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1 Introduction and Background Notes 1 Introduction and Background 1. World Bank, World Development Indicators, Zambia: GDP per capita (in constant 2005 USD). Available at: http://databank.worldbank.org/ (accessed 11 December 2013). 2. Copper wealth in Zambia, The Guardian, 6 March 1965, p. 1. 3. IMF, International financial statistics yearbook, 1994. Washington DC: IMF, pp. 778– 781. 4. Gulhati, R. (1989). Impasse in Zambia: The economics and politics of reform, EDI development policy case series analytical case studies, No. 2. Washington DC: World Bank, p. 3. Wulf, J. (1988). ‘Zambia under the IMF Regime’. African Affairs, 87(349), 579– 594, 581. 5. United Nations Development Programme, The 2013 Human Development Report – The Rise of the South: Human Progress in a Diverse World. Human Development Report Office, 2013. Washington DC: United Nations, pp. 144– 147. 6. Hall, R. (1969). The high price of principles: Kaunda and the white south. Boulder: Holmes and Meier. Fraser, A. (2010). ‘Boom and bust on the Zambian cop- perbelt’. In Fraser A., Larmer, M. (eds) Zambia, mining, and neoliberalism. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 6– 10. 7. Bloom, D. E., Sachs, J. D., Collier, P. and Udry, C. (1998). Geography, demography, and economic growth in Africa, Brookings papers on economic activity, 2, 207– 295. Ndulu, B. J. ed. (2008). The political economy of economic growth in Africa, 1960– 2000, Vol. 2. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 8. Examples include, Nunn, N. (2007). ‘Historical legacies: A model link- ing Africa’s past to its current underdevelopment’. Journal of Development Economics, 83(1), 157– 175. Austin, G. (2008). ‘The “reversal of fortune” thesis and the compression of history: Perspectives from African and comparative economic history’. Journal of International Development, 20(8), 996– 1027. 9. Austin, G. (2008). ‘The “reversal of fortune” thesis and the compression of history: Perspectives from African and comparative economic history’. Journal of International Development, 20(8), 996– 1027, p. 997. 10. Acemoglu, D., Johnson, S. and Robinson, J. A. (2002). ‘Reversal of fortune: Geography and institutions in the making of the modern world income distribution’. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 117(4), 1231– 1294. North, D. C. (1991). ‘Institutions’. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 5(1), 97– 112. 11. du Plessis, S., du Plessis, S. (2006). ‘Explanations for Zambia’s economic decline’. Development Southern Africa, 23(3), 351– 369. du Plessis, S. (2007). ‘Property rights as an institution in Zambia’. South African Journal of Economic History, 22( 1– 2), 1– 21. 12. Tordoff, W. ed. (1980). Administration in Zambia. Manchester: Manchester University Press, p. 43. 193 194 Notes 13. Hall, R. (1969). The high price of principles: Kaunda and the white South. Boulder: Holmes and Meier, p. 6. 14. Wulf, J. (1988). ‘Zambia under the IMF Regime’. African Affairs, 87(349), 579– 594, p. 581. 15. National Accounts, Copper Industry Services Bureau, Kitwe, quote in: Elliott, C. ed. (1971). Constraints on the economic development of Zambia. Nairobi: Oxford University Press, p. 3. 16. Hart Group (2013). Reconciliation report, Zambia extractive industry transpar- ency initiative. Thyne: Hart Group. 17. Hansungule, M., Feeney, P. and Palmer, R. H. (1998). Report on land tenure insecurity on the Zambian Copperbelt. Lusaka: Oxfam, p. 16. 18. Gluckman, M. (1967). The judicial process among the Barotse of Northern Rhodesia (Zambia). Manchester: Manchester University Press, p. 2. 19. Welensky, R. (1964). Welensky’s 4000 days: The life and death of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland. London: Collins, p. 21. 20. Phiri, B. J. (2006). A political history of Zambia: From colonial period to the 3rd Republic. Eritrea: Africa World Press, pp. 31– 92. 21. Ibid., p. 233. 22. Great Britain (1964). Zambia Independence Act 1964. Chapter 65. Available at: http://legislation.data.gov.uk/ukpga/1964/65/data.htm (accessed 27 January 2014). 23. Mbao, M. (2007). ‘The politics of constitution- making in Zambia: Where does the constituent power lie?’ Draft paper presented at African network of constitutional law conference on fostering constitutionalism in Africa, April 2007, Nairobi, p. 5. 24. GRZ, The Constitution of the Republic of Zambia, 1964, Parliamentary Library, Lusaka. 25. Madison, J. (1788). ‘The Federalist No. 51: The structure of the government must furnish the proper checks and balances between the different depart- ments’. Independent Journal, 6. 26. Presidential Republic in N. Rhodesia: Independence for ‘Zambia’ in October, The Guardian, 20 May 1964, p. 1. 27. Ibid., p. 1. 28. Seers, D. (1964). Economic Survey Mission on the Economic Development of Zambia, Report of the UN/ECA/FAO. Ndola: Falcon Press. 29. BSAC to sell, Financial Times, 23 August 1963, p. 1. 30. Faber, M. L. O., Potter, J. G. (1971). Towards economic independence: Papers on the nationalization of the copper industry in Zambia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, p. 43. 31. Ibid., p. 48. 32. For an excellent and up- close account of the final hours, see Galbraith, J. S. (1974). Crown and charter: The early years of the British South Africa Company. Berkeley: University of California Press. 33. ‘Chartered’ firm on its rights, The Guardian, 16 September 1964, 12. Challenge on validity of £7m treaties, The Guardian, 21 September 1964, p. 5. 34. Martin, A. (1972). Minding their own business: Zambia’s struggle against Western control. Harmondsworth: Penguin, p. 133. 35. ‘Chartered’ to pay less next year, The Guardian, 6 November 1964, p. 16. Merger of British South Africa Co. Being Considered, The Wall Street Journal, 23 November 1964, p. 4. Notes 195 36. Faber, M. L. O., Potter, J. G. (1971). Towards economic independence: Papers on the nationalization of the copper industry in Zambia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 37. Future of copper in Zambia, The Guardian, 12 December 1964, p. 11. 38. Martin, A. (1972). Minding their own business: Zambia’s struggle against Western control. Harmondsworth: Penguin, p. 59. 39. No decision on copper royalties, The Guardian, 2 April 1965, p. 7. 40. Strain in copper dispute, The Guardian, 3 May 1965, p. 9. 41. Copper royalties unchanged, The Guardian, 8 May 1965, p. 9. Zambian royal- ties, The Guardian, 24 May 1965, p. 13. 42. Seers, D. (1964). Economic survey mission on the economic development of Zambia, report of the UN/ECA/FAO. Ndola: Falcon Press. 43. Ibid., p. 121. 44. GRZ, Office of National Development and Planning, Transitional National Development Plan 1965– 1966, 1965, Parliamentary Library, Lusaka. GRZ, Office of National Development and Planning, First National Development Plan 1966– 1970, 1966, Parliamentary Library, Lusaka. 45. GRZ, Office of National Development and Planning, First National Development Plan 1966– 1970, 1966, Parliamentary Library, Lusaka, p. 5. 46. Ibid., p. 6. 47. Ibid., p. 11. 48. Kaunda, K. D. (1967). Humanism in Zambia and a guide to its implementa- tion, Part I. Lusaka: Zambia information services. Minutes of UNIP National Council, resolution to adopt Zambian policy of humanism, 26 April 1966, UNIP 1/1/6/48, UNIP Archive, Lusaka, Appendix C. 49. Shaw, T. M. (1976). ‘The foreign policy of Zambia: ideology and interests’. Journal of Modern African Studies, 14(1), 79– 106, p. 81. Hallen, B. (2009). A short history of African philosophy. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, pp. 72– 89. 50. Kaunda, K. D. (1967). Humanism in Zambia and a guide to its implementation, Part I. Lusaka: Zambia information services. 51. Minutes of UNIP National Council, resolution to adopt Zambian policy of humanism, 26 April 1966, UNIP 1/1/6/48, UNIP Archive, Lusaka, Appendix C. 52. Kaunda K. D. (1966). A humanist in Africa: letters to Colin M. Morris from Kenneth D. Kaunda. London: Longmans. 53. Ibid., p. 78. 54. Kaunda, K. D. (1967). Humanism in Zambia and a guide to its implementation, Part I. Lusaka: Zambia information services, p. 10. 55. Ibid., p. 14. 56. Larmer, M. ed. (2010). The Musakanya papers: The autobiography writings of valentine Musakanya. Lusaka: Lembani Trust, pp. 49– 50. 2 What the Literature Already Tells Us 1. Chisala, B. S. (1994). The Downfall of President Kaunda. Lusaka: Co- op Printing, p. 97. 2. Macpherson, F. (1974). Kenneth Kaunda of Zambia: The times and the man. Lusaka: Oxford University Press, p. 72. 196 Notes 3. Kaunda K. D. (1966). A humanist in Africa: Letters to Colin M. Morris from Kenneth D. Kaunda. London: Longmans, p. 72. 4. National Accounts, Copper Industry Services Bureau, Kitwe, quoted in Elliott, C. ed. (1971). Constraints on the economic development of Zambia. Nairobi: Oxford University Press, p. 3. 5. As will be seen in Chapter Three, the GRZ conservatively valued the book value of the two companies’ assets at USD 297 million in 1969; this accounted for 80 per cent of the Zambia’s Gross Capital Formation, accord- ing to the World Bank. World Bank, World Development Indicators, Zambia: Gross Capital Formation (Current US$). Available at: http://databank.world bank.org/ [accessed 11 December 2013]. Faber, M. L. O. (1971). Corporate Policy on the Copperbelt. In: Faber, M. L. O. and Potter, J. G. (1971). Towards economic independence: Papers on the nationalization of the copper industry in Zambia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, p. 1. 6. Ibid, p. 9. 7. Martin, A. (1972). Minding their own business: Zambia’s struggle against Western control. Harmondsworth: Penguin, p. 59. 8. Seidman, A. (1974). ‘The distorted growth of import- substitution industry: The Zambian case’. The Journal of Modern African Studies, 12 (04), 601– 631, 601. Elliott, C. ed. (1971). Constraints on the economic development of Zambia, Nairobi, Oxford University Press, p. 3. Faber, M. L. O., Potter, J. G. (1971). Towards economic independence: Papers on the nationalization of the copper industry in Zambia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 1– 13. 9. Jerven, M. (2008). African economic growth reconsidered: Measurement and performance in East- Central Africa, 1965– 1995, unpublished PhD. disserta- tion, London School of Economics.
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