JAMES SIMPSON AND LYDIA SIMPSON. On motion of Mr. SARGENT, it was Mr. ALBRIGHT introduced a bill (H. R. No. 1965) granting a pen OrdeTed That the petitions and papers of citizens of San Fra.ncisco, California, praying the lease of the so-called Pres1dio reservation to that city as a public park, sion to James Simpson and Lydia Simpson; which was read a first be taken from the :files and referred to the Committee on Military .A.ffairs. and second time, referred to the Committee on Invalid Pensions, and On motion of Mr. SCHURZ, it was ordered to be printed. NATIONAL-BANK NOTES. OrdeTedJ.. That the petition and papers of Benjamin Fish, of Missouri, be taken from the ~es, and referred to the Committee on Claims. Mr. TOWN&END introduced a bill (H. R. No.1966) to provide for :m increase of national-bank notes, and the withdrawal and cancella CO:MMTI.'TEE SERVICE. tion of an equal amount of United States legol-tender notes; which Mr. STOCKTON. I appeal to the Senator from Pennsylvania for a waa read a first and second time, referred to the Committee on Bank moment. I desire, with his permission, to ask the Senate to relieve ing and Currency, all.d ordered to be printed. me from service upon the Committee on Manufactures. I am on four committees, and I :find it too laborious. SOLDIERS OF THE WAR OF 1812. The question being put, 1\lr. STOCKTON was excused. Mr. McJUNKIN-'i:ntroduced a bill (H. R. No.1967) granting a pen By unanimous consent the Chair was authorized to fill the vacancy, sion to soldiers of the war of 1812 who served fifty days, and to their and the President pt•o tempo1·e appointed J.fr. HAGER. · widows; which was read a :first and second time referred to the Com mittee on Revolutionary Pensions and War of 1S12, and ordered to be ADJOURNMENT. printed. The PRESIDENT pro temp01·e. The Senator ·from Pennsylvania MARTHA A. GALLAHER. moves that the Senate proceed to the consideration of executive busi Mr. McJUNKIN also introduced a bill (H. R. No.l968) granting a ness. pension to Martha A. Gallaher, widow of William A. Gallaher, late Mr. BOREMAN. I move that the Senate adjourn. private Company G, One hundred and thirty-fourth Regiment Penn The motion was agreed to; and (at four o'clock and forty-three sylvania Volunteers; which was read a first and second time, referred minutes p.m.) the Senn.te adjourned; · to the Committee on Invalid Pensions, and ordered to be printed. JOHN R. SHIRLEY. Mr. McJUNKIN also introduced a bill (H. R. No.1969) for the reliof of Jolrn R. Shirley, of Freeport, Pennsylvania; which was read a first HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. and second time, referred to the Committee on Claims, and ordered to be printed. MONDAY, February 16, 1874. AARON B. HUGHES. Mr. McJUNKIN .also introduced a bill (H. R. No.1970) granting n. The House met at twelve o'cloc~ m. Prayer by the Chaplain, Rev. pension to Aaron B. Hughes, late musician Company G, One hundred J. G. BuTLER, D. D. and third Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers; which was read a first The Joll!llal of Saturday last was read and approved. and second time, referred to the Committee on Invalid Pensions, and ORDER OF BUSINlCSS. ordered to be printed. The SPEAKER. This being Monday, the first business in order is RA.NK OF NAVAL ACADEJrfY GRADUATES. the call of the States and Territories, begitining with the State of Mr. STORM introduced a bill (H. R. No. 1971).relating to the rank Maine, for the introduction of bills and joint resolutions for reference of certain graduates of the United States Naval AcadE\myof the class to their approp:riato committees, not to be brought back on motions of 1869; which was read a first ·and second time, referred to the Com to reconsider. Under this call memorials and resolutions of State :md mittee on Naval Affairs, and ordered to be printed. territorial Legislatures may be presented for reference and printing. R. W. CLARK. Th6 morning hour begins at three minutes after twelvo o'clock. Mr. STORM also introduced a bill (H. R. No.1972) for the relief of ABOLITION OF MATCH TAX. R. W. Clark; which was read a first and second time, referred to the Mr. HENDEE introduced a bill (H. R. No. 1957) repealing the tax Committee on Claims, and ordered to be printed. on lucifer matches and increasing the tax on distilled spirits; which GOVERNMENT USE OF PATENTS. was read a first :md second time, referred to the Committee on Ways Mr. MAGEE introduced a bill (H. R. No. 1973) to require heads of a.nd Means, and ordoced to bo printed. Departments to give notice to patenteeR of Government use of patents ; CODIFICATION OF PENSION LAWS. which was read a first and second time, referred to the Committee on Mr. BUTLER, of Massachusetts, introduced a bill (H. R. No. 1958) Patents, and ordered to be printed. to amend and codify the laws in regard to the payment of pensions, DAV1D L. STANTON. so as to insure efficiency and economy in that branch of tho public Mr. ARCHER introduced a bill (H. R. No. 197 4) for the relief of the service; which was rea-d a first and !'Ccond time, referred to the Com sureties of David L. Stanton; which was read a first and second time, mittee on the Judicin.ry, and ordered to be printed. referred to the Committee on Ways and Means, and ordered to be printed. . ABOLITION OF THE OFFICE OF APPRAISER. JOHN H. SOTHERON. Mr. KELLOGG introduced a bill (H. R. No. 1959) abolishing tho office of appraiser of imported merchandise appointed under the act of lli. ALBERT introduced a bill (H. R. No. 1975) for the relief of · July 14, 1870; which was read a fir!¢ and second time, referred to the John H. Sotheron, of Saint Mary's County, Maryland; which was read a first and second time, referred to the Committee on War Claims, Committee on Reform in the Civil Service, and ordered to be printed. and ordered to be printed. NEW AND VALUABLE FRUITS AND PLANTS. SAMUEL D. IDCKS. Mr. H_OSKINS introduced a bill (H. R. No. 1960) to encourage the Mr. SMITH, of Virginia, introduced a bill (H. R. No. 1976) for tho production of new.and valuable fruits and pla!lts; which was read a relief of·Samuel D. Hicks, of Richmond, Virginia; which was read a first and socond time, referred tt> the Comrmttee on Patents and first and second time, referred to the Committee on the Judiciary, and ordered to be printed: " ' ordered to be printed. 1874. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. 1525 MRS. ROSEANNA HOGAN. Company K, First Kentucky Cavalry; which was read a first and Mr. SMITH, of Virginia, also introduced a bill (H.~· No. 1977) ~or second time, referred to the Committee on Invalid Pensions, and the relief of Mrs. Roseanna. Hogan, for property taken m 1865; wh1ch ordered to be printed. was read a first and second time, referred to the Committee on War MARGARET J. GRISHAM. Claims, and ordered to be printed. Mr. BUTLER, of Tennessee, introduced a bill (H. R. No. 1991) grant ing a pension to 1\!rs. Mar~aret J. Grisham, widow of Captain George C. H. A. CLA.Y. . E. Grisham, late of the E1ghth Tennessee Cavalry; which was read Mr. SMITH of Virginia, also introduced a bill (H. R. No. 1978) for a first and second time, referred to the Committee on Invalid Pen the relief of C. H. A. Clay, of Henrico County, Virginia, for property sions, and ordered to be printed. taken in the ye~ 1865; which was read a first and second time, referred PAYMENT FOR HORSES. to the Committee on War Claims, and ordered to be printed. Mr. THORNBURGH introduced a bill (H. R. No. 1992) to amend MEXICAN WAR PENSIONS. the act allowing officers of the Aflny payment for horses and horse Mr. WHITELEY presented a joint resolution of the General Assem equipments·lost in the service of the Government; which was read bly of Georgia, urging the Representatives of said State in Con~ress a first and eecond time, referred to the Committee on Military Affairs, to make earnest efforts to have pensions allowed the survivors of the a.nd ordere~ to be printed. - . Mexican war; which was referred to the Committee on Invalid Pen ABOLITION OF NAVY-YARDS. sions, and ordered to be printed. Mr WHITIHORNE introduced a bill (H. R. No. 1993) to abolish CONGRESSIONAL ELECTIONS. • the navy-yards at Kittery, Maine; Charlestown, Ma~sachusetts; New Mr. WHITELEY also introdu'Ced a bill (H. R. No. 1979) to preserve Lo:Q.don, Connecticut; and Washington, District of Columbia; which the ballots ca8t at, and all" papers connected with, elections held for wa.s read a first and second time, referred to the Committee on Naval Representatives or Delegates to C~mgress, and for other Pll!poses; Affairs, and ordered to be printed. which was read a :first and second time, referred to the Comm1ttee on FORKED DEER RIVER. the Judiciary, and ordered to be printed. Mr. NUNN introduced a bill (H. R. No. 1994) appropriating $5,000 THOMAS K. APPLING. for the clearing out of the Forked Deer River1 from Dyersburgh to Mr. WHITELEY also introdu.ced ·a bill (H. R. No. 1980) to com the Mississippi River; which was rea-d a first ana. second time, referred pensate Thoma8 K. Appling, of the State of Georgia, for services to the Committee on Commerce, and ordered to be printed. rendered the Government of the United States in the collection of UNITED STATES COURTS IN TE..~SSEE. confederate cotton and quartermaster and commissary stores ; which Mr. ATKINS introduced a bill (H. R. No. 1995) to ru:nend an act ap was read a first and second time, referred to the Committee on W a.r proved June 18, 1838, entitled "An a~t to require the judges of the Claims, and ordered to be printed. distrfct courts of East and West Tennessee to hold a court a.t Jack son, in said State;" which waa read a first and second time, referred to JAMES BUCHANAN. tho Committee on the J~diciary, and ordered to be printed. Mr. .WHITELEY also introduced a bill (H. R. No. 1981) to restore to the pension-rolls the name of James Buchanan, of Blakely, Early TAX ON RETAIL DEALERS IN TOBACCO. County, State of GeorgiaJ.. late first lieutenant Georgia militia, in the Mr. .ATKINS also introduced a bill (H.~. No. 1996)- to repeal the Florida Indian war of 18~6; which was read a first and second time, tax on retail dealers in leaf-tobacco; which was read a first and sec referred to the Committee on Invalid Pensions, and ordered to be ond time, referred to the Committee on Ways and Means, and ordered printed. -to be printed. • OOSTANAULA RIVER. J. M. NEELY, Mr. YOUNG, of Georgia, introduced a bill (H. R. No. 1982) for the Mr. ATKINS also introduced a bill (H. R. No. 1997) for the relief of cleaning out and improvement of Oostanaula. River, in the State of S.M. Neely, late :first lieutenant Company M, Seventh Regiment Ten Georgia; which was read a first and second time, referred to the Com nessee Cavalry ; which was read a first and second time, referred to mittee on Commerce, and ordered to be printed. the Committee on War Claims, and ordered to be printed. JOHN RODEN. JUDICIAL DISTRICTS IN INDIANA. Mr. _CALDWELL introduced a bill (H. R. No. 1983) granting a pen Mr. SHANKS introduced a bill (H. R. No. 1998) to divide the State sion to J ohll Roden,· who served as a private in the war of 11:312; which of Indiana into two judicial districts, and to provide for holding was read a first and second time, referred to the Committee on Revo courts of the United States therein; whicq waa read a first and second lutionary Pensions and War of 1812, and ordered to be printed. time, referred to the Committee on the Judiciary, and ordered to be printed. - PENSIONS. INDIAN SCHOOLS. Mr. LAWRENCE introduced a bill (H. R. No. 1984) to provide a Mr. SHANKS also introduced a bill (H. R. No. 1999) to detail one mode of paying pensions; which was read a first and second time, of the Indian inspectors to inspect the schools for Indians and license referred to the Committee on Invahd Pensions, and ordered to be teachers therefor; which was read a first and second time, referred printed. to the Committee on Indian Affairs, and ordered to be printed. 1\IARY M. QUEEN. Mr. BUNDY introduced a bill (H. R. No. 1985) granting a pension HUGH MANFORD. to Mary M. Queen, widow of William Queen, pnvate Company E, Mr. HOLMAN introduced a bill (H. R. No. 2000) to restore the name Twelfth Ohio Volunteers; which was read a first and second time, of Hugh Manford to the pension-roll; which was read a :first and referred to the Committee on Invalid Pensions, and ordered to be second time, referred to the Committee on Invalid Pensions, and or printed. dered to be printed. PETER M. WARD. BARTHOLOMEW COUNTY AGRICULTURAL SOCmTY, INDIANA. Mr. SPRAGUE introduced a bill (H. R. No. 1986) for the relief of Mr. HOLMAN also introduced a bill (H. R. No. 2001) forthereliefof Peter M. Ward, late of Company E, Fourth West Virginia Volun the Bartholomew County Agricultural Society, in the State of Indiana; teers ; which wa read a first and second time, referred to the Com which was read a :first and second time, referred to the Committee on mittee on Military Affairs, and ordered to be printed. War Claims, and ordered to be printed. DUTY ON STILLS AND SPURS. PAY OF OFFICERS OF THE ARMY. Mr. WOODWORTH introduced a bill (H. R. No. 1987) to repeal the Mr. CLEMENTS introduced a bill (H. R. No. 2002) for the payment import duty on stills and spurs; which was read a first and second of officers of the Army from the time of entering on the discharge of time, referred to the Committee on Ways and 1\!eans, an ordered to the duties of their offices; wl.nch Wa8 read a first and second time, re be printed. ferred to the Committee on Military Affairs, and ordered to be printed. JUTE BUTTS. SALT LAKE AND COLORADO RIVER RAILROAD. Mr. WOODWORTH also introduced a bill (H. R. No. 1988) fixing ~-EDEN introduced a bill (H. R. No. 2003) to. incorporate the a duty of six dollars a ton on jute butts imported into the United Salt Lake _and Colorado River Railroad Company; which was read a Stalies on and after the 1st day of September, 1874; which was read first and second time, referred to the Committee on Railways and a first and second time, referred to the Committee on Ways and Canals, and ordered to be printed. Means, and ordered to be printed. GEORGE HUGGINS. MARY SUBLETT. Mr. McNULTA introduced a bill (H. R. No. 2004) granting a pen Mr. MILLIKEN introduced a bill (H. R.No. 1989) granting a pen sion to George Huggins ; which was read a first and second time, re sion to Mary Sublett, of Warren County, Kentucky; which was read ferred to the Committee on Invalid Pensions, and ordered to be printed. a first and second time, referred to the Committee on Revolutionary Pensions and War of 1812, and ordered to be printed. KANSAS PACIFIC AND UNION PACIFIC RAILROADS. Mr. STONE presented a concurrent resolution of the Legislature of HEIRS OF JAMES T. PRESCOTT. the State of Missouri in reference to the Kansas Pacific and Union Mr. DURHAM introduced a bill (H. R. No. 1990) for the benefit of Pacific Railroads; which1 was referred to the Committee on the Judi the widow and infant child of James T. Prescott, late a private in ciary, and ordered to be printed. 1526 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. ·FEBHU.A.RY 16, BOHEMIAN-SLA.VONIAN BENEVOLENT ASSOCIATION. TAX O:N LEAF-TOBACCO. Mr. STANARD introduced a bill (H. R.No. 2005) to incorporate the Mr. CLARK).. of :Missouri, presented the following concurrent reso N ationaJ Grand Lodge of the Bohemian-Sln.voni:m Benevolent Associa lution of the ueneral Assembly of the Stato of Missouri, praying for tion; which was read a first and second time, referred to the Commit the repeal of the revenue law in reference to the sale of leaf-tobacco; t ee 01) the Judiciary, and ordered to be printed. which was read, referred to the Committee on Ways and Means, and UNION PACIFIO Al."'ID KANSAS PACIFIC RAILROADS. ordered to be printed : Mr. STANARD also presented the following concurrent resolution Concurrent resolution in regard to the r evenue law. Resolved by the house of representatives, (the senate concurring therein,) That our of the General Assembly of the State of Missouri, in reference to the Senators be instructed and our Representatives in Congress be roguested to nse their Union Pacific :md Kansa,q Pacific Railroads; which was read, referred infi o.ence and utmost exertions to secure the repenl of so much of the revenue law in to the Committee on the Judiciary, and ordered to be printed: which pla.nters are prohibited to sell toba-cco in tho leal to whom they please. Rcsolv~>.d That the secretary of state b e, and is hereby, instructed to tr:l,nsmit a Concurrent resolution in reference to the K..'msa<~ PMific a.nd Union P time between the date of the commission and the musteri.:tlg into the SURVEY OF PUBLIC LAXI>S IN CALIFORNIA. service of the United States; which was read a first and second time, 11Ir. LUTTRELL al o presented a concurrent resolutionof the Leg referred to the Committee on Milita.ry Af!'airs, and ordered to be printed. islature of California, relative to the survey of the public lands in said LUCIEN S. IIAl."'ffiS. State; which was referred to the Committee on thePub.licLands, and Mr. HAZELTON, of Wisconsin, introduced a bill (H. R. No. 2014) ordered to be printed. to authorize the accounting officers of the Treasury to adjust and set SANTILL.AJ..~ LAND GRANT. tle the accounte of Lucien S. Hanks within named; which was read a 1\Ir. LUTTRELL also presented a concurreut resolution of the Legis first and second time, referred to the Committee on Ways and Means, lature of California, a king Congress to oppose the pa$age of the and ordered to be printed. Santillan land grant; which was referred to the Committee on the Jndiciru-y, ancl ordered to be printed. WISCONSIN CENTRAL RAILROAD. BRIDGE •ACROSS THE l\USSISSIPPI RIVER AT CLINTON, IOWA. Mr. McDILL, of Wisconsin, pre ented a memorial of the ~egisl~ ture of Wisconsin, for extension of time to compl_ete the W1sconsl? }t[r. DONNAN (by request) introduced a bill (H. R. No. 2024) to Central Railroad; which was referred to the Committee on the Public amend the eighth section of an act entitled "A.n act to authorize the Lands, and ordered to be printed. construction of bridges across the .Mississippi River at or near the oown of Clinton, in the State of Iowa, and other bridges across the RAILROAD IN WISCONSIN. said river, and to establish them as post-ron.ds,'' approved April 1, Mr. McDILL, of Wisconsin, also introduced a bill (H. R. No. 2015) 1872; which was read a :first and second time, xeferred to the Com to extend the time for completing a certain railroad .in tho State of mittee on Commerce, and ordered to be printed. Wisconsin; which was read a :firSt and second time, referred to the Committee on the Public Lands, and ordered to be printed. SAINT PAUL AND PACIFIC RAILROAD COMPANY. Mr. AVERILL introduced a bill (H. R. No. 2025) toreviveandcon LAND TITLES· IN WISCONSIN. tinue certain grants of lancl heretofore made to the Territory and Mr. McDILL, of Wisconsin, also introduced a bill (H. R. No. 2016) State of Minnesota to a.id in the construction of the several lines of to amend an act entitled "An act to quiet the t.itle to the lands of the the Saint Paul and Paci:fio Railroad Company; which was read a :first settlers on l::md claimed by theWest Wisconsin Railroad Company;" and second time, referred to the Committee on the Public Lands, and which was read a :first and second time, referred to the Committee on ordered to be printed. the Public Lands, ancl ordered to be print?d. SETTLERS ON OSAGE L.~IAN LANDS. INDIANS IN WISCONSIN. Mr. LOWE introduced a bill(H. R.No. 2026)to extend the time for Mr. McDILL, of Wisconsin, also introduced a bill (H. R. No. 2017) completing the entries of Osa.ge Indian lands in Kansas; which was to provide for the removal of certain Indians from the State of Wis read a :first and second time, referred to the Committee on Indian Af consin; which wa~ read a first and second time, referred to the Com fairs, and ordered to be printed. mittee on Indian Affairs, and ordered to be printed. MILITARY ROUTE FROM WALNUT TO MAIN CACHE RIVER. DAVID BARNES. 1\fr. LOWE also introduced a bill (H. R. No. 2027) to provide for Mr. CLAYTON introduced a bill (H. R. No. 2018) for the relief of the opening of a military and post route from the mouth of the W al David Barnes; which wa.s read a :first and second time, referred to the nut River in Kansas to the month of the Main Cache River in Texas; Committee on Private Land Claims, and ordered to be printed. which was read a first and second time, referred to the Committee on STOCKTON AND COPPEROPOLIS RAILROAD. Indian A.:tfairs, and ordered to be printed. Mr. PAGE introduced a bill (H. R. No. 2019) to forfeit certain pub SETTLERS WITHIN RAILROAD LIMITS. lic lands granted to the Stockton and Copperopolis Railroad, in the Mr. LOWE also presented joint resolution of the Legisln.ture of State of California; which was read a :first and second time, referred Kansas, respecting the rights of homestead settlers on public lands to the Committee on the Public Lands, and ordered to be printed. within railroatllimits; which was referred to the Committee on tho SAN .Al\"'TONIO CREEK. Public Lands, and ordered to be printed. Mr. PAGEalsointroducedabill.(H.R.No.2020)making an appropria MAIL CONTRACTORS. tion for dredging San Antonio Creek and the improvement of Oakland Mr. HEREFORD introduced a bill (H. R. No. 2028) to pn.y ln.te ron.il Harbor, California; which was read a :first and second time, referred contractors the amount due them for services rendered prior to tho to the Committee on Commerce, and ordered to be printed. late war; which was read a :first and second time, referred to the Jilo!PROVEMENTS '()~' SAN JOAQUIN RIVER. Committee on Appropriations, and ordered to be printed. Mr. PAGE also presented the following preamble and resolution COLEMAN SIMS. of the Legislature of California; which were referred to the Commit 1\fr. DAVIS, of West Virginia~ introduced a bill (H. R. No. 2029) tee on Commerce, and ordered to be printed. granting a pension to Coleman Sims, of Clarksburgh, West Virgioin.; The Clerk read 'tS follows : which was read a :first and second time, referred to the Committee on Whereas it has been the custom of the GQvernment of the United States to grant Invalid Pensions, and ordered to be printed. aid to the several States for the purpo e of improving the navigable waters of said States; and whereas the San Joaqrun River is navigated with great difficulty, and PROSECUTION OF APPEALS, ETC., BY THE UNITED STATES. being the only water outlet of ten counties of this ~tate, said counties being taxed Mr. CROUNSE introduced a bill (H. R. No. 2030) to repen.l seation on n arly six million acres of land and nearly fifty millions of J;lroperty, in a section of country larger than many of the States, capable of sustaining six millions of 2 of the act entitled "An act supplementary to an act entitled 'A.n population, thatnow export millions of produce, and will, in the near future, export act to allow the United States to prosecute appeals n.nd writs of error tens of millions; and whereas said counties never having a~kedor received any aid without giving security, and for other purposes ; '" which was read .1. from the Government: Therefore, - · :first and second time, referred the Cpmmittee on the Judiciary, and Be it resolved, That our Senators in Congress be instructed, and our Representa to tives requested, to urge on Congi1lSS the necessity and justice of making appropri ordered to be printed. ations t-o improve the navi"'ation of said river. LUCIEN B. MAXWELL. Resolved, :Qlat his erceii'ency the governor be instructed to transmit to each of our Repre entatives in Congress a copy of the foregoing_preamble and r esolution. Mr. ELKINS introduced a bill (H. R. No. 2031) for the relief of - MORRIS M. ESTEE, Lucien B. Maxwell for Indian depredations ; which WM read a :first Speaker of Assembly. and second time, referred to the Committee on Indian Affairs, and R. PACHECO, ordered to be printed. · President of the Senate. AFFAIRS OF UTAH. EDWARD AND JOHN AUZERAIS. 11fr. CANNON, of Utah. I present a memorial of the Legislative Mr. HOUGHTON illtroduced a bill (H. R. No. 2021) for the relief of .A13 embly of Utah Territory, asking for a commission of investiga Edward and John Auzerais; which wa read a :first and second time, tion to be sent to Utah to inquire into all alleged abuses in affairs referred to the Committee on Claims, and ordered to be printed. there. I ask that thememorial be read. · E. LAMORY. The memorial wa~ read, a~ follows: To the honorable the Senate and H ouse of Repre~entatives of the United States in Mr. HOUGHTON also introduced a bill (H. R. No. 202'2) for the , Congress assembled: · relief of E. Lamory; which wa~ read a :first and second time, referred 'Ve, your memorialists, the Legisla.tive Assembly of the Territory of Utah, re to the Committee on Cbims, and ordered to be 1ninted. . spectfully represent that, whereas a. large IIU!Jority of the people of this Tenitory SURVEY OF SACRAMENTO AND FEATHER RIVERS. are accused of disloyaltv, insubordination, and other viohtions of the Constitution and laws of the United States; and wheraa.S these a ·. - . 1874. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. 1529 1866; which was referred to the Committee orl. Indian Affairs, ana was read, referred to the Committee on Banking and Currency, and ordered to be printed. ordered to be printed: . · WILLIAM F. GROW. To the honorable Senate and House of R epresentatives in Oangress assemlJled: Mr. HYNES introduced a bill (H. R. No. 2054) for the relief of Your petitioners bankers, merchants, manufacturers, and other citizens of Cin cinnati, Ohio, woiil'd respectfully represent that they view wit.h alarm the various William F. Grow, of Arkansas, late second lieutenant Seventh Missis bills introduced into Congress to increase the irredeemable paper currency of the sippi Cavalry Volunteers; which wa.s read a :first and second time, country, and pray that Congress may not authorize its increa~e in any form what referred to the Committee on ilitary Affairs, and ordered to be soever. Your petitioners believe the present volume of currency to be ample for the legit printed. ; mate industries of the c01mtry, and that it.s inflation would again stimulate wild JAMES D. HAMBLEN. speculations, promote gambling in stocks and in gold, retard the restoration of the Mr. NILES introduced a bill (H. R. No. 2055) for the relief of James specie standard, and produce in the enu general disaster. . Si~ed by Taylor & Brotherl.....Rowland & Co., Meader Furniture Company, Walsh, D. Hamblen, of Camden, :Mississippi; which was read a :first and BrooKS & Kell~g, B. Storer, liriggs Swift, Theodore Cook, and 140 others. second time, referred to the Committee on War Claims, and ordered CINCINNATI, .l'~ruary 9, 1874. to be printed. CRETACEOUS FLORA OF THE WEST. EDUCATION IN THE SOUTH. Mr. DAWES, by unanimous consent, submitted the following reso Mr. HAYS introduced a bill (H. R. No. 2056) to establish a bureau lution; which waa read, and, lmder the law, referred to the Committee for a uniform system of education in the States lately in rebellion; on Printing : · which was read a :first and second time, referred to the Committee on Resolved by the House of Rep,.esmtatives, (the Srnate concttrring,) That there be Education and Labor, and ordered to be printed. printed and bound twenty-five hundred cop1es in quarto, uniform with the 86ries, of Professor Hayden's final report on the Cretaceous Flora. of theWest; one thousand TAX ON DISTILLED SPIRITS. copies for the DeJ?artment of the Interior, one thousand copies for the Smithsonian Institution, nnd five hundred copies for the office of the United States geological Mr. PENDLETON introduced a bill (H. R. No. 2057) to increase the survey of tho interior. tax on distilled spirits; which waa read a :first and second time, referred to the Committee on Ways and 1\Iea.ns, and ordered to be ISIDORE DOIGLE A...."'ID ROSA DOIGLE WOODRUFF. printed. 1\Ir. SHELDON, by unanimous consent, submitted the following INDIAN AND MEXICAN DEPREDATIONS IN TEXAS. resolution ; which was read, considered, and adopted: M:r. HANCOCK introduced a. bill (H. R. No. 2058) to provide for Resolved, That t.he southern clahns commission be directed to send to the House of Representatives the petition, proofs, and papers relating to the cla.im. of Isidore ascertaining losses sustained by citizens of Texa-s by reason of Mex Doigle and Rosa Doigle Woodruff, of the State of Louisiana. ican and Indian depredations; which was read a :first and second time, referred to the Committee on Indian Affairs, and ordered to be WESTERN JUDICIAL DISTRICT OF ARKANSAS. printed. Mr. HYNES. I ask unanimous consent to submit for adoption at GEORGE W. SWARTZ. this time, the followin~ resolution: • Mr. SOUTHARD introduced a bill (H; R. No. 2059) for an increase Resolved, That the Committee on Expenditures in the Department of Justice be of pension to George W. Swartz; which was read a first and second directed to inquire into the expenses, disbursements, and general management of time, referred to the Committee on Invalid Pensions, and ordered to the western judicial district of Arkansas, since its reorganization in 1871. • be printed. I desire to say, with permission of· the House, that in view of all JA.l~S M. DOWNEY. that ha-s been published in the press of the country about malfeasance Mr. HUNTON introduced a bill (H. R. No. 2060) for the relief of and extravagance in the disbursements of the western district pf James M. Downey, of Loudoun County, Virginia; which wa.s read a Arkansas, sometimes charging a.buses with particular specifications, :first and second time, referred to the Committee on War Claims, and I have deemed it my duty, representing, as I do, all this territory ordered to be printed. within my State embraced in this district, to offer this resolution. I EDWIN C. FITZHUGH. am aware of the extraordinary character of the western district of Arkansas, embracing, as it does, more than one-half the State of Arkan Mr. HUNTON also introduced a bill(H. R. No.2061) for the relief of sas and all of the Indian Territory with jurisdiction extending from Edwin C. Fitzhugh; which was read a 1'irst and second time, referrred that of a police court to tba.t of a. circuit court of the United States;· to the Committee on War Claims, and ordered·to be printed. and I hope that the e unu·sual circumstances of territory and juris DISTRICT JUDGES. diction will satisfactorily explain the great expense of running it. Mr. SAYLER, of Ohto, introduced a bill (H. R. No. 2062) authoriz However that may be, if abuses exist we have a right to demand their in~ a circuit judge, or a jOBtice of the Supreme Court performing cir correction; if not, the administration of the law in that district should cmt-court duties, to make an order authorizing any district judge to be vindicated. It may be proper for me to add that I am seconded in perform judicial duties in any district within the circuit; which was this matter by the Attorney-General, who invites the action of the read a first and second time, referred to the Committee on the Judi cqmmittee which my resolution directs. ciary, and ordered to be printed. No objection being made~ the resolution was received and adopted. REVENUE-MARINE SERVICE. COMMERCE AMONG THE STATES BY RAILROADS. Mr. CROSSLAND introduced a bill (H. R. No. 2063) to abolish the Mr. McCRARY, by unanimous consent, presented the memorial of revenue-marine service; which was read a :first and second time, G. G. Hubbard, concerning commerce by railroad among the sev referred 'to the Committee on Ways and Means, and ordered to be eral States; which was referred to the Committee on Railways and printed. Canals, and ordered to ~e printed. CUSTOM-HOUSES'. DELINQUENT CLERKS OF DISTRICT COURTS. Mr. CROSSLAND also introduced a bill (H. R. No. 2065) to abolish Mr. SPEER. I ask consent to submit for adoption at this time a. c~rtain custom-hoOBes.l and to discharge useless officers; which wa.s preamble anq resolution which I send to the Clerk's desk. reM. a :first and secona time, referred to the Committee on Ways and The Clerk read as follows : Means, and ordered to be printed. Whereas by section 3 of the act of 1853, chapter 80, district attorneys, clerks of the district and circuit courts, and marshals are required "upon the 1st days of MRS. LETITIA CARR. .r anuary and .T uly in each year, commencing with theist day of .r ulynext, or within Mr. COBB, of North Carolina, introduced a bill (H. R. No. 2066) thirty days from and after the dates specified," to make a. "return in writing em bracing all the fees and emoluments of their r~ective offices of eve!J< nam~ and directing the Committee on Pensions to place upon the pension-rolls character;" and whereas the Attorney-General m his last report "calfs the atten. the name of Mrs. Letitia Carr; which was read a :first and second tion of Congress to the fact that E. V. C. Blake, clerk of the district court for the time, referred to the Committee on Invalid Pensions, and ordered to middle district of Alabama, .Tames liePherson, clerk of the district court for the be printed. southern district of Georgia, and George P. Bowen, clerk of the district court for the southern district of Illinois, have persistentl:y disregarded this law, and the OLIVER LUMPHREY. frequent demands upon them by this Department for compliance with it," and fur ther states that these officers are beyond his control, and he haM "on several occa Mr. FIELD introduced a bill (H. R. No. 2067) to restore Oliver sions complained to the judges of said courts of these delinquents but without Lumphroy, late secondlientenant Forty-third United States Infantry, avail:" Therefore, Veteran Rcserye Corps, to his former rankin the Army of the United Resolved, That the Committee on the J" ndiciary be and they are herebv, required St.:"ttes, and to place him on the retired list; which was read a first to investigate the cause of the failure or refusal of E. V. C. Blake, .Tames Mc-pher son, and George P. Bowen, to comply with the law, and the frequent demands of and second time, referred to the Committee on Military Affairs, and the Department of Justice upon them to make a "return in writing embracing all ordered to be printed. the fees and emoluments of their respective offices of every name and character." and to report the facts to this House, with what, if any, change in existing law is FREE CIRCULATION OF NEWSPAPERS. necessary to protect the interests of the Government, and to secure a. faithful per Mr. COTTON, by unanimous consent, presented a joint resolution formance of their duty by the officers of the United St-ates COUTts. of the Le~lature of Iowa, aski.Ilg for free circulation of newspapers Mr. SPEER. illthe preamble of this resolution I have a-dopted the to subscnber8 within the. counties of their publication; which waa exact language of the Attorney-General, as found in his report of 1873. referred to the Committee on the Post-Office and Post-Roads, and Mr. BUTLER, of Massachusetts. I suggest to the gentleman that ordered to be printed. if thi8 committee is to be authorized to investigate, we should also PAPER CURRENCY. authorize it to send for persons and papers. Mr. SAYLER, of Ohio, presented the following memorial; which Mr. SPEER. Let that clo.nse be added. 1530 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. FEBRUARY 16, The SPEAKER. If there be no objection the resolution will be so Mr. BECK. If this bill from the Committee on Banking and Cur modified, and as modified will be considered as adopted. . rency be made a special order,_to the exclusion of all other business, There was no objection; and the resolution, as modified, was accord will it not, while it holds its place, deprive the Committee on Ways ingly adopted. and l\Ieans of a,ll control of bills which are now ahea,d of it f Mr. SPEER moved to reconsider the vote by which the resolution The SPEAKER. The scope of the motion of the gentleman from was adopted; and also moved that the .motion to reconsider be laid Tennessee will appear by merely reciting it. It is that on Thursday, on the table. the 19th instant, the House, in Committee of the Whole, shall consider, The latter motion was agreed to. as a special order, the bill reported ~m the Committee on Banking and Currency, and from day to day until disposed of, to the exclu NATIONAL CURRENCY-FREE BANKING. sion of all other orders. This of course would, during its coruridera 1\Ir. MAYNARD. I am instructed by the Committee on Banking tion, suspend all other business. and Currency to ask the Honse to make an order that Honse bill No. 1\Ir. COX. I do not rise to debate, but to object, because it was 1572 to amend the several acts providing a national currency, and to 1 understood on all hands debate should go to all bills, a,nd they should estaolish free banking, and for other purposes, be made a special come up in the order in which they were assi~ned in the Committee order in Committee of-the Whole, to the exclusion of all other orders, of the Whole on the state of the Union. If tnat is not done, I mnst after the morning hour on Thursday, the 19th instant, a.nd from day insist on my objection. to day until disposed of. Ur. BECK. I have objected already. Mr. DAWES. 1\Ir. Speaker, would not that exclude the bill reported Mr. GARFIELD. I Wish to say only one word. According to the frt>m the Committee on Ways and Means 'I prevailing custom, which I think a good one, Fridays and Saturdays The SPEAKER. If the House adopts the order, it will exclude a,re assigned to private bills, and we are substantially cut out of hand ::ill other business while this is pending. ling appropriation bills on those days. Mr. GARFIELD. I hope the Honse will not make this order. :h-.Ir. MAYNARD. I hope we will have some order in the House. Mr. HAWLEY, of Illinois. I hope the order will not be made to The SPEAKER called the Honse to order. the exclusion of private-bill day. . 1\Ir. GARFIELD. 1\fr. Speaker, I was about saying that according Mr. BECK. I wish to make a parliamentary inquiry. Has not the to what I consider a thoroughly good habit which the House has fallen bill reported from the Committee on Ways and Means-not tho tax into under the revised rules, 1<1-iday of each week. is given up by com bill, but the $44,000,000 bill-been made a special order in advance of mon consent to private bills, except on the day when it is devoted to this; and would this order exclude t.he consideration of that bill 'I the Committee on the District of Columbia. Saturday, thns far, ha-s The SPEAKER. The bill to which the gentleman from Kentucky gone to general debate. Monday is a day on which we have thus far refers, legalizing the issue of the 44,000,000 called the "reserve," is been able to do no legislation except under suspension of· the rules. the next special order in Committee of t he Whole to that which the The morning hour of the other days of the w~ekis devoted, as it ilhould committee already has under consideration. The bill in reference to be, to the regular call of committees. We are now left to nothing but the tax on matches is the first; and the next.is the $44,000,000 bill. Tuesdays, Wednesdays, and 'rhursdays, and that after the mornino But should the motion of the ~entleman from Tennessee prevail, it hom, for the work of the Committee on Appropriations. The larg st will set both those bills aside d.uring the pendency of this bill from bill of the session, the most ilifficult of all, we hope to lay before the the Committee on Banking and Currency; and after that had been House before the day is ended. If, now, a special order is made to disposed of they would resume their place. the exclusion of all other orders, it mean.s that at least for two weeks Mr. BECK. for that reason I shall object to this proposition, not one inch of advance shall be made in the appropriation bills. unless the motion should be made to suspend the rules, which I hope Only three have been acted on, and nine or ten remain which must will not prevail. be acted on. If we hope to have anything like an eady adjourn Mr. KELLEY. I wish to ask a parliamentary question. Inasmuch ment, if we hope to get our bills through here so they will not bo as the 44,000,000 bill reported by the Committee on Ways and Means, crowded into the last week, we mnst not make any special order which and which is a special order, relates to tho currency, would not all excludes appropriation bills. I hope, therefore, \he gentleman from the bills relating to tha.t subject come under conl:lideration in general Tennessee, in his motion, will exclude regular appropriation bills. debate when that bill shall be reached; and could not the object of If he does not, I hope the House will refuse to grant the request he the gentleman from Tennessee be thns arrived at without interfering makes. , with the existing special order' · 1\Ir. HAWLEY, of Illinois. I desire to know whether, if this special The SPEAKER. The Chair imagines that the limit of general order is made as it ha-s been requested, it will exclude private-bill debate on both measmes would be about the same. days f 1\Ir. KELLEY. Permit me to inquire further whether, in that The SPEAKER. Not unless the Honse on Friday should refuse to event, any bill already referred-either this bill, or that I had the go into Committee of the Whole House on tho Private Calendar. If honor to present, or that which relates to a postal savings-bank sys the House shoulcl refuse to go :iJ1to Committee of the Whole House, tem, or any other bill on the subject of currency-would not be legit it would then be the duty of the Chair, if IIL.'l.de, to submit the motion imate not only as a subject for discussion, but as a substitute for the to o-o into Committee of the Whole Honse on the state of the Union. pending measure' . The Chair has given notice, since the recent order changing the The SPEAKER. The Chair thinks that, lite1·ally and strictly, one rules con igning everything containing appropriation of money or bill on the Calendar cannot be taken up and moved as a substitute for property of the United States to the Committee of the Whole Hon e another; but by a change so slight as not to affect the substance of on t.be Private Calendar, or to the Committee of t.he Whole on the the bill, the rule could be evaded; and, practically, the course which state of the Union, as the case may be, that he considers it his duty the gentleman from Pennsylvania indicates could be adopted. The on Friday to recognize, first, the motion to go intG Committee of the House in sending a bill to a committee indicates its desire to have the Whole House on the Private Calendar. bill considered by the committee; and a bill which has been so dis Mr. HAWLEY, of Illinois. Would that be the rule on Friday of posed of cannot be recognized as a legitimate amendment; but the every week' gentleman from Pennsylvania does not need to be informed that a The SPEAKER. It would be on Friday of every week, because it very slight change in the phraseology of a bill would evade this par is for the majority of the House to say whether they wHl go into the liamentary rule. Committee of the'Whole HoUS0 on the Private Calendar to con.sider · 1\fr. MAYNARD. I desire to say that if this order shall be made, it private bills or not. If the Honse refuses to go into Cdmmittee of is my purpose to have general debate upon t he bill, so far as the House the Whole House on the Private Calendar, then other things 0an come mn,y think proper-a reasonable debate; we all understand what that up. . . . • means-and then to ask that general debate be closed, and the bill be 1\Ir. GARFIELD. Is t.hat to tho exclusion of the D1stnct bnsme s r considered under the five-minute rule. The SPEAKER. That is excepted. The rules provide for the con The SPEAKER. The Chair was in error in one point. He finds, sideration of the District of Columbia business on the third Frid:J,y of by reference to the Calendar, that the bill to repeal the stamp duty or the month, at two o'clock. tax on mat.ches is now the pending special order ; and the next is the 1\Ir. HYNES. I rise to a parliamentary inquiry, and it is this: bill to repeal all stamp taxaLion on bank-checks and friction matches. whether the operation of this special order, if made, will exclude priv Next comes the forty-fom million bill. ileged questions, such as reports from the Committee on Electioils in Mr. DAWES. The two bills in relation to matches are treated as contested-election cases. one. The SPEAKER. Tho e cases belong to the House, while the special The SPEAKER. They may be treated as one ; but they are in fact order is proposed to be made in the Committee of the Whole on the two bills. state of the Union. The specia.l order in committee would not affect Mr. COX. Will not one objection prevent this proposed order from thpse election ca es. being made! Mr. MAYNARD. I of course have no more personal feeling in this The SPEAKER. The Chair supposes that the gentleman from than any other man in the House, but as the representative of the Tennessee [1\Ir. MAYNARD] intends to-test the question by a. motion committee which has charge of the subject of banking and currency to suspend the rules. I deem it proper to say that committee has been from day to day Mr. BECK. Mr. Speaker-- urged to have thls matter brought before the House for discussion Mr. COX. I believe I have the :floor. and action. There is an opinion widely entertained in portions of Mr. BECK. I rise to a parliamentary inquiry, which takes prece the country that some measure should be adopted by Congres touch dence of debate, which is not in order. ing the great subject of currency. The committeo have brought The SPEAKER. The Chair will hear the parliamentary inquiry. forward this bill a-s the result of their deliberations, and have invited • 1874. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. 1531 the attention of the House and the country to it. If the House, or · Mr. KELLOGG. How does this resolution come before the House! a.ny gentleman in the House, can propose anything better, we are The SPEAKTilR. It was moved under a suspension of the rules two entirely willing to accept it. weeks ago. By an inadvertence it was not taken up last Monday. 1Yh'. BECK. I object to debate; and let us test the sense of the Mr. KELLOGG. The only objection I have to the resolution is that House now. it will take up the time of the clerks of the Departments. I ask that 1\Ir. MAYNARD. Objection comes with questionable grace from it may be referred to the Committee on the Public Lands. the gentleman from Kentucky, who was permitted by my courtesy to Mr. COUINGO. I should prefer havin~ the resolution adopted. make his suggestion to the HoU&e. . The que tion was on seconding the motion to suspend the rules and Mr. BECK. I rose to a parliamentary inquiry. If the chairman of a-dopt the resolution. the Committee on Ways and Means is also allowed to be heard, I do Mr. KELLOGG. I ask for a division. 1.10t object to the gentleman from Tennessee being heard. The SPEAKER. The Chair will order tellers ; and appoints the 1\fr. MAYNARD. I have not objected to any gentleman speaking; gentleman from Connecticut, 1\fr. KELLOGG, and the gentleman from but inasmuch as objection has been made and insisted on, I shall ask Missouri, Mr. COl\fiNGO. - the action of the House. The Honse divided; and thetellersroported-ayes48,noesnot counted. The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Tennessee, chairman of the 1\Ir. COl\HNGO. I do not ask for further count. I withdraw the Committee on Banking and Currency, moves that the rules bo so demand for a suspension of the rules, and will consent to the resolu suspended that House oill No. 1572, reported from that committee, tion being referred to the Committee on the Public Lands. be made the special order for Thursday, the 19th instant, in the Com There was no objection, and tho resolution was referred to the Com- mitte~ of the Whole on the state of the Union, and from day to day mittee on the Public Lands. · until ilisposed of, to the exclusion of all other orders. Is there a CENTENNIAL COMMEMORATION. second Y The House divided; and there were-ayes 83, noes 75. 1\fr. KELLEY. I move that the rules be suspended and tJ.le follow So the motion to suspend the rules was seconded. ing resolution adopted. The SPEAKER. Tho question recurs, Will the House suspend the The Clerk rea-d a.s follows : rules so as to make House bill No. 1572 a special order for Thursday, Resolved, (the Senate wncurring,) That the members of the Senate and the House in Committee of tho Whole, and from day to day until disposed of Y of Representatives will assemble in tho Carpenters' Hall, PhH.lphia, in informal joint session, on Monday, the 6th day of September, 1874, in centennial commemora Mr. MAYNARD. I ask for the yeas and n~ys. tion of the assembling of the delegates chosen and appointed by the several Colonies The question being put on ordering the yeas and nays, there were and Provinces of North America t-o meot and hold a Congress in Philadelphi:~o, in ayes 39. that hall, on Monday, the 5th day of September, 1774; and that Ron. JAMEs G. So (the affirmative being more than one..Jifth of the la-st vote) the BLAIXR, Speaker of the House of Representatives be invited to presitleover the meet;. ing, and Hon. HEYRY WILSON, Vice-President of the United States, be requested to yeas and nays were ordered. deliver an address appropriate to the occasion. The question was ta.ken; a.nd there were-yeas 143, na.ys 90, not voting 56 ; as follows : 1\fr. KELLEY. I desire t~ say that I submit this resolution from a. sense of the inherent propriety of commemorating by some congres YEAS-Messrs. Albright, Ashe, Averill, Barber) Berry, Biery, Blount,llowcn, B.rodley, Brown, Buckner, Burrows, Benjamin F. Butler, Rotlerick R. Butler, Cau sional action the centennial anniversary of the as'embling of the non, Cason, Cessna, Amos Clark, jr., John B. Clark jr., Freeman Clarke, Clayton, ·Dolega.tes chosen and appointed by the Colonies and Provinces of North Clements, Clinton L. Cobb, Stephen A. Cobb, Coourn,1 Conger, Corwin, Cotton, America in Congress in Carpenters' Hall, in Philadelphia, and aJsoin Creamer, Crittenden, Crooke, Crossland, Crounse, Crutchfield, .Danford, Alexander pursuance of the invitation of the Carpenters' Association of Phila M. Davis, John J. Davis, Dorman, Dunnell, Durharq, Eldred~e, Farwell, Fielll, Fort, delphia this Congress to assemble in their hall on the centennial Hagans, Henry R. Harris, John T. Harris, Harrison, Hatcner, Hathorn, Hav~ns, to John B. Hawley, Hays, Gerry_W. Hawlton, H ersey, H~"lll_ges, Holman, Hoskins, anniversary of that event. Houghton, Hunter, Hunton, Hurlbut, H yde. Hynes,· Killinger, Lamport, Leach, Sir, tha.t hall is memora.ble for many rea-sons. When the Delegates Lofuind, Lowe, Magee, Maynard, McCrary, AlexanuerS. McDill, James W . McDill, from the Colonies ancl Provinces found themselves in Pennsylvania. MacDougall, McJunkin, McKee, MeNulta, Mellish, Merriam, Milliken, Mills, Mon roe, Moore, Neglc:y, Niles, Nunn, Orr, Packard, Packer, PageJ Isaac C. Parker, P el· they found the state-house, a royal building, closed against. thorn. ham, P erry, Pl:iiliips, Pratt, Iwmey, Rapier,· Ray Richmonu, Robbins, James W. The Carpenters' Society, which ha.d been long incorporated, compo eel, Robinson, Rusk, Sawyer, Henry B. Sayler, Milton Sayler, John G. Schumaker, as it was, chiefly of people devoted to peace, members uf the Society Isaa~ W. Scudder, Saner, Sessions, Shanks, Sheldon, Sherwood, Lazarus D. Shoe of E'l:iends, known as Quakers, put their hall at the service of the maker, Sloss, .A.. Herr Smith, George L. SJD.tth, J. Ambler Smith, Snyder, Sprague, Stanard, St.-•t.]l(leford, Stone, Strait, SypheJS..._T~omas , Tho~ burgh, ~odd, Tyner, Delegates, and the Continental Congress assembled under these peace Vance, Wallace, Walls, Jasper D. Ward, whitehead, Whiteler, Wilber, Charles ful auspices to inaugurate proceedings which were to result in seven G. Williams, William Williams, William B. Williams, James Wilson, Jeremiah long years of war, and the ackno~ledgment of American Independ M. Wilson, Woodworth, andJohnD. Young-143. ence. NAYS-Messrs. Adams, Archer, Arth~, Atkins, Bass,Beck, Bell, Bland, Brom· ber~. Buffin ton, Burchard, Caldwell, Comingo, Cook, Cox, Crocker, Curtis, Dawes, . Gentlemen will observe that the resolution. contempla"!",os no possi DeWitt, Duell, Eames, Eden, Foster, Frye, Garfield, Giddings, GOOch, Gunckel, ·ble expenditure of money by the Government, nor doe it bind tho Eugene Hale, RobertS. Hale, Hamilton, Hancock, Ben,jamin W. Harris, Joseph R. members of the House or the Senate to attend. It proposes a. volun Hawley, Hendee, H ereford, Herndon,~. Rockwood Hoar, Hooper, Howe, Jewett, Kasson, Kelley, Kellogg, Kendall, Lamar, Lamison. Lawrence, Lawson, Loughridge, tary celebmtion of the day by such members of the two Houses as Lowndes, Luttrell, Lynch, Marshall, McLean, Mitchell, Niblack, O'Brien, Hosea may be patriotically moved to mark tha.t day. Therefore I do not W. Parker, Parsons, Penclieton, Phelps, Pierce, Pike, Thomas C. Platt, Poland, see how any: gentleman may object to this voluntary commeri:wmtion Potter, Rawls, Rice, Ellis H. Roberts, Wi,lliam R. Roberts, James C. "Robinson, of the day. · Scofield, Smart, H. Boardman Smith, John Q. Smith, Southard, Speer, Starkweather, Storm, Townsend, Waddell, W:tldron, W ells, Whitthorne, Charles W. Willard, 1t!r. HALE, of Maine. I desire to a.sk the gentleman a question. George Willard, John M. S. Willi..1.Dls, Wolfe, and Wood-90. Mr. KELLEY. I decline to be interrupted for question or sugges l~WT VOTING-Messrs. Albert, Banning, Barnum Barrera, Barry, Begole, Bright, tion; when I am through I will gladly answer any question the gen Bundy, Burleigh, Cain, Clymer, Darrall, Dobbins, Elliott, Freeman, Gloyer, Harmer, tleman Q.csires to ask, or yield to him for remarks. John 'W. Hazelton, George F. Hoar, Hubbell, Knapp, Lansing, Lewis, Martin, .Morey, Morrison, Myers, Neal, Nesmith, O'Neill, Orth, James H. Platt, jr., Purman Ran 1\fr. HALE, of Maine. Does not this proceed by unanimous consent 'I dall, Ransier, Read, Ross, Henry. J. Scudder, Sheats, Small, William A. Smith, The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Pennsylvania is speaking by Stephens, St. John, Stowell, Strawbridge, Swann, Taylor, Tremain, Marcus L. consent of the House. · Ward, Wheeler, White, Whitehouse, Willie, ~phraim K. Wilson, Woodford, and Mr. HALE, of Maine. I do not wish to shut the gentleman off, as Pierce M. B. Young-56. I knew I 1could do very readily; but just at this point a pertinent So (two-thirds not having voted in the affirmative) the rules were question occurred to me, and instead of shutting him off I desire to not suspended. ask him that question. 1\fr. MAYNARD. I desire to make a parliamentary inquiry. Will Mr. KELLEY. I have said already that when I have concluded my it be in order, before the House goes into Committee of the Whole, remarks I will answer any que!:ltion the gentleman wi hes to put to for a majority of the House to set aside previous orders that have me; but I do think I might be permitted to continue the very brief been made such, so that this order may be reached¥ _ remarks I am about to submit without interruptions of this character. The SPEAKER. A maJority vote can do so any day when the mo Mr. HALE, of Maine. The gentlema.n knows that he cannot speak tion to "O into Committee of the Whole is pending. without unanimous consent. Mr. MAYNARD. Then I give notice to the House that a majority 1\fr. KELLEY. . Well; being in the gentlema.n's power, I yield for having been shown by the vote jnst taken to be manifestly in favor of his question. making this a special order, I will on Thmsday next, if I can get the 1\h. ELDREDGE. Then I object; but I do not object to the gen- floor to make the motion, endeavor to get that done, so that when tleman from Pennsylvania continuing his remarks. · the House goes into Committee of the Whole on that day it shall be Mr. KELLEY. 1\h. Speaker, I was remarking that a.s this resolu on this bill. tion neither binds individual men;tbers, nor Congress, nor the Govern Zt:DLITARY BOUNTY-LAND DISTRICTS. ment, to any expenditure, I could not see what legitimate objection The SPEAKER. The Chair .is reminded by the Clerk that a reso could be made to passing it. Such a commemoration will be :fitting at lution offered by the gentlemanfromMissouri under a suspension of the the end of each succeeding century in the life of our country; but never, rules comes over. The resolution will be read. sir, more :fitting than now. As the century draws to a close we find that The Clerk rea.d as follows: time ~s healing the wounds of the bloodiest war of history ; I say the Resolved, That the Secretary of the Department of the Interior be required to bloo~est war, and I add the gra.ndest war of history; _a war in which furnish this House with the names of soldiers and others to whom patents were arnnes, large as ever met before, contended over bloodier fields for is ned for land lying in the military bounty-land districts in tho States of Missouri more successive days than the heroes of any preceding war; a, war and rkansas for service in the war of 1812, the uumber of the wai.Tant, the desciip· which, when it drew to a close, returned to civil lifo in the vigor of tion of the land granted to each, with the date of the patent, place of residence of oach soldier, company, and r giment in which they severally served, and to whom young manhood an army of veterans, whoso service, measurou by tho the patent was delivered, and the dato when cacll patent was delivered. sanguinary conflicts in which they bad been ougaged, made them 1532 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. . FEBRUAR.Y 16, • veterans in ·a high degree beyond the older soldiers of Great Britain unseal once more that fountain, whose waters, however hidden or and Europe. .A.D.d, sir, with the ..close of the century we come to a obstructed, still perpetually well up in every true American heart. I day that belongs to the common glory of the soldiers of the contend thank the gentleman from Pennsylvania for giving me an opportunity ing armies; and as an act of patriotism, as an act fraught with heal to express the sentiment of the people of my State on this subject, ing balm to a wounded country, it will be well for the soldiers of the and to say that I hope his resolution will be adopted. North and of the South, the people of both sections, to commemorate ~1r. KELLEY. I now yield to the gentleman from Maine, [Mr. the day which marked the begi.iming of their common herita.ge of HALE]-for how Ion~ glory. And, sir, I know the occa-sion will be gla.dly a,ccepted by the Mr. HALE, ~f Marne. Only a very few minutes. In order that soldiers on both sides of this House. · the House may know exactly what ~ before it, I ask that the re olu Sir; pr~ceding the assembling in Ca.rpenters' Hall, ·Phila-delphia, tion be again reaa. which I propose we shall commemorate, one of the Southern States The Clerk again read the resolution, as follows : had sent out its declaration of independence in such ringing -terms RuoZved, (the Stnate conc~trring,) That the members of the Senate and the House and terse sentences as to have given .Mr. Jefferson the draught for his of Representatives will assemble in the Carpenters' Hall, Philadelphia, in informal memorable D~claration of Independence. Sir, there is upon this floor joint s~ssion, on Monday, the 6th day of September, 1874, in centennial commemora tion of the assembling of the clele~ates chosen· and appointed by the several Colonies a soldier of the rebellion whose lineal ancestor, General }i'rancis Nash, and Provinces of North .America. to meet and hold a Congress in Philadelphia in sleeps in the Mennonite grave-yard at Germantown within a few feet that hall, on Monday, the 5th day of September, 1774; and that Ron. JA.ME 'G. of where he fell leading a briga.de of troops from south of the Poto BLATh'"E, Speaker of the House of Representatives, be invited to preside over the meet. mac. I would like to hear what he thinks of the.propriety of cele ing, and Ron. HENRY Wll.BON, Vice-President of the United. States, be requested to brating this day; and therefore I yield to my friend from North Caro- deliver an address appropriate to the occasion. lina [Mr. WADDELL] for a few minutes. . 1\!r. HAI.. E, of Maine. I need not say, what is apparent here un Mr. WADDELL. Mr. Speaker, I fully appreciate, as a gra-ceful doubtedly to everybody, that this is a wholly unpreceuented act; that compliment to the State which I have the honor in part to represent the Congress of the United States, the Senate and House of Repre upou this :floor, this kindly and courteous invitation extended to me sentat?-ves, on a. day when in all likelihood it will not be in session, by my friend from Pennsylvania [Mr. KELLEY] to say a few words but will havo dtSpersed and the members shall hn,ve gone to their i,n support of his resolution. He has been pleased to allude to an homes, shall meet in a body to assiht in a celebration. I do not think event in the r6¥olutionary history of my State which has always that word "celebration" is used in its proper sense. Granted that it been cherished as a just source of pride by her people. I hope I may is a great and memorable historical event that- is to be celebrated. be pardoned for alluding to a still earlier event of which they are But yet nothing of the kind ha-s ever been asked before. It is now equally proud. As early as 1766, and therefore long before the Bos asked that this, so great a departure from all previous action of Con ton tea-party, her citizens, not mn:sked or under cover of night, but gress, shall be put through here without even having been refened in the broad light of day, successfully resisted the landing of British to a committee. stamps on American soil, burned the ship which brought them over, But, sir, the fundamental objection that I have to this proposition and compelled the stamp-ma-ster to take an oath in public that he is that it is but one of many preparatory mea ures upon which we . would not attempt to execute the duties of his office. will be called upon from time to time to act by the eloquent gentle More than twelve months previous to the 4th day of July, 1776, man from Pennsylvania on almost every :Monday of the session; the when the old bell of Independence Hall, in Philadelphia, proclaimed end bein_g that C~n.gre~ shall in some 'Yay S? c?mmit itself to the gre~t "liberty throughout the land, and to the inhabitants thereof," as my centenmin ex:p'>sit:ion m 1876 (as I behave 1t 1s properly and techni friend from Pennsylvania has alrea-dy said, the citizens of North Caro cally called) as to oblige Congress between now and that time to ap lina promulgated the first declaration of American Independence, at propriate money to pay the bills for that exposition. This, sir, is the Charlotte, in Mecklenburgh County. Therefore, without alluding to main reason why I object to the resolution. I do not doubt that, if other events in our revolutionary history, I am justified in sayingthat the proposition be adopted, the gentleman from Pennsylvania here North Carolina may rightfully claim an active participation in any after, whenever the question of Congress paying the bills may come celebr:,tion of the deeds which led to the establishment of this Repub up, will argue, a-s he would have a right to do legitimately, that Con lic. Her Representatives on this floor will ever cheerfully and cordi gress bad committed itself, not in terms, to the exposition of 1876, but ally support the resolution of the gentleman from Pennsylvani..'l., hav to the celebration, as a national matter, of the great events which cul ing tha,t object in view. I think that is a most happy suggestion of mina,tcd in the declaration of independence on the 4th of July, 1776. wliat is almost a positive duty on the part of Congre s. Now, sir, if Philadelphia or Pennsylvania wants a celebration in Sel) Mr. Speaker, if there is ever to be an occasion in our history tember, 1874, ana chooses to get it np, she has my God-speed. If when the recollections of our late strife and bloodshed may be swal the Speaker of this House and the President of the Senate, the lowed up in the more glorious memories of the struggles in which Vice-President of the United States, see fit to go there with all the our forefathers engaged; if there is ever to be a time when the presti~e of the positions they hold, and if the Vice-President chooses representatives of the American people may meet cordiaJ.ly as friends, to deliver an oration, he has my God-speed. If my fellow-t_nembers and each, speaking for himself and his constituents, may take the other here choose to attend the celebration in Carpenters' Hall next Septem by the hand and say," Le"t bygones be bygones; henceforth we will, ber, they equally have my God-speed. But when it is proposed that as our foref:tthers did, stand united in the determination to establish we shall hero declare by joint resolution that Congress itself shall justice and promote the welfare of our common country;" if :111y assemble there, even informally, as a Congress of the United States, event more than another is calculated to give life tokindly:md patri when I know that it is to the end that thi same Congress or the next otic feelings among all classes of our citizens in all parts of our coun shall be called upon, as I believe, to pay from -,000,000 to 10,000,000 try, it seems to me it would be a reunion such a-s this proposed in the toward the centennial exposition of 1876, I cannot agree to the propo resolution of the gentleman from-Pennsylvania, to beheldin the Car sition. penters' Hall in Philadelphia. I have not the vanity to suppose, after what took place two or three In my judgmep.t it is not mere sentimentalism to support this prop weeks a~i>, that any single word of mine will avail much against this osition. There is a sentiment in it, but it is that sort of sentiment proposition. I can only appeal to gentlemen to look at the subject in which preserves the liberties and advances the honor and the glory of a fairz candid view, and ask themselves whether t hey believe it befit-, a country. I hail with very great pleasure this and e-very other evi tingtne dignity of the American Congress to lend itself to what must, dence of a disposition on the part of northern men to keep :olive the as I believe, be claimed as the legitimate result of this action. memories of our earlier history and to cultivate the sentiments which Mr. KELLEY. 1\lr. Speaker, I admit the conectness of some of naturally grow out of them. the suggestions of the gentleman from Maine, [1\lr. HALE.] I freely I again give assurance, no matter what doubt may be entertained admit that this action is unprecedented, because the occasion in ques by gentlemen here on the questio:£!, that in every movement of that tion will be the first centennial anniversary, and no precedent can sort the southern people will meet y:m half way. We have never have been established. I think, sir, that-if thef"entleman should live surrendered our share of the glory which attaches to the accomplish a hundred years and should then be a member o this House, potent a-s ment of American independence, to the framing of the Federal Con- he is now, then if we should fail to pass this resolution to-day, he may . stitution, and to the administration of the affail:s of this Government make the point that the proposition is unprecedented. But, sir, I during the larger and nooler period of its existence. They are not believe that with the flow of each recm-ring century the precedent only preserved to us upon the pages of history, but they are cherished we are now, I hope, to establish, will be followed. by us as one of our proudest legacies. No power can take them from I yield the :floor to the gentleman from Texas, [Mr. HERNDON.] us; and we stand ready again, if permitted, to ·contribute our share Mr. HERNDON. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman from Penn to make the future history of our country worthy of its past. ~ylvania [Mr. KELLEY] for yielding me a few minutes to express my It is unfOI"tunately true that owing to our crippled re ources we can views on the resolution. It is proper that every section of the coun not contribut'-6 so much to the coffers of the nation as formerly. But try should be heard from on this subject. Representing in part an a little sympathy, a little encouragement, a little stretching forth of extreme portion of the Union, one far removed from the birth-place the fraternal hand will not only give a new energy to our material of our natio:u, I am glad to find my sentiments in accord with this growth, but will kindle the :flame that now but feebly flickers in the resolut1on and to be able to ~ve it my hearty support. southern heart. I know nothing of the simster views attl:i.buted to the gentlem.m I thank the gentleman from Pennsylvania for offering this resolu from Pennsylvania by the gentleman from :Maine. The latter gentle tion. Let Congress meet in general convention in that venerable man, as I understand, opposes ·this resolution upon the score of hall on the day designated. Let the omtor of the occasion speak economy. I am glad to find him in favor of a policy of strict econ with healing in his words, with a power that shall arouse the slum omy. No man on this :floor would go farther than myself to help in bering spirit of other days, that shall revive a falt-ering faith and that lb.udable direction. But, Mr. Speaker, this is not a subject for the / 1874. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. 1533 exhibition of economy. This proposition does not require one single are distinct in themselves and dear to the hearts of her people. At dollar to be taken out of the Treasury of the United States. It proposes the end of ten years of success as an independent republic, mu,rc-hing merely an inforiL:!l meeting of both ~ouses of Congre sat ~hiladel in the race of civilization and national greatness, she yielded to a faith phia, on the 5th of September, 187 4. If 1t were proposed by this re olu as strong as it WaB noble and praiseworthy. Believing in a common tion, or any subsequent resolution, to take money out of the Treasury to destiny for the people of the western continent, in one grand repub defray the expenses ~f that me~ting, I should most ce~ainly vo!e lic embracing all people on it, with the freest, wisest, and best insti a<-rainst it; for I believe that if such a ma.tter were mvolved 1t tutions of earth, and with an ardent desire to aid in ha-stening that .:'ould mar the harmony and beauty of the sentiment contained in ultimate destiny, she sacrificed on the altar of self-denial all selfishness, the resolution. renounced her nationality, and freely and willingly annexed her elf Mr. Speaker, one hundred years ago, on the 5th day of next Sep to the Union, and from motives of true patriotism became a part of tember, the first Congress of States met on this continent in a hall this great Government. owned by some mechanics in the city of Philadelphia. That Congress Mr. STARKWEATHER. I would like to ask the gentleman a sin was called to meet by a single State; and it wa.s the first bold, defiant gle question, which is in"the)ine of his argument. Suppose we should confederative act of the colonists for :freedom. That day marked an decide to meet in Philadelphia on the day suggested, and in the mean important event in our histOry; the foundation was there laid ~or a time any occasion should arise for which the President should call mighty national fabric, w~ich ha bee~ constantly added_to, until we upon Congress to assemble in special session, would not this action, find ourselves to-day as therr successors m the grandest Cap1 tol of earth. committing us to a meeting in Philadelphia in joint convention in the With but a handful of Representatives from the then thirteen Colo way suggested, prevent our meeting here to take mea-sures for the nies, containing about two million si~ htmdred thousand ~mils, we emergencyY have increased to two hundred and nmety-two ~epresentatives, sev 1\.f.r. HERNDON. I understand it would not, for this rea.son: In the enty-four Senators, thirty-seven States, ten Territories, forty million first place we can, if neces ary, rescind this re olution. In the sec people, and about forty billions of wealth. But the rapid increase 0 ond place, as Philadelphia is only a few hours' ride from this point, other directions-material, intellectual, and moral advancement-18 we could meet there, celebrate the day, and return here within twenty still more marked and satisfactory, and cannot fail when contem four hours. But if we could not, as suggested by a friend near me, plated to cause the heart of every true American to swell with emo- we could obey the law1 at all events. tions of gratitude. : ...... Sir, whatever there maybe of prestige, heroism, or glory that clusters It is right for nat10ns us well as mdiVlduals to have therr anm-y-ere- around the history and :whievements of this Government in other days, saries memorials, and fixed days to celebrate great events :md achwve :md that is shared in by States who were the actors in tho e scenes, ments in order that they may pause in their career, revive the recol or that may have been inherited by other States afterwa,rd admit lectio~ of the past, view the present, renew old pledges, make new ted, became of right the common property of Texas by choice and vows, that they m~y be armed with higher incentives and nobler aims adoption. From the day she linked her destiny with that of the Fed for the true elevation of mankind in the scale of being. The wise men eral Government, with but a single exception, she has cherished but who met in that Congress predicted that it would be the first of a one sentiment, and tha.t has been to make this the grandest and noblest lon(Y line of successive Congresses that would meet for generations to republic of earth. Never did she falter but once, and then under an co~e, and establish precedents for all time. And how truly prophetic ordeaJ. .too strong for a free people to resist. But even here she illus was that declaration! It is difficult, if not impossible, to estimate the trated, both in civillife and on the field, tha.t she had lost none of those influence and power exercised by the wisdom of the first and succeed sterling qualities, such as self-denial, virtue, statesmanship, and mili ing Comrresses in molding the destinies of this great nation. The first tary prowess that in other days had acquired for her a fame and a Congres~ proved to be the refuge and hope of the colonists in their place among all nationalities. These dark days, with the pitiless early struggles, and the sheet-anchor of American liberty, as its suc storms of passion that swayed our people to and fro, with all the sad cessors have proven to be the great central, moving, and regulating ness and distress that followed, and hung like the pall of death for power of the General Government. It was the. precursor of all that long, weary years over our land, I rejoice to-day are rapidly yielding followed. It wa.s the evidence of a common will to resent a common to tbe smil~ of pea.ce, and the returning acts of justice accorded our enemy. It prepared the way by successive resolutions which led to people from other sections of the Union. Whatever our people may and culminated in the immorta,l Declaration of Independence soon have done for political rea-sons during the late war, whateverof envy after. Whatever of glory and enduring fame may attach to the Dec or malice thes~ acts may have engendered in the minds of others, and laration itself must be largely attributed to the boldness, wisdom, and what may be the present estimate placed upon their attachment to the true heroism of the first Congress. And ift.he 4th day of July should Union because of t}lis, I know not. But, Mr. Speaker, one thing I do be celebrated a-s the birthday of our national Independence, why should know, that whatever may be the e9timation in which we are held by not the 5th day of September, 1874, be commemorated as the centen others, or whatever our people may have said or done, or lost or suf nial of an event but second in importance to that, and claiming our fered, there is one thing of which I can assure the country, thp,t they highest consideration t Sir, I believe it to be a fitting day for com- never lost their virtue, their courage, or their honor. memoration as contemplated by this resolution. · · Every sentiment of my nature is common with that of the South The centennial of the first Congress is special in its nature, and and her dearest interests ; every pulsation of my heart beats in uni confined to our own people; it marks an event which led to great son with that of my people; I shared with them their joys and suf consequences, and is to be held at a place where the representatives fered in common w1th them in their sorrows, distress, and losses, and of the nation and the people can meet on hallowed ground, and, for believe that I truly represent them when I declare on this floor that getting all past differences, renew th!>t fraternal feeling and patriotic no State or people would, to:.day, resist an insult t.o our national flag devotion-to the country and its institutions which must ever form the quicker or draw the sword sooner in defense of the national honor strongest bond of our Union. The centennial of our Indepenuence is than the people of Texa-s. They love their own Texas with its his wider in its scope and influence ; it deeply concerns every individuaf tory, its memories, the graves of its heroes and their fame-for wha.t of the nation. But it does much more; it affects every nationality of it bas been, and for its brightening prospects as the future home of the earth, and I hope all nations may be fitly represented on that millions. But they love the Federal Government also, for with her occasion. There is no incompatibility between celebrating both days; destiny is the destiny of Texas linked for weal or woe. And I am they perfectly harmonize ; the one precedes and ·prepares the way for glad that we are about to fix a national festival, a day for national the other, just as the first Congress led to the Declaration of Independ commemoration, a day that will revivo national recollec~ions of ster ence. I hope to see the day and place fixed by the wisdom and patriot ling virtue and noble patriotism; and at a place where every section ism of this Congress for the commemora.tion in all time of the of the Union can feel is common and hallowed ground; where all our meeting of the fir t Congress on this continent, where many centen past strife, discord, and bitterness may be sacrificed and forgotten on nials shall be celebrated by the assembled millions of freemen in the altar of a common and united country; where, I trust, a lofty recounting the vast changes and improvements that have been wrought more generous, and noble patriotism shall animate our people and add in the ciVilization of our people and the science of our government. fresh energy to our national growth, unite us in closer bonds of inter Mr. Speaker, I trust I shall be pardoned for :.illuding briefly and est and fraternal feeling, and enable our descendants to celebrate the· more specially to the position of Texas in reference to this resolution. centennial with the same united and unbrokoii Republic, with her She occupies a different attitude in some respects from that of any teeming millions of freemen advanced M far beyond this day in all other State in the Union. The Thirteen Colonies determined to be free, that tends to elevate man in the scale of being as we feel that we and became so by their united valor and patriotism. The territory of have advanced beyond the condition of our ancestors, whose repre other States has been acquired by the common blood and treasure of sentatives met in the first Congress of this continent, one hundred the whole country, and new States have been successively formed out years ago. of this territory and admitted into the Union. But Texas was !Ir. KELLEY. I now yield to the· gentleman from Virginia, [Mr. acquired by no such method. She, like the Colonies, was tributary to WmTEHEAD.] a mother country which sought her oppression and degradation. Mr. CREAMER. I object to any more of this speech-making. I She resisten that tyranny; declared her independence in 1836; drew understand that we appropriate Saturdays to such purposes. I move the sword in defense of her rights; vanquished the .Mexican army that the resolution be laid on the table. at San Jacinto, and carved out for herself a magnificent empire Mr. KELLEY. I am very sorry the gentleman objects to debate. I larger than Japan. The battle-flag that waved triumphantly over move to suspend the rules and put the resolution on its passage. the bloody field of San Jacinto was recognized as the emblem of her Mr. G. f. HOAR. I hope the gentleman from Pennsylvania will nationality on the high sea-s and in the harbors and capitals of the consent to have this resolution referred to the Centennial Committee, nations of the world. She ha8 her owu hallowed days to celebrate of which he is chairman. As we a,ll know, the Vice-President of the her battles a.nd victories, her heroism and grea,t achit:rvements, that United States is iu very feeble health, a.nd it is extremely doubtful 1534 CONGRE-SSIONAL RECORD. FEBRUARY 16, whether he would feel justified in accepting the invitation. Besides, The SPEAKER. It is proposed by the gentleman from Pennsyl I submit .it would .b~ an act of ~reat disr~pect to send to the Senate vania to make the bill a special order in Committee of the Whole for a resolutiOn for a JOmt conventiOn proposmg that the Speaker of the Tuesday next. House should preside over it. I hope that the resolution will be re Mr. D.A. WES. Does it in any way affect the other special orders f ferred. The SPEAKER. It does not. It will be subordinate to special l\1r. KELLEY. I can only say to the gentleman that I have con orders in committee which have already been made. sulted some of the best parliamentarians in the ~ouse, and t?-ey There was no objection, and the special order was made as indi seemed to think that the proper order was adopted m the resolution. cated. Mr. G. F. HOAR. I should like to u,sk the gentleman from Penn MESSAGE FROM THE SENATE. sylvania. to name a skillful parliamen~~ian who w~uld ay it is ~ecom .A. mes age was received from the Senate, by Mr. SniPSON, one of inO' in us to propose to the Senate a Jomt convention over which the its clerks, notifying the House that that body had passed without Sp~aker wa-s to be the presiding officer ! amendment an act (H. R. No. 1769) for the relief of Colonel Daniel Mr. KELLEY. I decline to answer t~ gentleman's question. McClure, assistant payma-ster-general. The SPEAKER. The question is on suspending the rules and pass~ The message further announced that the Senate had passed bills of ing the resolution. Is there a second! the following titles; in which the concurrence of the House was re Mr. HALE, of Maine. I demand tellers. quested: Tellers were ordered; and 1\Ir. KELLEY and Mr. CRlliMER were ap- .An act (S. No. 149) for the relief of .certain settlers on the Fort pointed. . Randall military reservation ; The House divided; and the tellers reported-ayes 95, noes 56. .An act (S. No. 238) permitting James McDonald, a warrant officer So there wa a second. of the Navy, to accept a silver medal from the government of Italy; Mr. HALE, of Maine. I demand the yoas and nays on the motion .A.u act (S. No. 254) to donate the military reservation at Fort to suspend the rules. - Steilacoom, in the Territory of Washington, for the use of the insane The yeas and nays were ordered. asylum; The question wns taken; and there were-yeas 115, nays 91, not .A.n act (S. No. 310) for the relief of W. W. Elliott; voting 3 ; a-s follows : .An act (S. No. 311) for the relief of Joseph Montanari, and for YEAS-Messrs. .Albright, Archer, Ashe,_ Bell, Biery, Bright, Bnc~ er, Burrows, other purposes ; . :Roderick R. Butler, Cessna, Amos Clark,Jr., .Tohn B. Clark.Jr., Clinton L. Cobb, An act (S. No. 316) granting a pension to Elizabeth F. Thompson; Coburn, Comingo, Conaer, Corwin, Cox, Crock er , Crntchtl.eld, Curtis, .Alexander M, Davis,~ .Tohn.T. :Davis, tl'unnell, Eames, Eldre(lge, Field, Fort, Frye, Glover, Hagans, .A.n act (S. No. 317)forthe relief of Henry G. Smith, of Indianapolis, Hamilton, Benjamin W. Harris, H arrison, Hathorn, Ravens, ;Joseph R. Hawley, Indiana; H ereford, H erndon, Hodges, Holman, Houghton, Hynes ~.-.rewett, K elley, K ello_,gg, .An act (S. No. 341) for the relief of Anderson J. Smith; and K endall, Killinger, Lamar, L amison, Lamport, Lawson, Leach, Lofland, Lownaed, .An act (S. No. 439) to provide for the payment of D. B. Allen & Co. M.a ... ee .Alexander S. McDill, MacDougall, Moore, N agley, 0 ' Brien, Packard, Packer, Pa.i'e, Hosea W. P arker, Isaac C. P arker, P elham, P endleton, P erry, Phillips, Pike, for service in carrying the United States mails. :Rainey, Ran sier, Rioo, Richmond, Robbins, W illiam R. Roberts, Rusk, H enry B. PENSION APPROPRIATION BILL. Sayler, Scofielrl, Sessions, Shea~ , Sheldon, harwood, ;Lazarus D. Shoemakur, Sloss, A. H err Smith, George L. Sm1th, H. Boarclm.a.n Snuth, Snyder, Speer, Sprague, Mr. BUTLER, of Massachusetts. I move that the rules be suspended Standeford, St. ' 1874. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. 1535 Mr. COX. Did thia getting up _of statistics do any good, :whether men, and marines, and consequently without expense to the Government of the United States. And the a~t of Congress provide.~ that the asylum shall be main in reO'ard to the duties on tea or coffee, or stamp tax, or anything else 7 tuined from money arising from the naval prize-fund. Mr~ DAWES. I submit that this is a simple act of justice. If the I have said all that I know about this matter, and hope it is what you requiro. House do not seo the matter 38 I do let them say so. I remain, very respectfully, yours, The motion to suspend the rules was seconded, th~ rules were sus DAVID D. PORTER, A.dmira~. pe:aded, (two-thirds voting .therefor,) and the resolution was adopted. Ron. WILLIAM J. O'BnmN, .M. a. HORN ISLAND. PHILADELPHIA. NA.VA.L ASYLUM. :Mr. LAMAR, by unanimous consent, submitted the following pre Mr. O'BRIEN. I a.sk unanimous consent to offer the following pre amble and resolution; which were read, considered, and agreed to: amble and resolution. The Clerk read u.s follows : Whereas certain parts of an island called Horn Island, lying in the Gulf of Mex ico, were, by order of t~ President, dated August 30, 1847, reserved for military Whereas, in pursn..'l.D.ce of an oot of Congress passed in the year 1811, a c~mmission ~ f~poses; and whereas said reservation has never been used for any purpos~: There- consisting of the Secretaries of the Navy, Treasury, and W:ar, was constitu~d ann authorized to provide a yermanent nn.val a~ylum for destitu~ and dec_rep1t naval B~ it resolved by the House of Representatives, That the Military Committee be officers, sea.men, and marilles; .and wh~reas, ill pursuance of S.'l.~cl a~thonty, a ~aval instructed to inquire and report upon the advisability of the sale of said reservation as lum was established at Philadelphia; and whereas the smd m~ now en!ll"ely to private citizens. · s~unds said Mylum, and the present site has therefore become entirely unsmta~le for such a,sylum · and whereas the health and comfort; of the brave men who J.l!l" MINTS, ASSAY OFFICES, AND COINAGE. periled their live's for their country would be highly promoted b:y a r emov2l.of sa1d asylum to Annapolis, where the locality, scenery, and surround}ngs pre-emmently 1\Ir. HOOPER. I ask unanimous consent to introduce for present fit it as a. site for such an institution; and whereas the sale of srud asylum would be consideration a bill to amend the act entitled "An act revising and a measure of grent economy, as saitl buildings and groiDids are very .yalu:?.ble, and amending the laws relative to the mints, assay offices, and coinage of from the fundS thereof suitable buildinrrs could be erected at Annapolis and leave a. large balance for the Treasm·y: TherefOre, . tho United States," allproved February 12, 1873. Resolved, That the Secret.'l.ry of the Navy be, and is h;erebY:, directe~ to inform this The bill was read, as follows: House of the propriety of a sale of the Naval Asylum ill Philadelphia, and tho erec That ""-he forty-seventh section of the act entitled "An act revising and :.unend tion of suitable buildings on the grounds adjacent to theNa val Academy at .Annapo ing the laws relative to the mints and assay offices and coinage of the United States," lis belonging to the Government, for the purposes of 1_1 naval asylum; and also to approved F ebruary 12, 1873, be, and the same is hereby, so amended that it shall communicate any information he may have on the subJect. read as follows: "That for the purpose of enablin~ the mints and assay offices of the United States to make returns to depositors Wlth as little delay as possible, it Mr. KILLINGER. I object to the resolution being a~opted; but I shall be the duty of the Secretary of the Treasury to keep in the said mints and wouldhavenoobjection to its being referred to the Comnnttee onNa val assay offices, when the state of the Treasury will admit thereof, such an amount of Affairs · public money or bullion as he shall judge convenient antl necessary, out of which Mr. O'BRIEN. I send to the desk a letter from the Admiral of the those who bring bullion to the said mints and assay offices may be paid the value thereof, less coinage and other mint charges and a rea onable charge for transpor Navy, which I ask to have read. tation, as soon as practicable after the value ha-s been nscert.'lined; antl on payment Mr. KILLINGER. I object. thereof being made, the bullion so deposited shall become the property of the United .Mr. O'BRIEN. I ask that the resolution, and the letter of the Ad States, and may be transferred to any mint or assay office for comage or conversion into fine bars. And tho Secretary of the Treasury is hereby authorized to ~. as miral of the Navy be referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs. far as he may deem it proper and e::.:pedient, for payment to depositors of gold bul There wa.o no objection, and it was so ordered. lion, coin certificates r epresentinR coin in the Treasury and issued under the pro Mr. O'BRIEN. I also ask that the letter of the Admiral of the Navy visions of section 5 of the act entitled • An act to provide ways and means for the be printed in the RECORD. support of the Gove=ent~' approved March 3, 1863. But the Secretary of tho Treasury may at any time withUra.w the fund, or any portion thereof, and may also, There was no objection, and it wM so ordered. from time to time, transfer to l.he office of tho assistant treasurer at New York, The letter is as follows: from the bullion fmlCl of any mint or assay office, refined gold ba.rs, bearing the OFFICE OF THE ADMIRAL, United States stamp of fineness, weirrht, and intrinsic value, or bru·s from any melt Washingtvn, D. 0., Februar-y 10, 1874. of foreign coin or bullion of atandar:l equal to or above that of the United States, DEAR Srn : I received your note of the 9th insf.ru?.t this ~orning, in relation to the and may apply the same, at not less thau par, to the redemption of coin certificates poopriety of disposing of the Naval Asylum at Philadelphia. . or in exchange for gold coins, subject to such regulations as he may prescribe." I can. give you little information about this matter beyond expressmg my own 1\Ir. WILSON, of Indiana. I must certainly object to that bill being viitb.~s Ion been evident to officers of theNavy thn.t theNavalAsylum is the most put on its passage now. ' improperly Yocated building \m4er the Government, :md I h..·we alwa.yd been an advo- Mr. KASSON. Then, objection being made, I resume the floor. cate for its removal to Annapolis. . While I was superintendent of the Na.vnl Ac.. Mr. COX. I made a motion to adjourn. pr decessors, or any of them. That ruling may be changed; but, in Mr. KASSON. Surely the gentleman would not cut me off now order to chn.nge a ruling once made, it will be necessary that the when I have been yielding for the accommodation of other members Y opinion of a law officer of the Government shall be given in support Mr. COX. I would not (lo such a thing for the world, and withdraw of tho Secretary's opinion, that there should be a change in the con the motion to adjourn. struction of the law ; or, on the other hand, that thf\r should be a Mr. BUTLER, of Massachusetts. Does not this bill go to the Com deci ion of the court, with which the law officer of the Government mittee of the Whole on the state of the Union Y shall be so satisfied that he will take no appeal from it. In either of The SPEAKER. Under the rules it would; but the gentleman pro these ways the ruling of the Secretary may be changeu. But being poses to suspend the rules. changed, it will not be within the power of the Secretarv, under thi Mr. GARFIELD. I suggest that unn.nimous consent be given to bill, to refund any duties once paid in, but he must report the facts to the gentleman from Iowa to explain the bill, r~serving the right to Congress :md allow Congress to provide for the liquidation of the object. claim. · · The SPEAKER. There is no necessity of reserving the right to Mr. ELDREDGE. Will the gentleman allow me to ask a question Y object, because the bill cannot be considered in the House except .Mr. KASSON. Certainly. under a suspension of the rules. ' Mr. ELDREDGE. I would like the bill to go a little farther tb:m The Clerk read the bill. The first section provides that the moneys I think it does. The gentleman will know whether it reaches au pn,id into the hands of any collector, or into the Treasury, from cus error or a wrong like one which I will specify. Some time ago it wa.-:J toms duties, in accordance with any decision or rulin~ previous~y held by one of the Secretaries of the Interior. that the revenue bw made b~ the Secretary of the Treasury, shall not be refunaed or reprud did not extend over the Indian Territory. At that time Mr. Boudinot except in pursuance of special appropriation therefor made by law was engaged in the manufactme of tobacco in the Indian country. or in accordance with a judgment of a court of the United States, He wrote to the Secretary of the Interior to know whether the reveime giving const.ruction to the law, and from which the Attorney-General laws woulcl be enforced in that Territory, and received an answer that shall certify that no appeal or writ of ·error will be taken by the they would not be. A change took place in the Secretary's office. A United States. No ruling or decision once made by the Secretary of new Secretary was appointed. And so careful was Mr.Boudinot that the Treasury, giving construction to any law imposing customs duties, hf\ wrote to the pre;>ent Secretary of the Interior, and received an shn,ll be changed by the same or a succeeding Secretary, unless it be answer to the same effect. Subsequently to thn.t time, and under t,he in concurrence with an opinion in favor of such change given by the order of the Secretary of the Interior, his property was seized, his Attorney-General, or by reason of a judicial decision of a court of busine s broken up, and, in a property point of view, he was n.bso the United States affecting the same, from which the Attorney-General lutely destroyed. shall certify that no app al or writ of error will be taken by the Now, it seems to me that when decisions have been made in such United States. The second section provides that the Secretary of the cases, although the change does not involve the taking or refunding Treasury, in his annual report to Congress, shall give a detailed state of money from the Tren.sury, yet when a Secretary has ruled upo an ment of the various sums of money refunded under the provisions of important question like the one to which I have referred, that decision this act, or of anyotheractof'Congressrelatingto the revenue, together ~hould be final uutil con~idered and reviewed lly some higher author with copies of the ruling under which repayments were made. Ity than the Secretary bunself. He should not bo allow d to decide Mr. KASSON. With permission of the House I desire not only to one way to-day and anothor way to-morrow, o as to ruin the bu i state to the House what the bill seeks to accomplish, but also to cor ness and destroy the prospects of a man, as the busine s and pro 11ects rect misapprehensions that have gone out, the echoes of which have of Colonel Boudinot were destroyed by the decision of the Secretttry come back within the past two days, since notice was given of the of the Interior. introduction of this bill. A bHl had previously been introduced into Mr. KASSON. We do not, Mr. Speaker, in this bill change the the House by the gentleq~.an from New York, [Mr. MERRIAM,] which system of interior revenue collection. The committee chose only to proposed that under no circumstances should any money once paid meet theca es which were most pressing now, and whlch, so far as into the Treasury be refunded. I ob erve from the public prints that the principle is concerned, are in the direction to which the gentleman the impression prevails that this bill of the Committee on Vf ays and refers. This bill is de igned to ~vesteadiness and permanence to the .Means is de igned to deprive the Secretary of the Treasury, in ·au ::ulministra1;ion. of the Treasury Department, requiring the ecretary ca e , of the power to con-ect any error of the subordinate officers of under certam circumstances to repOit to Congress before moneys which the Treasury Department, n.nd to deprive the merchant of all the have once been puid in hall be paid out of the Trea ury; aud on the relief which the law now grants to him without waiting, for the ac other hand protecting the merchant against the action of a ubordi tion of Congre s. That impression is an error. nato by securing to him the right which he now Itas of prote t and ap Under the law as it now stands it is provided that whenever the peal; of obtaining the ruling of tho Secretary and hn.ving any errors Secretary of the Treasury is satisfied that duties have been errone correcte(l in the first instance. ously p::l>id, he shall have authority to issue his warrant upon the Mr. GARFIELD. J wish to ask the gentleman from Iowa [Mr. Treasurer to refund duties that have been paid in excess of what he KAssoN] whether this proposition does not substantially require every may consider ·riO'ht at the time. The result has been that he not only man who has been subjected to an overcharge to sue the United corrects errors that hn.ve been committed prior to the construction of States, and prevent him from receiving repayment except in pursu the law made by himself officially, but that construction may be ance of an appropriation f chan~ed from time to time by him"and by his successor in office in Mr. KASSON. I answer that it does not, except where it is pro definitely; and money is being continually paid out of the Treasury, posed to change the former deliberate ruling and decision of the year by year, as the changing opinions of the Secretary of the Treas Department. In that case it does require the claimant to come to ury may be made manifest. Congress before he can get the money out of the Treasury. To that The object of the Committee on' Ways and Means in directing the extent it takes from any one officer the power to deplete the Trea ury. reporting of this bill ana asking the early action of the House upon Mr. GARFIELD. I understand that about twenty-five hundred · it, is to prescribe a limitation upon the now unlimited power of the suittS are now pending for t.he recovery of overpayments of this kind; Secretary of the Treasury. The committee did not deem it right to and if this bill is likely to add to the number of those suits, it seems deprive the me?chants of all opportunity for relief, when a law is to me it will lumber up our courts in a manner very objectionn.ble. made and construed as to his liability. Accordingly, whenever any Mr. KASSON. Let me say iu the first instance, becn.use it will end debts are now or hereafter paid, that is if this bill should become a the"whole debate on that point, that this bill does not affect the ques law, a merchant dissatisfied with the duties required of him gives tion of suits in any particular. The same number will probably exist, the notice required by law, makes the appeal required by law, and whether the bill be or be not passed. obtains a decision upon the law from the Secretary of the Treasury, Mr. BUTLER, of Massachusetts. I think, .Mr. Speaker, thn.t this which will harmonize conflicting decisions of his subordinates, or que tion had better be pretty thoroughly considered; and I will give. correct them, and in that case his money may be paid back to him. the reason. Let me tate, in the first pla-ce, exactly what a merchant To illustrate the necessity for such a law a-s this./ I will refer to now lias to do before he can obtain any refund of duties from the cases which may occur. The collector of Boston ruJ.e that one rate Treasury Department . He must appeal in writing, setting forth the of duty should be applied to an imported article; the collector of grounds of his appeal, within ten days after the payment is made. New York rules that another rate of duty should be applied to the He must first pay the amount demanded, and then he has ten days in same article. The consequence is that the competing merchants of a which to make a written appeal. He must then bring suit within particular cla s of merchandise will introduce their goods into the thirty days. Having brought his suit, he may then a~p1y to the Sec markets of this country and be obliged to sell them at different rates retary to reverse the ruling of the subordinate; and if the rulin(J' be because of the difference of the cost to the two parties, resulting from reversed, the money is paid back to him without intere t. Or if ho the conflicting rulings of the subordinates of the Treasury Depart fails to get the Secretary of the Treasury to reverse the decision, or to ment. It is indispensable that such conflicts should be avoided, by send the case to the Attorney-General, he may then go on with his having some power to harmonize the rulings of the subordinates of suit and obtain his pay at the end of the litigation. the Treasury Dep:1rtment, and putting mercbants of the country upon There were over five thousand cases of appeals last year. Of course equal terms. the Secretary of the Treasury cannot attend to five thousand appeals; This bill, therefore, provides that the power shall exist in the Sec he must leave the matter in most cases to a subordinate, who some retary of the Treasury to refund money paid into the Treasury before times decides rightly and sometimes wrongly. If a c2.se is impor the "first.ruling of the Treasury Department upon any law. Beyond tant an appeal is .taken to the Secretary himself. This is why there that, the bill provides that the Secretn.ry of the Troasmy shall not is a lack of uniformity in the decisions. chn,nge his ruling upon any particular point, or the ruling of his But while the courts hold, in accordance with decisions of th~ 1874. CONGRESSIONAL REC.ORD. 1537 Supreme Court, that in all cases of taxation if there is any doubt the opinion of the Secretary of the Treasury against it, liable to be paid ont doubt should be given against the Government, because taxes ought of the Treasmy jn the manner I have stated. . Under these circum not to be collected from the citizen upon doubtful grounds-while stances the committee thought it was their duty to call the attention this is the law a.s administered by the courts, as declared three times of Congre to the e facts so th::tt some reme taken from the statutes, and a,ll standing illone way; and yet when In the :first place, collectors may differ in the construction of the you come to examine your official scro~ you find the change of a comma law. The one at New York mn.y decide that a certain amount of duty is costing the Government 2,000,000, in contradiction to a,Jl the printed OUJ?ht to be paid; the one at Boston may decide diffi reutly, an retary of the Trea-sury a-bout the duty on fruit. The error does not for arms, equipmcnts, military stores, supplies, a.nd all other expen8es lie there; it lies somewhere else. Those of us who drew the bill in of the volunteer forces of the Indian war of 1862; and tela.tion to the tariff, to which reference has been Ilillde, know wha-t An act (S. No. 367) authorizing the Secretary of War to deliver to we intended and how we left it. It is different in the enrolled copy of the State authorities of Rhode Island a certain gun. the bill in the office of the Secretary of State; a.ndas it is there, I clo not CONTIXENTAL CONGRESS CENTENNIAL. see bow anybody can come to a,ny different construction of it than is given by the Secret::try of the Tre::tsury on this ma,tter of fruits. In the Mr. KELLEY, by unanimous consent, presented the following reso enrolled bill, in the free list, are these words: "fruits, plants, tropic::tl lution; which was referred to the Select Committee on the Centen and semi-tropical, for the purpose of propaga-tion and cultiv::ttion." nial Celebration and the Proposed National Census of 1875: There is a comma after the word "fruits," and the Secret.ary of the Resolved, (the Senate concurring,) That the members of the Senate and the House Treasury is right in s:1yin~ that under tha-t wording fruits are to· be of Repre cntatives of the United States will assemble in the Carpenters' Hall, Philadelphia, in informal joint session, on Monday, the 6th day of September, 1874, -admitted free of duty. And so in regard to the matter of paper in in centennial oommemoration of the a. sembling of the delegates chosen and a.p another pa.rt of the bill; as it stands in the enrolled bill, I do not pointed by the several Colonies and Provinces in North Amer1ca, to meet and hold _see how the Secretary could come to any different conclusion. But a Congress in Philadelphia in that hall, on Monday, the 5th day of September, 1774; and that the Ron. JAMEs G. Bur.m, Speaker of the House of Representatives, be it was not so when it left Congress. When the -subject of the free invited to preside over the meeting, and the Ron. HE:::mY WILSON, Vice-President list was under considera-tion my friend from Florida. [Mr. "\VALLS] of the United States, be requested to deliver an address appropriate to the occasion. moved to strike out the whole pa,ra.gra.ph under the heading "fruit," and his motion was carried. When the bill went to a committee of LEGISLATIVE APPROPRIATION BILL. conference it was written in in this way: "fruit-plants," then a comma., Mr. GARFIELD, from the Committee on Appropriations, reported a there being a hyphen between" fruit" and" plants," and then the words bill (H. R. No. 2064) making appropriations for the legislative, execu "tropical and semi-tropical, for the purpo e of propagation," &c.; that tive, and judicial expenses of. the Government for the year ending was . what was put in the report of the committee of conference. I June 30, 1875, and for othe:r purposes; which was read a first and sec have the Statutes here, printed by Little & Brown, from the enrolled ond time. bill in the State Department, and the statute is not printed as the Ir. GARFIELD. I move thn.t this bill be printed, together with enrolled bill reads. In this book the word is not "fruit" but "fruits." testimony and tabular statements in reference to it; that it be referred In the enrolled bill it is "fruits," with a comma. following, and then to the Committee of the Whole on the state of the Union, and be come the words "plants, tropical a.nd semi-tropical, for the purpose made a special order for Wednesday morning next, after the morning of propagation." So the Secretary was right in his decision; I do hour. not see how it could be supposed tha.t he was otherwise. Mr. WOODFORD. Will the effect of that be to give this bill pre · But, independently of the question whether the Secretary is right cedence over the consideration of the bill legalizing the issue of the or not, I object to any Secretary having this power over the Treasury; reserve of $44,000,QOO ¥ to first put this construction upon an act as a. judicial officer, and The SPEAKER. The Chair thinks that bill wa.s made a special then draw his warrant to take out of the Treasury just what in his order subordinate to general appropriation bills. The Calendar, which opinion may be due, leaving no mode open for the United States to is incorrectly made up, does not so state; but the Journal shows the bring the question before a court. fact. I wish it to be understood that I never h::we intended, in the remarks 1\Ir. WOODFORD. I trust, l\Ir. Speaker, that this House will give I have madJ at another time or now, to cast the slightest reflection its attention, first of all, to tho bill which is to settle the status of upon the action of any Secretary of the Treasury in the aWI1inistra.tion the reserve. of this law. This officer has exercised his authority in pursuance of The SPEAKER. The Chair has theimpression(and the Clerk con a power which Congress has given him; but no man ought to be firms it) that the bill referred to by the gentleman was made a, special invested with the power to draw his warrant upon the Trea-sury in order snbject. t.o t.he precedence of general appropriation bills. this m:1Dller. Congress, not the Secretary, should determine what :hir. GARFIELD. It was. · amount shall be paid out of the Treasury. 1\fr. WOODFORD. The business interests of the counh·y require Mr. KASSON. The gentleman from Indiana, [Mr. NIBLACK,] a. that we shall settle, first of all, what is the st::ttus of the 44,000,000 member of the C~mmittee on Ways and Means, desires to say :1 few reserve. On that hangs every busines enterprise in all the land, ::tnd words on this question. I yield to him. it is the duty of this House to meet that question first of all apd set- Ir. NIBLACK. Mr. Speaker, it was ele::trly demonstrated to the tle it, and settle it forever. . committee, I think, tha.t the present mode of administering the cus Mr. GARFIELD. I make my motion that the bill be made the toms laws with reference to refunding duties supposed to have been special order in Committee of the Whole· on the state of the Union improperly collected is very unsatisfactory ; and for this reason I for Wednesday next, after the rilorning. hour, ::tnd from d:1y to day interposed no objection to the reporting of this bill. I have not exam until dis-posed of. ined the details of the measure carefully; but believing th::tt some The SPEAKER. Those in favor of making the bill the special thing ought to be done to restrict the present power of the Secretary of order in Committee of the Whole after the morning hour on Wednes the Treasury in this respect and to give uniformity and stability t.o day next, from dn.y to day until disposed of, will vote in the affirmative. the decisions of his Department, I was entirely willing that this Mr. WOOD. Let me suggest, before the vote is taken, that this large measure should be tried as an experiment. Hence, though not pre bill can scarcely be printed by Wednesday morning next. pared to defend the bill in all its details, which I have not examined, 1\-fr. GARFIELD. It is in type now, and the corrections will be I interposed no objection to the reporting of the bill, and shall not made 0 -night, and the bill will be printed and on our tables to-molTOW object now to its passage. morning. Mr. POTTER. I wish to suggest a verbal correction in the bill. Mr. WOOD. -Let me ask the gentlem::tn from Ohio whether h~ pro Mr. YOUNG, of Georgia. I move that the House adjourn. poses to mako this bill the special order exclusive of all other special Mr. KASSON. I now yield to the gentleman from New York, [1\Ir. orders, exclusive of the tax bill and the forty-four million re erve bill 'f MERRIAM.] l\fr. GARFIELD. I will consult the v:ishes of the House when :1\Ir. MERRIAM, :Mr. Speaker, my object in introducing this bill-- the bill comes up as to what disposition shall be made of it. 1\Ir. YOUNG, of Georgia. I insist on the motion to adjourn. · The SPEAKER. Tho Chair has sent for the Journal to ascertain The SPEAKER. This discussion is proceeding by unanimous con- precisely the status of the various special orclers. sent. 1tir. GARFIELD. I am informed by the gent1emanfroml\Iassachu Mr. KASSON. If objection is made, I will now, in compliance with setts, [ Ir. DAWES,] chairman of the Committee on Ways and Means, requests made to me, take a vote of the House on the motion to sus that they were so ma{le special orders on the motion of the gentlem::tn pend the rules. himself. Mr. POTTER. I want to call attention to one verbal correction. The SPEAKER. Then, if they were made special orders in sub Mr. KASSON. Objection is made to debate. ordination to regul:1r appropriation bills, this will be considered in :1\Ir. POTTER. T.his will not be objected to, I am sure. advance of them. The SPEAKER. The pending motion is that of the gentleman from 1tir. GARFIELD. I will not antagonize the wishes of the House. Georgia, that the House adjourn. The SPEAKER. The Chair will then put the question. The question being taken on the motion, there were-ayes 38, noes Mr. WOODFORD. If this be ma~e the special order it will then not counted. be put ahead of the forty-four million bill i · So the motion wru::; not agreed to. Mr. GARFIELD. Yes, sir. The SPEAKER. The que tion now recurs on the motion of the Mr. HAWLEY, of Connecticut. But the House c::tn at any time gentleman from .Iowa, [Mr. K.asso~,] to suspend t.he rules and pass set it a ide. · the bill reported by him from the Committee on Ways a.ncl Means. Mr. BUTLER, of Ma sachusetts. No; you cannot do th::tt. The motion was agreed to. Mr. GARFIELD. I de ire to know exactly what the House wishes to have done in reference to this bill. ENROLLED BILLS SIGNED. The SPEAKER. It can go to the Committee of the Whole on the Mr. PENDLETON, from the Committee on .Enrolled Bills, reported state of the Union, and take its place on the general Calendru.'. that the committee had examined and found truly enrolled bills of Mr. ~IAYNARD . There are matters of general legislation which the following titles; when the Speaker signed the same : should fir t be attended to. · An :1ct (S, No. 29) to authorize the Secretary of \Var to- ascertain 1\Ir. BUTLER, of Massachusetts. Let us get through with the other the amount of expense incurred by the territorial authorities of Dakota bills fir t. ' 1540 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. FEBRUARY 16, 1\Ir. GARFIELD. I believe I have the floor. I ask for a division By Mr. DUNNELL : The petition of ~I. Giddings and others, of of the House on the motion that the bill be made n. special order for Saint Charles, l\Iinne ota, for the repeal of the seconrl section of tho Wednesday next, and from day to clay until disposed. of. . act of June 6, 187~, which reduced certain duties 10 per cent., to .Mr. BUTLER, of .Massachusetts. Is that to be to the excluswn of all the Committee on Ways and Means. • othf\r special orders f By lli. DURHAM: Resolutions of the Boyle County Medical So :Mr. GARFIELD. I leave that to the Hou e. ciety of the State of Kentucky, in favor of increa-sing the efficieucy :Mr. BUTLER, of ~Iassachusetts. It id not what you say, but what of the Medical Department of the Army, to the Committee on Military the rules say. Affairs. Mr. GARFIELD' motion was· rejected. By 1\Ir. EAl\IES: The remonstrance of the National Bank of North Mr. GARFIELD. I move now that the bill be referred to the Com America., and thirty-one other national banks in Rhode Island, agninst mittee of the Whole on the state of the Union, to go on the general the withdrawal of any part of their circulation, to the Committee on Calendar, and that the bill and accompanying report be ordered to be Banking and Currency. printed. / Also, resolutions of the Medical Association of Providence, Rhode The SPEAKER. The Chair will state what the status of the bill Island, relative to the Medical Corps of the United States Army, to the will then be. It is to be preferred to all other bills on the general Committee on Military Affairs. Calendar, but not to bills which have been made special orders. . By Mr. FOSTER: The petition of .Jonathan Witter, late private .Mr. COX. That is the order already made. Company H,...One htmdred and first Ohio Volunteers, for a change in The SPEAKER. Appropriation bills, if referred without being made his military record, to the Committee on ~Iilitary Affairs. special orders, are to be preferred, and tax bills in time of war, even By Mr. HARRISO:N: The petition of citizens of Naf}hville, Tennes if not made special orders. see, for an appropriation for the improvement of the Upper Cumber Mr. MAYNARD. It stands on the Calendar subject to the general land River, to the Committee on Commerce. rule of the House. Also, the petition of citizens of Nashville, Tennes ee, asking that .The SPEAKER. Precisely; but that is t.he general rule of the that city be made a port of entry, to the Committee on Ways and House. Mettns. Mr. G. F. HOAR. I reserve all points of order. .Also, the petition of Dial Brown and others, resident of Tenne see, The SPEAKER. All points of order will be reserved. for compensation for property taken from them for the use of the The bill and accompanying report were then ordered to be printed, Unitod States Army, to the Committee on War Claims. and referred to the Committee of the Whole on the state of the Union. Also, the petition of Asa. Faulkner, S. B. Spurlock, and Lewis L. And then, on motion of Mr. YOUNG, of Georgia, (at twenty minutes Faulkner, for compensation for property taken by the Govel.'lllilent to five o'clock p.m.,) the House adjourned. during the late war, to the Committee on War Claims. ~ By :Mr. HATHORN: The petition of Thomas Osborn, for a pension, to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. By 1\Ir. HYNES: The petition of Elizabeth B. Wofford, for a. pen PETITIONS, ETC. sion, to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. The following memorials, petitions, and other papers were presented By Mr. KELLOGG: A paper for the establishment of a. pot-route at the Clerk's desk under the rule, and referred as stated: from Watertown to Woodbury, in Litchfield County, Connecticut, to By Mr. ALBERT: The petition of Chauncey Brooks and others, of the Committee on the Post-Office and Post-Roads. 764 Baltimore, Maryland, for compensation for 101 pounds of tobacco, By Mr. LAWSON : The memo~ial of manufacturers of calcined stored i'n Farmville, Virginia, and taken by ·the United States Army, plaster iu New York City, Brooklyn, :1ncl Newburgh, in New York; in in April, 1865, t.o the Committee ou War Chims. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and in Portland and Cahis, lVlaine, for By Mr. BUTLER, of Tennessee: The petition of William Bass, for an increase of duty on imported calcined plaster, to the Committee pay as first lieutenant of First Regiment Tennessee Light Artillery, on Ways and Means. . to the Committee on 1\Iilitary Affairs. By Mr. MARTIN: The petition of J. W . Holiday, for arrears of pay, By Mr. CESSNA: The petition of citizens of Bedford County, Penn to the Committee on Military Affairs. sylvania, for the repeal of the second section of the act of June 6, Also, papers relatin~to the claim of John Heberer, enrolling officer, 1872, which reduced the duties on certain commodities 10 per cent., 1'orty-second subdiviswn, twelfth conbrressional district, Illinois, to to the Committee on Ways and Means. the Committee on Military Affairs. By Mr. CHIPMAN: The petition of Valorous G. Austin, of Wash By Mr. MAYNARD: The petition of John James Flournoy, of ington, District of Columbia, for relief, to the Committee on War Georgia, praying a-ction of Congress in behalf of colored citizens who Claims. desire to emigrate to Liberia, to the Committee on Education and By Mr CLAYTON: The remonstrance of C. T. Hopkins, of San Labor. Francisco, California, against the passage of certain bills pending be Also, the petition of James A. Warden, of Tennes e, in relation to fore Congress for the distribution of the Geneva award, to the Com certain taxes alleged to have been illegally collected, to the Commit mittee on the Judiciary. tee on Ways and Means. Also, tho petition of John B. Miller, for a pension; to the Committee By l\Ir. McDILL, of Iowa: The petition of citizens of Pa.ge County, on Invalid Pensions. Iowa, for the establishment of a po t-route from Clarinda, Iowa, to Also, the petition of David Barnes, for relief, to the Committee on Hopkins, Missouri, via Page City, College Springs, and Bradyville, to Private Land Claims. the Committee on the Post-Office and Post-Roac1B. Also, resolutions of the Legislature of California, asking for a suf By ~Ir. McFADDEN: The petition of citizens of Washington Ter ficient appropriation to survey all the unsurveyed lands in California, ritory, forthe pas age of thePortland, Dalles and Salt Lake R::Ulroad to the Committee on the Public Lands. bill, to the Committee on Railways and Canals. Also, resolutions of the Legislature of California, opposing the pas By l\Ir. McJUNKIN: The petition of John R. Shirley, of Freeport, sage of the Santillan land-grant bill now pendi1.1g in Congress, to the Pennsylvania, for relief, to the Committee on Claims. Committee on the Judiciary. By Mr. McKEE: The petition of citizens of Mississippi, for the · Also, resolutions of the Legisla.ture of California, relative to estab est:.oblishment of a post.-route from Ellisville, via Monroe, to Colnm lishing the boundary line between Del Norte County, California, an.U Lia, Mi sissippi, to the Committee on the Post-Office and Post-Roads. Curry County, in Oregon, to the Committee on the Judiciary. By 1\Ir. 1cLEAN: The petition of citizens of Texas, for an appro By ~Ir. CROCKER: The petition of Mru.·y S. Howe, of Leominster, priation of 200,000 for the improvement of Sa.bine Pass, in the State Massachusett for a pension, to the Committee on Invalid Pen::;ions. of Texas, to the Committee on Commerce. By ~Ir. DAVIS, of West Virginia: Th~ petition of J. L. earr aml By Mr.l\IELLISH: The petition of the Method] t Episcopal church, others, druggists of HaiTison County, West Virginin,, for tho repeal oLMount Vernon, N w York, for the appointment of a commi ion of of the stamp tax on medicines, to the Committee on Ways and Means. inquiry concerning the alcoholic· liquor traffic, to the Committee on Also, the petition of Robert Sntor, late pri 'Tate in Company I, First the J ndiciary. Virginia Volunteers, for a pension, to the Committee on Invalid Pen- By Mr. MILLIKEN: The petition of drnggists of Bowlin(J' Green, sions. . Kentucky, for the repeal of the stamp tax on medicines, to the Com Also, the petition of Waldo P.-Go:ff and others, for the passage of a mittee on Ways and Means. bill granting a pension to Coleman Sims, of Clru.·ksburgh, West Vir By Mr. PIERCE: The petition of 373 consumers of steel in the ginia, to the Committee on Invlllid Pensions. United States, for a reduction of the tax on steel of foreign produc By Mr. DEWITT: The memorial of Robert Harrison, in behalf of tion, and for modifications of the pre ent system of taxation, to the himself and other claimants under the ninth. article of the treatv of Committee on Ways and Means. 22d February, 1tH9, relative to ~n alleged delinquency on the part of By Mr. POTTER: The petition of the Society of Friends of t.he the United States in carrying into effect the concluuin~ paragraph of State of New York, for the appointment of a commis ion of inquiry . said ninth article of the treaty of 1819 between the Uruted States and concerning the alcoholic liquor traffic, to the Committee on the Judi Spain, to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. ciary. By Ml·. DUELL: The petition of Emory R. Seward, for compensa By Mr. RAWLS: A paper for the establishment of a post-route from tion for work done in removing obstructions in the Hudson River, Bla-ckshear to Dickson's 1\Iill, in Pierce Cotmty, Georgia, to the Com to the· Committee on Commerce. mittee on the Post-Office and Post-Roads. Also, the petition of Thomas Simms, for compe:r;aation for four By Mr. RAY: The petition of Levy H. Harris, late private Com months' service as second lieutenant in the Seventy-sixth Regiment ]1any C, Third illinois Cavalry, for a pension, to the Committee on New _York Vohmteers, to the Committee on Military Affairs. Invalid Pensions. 1874. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. 1541 By Mr. RUSK: .'l'he petition of Amanda M. Sherwood, for a pension, concerning the alcoholic liquor traffic, its relations to pauperism, crime, to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. the public health, and general welfare;, which was ordered to lie on By Mr. SAWYER: The petition of citizens of Wisconsin, for ap the table. propriations for· the improvement of the Mississippi, Fox, and Wis J\.Ir. SCOTT presented the petition of D. K. Blaine and other citi consin Rivers, to the Committee on Commerce. zens of Beaver County, Pennsylvania, praying for the appointment By Mr. SAYLER, of Ohio: The petition of Cornelia M. Arthur, of of a .commission of. inqu~·y concernin~ the alcoholic liquor traffic, its Cincinnati, for increq,se of pension, to the Committee on Invalid Pen relatiOns to panpensm, crnne, the public health; and general welfare; sions. which was ordered to lie on the table. Also, the petition of bankers, merchants, manufacturers, and other Mr. FRELINGHUYSEN presented the petition of the Yellow Frame citizens of Cincinnati, Ohio, l'epresenting that they view with alarm Presbyterian church of the Newton Presbytery of the State of New the various schemes to increa-se .the irreU.eemable paper currency of Jersey, signed by Rev. R. B. Foresman, pastor, and other officers, tho country, ancl askin~ Con!?ress not to authorize its increase in any praying for the appointment of a commission of inquiry concerning form whatever, to the uomrruttee on Banking and Cuxrency. the alcoholic liquor traffic, its relations to pauperism, cl'imeJ the pub By Mr. SOUTHARD: The petition of William Parks, for a pension, lic health, and general welfare ; which was ordered to lie on the to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. table. By J\.Ir. STONE : The petition of bankers, merchants, and other Mr. CRAGIN. I have received several memorials which Twill pre citizens of Saint Louis, remonstrating a9_ainst the h;sue of any more sent to the Senate in relation to the Nautical .Almanac: one from the legal-tender notes, to the Committee on tsanking and Currency. American Philosophical Society, at Philadelphia; another from the Also, the petition of certain citizens of Saint Louis, for the pay Academy of Natural Sciences, at Philadelphia; another from certain ment of the French spoliation claims, to the Committee on Foreign citizens of Philadelphia; another from the. Franklin Institute; and Affairs. I may be pardoned if I simply read the preamble and resolution of By Mr. STORM: The petition of graduates of the United States the Franklin Institute, as they are very brief: Naval Academy, of June 4, 1869, for restoration to rank as determined Whereas the Franklin Institnte learns with mnch regret of the intention of at the time of their gmdu!.!>tion, to the Committee on Naval Affairs. the Government, at Washington, to curtail the amonnt of a~propriations for the By J\.Ir. WALLS : The memorial of the LegislatuTe of Florida, for United States Nautical Almanac; and whereas, in the opirnon of this Institute the .r autical Almrmac is one of the most practically nsefnl of thoso efforts of an appropriation to improve the Haulovel' between Musquito Lagoon Amorica,n science which stand before the world nnsnrpasscd by any other nation; and Indian River, in Flol'ida, to the Committee oli Commel'ce. and whereas, in the economy of the mana~ement of this great national work, as Also, the memorial of the Legislature of Florida, for an appropri well as in the a-ccuracy of the details which it furnishes, the Nautical Almanac ation to improve the Ocklawaha Ri:ver, to the Committee on Com is an object of pride to onr citizens, a. necessity for onr commerce, and a model tQ other conntries : Therefore, merce. Be it rc.~olvod, That the Franklin Institute res:eectfully petitions Con~s rather Also, the memorial of the Legislature of Florida, requesting appro to increase than to diminish the appropriation for an object so cathohc, so neces priations for certain harbor and river improvements in the State of sary, and so creditable to the conntry. :Florida, to the Committee on Commerce. · Also, the memorial of the Legislature of 'Florida, for the establish .A.s the Committee on Appropriations have reported the naval ment of a mail-route from Pilatka to Haw Creek, },lorida, to the Com appropriation bill,"! move that these memorials lie on the table. mittee on the Post-Office and Post-Roads. The motion was agreed to. By· Mr. WHEELER: A communication from Brigadier-General A. Mr. STEVENSON presented the memorial ol certain loyal citizens of Kentucky a-sking an appropriation to Mrs. Vaughan and Mrs. A.. Humphreys, Chief of Engineers, relative toestima~esforthe improve ment of Ashtabula Harbor, to .the Committee on Commerce. Jackman of $25,000 each for patriotic services rendered the Govern ment during the late rebellion; which was referred the Com .AL~o, papel'S relating to discontinuing the use of the cutter Relief to as a. revenue-cutter, and·using it for a boarding station in Mobile Bay, mittee on Military Affairs. to the Committee on Commerce. Mr. DAVIS presented the petition of Hans W. Phillips,· Clark By ~Ir. WOOD : The petition of.Edmund Woog for a pension, to the Hanes, and John Beam, of Wheeling, West Virginia, praving com pensation for five-eighths of the steamer Planter, alleged to have Committee on Invalid Pensions. been captured by the rebels in the port of Mobile, condemned and sold as a prize; which was referred to the Committee on Claims. Mr. GOLDTHWA.ITE pre ented the petition of the Board of Trade of Mobile, praying for an appropriation to complete the opening of IN SENATE. the bars in Mobile Bay; which was referred to the Committee on Commerce. TUESDAY, February 17, 1874. He also presented a memorial of the Board of Trade of Mobile, pra,y ing for an appropriation to orgt'Lnize the United States mint a.t New Prayer by Rev. E . D. OWEN, of Washington. Orleans; which was referred t.o the Committee on Finance. On motion of Mr. FENTON, and by unanimous consent, the reading He also presented the petition of Geor_g_e W. Stuart1 praying com of the Journal of yestel'day's proceedings was dispensed with. pensation for services rendered to R. H . li:ousseau while minister to COAST SURVEY REPORT. Hondura-s; which was referred to the Committee on Claims. ~Ir . CONKLING. I present the petition of John B. Perry, praying The PRESIDENT p1·o tempore lai
Congressional Record
