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Warrior River Project FERC No. 2165 Applicant Prepared

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Warrior River Project FERC No. 2165 Applicant Prepared ALABAMA POWER COMPANY BIRMINGHAM, AL WARRIOR RIVER PROJECT LEWIS SMITH AND BANKHEAD DEVELOPMENTS FERC PROJECT NO. 2165 APPLICANT PREPARED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT JULY 2005 Prepared by: ALABAMA POWER COMPANY BIRMINGHAM, AL WARRIOR RIVER PROJECT LEWIS SMITH AND BANKHEAD DEVELOPMENTS FERC PROJECT NO. 2165 APPLICANT PREPARED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT JULY 2005 Prepared by: APPLICANT-PREPARED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT WARRIOR RIVER PROJECT LEWIS SMITH AND BANKHEAD DEVELOPMENTS FERC PROJECT NO. 2165 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .......................................................................................................ES-1 1.0 APPLICATION ............................................................................................................... 1-1 2.0 PURPOSE AND NEED FOR ACTION.......................................................................... 2-1 2.1 Need for Power .................................................................................................... 2-2 2.2 Scope of the Environmental Assessment............................................................. 2-3 2.2.1 Geographic Scope .................................................................................... 2-3 2.2.2 Temporal Scope ....................................................................................... 2-3 3.0 PROPOSED ACTION AND ALTERNATIVES ............................................................ 3-1 3.1 Project Description............................................................................................... 3-1 3.1.1 Smith Development ................................................................................. 3-1 3.1.2 Bankhead Development........................................................................... 3-6 3.2 Description of Current Project Operations .......................................................... 3-8 3.2.1 Smith Development ................................................................................. 3-8 3.2.1.1 Typical Operations................................................................. 3-8 3.2.1.2 Flood Control Operations .................................................... 3-11 3.2.1.3 Low Water Operations......................................................... 3-13 3.2.1.4 Description of Non-Power Operations................................. 3-14 3.2.2 Bankhead Development......................................................................... 3-15 3.2.2.1 Typical Power Operations.................................................... 3-15 3.2.2.2 Flood Control Operations .................................................... 3-16 3.2.2.3 Low Water Operations......................................................... 3-16 3.2.2.4 Description of Non-Power Operations................................. 3-16 3.3 Proposed Action................................................................................................. 3-17 3.3.1 USFS and APC Settlement .................................................................... 3-17 3.3.2 APC Enhancement Proposal.................................................................. 3-19 3.3.3 Smith Development ............................................................................... 3-19 3.3.4 Bankhead Development......................................................................... 3-21 3.4 Alternatives to the Proposed Action .................................................................. 3-22 3.4.1 Alabama Rivers Alliance, American Rivers and World Wildlife Fund 3-22 3.5 No-Action Alternative ....................................................................................... 3-23 3.5.1 Smith and Bankhead Developments ...................................................... 3-23 3.6 Alternatives Considered but Eliminated from Detailed Study .......................... 3-24 3.6.1 Termination of License and Project Decommissioning......................... 3-24 3.6.2 Federal Takeover ................................................................................... 3-24 3.6.3 Non-Power License................................................................................ 3-25 3.6.4 Alternative to Maximize Energy Production ......................................... 3-25 3.6.5 Alternative to Maximize Environmental Resources.............................. 3-25 3.7 Alternatives Summary Table ............................................................................. 3-25 3.8 Economic Comparison of Alternatives.............................................................. 3-32 i Table of Contents (Con’t) 4.0 CONSULTATION AND COMPLIANCE...................................................................... 4-1 4.1 Relicensing Team Consultation ........................................................................... 4-1 4.2 NEPA Scoping..................................................................................................... 4-2 4.3 Agency Consultation............................................................................................ 4-3 4.4 Mandatory Requirements, Prescriptions and Conditions..................................... 4-4 4.4.1 Section 18 – Fish Passage........................................................................ 4-4 4.4.2 Section 401 Water Quality Certification.................................................. 4-4 4.4.3 Coastal Zone Management Act................................................................ 4-7 4.4.4 Endangered Species Act .......................................................................... 4-7 4.4.5 Section 106 Consultation ......................................................................... 4-8 4.4.6 FPA Section 4(e) Conditions ................................................................... 4-8 5.0 EXISTING RESOURCES AND ASSESSMENT OF EFFECTS................................... 5-1 5.1 General Description of the Warrior River Basin ................................................. 5-1 5.2 Analysis of Site Specific Resources .................................................................... 5-2 5.2.1 Geological and Soil Resources ................................................................ 5-2 5.2.1.1 Affected Environment............................................................ 5-2 5.2.1.1.1 Smith Development ................................................... 5-2 5.2.1.1.2 Bankhead Development............................................. 5-4 5.2.1.2 Analysis of Environmental Effects and Alternatives............. 5-5 5.2.1.2.1 APC Enhancement Proposal...................................... 5-6 5.2.1.2.2 ARA/AR/WWF Alternative....................................... 5-8 5.2.1.2.3 No Action Alternative................................................ 5-8 5.2.1.2.4 Unavoidable Adverse Effects .................................... 5-8 5.2.2 Water Resources ...................................................................................... 5-9 5.2.2.1 Affected Environment............................................................ 5-9 5.2.2.1.1 Smith Development ................................................. 5-13 5.2.2.1.2 Bankhead Development........................................... 5-20 5.2.2.2 Analysis of Environmental Effects and Alternatives........... 5-26 5.2.2.2.1 APC Enhancement Proposal.................................... 5-27 5.2.2.2.2 ARA/AR/WWF Alternative..................................... 5-30 5.2.2.2.3 No Action Alternative.............................................. 5-33 5.2.2.2.4 Unavoidable Adverse Effects .................................. 5-33 5.2.3 USACE Issues - Flood Control.............................................................. 5-33 5.2.4 Aquatic and Fisheries Resources ........................................................... 5-34 5.2.4.1 Affected Environment.......................................................... 5-34 5.2.4.1.1 Smith Development ................................................. 5-34 5.2.4.1.2 Bankhead Development........................................... 5-36 5.2.4.1.3 Migratory Fish Species ............................................ 5-37 5.2.4.2 Analysis of Environmental Effects and Alternatives........... 5-38 5.2.4.2.1 APC Enhancement Proposal.................................... 5-42 5.2.4.2.2 ARA/AR/WWF Alternative..................................... 5-47 5.2.4.2.3 No Action Alternative.............................................. 5-49 5.2.4.2.4 Unavoidable Adverse Effects .................................. 5-50 5.2.5 Terrestrial Resources ............................................................................. 5-50 5.2.5.1 Affected Environment.......................................................... 5-50 5.2.5.1.1 Smith Development ................................................. 5-50 5.2.5.1.2 Bankhead Development........................................... 5-54 5.2.5.2 Analysis of Environmental Effects and Alternatives........... 5-56 ii Table of Contents (Con’t) 5.2.5.2.1 APC Enhancement Proposal.................................... 5-59 5.2.5.2.2 ARA/AR/WWF Alternative..................................... 5-61 5.2.5.2.3 No Action Alternative.............................................. 5-61 5.2.5.2.4 Unavoidable Adverse Effects .................................. 5-61 5.2.6 Threatened and Endangered Species ..................................................... 5-62 5.2.6.1 Affected Environment.......................................................... 5-62 5.2.6.2 Analysis of Environmental Effects and Alternatives........... 5-64 5.2.6.2.1 APC/Agency
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