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EAFONSI Template United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service Greater Collier Watershed Forest Health and Restoration Project Environmental Assessment Bankhead Ranger District, Bankhead National Forest, Lawrence and Winston Counties, Alabama April 8, 2014 About the Cover Photo: The cover photo shows shortleaf pine that was planted off the Holmes Chapel Road in Compartment 21 in 2005. Photo credit: US Forest Service U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion, sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or part of an individual’s income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication for program information (e.g. Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) please contact USDA’s TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write to USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, SW., Washington, DC 20250-9410, or call (800) 795-3272 (voice) or (202) 720-6382 (TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer.1 Bankhead Ranger District, Bankhead National Forest Contents Contents ........................................................................................................................................... 1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 2 Proposed Project Location .......................................................................................................... 2 Need for the Proposal ...................................................................................................................... 4 Summary of Proposed Actions ........................................................................................................ 9 Public Involvement and Tribal Consultation ................................................................................. 10 Issues ............................................................................................................................................. 10 Proposed Action and Alternatives ................................................................................................. 10 No Action-Alternative 1 ............................................................................................................ 10 Proposed Action-Alternative 2 .................................................................................................. 11 Monitoring ..................................................................................................................................... 21 Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Action and Alternatives................................................. 22 Vegetation Effects ..................................................................................................................... 23 Soil Resources ........................................................................................................................... 44 Water Resources ....................................................................................................................... 54 Climate Change Analysis .......................................................................................................... 72 Biological Environment ............................................................................................................ 76 Heritage Resources ................................................................................................................. 117 Preparers and Contributors .......................................................................................................... 119 References ................................................................................................................................... 121 1 Greater Collier Forest Health and Restoration Project Introduction We are proposing silvicultural and wildlife enhancement treatments consisting of pre-commercial thinning, commercial thinning, shortleaf pine restoration, midstory removal, and wildlife opening expansion on approximately 5,000 acres. These actions are proposed to be implemented on the Bankhead Ranger District of the Bankhead National Forest. We prepared this environmental assessment (EA) to determine whether implementation of the Greater Collier Forest Health and Restoration Project may significantly affect the quality of the human environment and thereby require the preparation of an environmental impact statement. By preparing this EA, we are fulfilling agency policy and direction to comply with the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA). Pursuant to 36 CFR 218.7(a)(2), this proposed project implements the Revised Land and Resource Management Plan RLRMP, is not authorized under the Healthy Forest Restoration Act (HFRA), and is subject to §218 subparts A and B. For more details of the proposed action, see the Proposed Action and Alternatives section of this document. Proposed Project Location The project area is located within Compartments 19, 20, 21, 22, 31, 32, 33, 34, 46, 48, 49, 50, 51, 122, 123, 124, and 126 of the Bankhead National Forest in Lawrence and Winston Counties, Alabama. The project area is located northeast of the town of Double Springs, and south of Brushy Lake. The Greater Collier analysis area is comprised of approximately 32,500 acres. Proposed actions are located primarily in Area 2 the shortleaf pine emphasis area, as identified in the Forest Health and Restoration Project FHRP. The analysis area includes portions of the Black Warrior Wildlife Management Area, the Brushy Lake Recreation Area, Payne Creek Outdoor Classroom Area, Walston Ridge Nature Watch and North Alabama Birding Trail Site, and the communities of Moreland and Grayson, Alabama. A vicinity map is included below. 2 Bankhead Ranger District, Bankhead National Forest Figure 1. Vicinity map 3 Greater Collier Forest Health and Restoration Project Need for the Proposal This project will carry out the goals and objectives as defined in The National Forests in Alabama Revised Land and Resource Management Plan (RLRMP) The RLRMP provides general management direction in stated goals and the allocation of prescriptions to specific areas. Forest Plan goals relevant to this Proposed Action are: Goal 1: Manage forest and woodland ecosystems in order to restore and/or maintain native communities to provide the desired composition, structure and function. Goal 3: Manage existing forest communities to reduce risks from insects and disease. Goal 4: Watersheds are managed and/or restored to provide resilient and stable conditions to support the quality and quantity of water necessary to protect ecological functions and support intended beneficial water uses. Goal 13: Protect or restore the composition, structure, and function of rare communities found on National Forest land. Goal 16: Provide habitats to support desirable levels of selected species (e.g., species with special habitat needs such as large, contiguous forested landscapes; species commonly trapped/hunted; or species of special interest). Beginning in the 1930s, the Civilian Conservation Corp provided the labor needed to reestablish forests on what is now the Bankhead National Forest. The primary species used to reestablish forests on the abandoned cutovers and farmland was loblolly pine. Beginning in the 1960s, the Forest Service initiated new efforts to improve forest economic yields by replacing some upland hardwood forests with faster growing loblolly pine. The abundance of overstocked loblolly pine created unhealthy stand conditions that led to the Southern Pine Beetle (SPB) epidemic in the early 2000’s. In 2003, after experiencing the SPB epidemic, the Bankhead initiated the Forest Health and Restoration Project FHRP. At that time, it was determined that approximately 79,000 acres were typed as loblolly pine on the Bankhead National Forest. Although loblolly pine is a native tree species to the Bankhead National Forest, the dominance of pure stands of loblolly pine is not typical of native landscapes occurring in the uplands of the Cumberland Plateau. The purpose of the FHRP was to improve forest health, restore native upland forests and woodlands, and to provide forest communities that are uncommon on other lands in the Cumberland Plateau. The FHRP also defined six native upland forest community types that would set the stage for attaining the long term Desired Future Conditions (DFC) for the Bankhead National Forest. The six native upland forest community types are (see appendix for a complete description of the forest community types): 4 Bankhead Ranger District, Bankhead National Forest 1) Mixed Mesophytic Forest 2) Dry-Mesic (somewhat moist sites) Oak Forest 3) Dry to Dry-Mesic Oak-Pine Forest 4) Dry and Xeric (very dry sites) Oak Forest and Woodland 5) Xeric Pine (Shortleaf) and Pine-Oak Forest and Woodland 6) Upland Longleaf Pine/Bluestem Woodland This project will emphasize returning proposed areas to native upland forest community types as defined in the FHRP, specifically the restoration of shortleaf pine and oak-pine woodland. The USDA Forest Service Inventory and Analysis program (FIA) shows that shortleaf
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