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Journal of Social Science Rajshahi College Rajshahi, Bangladesh Mobile: 01712561211, 01777386633 E-Mail: Editor.Rcsocialsciencejournal@Gmail.Com ISSN 2518-5896 Volume 1, Number 1 July 2017 Journal jR of ‡ Social Science Editor Professor Wasim Md. Mazbahul Haque, Ph.D. Executive Editor Khandaker Muzahidul Haq, Ph.D. Associate Editor Muhammad Jakir Al Faruki, M. Phil. Md. Roknuzzaman Siddiky, Ph.D. ivRkvnx K ivRkvnx Rajshahi College Rajshahi 6000, Bangladesh E-mail: [email protected] Published by Rajshahi College Rajshahi, Bangladesh Tel: 0721-775475 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.rc.edu.bd Published in December 2017 Contact Address Executive Editor Journal of Social Science Rajshahi College Rajshahi, Bangladesh Mobile: 01712561211, 01777386633 E-mail: [email protected] Printed by Uttoran Offset Printing Press Greater Road, Rajshahi Tel: 0721-773782 Price BDT 200.00 USD 10.00 Journal of Social Science Rajshahi College Adviser Professor Md. Habibur Rahman Principal, Rajshahi College Co-Adviser Professor Al-Faruk Chowdhury Vice-Principal, Rajshahi College Editorial Board Professor Wasim Md. Mazbahul Haque, Ph.D. Head of the Dept. of Economics, Rajshahi College Professor Zubaida Ayesha Siddika, Ph.D. Head of the Dept. of Social Work, Rajshahi College Khandaker Muzahidul Haq, Ph.D. Associate Professor, Dept. of Political Science, Rajshahi College Muhammad Jakir Al Faruki, M.Phil. Assistant Professor, Dept. of Sociology, Rajshahi College Md. Lutfor Rahman, Ph.D. Assistant Professor, Dept. of Political Science, Rajshahi College Md. Abdur Rahman, Ph.D. Assistant Professor, Dept. of Social Work, Rajshahi College Nahida Afroz, Ph.D. Assistant Professor, Dept. of Economics, Rajshahi College Md. Roknuzzaman Siddiky, Ph.D. Assistant Professor, Dept. of Sociology, Rajshahi College Honorary Member Professor Soo-Bong Uh, Ph.D. Graduate School of Techno-HRD Korea University of Technology and Education Rahul Raj, Ph.D. Assistant Professor Centre for Korean Studies Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU), India E-mail: [email protected] Notes for the Contributors Journal's Key Objective Journal of Social Science published by Rajshahi College is a peer-reviewed journal which is intended to invite the manuscripts in diverse areas of social science. The key objective of the Journal is to contribute to the academia by publishing scientific papers typically relating to contemporary society, economy and politics. It also aims at creating an intellectual platform where both academics and learners will interact and exchange their scientific knowledge in order to promote social research in Bangladesh. Submission Guidelines The authors/contributors are requested to abide by the following guidelines while preparing and submitting their papers to the Journal: a) The article should be preferably between 4,000-8,000 words in length using A4 size papers including abstract and references. The article having more than 9,000 words will not be processed; b) The article must be accompanied by an abstract with 150-200 words and 3-5 keywords; c) The title of the article should be typed in 14 font size in case of English text or in 16 font size in case of Bengali text. There must be 1 inch margins on all sides; d) The body of the article should be typed in 1.5 line spaced with 11 font size in case of English text or in 12 font size in case of Bengali text; e) The whole manuscript must be written in Times New Roman Format; f) The manuscript should be submitted either on a disk or by E-mail as a Microsoft Word attachment; g) Use either British or American spelling throughout the text but Do Not Mix; h) While there may be few exceptions, the authors are highly discouraged to use footnotes and endnotes; i) The views of the authors in this Journal do not at all represent the opinions of the editorial board. The authors are solely responsible for their views and statements in this Journal; j) For referencing, the Journal ideally conforms to APA Style which can be briefly exemplified as follows: Books Babbie, E. (2007). The Practice of social research. Wadsworth: Cengage Learning. Creswell, J. W. (2009). Research design: qualitative, quantitative, and mixed method approaches. California: Sage Publications. Kanbur, R. (2000). Aid, conditionality and debt in Africa. In F. Tarp (Ed.), Foreign aid and development: lessons learnt and directions for future, (pp. 409-422). London & New York: Routledge. Journal Articles Alesina, A. and David, D. (2000). Who gives foreign aid to whom and why? Journal of Economic Growth. 5(1), 33-63. Cohen, W.S. and Levinthal, D.A. (1990). Absorptive capacity: a new perspective on learning and innovation. Administrative Science Quarterly, 35(1), 128-152. Internet Sources Nakamura, T. and McPherson, M. F. (2005). Is foreign aid effective in reducing poverty? Retrieved January 10, 2011, from http://www.eb.kobegakuin.ac.jp/~ntohru/poverty.pdf Table of Contents Title Author(s) Page Development Aid and Its Taxonomy of Motives Md. Roknuzzaman Siddiky 1-15 from a Global Perspective: An Overview Soo Bong Uh Secularism and the Muslim World: An Jakir Al Faruki 16-30 Overview Md. Roknuzzaman Siddiky Good Governance Issues in Bangladesh: Khandakar Muzahidul Haq 31-68 Challenges and Options In Quest for Indigenization of Social Work Md. Fakrul Islam 69-92 Education and Practice in Bangladesh: Complexities and Prospects Trends of Annual Development Program (ADP) Md. Sajedur Rahman 93-107 in the National Budgets of Bangladesh Nusrat Zerin Anny evsjv‡`‡k bvixi ¶gZvqb: GKwU mgvRZvwË¡K we‡kølY RyevB`v Av‡qkv wmÏxKv 108-124 (Women’s Empowerment in Bangladesh: A Sociological Analysis) evsjv‡`‡ki f‚wg web¨vm ixwZ I K…wl Drcv`‡bi aiY: weRq K…ò ewYK 125-141 GKwU HwZnvwmK ch©v‡jvPbv (Patterns of Land Distribution System and Agricultural Production in Bangladesh: A Historical Overview) gymwjgc~e© evsjvi ag©,mgvR,ms¯‹…wZ I •bwZKZv Avey †bvgvb †gv. Avmv`yjøvn 142- 160 (Religion, Society, Culture and Morality in Pre-Muslim Bangla) Journal of Social Science, Rajshahi College, 1(1). July 2017 Development Aid and Its Taxonomy of Motives from a Global Perspective: An Overview Md. Roknuzzaman Siddiky1 Soo Bong Uh2 Abstract: While the main purpose of development aid is development-oriented, various developed countries and multilateral institutions have a variety of motives to allocate their aid to the developing countries. As such, the paper mainly attempted to identify the diverse motives of development aid and its categorization in the present global perspective. The study identified six major areas of motives that most of the donors exercise to allocate their aid. These are moral and humanitarian motives, environmental motives, development motives, global peace and security motives, political motives, and economic and commercial motives. Among these motives, some are altruistic and some are egoistic. However, there is a category of aid motivations termed as ‘global peace and security motives’ that is theoretically linked with altruistic ideology while much of it is practically related to egoistic ideology. The study found that US, France, Japan and UK are likely to be more egoistic unlike Switzerland, Ireland and the Scandinavian Countries. However, many donor countries such as US, Japan and UK apply dualism in their aid policy. The study revealed that the UN bodies are mostly altruistic while World Bank and IMF are likely to be more egoistic and western-biased. Finally, the study suggested that developing countries’ interests or needs should be prioritized, and multilateral aid through the UN system should be enhanced in international development cooperation efforts. Keywords: development aid, Marshall Plan, altruistic ideology, egoistic ideology, idealism, neo-liberalism and neo-realism I. Background of the Study Development aid is central to international development cooperation efforts. Under the name of foreign aid, it has received growing attention in the world since the implementation of European Recovery Program, commonly known as the Marshall Plan, following the Second World War. Under this Plan, The US government provided financial assistance to the governments of the Western Europe to assist in reconstructing their infrastructure and economies. However, the US motivation for this assistance was contentious since its 1 Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology, Rajshahi College, Rajshahi, Bangladesh, Email: [email protected] 2 Professor, Graduate School of Techno-HRD, Korea University of Technology and Education (KOREATECH), Cheonan City, Republic of Korea 1 Development Aid and Its Taxonomy of Motives from a Global Perspective: An Overview motives were mainly to serve their economic and political interests. The US government planned that the restored European economies would act as the markets for the US industrial products and at the same time it would ensure the American influence by reducing the likelihood of the expansion of communism within European countries. From 1948 to 1952, approximately US$ 17 billion were transferred to the Western Europe including the UK, France, West Germany and Italy as part of the Marshall Plan (Willis, 2011). Although the US role was criticized, the Marshall Plan served as a keystone for facilitating international development cooperation efforts across the world. Eroglu and Yavuz (n.d.) pointed out that ever since the Marshall Plan has been regarded as a model of successful aid and development efforts. Its success helped to motivate the US and other developed countries to provide LDCs with development aid (p.146). However, in course of time, there have been changes in the objectives and patterns of development aid. It encompasses all official grants, concessional loans, in currency or in kind, and other types of assistance that are aimed at promoting economic, social, political, and environmental development of the developing countries, in particular, the LDCs. Development aid has been defined by Riddell (2007) as those resources received from donors which contribute to the fulfillment of the basic rights and freedoms of poor and vulnerable people. It is also given to address human welfare of the poorest countries which are designated as the LDCs in the global world. Currently it is an important policy area in the overall policy for global development.
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