FAIR Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research

Marielle Chartier University of Liverpool

UK Nuclear Physics Community Meeting, Cosener’s House, 25-26 May 2005 The Future International Facility at GSI: FAIR Beams of Ions and Antiprotons

Existing SIS 100/300 To be built

UNILAC SIS 18

FRS

ESR

Super FRS HESR

100 m NESR The Future FAIR Facility @ GSI

Primary Beams Secondary Beams

•1012/s 238U28+ @ 1.5-2 AGeV; • Broad range of factor 100 -1000 over present in radioactive beams up to intensity 1.5 - 2 AGeV; • 2(4)x1013/s 30 GeV protons •1010/s 238U73+ up to 25 (-35) AGeV up to factor 10 000 in intensity over present • Antiprotons 3 - 30 GeV

Storage and Cooler Rings

• Radioactive beams •e –A collider •1011 antiprotons Key Technical Features stored and cooled at 0.8 - 14.5 GeV • Cooled beams • Rapidly cycling superconducting magnets Summary of Research Areas at the FAIR Facility

Structure and Dynamics of Nuclei - Radioactive Beams Nucleonic matter Nuclear astrophysics Fundamental symmetries Hadron Structure and Quark-Gluon Dynamics - Antiprotons Non-pertubative QCD Quark-gluon degrees of freedom Confinement and chiral symmetry

Nuclear Matter and the Quark-Gluon Plasma - Relativistic HI - Beams Nuclear phase diagram Compressed nuclear/strange matter Deconfinement and chiral symmetry

Physics of Dense Plasmas and Bulk Matter - Bunch Compression Magnetic Fusion Inertial Cofinement Fusion

Sun Core Properties of high density plasmas PHELIX

Temperature [eV] Laser Heating as m ed las pl p u al co e y s Id gl a n sm Phase transitions and equation of state tro la Ion Beam S p Heating Jupiter SIS 18 solid state Laser - ion interaction with and in plasmas Sun Surface density Density [cm-3] Ultra High EM-Fields and Applications – Bare Ions & Petawatt Laser QED and critical fields Ion - laser interaction Ion - matter interaction 1. Radioactive Beams (NUSTAR) In-Flight High-energy RIB Facilities in Europe Present and Future

GSI Darmstadt FAIR Darmstadt GANIL

RIKEN Japan Super-RIKEN Japan MSU USA Lanzhou China RIA USA Exotic nuclei studied with radioactive beams Key physics issues Key physics issues High-energyHigh-energy beams beams ~ 400-740 AMeV • Matter distributions (halo, skin…) • Matter distributions (halo, skin…) Light-ionLight-ion scattering scattering •• Single-particle Single-particle structure structure evolution evolution KnockoutKnockout and and breakup breakup reactions reactions (magic numbers, shell gaps, (magic numbers, shell gaps, Electromagnetic excitation spectroscopicspectroscopic factors) factors) Electromagnetic excitation Charged-particleCharged-particle spectroscopy spectroscopy •• NN NN correlations, correlations, clusters clusters InternalInternal and and external external targets targets • New collective modes (different • New collective modes (different Low/intermediate-energy beams deformationsdeformations for for p p and and n, n, giant giant Low/intermediate-energy beams resonances strengths) ~ 3-100 AMeV resonances strengths) CoulombCoulomb excitation excitation •• Astrophysical Astrophysical r rand and rp rp processes processes DirectDirect and and compound compound reactions reactions Fragmentation •• In-medium In-medium interactions interactions in in asymmetric asymmetric Fragmentation and low-density matter and low-density matter In-flightIn-flight γ γ-ray-ray spectroscopy spectroscopy •• Fundamental Fundamental interactions interactions and and Stopped/trappedStopped/trapped beams beams symmetriessymmetries ImplantationImplantation and and decays decays ( (α,α, β, β, γ γ, ,p, p, n) n) •• Equation Equation of of state state of of nuclear nuclear matter matter LaserLaser spectroscopy spectroscopy SIS

The Radioactive Beam Production Facility @ FAIR Target Pre-Separator

High-intensity beams from SIS100/300 Super-FRS - all elements, H to U Main-Separator - intensity > 1012 ions/sec - high energies, 1.5 AGeV - pulsed and CW beams Energy 2m Buncher

aaAGATA a Superconducting FRagment Separator a CR Low-Energy Cave Three experimental areas: High-Energy - High-energy reaction setup Cave - Multi-storage rings (CR, RESR, NESR, e-A collider) NESR - Energy-bunched slowed/stopped beams eA-Collider Exotic Doubly Magic Nuclei

100 Secondary beam Sn 132 Discovered at GSI Sn 7 atoms in 280 h intensities 8 SIS 200: 2/s SIS 200: 10 /s

48 Ni Discovered at GANIL SIS 200: 65/h 78 Ni Discovered at GSI 82 56 3 atoms in 130 h Ni SIS 200: 8/s 9 SIS 200: 10 /s

28 82 20

50 28 20 N 8 Technical Proposals (I) Nuclear Structure, Astrophysics and Reactions (NUSTAR) ~600 users

Super-FRS High Energy Branch Reactions with Relativistic Radioactive Beams (R3B) T. Aumann, B. Jonson

Super-FRS Ring Branch Isomeric beams, Lifetimes and Masses (ILIMA) Y. Novikov, Y. Litvinov

Exotic nuclei studied in Light-ion induced reactions (EXL) M. Chartier, J. Jourdan

Electron-Ion Scattering in a storage ring (e-A Collider) (ELISe) H. Simon, L. Chulkov

Antiproton-Ion Collider (AIC) R. Krucken, J. Zmeskal

Super-FRS Low Energy Branch Low-energy branch of the Super-FRS C. Scheidenberger, B. Rubio

Decay Spectroscopy with implanted ion beams (DESPEC) B. Rubio, P. Woods High-resolution In-flight Spectroscopy (HISPEC) Z. Podolyak, W. Korten, J. Jolie

LASER Spectroscopy of short-lived nuclei (LASPEC) P. Campbell, W. Nörtershäuser

Precision Measurements of very short-lived nuclei using an Advanced Trapping System for highly-charged Ions (MATS) K. Blaum, F. Herfurth, J. Crespo

Neutron Capture measurements (NCAP) M.Heil

Antiprotonic radioactive nuclides (Exo+pbar) M. Wada The high-energy branch of the Super-FRS: A universal setup for kinematical complete measurements of Reactions with Relativistic Radioactive Beams The setup

The R3B experiment: • identification and beam "cooling" (tracking and momentum measurement, Δp/p ~10-4) • exclusive measurement of the final state: - identification and momentum analysis of fragments (large acceptance mode: Δp/p~10-3, high-resolution mode: Δp/p~10-4) - coincident measurement of neutrons, protons, gamma-rays, light recoil particles • applicable to a wide class of reactions Exotic nucleinuclei TOF Detector from Storage Rings Super-FRS Experiments B MCPs E

secondary anode electrons Mass and lifetime CR measurements (ILIMA) stochastic ion cooling Reactions with C + CsI foil internal targets (EXL) elastic p, α scattering Gas Target and Electron Detector cooler (p,p’) (α,α’) Degrader for fastfast Tagging slowing downdown charge exchange of reaction products transfer NESR

Schottky Electron scattering pickup (ELISe) Si strip array p Scintillator Electron elastic scattering spectrometer Gas jet Beam eA- inelastic scattering collider

e- Antiproton-ion collider Heavy ions Reaction zone (AIC) e- Experiments at the low-energy branch

Decay spectroscopy (DESPEC) In-flight γ spectroscopy (HISPEC) Laser spectroscopy (LASPEC) Ion traps (MATS) Neutron capture (NCAP) Antiprotonic nuclei (Exo+pbar)

Energy-bunched slowed-down and stopped beams The UK in NUSTAR

R3B 48 institutes, including: Birmingham, Daresbury, Liverpool, Manchester, Paisley, Surrey, York UK Responsibilities: Chair of Technical Board (R. Lemmon)

ILIMA 18 institutes, including: Manchester, Surrey

EXL 27 institutes, including: Birmingham, Daresbury, Liverpool, Surrey, York UK Responsibilities: Spokesperson (M. Chartier)

ELISe 25 institutes, including: Daresbury, Liverpool, Manchester, Surrey, York

HISPEC/ 50 institutes, including: DESPEC Daresbury, Edinburgh, Liverpool, Manchester, Paisley, Surrey, York UK Responsibilities: Spokesperson (Z. Podolyak), Deputy (P. Woods)

LASPEC 12 institutes, including: Manchester UK Responsibilities: Spokesperson (P. Campbell)

UK Responsibilities in NUSTAR: Chair of the Collaboration Board (W. Gelletly), Coordinator of Simulations WG (M. Labiche), Coordinator of DAQ WG (I. Lazarus) 2. High-energy Antiprotons (PANDA) QCD Physics @ FAIR

• Compressed baryonic matter (CBM) • High energy antiprotons (PANDA) • Polarized antiprotons (PAX) • Stopped antiprotons (FLAIR)

Hadron Structure with

Gluonic excitations Charmonium: Quark confining potential Strange and charm quarks Search for exotic hadrons: Glueballs High precision spectroscopy Hybrids Charm production in pbar-A: Fixed-target experiment Charmonium The High-Energy Storage Ring @ FAIR

Technical Proposals (II)

Compressed Baryonic Matter (CBM) > 300 users P. Senger

Antiproton Annihilations at Darmstadt (PANDA) ~ 350 users U. Wiedner, P. Gianotti

Polarised Antiproton Experiments (PAX) P. Lenisa, F. Rathmann, M. Contalbrigo

Facility for Low-energy Antiproton and heavy-Ion Research (FLAIR) E. Widmann, W. Quint, J. Walz

The UK in PANDA

PANDA 47 institutes, including: Edinburgh, Glasgow UK Responsibilities: target and forward spectrometers (G. Rosner, J. Kellie), particle ID (R. Kaiser, G. Rosner), GRID computing (D. Ireland, D. Protopopescu) Top view

Target (superconducting solenoid) and forward (dipole) spectrometers.

Particle ID (Ring Imaging Cherenkov detectors, RICH) 3. Staging plan and Organization Civil Construction Stage 1 • Ring tunnel for double ring synchrotron incl. technical buildings • Buildings housing the SFRS, the CR and NESR plus nuclear structure and atomic physics experiments • Office building Accelerator •2 x 1011/pulse U28+ at 200 AMeV •4 x 1010/pulse U73+ at 1000 AMeV • 4 Hz up to 12 Tm; 1 Hz up to 18 Tm • Bunch compression to 70 ns Research • Nuclear structure and nuclear astrophysics (gain factor in intensities for radioactive secondary beams: ~100) • Plasma physics at 'old' facility (gain factor in power density: ~200) • Atomic physics studies with highly charged/radioactive ion beams) Stage 2 Civil Construction (completed) • p linac building • HESR building • Buildings housing nuclear collision, plasma physics and atomic physics experiments Accelerator • 1 x 1012/puls U28+ at 2.7 AGeV •1 x 1011/puls U73+ at 8.3 AGeV (Ne10+ up to 14 AGeV) • Bunch compression to 50 ns •2.5x 1013/puls protons up to 29 GeV • up to 1011 antiprotons accumulated, stored HESR and cooled in the HESR up to 15 GeV • low (down to zero) energy antiprotons at NESR and HITRAP Research • Nuclear structure and nuclear astrophysics (full gain factor in intensities for radioactive secondary beams: ~1000-10000) • QCD studies with protons and antiprotons • precision studies with antiproton beams addressing fundamental symmetries and interactions Stage 3 Accelerator •2 x 109/puls U92+ up to 34 AGeV • Stretcher option with long extraction times from seconds up to minutes • High energy e-cooling for HESR Research • Full energy and luminosity for nuclear collisions program at CBM • Precision QCD Studies at PANDA up to 15 GeV • Plasma research (full gain factor in power density: ~2500) • Atomic reaction studies with fast beams

• Full parallel operation of up to four experiments The International Steering Committee for FAIR

ISC Internat. Steering Committee H.Schunck

AFI Working Group STI Working Group Administrative and Funding Scientific + Technical Issues Issues H. Wenniger H.F.Wagner

PAC QCD E.Chiavassa Legal Working Group Dr. Jahn PAC NUSTAR R.Casten FAIR Project

PAC APPA D.Schwalm

TAC Yanglai Cho

CORE group

Zur Anzeige wird der QuickTime™ Dekompressor „TIFF (Unkomprimiert)“ Observers: benötigt. FAIR’s International Working Groups

Signing of MoU

MoU Phase I – Governed by MoU Phase II Contract(s) Development Governed Contract(s) Negotiations by Contracts Closing

2004 2005 2006

LoI's Proposals / TR's TDR's

PAC's Technical Committee WhatWhat hashas been/isbeen/is happening:happening: In the last year… 9 April 2004 – Letters of Intent submitted to FAIR management 9 June 2004 – PACs evaluations 9 November 2004 – TAC evaluations of Technical Reports (Super-FRS, etc.) 9 January 2005 – Technical Proposals submitted to FAIR management 9 March 2005 – PACs and TAC evaluations

In the UK… 9 January 2005 – Case for the UK to join FAIR submitted to EPSRC by Heads of Groups

The next steps… ¾ May-July 2005 – STI meetings (baseline scenario) ¾ Summer 2005 – CORE evaluations (cost review) ¾ Soon – Apply for EPSRC grants? (concerted action?) ¾ Mid-end 2006 – Submit Technical Design Reports To be continued…