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The Book of Exodus

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The Book of Exodus THE BOOK OF EXODUS “GOD DELIVERS HIS PEOPLE” I. God Raises Up Moses (Chapters 1-3) A. The Israelites are enslaved in Egypt B. Moses is born and trained for leadership C. God speaks to Moses from the burning bush II. God Promises Deliverance (Chapters 4—6:27) A. The signs for Moses and his return to Egypt B. The command for bricks without straw C. The promise to bring Israel out of Egypt III. God Sends Plagues on Egypt (Chapters 6:28—9) A. Moses & Aaron before Pharaoh, the plague of blood B. The plagues of frogs, gnats and flies C. The plagues of livestock, boils and hail IV. God’s People Leave Egypt (Chapters 10-12) A. The plagues of locusts and darkness B. The plague of the firstborn C. The institution of the Passover V. God Defeats Pharaoh’s Army (Chapters 13-15) A. The consecration of the firstborn B. The crossing of the Red Sea C. The song of deliverance VI. God Provides for Israel (Chapters 16-18) A. Manna and quail B. Water from a rock C. Jethro’s sound advice VII. God Gives His Law on Mt. Sinai (Chapters 19-21) A. The Lord appears at Mt. Sinai B. The Ten Commandments C. Servant & personal injury laws VIII. God Sets Forth Israel’s Constitution (Chapters 22-24) A. Property and social laws B. Justice and sacred festivals C. Confirmation of the covenant IX. God Gives His Instructions for the Tabernacle (Chapters 25-31) A. The Tabernacle furnishings B. The priestly garments C. Other items of the Tabernacle X. Israel’s Worship of the Golden Calf (Chapters 32-34) A. The Golden Calf B. The Glory of the Lord C. The Name of the Lord XI. God’s Tabernacle is Built (Chapters 35-40) A. The supplies are brought (35-36:7) B. The furnishings are built (36:8-38) C. The priestly garments are made (39) D. The tabernacle is set up (40) BACKGROUND AUTHOR: Moses – attested to by O.T. and N.T. (Joshua 8:31, Mark 7:10, 12:26, Luke 2:22,23). Jesus, who frequently used the Old Testament writings in support of his own teachings, referred to the “Law of Moses” as one of the three divisions of the Scriptures which testified to him: “Everything must be fulfilled that is written about me in the Law of Moses, the Prophets, and the Psalms” (Luke 24:44). DATE: According to 1 Kings 6:1, the exodus took place 480 years before “the fourth year of Solomon’s reign over Israel.” Since that year was about 996 B.C., it has been traditionally held that the exodus occurred around 1446 B.C. The “three hundred years” of Judges 11:26 fits within this time span. Egyptian chronology relating to the 18th dynasty is somewhat uncertain, though recent research tends to support the traditional view that two of this dynasty’s pharaohs, Thutmose III and his son Amenhotep II, were the pharaohs of the oppression and the exodus. The appearance of the name Rameses in 1:1 has led many to the conclusion that the 19th dynasty pharaoh Seti I and his son Rameses II were the pharaohs of the oppression and exodus. Archeological evidence of the destruction of numerous Canaanite cities in the 13th century B.C. has been interpreted as proof that Joshua’s troops invaded the promised land in that century. These and similar lines of argument lead to a date for the exodus for around 1290 B.C. TITLE: Exodus means exit or departure. “Exodus” is a Latin word derived from Greek, Exodos, the name given to the book by those who translated it into the Greek. In Hebrew the book is named after its first two words, we’elleh shemoth (These are the names of”). The same phrase occurs in Genesis 46:8, where it introduces a list of the names of those Israelites “who went to Egypt with Jacob (1:1). Thus Exodus was not intended to exist separately, but was thought of as a continuation of a narrative that began in Genesis and was completed in Leviticus, Numbers and Deuteronomy. The first five books of the Bible are together known as the Pentateuch. THE BOOK OF EXODUS “GOD DELIVERS HIS PEOPLE” LESSON 1: God Raises Up Moses (Chapters 1-3) Introduction: Why does God appoint leaders in his church? ____ we need leaders because we have to have someone tell us what to do ____ we need leaders because they are the ones that God wants to do all the work ____ we need leaders because without them we would lose our direction and focus ____ we need leaders because they are God’s gifts to equip the people for service PART 1: The Israelites are Enslaved in Egypt *) Read Exodus 1 1) What happened to the Israelites after the time of Joseph and the other sons of Jacob, v.1-10? 2) How could God use such oppression of his people for their benefit, v.11-14? ____ such oppression increased their hatred toward the Egyptians to want to get back at them ____ such oppression and hard labor only increased their desire to return to the promised land ____ such oppression humbled them before God and made them much more fervent in prayer ____ such oppression trained them for their harsh treatment of the people of Canaan 3) Were the midwives justified in deceiving the king with the excuse that Hebrew women delivered their babies too quickly, v.15-22? PART 2: Moses is Born and Trained for Leadership *) Read Exodus 2 4) How did God provide for Moses’ training and leadership from very early on in his life, v.1-10? 5) Why was Moses so intent upon helping his fellow Israelites, even killing an Egyptian, v.11-15? (Cf. Acts 7:23-29) 6) What was God’s purpose in sending Moses away to tend sheep while the Israelites were suffering in their slavery, v.16-24? PART 3: God Speaks to Moses from the Burning Bush *) Read Exodus 3 7) What does Moses mean when he writes that “the angel of the Lord” appeared to him, v.1-6? ____ this was a created angel that God had sent to speak with Moses ____ this was an evil angel that appeared in the fire to keep Moses out of Egypt ____ this was the Second Person of the Trinity, Jesus, before his incarnation ____ this was nothing more than a hallucination caused by the intense heat in the desert 8) What does God assure Moses as he speaks to him from the burning bush, v.7-10? 9) How does God answer Moses’ reluctance to lead his people out of Egypt, v.11-15? - “Who am I” - __________________________________________________________________ - “What shall I tell them” - ________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ 10) What does God promise will happen when Moses returns to Egypt, v.16-22? Conclusion: How can we insure sound spiritual training for our own leaders and people? THE BOOK OF EXODUS “GOD DELIVERS HIS PEOPLE” LESSON 2: God Promises Deliverance (Chapters 4-6:27) Introduction: What does God promise for those who trust in him? ____ he promises a life that is carefree, happy, and fun-filled from beginning to end ____ he promises a life that is filled with continuous heartache and hardship ____ he promises a life that is successful and fortunate with only minor setbacks ____ he promises a life that is blessed in every situation and circumstance PART 1: The Signs for Moses and his Return to Egypt *) Read Exodus 4 1) What three signs did God give to Moses to prove that the Lord had appeared to him, v.1-9? 2) Why did Moses feel so inadequate to talk to Pharaoh when it was the Lord himself who called him, v.10-17? 3) Why did Moses neglect to circumcise his own son as was commanded by God, v.24-26? ____ the act of circumcision was so repulsive to Zipporah that Moses refrained from doing it ____ the act of circumcision was not very well established until after the exile from Egypt ____ the act of circumcision was an important ceremony but not really commanded by God ____ the act of circumcision was not something Moses trusted in because his faith was weak PART 2: The Command for Bricks Without Straw *) Read Exodus 5:1-21 4) Were Moses and Aaron trying to deceive Pharaoh in asking only for a three-day journey, v.1-3? 5) How did Pharaoh, king of Egypt, react to the Lord’s request for a three-day journey, v.4-9? 6) Why would God allow his people to be oppressed even more after sending their deliverer, v.10-21? PART 3: The Promise to Bring Israel out of Egypt *) Read Exodus 5:22-6:27 7) How does God explain his purpose in allowing the Israelites to suffer even more, 5:22-6:1? 8) What did God want Moses to impress upon the Israelites about their Deliverer, v.2-8? v. 2 (8b): ______________________________ v.3 (8a): ______________________________ v.4 (7,8a): _____________________________ v.5 (6): _______________________________ 9) What did God mean when he said that he did not make himself known before as “the Lord,” v.3? 10) What purpose does the list of Moses and Aaron’s family record serve, v.13-27? ____ it demonstrates that God was orchestrating all the events that led up to this point ____ it emphasizes the Lord’s covenant love to Israel in providing leaders to rescue his people ____ it highlights the important role the Levites served in the administration of the kingdom ____ it fills up some space in order to round out the chapters with a similar number of verses Conclusion: What promises of God give us particular comfort when we are suffering? THE BOOK OF EXODUS “GOD DELIVERS HIS PEOPLE” LESSON 3: God Sends Plagues on Egypt (Chapters 6:28-9) Introduction: Why does God send calamities to devastate people’s lives? ____ he sends calamities because he enjoys punishing people with what their sins deserve ____ he sends calamities because he knows people need a wake up call to think about God ____ he sends calamities because he wants people to trust in him always for everything ____ he sends calamities because he loves watching people writhe in
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