April 5, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8917 .H.R. 10991. February 15, 1978. Judiciary. of 1965 to direct the Commissioner on Aging spouse receives in monthly payments from Adds the town of Hempstead to the places to establish a special grant program to enable a Federal or State pension fund. where the United States District Court for States to establish community long-term care H.R. 10998. February 16, 1978. House the Eastern District of New York shall initiatives designed to assess the needs of Administration; Government Operations. bo held. chronically ill or disabled older persons for Requires the President and Vice-President H.R. 10992. February 15, 1978. Veterans' services and to assist in the efficient opera­ to adequately record all their official acts Affairs. Revises the list of specified categories tion of a comprehensive and coordinated and to maintain all such records which excluded from the determination of annual system for the delivery of services to older shall be taken into the custody o! the income for veterans benefit payment pur­ persons. Archivist of the United States upon the poses. H.R. 10995. February 16, 1978. Education termination o! their terms of office. Pro­ Sets increased fiat rates for veterans' non­ and Labor. Amends the Older Americans Act hibits the destruction of such records by service connected disability provisions, aid­ of 1965 to direct the Commissioner on Aging such persons unless they have determined and-attendance allowances and survivors' to establish a special grant program to enable that such records are of no historical, benefits. States to establish community long-term care administrative, or evidentiary value, Provides for cost-of-living adjustments in initiatives designed to assess the needs of obtained prior approval of the Archivist, such pension and benefit rates based upon chronically ill or disabled older persons for and published in the Federal Record 60 annual adjustments in Social Security bene­ services and to assist in the efficient opera­ days prior to such disposal an intent to fits. tion of a comprehensive and coordinated sys­ make such disposal. Terminates automatic 25 percent per year tem for the delivery of services to older per­ H.R. 10999. February 16, 1978. Banking, increases in certain veterans and survivors sons. Finance and Urban Affairs. Amends the pensions for persons age 78 or older. H.R. 10996. February 16, 1978. Public Works Interstate Land Sales Full Disclosure Act H.R. 109~3. February 15, 1978. Judiciary. and Transportation. Permits the Governor to revise certain disclosure requirements, Details examination, treatment, and release of any State with jurisdiction to establish a to extend the power of the Secretary o! procedures for persons acquitted of violent disaster area Recovery Planning Council to Housing and Urban Development to enforce crimes due to insanity at the time of the contract the performance of Council func­ this Act, to increase penalties for violations offense. tions to any Federal agency, State agency, or of this Act, to create the right of attorney Establishes within each judicial district a private nonprofit organization receiving Fed­ generals to sue as parens patriae, and to Commitment Review Committee to (1) re­ eral funds, which has economic development insure the provision of basic services prom­ view treatment of persons committed pur­ functions. ised by a developer of a subdivision. suant to this Act and (2) recommend treat­ H.R. 10997. February 16, 1978. Ways and Directs the Secretary to appoint an ment for such persons where they lack capac­ Means. Repeals the requirement, under the Administrator of Interstate Land Sales. ity to consent to treatment and any of speci­ Social Security Amendments of 1977, that H.R. 11000. February 16, 1978. Education fied treatments, including electroconvulsive the amount of monthly benefits payable to and Labor. Authorizes appropriations to be therapy and behavior modification, have been a spouse or surviving spouse under Title II used by the Commissioner o! Education to prescribed by the treatment fac111ty. (Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insur­ assist in the development of the Everett H.R. 10994. February 16, 1978. Education ance) of the Social Security Act be reduced McKinley Dirksen Congressional Leadership and Labor. Amends the Older Americans Act by the amount such spouse or surviving Research Center in Pekin, Illinois.

EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS A VALUABLE TUITION CREDIT people will abandon them, so people must bear maximum education expenses, to keep not be given the opportunity. But if dis­ a bit more of their own money, to be used satisfaction with public schools is as intense for education. HON. ROMANO L. MAZZOLI as Shanker implies, it is imperative that pub­ This offends people who believe that, OF KENTUCKY lic policy nurture alternatives. whatever else a social policy aims to achieve The New Republic notes that only five o! (such as improved education), it must be IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the 20 largest school systems have white ma­ redistributionist, involving government-ad­ Wednesday, AprilS, 1978 jorities, and argues that the tuition-credit ministered transfers of taxed wealth. The bill would encourage white "flight." But re­ assumption is that dollars that do not pass e Mr. MAZZOLI. Mr. Speaker, George F. garding the manifest and manifold difficul­ through Washington cannot possibly achieve Will, in a column that appeared in the ties of public schools, The New Republic's intelligent social goals. Washington Post on March 26, 1978, pre­ attitude is part of the problem. Increasingly, President Carter's counterproposal is a sented a cogent case for tuition tax public schools do not educate adequately, routine bureaucratic reflex. He would enlarge credit. · they do not even maintain proper order, be­ existing federal grant and loan programs. Mr. Will cites this concept as an exam­ cause they are burdened with the tasks o! The bill he opposes is particularly impor­ ple of mature conservatism, using gov­ achieving various social goals (such as an tant as a paradigm for policies that will integrated society). Such tasks are not only nourish the mediating institutions that ernment positively to nurture institu­ extraneous to, but incompatible with, the stand between the individual and the mega­ tions and values worth conserving. schools proper educational mission. structures of modern government. I commend his words to the attention The Washington Post says the bill would In a monograph published by the Ameri­ of my colleagues: "change fundamentally the balance between can Enterprise Institute ("To Empower A VALUABLE TUITION CREDIT (the private) and the public schools" at the People: The Role of Mediating Structures (By George F. Will) primary and secondary level. What "balance" in Public Policy"), Peter Berger and John is that? Public schools today have 90 per­ Neuhaus argue that a theme of public pol­ The proposal to allow families to subtract cent of all pupils at that level. from their taxes half of what they pay in tui­ icy should be "empowerment." The tuition­ tions, up to $500 per student, has provoked The Post says the bill would do "incal­ credit bill would empower people of modest predictable hostility from the public-educa­ culable" damage by serving "ethnic and so­ means to make choices the afiluent can tion lobby. Although most of the bill's bene­ cial separatism," thereby damaging the sense make. fits will accrue to parents paying tuition to o! "community" that holds this "hetero­ By opposing the bill, Carter has sided with geneous country together." But private public institutions, private institution~ also the most egregious megastructure, the De­ will benefit. And like any protected, subsi­ schools often have more heterogeneous stu­ partment of Health, Education, and Wel­ dized, semi-monopoly, public education fears dent populations than neighborhood public fare. He has sided with people in govern­ nothing so much as competition. But the schools do. There is no evidence that the ment who have a general animus against ferocious criticism of this bill suggests that country will come apart 1! there is more voluntary associations because such associa­ it stirs passions more complicated than pluralism in primary and secondary school­ tions are alternatives to the state as pro­ avarice. ing. And there are abundant reasons why it viders of services. But Albert Shanker, head of a teachers should not be government policy to homoge­ Finally, he has given comfort to those union, opposes the bill because he thinks it nize children. everywhere who call to mind Bertrand Rus­ will produce "a huge exodus from the public One of the tuition bill's virtues-that a sell's description o! Beatrice Webb, the schools." He probably is wrong; he certainly tax credit involves no administrative bur­ British Fabian who "was deeply religious is an unconvincing advocate of public den-is, in the eyes o! some detractors, one without belonging ·to any recognized brand schools. o! the bill's vices. The bill would allow fam­ o! orthodoxy, though as a Socialist she pre­ His argument implies that public schools ilies, · during the difficult years when they ferred the Church of England because it was are so despised that, given the opportunity, have not reached their peak earnings but a state institution."e

Statements or insertions which are not spoken by the Member on the floor will be identified by the use of a "bullet" symbol, i.e., • 8918 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 5, 1978 AMERICAN TAX DOLLARS SUPPORT corded to domestic materials by UMTA OUR NATION'S BRIDGES FOREIGN STEEL INTERESTS grantees. This, he feels, conflicts with the Federal procurement policy of ex­ tending a preference to American-made HON. DOUGLAS WALGREN HON. JOSEPH M. GAYDOS material under the provisions of the Buy OF PENNSYLVANIA OF PENNSYLVANIA American Act, despite that act's inade.... IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Wednesday, AprilS, 1978 quacies. It also conflicts with the policy · Wednesday, April 5, 1978 of a sister agency, the Federal Highway o Mr. WALGREN. Mr. Speaker, on o Mr. GAYDOS. Mr. Speaker, yester­ Administration Tennessee, 29 percent defi:::ient. Pennsylvania, 29 percent deficient. also provide laudable, permanent public In my own county, we have increased the works projects at a time when construction funding from a period of eight years pre­ If we leave the repair and rebuilding of our local bridges to local anc: state govern­ employment stimulations are badly needed. ceding when I took office, sh-::>rtly over two Moreover, it would provide the American years ago. My county spent a million and a ment, we will, in effect, be consigning the resolution of the crisis to pot luck. At best. steel industry, which is suffering from a de­ half dollars total during those six years for pressed market, with a domestic market to bridge repairs and special rehabilitation. In one would say it would be a questionable policy to entrust the life and safety of so become more productive and increase em­ 1976 alone, we spent $10 million for inspec­ ployment of steelworkers, as well. tion, painting and repairing. many citizens and future commerce of the greatest country in the world to chance In conclusion, let me say this-if there Such inspection increase is now turning up were no bridge crisis in this country-and in the increased costs that we face. It is a when a solution is at hand. We have examined S. 2440, and find three there is- problem which won't go away. If the Federal Congress could not pick a better subject to Government makes more money available for encouraging signs. The first is that federal inspection these figures will increase because aid would no longer be limited to bridge fund or a better area to develop-than we will find out that the costs that we are replacement, but would include bridge re­ bridges. The funding of $2 billion per year seeing are based on superficial inspections habilitation also. We favor that. will provide consumers nationwide with because of the lack of funds to do proper in­ The second is that the matching formula lower prices, will stimulate badly sagging spections. will be increased to 80 percent from the construction jobs, steel jobs, will preserve Let's look for a moment behind the gross present 75 percent. and encourage commerce in those areas and statistics to try to underst and why our na­ The third encouraging sign is the provision will conserve energy by preventing gasoline tion faces a bridge crisis. for funding well beyond the current level. being used for costly and gas wasting The cost to inspect a bridge in Allegheny This step is indeed commendable. However, detours.e County, ranges from $40,000 to $60,000. Pro­ in calling for $450 million per year, the bill ject that cost over ¥.t of the 105,000 bridges as written falls far short. $450 million would nationwide in need of repair and we are in be just about enough to solve the bridge REPRESENTATIVE HENRY REUSS need of $1 billion for inspection alone. Add to problems of Allegheny County, Pennsylva­ POINTS OUT INFLATION SOLU- that huge engineering costs and construction nia. But, I don't think that would satisfy TIONS costs that are escalating rapidly every day the other 66 counties in my state nor would we delay and it soon becomes clear why the it satisfy the 7 states whose bridge problems current federal funding total of $180 million, are even more severe than mine. HON. PAUL SIMON and even the Administration's proposal of If the rate of $450 million per year at the OF ILLINOIS $450 million, fall far short of our country's proposed matching formula of 80 percent, needs. If all we hoped for from Congress were however, is maintained, it will take 41 years IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the resources merely to inspect our bridges, to repair and replace just the known de­ Wednesday, April 5, 1978 the current funding levels and th,1.t proposed fective bridges today. And that does not ac­ by the Administration, would still be far count for those which are presently defective • Mr. SIMON. Mr. Speaker, over the short of needs. but not known because of inadequate inspec­ Easter recess, I was going through CoN­ But our needs go far beyond inspection. tion funds at local levels, nor those which GRESSIONAL RECORDS and came acrOSS the That is just a preliminary step. The costs will become defective during the next 41 excellent statement by our colleague, of repair and replacement make the need for years, including, of course, any bridge under Representative HENRY REuss, about a adequate funds all the more pressing. construction right now which only has an program to both lower unemployment And at this point we should address the average life of 35 to 40 years to start with. and to lower inflation. question that must be faced in any such A truly "national" bridge program that discussion: Why federal funds? Granted our will preserve and protect life, safety and There are certain aspects in his sug­ bridges are in need of aid, why can't the commerce would more effectively be funded gestions with which I would differ, but local and state governments meet these at the $2 billion per year level. Although fundamentally, he suggests a sound ap­ needs on their own? that is a lot of money to a county or state proach. My strong feeling is that Con­ As we have seen, the national funding budget, that would only be 4/ 10 of a per­ gress and the administration have to de­ need is in the tens of billions of dollars. cent of President Carter's proposed fiscal velop a much more vigorous anti-infla­ Given such a huge dollar amount, the fed­ 1979 budget. tion program if we are to get hold of this eral government's greater revenue raising And I admit, it's still a lot of money, but evil in our midst. powers-compared to individual state and the priority is necessary and justifiable. local powers-argues in favor of federal aid. Additionally, we propose the following The Reuss program appears in the Indeed, this is the classic case of an appro­ items for inclusion in a national bridge March 21 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, begin­ priate federal-local partnership : national program: ning on page H2287, and I would en- 8920 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 5, 1978 courage my colleagues and the staifs in All of us feel uneasy that we have become That's Jim Burke talking, and he's talk­ the House and Senate to get the CoN­ so dependent on the miner. Many Hoosiers ing about a "dastardly deed-the giveaway have asked me how a handful of workers of the Portland Canal." GRESSIONAL RECORD for that date and ex­ could bring the country to the brink of Burke and a few of his buddies from the amine the Reuss plan in some detail. I economic disaster. The strike shows that, Highland Veterans of Foreign Wars Post hope my friends in the administration despite our technological brilliance, the balked when they were asked to sign a peti­ will do the same.e economy still turns by the muscle of men tion against the Panama Canal treaties be­ who work in the cold, and dirt, and the dark­ fore Congress. "We don't like to sign any­ ness of the mines. thing," he explains. "Makes it easier for the WASHINGTON REPORT Another lesson is that we do not know bill collectors to track us down." enough about the miner or his work. He is They got to thinking about the canal ad­ a tough, fiercely independent man who lives jacent to Louisville, and assigned cohort Joe HON. LEE H. HAMILTON in a world that most of us do not under­ Mitchell ("the only one of us who can read") OF INDIANA stand. He is in the forefront of America's to do a little research. most dangerous occupation. Deaths and in­ "Panama's a little far from home, besides, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES juries in American coal fields are twice as I never met a Panamanian I didn't like," Wednesday, April 5, 1978 frequent as in the British coal industry and says Burke. "And Joe found that the Port­ five times as frequent as in other American land Canal carries more tonnage than the • Mr. HAMILTON. Mr. Speaker, I would workplaces. He is proud of his work, but hiS other canal does. We decided we'd better like to insert my Washington Report for productivity has slipped 50 % in the last save it." March 29, 1978, into the CONGRESSIONAL decade. His union is fragmented and poorly Their efforts were made public at the St. RECORD: led. For him, collective bargaining is a Patrick's Day Parade with a float--well, ac­ LESSONS OF THE COAL STRIKE gamble. tually a decorated truck-representing the Committee to Restore and Appreciate Port­ At a time when most labor disputes are Notwithstanding our ignorance of the miner's ways, coal industry troubles must be land. "Make of that acronym what you will," quickly resolved, the coal strike is a stark he says. Five hundred bumper stickers saying, reminder of the damage that a single union identified and attacked. Good labor rela­ tions in the coal industry depend on it. "Save the Portland Canal," were painted, and and industry can inflict on society. More than promptly snapped up. most Americans, Hoosiers have suffered hard­ Wildcat strikes and chronic absenteeism must be curtailed, efforts must be made to "The canal is our main line of defense in ship. As I have talked about the strike with case Indiana wants to attac!{," Burke says. hundreds of Ninth District residents, I have reduce safety hazards in the mines, and pro­ ductivity must be increased. If these prob­ "There may be a challenge from Shively as thought about what our experience can teach well, and we need make sure that the Belle us. lems are not addressed, then coal strikes will to continue to plague us for many years to of Louisville gets the first call through the One lesson is that we must diversify our come. canal if there's immediate danger." sources of energy. An oil embargo in 1973 and The strike has dealt our anti-inflation The scheme is, of course, a bit of tom­ a coa,l strike in 1978 should teach us that foolery on the parts of some yellow-dog Irish we must develop as many different sources policy a heavy blow, making the govern­ ment seem powerless in its efforts to break Democrats who want, among other things, to of energy as possible. We must also have the put Ronald Reagan in his place. ability to shift quickly from one fuel to an­ the wage-price spiral. The need for a set­ tlement was so desperate that the inflation­ "We want to get Gene Snyder (an oppo­ other and to transfer power from one region nent of the Panama treaties) in on it, too," of the country to another. The national ary aspects of the rejected contract were scarcely discussed. The strike is a good ex­ Burke says. "Portland isn't in the 4th Con­ power system is vulnerable to crisis. More gressional District, but we know for a fact flexibility must be built into it. ample of how our concern for inflation yields to the hard realities of other considera­ that water from the 4th Congressional Dis­ The strike also confirms that a sharp de­ trict flows through the canal." cline in presidential authority has taken tions-in this case, the need to get coal pro­ duction going. He claims the support qf Rep. Ron Mazzoli, place in the past few years. The coal oper­ whose 3rd District includes Portland, and ators initially defied President Carter when On the positive side, it should be ob­ says he's worked on Sen. Wendell Ford. he called for negotiations at the White House served that the strike has lasted more than Burke, a former Democratic organization and the miners rejected a contract when he 100 days without causing irreparable damage chairman now working for the state Depart­ urged th3m to accept. The President's ability to the economy. Certain states-Indiana, for ment of Labor, vows a continuation of the to get the miners back to work will undoubt­ one-were hit especially hard, but nation­ campaign-perhaps at the Irish Heritage edly affect the public perception of his wide the economy held up fairly well. This Weekend celebration this summer. strength as a leader. My judgment is that his suggests that the economy overall is vital "We're doing this for the good Irish folks standing in Indiana has slipped. He has con­ and vibrant. It also suggests that there is of Portland. They didn't buy it, and they veyed neither a sense of personal involvement wisdom in shifting to other sources of didn't pay for it, but they probably built it. in the issue nor an image of a man who is energy, in relying on strip-mined western And you know, all us Irish stick together ... wrestling with a national crisis. When the coal, in increasing non-union coal produc­ except in taverns." e people want government to do something­ tion and in improving interconnections anything-to resolve a crisis, the political among electric utilities.e price of inaction is high. From another per­ spective, the President's detachment in han­ GOLDEN GffiLS OF NATIVITY BVM dling the strike may appear in a different light. He was reluctant to intervene until HIGH SCHOOL CAPTURE CLASS A THE PORTLAND CANAL BASKETBALL CHAMPIONSHIP both sides were exhausted and ready for com­ GIVEAWAY promise. He believed that a negotiated settle­ ment would be preferable to one imposed by the government. He wanted to give col­ HON. ROMANO L. MAZZOLI HON. GUS YATRON lective bargaining every chance to succeed. OF PENNSYLVANIA OF KENTUCKY It is encouraging that the strike may be IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF RE~RESENTATIVES settled by negotiation and not by govern­ Wednesday, AprilS, 1978 ment intervention. But it is apparent that Wednesday, April 5, 1978 Congress must begin to search for more • Mr. YATRON. Mr. Speaker, on Sat­ effective tools to deal with breakdowns in • Mr. MAZZOLI. Mr. Speaker, while our urday, March 18, at the Hershey Park the collective bargaining process. The Taft­ colleagUes in the Senate have whiled Arena, the Golden Girls of Nativity Hartley Act depends too much on the coop­ away these early days of spring discuss­ BVM High School defeated the Johnson­ eration of a labor force that may be alien­ ing the so-called Panama Canal "give­ burg Area High School Rams and cap­ ated. Government seizure is a vote of "no away," a more insidious giveaway has tured the PIAA Class A girls' State bas­ confidence" in the private enterprise system, been hatched in Kentucky: The Portland and as such it raises the specter of national­ ketball championship. . ization. Binding abritration is unacceptable Canal Giveaway. The Golden Girls finished their 34-1 t0 both labor and management. An adequate Fortunately, a staunch band of pa­ season with a 46-41 victory over the legislative solution will not come easily, but triots have risen to this cause and fore­ Rams. A special congratulation was cer­ failure to find it carries risks. stalled this affront to our country's dig­ tainly earned by the team, the coaches, The strike teaches us other things, too. It nity and security. and the fans of the Golden Girls whose has shown that there is widespread disres­ The following article from the Louis­ dedication and drive made their team pect for the law. Taft-Hartley was invoked No.1. amid open speculation that the miners ville Times of March 20 will serve to alert would not obey it, and they did not. Other my colleagues of the danger: I wish to pay a special tribute to the groups, I suspect, will not be blind to the PORTLAND CANAL GIVEAWAY members of the team: Erin Boran, fact that the miners flouted the law with "It's a gigantic undertaking, but some­ Megan Brennan, Brenda Campion, Mary impunity. body's got to go to the mat for that canal." Ann Devlin, Debbie Grapsy, Karen April 5, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8921 Grapsy, Michelle Horan, Beth Ann Lech­ makers and are dedicated in their support total of unemployed Protestants-keeping leitner, Bridget O'Connor, Mary Ann of the rule of law and the protection of hu· in mind that Catholics represent approxi­ O'Connor, Trish Piel, Barbara Williams, man rights. Their concern over events i~l mately one-third of Northern Ireland's pop­ Northern Ireiand reflects the legitimate con­ ulation-and that Catholics were under-rep­ Sue Yalsovec, and their coaches, Rev. cern of millions of American citizens for au resented in the main areas of employment, Stephen Mako and Madge Snyder. end to the violence and the establishment like engineering, banking and business serv­ I know the entire Pennsylvania delega­ of a just system. ices. In shipbuilding and marine engineer­ tion would agree that the Nativity BVM Mr. Lynch, I am sure you are well aware ing industries, very important in Ulster, the High School Golden Girls' outstanding of the consequences of your unsubstantiated total of Catholics was 4.8 percent, while accomplishment should be brought to the remarks concerning Irish-American involve­ Protestants made up 89.5 percent, the rest attention of this body and I am honored ment and the great disservice you have done being of unstated religion. that I have the opportunity to do so.e to Mr. Biaggi and the members of his com­ Back in the 60s, Mr. Lynch, in your first mittee. term in office, you said, viewing the situation Those people whom you saw fit to applaud, in the North, that you would not stand idly such as Sen. Kennedy, have in the past been by. But what significant initiatives were subjected to the same kind of abuse and taken as your government continued to view AN IMPORTANT STATEMENT­ condemnation by the Irish and British the worsening situation in the North and NORTHERN IRELAND governments that you now level at Mr. Blaggi. Britain's inability to formulate any specific Sen. Kennedy's perceptive opinions con­ policy in Northern Ireland? demning British policies and the inability of I am painfully aware of the Republic's HON. MARIO BIAGGI British justice to deal fairly and impartially sensitive position, specifically the danger of OF NEW YORK with events in Northern Ireland are a matter importing the violence from the North. But IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of public record. Such blatantly unjust it is no longer valid to say that we should policies have been the root cause of much keep silent for fear of worse violence. Wednesday, April 5, 1978 of the violence. As you said, Mr. Lynch, "It would be a great e Mr. BIAGGI. Mr. Speaker, the Mr. Kennedy repeatedly called for an end mistake to believe that peace can be achieved March 18 edition of the Cleveland Plain to the injustice for Britain to implement the simply by the e 'mination of violence. The basic reforins promised in countless British sort of trouble e have seen in the North Dealer printed a letter by the Cleveland "initiatives and for the orderly withdrawal has occurred there now in almost every dec­ chapter of the Irish National Caucus to of British troops. Recognizing the Republic's ade for the past 60 years. Each time, the sit­ Prime Minister Jack Lynch denouncing rightful role, he supported unification as the uation has been stabilized, but each time the him for his recent attack on the Caucus ultimate goal for Ireland. Mr. Kennedy made solution has been temporary." and the 104-member ad hoc congres­ it perfectly clear that he was totally opposed That has been the case because we have sional committee for Irish Affairs which to violence and repeatedly called for an end failed to pursue the democratic solution I chair. to the terror. He condemned the violence of which will abolish the cause of violence for Their views are consistent with hun­ the Protestant extremist organizations, the good. We should leave no doubt in anyone's British troops and the IRA. Still, he was mind that the only solution to Ireland's dreds of other letters, calls, and tele­ bitterly denounced. problem is a united Irish democracy. gams I have received from irate Irish How right and just these statements were In your speeches, you have asked the Americans who were most disturbed over has been proved since. Mr. Kennedy was right British government "to declare their in­ the tenor of the Lynch attack. As has then, and Mr. Blagg! is justified in speaking terest in the unity of Ireland." Doesn't the been stated on numerous occasion, the out now. fact that she has not done so indicate to you ad hoc committee has as its main objec­ I would remind you, Mr. Lynch, that after that she has no such interest, and that her tive to advance the constructive role internment without charge or trial was in­ countless so-called initiatives and talk ·of troduced in Northern Ireland, the then power sharing and devolved government are which the United States can and should British prime minister, Edward Heath, told play in bringing peace and justice to simply further "temporary solutions" that you, in effect, to stop meddling and mind will continue to frustrate the cause of Irish Ireland. your own business. Since then, the Irish unity, bringing suffering to a future genera­ I wish to insert this particular letter government has been repeatedly rebuked by tion? into the RECORD because of its detailed Britain, which maintains that the problem Would not an effective, impartial mediator, nature and its many observations. I of Northern Ireland is an internal affair. be it the United Nations or some other appro­ commend its author, Mr. Paul Finnin, It is obvious that anyone who dares talk priate European or international institution, about Irish unity, or for that matter anyone be the answer in bringing all sides together and hope that my colleagues will taka who has a different point of view from the the time to read it carefully: at the conference table to work out solutions British one, will be accused of supporting to the problems? Could not Congressman U.S. IRISH GROUP CHALLENGES LYNCH IRA violence. Blagg! and his committee, as well as Sens. I am in receipt of your statements issued By what act of God or nature has the Brit­ Kennedy and Moynihan, House Speaker to Congressman Mario Biaggi and the 87- ish govenment been given a special skill in O'Neill, and the many other concerned lead­ member Congressional Committee on Irish governing over other people? Upon what suc­ ers in America who have offered their help affairs. cess that the British have had in other coun­ persuade Britain and all others involved to The Irish National Caucus, which you so tries where they have been involved do you to have such a conference? freely condemned, was founded with the base your hope for a British settlement? You must be aware that your loose, slan­ purpose of uniting the various groups and Their record of failure in Ireland is clearly derous remarks about concerned Americans individuals who have voiced their concern defined. All the so-called "British initiatives" only helps to alienate them. By your state­ over the situation in Northern Ireland so have been failures. What we see today in ments, you contribute to the success of they can help contribute to a permanent Ireland is the result of one of these solutions, British propaganda in this country. peace there. the 1922 partition. Partition sowed the seeds The caucus is an exclusively American­ that have brought so much misery and suf­ The British public could conceivably force based organization and has no foreign prin­ fering these past 60 years. its government tomorrow to wash its hands cipal. It does not support any group in Ire­ In the 1960s, the Catholics found it in· of the whole situation and dump it right on land and does not send any money to Ire­ creasingly hard to bear their minority status, your door-step, and who could blame or con­ land-all funds remain in the United States. their lack of representation, and discrimina­ demn Brltaln if she did? Certainly she has It is also totally opposed to the use of tion in jobs and housing. Finally, in peace­ well established her image in this country as violence to achieve political objectives ful protest and with legitimate demands, the "honest broker" who is trying everything in Ireland-all forms of violence, whether they urged Britain to implement the needed to bring the "mad dog" race together. Eng­ they be British or Irish, state or civilian. I reforms. land left us once before with a civil war and and many others are deeply concerned be­ What was Britain's solution but further she can do so again. cause of the violence and profess our horror oppression of the minority by such acts as in­ Congressman Biaggl, like many others, and revulsion with the death and destruc­ ternment without warrant, charge or trial? believed in your ·courage and straightfor­ tion taking place in Ireland. These policies further alienated the minority wardness in calling for a declaration of in­ If you have any evidence to support your and have directly resulted in the death and tent from Britain to withdraw her troops charges, then you owe it to all concerned . . . destruction we have seen since. from Ireland. However, in your letter, you to produce such evidence. All of Britain's "initiatives" have been more saw fit to mislead him into believing he had Any support given to the Irish National whitewash than substance. Job discrimina­ made a mistake in understanding you. I quote Caucus by Mr. Biaggi and his committee was tion, which was a central grievance of the !rom your letter: "I should perhaps first of given on the basis of the caucus' principles civil rights groups, hasn't changed, according all make it clear that at no stage in my radio and their own knowledge and understand­ to a government-sponsored Fair Employment interview was I asked or did I offer views ing of and concern for the situation in Ire­ Agency report, published several weeks ago. about the withdrawal of British troops from land. Mr. Biaggi and his colleagues on this The report said the number of unemployed Ireland. I did reiterate my view that the committee are highly respected and able law- Catholics was 2'12 times greater than the British government should indicate its in- 8922 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 5, 1978 may dramatically affect the economic future terest in t~e bringing together of all the for the retiring chief to show their appre­ people ... ciation. of Interior Alaska, and If Mr. Biaggi was confused by your state­ Whereas, legislation such as HR 39 takes a On the last day of his long service to "dominant use approach" for lands which ment of government policy, so too were nu­ the people of Meadville, Chief Holt merous others, and understandably so, in have not been sufficiently investigated to de­ walked a beat on a Sunday night in termine their energy and mineral potential, view of your vague remarks. January, the same one that he walked and In your statements to Mr. Biaggi and Whereas, the multiple use concept for pub­ others, you made reference to the Fianna \vhen he went on duty in 1938. He has left a mark on his community lic lands provides a greater opportunity for Fail policy statement of October 1975. Why resource investigation and the necessary co­ you did not enclose this statement is puz­ that will be remembered by all and I ordination and local input, and zling, since it is your government's clearest wish him good health and happiness in Whereas, the Fairbanks North Star Borough statement. To quote from it: "Fianna Fail a long retirement.• Assembly has previously by Resolution No. calls on the British government to .. . en­ 77- 5 indicated its concerns that national in­ courage the unity of Ireland by agreement, in terest designations not prevent the sound independence and in harmonious relationship development of Alaska's mineral resources between the two islands, and to this end to SETTING THE RECORD STRAIGHT which are needed by all Americans, and declare Britain's commitment to implement ON ALASKA LANDS LEGISLATION Whereas, it is essential that State and Fed­ an ordered withdrawal from her involve­ eral officials hear from local governments af­ ment in the six counties of Northern fected by public lands legislation: Ireland." HON. DON YOUNG Now, therefore, be it resolved by the Assem­ Finally, Mr. Lynch, we all condemn and OF ALASKA bly of the Fairbanks North star Borough that deplore the violence. But if we really want to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESl!:NTATIVES they call upon the State of Alaska and the stop it, we must realize that protests against Congress to provide in public lands legisla­ it and the use of ~ppressive military force Wednesday, April 5, 1978 tion for the maximum local coordination and to contain it will not be enough to end it. input in the public land management deci­ Until a political solution which is just and • Mr. YOUNG of Alaska. Mr. Speaker, sion making. In addition, in cases such as the acceptable to all is imple ented, we cannot last month, my colleague from Arizona lands presently being considered national in­ hope to abolish the cause of violence for good. (Mr. UDALL) printed in the RECORD a let­ terest by HR 39 a multiple use concept be While one can be hypocritical and selec­ ter he had received from a member of applied since too little is known of the re­ tive in condemning those who may contrib­ the Fairbanks North Star Borough as­ source potential of such lands; and ute to violence, the gravest responsibility sembly, Fairbanks, Alaska. This letter Be it further resolved, that a permanent must rest with those who have the power to system be developed to provide for coopera­ implement policies which will insure peace written on official stationery, expressed strong support for H.R. 39, the Alaska tive Federal, State, and local management of and justice but who choose to continue Alaska's public lands. policies which breed violence.e National Interest Lands Act. Because the Passed and approved this 26th day of Jan­ letter was written on official stationery, uary, 1978.e many Members may have gotten the im­ pression that the borough assembly sup­ CHIEF OF POLICE HONORED ported this bill. I would like to correct the RECORD on NEED FOR IMMEDIATE TAX CUT HON. MARC L. MARKS this point. The enclosed letter and reso­ OF PENNSYLVANIA lution from the borough assembly clearly spell out the assembly's position on this HON. VIRGINIA SMITH IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES legislation. I request that they be printed OF NEBRASKA Wednesday, April 5, 1978 in the RECORD so that all Members can IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES • Mr. MARKS. Mr. Speaker, while back be aware of that position. Wednesday, April 5, 1978 in my northwestern Pennsylvania district Text of letter and resolution follow : FAIRBANKS NORTH STAR BOROUGH, • Mrs. SMITH of Nebraska. Mr. last week, I had the pleasure of joining Speaker, last year, the Internal Revenue in testimonial for the recently retired Fairbanks, Alaska, March 21, 1978. Hon. DON YOUNG, Service reported Americans paid $16.7 chief of police in Meadville, John "Jack" House of Representatives, Longworth Office billion more in taxes than they spent on Holt. Building, Washington, D .C. the three basic necessities of food, cloth­ Because I was so taken with the tre­ DEAR REPRESENTATIVE YOUNG: It has come ing, and housing. mendous outpouring for this gentleman, to my attention that a member of the Fair­ To make this fact more understand­ I wanted to share with my colleagues a banks North Star Borough Assembly, Mr. Kevin Harun, has written a letter opposing able, on the average, each of us--every few thoughts about Jack Holt and what man, woman, and child-paid some endeared him to so many people. the Meeds amendments to members of the Interior and Insular Affairs Committee. Be­ $2,200 in taxes while spending a total of His father was a railroad detective who cause Mr. Harun sent the letter on official $2,100 on food, clothing, and shelter, a was shot to death in the line of duty in stationery, some felt his communication to difference of almost $100 per person. the thirties. Jack was left to assist a wid­ be a statement of the Borough. Assembly's owed mother in raising a large family. In views. These statistics alone show the imme­ 1938 while in his twenties, Jack Holt be­ This is not the case. The Assembly has diate need for a tax cut now. Not a month came a patrolman on the Meadville taken no action concerning the Meeds from now, not 6 months from now, or a year from now. This tax cut must. be Police Departmen~ and in his nearly 40 amendments; the only statement it has made years service rose through the ranks as a on public lands policy is the enclosed reso­ coupled with a leveling off in Federal lution, which strongly supports the concept Government spending. highly respected officer and chief of of multiple use and local participation in police. decision making. We feel too little is known The Tax Relief Act of 1977 that I have As I sat at the testimonial and heard about vast areas in Alaska for classification sponsored along with 145 of my col­ many people exton the virtues of the at this time. leagues offers an average 33-percent­ chief, I was reminded that he was re­ Al tnough Mr. Harun 's views may be those across-the-board tax cut over a 3-year spected by people in so many walks of of many of his constituents, they do not period. hfe because he was a little unusual. Un­ necessarily reflect a majority opinion within When fully effective, the Tax Relief usual in the respect that he was a police the Fairbanks North Star Borough, and they Act would reduce the tax burden of a do not represent the position of the Borough officer 24 hours a day every day he served Assembly or Administration. We regret that family of four earning $8,000 by 90 per­ on the force. He was a stern officer but he unintentionally gave the impression that cent. It would reduce the burden for a had plenty of compassion and balanced he spoke for the Borough. family of four making $10,000 by nearly those attributes into an evenhandedness Sincerely yours, 50 percent and for a family of four mak­ that seemed to please all. There were KAREN PARR, ing $15,000, the reduction would be 38 people in the audience of 500 who could Presiding Officer, FNSB Assembly percent. testify that just the right action at the RESOLUTION No. 78-6-A RESOLUTION STATING With this tax cut, each of us would right time guided many troubled youth THE PHILOSOPHY OF THE FAIRBANKS NORTH have an opportunity to spend more into a lifetime of usefulness. STAR BOROUGH ASSEMBLY REGARDING PuBLIC money our own way. It will increase take­ I am told also by his colleagues that LAND MANAGEMENT home pay, stimulate consumer spending, Chief Holt had not only the respect of Whereas, the United States Congress and increase the incentive to save, invest, his community, but the respect of his the State of Alaska are presently considering and produce, and generally expand the men who held a testimonial of their own public land management legislation which economy. April 5, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8923 In addition to helping each individual, the district court and, second, the Fed­ I must complete this responsibility by vot­ the Tax Relief Act would reduce the cor­ eral Government may deposit all or a ing for the candidate whom I believe wlll best fill his position. porate tax rate by 3 percentage points portion of the estimated amount of just Once he is in office, I must continue to and increase the corporate surtax ex­ compensation with the district court and support this leader with prayer that God emption to $100,000 to help the small thereby stop the running of interest on will grant wisdom to cope with the nation's business get expansion capital. the deposited amounts. problems. This total package of tax reductions The President has now signed this bill As a citizen of America, I have a respon­ is not a new approach, just a needed into law and it would seem fair that the sibility to be alert and aware of my coun­ one. Federal Government move forward try's problems, its relationships with other In the early 1920's, the Government quickly, both to initiate proceedings and world powers, and its internal progress. This responsibility may be fulfilled in acquaint­ reduced taxes and the economy boomed. to deposit those amounts which the ing myself with the happenings and ac­ In the early 1960's, a similar reduction Government honestly estimates as just tivities of the nation through the news in taxes produced real investment compensation. This is a fairly unique sit­ media; whether by television, radio, or ar­ growth at the highest rate in modern uation where the Government has fo­ ticles found in magazines, and daily papers. histor-y with the lowest growth rate for rum shopped in a pending eminent do­ I must also set an example for younger inflation. main proceeding and has written a law generations. They must be made to realize The Internal Revenue Service recently to serve the Government's best interests, that a privilege walks hand-in-hand with procedural as well as substantive. responsibility. They must observe by my released data showing the tax burden actions that loyalty and support to America imposed on all Americans by a liberal Under these circumstances the Gov­ are of utmost importance. Congress has risen by 144 percent over ernment should bend over backward to My responsibility to America also involves the last 10 years. be fair to the citizens and property own­ upholding the laws of the land, and making One noted economist has projected ers whose protection under the fifth sure that my rights as an individual do not that with the passage of this Tax Relief amendment should at least extend to a infringe or encroach upon the rights of my Act, the gross national product would swift and fair judgment and the oppor­ f~llow ~itizen. If l.fPOD: indulging in VIY God­ be expanded by $43 billion and there tunity to reinvest their assets to the ben­ given nghts of "life, liberty, and the pursuit would be a creation of some 1.2 million efit of themselves and the individuals de­ of happiness," I remember that each and every person also possesses these same rights. new jobs in less than 2 years. pendent upon them for a livelihood.• then my obligation to this nation's society A reduction of the tax rate on small will be fulfilled. businesses will have the same type of In conclusion, when I look back to the effect. Today, many small businesses founding and establishing of this free na­ must pay 48 percent of all earnings SUSAN MARIE MEHUREN WINS tion, may I also look beyond the small scope above $50,000 to the Government--more MAINE VOICE OF DEMOCRACY of my life to the future of America, and be than double the already high tax rate CONTEST willing to fulfill all of my responsibilities to on earnings below $50,000. keep her a truly great nation.e This tax jump is a disincentive to HON. DAVID F. EMERY firms that might otherwise expand and OF MAINE provide jobs for the unemployed. In America today, we are taxing work, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES MASSACHUSM'TS CITIZENS JOIN growth, investment, savings, and pro­ Wednesday, April 5, 1978 TOGETHER TO FIGHT GREAT BLIZZARD OF 1978 ductivity, while subsidizing nonwork, • Mr. EMERY. Mr. Speaker, since 1958 consumption, welfare, and debt. the Veterans of Foreign Wars has been You can help by making your wishes associated with the Voice of Democracy HON. JOE MOAKLEY known to the administration and the scholarship program which has attracked OF MASSACHUSETTS liberally oriented Congress that we need over 4% million participants. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES this tax cut and we need a leveling off This year, some quarter of a million Wednesday, April 5, 1978 of Government spending. high school students competed to win the This leveling off of spending can easily speaking contest in their respective e Mr. MOAKLEY. Mr. Speaker, I would include defeat of an 82-percent increase States. This year's theme was "My Re­ like to take a few minutes of my col­ in foreign aid, proposed by the admin­ sponsibility to America." leagues' time to make them aware of the istration $1 billion bail-out program for It is my pleasure to inform you that tremendous effort undertaken by both New York City; and the proposed in­ the winner of the Maine State contest public servants and Massachusetts citi­ crease in energy taxes. • this year was Miss Susan Marie Mehuren, zens alike during the legendary "Boston a student at Cony High School in Au­ Blizzard of 1978." gusta, Maine. Susan is in the 11th grade The old maxim that it often takes a and plans a career in the medical field. disaster the likes of Boston's recent bliz­ FORUM SHOPPING BY THE GOV­ It is with great pleasure that I submit zard to bring out the best in people was ERNMENT RESPONSIBILITIES TO Susan's contest-winning speech for the once again proved true. Everywhere in PRIVATE PERSONS IN THE CASE RECORD, and wish her well in her future the city, from South Boston to Roslin­ OF THE RECENT REDWOOD PARK endeavors: dale, from the north end to Roxbury, BILL To be born a citizen of a nation as great people pitched in to help each other out and prosperous as America is a privilege I of a tight situation. Everywhere, there must not take for granted. Although I did occurred small events which gave testi­ HON. PAUL N. McCLOSKEY, JR. nothing to obtain my citizenship, I must OF CALIFORNIA keep in mind the men and women who mony to the basic neighborliness of Bos­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES struggled to make this country what it is ton's inhabitants. Hopefully, the good today. works, neighborliness, and friendly faces Wednesday, April 5, 1978 Their dedication and sense of responsibil­ exhibited during the storm will be more e Mr. McCLOSKEY. Mr. Speaker, on ity have given me the rights and privileges remembered than the drifts of snow, March 14 the House agreed to the con­ of which I freely partake. Mindful of this, tidal waves, and gale force winds which ference report on the Redwood Park bill. I see my responsibility in preserving Amer­ plagued the city from February 6 ica and her values for the generations of through 8 of 1978. The conference resolved the judicial ju­ tomorrow. risdiction question by designating the Nowhere on earth is the democratic way In the 2 months that have elapsed U.S. district court, rather than the Court seen more clearly. As an American citizen, since the storm's occurrence, much has of Claims, as the court of jurisdiction in I have the right to aid in electing the Presi­ been said about the efforts of both the determining just compensation for lands dent and other government leaders, who in government and the general public in acquired by the park expansion. turn, mold and shape the destiny of these combating the effects of the storm. From United States. The U.S. district court was chosen be­ The right to vote is not only a privilege, my perspective, never have I seen a finer cause it could offer two advantages to but a responsibility. I must follow the cam­ example of intergovernmental support the Federal Government over the Court paign of each candidate, weigh his values and cooperation of emergency relief. The of Claims. First, the Federal Govern­ and opinions, and evaluate his ability and city of Boston, the Commonwealth of ment may initiate proceedings before competency to meet the needs of the nation. Massachusetts, the Federal Disaster As- 8924 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 5, 1978 sistance Administration, and countless worry. One advisor warns that without addi­ Kentucky, I extend congratulations, numbers of community agencies and t ional action the nation will soon face a sig­ hosannas and cheers on being No. 1. nificant acceleration of price increases. groups all deserve to be commended on Many experts stress that we do not know Coach Digger Phelps' Notre Dame the role they played during Boston's un­ how to control inflation effectively. I do not Fighting Irish, a talented group of round­ folding drama. I would especially like to disagree with these experts, but I think we bailers, go to the final four-the pinnacle commend the Honorable John Snedeker, must recognize that inflation may often be of collegiate basketball-for the first commissioner of the Metropolitan Dis­ more a result of political expediency than time in the long and distinguished his­ trict Commission, and his assistants, of ignorance. The government must confront tory of Notre Dame. Jerry Allen, Shawn Foley, and Maureen the narrow demands of many small but Digger is a youthful, dynamic and in­ O'Malley. Their assistance in the organi­ powerful constituencies. In responding to those demands, the government sometimes sightful coach who has led the Irish zation, communications network, and li­ gives long-term wage and price stability a to its greatest basketball season ever. All aison effort undertaken by all branches lesser priority than it should have. The de­ of us-whether for-real alumni or sub­ of government was of inestimable value. sire to hold down inflation may not count way alumni-join in giving Digger, a The entire relief effort was of mam­ for much when a specific case is being con­ "Cheer Cheer for Old Notre Dame." moth proportions. Everyone involved in sidered. All of us hate inflation, but we want the entire operation should be com­ someone else to pay the price of stopping it. Coach Denny Crum's Louisville Card­ mended for never losing sight of the fact The major stumbling block on the road to inals-featuring several talented players that it was the individual that mattered lower rates of inflation may not be ignor­ from the Louisville area-had an out­ ance or ineffective tools, but rather a polit­ standing season, winning the Metro Con­ in the scope of the operation. ical inability to take the right action at ference crown and going to the NCAA Thank you.• the right time. regionals. Coach Crum and his players The two traditional approaches to the in­ brought credit to the city of Louisville flation problem simply have not worked. One and to the Commonwealth of Kentucky. emphasizes increased growth and investment WASHINGTON REPORT while the other favors restrictive policies We are proud as punch of the Cardinals. applied long enough to wring inflation out My hat is off to these gentlemen and of the economy. Obviously, other approaches their players. As we say back home: They HON. LEE H. HAMILTON must be tried. I · have great interest in done good.e OF INDIANA granting tax relief for wage and price re­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES straint. It may be imprudent to provide such relief before subjecting it to much wider dis­ Wednesday, April 5, 1978 cussion and examination, but the momentum THE DIASPORA INSTITUTE ON of inflation is so great that the proposal MOUNT ZION e Mr. HAMIT..TON. Mr. Speaker, I should be taken seriously. would like to insert my Washington Re­ Other steps can be taken as well. The gov­ port for April 5, 1978, into the CONGRES­ ernment must become much more serious HON. NEWTON I. STEERS, JR. SIONAL RECORD: about its own inflationary actions. It may be OF MARYLAND INFLATION: THE PERSISTENT CHALLENGE advisable to have an annual government re­ Inflation has become the nation's chief port on prograins which have raised or low­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES economic problem. National urveys indicate ered prices. Perhaps we should set a target Wednesday, April 5, 1978 that inflation, rather than unemployment, this year of r.o new federal impact on price has the most people worried. According to levels. The government should aim to reduce e Mr. STEERS. Mr. Speaker, Rabbi the results of my annual questionnaire, the federal deficit and should use a wide Herzel Kranz of the Silver Spring Jew­ Ninth District residents believe that inflation variety of employment prograins to help ish Center, a member of the executive should be the first concern of policymakers. achieve full employment without inflation. of the Diaspora Institute, the only Jew­ Aside from inflation, the economic skies It should also intensify efforts to win labor ish educational institution sharing are bright. On the domestic scene, jobless­ and business support for voluntary wage and price restraint. Finally, a number of specific Mount Zion with various Christian re­ ness has dropped to 6.1 %, corporate profits ligious orders, announces the celebration are improving, capital spending 1s perking up steps must be considered, such as reducing and interest rates this year have moved side­ the federal pay raise scheduled to take effect of its first decade of achievements on ways or down. Our international economic this fall, containing costs in those industries God's mountain. prospects are better with the help of some where price increases have been very rapid, A number of members of the House slackening of oil imports, an evening up of expanding the timber harvest on federal and Senate have had the opportunity to growth rates among the United States and lands to hold lumber prices down, increas­ visit on Mount Zion and have witnessed its trading partners, a firming up of the dol­ ing industry competition to lower charges the breathtaking panorama overlooking lar against most major currencies and a solid for goods and services, and urging state and outlook for farm exports. Worsening infla­ local governments to cut sales and property the Old City of Jerusalem. tion is the only fly in the ointment. taxes. This year, Israel is expecting a rec­ Inflation may very well be the most dim­ These ideas will not be popular, but there ord number of tourists, over 1 million, cult of our economic challenges. The admin­ is no easy way to fight inflation. If we do not the majority of them Christians. Com­ istration's mild anti-inflation program is not work together to reduce the rates of inflation pared to her population, this represents succeeding. Most witnesses at congressional in all sectors of the economy, price increases a ·ratio of 1 to 4: and many of these hearings suggest that inflation is likely to could become so rapid that much harsher accelerate from its basic 6 % rate. To make measures would be necessary in the future.e visitors will come to Mount Zion. matters worse, inflationary pressures are Most visitors to Jerusalem have been squeezing us from many sides. The dollar's to Mount Zion, which is holy to the three recent decline has increased the price of major religions; King David's Tomb holy imported goods and caused the OPTC na­ THE NCAA BASKETBALL PLAYOFFS to Jews and Moslems, the room of the tions to threaten another rise in oil prices. Food prices have edged up due to bad last supper holy to Christians. weather and snarled transportation. The coal HON. ROMANO L. MAZZOLI Rabbi Dr. Mordecai Goldstein, an settlement will further boost the Consumer OF KENTUCKY American citizen, is the founder and Price Index and the outcome of other labor IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES dean of the Diaspora Institute. He was negotiations may tend to do the same. Fin­ privileged to lead the Diaspora Institute ally, the government itself has been promot­ Wednesday, April 5, 1978 in its growth right from after the Six­ ing inflation-not intentionally, perhaps, but prices are moving steadily up as a result of • Mr. MAZZOLI. Mr. Speaker, as a resi­ Day war of 1967 until today. Many young various federal spending, trade and regula­ dent of the Commonwealth of Kentucky men, some with drug-related problems, tory measures. and as an alumnus of the University of approached Rabbi Goldstein for guidance Until recently, government otncials argued Notre Dame and the University of Louis­ and wanted him to establish a center in that unemployment and inflation were ville Law School, this year's NCAA bas­ Israel for the English-speaking youth equally important problems. However, with ketball playoffs were the most enjoyable who were seeking guidance and were the jobs picture improving many policymak­ in memory. discovering that Israel had no facilities ers are shifting their posture on the issue. for them. Israel, a poor, newborn nation Pressure is building for the President and Coach Joe Hall's Kentucky Wildcats the Congress to curb rising prices. The added another glorious chapter to the under constant threats of war from its President's top advisors have called upon thick volume of basketball triumphs com­ neighbors, did not have any programs to him to accept the idea that infia tion has re­ piled by the late Coach Adolph Rupp. To handle the problems and questions of placed joblessness as the principal economic Joe, to his team, and to the University of these thousands of uninvited visitors April 5, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8925 from the richest and most powerful na­ On this day, 11 Adar 5738, in Tel Aviv we The defaulters, according to a Scholarship tion in the world. But Rabbi Goldstein unanimously express our feelings of approval Commission source, "generally ca.n pay but and gratitude to the Diaspora Institute of refuse." When HEW in Washington recently saw the need, nevertheless, to reach out Mt. Zion, Jerusalem, for their outstanding matched its own payroll against lists o! to the unguided youth from North work in rehab1litating and educating the debtors it found a substantial number of America, and the Diaspora Institute was youth of Israel and the Diaspora! well paid deadbeats right in its own offices. born. That there should be some bad loans is I take this opportunity to wish the inevitable. But there is no obvious reason Mount Zion had been neglected and Diaspora Institute continued success in in ruins for hundreds of years; yet con­ why student loan delinquency should run its most worthwhile endeavor. It is cer­ far ahead o! the general consumer loan de­ tained dozens of chambers and rooms tainly a most unique institution in a very linquency rate of around 2 per cent. Pre­ dating back to the Crusader era. The unique place.• sumably these student loan debtors are Diaspora Institute's study hall, which something o! an elite group, in both intelli­ ·was renovated in 1973, was used by gence and earning power. Many of them medieval rabbis in the 15th century. STUDENT LOAN DEFAULTS could readily repay if they wanted to. No When the school started and students doubt many let their obligation slide be­ first entered it, it was obvious that no cause of a. not unreasonable expectation maintenance or repairs had been done HON. TOM CORCORAN that government would be too indifferent or OF ILLINOIS too inefficient to make much effort to collect. since the 15th century, if not longer. But Fortunately, they are being taught other­ contractors were able to renovate the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES wise. Hundreds of the state-guaranteed loans crusader's castle, while preserving the Wednesday, April 5, 1978 are being prepared for prosecution. When architectural beauty and style of these the big banks turn their computers on lists ancient rooms. e Mr. CORCORAN of Illinois. Mr. of defaulters, the delinquency rate falls Speaker, the Carter administration in sharply. American National cut the rate for There are over 100 such rooms on its Middle Income Student Assistance one university from 18 per cent to 11 per Mount Zion, which the Diaspora Insti­ Act Chicago Tribune pointed out the of 28 years in public life working with which dates back to the days of Solomon, default problem in a recent editorial local and county governments. and may have been the inspiration for "Collecting Student Loans" Cuba (although That does not wish to build a democratic public. What is now required is a firm Somalia has pulled back its forces). Indeed, state, friendly to the United States, but a Ethiopia could serve as a staging base to at­ Marxist totalitarian dictatorship beholden and consistent response by our Govern­ tack the black majority in Rhodesia and pre­ to the Soviet Union. ment to this aggressive and destabilizing vent it from developing a democratic nation What lessons will other countries learn Soviet-Cuban power play on the African through a peaceful solution with the white from Carter's policy in Africa? The friends continent. minority. of the United States get punished by Wash­ I commend to my colleagues the fol­ The Carter Administration appears to be ington, the foes get our solicitous support. lowing cogent comments by Dr. Fred C. unable or unwilling to cope with this chal­ Those who seek to establish true democracy Ikle, former Director of the U.S. Arms lenge. In fact, Carter's policies are making and racial harmony, the Carter Administra­ Control and Disarmament Agency, in re­ a bad situation worse, as demonstrated by tion undermines; those who practice totali­ the following examples: tarianism and preach racial warfare, the lation to this particular matter: Recently, as the Soviet military build-up Carter people constantly encourage. EvALUATING THE CARTER PoLICIES TOWARD in the Horn of Africa rose dramatically, the We must change our policy. AFRICA President and other Administration officials We must make it difficult and costly for What is now happening in Africa ought to suggested that Moscow's action might jeop­ Fidel Castro to maintain and expand his be of grave concern to all Americans. The ardize SALT. But before Moscow was able to occupation forces in Africa. To this end, the massive military intervention by the Soviet ponder what this could mean, the Carter Ad­ Administration must speak and act with Union and its Cuban hirelings is not just ministration got so frightened by its own conviction. The Carter Administration should some small power play in a distant corner boldness that it quickly explained SALT cease putting down welcome mats for Castro's of the world. should not be linked to Soviet behavior in "stabilizing" forces. Specifically we should: The Soviet military might that has been Africa. This flipflop starkly revealed the weak­ Stop negotiating with Havana for normal bull~ up in the Horn of Africa threatens ness of the Carter arms policy. The Admin­ diplomatic relations and trade. vitally important sea lanes-the routes istration, because it had unilaterally cur­ Close down our mission in Havana and the through which the United States and West­ tailed our strategic arms programs, now fears Cuban mission in Washington. ern Europe get most of their oil. And the a breakdown of SALT far more than the Rus­ Lend effective support through technical, imposition of Cuban forces and Soviet­ sians. Such weakness bodes ill, not only for economic and military assistance to those backed police systems in one African state progress in arms control negotiations but Africans who oppose the Cuban forces. after another can choke off the West's ac­ also for America's position throughout the (Some will argue that almost any American cess to essential raw materials. world. effort to help those who oppose the Cuban Through the stranglehold that the Soviet­ The Carter Administration's policy toward mercenaries would risk dragging ·1s into Cuban forces are acquiring at the entrance Cuba gave the green light to Fidel Castro's "another Vietnam." But instead of feeling to the Red Sea, our friends in the Middle military intervention throughout Africa. paralyzed by the fear of repeating the past, East can be pressured or some day attacked. While Castro kept sending his mercenaries we should realize that it is Castro who has Both Israel and Egypt are, in effect, becom­ to Africa, paid for through the steady Soviet his men fighting all over Africa, not the ing encircled from the South by these Soviet subsidy to Cuba, the Administration con­ United States. It is Castro, rather, who might advances. Moscow's persistent role as a spoil­ tinued to negotiate for normal diplomatic meet his "Vietnam," providing the Africans er of each and every effort to bring peace to relations with Havana. opposing him are not denied all assistance.) the Middle East will thus become even more President Carter established a diplomatic powerful. mission in Havana and permitted Castro to In Rhodesia (Zimbabwe) we must encour­ open a mission in Washington. age and help the moderate black majority to We must not ignore the broader political move toward a true democracy with full and moral implications of the Soviet-Cuban The Administration encouraged the pil­ intervention in Africa. It sets back the cause grimage to Cuba of private trade missions racial equality. The Soviets vigorously back of racial justice, human rights, and national and-incredibly-sent Commerce Depart­ those who oppose the peaceful, democratic independence. The totalitarian Marxist re­ ment officials to Havana just recently, at the solution-with arms, money and all kinds of gimes that are being imposed by Soviet arms very moment when tens of thousands of covert support. The Carter Administration, and Cuban mercenaries in many African Cubans moved into Ethiopia. however, not only refuses to help the pro­ states-against the wishes of the majority­ When Soviet pilots were transferred to western black majority, but denounces it in will deprive the people of the freedoms and Cuba to free Cuban pilots for intervention the United Nations and gives the Soviet­ dignity they have just won. in Africa, the State Department hastened to supported totalitarian Marxists a veto over explain that this was not inconsistent with the future political order in 'Rhodesia. This Moscow stirs up -one African ethnic group upside-down policy must be reversed.e against another to foment internecine war­ the Kennedy-Khrushchev agreement which fare. It is with Soviet arms and Cuban help had ended the Cuban missile crisis. Thus, that Africans are killing Africans in Angola. the Kremlin did not even have to invent ex­ SALUTE TO SAFETY RECORD Yet, when the Soviet weapons and Cubans cuses, the Carter Administration furnished moved in, some people in the United States them. argued that this intervention was "provoked" It was part of the same thinking in the HON. LARRY WINN, JR. by previous Western support for non-Marxist Administration that led Carter's Ambassador OF KANSAS groups, and that if we only kept out, all to the United Nations to can the Cuban mer­ would end well. But today, a year and a half cenaries in Africa a "stabilizing" force. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES later, the Cubans are still in Angola, fighting In Rhodesia, the white minority govern­ Wednesday, April 5, 1978 blacks, to preserve a totalitarian regime lack­ ment has at last made clear its readiness to ing popular support. move into a one-man-one-vote democracy • Mr. WINN. Mr. Speaker, today I would In the war between Ethiopia and Somalia, and a new constitution under which the vast like to pay tribute to an outstanding the Western powers have been mere specta­ black majority can assume control of the group of my constituents who were re­ tors, while Moscow first armed the Somalis, country through &.n evolutionary process and cently recognized for their safety record. April 5, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8927 On March 15, the Graves Truck Line purchase of large quant ities of bluefish. market, if it exists, will be a fresh fish mar­ of Kansas City, Kans., was honored as This is a matter of urgent concern to rec­ ket. This will necessitate the air transport reational fishermen and to the recreational of any bluefish harvested by the U.S. fleet. the grand prize winner in the 1977 Fleet fishing industry which depends on the According to the two firms which transport Safety Contest sponsored by the Com­ bluefish resource for a substantial part of 100 percent of the bluefin tuna harvested off mon Carrier Conference-Irregular Route its income. The purpose of this paper is the U.S. shores to Japan for the fresh fish which is an affiliate of the American to examine the present bluefish fishery and market, there are no outstanding contracts, Trucking Associations. to explore the possibilities of an expan­ or negotiations for contracts, for the trans­ The award was presented to Mr. Ron­ sion of the commercial fishery. port of bluefish from the United States to ald Williams, director of safety for In 1977, it is estimated that commercial Japan. Graves, at the 30th annual meeting of fishermen harvested approximately ten If a foreign market for bluefish exists, the the conference, which represents nearly million pounds of bluefish. Recreational Cj_uest ion becomes the capability of the U.S. fishermen harvested an additional 128 mil­ fleet to supply that market in the short term. 500 irregular-route motor carriers lion pounds. These figures represent a In 1978, there are four purse seiners partici­ throughout the United States. moderate increase from t he harvest levels pating in the bluefish fishery. These vessels Graves was an unanimous winner and which prevailed in t he 1965-1970 period. have a net with a 4 Y:z inch mesh. The ideal was selected based on the following fac­ During that time the commercial harvest mesh size for purse seining bluefish is 2 tors: its accident ratio per 1 million was estimated to be between four and inches. For these vessels to participate in the miles; effectiveness of driver training; five million pounds and the recreational bluefish fishery efficiently, the existing nets maintenance of equipment; participa­ harvest approximated 90 million pounds. will have to be replaced with a smaller mesh tion in safety programs and organization According to scientists at the National Ma­ net. The availability of this netting is in rine Fisheries Service and representatives question . Represent a tiYes of t he U.S. tuna in­ and safety incentive programs; enforce­ of the Mid-Atlantic Fisheries Management dust ry have suggested that to secure a large ment of the 55-mile-per-hour speed Council, the current level of harvest does supply of new netting it may be necessary limit; and overall contribution to high­ not appear to be affecting the abundance to order it from Panama or Japan. To pro­ way safety. of bluefish. It can, therefore, be concluded cure the netting from these sources would I would like to point out that the com­ that the current fishing effort is below the t ake four to six months. It has been alleged pany's trucks logged 9,837,053 miles in maximum sustainable yield of bluefish, is that a certain domestic net manufacturer 1977 with an accident frequency ratio of at the maximum sustainable yield, or has is making purse seines for bluefish. Accord­ 2.13 per 1 million miles. This is far below exceeded the maximum sustainable yield ing to the manufacturer, he has never made for such a short period of time as to not purse seine and has no contracts to do so. the average for the industry. adversely affect the stock. It is generally be­ It should be noted, however, that repre­ Mr. Speaker, I would like my col­ lieved, however, that bluefish st ocks are not sentatives of the Nat ional Marine Fisheries leagues to join me in congratulating this in trouble biologically, and that the current Service believe that the industry could mod­ fine Kansas trucking company and its level of harvest is below the MSY for the ify nets currently in use in other fisheries. general manager, Mr. Kenneth E. Wal­ species. However, a concentrated effort by Representatives of the Mid-Atlantic Fish­ lace, for their dedication to highway the Atlantic purse seine fleet to harvest eries Management Council, on the other safety. They have set an example for all bluefish could seriously affect the existing hand, express some reservations about the ofus.e stocks. availab1lity of suitable netting, although The question, therefore, becomes whether they expressed the view that such netting there is any intention on the part of the may be available. NO PRESENT BLUEFISH CRISIS U.S. commercial fleet to expand its bluefish The consensus of opinion of representatives harvest. It has been alleged that in 1977 a of the Mid-Atlantic Fisheries Management commercial fishing vessel operating out of Council, the National Marine Fisheries Serv­ HON. EDWIN B. FORSYTHE Cape May, N.J., engaged in an experimental ice, the commercial fishermen, and the rec­ OF NEW JERSEY harvest for bluefish and sold his product to reational fishermen is that there is no pres­ the Japanese or to certain African interests. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ent indication of any increase in commercial It is further alleged that this and other fishing for bluefish. However, there is the po­ Wednesday, April 5, 1978 vessels intend to enter the bluefish fishery tential that such an increase could occur e Mr. FORSYTHE. Mr. Speaker, dur­ in the near future. With respect to the 1977 and could adversely impact the bluefish activity of the Cape May vessel, this vessel fishery. In view of this, the Mid-Atlantic ing the last several weeks I have been harvested approximately 44,000-46,000 Fisheries Management Council has decided contacted by a large number of people pounds of bluefish. According to the vessel to develop a Fishery Management Plan for expressing concern about rumors of the owner and the purchaser, the harvested fish bluefish. The Council anticipates that it can possibility of expansion of the present was marketed within the United States. complete its action within three to four commercial fishery for bluefish. Such Thus far in 1978, the Cape May vessel has months. After that, the plan will be reviewed an expansion could have a major ad­ not participated in the bluefish fishery. by the Secret ary of Commerce. verse impact on this important re­ According to representatives of the Mid­ The current situation appears to be one of source. Atlantic Fisheries Management Council and preventing a problem from occurring rather the National Marine Fisheries Service, there than responding to an existing crisis. How­ As a Representative of a New Jersey is no evidence of an increase in the com­ ever, it is extremely important that blue­ coastal area and as ranking member mercial bluefish fishery in 1978. It should fi sh not suffer the same fate as too many of the House Merchant Marine and be noted, however, that one commercial other species have been overfished before any Fisheries Subcommittee on Fisheries fisherman has expressed an interest in har­ protective measures were adopted. The devel­ and Wildlife Conservation and the En­ vesting a small amount of bluefish and opment of a management plan for this fish­ vironment I quite naturally had an im­ transporting it to Japan to test market e:y will prevent this from occurring.e mediate interest in determining the availability. To date, this fisherman has har­ vested no bluefish. basis for these rumors. I have thorough­ MERLE HICKEY DAY ly investigated the matter and have It has also been alleged that certain proc­ found that, while no problem exists essors have entered into contracts, or are presently, the potential for a future about to enter into contracts, with foreign HON. MARC L. MARKS interests for the sale of bluefish. According problem has prompted the Mid-Atlantic to the processors involved, they have not Oi' PENNSYLVANIA Fisheries Management Council to begin entered into any such contracts nor have IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES developing a bluefish management plan. they been contacted with respect to any Wednesday, April 5, 1978 In the belief that other Members of such contracts. the House of Representatives may have Assuming the U.S . fleet desires to enter • Mr. MARKS. Mr. Speaker, an event is also been contacted by constituents the bluefish fishery, it should be noted that upcoming in Hermitage, Pa., this week­ sharing the same concern over this po­ the market would have to be an overseas end that I feel deserves to be brought to tential threat to the bluefish, I would one. The reason for this is that the U.S. blue­ the attention of my colleagues. I believe like to insert in the RECORD a copy of my fish market is extremely supply sensitive. it can best be described by quoting from detailed discussion of this issue. Any sudden increase in the supply of blue­ an article in the April 1 edition of the fish has, in the past, resulted in a substan­ Sharon, Pa., Herald, authored by Ray THE BLUEFISH INDUSTRY tial reduction of the dockside price of blue­ In recent weeks there have been several fish. This market pattern has effectively Swanson, the sports editor: reports of an expanded commercial fishery eliminated any profitability from a substan­ BASEBALL, HOTDOGS, APPLE PIE AND MERLE for bluefish. It has been rumored that the tial increase in the harvest of bluefish. There HICKEY DAY Japanese and certain African interests is no evidence of any change in this pattern. With all due respects to the chefs, these have contracted with U.S. fishermen for the Industry experts believe that the Japanese tasty morsels will provide a large part of the CXXIV--562-Part 7 8928 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 5, 1978 "menu" at the Merle Hickey testimonial as a cultural and artistic center for all the CUE program through which ATF banquet on Saturday, April 8th. of Eastern Europe. The Byelorussians was able to identify a large portion of Hickey, District 2 Little League Adminis­ introduced the ideas and works of the the weapons used in crimes as having trator will be honored that evening by Renaissance into the eastern areas. And come from States with little or no gun friends, Little League Associates and sports­ they were the third ethnic group in laws. minded fans of Mercer County. Europe to have a Bible printed in their If equipped to locate the last dealer It is a fitting tribute for the 60 year old native tongue. who handled a weapon after it left the ex-letter carrier who has devoted a great portion of his later years to the betterment The Byelorussian people lived peace­ manufacturer, law enforcement officials and continuation of a Little League program fully until the turn of the 16th century; are able to perform their duties more for thousands of youngsters, not only in this by then Russia's military might had in­ effectively. As an example of the assist­ area but across the United States. creased too much and eventually forced ance which this type of information can It's a labor of love for Hickey who has been Byelorussia under the rule of the auto­ make in an investigation of a crime I associated with Little League since 1959 cratic Tsars. There were several anti­ need only cite the case of Arthur Brem­ when Patrick, oldest of the Hickey children, Russian uprisings over the years, most mer, the man who attempted to assas­ became involved in Hickory Little League as notably in 1830 and from 1863-187C. The sinate former Governor Wallace. The a player. great national hero, Kastus Kalinouski, weapon which Bremmer used was lo­ After serving as manager of various Hick­ among many others, died on Russian gal­ cated shortly after he shot George Wal­ ory teams, he was named District 25 admin­ lows for his insistence in the fight for lace. By referring to the serial number istrator in 1985 by Little League Headquar­ ters in Williamsport, Pa. His territory was Byelorussian independence. this weapon was traced from the manu­ Butler, Clarion and Venango Counties. In At last, in 1918, after the last Romanov facturer to the wholesaler to the re­ 1966, Merle was appointed District 2 Admin­ Tsar had been overthrown, they saw tailer and the retailer provided officials istrator which encompasses Mercer and Law­ their chance for freedom and on March with the name and description of the rence Counties. He has held that position 25 the All-Byelorussian Congress issued party who had purchased the gun. This to the present. its Declaration of Independence, stating whole process took 9 minutes and 12 "I love Little League baseball", he said in part: seconds. "I believe it's the finest baseball program in .. . Today we, the Rada of the Byelorussian Surely no Member of Congress would the world for children in this age group. It National Republic, cast off from our country object to an investigation on the part of keeps me active and makes me a part of the the last chains of political servitude that had the Department of the Treasury which, community. I believe Little League Baseball been imposed by Russian Tsarism upon our in possession of a weapon, is seeking to helps mould our youngsters into becoming free and independent land. From now on, better citizens of our community. But per­ find the owner and possible perpetrator the Byelorussian National Republic is to be of a crime. haps the best reason is that it helps me a free and independent power ... right here", he said with a twinkle in his And, contrary to fears being expressed eye while pointing to his heart. Their independence received immedi­ by some people, no access to names of Mr. Speaker, these remarks just ate de jure recognition from over a dozen individual buyers will be available to scratch the surface of Merle Hickey's states, and Byelorussian legations and ATF unless they are in possession of the background and his accomplishments. consulates were set up in a number of weapon itself and can thereby trace it However, my bringing these remarks to foreign capitals. But Moscow, by then to the last known dealer to obtain the the attention of my colleagues permits Bolshevik, quickly stepped in and snuffed name of the owner. There is no danger me to do honor to a gentleman who de­ out the infant republic. of gun confiscation under current law serves commendation from everyone for Moscow's efforts over the years to de­ and these regulations are completely un­ his tireless work on behalf of young peo­ stroy the national spirit of the Byelorus­ related to any concept of confiscation. ple throughout western Pennsylvania. sians have met with dismal failure. Even Mr. Speaker, another of ATF's pro­ Although my schedule does not allow now they continue to resist Vigorously. posed regulations would provide that all me to be in Hermitage this weekend, There is minimal membership in the weapons manufactured hereafter would Merle knows that he has my admiration Communist Party despite the many ad­ carry a unique serial number. The first for his years of community service and vantages afforded a member, and the 3 numbers of a 14-digit figure would that he and his family have my very farm workers continually resist author­ identify the importer or manufacturer best wishes for the future.• ity on the collective and state farms. of a weapon, the 4th and 5th figures will Mr. Speaker, I am confident that our be the last 2 digits in a production or fellow Americans of Byelorussian descent importation year, the 6th and 7th celebrated this latest anniversary most characters shall identify the firearm SIXTIETH ANNIVERSARY OF BYE­ joyously and I commend them for their model and the 8th through 14th numbers LORUSS~ ~EPENDENCE DAY spirit and conviction. I also exteLd my shall be serialized numerals of the model best wishes to their brothers and sisters that is produced or imported during a now in Byelorussia, and remind them production or importation year. This HON. JAMES J. DELANEY that their plight has not been forgotten.• system will do much to alleviate the OF NEW YORK problems law enforcement officials throughout the United States currently IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES face when the same number appears on Wednesday, April 5, 1978 ATF REGULATIONS Wn.L HELP IN ENFORCEMENT OF GUN LAWS more than one weapon. • Mr. DELANEY. Mr. Speaker, while we Mr. Speaker, I wholeheartedly support were away from Congress the past week the ATF's proposed regulations as an an event of great importance, and a HON. ROBERT McCLORY effective method of crime control and reason for much celebration, took place. OF ILLINOIS hope that the majority of the Members Saturday, March 25, marked the 60th IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of this House will also convey their sup­ anniversary of the day in 1918 when the port of this program to the Bureau of freedom loving people of Byelorussia Wednesday, April 5, 1978 Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms.• threw off the fetters of Russian im­ • Mr. McCLORY. Mr. Speaker, I wish to 'perialism and established their inde­ take this opportunity to commend the pendent Republic. Unfortunately, the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Fire­ TRIBUTE TO POLICE OFFICER rebirth of this proud and ancient state arms on their recently issued proposed HOWARD SKILLINGS after centuries of tsarist domination was firearms regulations. Many of their pro­ tragically short lived. posals are long overdue. HON. BRUCE F. VENTO The Byelorussian people are one of the For some time I have felt that if we OF MINNESOTA oldest ethnic groups now under the could trace the flow of firearms across IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Soviet yoke of oppression. They have the country more effectively we would be been liVing in their homeland, which ex­ able to identify that point at which a Wednesday, April 5, 1978 tends from Poland's eastern borders to diversion of weapons was made from the • Mr. VENTO. Mr. Speaker, under the within sight of Moscow, since before the legal to the illegal market. This view leave to extend my remarks in the REc­ ninth century began. Byelorussia served was reinforced through the results of ORD, I include the following: April 5, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8929 TRIBUTE TO POLICE OFFICER HOWARD SKILLINGS Sam wouldn't discuss the cost, but a usual dergraduate degree from Wilberforce (By Congressman BRUCE VENTO, Minnesota) quarter-page ad in the Saturday Evening University and Ohio University, and has Post runs $845. done graduate work at the University of "Something there is that doesn't like a This done, he waited until the magazine wall/ That wants it down," is a famous line was printed, secured an early edition and Chicago, Columbia University, Case from Rooort Frost's poem, "Mending Wall." reserved a table for two at La Tour Restau­ Western Reserve, and Cleveland State Frost could have been writing about Howard rant. University. In 1960, Dr. Tanner came to Skillings, a police officer in Saint Paul, Min­ With prearranged care, restaurant manager Cleveland. His first position involved the nesota. Mike Isop approached the table that night Addison Junior High School enrollment Officer Skillings spent his life tearing down with a copy of the magazine and asked if area where he was the chief home and the walls that divide people, including the Sam would care to read an article inside. wall that traditionally separates the police school visitor. Since then, he has held Sam obliged, pretended to scan the con­ several important and influent:.al posts and the communities they serve. tents and then handed the magazine, open He used his role as a police officer to strive to page 110, to Lynette. including educational planner for the for the development of a community united A newspaper photographer was standing Greater Cleveland Youth Service Plan­ in both purpose and soul. He was especially by to capture her reaction on film. Waiters, ning Committee, d!irecting coordinator interested in the problems of young people chefs and kitchen workers also hung around for the school program for community and devoted much of his time, both on and to see what would happen. action for youth, administrative assistant off duty, to helping them. "I was stunned," Lynette said, "and at Mr. Skillings did his work quietly. He did to the superintendent of the Cleveland first I didn't say anything. But how can you public schools, assistant superintendent not seek awards or accolades. Yet his efforts refuse an offer presented like that? Of course, did not go unrecognized. In 1974, the Inter­ I said yes. of continuing education and special national Association of Chiefs of Police "I can't wait to see what he comes up with projects, and assistant superintendent of named him the nation's top policeman. It for the wedding.'' curriculum and instruction. was a recognition of his work, his under­ Mr. Speaker, in addition to his busy standing, and his sensitivity to the need to DEAR LYNETTE: We live in a world of so schedule in the superintendent's office, incorporate youth into the community if many relative values, so many shades of gray, Dr. Tanner is a member of numerous pro­ there are going to be true and lasting com­ in terrns of philosophy or morality, that it munity bonds. fessional and civic organizations. seemingly is increasingly difficult for a man They are: Mr. Skillings death last week is a great loss to point to anything with certainty. to his family and friends, to the neighbor­ Only rarely does a relationship develop Association for Supervision and Curricu­ hoods where he worked, and to the entire which is so honest, so overwhelming, so won­ lum Development. Saint Paul community which he served.e derful that one can know, without question, American Association of School Adminis­ that it is right. That it is the best. That it is trators. Ohio Education Television Network Com- GOING PUBLIC WITH LOVE true. If I were to place a value on _life's joys, the mission. By appointment of the Governor. second greatest joy would be that of just Phi Delta Kappa., Professional Fraternity. HON. ANDREW JACOBS, JR. knowing that I love you. And that you love Alpha Phi Alpha., Social Fraternity. me. Rotary Club of Cleveland. OF INDIANA How can I tell you how incredible it is that Wilberforce University Aulmni Association IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES I know something as important as this with­ President, Cleveland Chapter National Vice Wednesday, April 5, 1978 out reservation? Without question? President. But, if I were to single out the greatest joy Cleveland Guidance Center, Board of • Mr. JACOBS. Mr. Speaker, the strong a relationship could give me, it would be the Trustees, Vice-President. think before they speak but do not fear singular joy of marrying you. Natural Science Museum of Cleveland, to speak. I will promise to love you faithfully for the Advisory Committee. It can only help from time to time to rest of my life. Booth Memorial Hospital, Advisory Coun­ stop and reflect on what life is all about. And to love you selflessly. Totally. Honestly. cil. Mr. Sam Graves has done a nice job Unreservedly. Just you. Always. Cleveland Automobile Club, Corporate in this regard. Lynette, let me love you with my soul, Member. Two articles follow: adore you with my mind, kiss you with my Case Western Reserve University, Board of heart. Forever. Overseers. [From the Indianapolis Star, Mar. 8, 1978) Will you marry me? Soon? GOING PuBLIC WITH LOVE SAMMY .• Citizens League, Member. (By Thomas R. Keating) St. James A.M.E. Church, Member Trustee. This story is for all those skeptics who say DR. JAMES R. TANNER-DISTIN­ The Hiram House, Board Member. there are no romantics in the world today. GUISHED EDUCATOR Great Plains National Instructional Tele­ As exhibit No. 1, there is Sam Graves. vision Library, Board Member. Sam is the news director a.t WIFE radio. Before that he worked as a. reporter for WIRE HON. LOUIS STOKES He is also a consultant to the U.S. and for the Indiana. attorney general's office. OF OHIO Office of Education. While appearing in a Footlite musical IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES On Sunday, April30, 1978, friends and about a year ago, he met a young lady named colleagues of Dr. Tanner are sponsoring Lynette Chittenden, who is a former Pace­ Wednesday, April 5, 1978 mate for the Indiana Pacers. Sam first asked a scholarship testimonial banquet in his her for a date while they were appearing • Mr. STOKES. Mr. Speaker, I rise on honor. Mr. Speaker, in light of this aus­ together onstage. this occasion to bring to your attention picious occasion, I would like to take "We were part of a group scene in this a.nd to the attention of my colleagues in this opportunity to ask that my col­ play," Lynette said. "We were supposed to the House, one of Cleveland, Ohio's, most leagues join me in saluting Dr. Tanner. provide background dialogue, and Sam took distinguished educators. For 18 years, Dr. His dedicated service and commitment to this occasion to ask me out. I knew then he was going to be a little different." James R. Tanner, deputy superintendent excellence has benefited thousands of After dating for a year, Sam decided to ask of the Cleveland public school system, citizens in my city. I am certain that I Lynette to marry him. But, being a.ffiicted has been deeply involved in the educa­ speak for them when I express my ad­ with this romantic;: nature, a simple, straight­ tion and welfare of our community. Mr. miration and gratitude for his leader­ forward proposal didn't seem enough, so he Speaker, I am certain that my colleagues ship. We hope that he will continue his thought long and hard before coming up from the Nation's large urban centers outstanding work in Cleveland for many with a unique and rather expensive approach. are keenly aware of the myriad of prob­ years to come.e First, he wrote a. somewhat poetical and philosophical message to his intended, spell­ lems facing city public schools. Contro­ ing out just what he thought it was that versy over desegregation, ed1~cational TIM COONROD WINS OREGON VOICE made her special. standards, and the ever-present financial OF DEMOCRACY CONTEST The message was intensely personal and crisis are a constant challenge to school in the last few sentences he really let it all administrators. Mr. Speaker, Dr. Tanner out. The proposal contained the kind of has met these challenges head on and HON. AL ULLMAN emotions most men would not put down on performed his duties in the Cleveland OF OREGON paper, let alone go public with. public school system with distinction and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES But Sam took this letter, along with a a deep sense of commitment. picture of him and Lynette to the Saturday Wednesday, AprilS, 1978 Evening Post, where he purchased a quarter Prior to his career in Cleveland, Dr. page of space and directed that his proposal Tanner taught in the Portsmouth, Ohio, • Mr. ULLMAN. Mr. Speaker, I am sure of marriage be run in the March issue. public school system. He received his un- that you are familiar with the Voice of 8930 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 5, 1978 Democracy contest sponsored annually But, if no people speak up and criticize The lecture follows: by the Veterans of Foreign Wars. This a certain action or issue, legislators will MEXICO , THE THIRD WORLD AND THE LAW OF become lazy, putting out laws that they THE SEA ., essay competition challenges high school feel will fit the needs of the people, but students to put their understandings and oftentimes as the people know, don't! (By John J . Logue) hopes for the future of our democratic The third aspect of my responsibility is A PRECIOUS OPPORTUNITY TO ADVANCE THE NEW traditions into words and provides a support. After I make a stand, and voice INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC ORDER forum for the wider dissemination of my criticism, all benefits t o be gained will Cremos que la piedra fundamental del their views. be lost if I do not support that stand. If I nuevo derecho del mar debe ser el principia This year, the theme of the contest, want something changed, I must be able to de que los oceanos y sus recursos son el "My Responsibility to America," inspired bring up reasons that will back up my patrimonio commun de la humanidad para criticisms. I must stick with these reasons agudar a la familia humana a virir junta en some outstanding essays, and I am proud until either affirmative action is taken or paz y armonia-from the Barba Negra Ap­ to share with my colleagues the winning a response has been made that will satisfy peal, 22 August, 1976. entry from Oregon, written by Tim my misgivings. It is a great honor and pleasure to speak Coonrod of Albany: A lack of support on my part will only on the law of the sea at the Law School of TIM COONROD WINS OREGON VOICE OF serve to weaken my arguments. However, the National University of Mexico. I am very DEMOCRACY CONTEST if I support my stand every inch of the way impressed by your beautiful university and "Ask not what your Country can do for the criticism I have made will stand out. by your beautiful capital city. They confirm you, but what you can do for your country." Other people may relate to my gripes and the impression of your country with which When John F. Kennedy spoke these im­ in turn express their opinions on the I came, i.e. that Mexico is a vigorous and mortal words over a decade ago, he expressed matter. vital nation which is striving valiantly not a principal idea that has held our country As more and more people come to my only to meet its urgent internal problems, together as a democratic nation for over two support my original argument will be but also to play an important role in the hundred years. accentuated. With this accentuation there world community as well. This is especially is a greater possibility for action than there true in the vital public policy area we are He talked of a two-way relationship be­ was previously. · tween a body of people and a government discussing this morning, the law of the sea. that was created specifically for that body. The fourth and final area of my respon­ For Mexico is playing a leading role in the He spoke of responsibility; responsibility as sibility to America is active involvement. valiant effort of the giant Law of the Sea This is the most important aspect of my Conference to write a new law of the sea, a contributing member of American Society responsibilities as it combines and unites a law of the sea which not only protects and a vital part of its government. the previous three. the marine environment and reconciles the But what are these responsibilities? What By becoming actively involved in local, many competing uses of the oceans, but one can I do as an American Citizen to make state or federal government, I can do more which, at the same time, is a major force in my country a better place in which to live? than just complain about situations I building the new international economic and How can I change, shape, and direct its poli­ would like to see changed, I could take posi­ political order which the world so desperately cies in the future? tive action against it! Not enough people needs. In order to discern these responsibilities, realize the important responsibility of The central thing I want to say to you we must realize the importance of American becoming involved in the governmental this morning is that I hope that in the Freedom! Freedom which allows us to de­ affairs of our country. months before the coming Geneva session of velop our own individual character regard­ If more people became active by injecting the Conference, Mexico and the other na­ less of any dissenting political beliefs. their ideas into the system, there would be tions of Latin America will rethink their Freedom is a right, but responsibility soon a lot less problems to deal with. position on what I believe to be the most follows this right. To be without responsi­ Analysis, criticism, support and active important question before the Conference, bility is to be without independence. though not the one that is receiving the most However, we live in a nation where Free­ involvement. These are four of the most important responsibilities, I have to Amer­ attention at the present time. That most im­ dom has become more than just a precon­ portant question is, "What is to happen to ceived, philosophical concept, we breathe the ica. By following these responsibilities, I am insuring the individual freedom of oth­ the immensely valuable offshore mineral re­ air of a land where independence is a reality, ers which will follow after me, and they sources?" In my judgment, a wise solution a vital part of every man, woman and child's by fulfilling these same responsibilities, will to that problem would make it easy to solve life. in turn secure freedom for the others, that the problem which has stalled the Confer­ We therefore, as Free American Citizens, follow them, and America wlll live forever ence for more than two years, the problem have obligations to our country, obligations in a continued state of llberty.e of the International Seabed Authority. that must be met in order to assure that our Government remains a government of the I hope that the delegates to the Spring people, by the people and for the people. 1977 Session of the Law of the Sea Confer­ These responsibilities are significant not only "MEXICO, THE THIRD WORLD AND ence will consider adopting as their motto to the growth of the country, but to the THE LAW OF THE SEA" the inspiring words of your great President, growth of the individual as well. Jose Lopez Portillo, in his September 1st These responsibilities can be divided into "State of the Nation" Report. In that Re­ four major areas. The first is analysis. In a HON. ROBERT W. EDGAR port he said, "The golden rule in human and country that depends heavily on individual OF PENNSYLVANIA international relations means treating others involvement, it is important that each per­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES as we would wish to be treated." With you, I would like to consider how that noble son be able to tell what's going on in the Wednesday, April 5, 1978 world around him. But a knowledge of po­ philosophy should be applied to the law of litical events and happenings is not enough. • Mr. EDGAR. Mr. Speaker, Members the sea. How, for example, would Mexico or To be able to function as a responsible mem­ my own country, the United States, like are aware that the Third United Nations to be treated if we were landlocked or geo­ ber of American Society, one must be able Conference on the Law of the Sea will to analyze political events. graphically disadvantaged states, and the begin its seventh working session in late question under discussion was the distri­ This would include weighing any advan- · March in Geneva. A variety of explana­ bution of trillions of dollars of ocean re­ tages against the possible disadvantages, tions have been offered as to why the sources within 200 miles of shore, almost all considering the physical and psychological giant Conference has not been able to of which was traditionally regarded as "com­ impact on personal and local areas of inter­ mon property" or as "no one's property?" est, and making a rational stand on the is­ make more progress in the 4% years since it was first convened. What would we think of a treaty which gave sue based on considerations involved. us none, or only a tiny share of those thirty However, once a person makes a stand on One of my constituents, Dr. John J. trillion dollars? an issue, he becomes involved in another Logue of Villanova University, believes aspect of responsibility; criticism. In my own view, the coming law of the that what the Conference needs is a sea treaty should provide for some sharing Criticism is an action that naturally fol­ bolder, more imaginative approach to the of the immense wealth within 200 miles of lows careful analysis of an issue. It is a vital great work it is undertaking. I believe shore. I assume, just as everyone does, that part of free-world democracy and can be a that Members may be interested in ex­ there will be a 200-mile economic zone. But check on governmental actions. amining the text of a lecture on "Mexico, I do not assume that there should be a 200- By voicing my opinions in the form of the Third World and the Law of the Sea" mile exclusive economic zone (EEZ) . As you constructive criticism, I may be able to help will see, my focus will be almost entirely on change a part of a prospective ordinance or which Dr. Logue gave at the Law School the mineral wealth within the economic law for the better. of the National University of Mexico last zone. I shall urge that a substantial part of If enough people voice their criticisms, it December. It was subsequently published is quite possible that the ordinance, when in the December issue of WORI Report, * This lecture was delivered at the Law formulated in its entirety might fit the the publication of the World Order Re­ School of the National University of Mexico needs and goals of the community better search Institute, of which Dr. Logue is on December 6, 1977. Dr. Logue subsequently than it would have in the first place. Director. edited the manuscript. April 5, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8931 that mineral wealth should be shared with tribution, not only to the building of a just But in 1978, if the ICNT is adopted, the the rest of the human family. and equitable law of the sea treaty, but a Conference will be giving the coastal states Let me stress that the minerals within major contribution to the building of peace, clear title to thirty trillion dollars of ocean 200 miles of shore are immensely valuable, justice and a new international economic resources, i.e. one hundred thousand times that the oil and gas within 200 miles of shore and political order. as much value as the 300 million dollars are estimated to be worth at least thirty tril­ Central to my argument is the proposition the world community may get from the ICNT lion dollars, i.e. thirty thousand billion dol­ that Mexico and the very talented Mexican in 1987. And most of that wealth, which once lars. Let me emphasize that the proposed delegation are in a key position to influence was common property, will be given to a very 200-mile economic zone contains the over­ the Law of the Sea Conference in a .Positive few coastal states. whelming proportion of presently exploitable and creative direction. They are also in ,a key Yes, I think it is not so difficult to demon­ ocean wealth. And the third point I want to position to influence what is the most impor­ strate that a strong ocean authority with make I have already touched on. Let me re­ tant group in the Conference, i.e. the Latin substantial funding, funding that must come peat that almost all of this wealth within American Group. For the Latin American na­ largely from the economic zone, can make a 200 miles of shore was traditionally regarded tions have been the earliest anC.:. strongest ad­ mighty contribution to bringing peace and as common property, res communis or as no vocates of the EEZ. Yes, Mexico has great prosperity to the human family. one's property, res nullius. We are talking prestige in the Law of the Sea Conference and But what about my second proposition, about the most valuable part of the oceans. great influence with the more than 100 Third i.e. that sharing within the economic zone We are talking about the cream of what was World countries in the Conference. The Mex­ would be a good thing for the Third World? traditionally regarded as the common prop­ ican Revolution and the passion for justice In my view that proposition is also not dif­ erty of mankind. We are talking about an which inspired it-have been a great inspira­ ficult to demonstrate. Indeed, it is very easy area which, if we had followed the advice of tion for Third World countries. Those coun­ to demonstrate that it is th·e rich countries Dr. Arvid Pardo of Malta, the father of the tries understand that the achievement of which gain the mo3t from the EEZ. I have Law of the Sea Conference, would, in its national independence does not mean very a chart here entitled, "Who Gets What From major part, be regarded as "the common much unless that independence is combined the ICNT?" It was put together by James heritage of mankind." with social and economic justice and human Bridgman of the Ocean Education Project for I have a most difficult task this morning. dignity. In a word, the Conference has and a recent colloquium on "Peace, Justice and I am going to try to persuade you, first, that will continue to pay close attention to what the Law of the Sea" held at Villanova Univer­ sharing a substantial portion of that off­ Mexico says and to the positions that Mexico sity under the auspices of the World Order shore wealth would be in the interest of the takes on critical issues. Research Institute. human family as a whole, and second, that There is another and very important rea­ This chart indicates that ten nations­ such sharing would be in the interest of the son why a Mexican move toward sharing only ten nations-get more than half of all Third World. To persuade you of the truth of would have a great effect on the Conference. the EEZ areas of all the nations in the world. these two propositions will not be easy. How­ It is very simple: Mexico is one of the great­ Those ten nations get 53 percent of all the ever, it will be infinitely easier than to se­ est gainers from the exclusive economic EEZ's in the world. The remaining 150 or so cure your agreement to my third proposition. zone. Indeed, there are only eight nations nations get only 47 percent of this immensely My third proposition is that treaty articles in the entire world which gain more "ocean valuable portion of the oceans. Remember, providing for sharing within 200 miles of real estate," i.e. more nautical square miles this was "common property!" shore would be in the interest of the Latin of ocean resources, than Mexico. What is How unfair, how unjust can you get? Is American nations and of Mexico in more, it is clear that Mexico's 831,500-mile this the golden rule? Is this justice? particular. economic zone really has a great deal in the What can we say about these ten very for­ At this point I am sure that some of you way of resources. That cannot be said of tunate nations? The most striking thing we will be thinking: "This man is not serious!" every country with a very large economic can say is that six of them are rich nations, And others of you will be thinking, "This zone. rich, developed nations. And those six rich, man is from La Mancha and not, as he pro­ Needless to say, many Third World coun­ developed nations get 36 percent of all the fesses, from the United States!" It will not tries do favor sharing within the economic EEZ's in the world. Indeed, they get more surprise me if that is your reaction. Indeed, zone, e.g. those in the 51-member Group of than all the EEZ's of all 110 developing na­ as I rode to your campus this morning, it Landlocked and Geographically Disadvan­ tions. Those six rich, developed nations are struck me that I might have a better chance taged States. It is not difficult to demon­ not only six of the top ten gainers from the of surviving in the Mexico City bull ring strate that it is in the interest of those na­ EEZ. They are six of the top seven gainers than I would have of coming out of this lec­ tions to have as much ocean wealth as pos­ from the EEZ. Only one developing nation­ ture hall alive! For I knew I would-as I sible going into the Common Heritage Fund, Indonesia-is among the first seven gainers am-be waving a red flag at you. And the red whether from offshore mineral deposits or from the EEZ. flag that I am waving is the central proposi­ from those in the deep ocean. However, if a Let me give you two striking examples of tion of my lecture, i.e. that in the interest of Third World nation with a long coastline the inequities inherent in the EEZ. Zaire, the Third World and the human family, began to call for sharing of offshore re­ larget" than Mexico, has an economic zone Mexico and other Latin American states sources that would be something else. That of only 300 square miles. (Mexico's is 831,500 should contribute some of the mineral nation would gain the attention and respect square miles.) That is all: 300 square miles. wealth off their shores to a World Common of every nation in the Conference. That is an area smaller than Mexico City! At Heritage Fund. That Fund would be used But let me get back to my proposition that the other extreme is the small island nation most ot all to aid Third World development. sharing within the economic zone would be of Mauritius. Though Mauritius too is But it would also be used to protect the a wonderful thing for the human family as a smaller than Mexico City its zone is 345,000 ocean environment and to assist, in at least whole. Suppose, for example, that the Law of square miles, the 17th largest economic zone some measure, the expenses of the United the Sea Conference had followed the advice in the world. Nations. which Ambassador Pardo gave the UN Gen­ The general point I am making was very Let me hasten to add that I believe wealthy eral Assembly in 1967. If it had, there would well stated by Dr. Pardo in a lecture on coastal states should contribute a much be available now, in 1977, some twenty bil­ "Justice and the Oceans" at my university larger share of their offshore revenues to lion dollars a year from ocean mineral re­ just six weeks ago. That ali-day colloquium the world community than Mexico should. sources for international purposes. Twenty was held to honor the tenth anniversary of Personally, I favor the so-called Barba Negra billion dollars a year is a very large sum. It his historic "Common Heritage" address in Formula. According to that formula, each could be a major source of funding for de­ the United Nations General Assembly. In his coastal state would contribute between 1 velopment, for the fight against hunger and Villanova lecture Dr. Pardo called the re­ and 20 percent of its offshore (i.e. between diesase and poverty, the fight to build peace source zone in the ICNT "a monumental grab 12 & 200) mineral revenues to the Fund. and to save the endangered ecological sys­ for riches, unprecedented in world history." The size of the contribution would depend tem of our planet. Instead of depending on He said that as a result of that grab, "the on the per capita Gross National Product the charity of rich nations for development rich get richer, the poor remain poor and the of the nation in question. Thus nations such assistance, Third World countries would landlocked countries which, with few excep­ as the United States or Norway or Australia have a large and dependable sources of rev­ tions, are the poorest of the poor, become or Canada would contribute 20 percent of enue in the World Common Heritage Fund. poorer." their revenues. India would contribute 1 per­ Pardo's twenty billion dollars a year is at The Latin American nations want to help cent and Mexico between 2 and 3 percent. least sixty times the amount of annual com­ the Third World. They want to help the Most Third World nations would get more mon heritage revenues we can expect from human family. And obviously offshore shar­ from the Fund's five billion a year than the giveaway treaty now before the Confer­ ing would help immensely. But why should they would contribute to it. ence. That treaty, the Informal Composite the La tin countries make even the modest Yes. I am going to try to persuade you Negotiating Text (ICNT), may give the world contribution I have suggested? After all, they young men and young women of Mexico as much as $300 million dollars a year in are developing countries. My answer is that that if your great country would embrace 1987, ten years from now. That 300 million it is the only way to shame the rich nations this idea of sharing, Mexico could and, I be­ dollars a year can do next to nothing for into making the much larger contribution lieve, would change the course of world his­ the six billion people who will be living on that they should make. For the rich nations tory very quickly and very positively. Yes, this planet in 1987. really would prefer to keep all that money. a Mexican decision to back the sharing of Just think of that! The ICNT may give It would take imagination and courage for offshore revenues would make a major con- the world 300 million dollars a year in 1987. Mexico to change its position on the eco- 8932 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 5, 1978 nomic zone and to propose sharing, gradu­ litical parties, we became close personal Reubin Askew is again running against the ated sharing, within the zone. I am sure tllat friends. political tide across the South by taking a there would be strong opposition not only in firm stand against Florida's offering tax in­ Mexico, but in other Latin American states We both left the State senate in 1970, centives to new industry as a way to diversi­ as well. But if Mexico did take that bold and wh€n he was elected Governor and I to fy its economy-and to compete successfully statesmanlike course of action, it would, in Congress. Since that time, we have main­ with neighboring Georgia, Alabama and my judgment, transform the Conference and tained our friendship, and while notal­ South Carolina in doing so. insure that instead of being one more ways agreeing on every issue, we have The pressure on Askew on this issue Is triumph for nationalism; one more victory particularly intense because the last reces­ for the rich nations, the Conference would be worked closely together for the State of sion hit Florida much harder than most of a mighty step toward peace and toward Florida just as we did in the senate. It is the country. The unemployment rate ran justice, two things in which Mexico so pas­ always good to see a public official re­ above 11 percent overall and 25 percent in sionately believes. ceive recognition for the manner in the construction industry in a state whose Since I am urging change, radical change, whi:h he conducts his political career economy had come to rely on boom growth. in Mexican policy, I will conclude my lecture But although he is willing to concede a need by saying something about change and hu­ and I am particularly proud to see such "to take a more aggressive posture" in seek­ man psychology. Every once in a while a a deserving public servant and good ing more manufacturing, he is determined country or an individual does something very friend receive the recognition accorded that Florida will not become "an industrial daring, something very unexpected and some­ by Messrs. Germond and Witcover. Mr. state." thing very constructive. And because of that Speaker, I submit the column by Mr. "It would," he says with the gleam of the action the world is better off. It is a creative Germond and Mr. Witcover for the at­ true believer in his eye, "cease to be Florida." moment. Yes, every once in a while a nation The granting of moratoria on local prop­ or an individual-instead of persisting in a tention of my colleagues: erty taxes, the most popular device !or lur­ traditional path or a traditional position­ REUBIN ASKEW'S UNDENTED POPULA"RrrY ing industry to the South, repels Askew for takes a bold, new initiative. And that bold, DIDN'T COME FROM DODGING ISSUES two reasons. First, he says, it violates the new initiative transforms the problem and TALLAHASSEE, FLA.-Reubin Askew is one principles of "equity and fairness" because permits a new dialogue, a genuine human of the rare cases in American politics-the it gives the newcomers an advantage over in­ dialogue to take place where no real dialogue politician more sought than seeking, the dustry already established in the state. And was possible before. public official more effective than ambitious. second, Askew complains, diminishing the When Charles de Gaulle decided to get At 49 he is finishing eight years as governor tax base of local government without provid­ out of Algeria we had such a creative mo­ of Florida-he is ineligible to seek another ing some revenue source in return amounts ment. We had similar creative moments when term-still remarkably popular with his con­ to irresponsibly mortgaging the future. John Kennedy proposed a treaty to stop the stituents and almost universally respected "What do you say to local governments that testing of nuclear weapons, when Richard within the political community. are elected 10 years from now?" he asks Nixon and Chairman Mao decided to meet tn A new opinion survey distributed by Gan­ rhetorically. Peking, when President Carter and President nett News Service this week shows 60 per­ Askew is convinced that Florida's location Torrijos decided to sign a new treaty on the cent of Florida's voters think he has done and its special environment are enough in Panama Canal. Just last month we witnessed an excellent or good job, only 5 percent a themselves, along with a vigorous selllng job the bold and courageous initiative of Presi­ poor one. Moreover, when the 1,013 re­ by state government, to attract enough new dent Sadat, an initiative which is radically spondents in the pool were asked what they manufacturers. "We want to make the state changing the nature of the Middle East prob­ liked about Reubin Askew, almost one in competitive," he says, "but we don't want lem and, it is to be hoped, making possible five replied that he was "honest," an extraor­ to handcuff the future." a just and lasting peace in that troubled part dinary response. Whatever the merits of the argument, what of the world. Like someone else we all know, Askew has is intriguing is that Reubin Askew is ending A Mexican initiative could make that kind always been a conspicuously moral public his career as governor as he began it--run­ of a difference in the Law of the Sea Con­ figure. His reputation as a non-smoking, ning against the trend of the moment while ference! non-drinking Sunday school teacher has maintaining an extraordinary political pop­ Well, I have waved my red fiag at you. But been a source of endless fascination for the ularity .• instead of charging at me you have been very press, particularly in Florida, where there is attentive. I really appreciate it. I have tried a long history of politicians who have been ARIZONA'S VOICE OF DEMOCRACY hard to appeal to your heads. But even more anything but shy about bellying up to the WINNER I have tried to appeal to your hearts. When trough. But unlike Jimmy Carter, Askew has I think of Mexico I think of a very talented not had to endure the accusation that his people. But I also think of Mexico as a coun­ reputation for morality is hypocritically in­ HON. MORRIS K. UDALL try with a very large heart and a very great consistent with a penchant for playing polit­ OF ARIZONA passion for justice. That is why I hope that ical hardball. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mexico will take this bold and creative initia­ Comparisons between Carter and Askew tive. If she does the Third World-and the have always been inevitable. They were both Wednesday, April 5, 1978 whole human family-will be in her debt.e elected to governorships in 1970 as mem­ bers-along with Dale Bumpers of Arkansas • Mr. UDALL. Mr. Speaker, Elizabeth and John West of South Carolina--of a Young Chu Pedro of Sierra Vista, Ariz., POLITICAL HISToRY OF REUBIN media-celebrated class of "New South" state is the Arizona winner of the Voice of ASKEW leaders. Askew became the keynote speaker Democracy Contest sponsored by the at the Democratic Convention two years Veterans of Foreign Wars. I would like later and his name was immediately thrust to present her winning speech: HON. C. W. BILL YOUNG into the speculation about who would ap­ MY RESPONSIBILITY TO AMERICA pear on the party's national ticket. OF FLORIDA America has developed its potentials im­ But Askew never wanted to play. He turned IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES measureably. It has surpassed the greatest aside feelers about the vice presidency, and hopes and expectations of our founding Wednesday, April 5, 1978 he refused to show any of the ambition that fathers. With each generation, America has sent Carter out on the road after the presi­ • Mr. YOUNG of Florida. Mr. Speaker, progressed and flourished. I believe that dency in 1974, the year in which Askew was there is a challenge issued to each new gen­ at a time when the news is once again elected for a second term with 61 percent eration. The challenge to preserve and per­ filled with negative items about some of the vote. And the more reluctantly Askew petuate America's achievements. My respon­ public figures, it is refreshing to read behaved as a national figure, the more sought sibillty to America is to actively, positively an occasional positive column about one after and mused over he became. meet that challenge and succeed. As the fu­ of our colleagues' political life. Such a His remarkable popularity in the state ture of America, I must realize the extent has not been simply a product, however, of of this responsib111ty and know how to ac­ column appeared in yesterday's Wash­ an ab111ty to avoid controversial issues. He complish it. ington Star in which columnists Jack ran originally on a platform calllng !or ex­ First, I am responsible to uphold our Germond and Jules Witcover recount a tensive corporate tax reform, then pushed •democratic principles, because democracy portion of the remarkable politi:::al his­ through an initiative to achieve it. In 1972 has been the core of America's success. tory of my good friend, Reubin Askew, he opposed a referendum against school bus­ Democracy built and maintained America. Governor of the State of Florida. Reubin ing and although it passed in a runaway, It has provided its citizens with the freedom and I served for many years together Askew came away unscathed, credited by to expand without limits, to be creative, to most accounts with sincerity of conviction be productive, and to prosper. I feel that in the Florida Senate. In spite of the fact if a misguided view. our present system of government is essen­ that we were members of different po- And in these final days of his stewardship, tial to perpetuate this growth. Therefore, April 5, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8933 I must strive to insure the preservation of alone death, whether or not they otherwise DR. EASYSCORE'S OPPONENTS the democratic principles. succeed. Second, I am responsible to never abuse The above are among the findings of a the privileges America offers. I believe that Rand Corporation study dealing with trans­ HON. ROBERT K. DORNAN each privilege is accompanied by the respon­ national terrorism, in which today the OF CALIFORNIA sibliity to use it wisely. We all must never seizure of hostages appears to be the dom­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES forget the values of freedom, equality, and inant mode. individuality. We, the people of America, Only bombing, more often used in acts of Wednesday, April 5, 1978 must never abuse the rights that make internal terror, equals kidnaping as a ter­ America great. rorist method. Students of the subject dis­ • Mr. DORNAN. Mr. Speaker, on Third, I am responsible to be worthy fac­ tinguish bombing as "disruptive terror," from March 16, I read into the CONGRESSIONAL ing the future challenge. I may be one seizure of hostages, which is termed "co­ RECORD an article which appeared in the among many millions, but I am still a part ercive terror." Los Angeles Times and which exposed of the great American force. I should expand Prepared by Brian Jenkins, an eminent the activities of the insidious drug­ myself as an individual. I must increase my authority on international violence, . the pusher doctors, the "Dr. Easyscores," as awareness level and develop into a person study deals with 77 transnational hostage they are termed by their addict patients. that would benefit America. incidents that took place between 1968 and Mountains are moved a stone at a time the end of 1975. In that article, the Times reporters re­ and if I am to preserve and strengthen U.S. diplomats and other U.S. representa­ vealed that, although less than 1 percent America, the best beginning is with myself. tives abroad have proven to be the most pop­ of California doctors are involved in Maintaining our democratic principles, ular targets of kidnapers, figuring in nearly writing prescriptions for anyone who realizing the values of my privileges and 40 % of an international hostage incidents can pay the fee, they account for about using it wisely, and improving the quality of between 1971 and 1977. Thirty U.S. officials 90 percent of the illegal supply of phar­ self; these are the three elements that were seized or kidnaped; six were murdered. maceutical drugs on the street. make up the mass of my responsibility to In all, during the 1968 to 1975 period, some I am happy to report to my colleagues America. With these three components, I am 250 persons lost their lives in terrorist confident that America will progress in the episodes. that the State of California, in part be­ future. But U.S. representatives weren't the only cause of this expose, has taken the first In conclusion, I feel overwhelming pride targets. Terrorists also captured foreign dip­ steps toward wiping out this practtce. in realizing that I am to be a part of that lomats, corporate executives, missionaries, The State has created a statewide strike progress. I forsee a promising future for and tourists. Their motive was thus to force whose goal is the elimination of the America that can only be derived from its heighten the drama of the episode, insuring practices of dope doctors. glorious, inspiring past, and it is my re­ maximum publicity and increasing their lev­ I ask that the Los Angeles Times ar­ sponsibility to make that vision a reality.e erage by placing human life in the balance. Jenkins confirms what has been widely ticle giving the details of this strike asserted among theorists of terrorism: that force and its first operations be re­ the release of terrorists already imprisoned printed in the REcoRD. I am certain that TERRORISM PAYS was the principal demand in two thirds of my colleagues here join me in wishing the cases studied. It is this statistical fact them quick and thorough success and in which forms the basis for recurrent proposals congratulating the fine report job done HON. TOM HAGEDORN that a mandatory death penalty holds out by the Times. OF MINNESOTA major possibilities for curbing transnational terrorism. The article follows: IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Reinforcing the above, the Rand Corpora­ STATE OPENS DRIVE AGAINST DRUG-PUSHING Wednesday, April 5, 1978 tion determined that, in the cases of ter­ PHYSICIANS rorists caught and tried, the average sentence (By Mike Goodman and George Reasons) e Mr. HAGEDORN . . Mr. Speaker, to has been only 18 months imprisonment. SACRAMENTo.--Creation of a statewide those wondering about the future of in­ Of 267 international terrorists captured strike force to put "every dope-pushing doc­ ternational terrorism, the following find­ since 1970, less than 50% were still behind tor in California out of business" was an­ ing of a study done for the Rand Corp. bars by the end of 1975. The eight Pales­ nounced Tuesday by officials of the state by Brian Jenkins, Janera Johnson, and tinian "Black Septem'!Jer" members who in medical board and the state Department of David Ronfeldt might prove enlighten­ March 1973 murdered our ambassador and Consumer Affairs. his deputy in Khartoum were sentenced to The strike force, comprising about two ing. On the basis of analyzing 77 inter­ life imprisonment, then deported from the dozen agents, began operations Tuesday by national hostage situations that occurred Sudan to Egypt, where they are reportedly temporary restraining orders to ban five between 1968 and 1975, the authors con­ living comfortably under "house arrest." doctors accused of drug trafficking from clude: Among other findings of the study are the practicing. Rough estimates as to the payoffs and risk following: An arrest warrant charging manslaughter involved in kidnapping indicate that the ter­ No-concession policies toward those hold­ was issued against a sixth doctor whose rorist tactic of seizing hostages for bargain­ ing hostages don't appear to have deterred patient had taken an overdose, and action ing or publicity purposes is far from being kidnapings. Anti-terrorist campaigns that to suspend or revoke the licenses of seven irrational, mindless, ineffective, or neces­ attack the organization and catch perpetra­ pharmacies was announced. sarily perilous. There is almost an 80% tors were concluded to hold more promise. The state's war against drug-pusher doc­ chance that all members of the kidnapping tors sprang from a Times series 10 days ago Each episode enjoys at least a 40 % chance which detailed the scope of the problem and team will escape death or capture, whether that all or some terrorist demand will be or not they successfully seize hostages. Once the state's failures in dealing with it. met, with a 36 % chance that every demand The Times' series disclosed that hundreds they make explicit ransom demands, there is will be accepted. a close to even chance that all or some of of doctors have become the main 1llegal sup­ those demands will be granted and virtually When terrorists ask only for safe passage pliers of dangerous drugs to thousands of a 100 % probability of achieving worldwide or elsewhere for themselves or others, includ­ young people across the state. at least national publicity. ing prisoners, they have an 86 % chance of Richard Spohn, director of the Department success. of Consumer Affairs, called The Times' series Until civilized society is able to alter Even if every demand is rejected, based on a "high public service" during a capitol press the cost-benefit equation that the Rand these 77 cases, terrorists enjoy a 60 % chance confere~ce. study demonstrates exists, it does not of escape by accepting safe passage else­ Spohn said the campaign, called "Opera­ seem likely that levels of international where or by surrendering to a sympathetic tion DOPE" will continue "until every one terrorism will be reduced. Following are foreign government such as Algeria, South of the dope-pusher doctors in California is Yemen, Iraq, or Libya, which in the past out of business." the remarks of Col. R. D. Heinl, Jr., U.S. have served as terrorist sanctuaries. Marine Corps

TABLE I.-CURRENT PICK-SLOAN MISSOURI RIVER BASI N ?ROGRAM

Acres to rece iv'l water Irrigation Irrigation water ---­ allocation llltimate Percent of (1 ,000 Energy peak demand land State Full Supplemental acre-ft) (1,000 kWh) (kilowatts) developed

North Dakota. ___ -- ___ ---_.-- ______---.-.-.------.------1, 077,300 ------2, 670 305, 800 178, 600 I. 3 South Dakota ______--__--_----- _____ - - - __ -- ______--- ___ --- __ ---- ______- __ - _- __ __ 570, 600 66, 100 1, 090 3, 0, 800 170, 200 13. 0 Montana _____ --- __ __------516, 300 274, 400 780 37, 200 21 , 050 10. 0 Wyom ing ______----_--_---- ______------_- ___ ---_------_----- 304, 700 71, 600 280 33, 400 10, 800 20. 0 Colorado ___ ------____ ---- _____ ----- ______101, 300 1, 700 250 ------Nebraska------______-- - ______------______989. 400 19, 900 2, 250 47, 380 30, 300 7. 7 Kansas ___ --- __ ------___ ------______~ ______193, 300 150 480 5, 823 5, 250 50. 0

TABLE II supplement 1,700)? liow were the water al­ of some units not originally included under locations derived? the act, and (4) preclusion of development Acreage totals envisioned to be irrigated when ( 5) What acreages are included in the of some units by environmental concerns. P-S MRBP was authorized in the Flood 13 % of the South Dakota land which is No units included in the 1944 act have been Control Act of 1944 identified as having been developed? "deauthorized." liowever, Public Law 88-442 ( 6) Could you provide a. listing of the requires further action by the Congress be­ acreages of each of the seven states for Pick­ fore future units can be constructed. Yellowstone River Ba- Sloan Missouri River Basin reservoir facil­ 2. State acreage totals were determined by sin: (Wyo.-Mont.) ___ 509, 560 204, 500 ities? adding the acreages of the individual units Upper Missouri River TABLE ll included in the "current" Pick-Sloan Mis­ Basin: (Above Ft. (1) Why do the acreage totals (4,547,420 souri Basin Program. Peck-liunt) ------460,900 208,700 acres to receive full supply and 435,004 acres Upper Missouri River to receive supplemental water) differ from 3. The following acreages are included in Basin: (Ft. Peck to the totals derived by adding these columns the totals for South Dakota: Sioux City) ______2,292,900 in Table I? Niobrara, Platte and (2) In the reference to "Ft. Peck-liunt" Irriga.tion acreages Kansas River Basins_ 1, 284,060 21,804 under "(2) Upper Missouri River Basin" we are unfamiliar with '.'liunt". To what does Supple­ Total envisioned it refer? Unit Full mental acreages ----- 4, 547, 420 435, 004 (3) Why are there no acres listed to re­ ceive supplemental water from Ft. Peck to Oahe (initial)------­ 190,000 1 Acres to receive full supply. Sioux City when in Table I, South Dakota is Oahe (future)------305,000 2 Acres to receive supplemental water. listed to receive supplemental water for Fort Thotnpson ______5,900 Grass Rope ______• TABLE III 66,100 acres? 4,100 ( 4) liow were the acreage totals listed in Private (non-Federal) irrigated acreages- Greenwood ------3,500 Table II derived and how were specific acre­ Iron Nation ______1,700 1975 ages to be irrigated identified? State Acres LaRoche ------­ 1,800 1,850,000 TABLE UI Pollock-lierreid ------15,000 Montana. ------Rousseau ------­ 2,200 Wyoming ------­ 510,000 How were these acreages determined? Can 120,000 you furnish a. breakdown of acreages irri­ Tower ------­ 1,400 North Dakota ------­ Yankton ------­ 1,590 South Dakota. ------173,000 gated in each of these states from ground water as compared to surface supplies? Why VVagner ------­ 19,500 Belle Fourche Pumping __ 2,653,000 were Colorado, Nebraska., and Kansas omitted 4, 600 Total ------12, 100 from this table? Could you furnish similar AngosturaPine Ridge ______------_ FEBRUARY 15, 1978. information for them? 6,900 Mr. DANIEL P. BEARD, Belle Fourche (Keyhole)_ 57,200 A copy of your letter and the enclosures Rapid Valley ______8,900 Assistant Secretary for Land and Water a.re enclosed for your convenience. Thank you Resources, Department of the Interior, for your prompt consideration. 1 575,340 66,100 Bureau of Reclamation, Washington, Sincerely, D.C. JAMES ABDNOR, DEAR MR. BEARD: The information for­ Member of Congress. 1 Note the slight change in the total for warded with your letter of December 23, 1977, full service irrigation acreage, due to an was sincerely appreciated. I hope that it has UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT arithmetic error in the original submission. or will come to the attention of all the ap­ OF THE INTERIOR, Please make the change in Table I of the propriate officials in the Administration so BUREAU OF RECLAMATION, original submission. Note also that this cor­ that they might be aware of the magnitude Washington, D.C., March 14, 1978. rection reduces the percent of land devel­ of the Federal Government's outstanding lion. JAMES ABDNOR, oped for South Dakota. from 13 to 12.2. commitments under the Miseouri Basin Pro­ House of Representatives, gram. 4. Irrigation water requirements per acre Washington, D.C. vary widely from unit to unit because they It would, of course, also be interesting to DEAR MR. ABDNOR: This is in response to are based on such variables as: ( 1) average have a personal statement from each of your letter of February 15 to Deputy Assist­ annual precipitation, (2) length of growing these officials with reference to their personal ant Secretary Daniel P. Beard enumerating season, (3) cropping patterns, (4) soil com­ position as to whether these commitmer-ts several questions about information pre­ position and permeab111ty, and (5) type of should be reneged upon. For the present, viously provided to you regarding irrigated irrigation systetns utilized. The water allo­ however, I will settle for responses to the acreages in the Pick-Sloan Missouri River cations listed in Table I are not official al­ following quesions raised by the information Basin Program. locations, but are made by applying the ap­ you supplied: The enclosed responses are in the order propriate per acre water requirements to the TABLE I of the questions submitted and will supple­ acreage of each unit and then summarizing (1) "Current Pick-Sloan Missouri River ment the information provided in tables I, them by States. Basin Progra.m"-What determines the "cur­ II, and III of Mr. Beard's December 23, 1977, 5. The following acreages in South Dakota rent" program? Was it not specifically au­ letter to you. are identified as having been developed: thorized in 1944? lias any portion of it been Sincerely yours, dea.uthorized? CLIFFORD I. BARRETT. (2) liow were the state acreage totals de­ (For R. KEITH HIGGINSON, Supple­ tennined? Commissioner). Full mental (3) What acreages are included in the 570,- TABLE I Unit acres acres 600 acres to receive full water service in S.D. 1. For presentation in Table I, acreage and the 66,100 to receive supplemental water? totals envisioned to be irrigated under the Angostura ------12, 100 ( 4) Why do the state irrigation water al­ Flood Control Act of 1944 have been altered Rapid Valley------8,900 location totals not appear to correspond di­ since that date to acreages included in the Bell Fourche (Keyhole) ___ _ 57,200 rectly to the number of acres to be irrigated "current" program. Adjustments include: (e.g., Wyoming-280,000 af to irrigate 304,700 (1) private irrigation development of some 6. The following is a list of acreages of acres and supplement 71 ,600 and Colorado- of the units, (2) determination of low bene­ each of the seven States for Pick-Sloan Mis­ 250,000 a.f to irrigate only 101,300 acres and fit-cost ratios on some units, (3) inclusion souri Basin Program reservoir facilities. April 5, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8937 These totals include both Bureau of Recla­ power and the poor man's craving for human rights in Cuba since 1962. In mation and Corps of Engineers faclllties: food. compiling and issuing the documented PICK-SLOAN FACILITIES ACREAGE TOTALS, The Hebrew people are not the only report, the Commission was responding DECEMBER 1976 fellowship within our world community to a great number of allegations which Total acreage to suffer the infirmities of slavery, but had been made against the Cuban Gov­ Colorado------7,229 they have been and continue to be vic­ ernment just since 1970, the date of the Kansas------·------76, 242 timized the longest. In recent days, the Commissions last report. ~ontana ------723, 174 The Commission noted that it had­ Nebraska------83,898 Soviet Union has provided further illus­ North Dakota------648, 869 tration to its systematic insensitivity to ... continued (since 1970) to receive com­ South Dakota______536, 875 the needs, aspirations, and dignity of its munications from persons and agencies com­ plaining of numerous specific cases of viola­ VVyonaing ------110,240 own citizens, and of Jews in particular. tions of the right set forth in the American The Conference of Jewish Activists in Total (rounded)------2, 187,000 Declaration of the Rights and Duties of ~n Van Nuys, Calif., continues to address (Bogota 1948). In addition, it has received TABLE II itself to this, fighting on behalf of this other reports, which, together with the ex­ 1. The acreages listed in Table II are those era's greatest example of civil repression. tensive documentation in the Commissicm's envisioned in the 1944 act while those listed A statement released by the CJA con­ files, support the assumption that, in the in Table I are adjusted as indicated in the cerning the March 8 incident in which 23 last 5 years, such violations are far !rona de­ answer to question No. 1, Table I. Soviet women were arrested for voicing creasing, and arbitrary and excessively strict 2. The reference to "Ft. Peck-Hunt" is a procedures continue, particularly in the typographical error. It should be "Ft. Peck­ their beliefs is concise, but it is eloquent. treatment of political prisoners, with com­ ~ont." I request that it be included in the plete disregard for the dignity of human 3. Table II shows acreage totals originally RECORD, and I urge my colleagues to re­ beings. envisioned under the Flood Control Act of flect on it. I ask them to consider whether 1944. Those acreage totals have been revised or not all of us are doing enough to con­ The statements contained in the Com­ to the totals shown in Table I due to the vince the Soviet authorities that the con­ mission's report depict a most unhappy reasons listed under the answer to question life in Cuban prisons. A group of pol­ No. 1, Table I. As originally envisioned, no tinued repression of the rights of its citi­ zens is not worth its while. I ask them itical prisoners from Boniato Prison in acreages to receive supplenaental water were Oriente province wrote in 1974 that they anticipated in the Ft. Peck to Sioux City to consider whether or not by relative area. inaction, too many of us are standing in had been totally cut off from their fami­ ly and friends for 2 years and confined 4. The acreage totals listed in Table II the way of the next great exodus of our were taken from Senate Docunaent No. 191, time. in small, unsanitary rooms- dated April 1944. That document also lists The statement follows: ... without sun, without light, in constant acreages for individual units conaprising the semidarkness, alnaost blind and strictly pro­ EXODUS, 1978 totals. Note that the following basin should hibited from receiving naedical assistance of have been included in the original subnais­ On ~arch 8, 1978, twenty-three Soviet any kind or any medicaments, we are being sion. Please include the following with Table women, so-called "dissidents," made an ap­ submitted to the most inhumane and heart­ II in the original submission, bringing total peal to the women of the world and, specifi­ less plan of physical annihilation and bi­ envisioned acreages to 4,760,400 full supply cally, to Queen Elizabeth II of England, and ological experimentation ever known in the and 446,304 to supplemental water: to the First Lady of the United States of history of the VVestem VVorld. Russian, Czech (5) ~inor VVestern Tributaries, full sup­ America, Rosalynn Carter, to aid them in and Cuban communist doctors direct this Ex­ ply, 212,986; supplemental water, 11,300. their attempts to emigrate to Israel. VVhen termination and Experimentation Plan. they tried to demonstrate peacefully in ~os­ TABLE III cow, they were brutally suppressed and ar­ Details of these allegations can be The private irrigated acreages listed by rested by Soviet authorities. found in the Commission report and are State in Table III were obtained from State These women, representative of a far a sad story, indeed. As if these depriva­ publications. The infornaation needed to greater number of Soviet citizens, Jewish tions were not enough torture, the fully identify ground-water and surface­ and non-Jewish, have been refused the right prisoners conclude by saying that- water supply sources for those acreages is to know the reason why visas have not lacking at the present time. Also, infornaa­ vve have been beaten in a savage been issued to them. They have been denied and brutal manner, heads, faces and arms tion was not available on the privately irri­ the right to emigrate, and as a result of their gated acreages for the States of Colorado, have been broken by sticks and iron bars, requests to emigrate have been denied the systematically, cell by cell. Kansas, and Nebraska at the tinae of the right to work in the Soviet Union. Their original submission. However, we have since only "crinae" is their sincere desire to join The Commission also devoted a section located infornaation with which to make their fanailies and to raise their children of its report to the treatment of women estimates of the acreages in these States. in the Jewish tradition in the State of Israel. in Cuban prisons. The treament of wom­ The totals include acreages only for those They were brave enough to place their areas of the States listed within the Pick­ en political prisoners, however, is no bet­ lives in jeopardy, and we, women of the Con­ ter than that accorded men. The report Sloan ~issouri River Basin program bound­ ference of Jewish Activists, have vowed a aries. Please add the following States and hunger strike to show our solidarity with concludes that: acreages to Table III of the original them and to aid in bringing their plight to Female political prisoners in Cuba con­ submission: the attention of the world. tinue to be submitted to cruel, inhunaan, PRIVATE (NON-FEDERAL) IRRIGATED ACREAGES and degrading treatment, ~nd are victims This great country was built by emigres of a prison regime which is incompatible State: Acres fleeing from persecution and injustice in Colorado------1,192,000 with their sex, and in which they are their native lands. Our first leaders devoted treated extremely harshly, without regard to Nebraska------5,064,000 themselves to the protection of basic human Kansas------2,940,000 their age, state of health, marital status, rights and not just to Realpolitik. Our pres­ or pregnant or postpartum condition. ent leader, President Jimmy Carter, on as­ suming office, pledged himself to fight for The conditions described by the Inter­ EXODUS, 1978 human rights throughout the world. VVe American Commission have been noticed now call upon him to fulfill that pledge, to by other international organizations, reestablish the United States of America as HON. ROBERT K. DORNAN champion of the oppressed, and to break his too. In March 1977, the International OF CALIFORNIA silence on behalf of Soviet Jews and all Rescue Committee, in an appeal for Cuban prisoners, said: IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES people of the Soviet Union who wish to enaigrate ! e But what is naost appalling in the case Wednesday, April 5, 1978 of Cuba's prisoners is the unconscionable • Mr. DORNAN. Mr. Speaker, what the length of incarceration those opposed to the POLITICAL PRISONERS IN CUBA government have to suffer. To them applies, United Nations Declaration on Human as we pointed out in an earlier statement, Rights calls "the freedom to leave," the whwt Andrei D. Sakharov said in his appeal freedom to emigrate from one place or HON. MILLICENT FENWICK for the prisoners of the Soviet Union: "Do country to another has undergone a par­ OF NEW JERSEY what you can, at least for some of the prisoners-the women, the old people, those ticularly rough time of it in this so-called IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES age of "detente." Like liberty itself, the who are ill, those who have been tried more freedom of exodus has been beset by its Wednesday, April 5, 1978 than once• ..." natural enemies, by ignorance and super­ • Mrs. FENWICK. Mr. Speaker, in June Mr. Speaker, I have been greatly dis­ stitution; by lust of conquest and by love 1976 the Inter-American Commission on turbed by these reports about Cuban of ease; by the strong man's craving for Human Rights issued its fifth report on prisoners of conscience and I hope our 8938 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 5, 1978 own Government will take Dr. Sak­ $250,000 to complete the definite plan report kota. They have agreed to try to deal with harov's words to heart in any pursuit of and the draft environmental impact their personnel problems and to contract a new relationship with Cuba.e statement. out for the necessary work to the degree pos­ I urge that an additional $250,000 be pro­ sible, so that this study can go forward. I vided to initiate the design and specification urge that an appropriate level of funding be SOUTH DAKOTA WATER PROJECT work, in order to maintain the most optimal provided. The Oahe Board will appear before FUNDING schedule on this 15,000-acre project. In view you later and address this study in more of the apparent loss of the 190,000-acre detail. · Oahe Unit, it seems to us that the most ex­ WATER SUPPLY STUDIES-EASTERN AND WESTERN HON-. JAMES ABDNOR peditious development of the Pollock-Her­ SOUTH DAKOTA OF SOUTH DAKOTA reid Unit is little to ask. The Corps of Engineers has capabilities LOWER JAMES APPRAISAL STUDY IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES totalling $600,000 to study the water supply Although the Administration budgeted no distribution and purification needs of my Wednesday, April 5, 1978 money for this study, Secretary Andrus said State. $250,000 would be used for investiga­ Mr. ABDNOR. Mr. Speaker, yesterday in response to written questions on this tions in the eastern half of South Dakota I appeared before the House Appropria­ hearing record that they "support and en­ (authorized by the House Public Works and courage" a study of the potential for a Transportation Commitee on September 23, tions Committee, Subcommittee on Pub­ diversion to the Lower James Conservancy 1976, Docket No. 2084). $350,000 could be lic Works, to request fiscal year 1979 Sub-District for irrigation and rural and devoted to similar studies covering the west­ funding for projects in South Dakota. municipal water supply purposes. ern region of the State (Docket No. 2064, Following is the text of my statement The Bureau of Reclamation has indicated September 23, 1976) . to the subcommittee: a capability of $200,000 under its general in­ These funds should be provided. Year in STATEMENT OF THE HONORABLE JAMES ABDNOR vestigations authorities to initiate this study and year out there is no more serious and To THE PUBLIC WORKS APPROPRIATIONS SUB­ in fiscal year 1979. Completion is estimated urgent problem facing my constituency than COMMITTEE, APRIL 4, 1978 to require four years and about $1 million, obtaining and maintaining a sufficient sup­ ply of good quality water. Indeed, numerous Mr. Chairman and members of the Sub­ and I urge that the full capabilities of the Bureau be funded so that the necessary in­ communities are using supplies which do not committee, $20 million for construction o! meet Federal quality standards. Others have the Qahe Unit, initial stage, as authorized in formation can be compiled as rapidly as possible. come perilously close to running out of water the Flood Control Act of 1944 and reauthor­ altogether, and many facilities have had to ized in 1968-that is what would have been One further note in this regard-you un­ required to maintain the construction doubtedly will receive testimony from others haul water on a continuing basis. schedule for this project. I wish it were in that the Bureau should be precluded from The Corps should assist the ongoing the President's Budget and that I could ask studying the possible use of the Blunt Res­ studies of potential solutions to these prob­ you to recommend that it be appropriated. ervoir in conjunction with the supply works lems in any way possible. Their investiga­ The potential annual economic benefits of for the Lower James diversion project. The tions should be coordinated with and com­ the Qahe Unit to South Dakota-estimated justification given will be that the Blunt pliment the following studies in particular: to equal the entire budget of the state's Reservoir is located within the Oahe Con­ (a) the mumcipal supply studies under the government-have not been diminished by servancy Sub-District, rather than the Lower auspices of the Bureau of Reclamation, (b) the criticism. Political realities prevent them James Sub-District, and there is local the WEB pipeline study, (c) the Chamber­ from being realized, though, and there is no opposition. lain-to-Sioux Falls pipeline study, (d) the West River Aqueduct study funded by the point in discussing this dilemma further I would not object to directing the Bureau Old West Regional Commission (OWRC), (e) here. to emphasize other potential diversion I've mentioned the $20 million figure be­ the study, also funded by OWRC, of possible schemes in their studies, but it seems to me multipurpose benefits associated with the cause it highlights how little we actually are it would be poor public policy to ask that a asking. In lieu of funding for continued con­ proposed Gregory County hydroelectric pow­ study be done in such a way as to ignore cer­ er dam, and (f) any local initiative to in­ struction of the Oahe Unit we are seeking tain important facts. Local opposition should initiation of studies which may lead to other vestigate construction of a rural water be noted in the study, and certainly it will system. projects which can muster the necessary local be noted if and when any potential project is support required for completion. Essentially, Funding has not been sought previously brought before Congress for authorization. for these studies because of the large num­ we are trying to pick up the pieces as best At the very least, though, information on the we can and salvage something of the com­ ber of related studies which are already mitment which was made to us in the Flood costs and other ramifications of the Blunt underway or have been completed. There Control Act of 1944. Reservoir supply works should be available has also been concern that the Corps has For the record I would like to reiterate that as a point of reference for comparison with concentrated too much on fiood control and South Dakota relinquished in excess of 500,- other diversion plans. not enough on rural and municipal water 000 taxable acres in order to provide fiood Again, I respectfully urge that $200,000 be supplies-even to the extent of maintaining control, hydropower, and navigation bene­ made available to initiate appraisal investi­ they were unable to participate in implemen­ fits to other states. In return we were to re­ gations into the proposed Lower James di­ tation o! single purpose water supply ceive assistance to develop our irrigation version unit of the Pick-Sloan Missouri Basin projects. potentials. Program. The Corps' deliberations on the Northeast The Federal Government has yet to live OAHE LAKE-SIDE IRRIGATION STUDY Water Supply System (NEWS) have deter­ up to that commitment, and I am submitting One of the major objections which has re­ mined there may be a. Federal interest in for the hearing file recent correspondence sulted in stoppage of the Oahe Unit is the implementation of such projects, however, with the Department of the Interior which lengthy canal system required to deliver wa­ and I am now requesting funding for the documents how great the disparity remains ter to the service area. The Oahe Conserv­ studies authorized for my State, based en the today between what we were promised and ancy Sub-District Board believes irrigation assumptions that (a) the Corps can partici­ what we have actually received. potentials in closer proximity to the water pate in implementation as well as study and With that background, I urge the Sub­ source, Lake Oahe, have not been adequately (b) these studies will not impede but rather committee to recommend funding for con­ investigated. I agree and support their pro­ compliment other studies. The Corps should struction on two relatively small projects in posed study of irrigation potentials in the place particular emphasis in these studies on South Dakota, for two studies to investigate six counties adjacent to the lake. possible means of financing the needed potential irrigation developments, and for The Administration has budgeted no developments. two studies of water supply problems in my money for this study, and the Bureau of Again, I urge an appropriation of $600,000 state. Reclamation has indicated it has no addi­ for these Corps of Engineer water supply The projects for which construction funds tional capabilities. They have no capabili­ studies. are requested are the Pollock-Herreid irri­ ties at least in part, though, because they STREAMBANK EROSION CONTROL gation unit and a streambank stabilization have committed most of the personnel which Finally, under Section 32 of the Water project on the Missouri River near Elk Point. had been assigned to the Oahe Unit to proj­ Resources Development Act of 1974, as The irrigation studies are those proposed by ects in other states. In our view it is bad amended, I respectfully request that $2,264,- the Lower James and the Qahe conservancy enough to lose the Oahe Unit, but then to be 000 be provided to establish a streambank sub-district boards. told that as a result the Bureau cannot help stabilization site at approximate mile 755.5 POLLACK-HERREID UNIT identify possible alternative projects is even on the South Dakota side of the Missouri For the Pollock-Herreid Unit of the Pick­ worse. River, near Elk Point, South Dakota. The Sloan Missouri Basin Program I respectfully There seems to be some recognition upon necessary funds should also be supplied to request that $500,000 be appropriated for the part of officials of the Department that do the Cedar County Park site on the Nebras­ fiscal year 1979. The Administration has they failed to give adequate attention to ka side (approximate river mile 798.5). limited its Budget request for thi project to the water development needs of South Da- These sites have been accorded priority !or April 5, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8939

fiscal year 1979 funding by the Missouri World War II, which is so patent that official This book, edited by Dr. Paul K. T. Sih, is River Bank Stabilization Association and, I Washington readily and repeatedly professes. both felicitous and important. It is felicitous believe, are within the capabilities of the During those war years we, as well as those in that it performs a much needed service Corps. who were genuinely sympathetic or pseudo­ of giving serious scholars of the present and I regret that my request of the Subcom­ sympathetic to China's war effort against of the future a definitive, saliently compre­ mittee seems to be rather long on study and aggression, tended to relate to or depict only hensive view of the herculean task that con­ rather short on implementation of needed the heroic aspects of the war vis-a-vis the fronted the Chinese people and Government water development projects. Given the pres­ devastating trauma and epochal challenge during the critical years-a view that was ent circumstances, however, there is little that confronted out people. Their ability to either muted or seldom given accurately by choice. With the exceptions of the Pollock­ cope and improvise to survive and carry on writers of the West for reasons best known to Herreid Unit and bank stabilization work, we under the most trying, hazardous and tragic themselves. It is important because it is must go back to the drawing boards to even conditions was undoubtedly ingenuity, with guileless. But ironically those who pettily begin to get a project to the implementation characteristics of hardiness of the highest cavilled or carped with a jaundiced eye un­ stage. Yet, water development retains the order. But in portraying the heroic, there wittingly paid tribute to our national effort highest priority among South Dakotans. was a very human foible to marvel ahd ad­ and the National Government, for people Given the repeated ravages of drought, the mire a bevelled and slanted view of the whole with acuity were able to compare contradic­ uncertainty of water supplies, and the reali­ closing off the mind to the misery, disloca­ tions as well as to read between the lines. ties of poor quality water, we really have tion and disorientJ.tion of the emotional, The patriotism of our people and the un­ little choice. (I am furnishing for the hear­ psychosomatic being as an individual and to failing total effort and uncompromising cor­ ing record copies of Senate Concurrent Reso­ the person's relationship with his family, so porate will and leadership ln every echelon lution No. 15, passed by the South Dakota very paramount in our mores and tradition. of the Government, barring the Quislings, all Legislature, and editorials from our state's Translated into everyday life, it spelled in­ worked and labored in our resistance against two largest newspapers, all expressing our security, degradation of morality, agony and Japanese aggression. great interest in water development.) sudden death. In short the uprooting of a I have only admiration for the Chinese pro­ way of life that is antithetical to normality. fessors and scholars who participated in this With the loss of the Oahe Unit we have compilation. They contributed their knowl­ been temporarily stymied, but we hope not For the Government, it was faced with an unprecedented situation of raging ferocity edge and understanding to this important stopped, in our quest to realize the great symposium with much success, based on ac­ water resource development benefits which and enveloping magnitude, unknown to China throughout her history. Invasions in counts of official documents and of those who beckon and tantalize us in the four huge were actual participants of project and dams and reservoirs on the Missouri River in China's history in comparison were more gradual, for they did not affect and involve events, not on guesswork or fantasy. For my state. Your favorable consideration of theirs were the most telling accounts predi­ these requests for fiscal year 1979 funding so many people in so many areas. Refuge and enough time could always be had to evade cated either upon U.S. and Russian published will help us get back on the track toward a sources by the respective governments or better future-and in South Dakota, believe the "eye" of the storm. It was much more difficult to avoid the path of an onslaught upon writings by objective third party me, that means development of our water sources. I should think that this "URSTOFF" resources. with the advent of intensive destructive fire power and the various means of efficacious would obviate any further queries of their Mr. Chairman and members of the Sub­ impeccability. As to any doubts cast, they committee, thank you.e delivery. In every sense, China's ship of des­ tiny was sailing in uncharted waters, given came from the realm of deliberative SPECU­ the fact that no two experiences were en­ LATION. They were effectively and amply re­ tirely analogous, let alone the reality of con­ futed by others as well as by Professor Liang tending with an extremely efficient and ag­ in his "Further Observations." Therefore I ANOTHER VIEW OF THE SINO­ gressive war machine, notably Japan, one shall not dwell on them. As all the idle gossip JAPANESE WAR of the Big Four Powers of that day. and overzealous speculations have been put Having lost all her seaports and having to rest, we for our part do not condone much of her coastline blockaded, China evanescent rumors, persiflage and hearsays, HON. JOSEPH P. ADDABBO which are unworthy of schoars when they fought with demode equipment and meagre some to contend with solid facts.e OF NEW YORK back-up industrial capabilities. Her plight IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES was not only exacerbated by the fact that in themselves most of the resources capable Wednesday, April 5, 1978 of meeting her war needs were woefully RECOGNIZING THE CONTRIBUTIONS limited. It must also be borne in mind that OF GEN. THADDEUS KOSCIUSZKO • Mr. ADDABBO. Mr. Speaker, a mem­ the peculiar circumstances then extant was ber of my constituency, Paul K. T. Sih, the accumulated bane of civil wars, war­ a vice president for international studies lordism, extraterritoriality, foreign infringe­ HON. BENJAMIN A. GILMAN and education and the director of the ment upon her sovereignty, and the preced­ Center for Asian Studies, at St. John's ing long tenure of general decadence and OF NEW YORK University of Jamaica, N.Y., has written political somnolence under the Manchus. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES a book entitled Nationalist China during Only with the establishment of the National Monday, April 3, 1978 the Sino-Japanese War. 1937-45. Government were we on the road to becom­ ing a nation-state. I emphasize the word e Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Speaker, I would In response to the book Madame ''becoming." like to join my colleagues in supporting Chiang Kai-shek has written him a letter Improvisations and ingenuity in them­ the resolution offered by Mr. MINISH and with a review highly praising the volume. selves, helpful as they may be, were logisti­ Mr. ANNUNZIO commemorating and rec­ It states further that it represents an ef­ cally not enough, which prompted Western ognizing the contributions of Thaddeus fort to redress an imbalance that has military experts to predict that our war of resistance would be finished-"kaput"-in Kosciuszko. House Concurrent Resolu­ been often unfavorable in the eyes of tion 359 seeks recognition of the contri­ Madame Chiang. three months. We managed not only to sur­ vive but tied down over 1,300,000 Japanese butions of this noble patriot from Poland I include the letter from Madame troops in the China War Theater who would by encouraging the Federal Government Chiang, along with a short synopsis of the surely have been used against the U.S., and State governments to mark the book by Mr. Sih, into the RECORD: Great Britain and Russia. In this sense, both "Kosciuszko military sites" and to bring It would be temerity, if not otiosity, to knew better than the mindless to belittle attention to the military engineering tal­ say that one volume of collected writings on China's war effort. ents that the general shared with the the Sino-Japanese War 1937-1945 would be Pearl Harbor, the fall of the vaunted im­ American Continental Army during our sufficient to cover all phas-es of that period pregnable fortress Singapore, the sinking of from the searing scars and incalculable dam­ the dreadnaughts Prince of Wales and the revolution for freedom. age Japan inflicted upon China politically, Repulse in short order, and the successive fall It is not very often that a Congress­ militarily, socially, culturally, industrially of the Philippines, Malaya, the Indonesia Ar­ man has the opportunity to lay claim to and economically to the loss of the millions chipelago and much of Micronesia in Japan's any contributions of a "real life hero." of innocent lives due directly or indirectly to grand sweep of expansionism and feat of But in the case of General Kosciuszko, I this savage war. Very few in the Free World arms stunned and bewildered . the Allied have the privilege of representing con­ realized then what the aftermath impact of World. Overnight, the Superior critical Col­ stituents who live in the towns where the loss of mainland China would have on onel Blimp syndrome changed. I am recall­ the future of the world at large because of ing the above background in order to bring Kosciuszko visited and lived, and have the total passing of Pax Britannica, begin­ into better focus the fact how wrong experts the privilege of representing West Point, ning with World War II, and the ever dimin­ can be in assessments of others as well as of a military institution which the general ishing influence of the United States after themselves. fortified and where he formedt lifelong 8940 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 5, 1978 friendships. The town of Newburgh and of women, Knoxville College, Knoxville, THE STATE FAILS TO SAVE A SUFFERING CHILD the Military Academy at West Point rep­ Tenn.; English and drama professor, (By Stephen P. Morin) resent some of the work and aspirations Benedict College, Columbia, S.C.; and PROVIDENCE.-It was to have been 18- of General Kosciuszko. assistant registrar, Morgan State Uni­ month-old Shawn Waite's first Saturday He came to America in August of 1776 versity, Baltimore, Md. Dr. Dedmond's night stay with his mother in eight months. And Barbara Tiexeira, Shawn's foster and left a legacy of loyalty and dedica­ total years of service to developing and mother since he was taken from his home tion. General Kosciuszko has become a shaping young minds at black colleges because of suspected child abuse, was symbol of the generosity and friendship throughout America amounts to over worried. that the Polish are known for. He was 41 years, which will always remain as a It was late in the afternoon of last Oct. 8 one of America's earliest and most ded­ benchmark for those of us who. believe when Mrs. Teixeira arrived at the Waite icated friends, wholeheartedly contribut­ that the children are our future. apartment on Harrison Street. ing his engineering and military knowl­ Although her primary occupation was She felt something was wrong. edge. She knocked on the outside door and a in higher education, Dr. Dedmond's un­ friend tooted a car horn. There was no Missions that he sought and accom­ swerving commitment to black youth answer. plished included the fortification of the prompted her to put forth a herculean She tried to look into windows, but the Delaware River, building of the West effort on their behalf through partici­ shades were drawn. She banged on the door Point fortifications, and eventually, Gen­ pation in countless numbers of local, again. The car's horn blared. eral Kosciuszko went on to engineer the State, and national organizations. It was Finally, the door cracked open. Shawn's victory at Saratoga. through the Alpha Kiappa Alpha Soror­ mother, Rose Waite, appeared "What do you ·As is the case in the instances of real want?" she asked. ity, Inc., that Dr. Dedmond played a "I want to say good night to Shawn," life heroes, Kosciuszko was a private and major role as one of the incorporators Mrs. Teixeira said. "Can I see him?" serious man who was deeply dedicated to of the Cleveland Job Corps Center, Shawn was carried to the cluttered living the ideals of freedom and liberty. He re­ Cleveland, Ohio, a $4.5 million enter­ room. He seemed lethargic. His !ace appeared turned to his native land to assist the prise funded by the Federal Government, swollen and his eyes looked red !rom crying. Polish people in obtaining their freedom. which is the only job corps center in the But he managed a faint smile when he saw His bravery and commitment in this country managed by a women's organi­ his foster mother. fight, however, proved futile, and Kos­ zation. Mrs. Teixeira smelled beer on Shawn's ciuszko died in Switzerland in 1817. breath. The tribute in Dr. Dedmond's honor "You been giving him beer?" she asked. What we have learned from General by hundreds of friends and admirers is Rose Waite nodded. Yes. Kosciuszko surely merits recognition. testament to the outstanding and par­ Shawn wrapped his tiny arm around Mrs. Both material and spiritual legacies are ticularly unselfish accomplishments of Teixeira's neck. He put his head on her ours, and it is fitting that the Govern­ Dr. Dedmond. Such a tribute is truly shoulder. ment should honor this brave Polish pa­ deserving and long overdue. However, When she asked him to "kiss mum," Shawn triot. His generous and willing spirit en­ I am convinced that, before the cheers turned toward his mother. He stared at her abled the Americans to manage victories have ceased to ring, Dr. Flossie Dedmond, with heavy, almond eyes. And then he kissed during the War for Independence, and Mrs. Teixeira on the cheek. a life member of the NAACP and the When it was time for Mrs. Teixeira to go, without the leadership and expertise that National Council of Negro Women, will Shawn didn't want to leave her arms. He General Kosciuszko offered, these battle have marked even further on her pil­ cried. He kicked. He dug his tiny fingernails victories may not have been possible. grimage on behalf of black youth, pro­ into her skin. Let us join together in honoring this viding a powerful beacon in the midst Rose Waite had to pin Shawn between her general by adopting House Concurrent of despair.• knees to keep him !rom clawing his way Resolution 359 which recognizes his sig­ back to his foster mother. nificant contributions to our Nation and Mrs. Teixeira closed the door behind her. to the world. This man's accomplish­ It was difficult. PROTECT, NOURISH, AND PRE­ "I didn't want to leave him there. Almost ments are even more relevant today as SERVE OUR YOUNG every night for eight months he had slept we recognize the contributions of all of with us. He was like my own and I didn't the ethnic groups that make up our great !eel right about leaving him with Rose." Nation and the reawakening of their HON. EDWARD P. BEARD Four hours later, Shawn Waite was dead. ethnic pride. • OF RHODE ISLAND Shawn would have celebrated his second birthday today. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES He loved orange Popsicles, chocolate chip Wednesday, April 5, 197 8 cookies and Saturday morning TV cartoons. IN HONOR OF DR. FLOSSIE e Mr. BEARD of Rhode Island. Mr. THERE WAS A DARKER SIDE DEDMOND Speaker, tragedy struck Rhode Island in And although he could barely walk, Mrs. Teixeira-the woman who knew him best­ the death of an 18-month-old infant, sensed he would accomplish great things. HON. PARREN J. MITCHELL Shawn Waite. If his North Burial Ground But there was a darker side to Shawn OF MARYLAND tombstone could talk, it would tell of a Waite's short life. It was one twisted by the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES collapse of our protection system. The !ear and violence of child abuse. history of the child's existence leaves a He cowered when adults raised their voices. Wednesday, April 5, 1978 gnawing feeling in the social conscience His mother's appearance sent shudders of those who had the courage to read through his body and he would scream un­ e Mr. MITCHELL of Maryland. Mr. controllably. Speaker, on Friday, April 7, 1978, I will the Providence Evening Bulletin article Police have charged Shawn's mother and join many of the citizens of Baltimore at on Thursday, March 23, 1978, by Stephen natural !ather with his murder. a testimonial dinner honoring Dr. Flossie P. Morin. Some police say they wish they could Dedmond. Dr. Dedmond is widely known Shawn Waite's life and death com­ charge the system, too. They blame Child in Baltimore as an outstanding college mand us as a society to examine our con­ Welfare Services--entrusted with Shawn's administrator and educator, and I am science, develop answers, and implement protection for eight months-with being proud to call her my friend. She retired programs to protect, nourish, and pre­ more concerned with paperwork based on on September 1, 1977, after 31 years of serve our young. Child advocacy is para­ guesses than with the youngster's fate. continuous service to Coppin State Col­ mount, if our Nation is to be an example The system didn't beat him, police admit. lege in Baltimore, where she was serving But they feel it just stood by, like an uncar­ of an enlightened democratic civiliza­ ing spectator watching a murder. as dean of the division of arts and tion. Our care must be demonstrated by sciences at her retirement. ''The system just gobbled him up and sp.ft legislative action. Newspaper headlines him out--dead," said a craggy-faced, veteran Dr. Dedmond's contribution to higher across the country reflect that this in­ police detective. He was almost moved to education included, in addition to her cident is not an isolated case. As you read tears at the sight of Shawn's beaten body 31 years of service to Coppin State Col­ the following, I know that you will share lying in the morgue at St. Joseph's Hospital. lege, outstanding service as registrar, in my indignation and resolve to improve "What do they care? I got a call the day Allen University, Columbia, S.C.; dean the quality of life for children. after Shawn died. The guy says he's Shawn's April 5, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8941 court guardian. I was so mad all I could When she started to leave, he'd grin and the primary suspected abuser-was no longer say was 'Where the hell were you?'" spit out the word again. living with Mrs. Waite. Nearly all of Shawn's 18 months was a His favorite game was "kiss mum." When At about 10:30 in the morning of Oct. 8, struggle. Mrs. Teixeira said those words, Shawn would Mrs. Waite came to the Teixeira home to Hospital records show that during his life, toddle over and smack her on the cheeks with pick up Shawn for his first weekend over­ he suffered at least five broken ribs. his lips. Then he'd laugh. night stay in eight months. His left forearm was fractured. HE BECAME AN EMBRYO AGAIN Mrs. Teixeira wasn't there. Her daughter, He had a broken thigh. Barbara. Lee, tried to hand Shawn over to There were times when Shawn didn't his mother. The roof ot his mouth had been left raw laugh. with second-degree burns. When people got angry, he'd hunch his HE DID NOT WANT TO GO During different examinations, doctors shoulders, tuck his arms over his chest and But he didn't want to go. He screamed and found extensive bruises on his back, legs and draw up his knees. He became an embryo scratched her back and neck as she pulled arms. again, protecting himself from the bumps of him toward his mother. "FAILURE TO THRIVE" NOTED a cruel world. "He was all right until he saw his mother," One doctor asked why Shawn had such a If a sharp word was aimed at him, Shawn Barbara Lee told police. "He started crying "profuse, yellowish-white" bruise on his would duck away. Sometimes he'd cry. Some­ when he saw her. He cries all the time when back. His mother replied she had been try­ times he'd just hide. he sees his mother." ing to relieve chest congestion. One of his biggest fears was seeing his When she returned from a visit with her A month later, doctors saw another back mother. When she came to visit him at Mrs. sister, Mrs. Teixeira began worrying. She bruise. This one was shaped like a hand. Teixeira's house, he'd often become detached wanted to make sure Shawn was okay. At 14 weeks, Shawn weighed 11 pounds, 7 and hypnotic. Between 4:30 and 5 that afternoon, she ounces. At 28 weeks, he weighed 11 pounds, He'd stare at nothing for long periods of hugged Shawn in Mrs. Waite's living room. He 3 ounces. The doctors noted, euphemistically, time as if no one else was there. seemed tired and scared. But there was noth­ Shawn's "failure to thrive." Judge DiPetrillo's May 12 order increased ing she could do. On Feb. 4, 1977, Rhode Island Hospital the number of hours Rose Waite could come It was the last time she saw Shawn Waite staffers first suspected Shawn was a child­ in contact with Shawn. alive. abuse \"ictim. They saw he was suffering from On June 30, the judge again increased her "There is nothing we could have done to dehydration. One of his legs was bruised visiting time. She could now take Shawn prevent Shawn Waite's death," insisted Mar­ and swollen; his mother said he had slipped for a full day without supervision. garet M. McDonald, the director of Child between crib railings. His order was based on a report submitted Welfare's protective services unit. Besides finding other bruises, doctors ob­ by Shawn's social worker, Dennie Grenier, "You have to realize the torment our so· served that 10-month-old Shawn was the which noted that Mrs. Waite was regularly cial workers go through when they lose one height of a baby seven months old and the attending her counseling sessions. of their children. They suffer. And they weight of one three months old. Grenier's report did not say if Mrs. Waite begin to question themselves and their abili­ The hospital called the protective unit of was making progress during the session. He ties. It's not easy," she said. the Child Welfare Services Division of the didn't know. That information is regarded In 1977, her agency handled some 200 Department of Social and Rehabilitative as confidential between counselor and pa­ cases of child abuse. Five youngsters-in­ Services. tient. cluding Shawn Waite-were killed. That was Shawn was admitted to the hospital and a The report also expressed Child Welfare's a record number for Rhode Island. 72-hour "hold" was ordered, preventing his underlying philosophy: a child should have Mrs. McDonald refused to talk about mother and natural father, Robert L. Lewis, as much contact ~ possible with his real Shawn's case. from taking him home. fainily, even if they have been suspected of "I'm not going to sit here and second­ A social worker talked to doctors. He abusing him. guess one of my social workers," she said. looked at Shawn's bruises. He gave the Fam­ Mrs. Teixeira worried. But John J. A1Heck, director of the De­ ily Court a report three days later asking it After just an afternoon with his parents, partment of Social and Rehabilitative Serv­ to remove Shawn from the custody of his the boy would return with bruises. He would ices, said Grenier based his reports and rec­ parents. limp. His lip would be cut and swollen. ommendations to Family Court on "pro­ CO"L'RT APPOINTED GUARDIAN Rose Waite said Shawn cut his lip when he fessional judgment and experience." bumped into a table. Another time, she said "He did not go flying blind," Affieck in­ Judge Jacob J. Alprin appointed a court the bruises on his head and back were from guardian for Shawn on Feb. 8, 1977. sisted. a fall down the front steps. Affieck said, "More than nine times out Two days later, he received the formal She had a hard time explaining a large Child Welfare petition. He continued the of 10 you gotta be right in these cases. blue-white bruise on his lower back two Unfortunately, in this particular one, we case to Feb. 17, when another judge Carmine months before he died. Like the mark R. DiPetrillo, put Shawn in the temporary made the wrong decision." doctors had noted several months before, However, he said that "even with hind­ custody of the state. the bruise was in the shape of a hand. DiPetrillo ordered that visits from Shawn's sight, I find nothing that would compel me parents be supervised and permitted only at SOCIAL WORKER DID NOT COME to say that the plan prescribed for Shawn's the discretion of Child Welfare. Mrs. Teixeira called Grenier. She asked reintroduction into the fainily was not ap­ On May 12, he continued the state's cus­ him to come over and check Shawn. propriate." tody of Shawn. He ordered Mrs. Waite to at­ Shawn's social worker didn't come. Affieck said the belief that Shawn's father tend child-abuse classes conducted by Par­ The painful mark lasted almost a week. was not part of the household was "quite ents Anonymous. Just about every day Mrs. Teixeira called a contributing factor" in Child Welfare's So far, the wheels of the system were run­ Grenier. She said he still refused to examine decision to allow Rose Waite to have Shawn ning smoothy for Shawn Waite. It seemed for an entire weekend. Shawn. A1Heck said he didn't know why Grenier possible that his hellish past would become "It got to the point where I felt Dennis just a bleary memory. thought I was a real pain in the neck," said didn't immediately check the injuries re­ Barbara Teixeira recalls Shawn's arrival at Mrs. Teixeira. "I was just trying to show my ported by Shawn's foster mother. her comfortable, second-floor apartment on concern." He said he also wasn't fully aware of what Hamilton Street, a stone's throw from Nar­ In the eight months Shawn was entrusted first-hand information Grenier used in mak­ ragansett Electric Co.'s massive brick to Child Welfare Services, Grenier visited ing out reports and recommendations to the headquarters. only three times, said Mrs. Teixeira. (The Family Court. It was Feb. 7, 1977, and she was going agency estimated Grenier made "eight or Chief Judge Edward P . Gallogly of Fam­ to be his foster mother. nine" visits.) ily Court insisted that those reports provided "He looked so scared," she remembered. All the while, he was writing reports to the basis for the actions taken by the court. "His clothes were all ripped. And he was so Family Court urging that Shawn's mother He said the court "exercised caution" in skinny I almost cried." be allowed more time with their son. the Waite case, but noted there is no mech­ It wasn't long before Shawn fattened up Grenier refused to be interviewed. anism by which it could check the accuracy on Teixeira family food and love. On Sept. 29, Fainily Court Judge John K. of reports from Child Welfare. He became more outgoing. He learned to Najarian-acting on the recommendation of "There is nothing the court could have smile, hug and even laugh. Within weeks, Child Welfare-allowed Rose Waite custody done." he said. Mrs. Teixeira recalled, he became a "very happy baby." of Shawn during weekends. Barbara Teixeira insisted she be allowed Shawn loved to tease his foster sister. He'd The decision was made with a "view of to see Shawn's body. mumble his babyish version of a dirty word full-time placement with the mother" in Police told her there was a large cut under or phrase when she wasn't looking, and when about a month. court records state. his chin and that the right side of his face she turned to scold him, he'd lower his head, And it was made on the basis of a Child was a massive bruise. She wanted to see for shake it and smtle. Welfare report that claimed Shawn's father- herself. 8942 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 5, 1978 Before sunrise the morning after Shawn's To be a member of the rescue squad, a THE PRESIDENT IN AFRICA death, she was taken to the state morgue. person must be at least 18 years old, of good HE LOOKED SO SAD moral character, have no felony conviction within a 10-year period, and have a valld Her foster child lay on a table. A white HON. ROBERT J. LAGOMARSINO Georgia driver's license. OF CALIFORNIA sheet stretched from his feet to his waist. They also must have completed a 14-hour "His face was purple," she said. "He looked light duty rescue course as taught by a cer­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES so sad." tified rescue instructor and a standard 14- Wednesday, April 5, 1978 When she left, an autopsy was done. Medi­ hour American Red Cross First Aid Course. cal examiners said Shawn died of liver dam­ "As a rescue squad member, they are au­ e Mr. LAGOMARSINO. Mr. Speaker, I age, apparently caused by repeated blows to thorized then to work only under the direc­ would like to bring to the attention of t he abdomen and back. tion and supervision of a local civil defense my colleagues the following editorial His parents said the injuries were caused director, his designee or state civil defense," from the Washington Post. when they tried to revive him after he said Ed Wagnon, director of the HCCD. stopped breathing. The editorial follows: Besides Wagnon, other HCCD full-time (From the Washington Post, Apr. 4, 1978] Shawn was buried Oct. 13 in the North members are Deputy Director Bob Sapp; Burial Ground. The next day, his parents Capt. Charles Oswalt, unit chaplain; Sgt. THE PRESIDENT IN AFRICA were charged wit h murder. Bill Powell; Sgt. Verna Kirkham, and sec­ Frankly, we liked the administration's Mrs. Teixeira bought a marker for Shawn's retary Becky Kulcsar. Rhodesia/ Zimbabwe policy better before the grave. It is a simple white cross, purchased The HCCD also has 40 volunteer members. president dropped in on Nigeria. A month at local discount store. "We are authorized for 50 volunteers and ago, for instance, soon after Ian Smith "I remember sitting on the porch last are seeking 10 more to fill the quota of mem­ agreed to turn over power to an elected ma­ summer and watching him in the back seat bers," said Wagnon. jority-rule government later this year, the of his mother's car trying to get out," she Approximately 70 percent of the volunteers administration was still complaining that said. are men and 30 percent are women. he had not opened the door to the guerrillas "We could hear his screaming even when "We encourage participation by women," sworn to destroy him. But there was, too, the car had turned the corner. I gotta live said Wagnon. "They are especially helpful recognition that the agreement between Mr. with that." in t he consoling role of the civil defense. We Tears welled in her eyes as she gazed at Smith and "international black nationalists consider it an advantage having a chaplain reflected •'some progress . . . a step in the a color picture of Shawn propped on her in our unit as well as five husband and wife coffee table. He was smiling.e right direction"__as, of course, it did. teams." In Lagos, however, Mr. Carter seeins to The unit is equipped with two rescue have subscribed to Nigeria's uncomplicated trucks, another rescue vehicle and a 2 Y2 ton fervor for a Popular Front guerrilla victory. truck for carrying generating equipment. The final communique omitted any mention NEED FOR CIVIL DEFENSE They also have two john .boats, a 19-foot of progress in Salisbury, though multiracial ski barge, a jeep and additional trailers for interim government now actually exists here. generating equipment. Rather, the communique (signed for Nigeria HON. JACK BRINKLEY "All rescue vehicles have first aid equip­ its unelected military leader) pronounced the OF GEORGIA ment on board," said Wagnon. "We act as initial procedure "unacceptable as it does IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES first aid back-ups for victims of the ·county not guarantee a genuine transfer of power fires as well as treat the fire fighters for to the majority"-as though the guerrillas, Wednesday, April 5, 1978 minor injuries and smoke inhalation. In an who have refused to settle for the share or e Mr. BRINKLEY. Mr. Speaker, main­ emergency situation we also contact the hos­ power they might expect to win in elections, pitals for ambulance service." will consummate "a genuine transfer of taining a strong civil defense program at But fires are only a part of their rescue the Federal, State, and local level is es· power to the majority" if they win by force mission. They play an important role in nat­ of arms. sential to the preservation of American ural disaster incidents. lives in communities throughout our They have a mutual pact with other We understand that the administration Georgia counties and the state civil defense seeks to sew internal and external forces to­ Nation. The prompt and efficient re­ gether, the better to bring peace to Zim­ sponse of our local civil defense teams whereby they assist in disasters throughout the state. babwe, preempt Cuban-Soviet intervention, greatly increases the number of lives and show South Africa that peaceable change saved during natural disasters and other In a vast area, the counties will work to­ works passably well. Those the worthy pur­ life-threatening emergencies. Natural gether to find lost people on land and in the poses. But Mr. Carter's pursuit or them can water. be painful. Virtually all his rhetoric favors disaster response capability provides an The HCCD assisted in the Ft. Valley tor­ important spillover benefit. For only by the external people. He holds Salisbury to nado that occurred in February, 1975, and lofty moral and political standards, while protecting the lives and property of our they were also dispatched to the Toccoa Falls often appearing to wink at failings of the citizens in peacetime disasters can we dam break that killed 39 last November. Popular Front. He refuses to say the one hope to protect them in the event of a "Additional forces are usually called for in thing that might most clear the air: that if nuclear holocaust. natural disaster situations," added Wagnon. the guerrillas reject a fair opportunity to The Houston County Civil Defense "The state civil defense considers the HCCD come home while Salisbury moves to honest Unit of Warner Robins and Perry, Ga., one of the best in the state, so we are often majority rule, the United States will go with called to assist in statewide incidents.'' Salisbury. His performance is all the more has been justly recognized as a model of The HCCD has a similar working relation­ baming when you consider that the internal disaster response for the country. I sub­ ship with the disaster preparedness office at settlement looks to be more democratic, mit for the RECORD and commend to the Robins AFB. moderate and multiracial than any govern­ attention of my colleagues a Warner Because of the variety of missions the ment the guerrillas might construct. Robins Daily Sun article on this group's HCCD workers participate in, training is Does the United States gain respect for outstanding community service. continuous. All the members must be state itself and a hearing for its policies-among [From the Warner Robins (Ga.) Dally Sun, certified every two years. internal or external Rhodesians, in Nigeria Mar. 17, 1978] "They attend training classes every or elsewhere in Africa-by conveying an im­ pression that it will do practically anything CIVIL DEFENSE-FIRST SQUAD To ARRIVE, LAST month," he said. "Learning weather watching To LEAVE and tracking, radiological definition, first aid to win liberationist credentials? We doubt it, and we think the president doubts it, too. In­ (By Pamela Nault) and training in all types of rescue techniques and equipment is all a part of their training." deed, in Lagos he conspicuously did not do Not only is the Houston County Civil De­ the easy, popular-in-Africa thing with re­ fense (HCCD) one of the first rescue units The HCCD is headquartered at 700 Watson Boulevard in the City Hall Complex with an spect to South Africa, choosing instead to af­ to answer every fire call in the county, but firm the United States' own, less milltant they are also the last to leave the scene. additional unit in Perry. HCCD's mission is "to be prepared to meet With the exception of one rescue vehicle policy. His hosts did not like it, and said so. the needs of distressed persons in any nu­ stationed at headquarters, the remaining But on their part, they withheld any real clear or natural disaster or emergency situa­ vehicles are kept at the Houston County support for the American effort to limit tion." Sheriff's Department. Soviet-Cuban intervention in Africa. Such To be prepared, planning, training and "At least a two-man team responds to candor-and continued discussion-is what many activities of prime importance must every call," said Wagnon. good friends, especially those trying to be­ be undertaken ahead of time to protect life The HCCD is prepared for action 24 hours come better friends, owe each other. It and property in time of emergency. a day, everyday.e should be applied to Rhodesia, too.e April 5, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8943 WHAT AMERICA COULD-AND terminal of the railway linking Addis Ababa cans participated in the preceding State SHOULD-DO IN AFRICA with the Red Sea. conferences as well as the national With the eastern horn of Africa neatly locked into the Soviet orbit, Moscow and conference. Havana can be expected to zero in on an These conferences were highly visible HON. LARRY McDONALD even richer prize: mineral-rich southern and, because they were pioneering, con­ OF GEORGIA Africa, with controls the sea lanes around troversial. We are still interested in the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the Cape of Good Hope. reactions of those who attended the There will be an intensification of the Wednesday, April 5, 1978 conferences. For that reason, I would Marxist-backed guerrilla war against the like to insert in the RECORD an article • Mr. McDONALD. Mr. Speaker, our multiracial regime established in Rhodesia by Suzanne Crowley from the winter, African policy is in shambles. The March 21. Similarly, an increase in the flow 1978, issue of the Civil Rights Digest, as U.S.S.R. together with its hired mer­ of Russian arms and money to communist­ supported insurgents in Namibia can be an­ follows: cenaries from Cuba, are winning the ticipated. By the end of the year, fighting "FOUR DAYS IN HOUSTON" continent hands down due to American may well have spilled over into South Africa. The crowd at the Park Overlook just out­ timidity, ineptitude and our love affair There are a number of things the United side downtown Houston was expectant. Rain with the African terrorists. Smith States could do to stem this tide of com­ threatened, but enthusiasm grew. Finally, off Hempstone, in a recent article that ap­ munist aggression in Africa, steps that in the distance the swarm of joggers in blue peared in the Richmond Times-Dispatch would not require the commitment of a T-shirts appeared against the backdrop of of March 31, 1978, suggested some con­ single American soldier or the expenditure still-green grass. Led by three young wom­ crete things America can and should do of large sums of money. en-black, white, and Chicana-the group The United States could-and should­ circled around to join those waiting to run without risking an American soldier. All immediately lift the economic embargo the last mile into Houston. Cheers went up, of his suggestions make sense. President against Rhodesia and announce that we will and the chanting reached a crescendo: Carter appears to simply lack the will to extend diplomatic recognition as soon as E-R-A, NOW! The three torch bearers, their do what is necessary. He had better wake elections are held there on a democratic fellow runners, the crowd, and the assembled up soon to the fact that what is going on basis. This would encourage the new mul­ celebrities began a triumphal march into in Africa is not a march to Selma, it is a tiracial Rhodesian regime, curb the tide of Houston. struggle for control of a continent with white flight and put pressure on the guer­ The rain began, but there was no thought rilla leaders to particip&~te in the settlement. of turning back. The march assumed a cam­ its rich raw materials and the strategic The United States, for the same reason, paign air; reporters and photographers sur­ waterways it controls. There will be no could-and should-assert that it will sup­ rounded the leaders, and TV crews were second prize, either Marxism triumphs port the creation of a similar multiracial swept backward as they filmed the scene. or the Free World triumphs. At the mo­ regime in Southwest Africa (Namibia), one Exultant, the marchers caught sight of the ment, the scales are weighted heavily on that would neither surrender power to the crowd waiting at the convention center. A the side of the Marxists. The column guerrillas nor exclude them from the polit­ roJ.r went up as the torch was handed to follows: ical process once they laid down their arms. those on the podium, and the crowd joined Meanwhile, to tie down the 13,000 Cuban with Susan B. Anthony, niece of the great WHAT AMERICA COULD-AND SHOULD-Do IN troops in Ethiopia, the United States could­ AFRICA suffragist, as she repeated her aunt's famous and should-give the friends of the Somalic;; words: "Failure is impossible!" (By Smith Hempstone) (the Sudanese and the Saudis) the green It's a long way from Seneca Falls, N.Y., WASHINGTON.-President Carter is sched­ light to support the insurgents in Eritrea site of the first national meeting devoted to uled to make a major speech on African and the Ogaden. the cause of women's rights, to Houston, policy tomorrow in the Nigerian capital of To keep the 25,000 Cubans in Angola out Texas, site of the 1977 National Women's Lagos. of mischief in Rhodesia and Namibia, the Conference. Over 2,000 women participated It ought to be one of his shorter speeches, United States could~nd should-give some in the relay that brought the torch from since his administration has no African under-the-table financial support to Jonas New York to Houston, a distance of 2,610 policy other than one of capitulation in the Savimbi's pro-Western UNITA guerrillas, miles. Countless hundreds of thousands of face of Russo-Cuban pressure. who already control about a third of that women have participated in the struggle for Marxist country. The nearly 15 months Carter has bee~ in women's equality in the 125 years sin.::e that Neither the Russians nor the Cubans are first convention. The blue T-shirts worn by office have been disastrous ones for the West's 10 feet tall. Their successes in Africa have African friends, black and white. That they the relay runners bore a slogan that stood been due less to their valor, cleverness and for all of them-"American Women on the have not been even worse is due less to efficiency than to the weakness and stupidity American policy than to the efforts of less of American policy. We have been handing Move"-and the Houston meeting was de­ timorous powers such as France, Morocco the continent to them on a silver platter. signed to demonstrate that those were not and Saudi Arabia, which have gone to the The United States has the means to stem empty words. aid of hard-pressed moderate regimes in and eventually roll back the communist tide It was 3 years earlier, in January of 1975, Zaire, Chad and Somalia. in Africa. What has been (and remains) when President Gerald Ford created the Na­ The United States has refused to support lacking is the vision and the will to do so. tional Commission on the Observance of In­ the creation of moderate multiracial regimes One would like to think that Carter, in ternational Women's Year. That same month, in Rhodesia (Zimbabwe) and Southwest tomorrow's Lagos speech, will tell the world Congress passed a law initally proposed by Africa (Namibia). We have stood by while America is prepared once again to act like Rep. Bella Abzug calling for a national wo­ U.S. advisers have been chucked out of the great power it is, that we will neither men's conference to be attended by dele­ Ethiopia by a bloodthirsty neo-Marxist re­ abandon our African friends nor abdicate gates elected at 56 State and territorial gime that has inflicted a reign of terror on its our responsibility to oppose the expansion meetings. The conference was to be orga­ own people. We have wrung our hands while of communist tyranny on the continent. nized by the IWY Commission in part to: 13,000 Cuban troops have swept the Somalis But largely because the president for ( 1) recognize the contribution of women out of the Ogaden. domestic political reasons dares not face a to the development of our country; It is not much of a record. And unless confrontation on Africa policy with Andy (2) assess the progress that has been made there is a marked turnabout in American Young, there is virtually no chance this will to date by both the private and public policy-which nobody expects Carter to an­ happen. sectors in promoting equality between men nounce in Lagos tomorrow-worse is yet to And that's too bad for Africa. And for and women in all aspects of life in the come. America. e United States; The pattern of Russo-Cuban intervention (3) assess the role of women in economic, in Africa is clear, and one need not be a FOUR DAYS IN HOUSTON social, cultural, and political development; prophet to predict what is going to happen (4) assess the participation of women in in the remainder of 1978 if Andrew Young efforts aimed at the development of friendly continues to call the shots (all of them HON. DONALD M. FRASER relations and cooperation among nations and blanks) for Washington. OF MINNESOTA to the strengthening of world peace; With the Ogaden subdued, the Russians and their Cuban surrogates will crush the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES (5) identify the barriers that prevent women from participating fully and equally rebell1on in Eritrea, the northern province Wednesday, April 5, 1978 Ethiopia unilaterally annexed 16 years ago. in all aspects of national life, and develop Only the presence of a token French force­ e Mr. FRASER. Mr. Speaker, the Na­ recommendations by which such barriers and perhaps not that--will prevent Ethiopian tonal Women's Conference in ·Houston can be removed. annexation of newly independent Djibout~ was an historic occasion. Many Ameri- It became quickly apparent that the IWY CX.XIV--563-Part 7 8944 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 5, 1978 Commission's wol'k would not proceed with­ We encourage the assembled body to con­ mitted by State meetings and from its own out controversy. The Commission made clear tinue to accord the Utah delegation the staff work. The pro-plan caucus was designed its support of the Equal Rights Amendment courtesy and attention they deserve." to build a coalition on the fioor in support from the beginning. Accusations that the ·while little dialogue occurred at the Utah of the IWY recommendations. Commission was lobbying in violation of meeting, the elected delegation did study The multiracial, multiethnic caucus was Federal law led Comptroller General Elmer IWY's proposed National Plan of Action and convened by 11 delegates from 10 States. Its Staats to rule that Commission activities to decided to support parts of it. But in other statement of purpose, issued in advance of promote understanding of the impact of States, anti-IWY forces rejected the pro­ the meeting, declared: "Pro-plan delegates ERA were perfectly legal. Opponents o! the posed plan wholesale, and State meetings believe that the plan is a basic, workable ideas advanced in the Commission's 1976 saw acrimonious fioor fights between con­ document which summarizes what govern­ report, "To Form a More Perfect Union," servatives and liberals. In Mississippi, the ment and other institutions in our society took another tack and eventually focused on Ku Klux Klan claimed credit for the election must do to provide full equality for women." the State meetings. of an anti-IWY group that included five In anticipation of "delaying tactics de­ The meeting began quietly enough. The men and no blacks. In Alabama, 22 of 24 signed to defeat the will of the majority" first one was held in snowy Vermont on delegates were white. In all, a total of 10 many pro-plan people "in the interests of February 26, 1977, and hundreds more came States elected delegations that opposed most moving the agenda and passing the entire than conference organizers anticipated. of the goals of the IWY Commission. plan, decided to forego attempts to Many were attending their first meeting The law governing the national confer­ strengthen or alter specific f proposals 1. " concerned with women's rights. The discus­ ence specified that it be composed o!: The caucus organizing efforts, funded by sion was positive, and organizers felt the ( 1) reprfilsentatives of local, State, re­ donations, included contracting every dele­ meetings could develop into arenas that gional, and national institutions, agencies, gate thought to be sympathetic to the plan, would involve women bitherto inactive in organizations, unions, associations, publica­ making the caucus's existence known to the the women's rights cause. The sponsorship tions, and other groups which work to ad­ press, and soliciting the support of women's of the Federal government lent an aura o! vance the rights of women; and groups. A system of fioor captains and moni­ respectability that no private group could (2) members of the general public, with tors was set up to deal with the conference attain on its own. special emphasis on the representation of itself, and plans were made to hold at least Organizers in other States did as Vermont low-income women, members of diverse one major meeting of delegates prior to the did, and sought out as wide a spectrum of racial, ethnic, and religious groups, and plenary sessions. women's organizations as possible. The women of all ages. Preconference activities by those opposed meetings were open to the public, women Challenges were filed to State delegations to the plan included the above-mentioned and men. Most took place in spring and early whose membership did not refiect these mobilization !or State meetings, as well as summer. Naturally, differences of opinion categories, as well as by conservatives who attempts to gain media attention !or alleged arose, but it was not until the beginning of complained of election irregularities in State IWY abuse of Federal funds and !or views July that confrontation politics began to meetings. All challenges were rejected by opposing the plan proposals. Senator Jesse dominate the proceedings. the Commission, which noted that the only Helms o! North Carolina held an ad hoc hear­ Many observers believe the Utah meeting ground for challenges was election fraud, ing at which anti-plan witnesses expressed was a turning point. Utah organizers reached despite the clear congressional intent that their views. He inserted his account o! the out to groups of every political and religious balance be achieved. However, the Commis­ hearing in the Congressional Record, and persuasion. To their surprise, 12,000 Mormon sion issued a statement noting its concern: it was widely reprinted. " .. . over the unrepresentative composi­ women registered at the State conference, A Citizens Review Committee !or IWY is­ which attracted a total o! 14,000 people. An tion of several State delegations; a result of apparent right-wing control that contradicts sued news memos on IWY spending, the con­ anti-ERA delegation was elected, and the duct o! State meetings, and the content or success of the conservatives sparked efforts the spirit of the law calling for a delegate balance at the National Conference accord­ the plan itself. Lawsuits were filed, chiefiy in elsewhere. Illinois, challenging alleged lobbying activ­ Barbara Smith, general president o! the ing to racial, ethnic, religious, and age and income groups.'' ities o! IWY on behalf of ERA and Federal Relief Society o! the Mormon Church, told a funds for abortions. The last suit was dis­ Honolulu newspaper, "After we had our The Commission blamed: " . . . a concentrated effort by right-wing missed December 13 for lack o! evidence. Utah convention, we began to encourage Leafiets were distributed, including a typi­ women all over the country to get actively groups to discredit International Women's Year through factually inaccurate misrepre­ cal one titled "Federal Festival !or Female involved in their State conventions." Smith Radicals," which summarized the viewpoint says she wanted women to participate out sentations in the press, and to pack State meetings with people hostile to the legisla­ of the Citizens Forum of Fort Worth, Texas, of their "concerns as citizens and not as part as follows: of their church responsibility." But Don tion's goal of equality !or women . ..." "Our Nation is not embroiled primarlly in LeFevre, a spokesperson for the church, told The statement concluded: "The IWY Commission is empowered to a battle of the sexes, but a battle of phil­ a New York Times reporter that the Relief osophies-between those who hold the pro­ Society encouraged its members to "vote for balance the national delegate body accord­ ing to the groupings mentioned in PL 94-167 family biblical values upon which our Na­ correct principles." The principles were tion was rounded, and those who embrace supplied to members in the form o! Mormon through the appointment of delegates-at­ large. We will do that. But we wish here to the humanist/ feminist philosophy.'' Church position papers on ERA, abortion, Elsewhere, the conference majority was and other issues, according to LeFevre, "in record our outrage on the basis of fairness to the citizens of particular States that their described as embracing the "ERA/abortion; case they had any questions." lesbian philosophy." Some had hoped that the Utah meetings delegations, regardless of question of view­ would provide an opportunity for real dia­ point, do not represent the true demographic With the lines thus drawn, the National logue on women's problems. Such an op­ balance of those States." Women's Conference opened amidst some portunity did not materialize, although Jan Following the State meetings, press inter­ trepidation. The first and major snafu of the L. Tyler, a Mormon supporter of ERA and est in the National Women's Conference weekend, however, occurred not on the floor, former teacher at Brigham Young University, soared. Columnists of all persuasions began but when hundreds of women appeared on thought some barriers had fallen: "A lot o! taking note of what they predicted would Friday to check into their hotel rooms. The them are beginning to transcend their own be a showdown in Houston. The meeting was rooms, and the hotels, were simply not pre­ conditions and say that there are other transformed from a get-together many pared for the deluge. women in the world who find themselves in thought would be routine to a show of In what has since been called "one o! the circumstances very different from mine." strength for the women's movement and the American hotel industry's biggest-ever The Mormon role raised anew the knotty conservative opposition. Originally, many gaffes," people waited in lines !or hours and problem of politics and religion. Clearly, in a women's rights groups gave the meeting sec­ hours-some past midnight. Hotel lobbies State that is overwhelmingly Mormon, but ond priority, fearing it would drain energy were jammed with luggage that could not be where polls indicate 52 percent of the popu­ from ratification of ERA and the struggle moved without room assignments, and the lation supports ERA, a lot of soul-searching to preserve abortion funding for women on scene began to resemble a disaster head­ is going on. welfare. But after the conservatives began quarters. A mood was established-well-ex­ During the Houston meeting, the elected to organize, women's groups rallied to pre­ pressed on the front o! a souvenir T-shirt: Utah delegation issued a press release ob­ vent what they perceived to be a possible "I survived the National Women's Confer­ jecting to characterization of their church disaster in the making. ence." hierarchy as a radical right-wing group. The One result was the organization of the No description of the setting !or the con­ appointed at-large delegates who were pro­ "pro-plan" caucus. The main item of busi­ ference would be complete without mention ERA supported the concern of the first ness at the conference was to be adoption of the press corps, which numbered over group, noting, "We sympathize with the del­ of the National Plan of Action to be for­ 1,300, included network television and radio, egation's resentment at being labeled 'radi­ warded to the President and the Congress. local media, daily newspapers, the feminist cals.' As at-large delegates, we ourselves The IWY Commission had developed a pro­ press, photographers, and !reelancers. Gavel have been so labeled in our own State ... . posed plan from the recommendations sub- to gavel coverage was provided by Houston's April 5, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8945 educational TV channel and by KPFI'-FM. cessed for dinner, aware that a. long, grueling by the minority caucus was in the offing. Special editions of Breakthrough, a Houston night session lay ahead. (The pro-plan caucus had agreed to support alternative paper, served as the conference The evening session began with remarks by the substitute after minority delegates ob­ daily newspaper. Press arrangements for floor Congresswoman Margaret Heckler, Assistant jected in the caucus meeting to the brief passes were modeled on those used for na­ Secretary of State Patsy Mink, and Helvi resolution submitted by IWY. Discussion tional political conventions-the only com­ Sipila, Assistant Secretary-General for Social then centered on whether to try to improve parable standard. The intense media interest, Development and Humanitarian Affairs of the each plank by integrating the concerns of although somewhat eclipsed by Middle East United Nations. Attention then turned to minority women or to amend the minorities developments, added to the general air of consideration of the resolution on education. resolution alone. Given time constraints, the excitement and anticipation. Amendments were offered to eliminate race latter proved to be the more practical course, The conference opened Saturday morning along with sex stereotyping, to include non­ if the less satisfactory one.) with speeches and ceremonies. First Lady racist along with nonsexist counseling, and Maxine Waters, a black delegate from Riosalynn Carter, Betty Ford, Lady Bird to encourage the development of women's California, began reading: Johnson, Houston Mayor Fred Hofheinz, Con­ studies. The resolution passed as amended. "Minority women share with all women gresswoman Barbara Jordan, IWY Commis­ The resolutions on elective and appointive the experience of sexism as a barrier to their sioners Gloria Scott, Maya Angelou, and Liz office and on employment passed as originally full rights of citizenship. Every recom­ Carpenter, and presiding officer Bella Abzug written, making way !or consideration of mendation in this Plan of Action shall be all participated. A stirring presentation of ERA-which, as it became quickly apparent, understood as applying equally and fully to the Seneca Falls torch that arrived in Hous­ was one of the delegates' prime concerns. The minority women. But institutionalized bias ton the day before added the requisite pag­ resolution's introduction was met with a based on race, language, culture, and/ or eantry. deafening standing ovation as delegates ethnic origin or governance of territories or It seemed, once the assembly had finally shouted pro-ERA slogans in a mass floor localities has led to the additional oppres­ gathered, quite safe to predict, as did Bella demonstration. An attempt to hinge endorse­ sion and exclusion of minority women and Abzug in her speech: ment of ERA on its ratification within the to the conditions of poverty from which they "After this weekend, the whole Nation will 7-year period currently provided failed. The disproportionately suffer. . . . " know that the women's movement is not any delegates, who were most likely split on the Waters went on to list the most pressing one organization or set of ideas or particular wisdom of extending the ratification period, problems-involuntary sterilization; mono­ lifestyle. It is millions of women deciding refused to be distracted by what they per­ lingual education and services; high infant individually and together that we determined ceived to be an effort by ERA opponents to and maternal mortality; bias against minor­ to move history forward. divide them. ity children; low-paying jobs and poor hous­ "The women's movement has become an A substitute resolution opposing ERA was ing; culturally biased testing; affirmative ac­ indestructible part of American life. . . . It ruled out of order by the chair us incomplete; tion and special admissions; bias in insur­ is all of us here and all of the women out resubmitted in writing at least twice, it E"till ance; and failure to cross-tabulate data by there who say the time for equal rights has ended with an incomplete sentence. While both race and sex. come." the proceedings halted during the resubmis­ In turn, a. spokesperson for each caucus Keynoter Barbara Jordan added: sions, the New York delegation revved up for within the minority coalition rose to read "At a time when this country is drifting, if passage of the resolution by singing "The the sections on American Indian and Native it is not shifting, to the right, civil rights Sidewalks of New York." They were ruled out Alaskan women, on Asian and Pacific women, and affirmative action efforts are lagging .... of order by presiding officer Bella Abzug. on Hispanic women, on Puerto Rican women, This is the time for foot soldiers, not kami­ Finally, the vote was taken, and the dem­ and on black women. As Caretta Scott King kaze pilots. . . . onstration that followed passage of the reso­ finished the last section and moved the adop­ "The Congress approved $5 million with its lution somehow managed to surpass the one tion of the substitute, the delegates cheered congratulations, but if we do nothing here greeting its introduction; all that was miss­ and gave her a. standing ovation. productive, constructive, or healing, we will ing in the hoopla was the proverbial brass The yes vote was overwhelming and in­ have wasted much more than money. We will band. Wisconsin and California took their cluded many women opposed to other parts have wasted, lost, negated an opportunity to State standards and paraded round the hall of the plan. A snake dance broke out on the do something for ourselves and for genera­ as the rest of the delegates and the gallery floor as delegates embraced each other and tions which are not here. shouted "three more States" in unison and sang "We Shall Overcome." While support ended with a rousing rendition of "God Bless for ERA was loud, the reaction to this reso­ "Not making a difference is a cost we can­ America." not afford." lution seemed more heartfelt and more spon­ Well-satisfied with their night's work, the The afternoon session began with remarks taneous. The delegates had won a victory of pro-plan delegates voted to recess until Sun­ their own making, and the unity displayed by Jill Ruckelhaus, former presiding officer of day noon, when an even longer 8-hour plen­ the IWY Commission, and Judy Carter, the on the floor must forever put to rest any ary was scheduled. Antiplan delegates, out­ doubt that women of all backgrounds share President's daughter-in-law, who has become maneuvered and outvoted on the floor, could en effective speaker on behalf of the benefits the goal of women's equality. look forward to the press coverage of the When the commotion died down, the as­ to be derived for homemakers from passage of pro-family rally held on the outskirts of ERA. Finally, midway through the afternoon, sembly went on to pass the offender resolu­ Houston during the Saturday afternoon tion and the resolution on older women as consideraion of the National Plan of Action session. began. amended from the floor. The majority then The "pro-family" rally, conceived to supported an amendment to the rape resolu­ The 26 planks in the plan began with arts counter the IWY meeting, drew anywhere and humanities and ended with a proposed tion that was troublesome to many. The from 12,000 to 20,000 people, depending on original proposed that the past sexual his­ Federal women's department. The question whose figures are used. It included speeches was quickly called on the first item, and tory of a victim be introduced in court only by Phyllis Schlafly, vocal ERA opponent and after a. judge had decided it was relevant out the resolution passed overwhelmingly on a long-time conservative, and Clay Smothers, a standing vote-the counting method em­ of the presence of the jury and the public. black Texas legislator who once supported The amendment would prohibit the intro­ ployed throughout the weekend. Battered George Wallace. women, business, and child abuse came next, duction of such evidence in any case, a. pro­ and then child care. One delegate linked Smothers declared, "I want the right to vision that many believe is probably un· Federal funding for the latter to the devel­ segregate my family from these misfits and constitutional. opment of Hitler youth camps, but the ma­ perverts." Schlafly asserted, "American The meeting then took up the reproduc­ jority was unimpressed. It became quickly women do not want ERA, abortion, lesbian tive freedom proposal, otherwise known as clear that pro-plan delegates had the situa­ rights, and they do not want child care in the abortion resolution. The chair, Anne tion well in hand, and their confidence in­ the hands of government." Both received Saunier, who performed heroically through­ creased. fervent support from the nearly all-white, out the session, called for equal time for mainly female audience. After passage of the resolution on credit, pro and con debate. the first emotional high point occurred with Not surprisingly, the anti-IWY show of The resolution began simply: "We support the introduction of a substitute resolution strength had little effect on conference par­ the U.S. Supreme Court decisions which on disabled women. In the pro-plan caucus ticipants. Sunday they picked up where they guarantee reproductive freedom to women." meeting !or all delegates held Friday night, had left off, listening first to Commissioners It went on to support Medicaid funds !or it had been agreed a substitute would be Carmen Votaw and Cecilia Preciado Burciaga abortion, oppose involuntary sterilization, supported on the floor after a moving plea and then to anthropologist Margaret Mead. and support sex education and family plan­ was made by a. disabled delegate !or stronger, The next resolutions, on health, home­ ning services. more specific language. The substitute, writ­ makers, insurance, international affairs, and Debate on this issue is always difficult and ten by the disabled women's caucus, passed media, passed without incident. the conference was no exception. One anti­ with nearly unanimous support in an im­ Then came the introduction of the resolu­ abortion delegate acknowledged that "many pressive display of discipline by pro-plan tion on minorities. Many delegates waited of you here, although there is a serious diver­ forces. On that high note, the conference re- expectantly; they knew a substitute written gence of opinion, are devotea mothers and 8946 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 5, 1978 love your children as much as I love mine." with, its opponents were ready to vote as The Women's Conference Network, orga­ But she believed that embryos and fet uses they saw fit. Many believed a women's de­ nized by the American Association of Uni­ were entitled to the same rights as born partment would isolate women's concerns versit y Women, includes over 40 groups. The children. For her, and for those who believe when the goal had been to integrate them Network plans to draft legislation on the that fetuses be: ore viability are not the same into all levels of government. plan and mobilizes for its adoption in Con­ as human beings or that women have the Finally, delegate pressure forced the issue gress. right to decide the issue for themselves, there to the floor, and the department was voted What chance of success does the plan simply is no compromise. down. A resolution passed setting up a con­ have? Despite the enthusiasm of its sup­ Emotions ran high, and when the resolu­ tinuations committee to provide for the con­ porters, it may face rough going. It could use tion passed easily, the · anti-abortion dele­ vening of a second national conference. In­ refinement and correction, to be sure, but gates began to sing, "All we are saying/ is diana State Senator Joan Gubbins led a walk­ the real problem lies in its enactment. In a give life a chance." Others responded by out of the anti-plan delegates, chanting "rub­ time of fiscal retrenchment and ideological chant ing, "choice, choice, choice!" For them, ber stamp, rubber stamp." It appeared ad­ hostility to further efforts to overcome sex the issue was also life-the lives of women journment was in order, and it was so moved. and race discrimination, new measures to lost in illegal abortions or in childbirt h Delegates joined in a closing round of song, gain equality will face determined opposi­ where abortions were unavailable. Thus and the National Women's Conference was tion. The plan, after all, is just a document, polarized, t:1e struggle on t his issue will un­ over. in some respects much like a political party doubtedly continue. While the conference plenaries were clearly platform or a set of campaign promises. It After amending the resolution on rural the main arena, they were not the only show will require a strong constituency to assure women to include an invest iagtion of the in town that weekend. Conference organizers its fulfillment. Louisiana sugar cane plaP tation system and also provided a running series of briefings For better or worse, "the feminist issue to include concerns of e·.ch minority group from the top by prominent women govern­ has become part of the national political in any programs develop! d for rural women, ment officials. A film festival ran contin­ debate." according to author Lucy Komisar. t he conference moved t J the sexual prefer­ uously; a large exhibit area contained booths "Proponents and opponents of women's ence plank. The de bat J took place on two displaying the wares of government agencies, rights have taken their places in the gen­ levels: whether endorsf'ment of civil rights trade unions, women's and professional orga­ eral alignment of Right and Left." This de­ for lesbians was approp ·iat e for the confer­ nizations, and a host of other sundry groups. velopment requires new sophistication, ence, or whether it wa'> appropriate at all. Panels on women and the arts were available; greater resources, and even more determined One delegate called the issue an "albatross a potpourri of activities went on in an area organizing in the years ahead. Houston may on the neck of the 1 ~ minist movement" and called "Seneca Falls South," including enter­ well be seen as a watershed in this process. e a hindrance to pa ;sage of ERA. Another tainment on the Seneca Falls Stage. Skills voiced the opinion that homosexuality was clinics were conducted with such titles as against God's will. "Legal Remedies to Employment Discrimina­ But the majority supported the position tion" and "Marriage, Separation, and taken by Ellie Smeal, president of NOW, Divorce." CONGRESSMAN ROBERT DUNCAN'S who said that "human rights are indivisi­ An international lounge provided an op­ VIEWS ON ARMS EMBARGO ble ... when we march together for equality, portunity to meet foreign guests invited to AGAINST TURKEY we will march as heterosexuals and homo­ the conference by the State Department. It sexuals, as minority women and majority was impossible to take it all ln. women, as rich and poor-we will all go for­ Will the National Women's Conference HON. AL ULLMAN ward together as full human beings." If it have lasting impact? so, what will be? OF OREGON In a dramatic turnabout, author Betty By July 1978, President Carter is required Friedan stated, "I have been known to op­ to submit to Congress his recommendations IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES pose this issue within the women's move­ for action based on the National Plan of Wednesday, April 5, 1978 ment .. . but ERA will do nothing for homo­ Action as adopted in Houston. His response sexuals." Frieden went on, "Therefore we to the plan will be closely watched by wom­ e Mr. ULLMAN. Mr. Speaker, with this must protect lesbians' civil rights .. . let us en's groups and all those involved in the morning's papers carrying reports of an waste no further time and pass this resolu­ conference. impending confrontation between Con­ tion." In the meantime, anti-plan forces are, in gress and the administration over Presi­ The question was called and the pro-plan a way, pleased with the results of the meet­ caucus majority held. Supporters of the res­ ing. They believe the inclusions of abortion dent Carter's proposal to lift the arms olution in the gallery let loose balloons and and lesbian rights will be the death knell embargo against Turkey, I firmly believe begal_l· ~ a victory celebration. They stopped .for the Equal Rights Amendment. that we must look upon this as an oppor­ long enough to say in unison to the dele­ Many others are not so sure. They believe tunity to assess the performance of this gates, "Thank you, sisters!" before adjourn­ the conference must be viewed as a set­ embargo in influencing progress toward ing for a press conference outside the hall. back for conservatives. Despite dire predic­ a just settlement of the dispute on the Passage of the proposal on statistics left tions, things went well. The agenda was one resolution on the agenda for the day­ completed with a minimal amount of wran­ island of Cyprus. Second, we must weigh welfare and poverty. Again, a substitute sup­ gling; lots of enthusiasm was generated for this performance against the implica­ ported by the pro-plan caucus was adopted. ERA and other battles; and strict adherence tions of the embargo's role in the dete­ It was more detailed and comprehensive than to parliamentary procedure blunted charges rioration of U.S. and the NATO alliance's the original and called for strengthening a that the conduct of the debate was unfair. security interests in the eastern Mediter­ variety of programs. It opposed the Carter Further, it is not clear how cohesive the ranean. Administration's welfare reform bill on the anti-plan group really is. Phyllis Schlafly and grounds that training and better jobs now her Eagle Forum organization advocate posi­ On March 30, shortly before the press provided by the Comprehensive Employment tions on a wide variety of issues--opposing announced the administration's intent and Training Act, as well as food stamps, both ERA and the Panama Canal treaty, !or to ask for a change in this policy, my would be eliminated and that recipients example. The Eagle Forum is allied with colleague from the State of Oregon, Rep­ would be required to "work off" their grants. other conservative groups whose positions resentative ROBERT DUNCAN, addressed With one remaining resolution--on a Fed­ may alienate the rank and file in the antl­ eral women's department-to be considered IWY movement. Senator Gubbins told the these issues before a gathering of the the next day, along with implementation press that the anti-plan's minority report World Affairs Council of Oregon. As Con­ and new business, the meeting recessed with implies abolition of the Federal minimum gress and the public turn their attention a great sense of accomplishment. Not only wage. Few Americans of any persuasion to this subject, I would commend Repre­ had disaster in the form of chaos or confron­ would discard minimum wage. While the sentative DuNCAN's remarks for your tation been averted, but a positive feeling of right appears to be growing, it is more likely forward movement and revitalization had that with the increased polarization on key consideration: been achieved. Pro-plan delegates, at least, issues, both sides have become more or­ SPEECH BY CONGRESSMAN ROBERT B. DUNCAN awaited the final session in a relaxed mood. ganized and have gained more visibility. Many months, indeed a couple of years ago, Perhaps things got too relaxed. On Mon­ Pro-plan forces, on the other hand, have the World Affairs Council was kind enough day morning, for the first time, the plenary much to be pleased with. They not only sur­ to invite me to speak. At that time the prob­ session appeared disorganized and undisci­ vived, they prospered. New unity was forged lem of the Panama Canal existed, but sim­ plined. The agenda was rearranged without among various organizations and groups of mered on a back burner as do so many while much explanation and the women's depart­ women. For the first time, they all met under our cooks are busy with those boiling over on ment resolution was delayed. Delegates be­ one roof and, facing a common enemy, they the front of the stove. I had just returned came restless. The department was the one cooperated as never before. The plan they from a visit to Panama, arranged not only issue on which pro-plan forces were divided, adopted is the stuff of which coalitions are because of my Appropriations Committee re­ and now that the other business was over made, and organizing has already begun. sponsibility for financing the Canal opera- April 5, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8947 tions and the government of the Zone, but is the crucial linkage between an overall con­ tudes between the two communities inter­ also because I still remembered the conflict ception, a set of objectives, and specific pol­ twines and, in some ways, obscures the and riots and deaths of the 1960's. Vietnam icies. Politics, either domestic or foreign, political issues dividing Cyprus. was not yet just a painful memory. The Capitol Hill or City Hall, is a "performing The central issue in any solution of the thought of past opportunities lost in Pan­ art." As such, the President is charged with political situation is that of power-sharing ama, in Asia, in the Middle East and else­ performance of his constitutional responsi­ between the two ethnic communities. Be­ where, together with the apprehension of the bilities in foreign affairs. lieving that the Greek Cypriots have never potential for trouble still to come in the Some issues of considerable importance in renounced the principle of enosis, the Turk­ Isthmus, made it imperative that I inform the long run-such as arms sales, nuclear ish minority charges the majority with dis­ myself as best I could, and that required a proliferation, human rights, the Arab­ crimination in virtually all areas, particu­ trip to Panama. Israeli conflict, and Southern Africa-afford larly in the courts and in employment. They Similar concern, again coupled with Appro­ bleak prospects of success in the short run, feel they could never obtain security in a priations Committee responsibilities, for the and they might actually be made worse by unitary state and advocat e a federation in almost unnoticed negotiations with respect unilateral American initiatives without which they would have autonomy over their to the future status of the Trust Territories careful attention to the requirements of a own affairs, including education and reli­ of the Pacific, led me to sandwich in a visit sound strategy. gion, the courts, police, public works, and to Guam, Saipan, Truk and Ponape a year American policy in the eastern Mediter­ economy. Foreign affairs and national de­ ago in December. The future of vast areas ranean and, in particular, American strategy fense would be the responsibility of the of the Central and Western Pacific, stained in dealing with Greece, Turkey, and Cyprus federal government. They have never ac­ with the blood of American soldiers and sail­ is a particularly good example of respond­ cepted the principle of majority rule. ors and marines from Kwajalein to Iwo Jima, ing to events without a clear rationale, or The Greek Cypriots, on the other hand, is at stake. even assurances that particular initiatives consider the Turkish Cypriots to be un­ The American people scarcely know that would serve U.S. foreign policy goals, or reasonable obstructionists. They have re­ there is a new U.S. Commonwealth of the indeed the interests of Greece, Turkey or jected the concept of federation, and argue Northern Marianas, and the executive branch Cyprus. The problems of this region are that separate local administrations in Cy­ of our government has not yet, to my knowl­ partly more complex, partly more local, and prus under a federal system would result edge, devised a clear and united policy, nor partly more traditional than many popular in wasteful and confusing duplication. More scarcely defined U.S. objectives. In the mean­ explanations will admit. Many of these issues importantly, they consider federation to be time, I have formed close friendships with will simply outlive us all. But the presence the first stage toward partition. the leadership of Micronesia, an affection for of both superpowers-the Soviet Union and Other issues include the withdrawal of their people, a love of their widely scattered the United States-in the Eastern Mediter­ Turkish forces, disarmament of both sides, and still sparsely populated tiny islands, and ranean, th~ volatile nature of conft.ict in and the resettlement and relief of the believe I can be increasingly helpful in focus­ this region, and the impact of this problem refugees. ing attention, fostering discussion and in on NATO, make this discussion today American policy must follow the best formulating solutions before any crisis arises. pertinent even though for the moment interests of the United States. American Today our attention is centered, as it has Cyprus is not the World's No. 1 crisis. citizens of whatever ethnic origin must keep been off and on since 1948, on the massive, First, the present reality in Cyprus is that this as the touchstone of their contribution intractable, world-threatening problem of the traditional emnity between the ethnic to the solution of these foreign policy issues. Israel. Thirty years of papering over the huge Turkish and ethnic Greek Cypriots can be To the extent political pressures build up in cracks of recurring crisis (some erupting measured in centuries of fear, distrust and the United States to force action or inaction into war and some averted to another time), bitterness that encompasses the mother on behalf of perceived national interests without ever coming to grips with the Pal­ countries and assumes greater proportions of one country or another-be it Greece, estinian problem and permitting it to fester than fear of the Soviet Union. This strife Turkey, Israel, Korea, Taiwan or any other­ through and into three generations, has re­ might remain confined to the Island itself it becomes more difficult to keep the best sulted in the boil bursting into world-wide and be strictly a local concern if it were interests of the United States in mind. And terrorism, and world-wide economic inflation not for the fact that Greek Cypriot agitation while I firmly believe that the long run best and crises. It has also resulted in an Israel for "enosis," for union with Greece, is as interests of the U.S., Greece, and Turkey are that has survived and will survive, but an longstanding as the opposition of the Turkist parallel, it is obvious that in the short term Israel whose massive military might cannot Cypriot minority. The eruption of inter­ that is not so. stop the murder of its people but can exact communal fighting developed soon after The more foreign policy consists of dis­ revenge on the guilty and innocent alike in Cyprus was granted independence in 1960, connected bits and pieces, as our policy on neighboring Lebanon. The secure borders and had threatened to draw Turkey and Cyprus has been, the greater becomes the that Israel and the world so much desire can­ Greece into a direct confrontation, in 1964 weight and leverage of ethnic, economic, or not be achieved with land and fortifications. and 1967, when Turkey had to be restrained ideological pressure groups, and the greater The only secure border is one with friends from intervening militarily to protect the the need for political skill and ·determina­ living on both sides. Friendship begets friend­ Turkish Cypriot minority. tion to pursue a strategy that is in the best ship. And the chance offered by Sadat's visit In 1974, a coup, apparently stimulated or interests of the United States. to and reception by Israel, must not be lost supported by the then government of I understand the reasons for the great but must be revived. Israel must be as quick Greece, deposed Makarios and established ethnic outpouring of support in this coun­ to rise to the challenge of peace as it is to a regime headed by the Greek Cypriot ter­ try-be it for Greece, Israel, the Republic of respond to the challenge of force. rorist Sampson, who had a reputation for China, Cuba or whatever country. Quite nat­ I say this without the benefit of having violence against Turkish Cypriots and a urally there is a feeling of support for one's been to the Middle East, either to Israel or passion for enosis. Turkish forces promptly homeland and animosity toward those who the Arab nations, and with full recognition invaded the Island, citing treaty obligations threaten it. I would feel the same 1! the of the resulting limitations on my knowledge to uphold the integrity and independent British were to attack Edinburgh today as and understanding. status of Cyprus as well as to protect the the Greeks feel a-bout the Turkish invasion Likewise, I address myself to the problem Turkish Cypriot community. The initial of Cyprus. But Americans of Jewish, Greek. of Cyprus without the advantage of first­ action was probably justifiable under the Cuban, Chinese, or Scottish origin are hand knowledge, with only.a visit to some of international law and the treaty; sub­ Americans first and of foreign extraction the NATO countries, including Greece but sequent invasions are difficult to justify. second. not Turkey, to aid me. Subsequently, Makarios returned, but has Both Greece and Turkey are old friends and I speak also as one with the responsibility now passed on and both Greece and Turkey important allies. American aid to Greece and to participate in these great war-and-peace have elected new governments, but the Turkey turned back the Communists in the issues, but also as one (like all of us), over­ wounds have not healed. Despite recent late 1940's and early 1950's and kept both in whelmed day-by-day with constituent prob­ Turkish troop reductions, approximately the free world. But so far our policy has lems such as VA hosiptals, Bull Runs, dry 40% of the Island is still under Turkish mili­ alienated both, and the continued hostility docks at Swan Island, Amtrak, highways, tary control, and about one-third of the has weakened the U.S. position in the Eastern jobs, and health care-and all the myriad of population, both Greek and Turkish Mediterranean and resulted in the virtual problems that make it easy to forget trou­ Cypriots, can be considered refugees. collapse of the southern flank of NATO. bled, obscure corners of the world. All of us There has been substantial economic dis­ Because of its location in the Eastern Medi­ must set priorities, and we must go beyond ruption, including extensive damage to the terranean, Greece is able to provide facilities setting them on the basis of the next dead­ industrial and agricultural sectors; a cessa­ on the Greek mainland and on the Island of line. tion of tourism; dislocated development Crete which strengthen the strategic capa­ Indeed, the problem for this Administra­ plans; charges and denials of violations of bilities of the United States and NATO forces tion, it seems to me, is to establish an order international law, human rights, and religi­ that operate in the area. Greek facilities help of prioriteis and to pace its efforts. Foreign ous persecution; and discrimination against guard the Aegean Sea approach to the Medi­ policy is not simply a matter of objectives; minorities in both Greece and Turkey. This terranean, provide important communication it is also a matter of strategy. And "strategy" increased bittern~s and hardening of atti- links between NATO and U.S. miUtary forces, 8948 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 5, 1978 provid·e staging areas and supply depots for abled our supplies to get through. This con­ THE GREAT BLIZZARD AND THE U.S. air and naval forces, and permit sur­ tinuing impasse is one of the reasons a base ARMED SERVICES veillance and monitoring of the activities of on Diego Garcia is necessary. the Soviet Union's military forces in the The point is that U.S. strategy must be Eastern Mediterranean area. Today Greece viewed in this wider and geographically­ HON. EDWARD P. BEARD has withdrawn from the NATO military alli­ widened arena. Our interests overlap, in some ance, and maintains an affiliation similar to ways, with those of other members of the OF RHODE ISLAND that of France. Our fleet no longer has a NATO alliance; in other ways they are broad­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES home port in Greece. Indeed when I last er. In this case they were distinct, almost Wednesday, April 5, 1978 checked, we had only a small military con­ conflicting. The Greek withdrawal from tingent at the airport at Athens. We still, NATO and the Turkish closure of U.S. bases e Mr. BEARD of Rhode Island. Mr. however, can get repairs, and our ships visit signify that the United States should realize Speaker, the recordbreaking blizzard freely. that each of these nations will continue to that struck the State of Rhode Island on Because of its physical proximity to the pursue its own national interests as they see February 6 and 7, 1978, the most severe Soviet Union, and its control over the straits fit, and we should not expect them to do which govern passage into the Mediterranean otherwise. Underscored by our experience in in our history, created distress, suffering from the Black Sea, Turkey has been a valued the 1973 Middle East war is the recognition and dislocation that have never been member of NATO as well as an important of ongoing vulnerability of American-base equalled in Rhode Island's 342-year ally of the United States. It has the biggest operating privileges to the vagaries of do­ history. military establishment in NATO with the ex­ mestic politics of the host countries and The people of Rhode Island will long ception of the United States, with more their governments. Greece and Turkey are, remember the swift dispatch of members troops, I am informed, than West Germany. nonetheless, still important security assets of the U.S. Army Engineers, the National The military fac111ties which Turkey has as the United States, hopefully, pursues its made available to the United States in the interests in that area. Guard units of Rhode Island and Massa­ past have permitted the establishment of: While Greek attitudes and anxieties must chusetts and the naval construction bat­ useful intelligence-collecting posts, which be recognized, other ways must be sought to talions with heavy equipment to help our have enabled the United States to keep track reassure the Greeks without penalizing the stricken cities and towns recover from of Soviet air and naval activities, missile and collective security interests of NATO and the the onslaught of the tremendous storm. nuclear weapons tests, and general military interests and objectives of the United States. In particular, Mr. Speaker, I must activities along the southern flank of NATO This is a time for the national interest in mention the young men of the Army from and in the Middle East. These bases and this security to overcome the less cogent or valid information were very important in the last considerations that have led to a futile and Georgia, Louisiana, and Virginia who Arab-Israeli conflict, and the source of our dangerous U.S. policy. were transported from their mild eli­ information about the pending airlift of The fact that progress in the Cyprus nego­ mates into bitter cold and mountainous Soviet troops which we were able to head off. tlations is linked to arms sales agreements snows. The people of Rhode Island join When the U.S. Congress voted against by some members of the public and some me in expressing admiration for these military assistance and sales to Turkey in members of the U.S. Congress, points out the soldiers who worked so hard to alleviate 1975 (without my vote, however) , the Turk­ weakness of the case-by-case approach to for­ the terrible conditions of those trying ish government suspended operations of eign affairs advanced by the Administration. days. They joined our own valiant these bases pending renegotiation of the de­ As long as the arms sales policy is not inte­ fense cooperation agreement. This accord grated into an overall strategy aimed at cop­ guardsmen and together they performed was signed in 1976, but the Congress has de­ ing with the causes of conflict, there will al­ truly heroic deeds that will long be re­ layed completing action on the agreement. ways be reasons for granting exceptions to membered by Rhode Islanders. Meanwhile the capab111ty of the Turkish the very admirable and strict guidelines. Mr. Speaker, the General Assembly of armed forces to perform their NATO defense The dilemma is much akin to that of the the State of Rhode Island has unani­ missions is jeopardized, as they are without promise to make human rights the keystone mously passed a resolution in praise of . badly needed replacement parts and the abil­ of our foreign policy. ity to modernize. all the members of the Armed Forces If the United States is too selective about who rushed to our aid and I would like This congressional attempt to pressure the which countries to denounce, it risks be­ Turkish government ";a accept a Cyprus solu­ coming hypocritical-for instance, if it to see their efforts memorialized by the tion through the suspension of U.S. military singles out only its foes and spares its insertion of this legislation in the CoN­ aid both humiliated this strategically-placed friends. If it pursues the cause everywhere, GRESSIONAL RECORD: ally and placed them in a posiition of great in almost crusading manner, that is likely RESOLUTION danger. I did not support this move; I do to be a highly self-destructive, isolating Expressing sincere gratitude and highest not support it today. I believe that it has ordeal. But if the policy becomes merely praise to United States Army and Rhode been counter-productive and has increased verbal, it will be a splendid demonstration Island National Guard units for their as­ Turkish reluctance to make concessions on of impotence. sistance in the blizzard of February 6-7, Cyprus. I see no evidence that it has helped The summit talks between the Turkish 1978 the Greek Cypriots and beileve that it has and Greek Premiers, Mr. Ecevit and Mr. weakened both the United States and NATO. Whereas, The most severe blizzard in the The congressional policy has also reinforced Karmanlis, in Switzerland this month history of Rhode Island struck the state on growing Turkish doubts about the value of showed signs that these two nations may be February 6 and 7, 1978, causing thousands of the American alliance. They see a lack of able to resolve some of their differences, in­ citizens to be stranded in vehicles on the purpose and clarity in American policy, an cluding the causes of grief and friction on highways, forcing some to seek refuge in any occasional inability to distinquish between Cyprus. we should look upon these talks shelter at hand, and isolating others in their friends and enemies, and an alarming fickle­ with cautious optimism. The most signifi­ homes or places of employment; and ness. cant thing so far is that they are talking. Whereas, The units of the United States The policy of this Administration is un­ Army and the Rhode Island National Guard The newspaper on March 28th carried a doubtedly still in the making but very close rendered invaluable emergency assistance by Turkish announcement of a re-evaluation of to presentation to the Congress. Deputy clearing high ways, providing land and air its ties to NATO and its relationship with transportation for emergencies, rescuing per­ the United States. Turkish Premier Ecevit Secretary of State Christopher is in Ankara now. There are no details from the State De­ sons in distress, delivering food and medical has also announced his intention to visit the supplies; and by countless untold heroic and Soviet Union in June to discuss, and possibly partment, but the talks undoubtedly cover a wide range of issues including the Defense selfless acts helped the state to recover from sign, a non-aggression pact with Moscow. this disaster; now, therefore, be it Many of the pamphlets, newspapers, and let­ Cooperation Agreements and renewed m111- tary assistance. Resolved, That the General Assembly of ters I receive from the various Greek-Ameri­ the State of Rhode Island and Providence can interest groups cite this as evidence that I expect this Administration to reach, just as its predecessor did, the conclush:m that the Plantations expresses its sincere gratitude t he Turks, unlike the Greeks, are temporary and highest praise to the following United allies and should not be trusted. But Greek congressional embargo was a mistake and to recommend approval of the Defense Coopera­ States Army Units: and Turkish cooperation with the United The 36th Engineers Battalion, Fort Ben­ States takes on different connotations ex­ tion Agreements with both Greece and Tur­ key, and resume military assistance to Tur­ ning, Georgia, tending beyond Cyprus when connected with The 7th Engineers Battalion, Fort Polk, U.S. security objectives, policies, and pro­ key as to Greece. It will be difficult because of the domestic policies. But so is Panama Louisiana. grams in the Middle East. For example, when The 3rd Engineers Battalion, Fort Stewart, this country mounted massive resupply mis­ difficult. In my judgment, just as the Pan­ Georgia, sions to Israel from our east coast in 1973 ama treaties are needed so is a new approach bot h Greece and Turkey took a neutral to Greece and Turkey. I see no other way of The 11th Engineers Battalion, Fort Belvoir, stance and made it known that they did being useful in helping the Cypriots settle Virginia, not want their military facilities used in this the problems of Cyprus, restore the vitality The NM Construction Battalion 62, Gulf­ effort. Only Portugal's permission to use the of NATO, and enable the United States to port, Mississippi, and Azores, and our ability to use aerial refuel­ maintain a strong position in the Eastern The 483rd Engineers Battalion, Army Re­ ing tankers across the Mediterranean, en- Mediterranean.e serve, New Bedford, Massachusetts; April 5, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8949 to the following Headquarters and Headquar­ dent of the Byelorussian Congress Com­ change of city population in Byelorussia into ters Detachments of tlie Rhode Island Army mittee of America: Russian, by sending many Russians there for Reserve.National Guard: permanent settlement. Simultaneously, many Troop D fAir) 1st Squadron 26th Cavalry, BYELORUSSIAN CONGRESS Byelorussians, mostly educated youth, are COMMITTEE OF AMERICA, transferred to Siberia and other ethnic ter­ The 243rd Engineers Battalion Team AD, QUEENS, N.Y., March 3,1978. The 861st Engineers Company (Light ritories of the USSR. The Honorable JosEPH P. AnDABBO, Equipment), All important positions in the USSR are The U.S. House of Representatives, held by Russians. To create a misleading The 1118th Engineers Company (Dump Washington, D.C. Truck), impression, some Byelorussian communists DEAR Sm: March, 1978 will be of great are kept in the exposed places, however, The llOth Public Affairs Detachment significance for American citizens of Byel­ (Field Services), without any policy making power. orussian descent. This will be the 60th an­ The Russian language was introduced in The 43rd Military Police Brigade, niversary of the proclamation of independ­ The 118th Military Police Battalion, the BSSR for use by the government, cultural ence from the Byelorussian Democratic Re­ institutions and schools. Only a small part The 1043rd Medical Detachment, public. In occupied Byelorussia, this The 119th Military Police Company, of the rural schools is allowed to use the national observance is not allowed by the Byelo--russian language. The llllth Military Police Company, Soviet Russian Government. The 243rd Military Police Battalion, 85% of the newspapers published in The following events took place in Bye­ BSSR are in Russian, and only some 10% The 115th Military Police Company, lorussia 60 years ago. On December 15, 1917 The 169th Military Police Company, in Byelorussian. The same relationship ex­ the First All-Byelorussian Congress as­ ists for magazine and literary books. All Batteries B and C of the 1st Battalion sembled in Mensk. It consisted of 1,872 rep­ (155T) 103rd Field Artillery, and scientific and technical literature in the resentatives, elected by the people .of all BSSR is printed in Russian only. Batteries A, B, and C and the Service Bat­ ethnographical territories of Byelorussia. tery of the 2nd Battalion (155T) 103rd Field In BSSR, the schools, institutions, farms Bolshevik-Russian delegates were in a small ( colkhozes), museums, libraries, cities. Artillery; minority and were not able to influence the and to the following Rhode Island Air Na­ streets, etc., are named in honor of Russian Congressional decisions. After the Congress communist and tsarist dignitaries, writers, tional Guard units: had chosen independence for the Byelorus­ The 143rd Tactical Airlift Group sian State, the Soviet Russian Army dis­ etc. The 102nd Tactical Control Squadron Russians in Byelorussia are the ruling part persed this national representation. of the population. They represent Byelorus­ The 281st Combat Communications Group; However, on March 25, 1918 the Council of and be it further sia before foreigners, giving the false impres­ this Congress proclaimed the independence sion that Byelorussians are the same as Rus­ Resolved, That the Secretary of State be of the Byelorussian Democratic Republic. A and he hereby is authorized and directed to sians. Those Russians are organizing in the new Byelorussian Government organized the entire Byelorussia their own clubs, choirs, transmit duly certified copies of this resolu­ administration in the country and started tion to the aforementioned units.e folklore entertainments, pushing aside Byelo­ the formation of military forces, schools, russian ethnic culture. cultural activity, and the revitalizaton of Buildings in the BSSR are erected in typi­ economy devastated by the war. BYELORUSSIAN INDEPENDENCE cal Russian pseudo-classical style. But an· Ignoring the right of self-determination of cient Byelorussian buildings and monuments DAY nations, Soviet Russia created a fictitious of independent style of architecture are de­ state, the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Re­ stroyed. HON. JOSEPH P. ADDABBO public (BSSR) on January 1, 1919 and in­ The eastern part of Byelorussia, with cities vaded Byelorussia with its own Red Army, and of Smalensk, Bransk, Roslaul, Nevel, etc., OF NEW YORK subsequently conquered most of Byelorus­ annexed to the Russian SFSR, is treated as IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES sia. Concluding a peace treaty with Poland an eternal part of Russia. Nothing of Byelo­ in Riga in 1921, the Moscow Government, Wednesday, April 5, 1978 without representatives from the BSSR, russian is allowed in this part. e Mr. ADDABBO. Mr. Speaker, on divided the territory of Byelorussia as fol­ Despite the huge devastations and severe lows: the BSSR was alloted a territory of six oppression by Russian Government, the Byel­ March 25, Congress and others through­ counties of the Mensk District only, with a orussian people are preserving their own na­ out the world observed the 60th anniver­ population of approximately 1.2 million. tional character. Byelorussians fought for sary of the independence of the Byelo­ Poland was given approximately 100,000 sq. their independence during World War 1. Dur­ russian Democratic Republic. I am km. of Byelorussia with a population of ing World War 2, the Second All-Byelorus­ pleased to join with my colleagues in about 4.0 million. Approximately 250,000 sian Congress convened in Mensk on June 27, commerating this important event. Only sq. km. of Byelorussian territory with a 1944. This Congress annulled all ties of Byelo­ population of over 9.0 million was annexed russia. with Russia, and approved a proclama­ 2 years after our own Bicentennial Year, tion of independence for Byelorussian Demo­ it is appropriate that we consider the directly to the Russian SFSR. In this way the Soviet Russian Government brutally cratic Republic, according to the declaration precious nature of freedom and the mil­ suppressed the aims of the Byelorussian of 1918. The Byelorussian National Guard lions of people who live in captive na­ people for independence, and turned them fought for the liberation and independence tions. into a colonial people of Soviet Russian em­ of Byelorussia. Just 10 months after Byelorussia an­ pire. Membership of the BSSR in the USSR, The new Constitution of the USSR, ap­ nounced its independence, on March 25, created by Moscow Government in 1922, is a proved in 1977, has changed nothing in the 1918, the people of that nation were de­ mere formality used for propaganda pur· formal and real situation of Byelorussia. The prived of their liberty as the result of poses, especially abroad. new national anthem of the USSR. approved All policy of the Soviet Russian Govern­ in 1977, accentuated openly the conqueror's a Bolshevik expansionism. Each year, character for the Great Russian nation in the Americans of Byelorussian descent and ment toward Byelorussia was directed to ex­ ploitation of its natural resources and popu­ USSR. their neighbors all over the world stop to lation. At the same time Russia tried to de­ We are sure that in the future, when a remember the historic event which led stroy all ethnic and cultural distinctions of favorable situation will appear, Byelorussians to the brief period of freedom for Byelo­ Byelorussia. It strove to assimilate Byelo­ will fight again with arms in hand for their russians and the subsequent enslavement russians transforming them into unified So­ liberation from Soviet Russian colonialism. of those courageous people. viet Russian nations. Very respectfully yours, The Soviet Union has adopted a most Soviet Russian Government, during 60 JOHN KOSIAK, unfortunate policy of spiritual and cul­ years of domination, has accomplished a President. great destruction of the national Byelorus­ MICHAEL SIENKO, tural genocide against the people. They Secretary.e have tried to stamp out the hope for sian heritage. Starting in 1927 thousands of Byelorussian intelligentsia were annihilated. freedom, but it is too strong to be ex­ The main segment of Byelorussian peasantry. tinguished. The Soviet Union have been about 2 million, were shot or deported to the RURAL DEVELOPMENT unsuccessful because there is moral sup­ concentration camps of Siberia at the time of CONFERENCE port from the free world. collectivization of agriculture. Waves of mass The participation of Congress in these terror passed through Byelorussia. They an­ ceremonies is a reminder that freedom nihilated a new, growing, nationally con­ Hon. Theodore M. (Ted) Risenhoover once obtained must be retained with scious generation. After World War 2, Rus­ sian detachments of political police, called OF OKLAHOMA every bit of energy at our command. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES That is the lesson for Americans as "Smersh", investigated the entire population of Byelorussia. They annihilated around one Wednesday, April 5, 1978 we express our sympathies and support million "unreliable" Byelorussians. for the people of Byelorussia. In reality, the Soviet Russian Government 0 Mr. RISENHOOVER. Mr. Speaker, Without objection, I wish to include uses a policy of genocide toward the Byelo­ during the district work period, I spon­ a letter to me from John Kosiak, presi- russian nation. Presently it is intensifying sored a conference on rural development 8950 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 5, 1978 in Eastern Oklahoma. It was a stimulat­ "We're trying to organize these small cities and should develop a new formula for fund ing session most ably reported by the into a lobbying organization and we've found allocation based upon underemployment .• a lot of interest from the people we've con­ Muskogee Daily Phoenix. tacted," Risenhoover said. There were many viable and visionary It was Risenhoover who opened the con­ CYPRIOT SELF-DETERMINATION proposals advanced during the confer­ ference with a call "to make the rural part AND THE TURKISH ARMS EM­ ence. Particularly impressive was a sug­ of our country more livable." The Tahlequah BARGO gestion by Mr. Jimmy Leake, an aggres­ Democrat also reviewed his legislative sive and far-sighted entrepreneur and achievements and goals. civic leader from Muskogee. Mr. Leake He said making rural areas more livable HON. NORMAN E. D'AMOURS would solve the problem of urban overcrowd­ OF NEW HAMPSHIRE cited our national electrical grid and the ing and "other complexities of city life. interstate highway system as great na­ "Our system of government was not de­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tional achievements. He suggests that signed to deal with the problems of the high­ Wednesday, April 5, 1978 Congress explore a similar network of ly concentrated urban areas," he said. water systems and sewerage disposal "If we enrich these eastern Oklahoma e Mr. D'AMOURS. Mr. Speaker, I systems. He sees this need as America's hills, if we clean the salt out of the Arkansas would like to express my opposition to next great public works undertaking-a River and gain the blessing of clean water President Carter's request that Congress commendable suggestion. from that source, if we fix the bridges and totally lift the U.S. arms embargo attract the capital, we will see our children against Turkey without first receiving a I ask unanimous consent to reprint an settling near our homes to raise their fami­ article from the Phoenix, written by two lies," he said. public commitment from Turkey to able reporters, Ray Crow and Jim East, The proposed diversion of salt from the move toward a resolution of the Cyprus which tells about other parts of the Arkansas River has become a major stated problem. conference. goal of the congressman and U.S. Senator The President has reportedly received The article follows: Henry Bellman of Oklahoma. "private assurances" that if we lift the RURAL LEADERS URGED TO FIGHT URBAN TREND The theme of his address Thursday was embargo, Turkey will then yield on the moving away of young Oklahomans to (By Ray Crow and Jim East) Cyprus. I submit that this policy of rely­ cities to find jobs and the need to provide ing on diplomacy by "private assur­ WESTERN HILLS LODGE.-Congressmen WhO opportunities nearer home. represent more than half of Oklahoma's rural "Our greatest reward-if we do things ances" and secret agreements has al­ counties urged leaders of those areas Thurs­ right-is that we will stop the migration ready proven to be a complete failure. day to band together to reverse a federal of children and grandchildren away from our In October of 1975 Congress partially spending trend aimed at large urban cities. homes. We will stabilize our economy and eased the embarg.o against Turkey. De­ The near 200 people attending the first thus we will have a more firm structure of spite the subsequent sale of several hun­ day of a rural-development conference at this family life in our society." dred million dollars of weapons to Tur­ state lodge also heard federal administrators Oklahoma State University agricultural key, and despite the private assurances and an agricultural economics professor in economist Dr. Luther Tweeten followed Ris­ addition to the talks by U.S. Representative enhoover with a systematic review of rural given to Henry Kissinger that progress Ted Risenhoover and U.S. Representative development problems a lesson in economics on Cyprus would result, there has been Wes Watkins. and a series of policy suggestions. no effort by the Turkish Government to Risenhoover, who represents the 17-county Tweeten said federal policy on rural devel­ withdraw from its occupation of Cyprus Second Congressional District, is sponsoring opment is "severely fragmented" and also or to restore the right of self-determina­ the two-day conference that was highlighted criticized President Jimmy Carter's urban tion to all the people of that country. by his and Watkins' remarks during the day policy proposals. Mr. Speaker, President Carter's will­ and a talk by the co-chairman of the Ozarks The proposals have been described in na­ ingness to lift the embargo before receiv­ Regional Commission at a Thursday night tional reports as a consolidation of existing banquet. programs already aimed at large urbanized ing from Turkey a firm public commit­ Pat Danner, co-chairman of the federal areas. ment to yield on Cyprus comes as a commission, said prospects are good for Okla­ "The idea that cities are the most im­ particular disappointment when con­ homa and the five-state region she oversees. portant is not correct," Tweeten said. "Rural trasted with his position on Cyprus and However, Danner qualified her remarks some­ areas can make a case their problems are on Greek-Turkish relations as expressed what. more severe." in the 1976 presidential campaign. I sub­ "What has been a poor and declining re­ The only part of the Carter proposal which mit for the REcORD the text of two of Mr. gion has turned around and now stands on is attractive for rural areas is a willingness to the verge of rather certain dramatic growth," allow them to draw from a development bank Carter's campaign position papers on said the rural Missouri native. which would serve the cities, Tweeten said. these issues: "But the region faces some short-term He displayed figures which indicated rural THE CYPRUs CoNFLICT problems associated with these new prospects areas have greater poverty, unemployment, For more than twenty years, Greece and and some longer term, fundamental threats underemployment and substandard housing Turkey together have held the southern to development," she added. than urban areas. flank of NATO and helped maintain the "The most obvious long-term issues are But government expenditures are less per security of the Mediterranean. Both, as part an adequate water supply, a swell as an ade­ person in rural than in urban areas. of our joint alliance, have given base rights quate e_nergy supply." He said government expenditures should and other invaluable support to the United The Ozarks Regional Commission is one of not be based upon unemployment figures, "a States. It is very much in our own national the many federal agencies represented at very biased measure. interest that our close relationship with both the conference, and is instrumental in sev­ "We need to adopt a new formula, just to countries continue. eral ongoing eastern Oklahoma water de­ get fair treatment." Unfortunately, their relations with each velopment projects. Unemployment figures are not much differ­ other have for many years been troubled by While Danner spoke on familiar subjects, ent for rural and urban areas, he said, but conflicts over Cyprus. Since the coup against it was Watkins and Risenhoover who seemed underemployment is radically worse in rural Archbishop Makarios and the Turkish in­ to set the tone. areas. vasion of Cyprus over two years ago, these Watkins, who represents the Third Con­ Underemployment, where "the discouraged differences have become so serious as to gressional District, lashed out at President worker" is not working to his potential be­ threaten the security of NATO and the Carter's new urban policy, which appears on cause of lack of opportunity or other reasons, good relations of both countries with us. the surface to be aimed at the large metro· is estimated at 25 per cent in rural areas, It is a major U.S. interest that harmony in politan areas facing migration of their popu· compared to 17.8 per cent in urban areas, the alliance be restored. The Republican Ad­ lation to the Southwest. Tweeten said. ministration has failed to deal with the "It barely touched rural America," the Tweeten said the government subsidizes situation in three respects: it has failed to Ada Democrat said about the urban policy. high-cost living locations and encourages exert its influence effectively to bring about "You might ask why? It is because their land speculation which hurts the farmer. a settlement in Cyprus during the five years (big cities) voice is like a 30-30 and ours is A capital gains tax break encourages land before the Cyprus crisis; it failed, despite re­ like buckshot," Watkins said. speculation, he said. Subsidizing utility serv­ peated warnings, to prevent the 1974 coup "But now we realize that if we join to­ ices for rural areas also encourages demand against Makarios engineered by the former gether we can get that voice of a 30-30 and for rural land. military dictatorship in Athens; it failed to make them listen to our needs," he added. He recommended persons be allowed to prevent or even to limit the Turkish invasion Risenhoover later echoed those remarks move where they like, but don't subsidize of Cyprus that followed. This administration saying similar rural development confer­ them. therefore bears a large share of the responsi­ ences are being held across the country and He also said the government needs to "press bility for the dangerous deterioration in our additional ones will be held in Oklahoma. forward" with development of cheaper energy relations with Greece and with Turkey. April 5, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8951 We should now exert our influence in leagues' benefit the text of a resolution European Convention on Human Rights, in­ every feasible and constructive way to help which was unanimously endorsed and cludmg systematic killings of civilians, rape, Greece, Turkey and the Cypriots resolve their adopted by 44 Greek organizations from massive looting, deportation, torture, and differences. Only if we are able to maintain other acts against noncombatants as reported the confidence of all three, however, can we around the Nation at a conference held in the London Sunday Times (January 23, hope to be listened to. in Washington, D.C. on March 12, 1978. 1977); and Any solution that is to endure must be a I think this resolution very clearly spells Whereas, Turkey has refused to cooperate just one. It must protect the rights of both out why a resumption of arms sales to with the International Red Cross and other the Greek majority and the Turkish minor­ Turkey at this time would pose a serious international agencies in determining the ity on the island, including the rights of threat to the Greek population on fate of 2100 Greek Cypriots, most of them those displaced from their homes by the Cyprus. civilians, and a reported 8 American citizens, Turkish invasion. The resolution follows: missing since the July 1974 Turkish invasion The United States cannot impose a solu­ and occupation of Cyprus; and tion. It can and must help; but only agree­ RESOLUTION Whereas, Turkey has forcibly expelled over ment among the three governments direct­ Whereas, Turkey violated the Foreign Mlli­ 18,000 Greek-Cypriot inhabitants from their ly concerned can restore harmony and tary Sales & Foreign Assistance Acts of 1961 homes in the occupied zone, violating cease­ cooperation. by the illegal use of U.S.-supplied arins for fire agreements and international laws per­ Secret and _personal agreements are no its massive invasion and occupation of taining to the rights of civilians and non­ substitute for a clear commitment to an Cyprus; and combatants in occupied territories; and e-arly settlement which gives Cyprus its Whereas, Turkey continues to violate these Whereas, at the same time, Turkey has independence. acts by its continued lllegal military occu­ engaged in a systematic lllegal colonization I feel most distressed that Mr. Kissinger's pation of Cyprus with 30,000 Turkish troops policy by settling an estiinated 25,000 Turk­ recent agreement with the Turkish govern­ armed with U.S.-supplied arms and equip­ ish nationals from its mainland in the ment was not coupled with an agreement ment including over 300 U.S.-supplied tanks; lands and homes of the displaced Greek which promised more rapid progress toward and Cypriots, contrary to the same international a just solution for the Cyprus tragedy. In my Whereas U.N. Resolution 3212, passed unan­ laws and U.N. Resolution 3395 (Paragraph judgment, we would be negligent of the imously on November 1, 1974, calls for the 6) and continues to violate U.S. statutory moral issues and courting longer-range removal of all foreign troops, the safe re­ provisions which prohibit such colonization disaster if we fail to couple the improve­ turn of all refugees to their homes, and the (Public Law 94-329, Sec. 403); and ment in relations with Turkey with in­ restoration of the independence, sovereignty Whereas, Turkey has most recently creased fair progress on the Cyprus issue and territorial integrity of the Republic of threatened to colonize the Varosha section along the lines I have outlined above. Cyprus, and has been endorsed by this Ad­ cf Famagusta; and ministration as well as the previous Ad­ Whereas, in Turkey, the present Turkish GREECE AND TURKEY ministration; and Government, as have previous ones, con­ The continuing tensions between Greece Whereas, Turkey has refused to comply tinues to violate the human rights of its and Turkey damage the NATO alliance and with U.N. Resolution 3212 and subsequent minority citizens--ethnic, cultural and re­ endanger stability in the eastern Mediter­ U.N. General Assembly and Security Coun­ ligious, including Arabs, Armenians, Geor­ ranean. If these two allies of the United cil Resolutions; and gians, Greeks, Kurds and Lazis, and others, States are to play a vigorous role in the Whereas, Turkey violated the U.N. Charter, by abridging or denying their rights alliance, there must be a just and rapid Chapter I, Article II, Paragraph 3 which as defined in articles 37 and 41 of the settlement of the tragic situation in Cyprus. states that all members- Lausanne Treaty, the United Nations Declara­ The policy of the Ford Administration of "Shall settle their international disputes tion of Human Rights, and the Helsinki tilting away from Greece and Cyprus has by peaceful means in such a manner that Agreements of 1975; and proved a disaster for NATO and for Amer­ international peace and security and justice Whereas, the Turkish federal and local ican security interests in the eastern Medi­ are not endangered", governments have continued to harass, re­ terranean. and Chapter I, Article II, Paragraph 4, strict and intervene in the affairs of both Despite repeated warnings, the administra­ which states that-- the Greek and Armenian Orthodox Churches tion failed to prevent the 1974 coup against "All members shall refrain in their inter­ and Patriarchates in Istanbul, contrary to President Makarios engineered by the for­ national relations from the threat or use of the Lausanne Treaty, the United Nations mer military dictatorship in Athens. The ad­ force against the territorial integrity or Declaration of Human Rights, and the con­ ministration failed to prevent or even limit political independence of any state, or in any cept of religious freedom; and the Turkish invasion that followed. The ad­ manner inconsistent with the purpose of Whereas, a 100 page report prepared for ministration failed to uphold either princi­ the U.N."; and the United Nations Educational, Social and ple or the rule of law in the conduct of our Whereas, Turkey is in violation of the Cultural Organization (UNESCO) docu­ foreign policy. Americ-an law requires that fundamental principles of th-e NATO Charter, ments the methodical and widespread loot­ arms supplied by the United States be used as expressed in the Preamble which states: ing and vandalism of Greek Churches in the solely for defensive purposes. "The parties of this Treaty reaffirm their occupied north of Cyprus; and Today, more than two years later, no prog­ faith in the purposes and principles of the Whereas, arms transfers to Turkey from ress toward a negotiated solution of Cyprus Charter of the United Nations and their de­ the United States would be directly con­ has been made. sire to live in peace with all peoples and all trary to the policy of providing no assistance The lack of progress is disappointing and Governments. to a country which engages in the violation dangerous. Peace must be based upon the "They are determined to safeguard the of internationally recognized human rights United National General Assembly Resolu­ freedom, common heritage and civilization (Public Law 94-329. Section 502B); tion 3212 of November 1, 1974, endorsed by of their peoples, founded on the principles of Therefore, be it resolved there should be Cyprus, Greece and Turkey, calling for, democracy, individual liberty and the rule of no further aid or arins transfers to Turkey among other things, the removal of all foreign law. of whatever nature until there is an agreed military forces from Cyprus. The widely re­ "They seek to promote stability and well­ settlement on Cyprus and Turkey is in com­ ported increase in colonization of Cyprus by being in the North Atlantic area.", pliance with our laws (the U.S. Foreif!:n As­ Turkish military should cease. Greek-Cypriot sistance and Military Sales Acts), the NATO refugees should be allowed to return to their and Article I, which states: "The parties undertake, as set forth in Charter, and the unanimous U.N. Resolution homes. Both Greek and Turkish-Cypriots 3212 endorsed by President Oarter.e should be assured of their rights, both dur­ the Charter of the United Nations, to set­ ing and after the withdrawal of all foreign tle any international dispute in which they troops from Cyprus. may be involved by peaceful m-eans in such TUITION TAX CREDIT The impasse on Cyprus must be broken. a manner that international peace and secu­ The United States must be prepared to work rity and justice are not endangered and to with others, including the United Nations, refrain in their international relations from HON. FORTNEY H. (PETE) STARK to insure the independence, territorial in­ the threat or use of force in any manner in­ tegrity and sovereignty of Cyprus. consistent with the purposes of the United OF CALIFORNIA In addition, the dispute over rights in the Nations"; and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Aegean must be resolved peacefully, under Whereas, the Turkish invasion of Cyprus Wednesday, April 5, 1978 international law. Provocations must be resulted in over 4500 dead, 2100 missing in avoided. action and 200,000 Greek Cypriots made • Mr. STARK. Mr. Speaker, in recent Greece and Turkey are and must remain hom-eless in their own country; and weeks we have faced a controversy over our allies within NATO and neighbors at Whereas, the illegal occupation of Cyprus proposals. H.R. 9332 and S. 2142, to ex­ peace with each other within the community is supported by Turkey at an estimated cost tend a tuition tax credit to families with of nations. of $3 billion, and we as American taxpayers refuse to subsidize the illegal occupation of children in private elementary and sec­ The United States must pursue a foreign Cyprus; and ondary schools. These measures would policy based on principle and in accord with also extend this credit to college stu­ the rule of law. Whereas, the Commission on Human Rights of the Council of Europe has found Turkey dents, as higher education costs have I would also like to submit for my col- guilty of violating seven articles of the climbed skyward in recent years. 8952 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 5, 1978 I would like to say at the outset that I whatever. For some families even a little the tract owners to advantageously sell the sympathize with the aims of these pro­ help can mean the difference between properties two or three times over. posals and fully realize what it costs to giving their children an adequate educa­ Some of what was being said was fact, as the solid citizens of Simi Valley were well send a child to school. I cannot, how­ tional opportunity and failure. We all aware. The consequence of this growth ever, support these proposals because know that educational costs have risen. splurge and accompanying problexns was that they fail to recognize that the financial Just today a report was released which some people lost their sense of pride in the burdens of educating a child are not projected college tuition fees to rise 6 city, a condition that caused deep concern solely confined to private schools, for all percent in the next year, so this legisla­ among the few who had confidence in the parents must make annual expenditures tion is needed. valley's future. for books, supplies, clothing, and so forth, Enter City Manager Malcolm, whose back­ I would hope that my colleagues see ground in municipal administration included none of which have been left untouched that this legislation will allow them to In service in Claremont and San Marino, two of by the ravages of inflation. short, it face their constituents with a clear con­ the southland's gem cities, before he went off costs money to send a child to school, re­ science that they have supported some­ to Sacramento to help in the Reagan regime. gardless of the type of school he or she thing that will help everyone trying to The first order of business upon arrival in attends. raise a family, and not just the select few 1974 was to restore community pride by fos­ My basic complaint with the pending who happen to attend private schools. tering increased citizen involvement and by legislation is that they make a distinc­ This legislation will result in tax ex­ his own administrative performance-and the tion between parents with children in penditures of roughly the same magni­ extent to which the Malcolm management private schools and parents with children tude as the major proposals that have team has succeeded at this date is worthy of in school anywhere. There are approxi­ textbook treatment. been offered, and is eminently more fair.e There are wide thoroughfares in the City mately 5.3 million children enrolled in of Simi Valley now, and many are lined with private elementary and secondary young trees and decorative plantings, some of schools and about 44 million children ln THE STEPCHILD THAT WAS SIMI them provided by service organizatlan volun­ public schools. I question whether we teers. A new public service center, adjacent can, in good conscience, say to the par­ to the city's water treatment facility, is a ents of children in public schools, "No, HON. BARRY M. GOLDWATER, JR. handsome 19,000-square-foot complex nestled you don't need a tax credit!" while giving OF CALIFORNIA in what looks like a park at the west end. A one to the private schoolchildren. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES new civic and cultural center is rising on the other side of the expansive city limits, a 42- Another major drawback with the Wednesday, April 5, 1978 a.cre development that wlll ultimately em­ Packwood-Moynihan proposal is that it e Mr. GOLDWATER. Mr. Speaker, brace a principal municipal building, public raises serious constitutional questions. as library, and county, state and federal service it would extend Federal aid, in the form hardly a day goes by that newspaper offices, with an adjacent 20 acres being de­ of the tax credit, to schools which are reports do not tell us about the plight voted to a community park. affiliated with religious organizations. of our communities, and the decay of In the residential areas, recent rains proved We have all been subjected to an intense our neighborhoods. We are regaled by the drainage and sewer service problems have lobbying effort on the part of organiza­ reports of cities in crisis; even the Pres­ been almost totally resolved. The measure of tions representing private schools. These ident recently saw fit to make a major citizen involvement is at peak level, thanks address on this subject. But to those to a Neighborhood Council program begun organizations cross all religious lines, and shortly after Simi Valley's incorporation in admittedly it is quite tough to disagree who are concerned about this problem, 1969. The Neighborhood Council is a recog­ with a person wearing black, but in this I would say they should read about a nized component of the city government, and case we must. Simple equity dictates that place in the 20th Congressional District its advice on various problexns or far improve­ we cannot discriminate with a credit of of California that I am proud to repre­ ment of city government services is never this nature. sent: Simi Valley, Calif. This city, under taken lightly by the elected five-man City My answer to this dilemma is quite dynamic leadership with an interested Council, of which Ginger Gherardi is the new simple. If we accept the premise that citizenry, has undergone an amazing mayor, or by Manager Malcolm. "This is how transformation in the last several years. we have decentralized our government," he all parents must pay the costs of educat­ said, "-by keeping the ball in the people's ing their children and I think that we The editor of a Ventura County news­ court and let them knock it around." can agree on this and if we also concur paper, the Star-Free Press, tells about Residential construction has slowed in the that a tax credit is the means by which the transformation in the following past year ( $7 mlllion in new construct1on per­ we should aid families; then we should article, and I would like to share it with mits were issued for the first two months of also agree that this assistance should go my colleagues: 1978) , affording opportunity for the city ad­ to all families on an equal basis. THE STEPCHILD THAT WAS SIMI ministration to catch its breath. One impor­ tant new project to the East is the Indian Today, GEORGE MILLER, Senator WIL­ (By Julius Gius) Hills development of handsome homesites on LIAM HATHAWAY, and myself are intro­ A part of any editor's responsibility is to a championship golf course to be built by the ducing the "Education Fiscal Assistance keep abreast of his area's development, so Park and Recreation District, an entity sepa­ Act of 1978." This bill proposes that a I hit the road one rainy day recently to get rate from the city government. There are $100 refundable tax credit be given for better acquainted with the City of Simi Chumash Indian oa.ves in the hills, and the every dependent child that is enrolled in Valley. Things have been happening so recreational development wlll open them to a public or private elementary second­ swiftly there-it's now Ventura County's public view. ary, post-secondary, and graduate pro­ second largest city with population at 74,000 Malcolm is especially proud of the pollee plus-that my conception of the area was department. With a federal grant exceeding gram. In addition, this credit will be far outdated. $500,000 over a three-year period, an exten­ available for children that are attending Among the most dynamic of governmental sive Neighbors Against Burglary program a certified preschool education program executives I've ever met is Richard Malcolm, was launched by the department and is pay­ such as Head Start. city manager of Simi Valley. He is so per­ ing off in a reduced crime rate. As a measure This measure has four major advan­ sonally involved in the many aspects of of the department's efficiency in law enforce­ tages over the Packwood-Moynihan leg­ civic planning and administration, and so ment, he notes that .44 percent of all crimes islation. First, it will benefit some 60 enthusiastic about what has already hap­ reported are cleared by arrests. million people rather than the 16 million pened, that he seizes upon the opportunity And the City of Simi Valley intends to be located in private, elementary, and sec­ to expound almost nonstop to any wllling more than a "bedroom" for those who work listener such as I, who counted it time well in the San Fernando Valley and Los Angeles. ondary schools and in college. Se::ond, spent. Malcolm and his colleagues have launched a our legislation meets the test of constitu­ When the growth exploded by 15,000 comprehensive program for commercial and tionality by extending the tax credit homes, most of them built prior to the industrial development with the opening of regardless of the type of school that a city's incorporation in 1969, Simi Valley an industrial park on the West side. They child attends. Third, this legislation will had a lot of detractors on the outside. They foresee from 600 to 1,000 job opportunities serve as an incentive for parents to keep said the planning was woefully inadequate, there, some of them opening up this year. their children in school, finally, and most the residential tracts too tacky, drainage Commercial construction continues apace importantly it is a far more equitable tax and sewage fac111ties lacking, and so on. It for neighborhood shopping centers, office policy. was described as a near disaster area where complexes and various service businesses­ the homes were dealt off to underfinanced all part of the greater job base that Malcolm Admittedly, $100 is not a large sum, young famllles that couldn't afford to keep visualizes to minimize commuting and to but it does at least purchase a new out­ them and ultimately skipped out without make for a healthier local economic fit for the children, some extra supplies, paying their utillty bllls, thus permitting environment. April 5, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8953 There is another factor that distinguishes after another: of the appointment of an ad­ called the enhanced radiation/ reduced blast Simi Valley: It is one of the largest cities in vocate of unilateral disadmanent as the chief warhead. The only difference between the the nation without a general fund property American SALT negotiator, of a presidential new warhead and the ones it would replace tax. Malcolm has been able thus far to carry decision to promote a Panama Canal treaty in Europe is that it would produce a. smaller out his program with state subventions, that--originally, at least-provided inade­ explosion, accomplishing the same m111tary principally from sales ·tax income, and with quately for American defense interests, of a mission with less collateral damage. Nothing grants-in-aid that his staff pursues ener­ presidential decision to scrap plans for the else would change, but a combination of getically in Sacramento and Washington. All B-1 bomber and of a. presidential effort to anti-nuclear emotionalism, misleading press told there are more than 30 capital improve­ stunt the Navy. Now the wires are crackling reporting and Soviet propaganda has turned ment projects in the current city budget, en­ with unconfirmed reports that President Car­ the weapon into a cause celebre. tailing outlay of $12 million. That this work ter has reversed an earlier decision and will The salient technical points are as follows: is being done without a general tax rate abandon plans to produce a neutron bomb. The defense of Europe against the over­ comes pretty close to being a fiscal miracle. Soviet leaders should be especially thrilled whelming Soviet land armies has long been by this latest report, for they have been the predicated on the use of tactical nuclear No wonder the International City Man­ neutron bomb's chief critics. Naturally. It weapons; some 7,000 nuclear warheads are agement Association has singled out the City would make an awesomely potent addition to already in place. At the low yields of tactical of Simi Valley !or its "outstanding govern­ the Western democracies arsenal; and Soviet weapons, the chief lethal effect is nuclear mental innovations." No wonder the Ameri­ technology at the moment, is incapable of radiation. The current warheads also pro­ can Society of Public Administration has matching or offsetting it. A presidential deci­ duce large blast and thermal effects; the cited its "outstanding achievements.'' ~o sion against development of the bomb would ER/ RB warhead would reduce these effects. wonder U.S. News & World Report has named give Russia time to develop one of their own. perhaps facilitating allied m111tary opera­ it as one of the top 10 cities in the nation But while the Russians should be overjoyed tions and certainly saving a lot of property where rich and promising urban develop­ by Mr. Carter's reported decision, the Ameri­ while the battle is being fought. ment will occur. No wonder the American In­ can people should be outraged and horrified. The arguments offered against the weapon stitute of Planners has hailed it for "ad­ The president's decision would deprive the are ( 1) it is inhumane to kill by radiation, dressing successful planning and manage­ United States of an effective defensive weap­ as opposed to killing by blasts or burns, (2) ment techniques." And no wonder the Ladies on without exacting a. sacrifice or promise nuclear weapons that might be used without Home Journal recently called it "one of the of any kind from the Soviet Union. Such a blowing up the world increase the likelihood 15 best suburbs in the United States." decision would be contrary to the advice of of nuclear war and (3) it annoys the Soviet The City of Simi Valley, once a stepchild the president's highest defense and foreign Union. Whatever the merits of these argu­ that Ventura County hid in a corner, has affairs experts-secretary of Defense Harold ments, they apply to the warheads already in shed its awkward adolescence and is headed Brown, Secretary of State Cyrus R. Vance place. If we accept the arguments, it follows for a prideful, meaningful destiny. Go see and National Security Adviser Zbigniew not only that we should not deploy the ER/ !or yourself.e Brzezinski-who believe that development of RB warhead, but that we should withdraw the neutron bomb is essential to the security all present defense forces from Europe, rely­ of the United States and of its European ing on the strategic threat to blow up the THE DANGER OF NOT HAVING A NATO allies. NATO leaders share this belief. world if the Soviet armies move. NEUTRON BOMB The bomb, after all, has been intended for There is the added complication of the po­ use primarily as a defensive weapon to litical effects on the alliance if the President t~1.wart a Soviet tank attack against NATO has decided or does decide to ban this war­ HON. J. KENNETH ROBINSON countries. head. When the controversy first arose, the · So why has Mr. Carter decided to forgo U.S. took the position that the Europeans OF VffiGINIA development of the weapon? One reason, ac­ should decide whether it should be deployed IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES cording to unidentified officials quoted in on their territory. The Europeans would Wednesday, April 5, 1978 news stories, is that the president feels that much prefer the U.S. to decide, and take the production of the weapon would violate emotional and political heat. But the West e Mr. ROBINSON. Mr. Speaker, both "some deeply held convictions." And Mr. Car­ German government pulled itself together, as a member of the House Defense ter reportedly was influenced by the views of and now is asking for deployment. After get­ Appropriations Subcommittee and as a Andrew Young, American ambassador to the ting them to take the heat, the reported de­ member of the House Permanent Select United Nations. cision would pull the rug from under them. All this is profoundly disturbing. It is A fine display of American leadership. Committee on Intelligence, I am deeply frightening that Mr. Carter may allow his It has been hard to understand the cur­ alarmed by reports that the President "convictions," no matter how admirable they rent administration on defense issues, and may decide against production of a neu­ might be, to blind him to the deadly reality all the more so in recent weeks. The Presi­ tron bomb, more appropriately described of the threat of communist aggression, to the dent is perfectly capable of making a hard­ as the enhanced radiation/reduced blast fact that the Soviet Union is an amoral ad­ line speech at Wake Forest, and the adminis­ warhead. versary who would not hesitate to decapitate tration is even taking sensible and politically anyone who dared turn the other cheek. It is courageous actions to shore up the strategi­ Today's editorial from the Richmond frightening that Mr. Carter would place more cally dangerous rift with Turkey. At the Times-Dispatch note~: value on the advice of Andrew Young, a same time, it is preparing to gut the Navy The President's decision would deprive the preacher and former congressman whose and offering disarmament proposals that rely United States of an effective defensive knowledge of defense and foreign affairs in­ on asking the International Atomic Energy weapon without exacting a sacrifice or prom­ tricacies is even more limited than his dip­ Agency to verify how much nuclear material ise of any kind from the Soviet Union. Such lomatic skill, than on the advice of acknowl­ the Soviets are using in bombs. a decision would be contrary to the advice edged defense and foreign affairs experts. A presidential decision against the "neu­ of the President's highest defense and for­ One wonders what President Carter is tron bomb" would be an ominous turn in eign affairs experts-secretary of Defense willing to do, if anything, to counter the this curious chain of events. In that event, Harold Brown, Secretary of State Cyrus R. Soviet threat. What weapons would his con­ a message to get serious about defense would Vance and National Security Adviser Zbig­ victions allow him to view as morally accept­ have to be delivered quickly to Mr. Carter niew-who believe that development of the able? Slingshots, perhaps? with whatever means may be available. A neutron bomb is essential to the security loud resignation or two on the part of high of the United States and of its European [From the Wall Street Journal, Apr. 5, 1978] m111tary officials, for example, or on the part NATO allies. A FRIGHTENING REPORT of the U.S. Senate, rejection of the second Today's Wall Street Journal editorial The New York Times reports that Presi­ treaty on the Panama CanaLe commentary also notes: dent Carter has personally decided, against the advice of his Secretary of State, Secre­ The truly scary thing, if the report proves NEUTRON BOMB DEVELOPMENT to be true, is that the President has .. . tary of Defense and National Security Ad­ bought the arguments of the flaky left. viser, to halt the development of the so­ called neutron bomb. So far the White House I request the inclusion of these edi­ officially says the final decision has not been HON. TOM HAGEDORN torials at this point in my remarks for made, but the report has to be described as OF MINNESOTA the further information of colleagues: frightening. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Not so much because of the weapon itself, [From the Richmond Times Dispatch, though it would be a. handy thing to have in Wednesday, April 5, 1978 Apr. 5, 1978] the event of a Soviet tank attack in Europe. e Mr. HAGEDORN. Mr. Speaker, with SLINGSHOTS, PERHAPS? The truly scary thing, if the report proves to Soviet Leader Leonid Brezhnev and his col­ be true, is that the President has turned the debate continuing in this country on leagues in the Kremlin must find it exhila­ aside his top advisers and bought the argu­ the merits of deploying the so-called rating to listen to the news from Washington. ments of the flaky left. neutron bomb in several European Since Jimmy Carter moved into the White There are no serious arguments against NATO countries, I believe that the fol­ House, they have heard one cheering report the deployment of this weapon, properly lowing articles from the European press 8954 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 5, 1978 may be of interest. As the Frankfurter create damage on the surface. And yet an plication seems "unthinkable," unlikely, or tanks within a periphery of 700 meters from even impossible, will lose their deterrent Allgemeine summarizes: the point of explosion would become inoper­ effect accordingly. The introduction of the neutron weapon able. Their crews would be dead although This is the old problem of the nuclear would provide the West with an advantage most tanks would have resisted the pressure weapons "credibility." Since the threat of over the Soviet Union which it so far has and heat from the explosion. This is the "massive retaliation" has been considered not had. The fact that the weapon could point at which Egan Bahr concluded that doubtful, there exists the need for usable neutralize the three-fold and nearly four­ the invention is morally "perverse." medium, small, and eventually smallest fold superiority of the Soviet Union in com­ Sensitivity, however, falls to take into ac­ "clean" nuclear arms. They have been devel­ bat tanks would be a serious disadvantage count the m111tary-technical and moral-po­ oped over the years. In this process of a quar­ to the Soviet Union-albeit only so long as litical facts. It is not a matter of preserving ter of a century the neutron weapons repre­ it prepared for an attack on W-estern Europe. material values, be it tanks or houses, at the sent a further step in the old direction. It is useless in an offensive capacity for expense of human lives. On the contrary, (paragraph continues) threatening the Soviet Union. it is matter of limiting the effect of arms The possibility of limiting undesired side The full text of these articles : only to the attacking enemy sitting in tanks, effects makes nuclear arms m111tarily acces­ (From the Frankfurt Frankfurter Allge­ while simultaneously sparing the civilian sible. This was often termed as "lowering the meine, Feb. 24, 1978) population and one's own armed forces in threshold." It is contradicted by the fact that the combat area. the credibility of its deterrence is growing ALLIES 0PENLY SUPPORT NEUTRON WEAPON One of the properties of neutron radiation together with the likeliness of its use. Simul­ The Federal Government would prefer not is that it penetrates steel armor with rela­ taneously the likelihood of having to use the to say anything about procuring the neutron tive ease while penetrating sand, rocks, and nuclear weapon which has become more us­ weapon because of SPD resistance, if it could earth rather poorly and it abates rapidly. able is being curtailed. still get the weapon from the U.S. President Entrenched infantry and civ111ans in cellars A third argument against the neutron and Congress. Some other European govern­ are relatively protected. Tank crews in par­ weapon applies to the "balance.'' It is said ments, too, would prefer having their fur ticular are not. This is why the new weapon that a "strategic balance·• exists between the coat washed without getting it wet. They is particularly suited for defense against great powers. As a principle of the framework fear a quarrel with the leftist parties. But entire tank units. It is a significant rein­ of the East-West relationship it makes re­ the latter are not afraid of the nuclear arms forcement of antitank defenses. gional variations in some parts of the world debate. They have succeeded in creating con­ L1miting the effect to a circle with a radius tolerable. Attempts to eliminate regional im­ siderable confusion about the neutron of 600 meters already indicates that the ex­ balances are superfluous or even harmful be­ weapon. plosive charge must be accurately guided. cause they would disturb "detente policy" in Egan Bahr, the SPD manager, and later It requires good technology. It requires rapid Europe. For example, this !s why the "new on the SPD congress in Hamburg expressed and exact reconnaissance, fast communica­ weapon" should not be introduced. Instead resistance to the neutron weapon being de­ tions fa.c111ties, an accelerated decisionmak­ an attempt should be made ~o introduce this ployed in the Federal Republic. Many reser­ ing procedure, and accurate means of deliv­ renunciation in the Vienna forces negotia­ vations remind you of those which were ex­ ery. It 1s obvious to conclude that barrel tions as a bargaining tool. pressed 20 years ago when tactical nuclear artlllery 1s a better means of delivery than weapons were introduced in NATO. As dur­ In this train of thought the neutron weap­ a ballistic missile such as the "Lance." on is regarded as a disturbance in current ing the earlier "atom death" campaign, the But what will become of the "threshold"? Soviets again are trying to exploit the con­ arms control negotiations. Both assumptions, This is an important argument. What 1s however, are not applicable. The strategic fusion and hinder the introduction of the meant is the inhibition in the process of neutron weapon in the West with sinister balance of the superpowers has not at all political decision on the first use of nuclear made regional imbalances more tolerable or threats. The text of Brezhnev's letter ad­ weapons for the purpose of stab111zing a dressed to Western and neutral governments depreciated them. Rather it may be said seems to leave it open as to whether the So­ conventional defense which has begun to that it was the very mutual strategic neu­ viet Union possesses the weapon already or waver dangerously. Inherent 1n the first use tralization of the nuclear great powers which whether it is being developed. is the risk that the aggressor wm ignore this made it possible for Moscow to activate re­ What is involved? First of all. The neutron last warning signal of the defender and pro­ gional imbalances (in Africa, on the oceans, weapon is neither completely different from ceed to let his assault escalate into mutual in the Middle East). Soviet conventional existing nuclear weapons, nor is it a miracle nuclear warfare. This extreme risk of nu­ armament 1n Europe serves the same end. It weapon which would eliminate all Western clear defense is inevitable. Its uncertainty proceeds under the protection of the stra­ nuclear defense difilculties. It is a modern constitutes the respect-commanding core of tegic balance with the United States, as it but not fundamentally "new" nuclear weap­ the whole deterrence idea. In the interest of were. It is intended to torpedo this balance on. Therefore it does not bring up basically peace it should remain an insoluble secret, regionally. It is extremely doubtful whether new ethical-moral or security policy prob­ too. it will be possible at an to establish a real­ lems. They are all old acquaintances. The In the debate on the "threshold" prior to istic arms control formula in the Vienna n·eutron weapon, if at all, takes the edge off the first use it is often overlooked that the forces negotiations, perhaps as an equation of some older nuclear defense problems. That "height of the threshold" is not only deter­ between the withdrawal of certain quan­ facilitates a decision on its intrOduction. mined by the diminution and "sanitation" of tities of Soviet tank units from central Eu­ the nuclear weapons but also by the expendi­ rope beyond the Soviet western border and It is a matter of a new technology. It is ture for conventional deferu;e. The measures the renunciation of the stationing of neu­ more correct to describe the neutron weap­ which the allies initiated last year toward en­ tron weapons or even their production. At ons as weapons with "increased radiation hancing their capabilities in conventional the moment it looks more as though the .and decreased pressure." These are warheads defense in manifold ways are greater in ex­ Soviet Union wants to retain its tank units tor combat weapons such as the "Lance" penditure, quantity, and significance than and to dissuade the West of the strongest missile (range 80 kilometers) and the 203 the modernization of the nuclear battlefield defense weapon against them through anti­ and 155 mm howitzers of the barrel artil­ weapons which everybody is discussing now. nuclear propaganda. Even if Moscow were lery. Like all nuclear arms the neutron war­ This NATO improvement program is hardly respective to a trade of such magnitude, it heads also produce pressure, heat, and elec­ noted. Yet, only in concert with all means of remains very questionable whether the West tromagnetic waves. However, individual pro­ defense is it possible to ascertain whether should offer such a deal at all. The renunica­ portions of these three effects have been the modernization of part of the tactical tion of the weapon would be final, whereas changed. The new warheads are no longer nuclear weapons lowers or raises the "thresh­ the withdrawal of the tanks would be revers­ based on the nuclear fission principle. These old." ible within a few days. are not hydrogen arms. It was possible to The "threshold" is a dubious term anyway. But above all, attention must be devoted increase the radiation component 10 times It detracts from the main concern. In regard to a fundamental political asymmetry of that of the pressure and heat waves. In to deterrence it is not so important what the tanks and the neutron weapon. The intro­ other words: In order to achieve equally defender thinks about his ow -"1 decisions and duction of the neutron weapon would pro­ strong neutron radiation, only one-tenth of how he makes them. The primary emphasis vide the West with an advantage over the the earlier pressure and heat waves must be is on the way in which the attacker per­ SOviet Union which it so far has not had. produced. Secondary radiation in the ceives it and how he responds to it. The The fact that the new weapon could neu­ whirled-up "dirt" can be reduced consider­ "height of the threshold"' of the defender is tralize the threefold and nearly fourfold ably at the same time. security-politically interesting only insofar superiority of the Soviet Union in combat So the undesired side effects of such a as it would keep up the inhibitory threshold tanks would be a serious disadvantage to the combat weapon will be considerably cur­ of the attacker prior to an attack. Soviet Union-albeit only for as long as It tailed. The area and temporr.l effect of the That pertains to all weapons, not only prepared for an attack on Western Europe. weapon wlll be strongly concentrated. En­ nuclear weapons. Their different effect, like It is useless in an offensive capacity for suing damage can be further reduced that of all weapons, depends on the fact that threatening the Soviet Union. Defense weap­ through the choice of the point of explosion. they can really be used. The real possibility ons such as mines or defense weapons If a weapon with 1 kiloton of TNT (with the of using nuclear weapons is a constituent against airplanes, tanks, and submarines same neutron radiation as 10 kilotons pro­ element of their political effect in peace time. cannot at all prOduce a m111tary or political duced earlier) is detonated about BOO meters Nuclear weapons which are considered "po­ imbalance even if a state were to stockpile over the ground, the heat wave wlll no longer litical weapons" because their operative ap- weapons such as mines or defense weapons April 5, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8955 can only correct imbalances. They stabilize that is: So what? There is a particular pur­ of weapons deployed by the Soviet Union a situation-there is nothing more they can pose !or which NATO needs the weapon. It which are not classified as strategic in SALT, do. The neutron weapon-in that respect would not diminish Western security one but which are targeted at Western Europe comparable to the cruise missile-enhances jot if the Russians were also to develop and which therefore must certainly be con­ the deferu;e capability of the West without it since NATO is not contemplating attack­ sidered as strategic by the Europeans. altering its offensive strength. ing Eastern Europe with large formations These weapons include the Backfire and It is therefore desirable that the Federal of tanks. NATO is, we should remember, a Fencer aircraft, and the recently deployed Government and one other alliance partners defensive alliance. ss-20 ballistic missile. (They are variously make up their minds to promote, openly and The second argument concerns arms con­ described as Euro-strategic or continental­ audibly in Washington, the replacement of trol, and therefore ought to be taken more as distinct irom intercontinental-strate­ the old nuclear warheads for the alliance's seriously. It is said that the neutron bomb gic) . They are of concern not only to the battlefield weapons with the new neutron ought to be used as a bargaining counter Germans. Britain, for example, has to face warheads. in order to extract armaments reductions up to the fact that unless it does something from the Warsaw Pact. That is an idea which about it, it will become vulnerable to a [From the London Financial Times, Feb. 3, is worth considering further. Yet the fact Soviet air attack, perhaps only with conven­ 1978] remains that you will not extract conces­ tional weapons, in a way that had long been dismissed as out of the question. There is (By Malcolm Rutherford) sions with a bargaining counter that nobody believes you are going to deploy in the first also the possibility that the Soviet Union is THE SoVIET VETO OVER NATO ARMAMENTS place. The decision to deploy must come achieving the wherewithal to fight a limited The Soviet Union may be about to achieve first. At present the alliance seems simply liability war in Europe: That means that it a major propaganda victory. President Brezh­ to be giving way to Mr. Brezhnev. could strike at Europe without its own heart­ nev has made known his displeasure-most The imminent departure of Herr Georg land necessarily being endangered. recently in letters to NATO heads of govern­ Leber !rom the West German Defense Min­ And that is not all. Not only is the Soviet ment--that the Western alliance is consider­ istry is a cause for regret in many ways. Union extending its strategic capacity in an Ing the introduction of the neutron bomb. Herr Leber, backed by Chancellor Schmidt, area not covered by any form of arms con­ trol negotiations; it now seems certain the President Carter has not helped by saying had become the unquestioned leader of Eu­ that the United States will deploy the weap­ best American response to this new-found ropean NATO. It was he who stood up to Soviet strength-namely the Cruise missile­ on only if the Europeans request it to do so. the Americans when necessary, and who In other words, there is no American leader­ will be included in SALT 2. The point was backed them when he thought that they very well put by Dr. Manfred Woerner, the ship; nor is there much sign of a disposition were right. He presided over great improve­ among the European allies to make the re­ Bonn opposition spokesman on defence, at ments in the West German Armed Forces. the annual international conference orga­ quest. Mr. Brezhnev seems to be winning. Yet although he was conscious that his This apparent readiness to allow the so­ nized by the Wehrkunde Publishing House country made the greatest European con­ in Munich last week-end. The Soviet Union, viet Union what amounts to a right of veto tribution to the alliance, he did not press over Western armaments decisions deserves he said, had succeeded in ensuring that the that fact too far. He did not seek, to use the one medium-range weapon that is definitely closer examination. It is not as if introduc­ once fashionable phrase, bi-gemony with the tion of the neutron bomb would infringe on the SALT agenda is the Western Cruise. United States. It was the more striking that General Haig, either the spirit or the letter of any existing There is no obvious successor to him in armaments agreements. Its deployment the supreme allied commander Europe, who German politics, Chancellor Schmidt him­ sat through the entire conference. made not would be merely part of a process-also en­ self is deeply involved in defence matters, gaged in by the Warsaw Pact--of improving the slightest effort to contradict him. and modernizing tactical nuclear weapons. but he cannot do the job alone. Nor is there It is true that the limitations on Cruise This is an area in which NATO once enjoyed any obvious successor to him as the Eu­ in SALT 2 will probably be confined to a a clear superiority which, over the years has ropean leader of the alliance. Inevitably, three year protocol. They will restrict de­ been steadily eroded by the Warsaw Pact's at least until a German replacement grows ployment rather than development, and they own m111tary build-up. to the job, some of the burden will fall on will apply to the general technology. But the The neutron bomb achieves its effect by Mr. Fred Mulley, the British defence secre­ Germans !or one are worried, and the Ameri­ radiation rather than blast. It is therefore tary. One hopes that he can bear it. cans have yet to come up with any convinc­ sometimes described as the weapon which GERMAN CONCERN ing re-assurance. kills people while leaving buildings and in­ Herr Leber is also going at a time when Finally, to stay on defence, there is an­ frastructure intact. It is conveniently for­ German-American relations in the defence other problem !or the British, and it w111 be gotten by those-like Mr. Brezhnev-who field are not good. The mutual suspicions are interesting to see whether it surfaces before appear to prefer the good old-fashioned nu­ not, in fact, confined to military questions; the general election. Assuming that the next clear systems that exist to destroy both peo­ there is a general lack of rapport between government runs anything like a full term, ple and infrastructure. Arguments that the President Carter and Herr Schmidt which it will almost certainly have to take a deci­ neutron bomb is somehow more inhumane bodes ill for the future of Western coopera­ sion on the successor-if there is to be one­ thus do not stand up. tion. But for the moment it is defence that to the Polaris strategic nuclear deterrent. There are, moreover, particular circum­ is uppermost as a point o! dispute. The present force cannot survive much be­ stances in which the neutron bomb would The principal West German concern is the yond the early 1990s, and perhaps not even be the best possible weapon !or NATO to second Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty reliably till then. Given the long leadtime have. For example, the Warsaw Pact enjoys (SALT 2) which the Americans may con­ necessary to produce a replacement, that considerable superiority in central Europe in clude with the Russians in the course of means that a decision will have to be taken the number of tts tanks. A conventional this year. As Herr Schmidt has himself put within the next two or three years. (that is, non-nuclear) Soviet attack would it, the Germans are worried that "strategic PUBLIC DEBATE rely heavily on concentrated tank forma­ arms limitations confined to the United Dr. David Owen, who is very much a sup­ tions. It is already NATO doctrine that 1! States and the Soviet Union will inevitably porter of the deterrent, is beginning to back such an attack could not be halted by con­ impair the security of the West European into the subject at the Foreign Omce, though ventional means, the alliance would resort members of the alliance vis-a-vis Soviet mil­ he is well a ware he has the Labour Party to to its tactical nuclear arsenal. Yet existing itary superiority in Europe 1! we do not contend with. There has also long been an tactical nuclear weapons destroy indiscrim­ succeed in removing the disparities of mili­ interdepartmental committee looking at the inately and this in an area--central Eu­ tary power in Europe parallel to the SALT possibility of British, or European, Cruise rope-which has a high density of popula­ neJ!'Otiations." missiles. But the public debate seems to be tion. They would inflict widespread collateral There is now virtually no chance of any missing. Not least, it would be worth find­ damage. The neutron bomb would have the such parallel achievement; there simply ing out what the rest of Europe would like purpose of checking tank advances while isn't time for it. The SALT negotiations are Britain to do. For there is, after all, the keeping collateral damage to minimum. too advanced while the negotiations on con­ alternative of putting the resources into 1m­ CREDIBILITY ventional East-West force cuts in central proving our conventional !orces.e It is said, too, that the very process of re­ Europe (known as MBFR) have scarcely got fining or improving nuclear weapons makes off the ground, in spite of four years of talk­ their use more likely. I would prefer to put ing. What upsets Herr Schmidt and the Ger­ PROVIDING ASSISTANCE FOR EDU­ that statement another way: It increases mans, however, is that even if MBFR were CATION OF IMMIGRANT CHILDREN their credib111ty. If the potential aggressor making some progress, there would still be believes that the weapons will be used, he a whole area of weaponry uncovered by may well think twice about attacking. That either negotiation. This situation over­ HON. ROBERT (BOB) KRUEGER is the paradox of deterrence. Enhanced credi­ whelmingly favours the Soviet Union. OJ' TEXAS b111ty makes the use of nuclear weapons not SALT is about strategic weapons, defined more likely, but less. as weapons possessed by the superpowers IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Two final arguments against the neutron capable of striking at each other's heartland. Wednesday, April 5, 1978 bomb need to be countered. The first is that MBFR is basically about ground forces, 1! NATO does deploy it, the Warsaw Pact though tactical nuclear weapons have been e Mr. KRUEGER. Mr. Speaker,. today I will in time do the same. The answer to mentioned. Yet there is now a whole range am introducing a bffi designed to provide 8956 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 5, 1978 assistance to school districts across the which would benefit from enactment of other political subdivision of a State, or such country which must provide free public my legislation are faced with economic combination of school districts or counties as are recognized in a State as an administrative education to substantial numbers of difficulties more severe than those schools agency for its public elementary or secondary immigrant children from Mexico. These impacted by the Indochinese refugees, schools. Such term also includes any other students usually reside in school districts and the number of immigrant children public institution or agency having adminis­ which are already hard pressed to meet is even greater in the districts covered trative control and direction of a public ele­ the educational needs of their normal by my bill than in most school districts mentary or secondary school. school populations and, in fact, many of benefiting from Indochinese refugee (7) The term "immigrant child" means a these school districts are among the least assistance. child born of parents who have emigrated wealthy in the Nation. The school districts impacted by Mex­ from the Republic of Mexico and are not citi­ zens of the United States (other than a child My legislation would provide a one­ ican immigrant students are not respon­ in a family which is in the United States for time payment of $1,000 per immigrant sible for the unfortunate situation in the purpose of representing another govern­ student to school districts meeting one which they find themselves. The influx ment in a diplomatic or similar capacity) and of two eligibility standards. Most dis­ of school-age immigrants is a product of who is provided free public education by a tricts qualifying for aid would fall into a larger national policy which has re­ local educational agency of a State. the first category, that of school districts sulted in thousands of Mexican nationals (8) The term "school faclilties" includes in which 7 percent or more of the total entering this country both legally and classrooms and related fac111ties; and initial illegally, in pursuit of greater personal equipment, machinery, and utilities necessary student population consists of immigrant or appropriate for school purposes; but such children, provided that such children are and economic opportunities. Therefore, term does not include athletic stadiums, or at least 20 in number. A limited number I believe it is entirely appropriate for the structures or facllities intended primarily for of school districts would qualify under Congress to grant this one-time exten­ athletic exhibitions, contests, or games or an alternate formula, which would grant sion of Federal assistance. Free public other events for which admission is to be $1,000 per immigrant student to a sc~10ol education in Texas has already been charged to the general public; district in which immigrant children granted to citizens and legal residents, (9) the term "State" includes the several constituted at least 4 percent but not and to illegal immigrants affected by the States of the union and the District of co­ Federal court decision in the Silva case. lumbia; and more than 7 percent of the total student (10) the term "State educational agency" population, provided that at least 20 A broadening of the educational fran­ means the State Board of Education or other immigrant students are in attendance. chise is in the best national interest, and agency or officer primarily responsible for the However, these latter school districts will provide us with a better-educated State supervision of public elementary and must have taxable wealths considerably and more socially mobile population in secondary schools, or, if there is no such of­ below the State average, indicating that years to come. However, I urge my col­ ficer cr agency, an officer or agency designated the local tax base could not otherwise leagues in the House to pass this bill to by the Governor or by State law. absorb the expense of constructing or insure that we provide the infrastruc­ PUBLIC EDUCATION ENTITLEMENT FOR acquiring facilities for the education of ture necessary to achieve our goal of an IMMIGRANT CHILDREN immigrant children. accessible and quality public education SEc. 3. (a) The Secretary of Commerce This legislation would benefit school for all those who seek it. shall, in accordance with the provisions of The text of my bill follows: this Act, make a grant to each eligible local districts in Texas, Arizona, New Mexico, educational agency for the cons-truction of and California, four States which edu­ H.R. 11883 school facllities in order to assist such agen­ cate the largest number of Mexican im­ A bill to provide financial assistance for cies in providing education to immigrant migrant children. I have researched the school construction to local educational children. situation in Texas, and find that 51,348 agencies educating large numbers of im­ (b.) The amount of the grant to which a immigrant students were enrolled in our migrant children local educational agency is entitled under schools as of January 1977. This figure Be it enacted by the Senate and House of this Act shall be equal to the number of im­ represents almost 2 percent of the entire Representatives of the United States of migrant children aged 5 to 17, inclusive, who America in Congress assembled. That this are in average daily attendance at the schools Texas student _population. Furthermore, Act may be cited as the "Educational As­ of that agency and for whom that agency pro­ the task of educating these students is sistance for Immigrant Children Act of vided free public education during the school not spread evenly throughout the State; 1978". year 1977-78 multiplied by $1,000. the relatively poorer school districts DEFINITIONS (c) (1) A local educational agency shall be closest to the border are most heavily SEC. 2. As used in this Act- eligible to receive a grant under this Act lf- impacted by the migration of :Mexican ( 1) The term "Secretary" means the Sec­ (A) the number of immigrant children in school-age nationals. One such district retary of Commerce. average daily attendance during such school has more than 5,000 such students, and (2) The term "construction" means (A) year at the schools of that agency is equal erection of new or expansion of existing to or greater than 20 and is equal to 7 per a tax base only one-half of the State structures, and the acquisition and Installa­ centum or more of all children aged 5 to 17, average. Another of the affected districts tion of equipment therefore; or (B) acquisi­ inclusive, who are in average daily attend­ has a tax base less than one-sixth of the tion of existing structures not owned by any ance at such school during each year; or State average. Clearly, Federal assistance agency or institution making application for (B) the number of immigrant children in is necessary if these districts are to meet assistance under this Act; or (C) remodeling average daily attendance during such school the educational needs of additional stu­ or alteration (including the acquisition, in­ year at the schools of that agency is equal dents without reducing the quality of stallation, modernization or replacement of to or greater than 20 and is equal to 4 or education offered to the entire student equipment) of existing structures; or (D) a more per centum, but less than 7 per centum, combination of any two or more of the fore­ of all children aged 5 to 17, inclusive, who population. going. are in average daily attendance at such When this difficulty first appeared, (3) The term "elementary school" means school during each year, Provided: That the local, State and Federal officials met to a day or residential school which provides taxable wealth of such agency as measured determine whether Federal assistance elementary education, as determined under by the State is equal to or less than one-half might be available under any existing State law. of the average taxable wealth for all such (4) The term "secondary school" means agencies located in that State, as measured statute. They decided that existing law a day or residential school which provides by the State. provided no statutory authority for as­ secondary education as determined under (2) No immigrant child may be counted sistance of this nature, although some State law. for the purpose of this Act by any local edu­ present programs could help these stu­ (5) The term "free public education" cational agency unless- dents in ways other than the construc­ means education which is provided at public (A) the parents of such child reside with­ tion of facilities. The need for additional expense under public supervision and direc­ in the school district of such agency, space, however, is the most pressing con­ tion, and without tuition charge, and which is provided as elementary or secondary school (B) the guardian of such child resides cern of the school districts involved, and within the school district of such agency, Congress must provide the necessary education in the applicable State: (6) The term "local educational agency" (C) the individual having lawful control legislation to fulfill this need. A recent means a public board of education or other of the immigrant child resides within the precedent for similar Federal action public authority legally constituted within a school district of such agency, or occurred in the case of Indochinese refu­ State for either administrative control or di­ (D) such child resides within the school gees, whose educational needs were ad­ rection of, or to perform a service function district of such agency. dressed by the Congress in the form of for, public elementary or secondary schools in (d) Determinations with respect to the special legislation. The school districts a city, county, township, school district, or number of immigrant children by the Secre- April 5, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8957 tary under this section shall be made, when­ PANAMA CANAL: SOVIET LINE Imperialist diplomacy" as Imperial Ger­ ever actual satisfactory data are not avail­ AGAINST U.S. PRESENCE many's contract. for the Baghdad Railroad able, on the basis of estimates. No such de­ and Imperial Russia's deal to create the Chi­ termination shall operate, because of an un­ nese Eastern Railroad (in Manchuria) . derestimation, to deprive any local educa­ HON. ROBERT K. DORNAN Intrigue and agitation against American tional agency of its entitlement to any pay­ possession of t.he Canal have marked the So­ ment (or the amount thereof) under this OF CALIFORNIA viet Russian policy ever since Lenin. Through section to which such agency would be en­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the 1920's and 30's and even in the early titled had such determination been made on Wednesday, April 5, 1978 phase of World War II, Moscow kept up its the basis of accurate data. barrage against "~erican imperialism." (e) Notwithstanding the other provisions • Mr. DORNAN. Mr. Speaker, one of the The Nazi invasion in June 1941 halted or of this Act a local educational agency shall vital angles in the current efforts to give at least lessened such outbursts. Stalin not be eligible for a grant under this Act away the U.S. Panama Canal is the long wanted our lend-lease. His propaganda and if the Secretary determines that the amount Soviet record of attempting to wrest it subversion agents clearly had orders to go of entitlement under subsection (b) is not from United States control. Unfor­ easy on the United States. adequate to provide such agency with any tunately, this aspect of the problem has But with World War II over and the Cold meaningful assistance in the education of been generally glossed over by many War on, Red hounds were let loose with a immigrant children. fresh vigor. By the mid-1940's, the Commu­ advocates of its surrender. nists of Panama had a grip on that country's (f) there are authorized to be appropriated As is well known by our best strate­ not to exceed $40,000,000 for grants pursuant trade union of the government employees, to this Act. gists, the Caribbean Sea-Gulf of Mexico the Sociedad Panamena de Trabajadores al area forms the crucial danger zone of Servicio Estado. The Union's real boss was FUND ALLOCATION IN CASE OF DEFICIENCY the Western Hemisphere-the soft un­ Panama's leading Communist, Cristobal L. SEc. 4. If the sum appropriated for grants derbelly, as it were. The Panama Canal Segundo, president of the People"s Party. This under this Act is not sufficient to pay in full union belonged to the Latin American Labor the total amount which local educational is the critical point in that area and Federation, a "property" of Lombardo To­ agencies are entitled to receive under this pivotal to its control by any nation. The ledano, a Mexican under Kremlin orders. Act, the entitlements of such local educa­ Communist takeover of Cuba in 1959 was In 1947, another faithful servant of the tional agencies shall be ratably reduced to only the first step in the Soviet Union's Moscow policy, the Brazilian Communist the extent nece!>Bary to bring the aggregate plan to control the Caribbean-gulf area chief Luis Carlos Prestes, telegraphed Pan­ of such entitlements within the limits of the and the Canal Zone. ama's National Assembly his congratulations amount so appropriated. In reading about the debates in the on its "historic decision for the defense of APPLICATION Senate since February and in the pro­ national sovereignty ... against exploitation SEc. 5. (a) No local educational agency posed Panama Canal Treaties, it is ob­ by American monopolies." All this because shall be entitled to any grant under this Act vious that many Senators have been the government of the Republic of Panama unless that agency submits an application had just rejected the United States request brainwashed or seduced by Executive for 14 more military bases to be leased on to the Secretary at such time, in such man­ largesse to such an extent that they have ner, and containing or accompanied by such Panamanian soil. information, as the Secretary may reasonably become quislings in the plan to transform In 1950, in Vladivostok, a book by one Georgy Nikitin was issued by a Soviet state require. Each such application shall: the Caribbean and Gulf into Red lakes. Mr. publishing house wherein the Yankees were (1) provide that the grant made under Speaker, because of its timeliness, roundly denounced because the Panama this Act w111 be used for the construction of an article about the Soviet line on Pan­ Canal "is a gate, through which America school facilities to be administered by such ama by Professor Emeritus Albert Parry reaches out with her tentacles to all the seas agency; of Colgate University, an authority on in the world, to all the shores not belonging (2) provide assurances that the applica­ Russian civilization, follows as part of to her." Nikitin said he had been a seaman tion will be submitted to the appropriate my remarks. I believe that it illustrates on a Soviet freighter that passed through the State educational agency for comment; quite clearly the threat to the canal and Canal on the eve of the Korean War. In his (3) provide that such fiscal control and Caribbean and the gulf posed by the book he reported: "In the area of the Pan­ fund accounting procedures will be estab­ ama Canal, as nowhere else before, we Soviet Soviet Union. seamen saw the feverish American prepara­ lished as may be determined by the Secre­ THE SOVIET LINE ON PANAMA tary to be necessary to insure the proper tions for a new war." American warships and disposal of, and accounting for, Federal How does Moscow view the Panama canal "whole caravans of vessels laden with arins funds paid to the agency under this Act; question? and munitions" were being "openly taken and The Kremlin has long denounced Ameri­ through the Can:~.l into the waters not owned ca's control over the "Big Ditch." In its (4) provide for the furnishing of such by the United States." parlance the Panama Canal Zone is a In 1952, as the Soviets were completing other information and reports as the Sec­ "colonialist enclave" and a symbol of "bond­ retary may reasonably require to perfom his the Volga-Don Canal, Moscow propagandists age" under American "imperialists." Nothing boasted that it took Soviet engineers and functions under this Act. done in Washington is likely to change this laborers only three and a half years to do (b) The Secretary shall approve an appli­ attitude. their job, a mere fraction of the time that cation which meets the requirements of Soviet editorial writers claim the Carter had gone into the Panama Canal. On June 14, subsection (a). The Secretary shall not fi­ Administration is not at all "liberal" and de­ 1952, Literaturnaya Gazeta jeered at the nally disapprove an application of a local serves neither credit nor praise for whatever United States' digging record compared "with educational agency except after reasonable rights it appears to grant Panama. Last our canals that are being built at our Bol­ notice and opportunity for hearing to such Aug. 16, Izvestia approvingly quoted the shevik tempo." On July 13, Izvestia chided agency. Communists of Panama that "the U.S.A. was the United States for taking "thirty-three PAYMENTS compelled to give in as the result of the years, from 1881 to 1914," to build the Pan­ SEc. 6. The Secretary shall pay to each struggle of the entire Panamanian people, of ama Canal. (The construction phase actually local educational agency having an applica­ the unity of the worldwide anti-imperialist was 10 years: it took seven years to dig; and tion approved under tnis Act the amount forces and of broad international solidarity." the Americans did not have slave labor or the which that agency is entitled to receive un­ On Sept. 8, G. Vasilyev, Pravda's correspond­ 1950 Russian equipment, much of it made der this Act. ent in Washington, cabled his newspaper that in the USA.) . PENALTY FOR NONCOMPLIANCE the new agreements were not at all what they Stalin died in 1953, but the anti-Ameri­ pretended to be: "In these new treaties, the can rage and plotting continued. In 1954, SEc. 7. Whenever the Secretary finds, after unjust and unequal premises vis-a-vis the some 2,000 tons of arms reached Guatemalan a reasonable notice and opportunity for little Latin American country are preserved." Reds from Czechoslovakia via Poland. Sec'y hearing to the local educational agency, that For years and decades, the official Soviet of State John Foster Dulles said one objec­ there is a failure on the part of such agency tive of that shipment was a Red build-up to meet the requirements of this Act, the Russian view of the American construction, Secretary shall notify that agency that fur­ ownership and maintenance of the canal has close to the Panama Canal. been permeated with indignation-and This danger faded in June 1954, when ther payments w111 not be made to the Guatemalans, with decisive aid from the agency under this Act until he or she is prophecy of our eventual downfall in the Zone. Volume II of the massive Istoriya Central Intell1gence Agency, overthrew the satisfied that there is no longer any such Communist regime of President Jacobo Ar­ failure to comply. Until he or she is so satis­ Diplomatii (History of Diplomacy) by V. M. Khvostov, issued by the State Publishing benz Guzman. He fled to Czechoslovakia. fied no further payment shall be made to Under Nikita Khrushchev, the old Stalinist the local educational agency under this Act. House of Political Literature in Moscow in 1963, presents the 1903 treaty and subse­ line persisted. In February 1955, the new edi­ TERMINATION quent building of the Canal as sheer robbery tion of the "Great Soviet Encyclopedia" SEc. 8. The provisions of this Act shall and shameless exploitation by North Ameri­ castigated American "warmongers" for using terminate on October 1, 1979.e cans, exceeding even such "juicy fruits of the Panama Canal as a tool "serving their 8958 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 5, 1978 alms of strengthening their strategic and Argentina. where, as a KGB agent, he did his It's time for the federal government to economic control over the countries of Latin professional best to incite and take part in a live up to its long-time commitment. America. and preparing their aggression in huge street riot. other lands." Moscow has muted its propaganda during In 1956, the Suez Canal crisis provided debate over the canal treaties, but as late as STAKE IN WATER one more opportunity to step up the Soviet May 25, 1977, Gennady Zafesov warned in South Dakota can take little encourage­ hue and cry about the Panama Canal. Lit­ Pravda that many Americans do not want to ment from hints of what's to come in the new eraturnaya Gazeta of Aug. 11 , 1956, compared give up the Canal. Bu ~. he added, "attempts water policy the Carter administration is ex­ "racist" American treatment of Panamanians in Washington to shunt the canal problem pected to unveil later this month. to the British "oppression' ' at Suez. into a blind alley are doomed." Secretary of the Interior Cecil Andrus in On Oct. 6, 1956, Izvestia printed, promi­ -Prof. Albert Parry a memorandum to President Carter recently nently, a poem by Carlos Augusto Leon, a (EDITOR's NoTE: The author is professor proposed that states be required to pay 10 Venezuelan, proclaiming: emeritus of Russian civ1Uzation and lan­ percent of the cost immediately to obtain fed­ Latin America. cannot take her eyes off Egypt. guage at Colgate Univ. His latest book is eral aid for a water resource project, such as For the Panama Canal, a link in the same "Terrorism: From Robespierre to Arafat.") e a municipal water system. chain, In Andrus' view, states would be less in­ Has cut deep under her ribs and now chal- clined to request federal aid for marginal lenges freedom SUPPORT FOR WATER DEVELOP­ projects if they were required to pay part of As it imprisons humans, forests and prairies. MENT IN SOUTH DAKOTA the cost immediately. And he said the fed­ But the bell of time chimes over us, too. eral government "should support those proj­ The banner of Suez is our banner also! ects first where the state will provide 10 per­ HON. JAMES ABDNOR cent" if Congress refused to pass such legis­ Soviet ships appeared in numbers in the lation. Caribbean, from January 1957, to the spring OF SOUTH DAKOTA and trouble brewed at once. The Soviet Gov­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The Secretary also recommended tbat the ernment did not like strict American search federal government appropriate $40 million measures and other precautions at the Pan­ Wednesday, April 5, 1978 to states over the next two years to develop ama. Canal. Formal protests complained of: • Mr. ABDNOR. Mr. Speaker, elsewhere master plans for water resources. States Too lengthy and thorough a. search by the would then negotiate with the Water Re­ in today's RECORD are my r~marks to the sources Council on minimum standards !or canal's American authorities "of all living Appropriations Committee on :fiscal year and working quarters, includin_g an inspec­ the planning process by the end of this tion of the crews' personal effects." 1979 funding for water projects in my year. Andrus is chairman of the council. Excessively minute measuring and photo­ State. The federal government is in a. better posi­ graphing bf all the machinery, equipment The widespread support for water de­ tion to bankroll projects which it bas man· and quarters of the Soviet ships. velopment in South Dakota is evidenced dated than the cities or states. Whether some Halting the ships at one point after an­ in editorials from our two largest news­ projects are marginal depends on the point other all along the Canal, with needlessly papers and in Senate Concurrent Reso­ of view. long waits at each stop. lution 15, passed by the legislature: The 10 percent down idea also ignores the Denial of shore leave for the Soviet crews (From the Rapid City Journal, Mar. 9, 1978] contributions South Dakota. has made in giv­ wishing to visit Balboa. ing up hal! a million acres of Missouri River Forbidding the crewmen to stay on their FEDS SHOULD FuND STUDY OF MISSOURI WATER bottomland for the !our dams. The Oahe Ir· own decks during their off-hburs. USE riga.tion Projects, !or which Carter denied Stationing American guards all over the In the wake of one of the worst winters in funding, was one of the tradeoffs promised Soviet ships during the passage; practically history, spring flooding is now a distinct pos­ to South Dakota. by previous Democratic and overrunning the ships with those watchful, sibility. Republican administrations over a. span of suspicious Yanks. That flooding wlll not have the serious nearly 30 years. In the late 1950's, the Soviets also wailed consequences it once did thanks to the Mis­ South Dakota, attempting to sort out its that the then anti-Communist government souri River dams in South Dakota. of the Republic of Panama would not recog­ options after loss of Oahe funding, cannot Flooding along the Missouri both in South afford another two year delay in the bureauc­ nize Moscow. In 1959, Pravda's special cor­ Dakota and downstream used to be almost respondent V. Polia.kovsky ftew in and with racy while developing a master plan for an annual occurrence. Now it is rare. water resources. The opportunities !or the much teeth-gnashing wrote about the thor­ South Dakota gave up 500,000 acres of land ough U.S. control. federal bureaucracy to delay a state's master to create the impoundments which contain plan while resolving what's to follow the The atmosphere was different five years spring runoff. later when, in January 1964, Polia.kovsky re­ Oahe Irrigation project, for instance, appear While South Dakota has realized some of endless. turned on his second visit. Then there was the benefits of the flood control aspects of a. lot of joybus band-clapping in his cables. the Missouri River dams and bas access to a South Dakota's immediate challenge is to Anti-American riots bad burned and ruined relatively small percentage of the hydro­ come up with its own comprehensive plan so much! En route from the airport, "along electric power they generate, it has yet to to gain beneficial use of Missouri River water both sides of the road, traces of real-to-good­ realize all the tradeoffs it was promised for by farmers who want it !or irrigation and ness battles are to be seen, (especially) the relinquishing its land. other use and by cities and towns !or munici· charred building of the United States In­ The Oahe Irrigation Project, a key ele­ pal consumption. Such a plan would consist formatibn Center (and) Yanqui Go Home ment of the tradeoff, has become embroiled of many parts. signs." in controversy. As a result, the Carter ad­ As !or a replacement for the Oabe Irriga­ "And here is the Canal Zone," he wrote. ministration has cut off federal funding for tion Project, Sen. George McGovern said "On my visit five years ago Americans would the project. In view of the growing tide of recently the state must come up with a single not let me in. At that time a. husky American opposition to the irrigation project, the cut­ recommendation. The federal government policeman on a. motorcycle barred my way. off of funds is somewhat understandable. won't sponsor studies to show the alterna· But now the road is open. We do not see But irrigation is only one of the benefits tives. Saving the nearly completed Oabe Americans anywhere around. It looks as if of Missouri River water to which South Da­ pumping plant, Pierre canal and the pro­ the hurricane of the people's wrath had kotans should have access. The need for posed Blunt Reservoir to supply water to chased them into the barracks." water for domestic and industrial use must projects other than Oabe should be the All through the 1960's, in one seemingly also be addressed. foundation of that single recommendation. innocent guise or another, as newspapermen, The initial step toward that objective re­ trade representatives, academic visitors or South Dakota. and all the West will have to quires feasibility studies for which the state take a. careful look at the policies which An­ what-not, Soviet agents tried to gain their does not have sufficient fiscal resources. foothold in Panama., and often succeeded. In drus and his council will recommend. The 1964, a favorite joke in Latin America posed The Department of Intf::rlor has announced West's chance for further development of this question: "Is it true that Communist that funds appropriated for the Oahe project its land and water resources is at stake. but unused for that purpose cannot be used agents are responsible for the Panamanian SENATE CONCURRENT RESOLUTION No. 15 riots?" The answer: "No, it isn't so. I have to study alternatives. That decision should just returned from Panama, so I ought to be reversed. A concurrent resolution, Memorializing the know. I asked Soviet representatives about it, If it isn't, Congress should appropriate Congress of the need for assistance in de· and they told me, no, it isn't true. And I funds for studies to determine bow Missouri velopment of water resources in South know at least 100 Soviet representatives in River water feasibly can be provided for do­ Dakota. and citing legislative interest in Panama.!" mestic and industrial use in South Dakota. conducting necessary studies to evaluate Even in 1978, a. well-used vantage point The contribution of the Missouri River areas of water development potential en­ from which Soviet agents have done their dams to flood control and hydroelectric gen­ joying public acceptance and support spying and scheming in the Canal Zone has eration is considerable. South Dakota bas yet Whereas, the Pick -Sloan Missouri Basin been neighboring Colombia.. For a. time the to benefit from those dams in proportion to Flood Control Act of 1944 authorized the Soviet ambassador in Bogota. was Nikolai its contribution of valuable land which made conservation, control, and beneficial use of Belous, who bad previously been ousted from them possible. the flood waters of the Missouri River; and April 5, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8959 Whereas, that plan provided for the con- Sully County, and study the feasiblllty of tary of the United States Department of the struction of dams on the Missouri River in irrigation pumping directly from Lake Oahe Interior, the Governor of South Dakota, the South Dakota; and as compared with the feasiblllty of supplying Oahe Unit task force, and the President of Whereas, the water impounded by said water to Missouri riverside irrigation areas the United States.e dams inundated 509,000 acres of South through the Pierre Canal and Blunt Res­ Dakota. agricultural land; and ervoir, and that the Bureau of Reclamation Whereas, persons outside the state's conduct an appraisal study of the Lower borders receive a. majority of the flood con- James Conservancy Sub-District proposal SENATE COMMITTEE MEETINGS trol and electrical power benefits resulting for modification of Oahe Unit, including from said dam construction and SOuth alternate sites for the pumping station and Title IV of the Senate Resolution 4, Dakota land loss; and water delivery system; and the Qahe Unit agreed to by the Senate on February 4, Whereas, the Pick-Sloan Missouri Basin task force further recommended that the 1977, calls for establishment of a system Flood Control Act of 1944 also provided for Legislature direct the task force to begin for a computerized schedule of all meet­ construction of a multi-purpose water de- negotiations with the federal government ings and hearings of Senate committees, velopment project in South Dakota known for a. block grant or share of power gen­ subcommittees, joint committees, and a.s the Oahe Unit, which was authorized by eration revenues to offset the loss of 509,000 committees of conference. This title re­ Congress in 1968 and was designed to serve acres inundated in South Dakota. by the quires all such committees to notify the irrigation water needs in the Dakota Lake Missouri River impoundments-: Office of the Senate Daily Diges~esig­ Plain, municipal and industrial water needs Now, therefore, be it resolved, by the Sen­ in the development area., fish and wlldllfe ate of the Fifty-third Legislature of the state nated by the Rules Committee-of the conservation and development, and expanded of SOuth Dakota., the House of Representa.­ time, place, and purpose of all meetings recreationa.l opportunities; and tives concurring therein, that the Legislature when scheduled, and any cancellations Whereas, the authorizing legislation al- of the s<;ate of South Dakota does hereby or changes in meetings as they occur. located a portion of t.he power revenues from memorialize and urge the Congress of the As an interim procedure until the electrical power sales to defray the costs of United States and the United States Depart­ computerization of this information be­ water development in South Dakota. a.s ment of the Interior to assist in development partial compensation for the sacrifice of land of water resources in South Dakota by a.llo­ comes operational, the Office of the ln South Dakota to the Said dams and res- eating resources to cooperate with the South Senate Daily Digest will prepare this ervoirs; and Dakota department of natural resources de- information for printing in the Exten­ Whereas, the Oahe Conservancy Sub-Dis- velopment, in consultation with the Depart­ sions of Remarks section of the CONGRES­ trict, acting through its Board of Directors, ment of Agriculture, Department of Envi­ SIONAL RECORD on Monday and Wednes­ holding a. contract with the United States ronmental Protection, State Planning day of each week. for construction of Dahe Unit, has con- Agency, and the Department of Game, Fish ducted hearings within the project area. and and Parks, in study of alternate water de­ Any changes in committees scheduling has concluded that the authorized Dahe Unit velopment projects in South Dakota, includ­ will be indicated by placement of an is unacceptable to the Sub-District; and ing but not limited to those requested by the asterisk to the left of the name of the Whereas, the Oahe Conservancy Sub-Dis- recommendations for modifications and a.lter­ unit conducting such meetings. trict Board of Directors has adopted a. res- natives made by the Oahe Conservancy Sub­ olution requesting the Congress to dea.u- District Board of Directors; by the Lower Meetings scheduled for Thursday, thorize Oahe Unit feeling such action was James conservancy Sub-District proposal for April 6, 1978, may be found in Daily necessary to clear the way for acceptable modification of Oahe Unit; by the WEB Digest of today's RECORD. water development, to request no further water Development Association proposal; funding for the project and to request fund- and by the Oahe Unit task force; and MEETINGS SCHEDULED ing and support for (1) development of APRIL 7 riverside irrigation in counties bordering the Be it further resolved, that the Legislature 9:00a.m. Missouri River served by closed pipeline sys- requests the United States Department of the Armed Services terns, (2) development of pipeline delivery Interior to immediately commence such study Arms Control Subcommittee systems to meet municipal and rural domes- work in cooperation with the South Dakota To hold closed hearings on the alleged tic water needs and (3) development of a department of natural resources develop­ Soviet ICBM threat, particularly as it voluntary watershed program on the James ment, the conservancy sub-districts in­ affects U.S. ICBM forces. River Basin; and valved, and the Oahe Unit task force, in S-407, Capitol Whereas, resolution of the issue is neces- consultation with the Department of Agri­ sary for south Dakota. to develop a. program culture, Department of Environmental Pro­ Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of flexible and desirable water resource use; tection, State Planning Agency, and the De­ To resume mark up of S. 2065, 2470, and and partment of Game, Fish and Parks, using 2546, bllls to protect consumers' rights and to provide remedies in electronic Whereas, the Lower James Conservancy unobligated fiscal year 1977 carryover con­ fund transfer systems. Sub-District has requested a modification of struction funds where appropriate; and 5302 Dirksen Building Oahe Unit; and Be it further resolved, that the Oa.he Unit Whereas, the federal government is con- task force further assist in evaluation of Energy and Natural Resources sidering, as an option for replacement of other alternate water development project Energy Research and Development Sub- direct water development projects, block proposals as such proposals are offered to committee , grants to states; and the extent of its fiscal and time constraints; To resume hearings on S. 2692, proposed Whereas, the South Dakota Oahe Unit task and FY 79 authorizations for the Depart­ ment of Energy. force has been created to continuously mont- Be it further resolved, that the Legislature 1202 Dirksen Building tor and examine the Oahe Unit as outlined requests the United States Department of the in the construction schedule of the Bureau Interior to eliminate the list of identified 9 :30a.m. of Reclamation, to report annually to the potential wildlife mitigation lands contained Armed Services Legislature on the progress of the project, in the proposed Oahe Unit Revised Wildlife Tactical Aircraft Subcommittee and where appropriate, pursue or assist in Plan and to notify the landowners involved To continue hearings on S. 2571, FY 79 pursuing modification and improvement in of the elimination of _such list; and authorizations for military procure­ the project in the areas of: canalside irriga- Be it further resolved, that the Legislature ment. tion; soil preservation; channelization; pub- of South Dakota asks congress to refrain 224 Russell Building lie access to project data; municipal, rural from any action to deauthorize Oahe Unit Environment and Public Works and industrial water supply; beneficial eco- until analysis of such alternate water de­ Water Resources Subcommittee nomic and environmental purposes; and velopment projects is completed, or an ac­ To hold hearings on S. 2701 and 2704, wlldlife mitigation and enhancement; and ceptable cash settlement in the form of a bllls to promote a more adequate and Whereas, the South Dakota Oahe Unit task block grant or a percentage of the annual r-esponsive national program of water force has gone on record requesting the Bu- power generated revenues from the facilities research and development. reau of Reclamation and the Fish and Wild- operating within the state on the Missouri 4200 Dirksen Building life Service to eliminate the list of land- River, has been negotiated by a team con­ Judiciary owners for wildlife mitigation in the Revised sisting of the Oahe task force and the south To resume consideration of S. 1874, to Wildlife Plan and to notify the individuals Dakota congressional delegation, provided allow consumers and other parties who involved; and have not dealt directly with an anti­ Whereas, the South Dakota Oahe Unit that the authorized Oahe plan to develop trust violator to recover their damages task force has recommended to the South irrigation in Brown and Spink Counties is under the antitrust laws. Dakota Legislature that, before any further not completed nor endorsed for completion; 2228 Dirksen Building construction of Qahe Unit and before deau- and 10:00 a.m. thorization of Oahe Unit, the Bureau of Be it further resolved, that the secretary Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Reclamation with the cooperation of the of the Senate is hereby directed to forward International Finance Subcommittee South Dakota department of natural re- copies of this resolution to the presiding To resume hearings on S. 2520, FY 79 sources development study the feasibllity of officers of the United states Senate and House authorizations for the Export-Import canalside irrigation in Hughes County and of Representatives, the members of the South Bank. CXXIV--564-Part i Dakota Congressional Delegation, the Secre- 5302 Dirksen Building 8960 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 5, 1978

Budget Energy and Natural Resources authorizations for programs under th~ To continue mark up of proposed first Public Lands and Resources Subcommittee National Child Nutrition Act. concurrent resolution setting forth To hold hearings on S. 74, to amend 324 Russell Building recommended levels of total budget P.L. 94-565 so as to include payments 9:00 a.m. outlays, Federal revenues, and new for lands on which certain semiactiv~ •Human Resources budget authority. or inactive military installations are Health and Scientific Research Subcom­ 6202 Dirksen Bullding located. mittee Commerce, Science, and Transportation 3110 Dirksen Building To resume hearings on S. 2755, proposed To hold hearings jointly with the Hu­ Environment and Public works comprehensive Drug Amendments Act. man Resources Subcommittee on Edu­ Nuclear Regulation Subcommittee Until 12:30 p.m. 4232 Dirksen Building cation, Arts, and the Humanities on To hold hearings on FY 79 authoriza­ proposed FY 79- 80 authorizations for tions for the Nuclear Regulatory 9:30 a.m. the National Sea Grant College pro- Commission. Environment and Public Works gram. 4200 Dirksen Building To consider proposed building prospec­ 235 Russell Building Judiciary tuses for the Nuclear Regulatory Com­ Constitution Subcommittee mission and a Los Angeles FBI field Commerce, Science, e.nd Transportation structure. Consumer Subcommittee To hold hearings inS. 571, to provide for To hold hearings on S. 2541, authorizing direct enforcement action by HUD in 4200 Dirksen Building funds for FY 79- 82 for certain high­ discriminatory housing practices. Human Resources way safety programs. 2228 Dirksen Building Education, Arts, and the Humanities Sub­ 5110 Dirksen Building Human Resources committee Employment, Poverty, and Migratory Labor To mark up S. 1753, authorizing funds Governmental Affairs Subcommittee To continue hearings on S. 2640, pro­ through FY 83 for the Elementary and To mark up S. 50, the Full Employment Secondary Education Act. posing reform of the Civ11 Service and Balanced Growth Act. laws. EF-100, Capitol 1202 Dirksen Building Judiciary 3302 Dirksen Building 10:00 a.m. Joint Economic Constitution Subcommittee Appropriations To hold hearings on proposed reforms To hold hearings on the employment­ Transportation Subcommittee unemployment situation for March. of the Speedy Trial Act (P.L. 93-619). To hold hearings on budget estimates 318 Russell Building 1224 Dirksen Building for FY 79 for the Federal Aviation Select Indian Affairs Administration. 10:00 a.m. To hold hearings on S. 857, to provide 1224 Dirksen Building Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Federal financial assistance to Ha­ Armed Services To continue hearings to consider there­ waiian natives, .and on S. 859, propos­ Intell1gence Subcommittee establishment of housing goals and ing extension of the Indian Self­ To meet in closed session to receive a proposed extension of existing housing Determination and Education Assist­ briefing from CIA officials on Soviet programs. ance Act to native Hawaiians. and Cuban influence in Africa. 5302 Dirksen Building 318 Russell Building 212 Russell Building Energy and Natural Resources 11:00 a.m. Energy and Natural Resources Business meeting on pending calendar Appropriations Energy Production and Supply Subcom­ business. HOD-Independent Agencies Subcommittee mittee 3110 Dirksen Building To hold hearings on budget estimates for To hold hearings in FY 79 authoriza­ Judiciary FY 79 for the Office of Revenue Shar­ tions for the strategic petroleum re- To resume hearings on FY 79 authoriza­ ing, and New York City Seasonal Fi­ serve. tions for the Department of Justice. nancing Fund, Department of the 3110 Dirksen Building 2228 Dirksen Building Judiciary Treasury. Judiciary 1318 Dirksen Building Juvenile Delinquency Subcommittee To hold hearings on the problems of seri­ To hold hearings on the nominations of Hulllan Resources ous juvenile crimes. Ellen B. Burns, to be U.S. district Health and Scientific Research Subcom­ 424 Russell Building judge for the district of Connecticut; mittee Select Ethics Gustave Diamond, to be U.S. district To mark up S. 2410, to amend certain To resume closed hearings concerning judge for the western district of sections of the Public Health Service alleged attempts by representatives of Pennsylvania; Robert W. Sweet, to be Act relative to health planning and the Republic of Korea to improperly U.S. district judge for the southern health resources development and influence Members and employees of district of New York; and Donald E. S. 2579, to establish a President's Com­ the Senate. Ziegler, to be U.S. district judge for mission for the Protection of Human Until 12 :30 p.m. S-402, Capitol the western district of Pennsylvania. Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Select Indian Affairs 8-126, Capitol Research. To hold oversight hearings on the cur­ Select Ethics Until 1:00 p.m. 4232 Dirksen Building rent status of the reorganization o1 2:00p.m. To continue closed hearings concerning the Bureau of Indian Affairs. alleged attempts by representatives of Budget 5110 Dirksen Building the Republic of Korea to improperly To continue markup of proposed first 10:30 a.m . influence Members and employees of concurrent resolution setting forth •Health Resources the Senate. recommended levels of total budget Health and Scientific Research Subcom­ Until 12:30 p.m. S-407, Capitol outlays, Federal revenues, and new mittee 1:30 p.m. budget authoritv. To hold hearings on S. 2549, FY 79 au­ ·6202 Dirksen Building thorization for the National Science Select Ethics 2:15p.m. Foundation. To continue closed hearings concerning Armed Services Until 12:30 p.m. 4232 Dirksen Bullding alleged attempts by representatives of Research and Development Subcommittee 1:30 p.m. the Republic of Korea to improperly To resume hearings on s. 2571, FY 79 Select Ethics influence Members and employees of authorizations for military procure­ To continue closed hearings concerning the Senate. ment. alleged attempts by representatives of Until 5:00 p.m. S-407, Capitol 224 Russell Building the Republic of Korea to improperly APRIL 12 APRIL 10 influence Members and employees of 8:30a.m. 8:00a.m. the Senate. Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry Nu­ Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry Until 5:00p.m. S-407, Capitol trition Subcommittee Nutrition Subcommittee 2:00p.m. To resume oversight hearings on the To hold hearings in S. 2824, FY 79 au­ Appropriations women and infant children feeding thorizations for programs under the. Transportation Subcommittee program (WIC), and the child care National Chlld Nutrition Act. To hold hearings on budget estimates for food program. 324 Russell Building FY 79 for the Urban Mass Transporta­ 324 Russell Building 9:00a.m. tion Administration. Human Resources Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs 1318 Dirksen Building Health and Scientific Research Subcom­ To resume markup of S. 2065, 2470, and APRIL 11 mittee 2546, bills to protect consumers' rights 8:30 a.m. To continue hearings on S. 2755, pro­ and to provide remedies in electronic Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry posed Comprehensive Drug Amend­ fund transfer systems. Nutrition Subcommittee ments Act. 5302 Dirksen Building To continue hearings on S. 2824, FY 7S1 Until 12:30 p.m. 4232 Dirksen Building April 5, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8961 9:30a.m. 9:45 a.m. 10:00 a.m. •Banking, Housing, and Urban AJiairs Judiciary Appropriations To continue hearings to consider the To hold hearings on the nominations of HUD Independent Agencies Subcommittee reestabllshment of housing goals and Donald W. Banner, of Illinois, to be To continue hearings on budget esti­ proposed extension of existing hous­ Commissioner of Patents and Trade­ mates for FY 79 for HUD. ing programs. marks~ Daniel M. Friedman, of the 1318 Dirksen Building 5302 Dirksen Building District of Columbia, to be Chief Energy and Natural Resources Environmental and Public Works Judge for the U.S. Court of Claims; Energy Conservation and Regulation Sub­ Transportation Subcommittee and Harold H. Greene, of the District committee To mark up proposed Federal aid high­ of Columbia, to be U.S. District Judge. To continue hearings on S. 2962, pro­ way legislation. 2228 Dirksen Building posed FY 79 authorizations for the 4200 Dirksen Building 10:00 a.m. Department of Energy. lO:OO a.m. Appropriations 6226 Dirksen Building Appropriations HUD-Independent Agencies Subcommittee Energy and Natural Resources Transportation Subcommittee To hold hearings on budget estimates Energy Production and Supply Subcom­ To hold hearings on budget estimates for FY 79 for HUD. mittee for FY 79 for the Federal Railroad 1318 Dirksen Building To continue hearings on S. 2692, FY 79 Administration. Appropriations authorizations for the Department of 1224 Dirksen Building State, Justice, Commerce, the Judiciary Enregy. commerce, Science and Transportation Subcommittee 3110 Dirksen Building To hold hearings on . proposed FY 79 To hold hearings on budget estimates Governmental A1Iairs authorizations for the U.S. Coast for FY 79 for the Arms Control and To resume hearings on S. 991, to create a Guard. Disarmament Agency, Board for Inter­ separate Cabinet-level Department of 235 Russell Building national Broadcasting, International Education. Energy and Natural Resources Communications Agency, and on sup­ 3302 Dirksen Building Public Lands and Resources Subcommittee plemented appropriations for FY 78. APRIL 17 To hold hearings on S. 242, 1812, 2606, 8-146, Capitol 9:00a.m. and 2310, bills to amend the Federal Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Energy and Natural Resources land reclamation laws. International Finance Subcommittee To hold hearings on S. 2821 authoriz­ 3110 Dirksen Building To resume hearings on S. 2520, FY 79 ing funds to the Government of Guam Judiciary authorizations for the Export-Import to construct certain public fac111tie6, To continue hearings on FY 79 author­ Bank. and S. 2822, to provide for the re­ izations for the Department of Justice. 5302 Dirksen Building hablUtation and resettlement of Bi­ 2228 Dirksen Building Energy and Natural Resources kini Atoll. Judiciary Energy Production and Supply Subcom­ 3110 Dirksen Building Juvenile Delinquency Subcommittee mittee Human Resources To resume hearings on the problems of To resume hearings on S. 2692, FY 79 Employment, Poverty, and Migratory Labor serious juvenile crimes. authorizations for the Department of Subcommittee 424 Russell Building Energy. To mark up S. 2090 and S. 2081 propos­ Rules and Administration 3112 Dirksen Building ing an extension of certain programs To hold hearings on S. 1029, to authorize Energy and Natural Resources of the Economic Opportunity Act. construction for museum support fa­ Public Lands and Resources Subcommittee 4332 Dirksen Building cillties for the Smithsonian Institu­ To continue hearings on S. 242, 1812, Judiciary tion, and to consider other legislative 2310, and 2606, bills to amend the Fed­ Criminal Laws and Procedures Subcom­ matters. eral and reclamation laws. mittee 301 Russell Building 3110 Dirksen Building To resume hearings on S. 2013 to require Select Indian Affairs Judiciary the additional labeling of explosive To resume oversight hearings on the To continue hearings on FY 79 authori­ materials for the purpose of identifi­ current status of the reorganization zations for the Department of Justice. cation and detection. of the Bureau of Indian Affairs. 2228 Dirksen Building Room to be announced 1202 Dirksen Building APRIL 14 Judiciary 2:00p.m. 9:00a.m. Constitution Subcommittee Appropriations Commerce, Science, and Transportation To hold hearings on S.J. Res. 65, to Transportation Subcommittee To hold hearings on S. 1896, FY 79 amend the Constitution so as to pro­ To continue hearings on budget esti­ authorizations for the Hazardous Ma­ vide for representation of the District mates for FY 79 for the Federal Rail­ terials Transportation Act. of Columbia in Congress. road Administration. 235 Russell Building 5110 Dirksen Building 1224 Dirksen Building Commerce, Science, and Transportation 9:30 a.m. Environment and Public Works APRIL 13 Science, Technology, and Space Subcom­ mittee Transportation Subcommittee 9:00 a.m. To resume markup of proposed Federal •Banking, Housing, and Urban A1Iairs To mark up S. 2527, proposed FY 79 authorizations for NASA. aid highway legislation. Housing and Urban AJiairs Subcommittee 4200 Dirksen Building To hold hearings on S. 2691, the Con­ 1202 Dirksen Building Judiciary Judiciary gregate Housing Services Act. To resume consideration of S. 1874, to 4232 Dirksen Building Improvements in Judiciary Machinery To hold hearings on S. 2253, to encour­ allow consumers and other parties Human Resources age prompt, informal, and inexpensive who have not dealt directly with an Employment, Poverty, and Migratory Labor antitrust violator to recover their Subcommittee resolutions of civil cases by use of ar­ bitration in U.S. district courts. damages under the antitrust laws. To resume markup of S. 50, the Full 4232 Dirksen Building 2228 Dirksen Building Employment and Balanced Growth Select Small Business 10:00 a.m. Act. Commerce, Science, and Transportation 155 Russell Building To hold hearings on the nomination of Milton D. Stewart, of New York, to be To hold hearings on H.R. 9370 and 9:30a.m. Chief Counsel for Advocacy, Small S. 2582, to provide for the development Commerce, Science, and Transportation Business Administration. of agriculture in the United States. Surface Transportation Subcommittee 424 Russell Building 235 Russell Building To hold oversight hearings on the Rail 9:30a.m. Energy and Natural Resources Service Act (P.L. 94-210). Judiciary. To hold hearings on pending nomina­ 318 Russell Building Environment and Public Works tions. Energy and Natural Resources Resource Protection Subcommittee 3110 Dirksen Building Energy Conservation and Regulation Sub­ To continue oversight hearings on and Environment and Public Works. committee the reauthorizations for the Endan­ Environmental Pollution Subcommittee To hold hearings on S. 2692, proposed gered Species Act (P.L. 93-205). To hold hearings on S. 2083, proposed 011 FY 79 authorizations for the Depart­ 4200 Dirksen Building Pollution LiablUty and compensation ment of Energy Judiciary Act, and related bills. Room to be announced Administrative Practice and Procedure 6202 Dirksen Building Environment and Public Works Subcommittee Finance Resource Protection Subcommittee To resume oversight hearings on the op­ Public Assistance Subcommittee To hold oversight hearings on and the eration of the witness protection pro­ To resume hearings on S. 2084, to replace reauthorizations for the Endangered gram under the Organized Crime the existing Federal welfare programs Species Act (PL. 93-205). Control Act (P.L. 91-452). with a single coordinated program. 4200 Dirksen Building 8-126, Capitol 2221 Dirksen Building 8962 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 5, 1978 Select Indian Affairs To continue hearings on S. 2084, to re­ Rules and Administration To hold hearings on S. 2712, proposed place the existing Federal welfare pro­ To resume hearings on S. 2 and S. 1244, Indian Program Evaluation and Needs grams with a single coordinated pro­ to require periodic reauthorization of Assessment Act. gram. Government programs, and to con­ 6226 Dirksen Building 2221 Dirksen Building sider other legislative and administra­ 2:00p.m. Judiciary tive business. Appropriations To resume hearings on FY 79 authori­ 301 Russell Building State, Justice, Commerce, the Judiciary zations for the Department of Justice. APRIL 20 Subcommittee 2228 Dirksen Building 9:00a.m. To hold hearings on budget estimates Select Indian Affairs Human Resources for FY 79 for the Department of State, To hold hearings on S. 2375, to establish Alcoholism and Drug Abuse Subcommittee and on supplemental appropriations guidelines to be followed by the De­ To hold oversight hearings on the Drug for FY 78. partment of the Interior in response Abuse Education Act (P.L. 91-527). S-146, Capitol to petitioning Indian tribes seeking 4232 Dirksen Building APRIL 18 an acknowledgment of a Federal re· Judiciary 9:00a.m. lationship. Citizens and Shareholders Rights and Environment and Public Works 5110 Dirksen Building Remedies Subcommittee Nuclear Regulation Subcommittee Select Small Business To hold hearings on S. 2390, the Citizens' To resume hearings on FY 79 authori­ To resume hearings on S. 2259, to ex­ Access to the Courts Act. zations for the Nuclear Regulatory pand and revise procedures for insur­ 6226 Dirksen Bullding Commission. ing small business participation in 9:30a.m. 4200 Dirksen Building Government procurement activities. 424 Russell Building Appropriations Human Resources Agricultural Subcommittee Employment, Poverty, and Migratory Labor 2:00p.m. Appropriations To resume hearings on budget estimates Subcommittee for FY 79 for the Department of Ag­ To continue markup of S. 2090 and State, Justice, Commerce, the Judiciary Subcommittee riculture and related agencies. S. 2081, proposing an extension of cer­ 1224 Dirksen Building tain programs of the Economic Oppor­ To hold hearings on budget estimates tunity Act. for FY 79 for International Organiza­ Environment and Public Works 4232 Dirksen Building tions and Conferences, and on supple­ Regional and Community Development 9:30a.m . mental appropriations for FY 78. Subcommittee •Human Resources S-146, Capitol To consider proposed regional and com­ Health and Scientific Research Subcom­ munity development legislation. mittee APRIL 19 4200 Dirksen Bullding To mark up S. 2549, proposed FY 79 au­ 9:00a.m. Judiciary thorizations for the National Science Environment and Public Works To hold oversight hearings on the ap­ Foundation; S. 2416, to extend through Water Resources Subcommittee plication and enforcement of the FBI FY 81 the program of assistance for To consider proposed water resources Charter. nurse training; and S. 2474, to extend legislation. 2228 Dirksen Building 4200 Dirksen Building 10:00 a.m. through FY 83 the Public Health Serv­ Human Resources ice Act. Appropriations 1318 Dirksen Building Alcoholism and Drug Abuse Subcommittee HUD-Independent Agencies Subcommittee To hold oversight hearings on the co­ 10:00 a.m. To continue hearings on budget esti­ ordination of Federal programs to mates for FY 79 for NASA. Appropriations combat drug abuse. State, Justice, Commerce, the Judiciary 1313 Dirksen Building 4232 Dirksen Building Subcommittee 9:30a.m. Appropriations To meet in closed session· with Secre­ State, Justice, Commerce, the Judiciary tary of State Vance to discuss foreign Judiciary Subcommittee policy. Juvenile Delinquency Subcommittee To receive testimony from Attorney Gen­ S-146, Capitol To resume oversight hearings on the eral Bell on budget estimates for FY Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Drug Enforcement Administration's 79 for the Department of Justice. Financial Institutions Subcommittee efforts to control drug trafficking on S-146, Capitol U.S. borders with Mexico. To hold hearings on S. 2096, Right to Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Financial Privacy Act, and S. 2293, to 424 Russell Building 10:00 a.m. Financial Institutions Subcommittee modernize the banking laws with re­ To continue hearings on S. 2096, the gard to the geographical placement of Appropriations Right to Financial Privacy Act, and electric funds transfer systems. State, Justice, Commerce, the Judiciary S. 2293, to modernize the banking laws 5302 Dirksen Building Subcommittee with regard to the geographic place­ Commerce, Science, and Transportation To hold hearings on budget estimates ment of electric funds transfer sys­ Science, Technology, and Space Sub­ for FY 79 for the Department of Jus­ tems. committee tice, and on supplemental appropria­ 5302 Dirksen Building To hold hearings jointly with the Sen­ tions for FY 78. ate Banking Subcommittee on Inter­ S-146, Capitol Energy and Natural Resources national Finance on technology ex­ Energy Conservation and Regulation Sub­ Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs committee ports and research and development Financial Institutions Subcommittee investments. To resume hearings on S. 2692, FY 79 To continue hearings on S. 2096 the authorizations for the Department of Room to be announced Right to Financial Privacy Act, and Energy and Natural Resources Energy. S. 2293, to modernize the banking laws S-126, Capitol Energy Conservation and Regulation Sub­ with regard to the geographic place­ committee ment of electronic funds transfer sys­ Energy and Natural Resources To resume hearings on S. 2692, proposed tems. Energy Research and Development Sub­ FY 79 authorizations for the Depart­ 5302 Dirksen Building committee ment of Energy. To resume markup of S. 2692, FY 79 Energy and Natural Resources authorizations for the Department of Room to be announced Business meeting on pending calendar Energy and Natural Resources Energy. business. 3110 Dirksen Building Energy Research and Development Sub­ 3110 Dirksen Building committee Select Indian Affairs To mark up S. 2692, FY 79 authorizations Environment and Public Works To resume hearings on S. 2375, to estab­ for the Department of Energy. Transportation Subcommittee lish guidelines to be followed by the 3110 Dirksen Building To hold hearings on the status of pro­ Department of the Interior in response Environment and Public Works posed construction of a Federal Inter­ to petitioning Indian tribes seeking an Environmental Pollution Subcommittee state Highway near Memphis, Tennes­ acknowledgement of a Federal rela­ To continue hearings on S. 2083, pro­ see. tionship. posed Oil Pollution Liabllity and Com­ 4200 Dirksen Building 318 Russell Building pensation Act, and related bills. Judiciary 2 :00p.m. 6202 Dirksen Building To continue hearings on FY 79 authori­ Appropriations Finance zations for the Department of Justice. State, Justice, Commerce, the Judiciary Public Assistance Subcommittee 2228 Dirksen Bullding Subcommittee April 5, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8963 To continue hearings on budget esti­ To hold hearings on budget estimates tiona! Wild and Scenic Rivers, and Na­ mates for FY 79 for the Department for FY 79 for the Department of Com­ tional Wilderness Preservation of Justice. merce, and on supplemental appropria­ Systems. 8-146, Capitol tions for FY 78. 3110 Dirksen Building APRIL 21 8-146, Capitol Finance 9:30a.m. Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Public Assistance Subcommittee Environment and Public Works To hold oversight hearings on monetary To resume hearings on S. 2084, to replace Resource Protection Subcommittee policy. the existing Federal welfare program To consider proposed resources protec­ 5302 Dirksen Building with a single coordinated program. tion legislation. Commerce, Science, and Transportation 2221 Dirksen Building 4200 Dirksen Building To hold hearings on FY 79 authoriza­ 2:00p.m. Human Resources tions for the Fishery Conservation and Appropriations Education, Arts, and the Humanities Sub­ Management Act (P.L. 94-265). State, Justice, Commerce, the Judiciary committee 235 Russell Building Subcommittee To resume markup of S. 1753, author­ To continue hearings on budget esti­ izing funds through FY 83 for the Energy and Natural Resources mates for FY 79 for the Department Elementary and Secondary Education Parks and Recreation Subcommittee of Commerce, and on supplemental Act. To hold hearings on S. 88, to add addi­ appropriations for FY 78. 155 Russell Building tional lands to the Sequoia National 8-146, Capitol Park, California. APRIL 26 Human Resources 3110 Dirksen Building Handicapped Subcommittee 9:00a.m. To mark up S. 2600, to extend certain Energy and Natural Resources Commerce, Science, and Transportation vocational rehabilitation programs Public Lands and Resources Subcommittee Science, -Technology, and Space Subcom­ and to establish a comprehensive To hold oversight hearings on the im­ mittee services program for the severely plementation of the Surface Mining To hold oversight hearings to examine handicapped. Act (P.L. 95-87). the science and technology aspects of 154 Russell Building 6226 Dirksen Building the Federal Research and Development Finance budget. Judiciary 5110 Dirksen Building To resume consideration of S. 1874, to Taxation and Debt Management Subcom­ allow consumers and other parties mittee Human Resources who have not dealt directly with an To hold hearings on S. 2738, to provide Employment, Poverty, and Migratory La­ antitrust violator to recover their for the indexation of certain provi­ bor Subcommittee damages under the antitrust laws. sions of the Federal income tax laws, To continue markup of S. 2570, to ex­ 2228 Dirksen Building and related bills. tend the Comprehensive Employment 10:00 a.m. 2221 Dir!u>en Building Training Act ( CETA) . Appropriations 2:00p.m. 4232 Dirksen Building HUD-Independent Agencies Subcommittee Appropriations 9:30a.m. To continue hearings on budget esti­ State, Justice, Commerce, the Judiciary Environment and Public Works mates for FY 79 for NASA. Subcommittee Regional and Community Development 1318 Dirksen Building To continue hearings on budget esti­ Subcommittee Appropriations mates or FY 79 for the Department To resume consideration of proposed re­ State, Justice, Commerce, the Judiciary of commerce, and on supplemental gional and community development Subcommittee appropriations for FY 78. legislation. To continue hearings on budget esti­ 8-146, Capitol 4200 Dirksen Building mates for FY 79 for the Department of APRIL 25 Foreign Relations Justice. Foreign Assistance Subcommittee 8-146, Capitol 9:00a.m. Human Resources To continue hearings on S. 2420, pro­ posed International Development Co­ Energy and Natural Resources Employment, Poverty, and Migratory La­ To hold hearings on pending nomina­ bor Subcommittee operation Act. tions. To continue markup of S. 2570, to ex­ 4221 Dirksen Building 3110 Dirksen Building tend the Comprehensive Employment Veterans' Affairs Select Indian Affairs Training Act (CETA). To mark up S. 364, to provide for the To resume hearings on S. 2712, proposed 4232 Dirksen Building judicial review of administrative deci­ Indian Program Evaluation and Needs 9:30a.m. sions promulgated by the Veterans' Assessments Act. Environment and Public Works Administration, and to allow veterans 457 Russell Building To consider proposed highway legisla­ full access to legal counsel in pro­ APRIL 24 tion. ceedings before the VA; S. 2398, to ex­ 9:00a.m. 4200 Dirksen Building tend the period of eligibility for Viet­ Human Resources nam-era veterans' readjustment ap­ Foreign Relations pointment within the Federal Gov­ Employment, Poverty, and Migratory La­ Foreign Assista:-_ce Subcommittee bor Subcommittee ernment; and H.R. 5029, authorizing To continue hearings on S. 2420, pro­ funds for hospital care and medical To mark up S. 2570, to extend the Com­ posed International Development prehensive Employment Training Act services to certain Filipino combat Cooperation Act. veterans of WW II. (CETA). 4221 Dirksen Building 4232 Dirksen Building 412 Russell Building Judiciary 10:00 a.m. Environment and Public Works To resume oversight hearings on the Nuclear Regulation Subcommittee Approprlations application and enforcement of the HUD-Independent Agencies Subcommittee To consider proposed nuclear regulation FBI Charter. legislation. To hold hearings on budget estimates 2228 Dirksen Building for FY 79 for the Federal Home Loan 4200 Dirksen Building 10:00 a.m. 9:30a.m. Bank Board and the National Insti­ Foreign Relations Appropriations tute for Building Sciences. Foreign Assistance Subcommittee State, Justice, Commerce, the Judiciary 1318 Dirksen Building To resume hearings on S. 2420, proposed Subcommittee Appropriations International Development Coopera­ To receive testimony from Secretary of State, Justice, Commerce, the Judiciary tion Act. Commerce Kreps on budget estimates Subcommittee 4221 Dirksen Building for FY 79 for the Department of Com­ To hold hearings on budget estimates Judiciary merce. for FY 79 for the Foreign Claims Set­ To resume consideration of s. 1874, to S-146, Capitol tlement Commission, Japan-U.S. allow consumers and other parties Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Friendship commission, and the Legal who have not dealt directly with an To continue oversight hearings on mone­ Services Corporation. antitrust violator to recover their tary policy. 8-146, Capitol damages under the antitrust laws. 5302 Dirksen Building Appropriations 2228 Dirksen Building Energy and Natural Resources Transportation Subcommittee 10:00 a.m. To resume hearings on S. 499, 1500, 1546, To hold hearings on budget estimates Appropriations 1787, and 2465, to designate or add for FY 79 for ConRail and the U.S. State, Justice, Commerce, the Judiciary certain lands in Alaska to the National Railroad Association. Subcommittee Park, National Wildlife Refuge, Na- 1224 Dirksen Building 8964 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 5, 1978 Commerce, Science, and Transportation APRIL 28 To continue markup of proposed legis­ To hold oversight hearings on the Fish­ 9:00a.m. lation authorizing funds !or those ery Conservation and Management Act Commerce, Science, and Transportation programs which fall within the com­ (PL. 94-265). Selene~:., Technology, and Space Subcom­ mittee's jurisdiction. 235 Russell Building mittee 5302 Dirksen Building Energy and Natural Resources To resume oversight hearings to examine MAY 4 To consider pending calendar business. the science and technology aspects of 8:00a.m. 3110 Dirksen Building the Federal Research and Development Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry Finance budget. Agricultural Research and General Legis­ Public Assistance Subcommittee 235 Russell Building lation Subcommittee To cont inue hearings on S. 2084, to re­ Judiciary To hold hearings on the status of non­ place the existing Federal welfare pro­ Constitution Subcommittee farm, nonfood, and fiber rural ievelop­ grams with a single coordinated pro­ To continue hearings on S.J. Res. 65, to ment research with USDA and the gram. amend the Constitution so as to pro­ State land grant system. vide for representation of the District 2221 Dirksen Building 322 Russell Building Rules and Administration of Columbia in Congress. 10:00 a.m. 5110 Dirksen Building To resume hearings on S. Res. 1166, to 9:30a.m . Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs To continue markup of proposed legis­ re.orgal}ize administrative services of Environment and Public Works the Senate, and to consider other leg­ Resource Protection lation authorizing funds for those islative matters. programs which fall within the com­ To continue consideration of proposed mittee's jurisdiction. 301 Russell Building resource protection legislation. Select Indian Affairs 4200 Dirksen Building 4200 Dirksen Building To hold hearings on S. 2358 and 2588, to Foreign Relations MAY 5 declare that the U.S. hold in trust for Foreign Assistance Subcommittee 8:00 a.m. the Pueblo tribes of Zia and Santa Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry Ana respectively, certain public do­ To resume hearings on S. 2420, proposed International Development Coopera­ Agricultural Research and General Legis­ main lands. tion Act. lation Subcommittee 6226 Dirksen Building 4221 Dirksen Building To continue hearings on the status of 2 :00p.m. Judiciary nonfarm, nonfood, and fiber rural de­ Appropriations Improvements in Judicial Machinery Sub­ velopment research with USDA and Transportation Subcommittee committee the State land grant system. To hold hearings on budget estimates To resume hearings on S. 1314, to pro­ 322 Russell Building for FY 79 !or the National Transpor­ 9:30a.m. tation Safety Board and the ICC. vide that State and Federal prisoners may petition Federal courts in a writ Veterans' Affairs 1224 Dirksen Building To resume mark up of S. 364, to provide Appropriations of habeas corpus. 2228 Dirksen Building !or the judicial review o! administra­ State, Justice, Commerce, the Judiciary 10:00 a.m. tive decisions promulgated by the Subcommittee Appropriations Veterans' Administration, and to al­ To hold hearings on budget estimates State, Justice, Commerce, the Judiciary low veterans full access to legal coun­ for FY 79 for the FCC, Federal Mari­ Subcommittee sel in proceedings before the VA; S. time Commission, FTC, International To receive testimony on budget esti­ 2398, to extend the period of eliglb111ty Trade Commission, and on supple­ !or Vietnam-era veterans' readjust­ mental appropriations !or FY 78. mates for FY 79 for the Departments of State, Justice, Commerce, the Judi­ ment appointment within the Fed­ S-146, Capitol ciary, and related agencies. eral Government; and H.R. 5029, APRIL 27 authorizing funds for hospital care 9:00a.m. S-146, Capitol Banking, Housing, and Urban Affa.lrs and medical services to certain Fili­ Judiciary pino combat veterans of WW II. Constitution Subcommittee To mark up proposed legislation author­ izing funds for those programs which 412 Russell Building To resume hearings on S.J. Res. 65, to 10:00 a.m. amend the Constitution so as to pro­ fall within the committee's jurisdic­ tion. Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs vide for representation of the District To continue mark up of proposed legis­ of Columbia in Congress. 5302 Dirksen Building Finance lation authorizing funds for those 5110 Dirksen Building programs which fall within the com­ 9 :30a.m. Public Assistance Subcommittee To resume hearings on S. 2084, to re­ mittee's jurisdiction. Environmental and Public Works 5302 Dirksen Building Resource Protection place the existing Federal welfare pro­ To resume consideration o! proposed re­ grams with a single coordinated pro­ MAY 8 source protection legislation. gram. 9:30 a.m. 4200 Dirksen Building 2221 Dirksen Building Human Resources To mark up S. 2600, to extend certain Judiciary MAY 1 9:30a.m. vocational rehabi11tation programs and To hold hearings on S. 1382, to establish to establish a comprehensive services criteria for the imposition of the sen­ Foreign Relations Foreign Assistance Subcommittee program for the severely handicapped. tence of death. 4232 Dirksen Building 2228 Dirksen Building To resume hearings on S. 2420, proposed MAY 17 10 :00 a.m. International Development Coopera­ Appropriations tion Act. Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs State, Justice, Commerce, the Judiciary 4221 Dirksen Building International Finance Subcommittee MAY 2 To hold hearings in connection with re­ Subcommittee 10:00 a.m. To hold hearings on budget estimates strictions employed by foreign coun­ for FY 79 for the Civil Rights Com­ Appropriations tries to hold down imports of U.S. mission, EEOC, and on supplemental Transportation Subcommittee goods. appropriations !or FY 78. To hold hearings on budget estimates 5302 Dirksen Building S-146, Capitol for FY 79 for the Office o! the Secre­ CANCELLATIONS Commerce, Science, and Transportation tary, DOT. 1224 Dirksen Building APRIL 10 To continue oversight hearings on the 10:00 a.m. Fishery Conservation and Management Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Act (P.L. 94-265). To continue markup of proposed legis­ To hold hearings to consider the re­ 6226 Dirksen Building lation authorizing funds !or those establishment of housing goals and Energy and Natural Resources programs which fall within the com­ proposed extension o! existing hous­ To hold hearings on pending nomina­ mittee's jurisdiction. ing programs. tions. 5302 Dirksen Building 5302 Dirksen Building Finance 3110 Dirksen Building APRIL 21 2 :00p.m. Public Assistance Subcommittee 9:30a.m. Appropriations To continue hearings on S. 2084, to Judiciary State, Justice, Commerce, the Judiciary replace the existing Federal wel!are Improvements in Judicial Machinery Sub­ Subcommittee programs with a single coordinated committee To hold hearings on budget estimates program. To hold hearings on S. 1314, to provide for FY 79 for the Renegotiation Board, 2221 Dirksen Building that State and Federal prisoners may SEC, and on supplemental appropria­ MAY 3 petition the Federal courts in a writ tions !or FY 78. 10:00 a.m. of habeas corpus. S-146, Capitol Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs 2228 Dirksen Building