THE AMERICAN

LEGIONMAGAZINE 20 C 'JUNE 1964

THE EYES OF THE WORLD AT THE LANDING ON OMAHA BEACH PRODUCER JOHN FORD TELLS HOW THEY FILMED

THE NORMANDY INVASION / BY PETE MARTIN

The Career of A LOOK AT , TEXAS CHARLES de GAULLE Anchors fMSh

(Song of the Navy J

Stand, Navy, out to sea, Fight our battle cry; We'll never change our course, So vicious foe steer shy-y-y-y Roll out the TNT Anchors Aweigh Sail onto victory And sink their bones to Davy Jones, hooray!

Yo ho there shipmate, take the fighting to the far off seas; Yo ho there messmate, hear the wailing of the wild banshees. All hands fire brands Let's blast them as we go. So

Anchors Aweigh my boys, Anchors Aweigh Farewell to college joys, We sail at break of day-day-day-day! Through our last night on shore, Drink to the foam, Until we meet once more Here's wishing you a happy voyage home.

Heave aho there sailor, ev'rybody drink up while you may; Heave aho there sailor, for you're gonna sail at break of day, Drink away, drink away, For you sail at break of day, Hey!

"ANCHORS AWEIGH" by Capt Alfred H Miles and Chas. A. Zimmermann. Revised lyric by George D. Lottman. © Copyright 1907, 1930. 1942, 1943 Robbins Music Corpo- ration, N. Y Copyright Renewal 1935, 1958 Robbins Music Corporation, New York. N Y Used by Special Permission. ;

The American

JUNE 1964 LEGION Volume ~6, Number 6 POSTMASTER: Send Form 351!) to P.O. Box 10."., Magazine Indianapolis, Ind. 46206

The American Legion Magazine Editorial & Advertising Offices Contents for June 1964 720 Fifth Avenue New York, New York 1001!)

Publisher, James F. O'Neil ANCHORS AWEIGH OPPOSITE Editor ART BY WALLY RICHARDS Robert B. Pitkin Art Editor The U.S. Navy song, done up so you can cut it out Al Marshall and frame it if you wish. Associate Editors John \ndreola Roy Miller THE FLAG IS US 6 James S. Swartz Production Manager BY NATIONAL COMMANDER DANIEL F. FOLEY Kalph Peluso Imagine exercising your freedom to slur the flag, when Copy Editor the flag is the symbol of the freedom Grail S. Hanford you are exercising! Contributing Editor Pete Martin Circulation Manager THE CAREER OF CHARLES DE GAULLE 12 Dean B. Nelson BY GERALD L. STEIBEL Indianapolis, Ind. Advertising Director From whence came the independence and self-assurance Robert P. Redden the lone leader of wolf of France? His Chicago-Detroit Sales Office life story explains much. Bart J. Burns 33 East Warker Drive Chicago, 111. 606U1 WE SHOT D-DAY ON OMAHA BEACH 14 CEntral 6-2101 BY PETE MARTIN On the 20th anniversary of the great Normandy invasion, CHANGE OF ADDRESS: movie producer John Ford tells what it was like Notify Circulation Dept., P. O. Box 111,.. to land with cameras instead of guns. Indianapolis, Ind., 46206 using Post Office Form 3578. Attach old address label and give old and new addresses and GENERAL DOUGLAS MACARTHUR'S FAREWELL 20 membership card number. Also be sure to not i f v > our Post Adjutant. BY GEN. DOUGLAS MACARTHUR The late General MacArthur's farewell speech to the corps American Legion of cadets at West Point told what duty, honor and The Publications Commission: country mean to the soldier and the officer. Dr. Charles R. Logan, Keokuk, Iowa

(Chairman) i Adnlph F. Bremer. Winona. Minn. (Vice Chairman); Lang Armstrong, A LOOK AT DALLAS, TEXAS 22 Spokane, Wash.; Charles E. Booth. Hunting If. Suoyerville BY ROBERT B. PITKIN ton. I'a.; John Cicero, , Pa.; E. J. Cooper, Hollywood, Flu.; Clovis Cope- Lost in the pontificating over the murder of a President is the land. Morrilton, Ark.; Paul B. Dague. Down- fact that Dallas is one of the finest convention cities mgtonn. Pa.; Raymond Fields. Guymon, Okln.; Chris Co.; George 1>. in the land. A first-hand preview of the site of Hernandez, Savannah, Levy, Sumter, S. C: Edward Lougstreth. La Legion's 1964 National Convention. the Jolla. Calif. : Frank C. Love. Syracuse, N. Y. Morris Meyer. Starkville, Miss.; Robert Mitchler, Oswego, 111.: Harry H. Schaffer. SHOULD THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT CONTINUE Pittsburgh. Pa.: Harold \. Shindler, Lafayette, LAWS? 26 Ind.; William F. Taylor, Greenshurg. Ky.; SUPPORTING STATE "RIGHT-TO-WORK" Benjamin B. Truskoski, Bristol. Conn.; Robert TWO SIDES OF A NATIONAL QUESTION H. Wilder, Dadeville, Ala. Edivard MeSweenev. trmonk, N. Y. (Consultant! pfo: REP. WILLIAM M. TUCK (D-VA.) con: SEN. HARRISON WILLIAMS, JR. (D-N.J.) The American Legion Magazine is published monthly at 1100 West Broadway, Louisville, A REPORT FROM THE ALASKAN EARTHQUAKE 28 Ky., by The American Legion. Copyright 1961 by The American Legion. Second-class BY KEN SCHANK postage paid at Louisville. Ky. Price: single In a moment the city was wrecked but the people were copy, 20 cents; yearly subscription, $2.00. Order nonmember subscriptions from the Cir- still there. American Legion in Anchorage The culation Department of The American Legion. reports on what happened then. P.O. Bov 1053. Indianapolis. Ind. 16206

Editorial and advertising offices : 720 5tli Ave., New York, N. Y. 10010. Wholly owned by The American Legion, with National Head- quarters at Indianapolis, Ind. 16206. Daniel Departments F. Foley, Rational Commander.

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR 2 VETERANS NEWSLETTER 31 Publisher's Representatives EDITOR'S CORNER 4 NEWS OF THE AMERICAN LEGION 33 West Coast Arden E. Roney & Assoc. DATELINE WASHINGTON 8 PERSONAL 47 Lo9 Angeles & San Francisco, Calif. /VorfAicesf BOOKS 10 LEGION SHOPPER 52 The Harlowe Co. Seattle, Wash. 98101 ROD & GUN CLUB 30 PARTING SHOTS 515 Southeast The Dawson Manuscripts, artwork, cartoons submitted for consideration will not be returned unless a self-addressed, Co. Miami, Fla. & Atlanta, Ga. stamped envelope is included. This magazine assumes no responsibility for unsolicited material.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JUNE 1964 1 —

ing? There is nothing medical about the decision. Certainly no matter how bad LETTERS TO THE EDITOR cigarettes may or may not be for health it is not up to the government to make people quit smoking, but only to educate them. This decision does neither. It keeps Letters published do not necessarily ex- the greatest theme to keynote the press the policy of The American Legion. free cigarettes away from the patient Legion's Americanism Keep letters sliort. Name and address must efforts in the past who decides he wants to smoke anyway be furnished. Expressions of opinion and two decades. requests for personal services are appreci- but hasn't the money to buy them; while ated, but they cannot be acknowledged or Samuel E. Miller it lets the equivalent fellow who's in answered, due to lack of magazine staff for Bentonville, Ark. these purposes. Requests for personal serv- better circumstances go right on smok- ices which may be legitimately asked of ing by buying his cigarettes. If the VA The American Legion should b" made to sir: I certainly agree that American your Post Service Officer or your state can send you a letter showing how it history should be well taught in our (Department) American Legion Hq. Send makes sense I'd sure like to see it pub- letters to the editor to: Letters. The schools. I also think we should watch American Legion Magazine. 720 5th Ave- lished, so we can examine the thinking out for slanted textbooks. The Russians nue. New York. N. Y. 10019. behind this very peculiar executive de- aren't the only ones who rewrite history. cision. Arne Oesterle THE STOCK MARKET Elmon DeS. Green Greenville, III. sir: Richard Rush's article on a five-year Los Angeles, Calif. stock market boom (April) was very THE BIBLE impressive. sir: Isn't that a stupid decision? How sir: I have never read a better article Roman S. Gorski about the patient with no money? It all the on great subject of The Bible than sounds like Professor of Business Administration a political gesture plus a Pete Martin's "How They Translate the Neio Mexico Western College grab for monopoly on sales (in the VA Bible into 1,202 Languages," in the April Silver City, N. Mex. canteens). People either do or do not issue. I have been a supporter of the smoke. It's as simple as that. Bible Society in a small way over the sir: A note to tell you how much I en- Laurence B. Gray years, and it warmed my heart to see joyed Mr. Rush's stock market piece in Harrison, Maine this in ycur magazine. April. I hope informative articles of this C. Olin Edwards, Brigadier sir: Should the government prohibit the nature will continue to be presented. The Salvation Army use, sale or manufacture of tobacco Francis Gernovsky Eureka, Calif. products? No, never! Should the govern- Philadelphia, Pa. ment keep the public informed on smok- sir: I want to commend your April ing ? TEACHING HISTORY Yes. article on the work of the Bible Society. Jan Grybos sir: I say "thank you" for Nat'l Com- It is splendid. Elmira, N. Y. mander Foley's April editorial on the Rev. Thom Williamson need to teach American history, "Yes- Decatur, Ga. GENERAL MACARTHUR terday—the Key to Today and Tomor- sir: Douglas MacArthur, besides being

row." I am a high school teacher in the THOSE OTHER LEGIONS a great general, was, I believe, the great- social studies field, and I believe and try sir: Thanks for your story on The est statesman of our time. In 1900 I was to teach that American history is essen- American Legion, Inc., (April News a buck private under his father—Gen. tial to the growth and development of section) which was organized for pre- Arthur MacArthur—in the Philippines. young Americans. I will list the articles paredness before we entered WW1. 1 was Willard Q. Kinsman in the April issue on Lexington and in it in 1916, but when I tell people I Brockton, Mass. Concord, and on the National Anthem was a member of The American Legion of on the reading list for my students. in 1916 they call me a liar. Not only was sir: The memory General Douglas MacArthur will be cherished as long as Julia G. Simmons I in the U. S. American Legion of that the patriotic spirit of America survives. Saranac, N. Y. time, but when I crossed the Canadian Mrs. Arthur McQuern border as a uniformed Plattsburger I Mr. & sir: I read with interest and satisfaction was "plied with liquor" by recruiters of Santa Ana, Calif. Commander Foley's editorial on teach- the Canadian American Legion, the 97th THE ANTHEM ing history. I thoroughly agree. I am a Overseas Infantry Bat. the WW1 veteran and a retired Texas Public Gordon T. Fish sir: Thanks and congratulations on article School teacher. Ft. Lauderdale, Fla. excellent on Francis Scott Key D. W. Ratchford and the Star-Spangled Banner. This is San Marcos, Tex. NEW IDEA the first time I've seen the full story in exciting sir: There ought to be an Argument print, and packed with so many our sir: I go down the line 100% with Com- Club for the people who have to argue details of that important event in junior mander Foley's editorial on teaching about something and have to win the history. My copy is going to my history. As a substitute teacher, I find argument before they're satisfied high school nephew and— I wish—every- the children fascinated to learn the his- where they can let off steam and go away one's nephew too. tory behind many of the things they happy, so when they get in their cars Ruth Beeler White York, N. Y. study. and drive they don't argue with all the New Mrs. Sam Harper other drivers with their steering wheels CORRECTION Smyrna, Ga. and their accelerators and horns. your piece in the April Editor's Paul Dille sir: In about electoral votes you said sir: I fully agree with Commander Foley Dassel, Minn. Corner on the teaching of history. Lincoln didn't get the majority of the Mrs. Richard L. Ball A sort of Arguers Anonymous? electoral votes in 1860. He didn't get the New Bedford, Mass. majority of the popular vote, but he got CIGARETTES & THE VA 59.5% of the electoral vote, and that's out of 303 elec- sir: "Yesterday—the Key to Today and sir: You reported in your Veterans to a gnat's eyelash—180 Tomorrow" is worthy of the highest Newsletter that the Veterans Adminis- toral votes. commendation. "What we learn from tration is banning the giving of free Fred Marty Colby, Kan. history is absolutely nothing" has be- cigarettes to hospitalized veterans come the cruelest hoax ever perpetrated although of course the patients can still dope upon American progeny in many gen- buy cigarettes. In all seriousness, isn't True. We feel silly. We had all the of and loused it up. erations. Commander Foley's editorial is this some sort of political grandstand- right in front us

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HONSON CORP., WOODBRIDGE, N.J. automatically better ® ALSO AVAILABLE IN CANADA EDITOR'S THE TRUTH ABOUT •CORNER BEYOND BELIEF The scope of the Alaskan earthquake dis- aster is beyond belief. ARTHRITIS When Eugene Foley, head of the U.S. Small Business Administration, rushed to Alaska right after the Good Friday earth- quake, he told the Governor of Alaska: "This will take more than government help, it will take private agencies too." PAIN "One private agency has already offered its help," said Governor Egan, "The American Legion." In two other places in this issue we touch on the Legion's aid in Alaska. Here we acknowledge the contributions that have already poured in as a result of our May editorial, and we would ask everyone who has ever recited the Legion Preamble to make a contribution, however small, to the Legion's emergency fund, which a board of responsible Legionnaires in An- know that no absolute Doctors chorage is administering. cure for arthritis has yet been Herald Stringer, of Anchorage, told us discovered. However, a method that an incredible 60% of the tax base of the State was wiped out. The Legion's re- has been developed to ease the lief won't restore the state, except as it minor pain of chronic rheumatoid helps restore the people. Every person in arthritis, whenever it occurs. Valdez was moved out. After the quake flattened Valdez, the tidal wave rolled Doctors all over the country are over it. Fleeing with little more than what recommending this Niagara® they were wearing, many of them return not only to no homes but to no method. They have seen it bring Discover the remarkable results — jobs either, as their places of employment were prompt, effective relief from of extensive clinical experience wrecked. So it is in many other com- arthritis pain. you minor Now, and doctor-supervised research munities. If you are a Legionnaire, or this can -get all the facts about conducted throughout the last ten Auxiliare. or one of the Sons of The American Legion, make it 100% by send- outstanding Niagara method that years. Find out how to combat ing something to your state Legion Hq, many doctors recommend. many common problems of the payable to "American Legion Alaskan Re- over-40 years—without resorting lief." If you don't know the address of your state Hq, send it to us, and we'll ac- FREE INFORMATIVE BOOKLET to drusis. knowledge it (if your name and address

Learn the truth about arthritis are on the envelope) and forward it un- pain. Read the latest information Send today for this free booklet opened. Do it now and mail it to: about many typical symptoms of -"ACHES, PAINS Alaskan Relief American Legion of (your state) and over 40 . . . in- ACHES. men women AND TENSION c/o American Legion Magazine cluding fatigue, simple nervous- 40." It's PAINS AFTER and 720 5th Ave. ness, lack of sleep, as well as the yours without obli- jtMSlOHS New York, N.Y. 10019 AfTf* 40 minor pain and muscle spasm of gation. Simply mail THE SIXTH OF JUNE chronic arthritis and rheumatism. the coupon below. is the 20th anniversary of the Normandy landings. In this issue we offer the view of Omaha Beach as movie NIAGARA THERAPY CORP. producer John Ford and his Coast Guard Dept. AL-6, 23 West 47th St., New York, N. Y. 10036 cameramen saw it—as told by Ford to Please rush complete information on the dynamic new concept of body care Pete Martin.

without drugs . . . the remarkable method already discovered by millions of We wonder how many American Le- people, thousands of doctors. Send the informative booklet, "ACHES, PAINS gion posts will arrange some special event 40." AND TENSION AFTER I understand this booklet is mine free, and with- to mark the Sixth of June. Of all the anx- obligation. out ious days of the Second World War, In- vasion Day for Normandy seems to us the Name.. one day of our greatest anxiety, our pro- foundest prayers, our most dreadful Address.. doubts, our most fervent hopes. It is worth remembering in every community in some City State Zip Code tangible way. Will your Post do something this June 6 to commemorate the fateful day when we cast the dice of war so irretrievably? RBP

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The Flag Is Us

By NATIONAL CO MMANDER^^^j/^' ^

On the American people will pause to pay tribute itself is our foremost symbol of the independence they claimed to the symbol of all that our country stands for. Flag to express.

Day, 1964, presents each of us with an opportunity for a It is noteworthy that patriotic irreverence of this kind is meaningful exercise in patriotism. rarely practiced by foreign-born Americans. Many of our It should be a day of personal as well as public reflection. new citizens have come from lands where freedom is a dream

For our love of the flag can be truly meaningful only if it and the national flag a signal of oppression. They are not expresses our love and understanding of the ideas which the embarrassed to stand up for Old Glory because they know flag symbolizes. and love what Old Glory stands for. American Legionnaires are known—and proudly so—as The privileges we enjoy as citizens will last only as long as flag wavers. We resent and regret any action that smacks of we fulfill our responsibilities of citizenship. It is not enough disrespect for the Stars and Stripes. We do so because, like to want freedom and to know how it was won in an earlier

Francis Scott Key, we have seen Old Glory embattled and day. To preserve it, we must defend and earn it. we have known the joy of helping to keep it high "o'er the In the history of nations, liberty has been lost more often ramparts we watch." through internal negligence than through external aggression. Old Glory belongs to every American. It proclaims our The flag should be for each of us a constant incentive to alert, freedom, our rights, our duties. But in the family of nations responsible citizenship. it is more than just another national ensign. Woodrow Wilson once said: "The things that the flag stands

If the American flag were to stand merely for nationalism for were created by the experiences of a great people. . . . —for a loyalty required of citizens—it would be no different The flag is the embodiment, not of sentiment, but of history. and mean no more than any other flag. But ours is a very It represents the experiences made by men and women, the special flag, with special significance for all mankind. experiences of those who do and live under that flag." It signifies that the Declaration of Independence, as Abra- How well we understand and value those experiences of ham Lincoln said, "gave liberty not alone to the people of the past will help determine the kind of America we build this country, but hope to all the world." for the future. It reminds us of Alexander Hamilton's admonition: "It Today, the Stars and Stripes keep somber vigil over the is up to the American people by their conduct and example graves of American fighting men around the world. Young to decide the important question, whether societies of men Americans in the uniform of their country serve under the are really capable or not of establishing good government colors of their country from Berlin to Vietnam, from the from reflection and choice." Aleutians to . Where the flag goes, there goes It stands for a way of life fashioned, as nearly as possible, America—the last best hope of all who aspire to a life of after Almighty Gods way—a society built upon spiritual freedom with dignity and justice. values, offering challenge for the strong, help for the weak, Flag Day will suggest these and many more thoughts about and compassion for the unfortunate. It tells us that in this the character and ideals of our country. It is a good day for land, as in no other, an individual can advance to the limit seriously examining our individual concepts of America—for of his talents—unafraid, and unhindered by the circumstances measuring our performance against America's promise. of his birth. Let us display the flag with care and pride. Let us encour-

Because we cannot comprehend America and all it repre- age others, especially the children of our communities, to sents in any other simple way, the flag is a focal image of view the flag with a pride founded upon reasoned under- our loyalty. We worship as we choose, say what we believe, standing of the great national purposes it heralds. work where and as we like, vote according to diverse shad- Among recent leaders of the nation, none excelled the late ings of political opinion. For all one hundred and eighty mil- President Kennedy in the ability to articulate those purposes lion of us, whatever our differences, the flag affirms our com- in the context of our times. "All the propaganda, all of the mon citizenship in one indivisible nation. messengers around the world, pale next to the fact of what we are," he said. "If we can do well here, if we can develop is understandable, that not all resources, if we can protect the rights of our people, if It unfortunate, but Ameri- our cans show proper respect for the flag; not all Americans we can maximize their opportunities, if we can build a strong appreciate their blessings. To refuse to join in the pledge of society, then the message of freedom will be carried around allegiance, as a group of teen-age students recently did in the world." a widely reported incident, is a sobering show of ignorance The American flag will continue to deliver that message and apathy about what America means. The youngsters said so long as we, by our sacrifice and integrity and courage, they wanted to assert their independence. I wonder how many continue to send it, for the flag is neither more nor less than of those students realized their own dilemma—that the flag the symbol of "what we are." 6 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JUNE 1964 ON THE 20t

Twentieth Century-Fox is proud to partici-

pate in the salute to the veterans of America

whose courage and bravery helped to change

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MADELEINE RENIUO DARRYL F. ZANUCK'S "THE LONG- EST DAY" has brought to people in every 'V: corner of the world the story of the heroic valor and greatness of the Allied .

Now for the first time, we present this inter- nationally acclaimed hit at POPULAR PRICES with every exciting scene intact.

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Throughout the land, wherever "THE

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DARRYL F. ZANUCK'S THE " , ,

FOREIGN POLICY "FLEXIBLE." DATELINE THE SOVIET- CONFLICT.

PLIGHT OF U. S. INDIANS. WASHINGTON

Pa ssword at the State Department today is "flexible PEOPLE AND QUOTES in p olicy. Thus, the U.S. government is "flexible" THANK YOU NOTE dealing with the communist countries . . . Officially, "To hell with your aid!" we more flexible in dealing with Yugoslavia, are President Sukarno of Indonesia. Poland, Hungary; less flexible but still flexible, dealing with ; inflexible vis-a-vis Red China; VOICE OF CASTRO and inflexible-plus about Castro's Cuba. "We will claim the base Says Secretary of State Rusk, explaining why the (Guantanamo) in the moment United States treats different communist countries dif- we consider convenient and ferently: "The Communist world is no longer a single will use the ways of interna- flock of sheep following blindly behind one leader." tional organizations that we Some of the communist governments have become respon- will consider convenient for sive, in varying degrees, if not directly, to the our claim." President Dorticas aspirations of their people, at least to kindred aspi- of Cuba. rations of their own . . . The United States should en- courage this trend, say Washington's "flexibles." HAPPY SCHOOL DAYS Rusk says U.S. prime goal is inflexible: to oppose "College students are mar- communist expansion, by or threat of force, around ried, employed, going to or re- the world. turning from a conference, ap- prehensive about examinations, Red Russia and Red China, like thieves falling out , are ruled by the clock like the most saying sorts of each other these days all mean things about harried executives . . . which is althougn it takes hignly sjcilleu interpreters of Sino- why so many are also in the Soviet semantics to figure out what they really mean. midst of psychiatric treatment." In Washington, the theory is that Khrushchev and Mao Dr. Jacques Barzun, Dean of Tse-tung are not only fighting over personal power and Faculties, Columbia Uni- glory as the No. 1 leader of the communists' world, but versity. also over the basic approach to world revolution. The Chinese, who have little to lose themselves, A LITTLE KNOWLEDGE have demanded that the Russians go all out to promote "There is nothing so stupid world revolution by force, without regard to consequences as an educated man, if you get him off the thing he was edu- . . . The Russians, though, figure they've much to lose, including national survival if nuclear war should break cated in." The late Will Rogers. out . . . Around the world the red parties are also split- PATRIOTISM ting over this issue . . . Question is how can the "Only those Americans who United States best exploit the red split? are willing to die for their Among Americans living in seemingly perpetual poverty country are fit to live." General are the 380, 000 Indians eking out a substandard exist- of the Army Douglas Mac- ence on isolated reservations scattered through the Arthur, deceased. United States. NO FLEXIBILITY The Indians are citizens, vote, perform military serv- "You are endangering the ice, pay taxes, and are desperately poor. defense of the country by de- The reservations rate among the worst off of the pending on this weapon sys- nation's "pockets of poverty" unemployment seven times — tem [intercontinental missiles] greater than national average housing indecent ; educa- ; alone because you have no tion at a low level average age of death 42. ; flexibility. You only have two Under Bureau of Indian Affairs, the United States is choices: You are either off the trying new approaches to generations-old problem: build- button and are at peace or you ing new homes through mutual help, setting up tribal are on the button and you are enterprises (such as ski-lift), encouraging establish- at war." Gen. Curtis LeMay, ment of factories near reservations . . . Encourag- Air Force chief of staff. ing progress is being made with Seminole Indians of Florida, who gave up resistance to United States only SMALL-SCALE TECHNOLOGY ten years ago ! "Too often we think of tech- One of few assets of these natives is their claim nological development as build- against United States for wrongs done a century ago . . . ing big factories, but people in Congress has recognized the need to settle these ancient my country need very basic claims, but in two decades only about 20% of the claims knowledge." Nigerian Ambas- have been settled to date. sador Julius M. Udochi.

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THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JUNE 1964 9 - BOOKS f

THE CONSERVATIVE AMERICAN, by The brand new "Concise Dictionary of

Clarence Manion. The Devin-Adair Co., American is single The Left and The Right Biography" a volume, $4.75. filling about two inches of shelf-length. It During most of the last 32 years liberal contains in its 1,273 pages— say its pub- SUICIDE OF THE WEST, by James Bum politicians have held the major public offices lishers— every reference that is in the big ham. The John Day Co., $5.95. in our federal government, says Dean set, 14,870 in all. Naturally, many of the Self-avowed political liberals, and the Manion. I heir influence on our foreign and biographies have been condensed to get all cued that they call liberalism, are causing domestic policies lias given rise to an op- of them in one volume. Part of the reduc- the West to suffer defeats, losses and with- posing force, conservatism. With this as his tion has also been achieved with smaller drawals in its struggle with communism, premise, Manion presents in capsule form type, larger pages and thinner paper. The states Mr. Burnham. His book is both a study highlights of the political struggles that have test, as we saw it, was whether in the process and an indictment of the creed that cur- been carried on in both major parties since of condensation, the work had been butch- rently sules itself "liberalism." Ha\ ing failed that time between the forces of liberalism ered to worthlessness. First we looked at the to solve the political problems which have and conservatism. great names— George Washington, the other been challenging Western civilization since In a separate section, he discusses the Presidents, and other familiar names in our the earliest days of the Bolshevik Revolu- principles and rights that he feels must be history. We felt that the biographies of tion, liberalism comforts the defeated and fought for and preserved if our national them were unstinted and entirely adequate. excuses its defeats by claiming that they are sovereignty is to be perpetuated. csh We then went to the other extreme and in fact victories, says Burnham. In doing so, examined obscure names that few people- it oilers an easy way out of facing the awful today would be expected to know. Here is truth that civilization is once again being where the big saving overrun by barbarians. Persons of Note in space was made, Starting with a geography lesson that with two- or three- might well be entitled "How The West Has CONCISE DICTIONARY OF AMERICAN line entries that are Shrunk," Mr. Burnham proceeds to define BIOGRAPHY—A one-volume condensation identifications, not bi- l lie "liberal type" and to identify specific of the main volume "Dictionary of Ameri- ographies. Example: liberals. He examines their political and can Biography," edited by Joseph G. E. Hop- "Perry, Enoch Wood social goals, what motivates people to be- kins. Charles Scribner's Sons. $22.50. (b. Boston, Mass., come liberals and (he effect of this liberalism I he many volumes of the original "Dic- 1831; d. New York,

on our government's policies. He sees mod- tionary of American Biography" occupy N. Y., 1015) , portrait ern liberalism as a major contributory factor about an even three feet of shelf-length in and genre painter." in the death of the West, a death which he our library. They are a valuable, time-tested Finally, we went to fee ls is inevitable unless today's disease of reference to men and women of the past the "middlin' self-deceit is checked and a major reversal who have made a mark on the American names, great men in Walt Whitman in our way of thinking and acting takes scene— a classic reference encyclopedia of their fields, but not place. American people. Lincolns or Washingtons. Showman Florenz Ziegfeld has 17 informative lines; bacteriolo- gist Hans Zinsser has 26 of the same; poet Walt Whitman has more than two pages; Pilgrim captain Myles Standish gets 16 lines; pharmacist Edward R. Squibb has II of them; railroader Leland Stanford has a full column. Of all the Englishmen Conclusion: This work is entirely ade- quate as a one-volume reference to 14,870 Americans of the past. RBP who drink gin... Heritage of Valor, by Budd J. Peaslce, how many Col., U.S.A.F., Ret. j. b. lippincott co., $5.50. The story of the 384th Bombardment Group and the Eighth Air Force during drink Gordon's? WW2.

ost of them. And it's been that Red Smith on Fishing, edited by Verna way for years. To be blunt Reamer, doubleday & co., inc., $3.95. M Fishing around the world with spoils it, is England's biggest about Gordon's columnist Red Smith. selling gin— as it is America's and the world's. Why? Probably because we The Kaiser, by Virginia Cowles. harper have always refused to tamper with & row, §6.95. A penetrating biography of Kaiser Wil- a good thing. Gordon's still harks helm II, which presents the man, his times back to Alexander Gordon's original and the world-shattering part he played in formula — conceived in 195 them. years ago— so its distinctive dryness Roots the and delicate flavour remain un- Challenge of the Steppes: of Cold War, by Joseph F. Rudinsky, D.D.. unchallenged to this changed and LLD. ROBERT SPELLER & SONS, $6. day. Ask for Gordon's by name. Viewing the Central European States as: 1) the weak link in communism's chain, and .PRODUCT OF U. S. A. NEUTRAL SPIRITS DISTILLED FROM GRAIN. PROOF. GORDON'S DRY GIN CO., LTD.. LINDEN, N.J 100% 90 as 2) the defense of western Europe, the author sets forth what he believes are vul- nerable spots to be found in the philosophies of the East and West. csh 10 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE JUNE 1964 Happy gift for fathers and graduates-the Norelco Comfort Shave

Norelco Speedshavers give them the most comfortable way to shave close and clean.

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The Career of CHARLES

By GERALD L. STEIBEL

Charles de Gaulle of France is de GAULLE doing today what he has done for 30 years: outraging his col- leagues and allies on a grand scale. In the almost five years since he returned The life story of the man who made a strong as head of the French Government, de Gaulle has antagonized his close sup- porters by freeing Algeria, his European France dependent on his person and will. allies by barring Britain from the Com- mon Market, and the United States by recognizing Red China and advocating a "neutralization" of Vietnam that could open it to communist takeover. There is doubtless more to come from him. His own view of himself and his ac- tions is calm: A statesman fulfilling the role destiny has marked for him—the reassertion of French greatness. Others, however, have not been that calm. Franklin Roosevelt used H. G. Wells' de- scription of de Gaulle: "an utterly sin- cere megalomaniac." Winston Churchill lauded him in public, but said in his memoirs, "I understood and admired, while I resented, his arrogant demean- our." Dwight Eisenhower says he liked de Gaulle personally, though he was ex- Pit. traordinarily difficult to work with. Jo- seph Stalin was contemptuous, saying, De Gaulle, center, in the 1909 yearbook of Stanislaus College, Paris.

12 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • J UNE 1964 "He's not complicated." John Kennedy admitted he didn't understand what dc Gaulle was trying to do. De Gaulle himself never cared what others thought of him. Through the vears, his indifference was bolstered by a growing record of being right. He was right about forecasting the Second World

War and its dangers, right in believing his country would need him again when he retired in 1946, right in thinking he could defy Britain and the other Atlantic partners without being stopped. He will go on being certain he is right in Asia, in Africa and in his newest ventures into Latin American politics.

Right or wrong, de Gaulle is a com- plex man. an enigma to those closest to him, a riddle to much of the outside world. There was little in de Gaulle's early years to suggest that he would eventually irritate and provoke on so grand a scale.

Born on November 22, 1890, in Lille, it was 30 years before he mounted his first rebellion, and 40 years before others in the world began taking notice of him. Both de Gaulle's parents were the es- sence of quiet and reserve. His father, Henri de Gaulle, was a professor of phi- losophy and literature in a Jesuit school in Paris, where Charles and his three brothers and one sister grew up. His

BLACK STAR

Propelling himself with the Allies as the man to lead France after WW2, de Gaulle sits with Roosevelt (I.) and Churchill (r.) at the 1943 Casablanca Conference.

father, he says, was a "thoughtful, culti- the young de Gaulle felt deeply and they vated man imbued with a feeling for the provided yet another facet to his complex dignity of France." and that feeling took personality. deep root in the son. A veteran of the Though reticent and bookish, dc Franco-Prussian War, the elder de Gaulle Gaulle also had his lighter side. At school was wounded in the fighting that marked he was known affectionately bv his fellow the humiliation of France by Wilhelm's students as "the big asparagus" because and Bismarck's Germans. Charles' of his 6'4" height. On occasion, he would mother never forgot the tears in her own poke fun at his own prominent nose by parents' eyes when the news of Bazaine's declaiming from Rostand's plav. Cyrano capitulation came through. de Bergerac, whose hero's romantic his spirit blighted the size his nose. President de Gaulle in 1963. To family legacy of patriotism and was by of his scholarly excursions into history, de Through all his solemnity, the young de mother. Jeanne Maillot-Dclannoy, was a Gaulle added the sensuous experiences Gaulle displayed a capacity for humor, deeply religious woman whose ancestors of a young man in Paris in the first dec- not the least of which was more than had fled Scotland and Ireland two cen- ade of the I900's: " Nothing struck me once directed against his own postures. turies earlier after the overthrow of the more than the symbols of our glories: In 1908. de Gaulle entered the mili- Stuarts. From them, he inherited a life- night falling over Notre Dame, the maj- tary academy of St. Cvr. France's "West long piety and simplicity of personal be- esty of evening at Versailles, the Arc dc Point." His decision to seek an army ca- havior. Triomphe in the sun. conquered colours reer was made with all the self-assurance Young Charles also acquired from the shuddering in the vault of the Invalides." that characterized his later life: "I was start two other loves. First was his love France became to him "like the princess convinced that France would have to go of the classics. He read avidly at home in the fairy stories or the Madonna in through gigantic trials, that the interest and in the secondary school he attended the frescoes, as dedicated to an exalted of life consisted in one day rendering

in Paris, stocking his mind liberally with and exceptional destiny." her some signal service, and that I would everything from Greek thought to mod- But there was an unease and a sadness have occasion to do so." He saw in the

ern psychology. His speeches are still in this, too. France, in the early 20th cen- army one of the few opportunities for peppered with classical quotations, his tury, was wracked with the aftermath dedicated professionalism— combined with style modeled on Victor Hugo's "Con- of defeat—the surrender by the French devotion to country "'one of the great- cision, precision and decision." of Fashoda. in the Sudan, to the British; est things in the world." De Gaulle also absorbed from his par- the anti-Semitic evil of the Dreyfus case; De Gaulle graduated from St. Cyr in

ents their love of country, which he car- the "many gifts wasted in political confu- 1911. among the first 1 5 in his class. This ried far beyond ordinary patriotism. His sion and national disunity." These, too, (Continued on page 48)

THE AM ERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JUNE 1964 13 WE SHOT D-DAY OMAHA BEACH

Twenty YEARS have passed since the Great Invasion. On June 6, 1944, film producer John Ford led his Coast Guardsmen ashore, armed with movie cameras, to be the eyes of the world on Norman- dy's bloody beaches. Here's how D-Day looked to the man whose job it was to see it for everyone.

By PETE MARTIN British had licked their wounds, and invasion. On the Continent, a valiant and rallied behind the indomitable spirit of vigilant underground army somehow en- their Prime Minister. They clawed away dured, risking torture and firing squads saw D-Day in Normandy 20 at Hitler's air force as the Luftwaffe tried for themselves and their families and Whoyears ago? to pound their island soft for a German friends to hamstring the German occu- No one man really saw it, for its stage was as big as the world and its Dragging ashore men whose landing craft was sunk. actions were as big as history. While Nazi Germany held all of France after the fall of Dunkirk on the English Channel in 1940, we amassed huge forces in England. In an operation called Overlord we committed them to the perils of the sea and the German- held invasion beaches of the French Normandy Coast, starting at the base of the Cotentin Peninsula at 0015 hours on the morning of June 6, 1944. Since Dunkirk, millions of men and women had lived, worked, suffered, prayed, died—so that this invasion of Hitler's fortress would come off. The 14 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OFFICIAL I S. COAST GCARIJ 1'IIOTOS

From an abandoned Nazi trench one of Ford's Coast Guardsmen shot this panorama of the Omaha invasion beach.

pation forces in a thousand secret ways. like the plague of locusts Joseph said Not until the war's end in 1945 was

After June 1940, the fight grew more would best Pharaoh. Soon it would be northern Italy mopped up with finality. difficult as, one by one, the remaining within striking distance of the Suez With the invasion of Italy under way European nations joined Hitler or were Canal. In Russia. German armies, pene- in 1943. and the menace de- crushed by the of his military trating the Caucasus, attacked Stalingrad. clining in the Atlantic, the Allies began forces. Hungary, , and Bul- During most of 1942, U-boats were sink to establish the huge base of operations garia allied themselves with the Nazis. ing Allied ships in the Atlantic faster in England that would make it possible Only Yugoslavia and resisted. In than they could be built and launched! for us to invade Fortress Europe across April and May 1941. they in turn fell But General Montgomery, with the the English Channel.

before the German Wehrmacht. In all help of lend-lease tanks and equipment, Throughout the rest of 1 943 and early Western Europe only Sweden and Switz- stopped Rommel in October at El Ala- winter of 1944, preparations continued erland remained neutral. mein; and the Russians held at Stalin- at a frenzied pace. The Russians were Then suddenly in June 1941, Hitler grad. The following month, our armies impatient at the delay, for the Western turned eastward, invaded Russia, and under General Eisenhower invaded invasion of France would ease German England gained a new ally. Two months North Africa to help the British and Free against them in the East. In later the U.S. Congress, prodded by French defeat the Afrika Korps. By May England the race was against time and President Roosevelt, voted lend-lease 1943, this was accomplished. Mean- . Unless the invasion took place dur- aid to save Britain from a collapse boded while, in February, the Russians had ing early June. H-hour could not be by her African defeats and shipping fought the Germans to a standstill at triggered and set for the prized combi- losses to U-boats. Stalingrad, mounted a huge counter- nation of early dawn and the lowest tide. The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor offensive and captured nearly a third of a Without this combination, thousands of on December 7, 1941, brought our own million Nazi troops. underwater obstacles and mines would country into World War 2. The year that With each victory the Allies gained not stand exposed to be avoided or de- followed was the darkest of the entire new momentum. From Africa we stroyed bv the invading landing craft and war for the Allies. In the Pacific the launched our attack on Sicily, then Italy. troops. Japanese captured everything in sight. That country surrendered in September Somehow, by an effort that now seems They were even on the frightening verge 1943, though the German forces there incredible, almost 2 million men were of invading . In Africa, Rom- did not! It was on , 1944, one day assembled in England. On D-Day. some mel's Afrika Korps swarmed into Egypt before D-Day, that Rome was captured. 160.000 managed to get ashore on the

THE AM ERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JUNE 1964 15 French Coast. This was a day for which of Wrath, How Green Was My Valley, trained for every sort of action. They the world had waited anxiously for years. The Long Voyage Home, Stagecoach could drop by parachute, land with Hearts skipped beats and fingers were and Tobacco Road. After painting mo- raiders, commandoes, infantry. They crossed around the world while the ebb tion picture classics with film, he was knew about amphibious landings. All and flow of events on the Normandy one of those given the assignment of Ford had to do was name it. They could beaches were in question. Failure would preserving on movie film the history of do it. He'd hand picked his group of throw the free world into gloom. The the Normandy invasion for posterity. He helpers. They were a superb team. Ford answer to the question "What now?" in drew Omaha Beach as his "location" and was told to head that team up and get case we were hurled back was one that as a result didn't see Utah Beach at all. both color and black-and-white footage people hoped they would never have to But on Omaha, the acting was real of the invasion of Omaha Beach from provide. All that first day, until word enough and so was the shooting. start to finish. came that our troops had begun to plunge This winter I found a tired John Ford He was in London when Wild Bill inland, hearts pounded while millions back in between takes of a gave him the word. Ford (as well as clasped their hands and bowed their movie he was directing in Wyoming. practically everybody else) knew the in- heads in prayer. He'd talked very little about D-Day in vasion would start soon. He and his outfit Despite the fears of Overlords plan- the last 20 years. "What is there to tell?" had been in the British Isles for quite a ners (and possibly because of ihem), he asked at first. "My story is in the film while readying themselves for their part

Allied casualties on D-Day, June 6. 1 944, we shot! Millions of feet of it!" in it. Two high-ranking officers talked were much lighter than had been antici- pated. The Allies lost between 10,000 and 12,000. Of these, approximately 6,600 were American, the rest British and Canadian. German casualties were CONTINUED a third of the Allied total, though by the We Shot D-Day end of June they reached about a quarter of a million, including prisoners. Nobody who was there really saw the operation. The anxious people all over the world who pieced together the news reports with bated breath saw more of it; the intelligence officers putting bits of information together for the high com- mand and the heads of the contending nations saw it. The Army historians saw it later as they wrote the Normandy in- vasion into the Army's huge history of WW2.

But the participants didn't see it. Each saw his own little acre; his own piece of treacherous, churning water; his own sweep of beach; the bluff ahead that he had to mount against the fire from that house, that cliff; his own comrade who just fell on the sand. Ford, right, inspects a Coast Guardsman who The beaches. Utah, Omaha were U.S., readies his camera for the invasion photos. the others British and Canadian. The very first forces ashore were troops of our 82nd and 101st Airborne Finally he said that the real-life drama out of turn at parties about the impend- Divisions who dropped on the Cotentin he remembers most vividly of all in his ing invasion. Ike broke them both back Peninsula behind Utah Beach the night film-making career was the tragedy and to pre-war rank—one major general to before. They saw little the of mighty triumph of D-Day. "Not that I or any lieutenant colonel—and shipped them to world drama; in the dark, they even had other man who was there can give a the United States with a devastating to find one another out by ear, snapping panoramic wide-angle view of the first reprimand. five-and-dime cricket toys as signals. wave of Americans who hit the beach Ford's team had been alerted for sev- The crew of the old battleship Texas that morning," Ford said. "There was a eral days. There had been no passes for stood with the offshore armada to give tremendous sort of spiral of events all the men. They loaded $1 million worth heavy artillery support for the landing over the world, and it seemed to narrow of camera gear on the destroyer Plunket. . Though it was daylight, they saw down to each man in its vortex on Omaha By they were set. They went off but a part of the invasion. Little spotting Beach that day. My group was there to in convoy on the night of , only to planes, droning low over the coast, were photograph everything we could for the be called back. Bad weather off the the Texas' eyes to tell it via radio where record. In the States, as Overlord got French Coast. The next day. June 5, was to fire. under way, the film Going My Way with even worse, but there was a good chance There was one man there on Omaha Bing Crosby and Barry Fitzgerald was a for a Normandy landing in spite of the

Beach whose sole mission was to see the smash hit. I had nothing to do with it, bad weather. The meteorological experts invasion for the world, and for history. but the title was somehow appropriate reported the weather would let up for a

He was John Ford, the movie director when I remembered what we were start- while in France, long enough to get the and producer. What did it look like to ing in Normandy." landing started. As it happened, the "bad him? Ford was head of the Photographic weather" was the worst Channel storm in Ford, a veteran of WW1 as well as Department of the Office of Strategic 40 years. D-Day, originally set for June WW2. has had a career studded with top Services under General "Wild Bill" 5, was postponed in the middle of a cinema awards for such films as The Donovan. The cameramen in his unit raging gale. Hundreds of ships that had Quiet Man, The Informer, The Grapes were attached to the Coast Guard and set off for their rendezvous the day before

16 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • J UNE 1964 —

headed back to port. Others flopped been taken by the American and British got more on shore. I heard later that U.S. around blindly at sea, waiting, their forces pushing up the Italian peninsula. plane production was being cut back that

crews and the troops aboard furious, sea- I did read later that he gave no hint about same month. And the Government ap- sick, underfed, weakened by the storm. Overlord, saying only of the three Axis parently had just cancelled a contract for Finally, at 0415 hours, June 5, while capital cities: 'One down and two to 800 cargo planes after the Budd Manu- winds of near hurricane force snarled, go-' facturing Co. had built only four of them. the meteorologists told Ike and his staff "The Plimket dropped anchor close If we hadn't gotten ashore that day, a that they would slacken the following inshore off Omaha Beach about 6 a.m. hell of a lot of plans would have gone morning, and stay fairly clear for 36 Things began to happen fast. It was ex- down the drain. They must have been hours. Ike polled the staff. Some said yes; treme low tide and all the underwater awfully sure of success back in Wash- others were doubtful. Finally there was obstacles put there by the Germans stuck ington. a silence and everyone waited tensely for out crazily like giant kids' jackstraws "The fog and mist cleared away shortly

Ike to make the decision as Supreme with mines and shells wired all over them. and it became full daylight. The cloud

Commander. Later it was said by some There were demolition teams on the first cover didn't go away, however. When that he deliberated between 15 and 20 landing craft that were supposed to blow our fleet of heavy bombers went in to seconds, others stated that he took 2 such things out of the way for the land- clobber the beaches, they bombed blind minutes, even as many as 5 minutes, be- ings to follow. As the first landing craft through solid cloud and their bombs fell

fore looking up and saying, "Let's go . . . started past the Plunket, I could see the way inland. That was another mess. They on Omaha Beach

The cameramen were waiting on shore as these troops stormed through the surf at Omaha Beach on June 6, 1944.

f don't see how we can do anything else." troops bailing with their helmets, stop- had been supposed to blanket the Jack Ford says, "When we did start ping to heave their guts out every few beaches, the Nazis' machinegun nests, we were the last ship out in our huge throws. In the closer LCMs and LCVTs observers' posts, big gun emplacements.

convoy. There were more than 50 other I could even hear them puking over the This would explode a lot of mines in the convoys, some bigger than ours. Nobody noise of motors and waves slapping flat sand, make convenient craters in which was quite sure just how many ships there bows all the way to the beach. our men could take cover at first, and

were in all, at least 4,000 though, I heard "I remember looking with pride at the stun or knock out a lot of enemy gun-

later. Nothing like it ever in the English battlewagon Texas anchored to our left," ners. I expect they planned to scare them, Channel, not even the Spanish Armada, Ford told me. "She was one of our old, too. The Germans opposite us were sup-

356 years before. I went below for a old battleships, not new like the Wiscon- posed to be Russian and Polish 'volun-

minute or two and suddenly our flotilla sin or the . I was listening on the teers' and service troops. Unhappily, was switched about and we were headed radio to TBS, the talk-between-ships. The when our bombs missed the troops op- in another direction, which put the old Texas had artillery observers both ashore posing us they turned out to be a tough

Plimket in the lead. I am told I expressed and in recon planes overhead who spoke infantry division that had been moved some surprise at leading the invasion back to them and gave directions about up for rest and training without our

with my cameras. What I'll never forget knocking out certain points of German intelligence finding it out. When they

is how rough that sea was. The destroyers defense on the coast. Of all the rounds finally opened up with fire power, it was rolled terribly. Practically everybody was the Texas fired she only missed once. The tragic what they did to us. stinking, rotten sick. How anyone on the only trouble was that for some reason "Everyone held his breath while the smaller landing craft had enough guts nobody, not even we, expected the flight naval bombardment was going on. We left to get out and fight I'll never under- overhead of all our little L-4s and L-5s wondered about the complete absence stand, but somehow they did; and well, observation planes; and we apparently of return fire. Not a shot from shore all too. We hadn't heard President Roose- shot most of them down ourselves. Poor the time our landing craft headed in. velt's hastily scheduled radio address a fellows. As a result we were short on When our fire lifted just before our first few hours earlier about Rome having observers for a couple of days until we LCVTs began to blow up on the ob-

THE AM ERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JUNE 1964 \J Ponte du Hoc today. A French bridal couple start a new life where the American 2nd Rangers scaled 80-foot cliffs to a Nazi pillbox.

Continued We Shot D"D y on Omaha Beach stacles, we thought they were going to —just take movies of everything on make it without any opposition from the Omaha Beach. Simple, but not easy. The Normandy: coast. Then the Nazis opened up and skipper of the Plunket loaded us into hellish fast, too. DUKWs. About midmorning they went "Troops were jumping over side into off shoreward. I remember watching one D-Day plus the water so they wouldn't have to wade colored man in a DUK.W loaded with through streams of machinegun fire supplies. He dropped them on the beach, 20 Years when the bow ramp dropped. Then some unloaded, went back for more. I watched, of the tanks with flotation gear started fascinated. Shells landed around him. going by. I saw two take direct hits, or The Germans were really after him. He hit mines. Others had their canvas flota- avoided every obstacle and just kept tion gear punctured and sank like stones. going back and forth, back and forth,

I don't believe more than one or two completely calm. I thought, By God, if ing to admit he was braver than I was. climbed out on the beach near us. The anybody deserves a medal that man does. "The discipline and training of those tanks were supposed to give mobile, I wanted to photograph him, but I was boys who came ashore in the later waves close-in artillery support while our men in a relatively safe place at the time so of landing craft, throwing up and groan- were getting past the sea wall to knock I figured. The hell with it. I was will- ing with nausea all the way into the out the pillboxes and machineguns, but beach, was amazing. It showed. They they didn't have a chance. made no mad rush. They quietly took "Neither did the LCMs bringing in their places and kept moving steadily bulldozers and more tanks. They really forward. Anyone can have hindsight, caught hell. Later I heard that only three there is no trick to that, but it is still hard bulldozers out of 30 or 40 made it. I also for me to realize that back home in the remember seeing landing craft swing out nightclubs 'Pistol-Packin' Mama' was of control and smash against obstacles making the audiences sing, clap and where they touched off a mine and blew stomp. sky high. On a later day, much later, I "From the Plunket I recall vaguely discovered that it was this very week that seeing a landing craft off to my right hit the first U.S. shipyards were getting a mine and suddenly go up, and another ready to lay off hundreds of men as war- tangled in an underwater obstruction time orders slackened. swinging around in crazy, uncontrolled "At one point, just before we went circles. Most of the kids on board got ashore with the second wave, our ship, off and waded ashore. the Plunket, was banging away at a stone "Once I was on the beach I ran for- building just behind the beach. I said to ward and started placing some of my the captain, 'I wouldn't think the Ger- men behind things so they'd have a mans are stupid enough to stay in there. chance to expose their film. I know it

It's too prominent. I bet if you raised doesn't make it blazingly dramatic, but your guns and fired at that little house all I could think was that for the most back up there, you might stir up some- part everything was all so well co- thing.' He fired a couple of shots at it, ordinated, fitted perfectly, went beau- and by God, the place spewed German tifully. To my mind, those seasick kids troops like a hornets' nest. It erupted. The crosses, row on row, in the American were heroes. I saw very few dead and "The objective of my outfit was simple Battle Monuments Comm'n's cemetery. wounded men. I remember thinking,

18 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • J NE 1964 —

I hat's strange, although later I could see seeing. I was reminded of that line in his mind and accepted the other's opin- the dead floating in the sea. I also re- 'The Red Badge Of Courage' about how ion. But since the net result left them member being surprised at how much the soldiers were always busy, always still on opposite sides of the fence, that closer the Plunket looked from shore, deeply absorbed in their individual com- didn't help them very much. Hitler held much closer than the shore had looked bats. In this awful seesaw, the people back his Panzer reserves to meet the a few minutes earlier from the Plunket! who were actually there on the beaches expected attack on Calais until it was too

Thoughts are funny things; they wander. only saw the thing the way I did. In my late for them to counterattack before we

I recall wondering how our troops in the case, it is the extreme example of the had a foothold. In addition, Allied para- Pacific felt. A couple of weeks later they narrow view of the participants, because troopers who went in the night before invaded Saipan to establish airfields for my staff and I had the job of 'seeing' the D-Day had captured roads and bridges the B-29s. whole invasion for the world, but all any so far inland that it made it difficult for a "My memories of D-Day come in one of us saw was his own little area. counterattack to be assembled and set in disconnected takes like unassembled "At first when our outfit hit the beach, motion. The German High Command shots to be spliced together afterward in we ran for cover. Then we made for the had recently ordered the word 'catastro- a film. I can't remember seeing anybody hills, pausing to expose film footage here phe' eliminated from all military reports get wounded or fall down or get shot. I and there. I'm not sure of the name of the and the German vocabulary in general. passed men who had just been hit. I saw main town just back from the coast As I recall it, the only counterattack one group get out of a landing craft and Colleville-sur-mer? If I'm right, that launched on D-Day was against the make a rush to their assigned positions. means Colleville-On-The-Sea. After that British. But the B. E. F. had been able to As they rushed they passed two men on the Germans made their first stand. Ac- land their tanks and anti-tank guns so

PHOTOS BY AI, WOOI.I.EY

French summertime beach crowds inspect relics of the great invasion in the Omaha Beach Museum at Arromanches.

the ground who had been hit. They tually, I had expected that we'd meet they stopped the Germans cold just in- glanced at the two for a minute. They much more resistance from the Germans land from the beach on their way to knew that the medical corpsmen would on shore, but after all it was a surprise Caen. reach them right away. One of the two attack. As we began silencing or captur- "At any rate, it turned out that who had been wounded managed to rise ing their guns one at a time, the fighting Rommel was in Germany for his wife's and stagger to cover. The other had to in our immediate sector slackened and birthday. I guess we can be damn grate- be dragged. It was a good thing that the no German reinforcements appeared. ful he wasn't at headquarters in previous month the U.S. pharmaceutical "The Germans thought our landing LaRoche-Guyon when we landed. God industry had produced a record-breaking craft were going to zero in on Pas de knows it was terrible enough without 100 million units of the new wonder drug Calais, 240 miles northeast, Europe's him. We'd heard from a British woman, penicillin. The Army had the highest closest point of land to England. The Air interned by the Germans and repatri- priority. It needed it. Force had run all kinds of diversionary ated a week earlier, that the German

"To tell the truth, I was too busy doing movements over that spot and in con- people were supposedly terrified of being what I had to do for a cohesive picture of siderable strength. Our bombers had invaded. German newspapers were pub- what I did to register in my mind. We plastered Calais for weeks. As a result, lishing conflicting reports every day, stayed on our job and worked that day the Germans were concentrated there. I guessing at dates and locations of the and for several other days and nights, read later that Hitler had said that we Allied landings. The German troops sure too. When you concentrate on a job the would land where we did, but Rommel didn't act terrified! way we did, there was no time for sight- disagreed with him. Later each changed (Continued on page 44) THE AM ERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JUNE 1964 19 (5tneral ©ouglas Macarthur's JFarewcU

Gen. John J. Pershing pins Distinguished Service Medal on Brig. Gen. MacArthur, leader of the 42nd Division in World War 1.

onor,

General Douglas MacArthur, Commander of the 42nd (Rainbow) Division in WW]; Commander in the Southwest Pacific in WW2; Supreme Commander of occupied after WW2; Commander of all UN forces in the Korean War until removed by Presi- dent Truman; a five-star General; a life member of Alonzo Cudworth Post of The American Legion in Milwaukee, Wis.; died in Walter Reed Hospital at the age of 84, on April 5, 1964. On May 12, 1962, then 82, General MacArthur delivered what he properly called his farewell to a life devoted to "duty, honor and country" in a speech delivered with- out notes to the Corps of Cadets at the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, N. Y., on the occasion of his being awarded the Military Academy's Thayer Award. Here is the text of that eloquent speech, omitting two introductory paragraphs.

Return to the Philippines. MacArthur honor, country: Those three hallowed words reverently dictate what you wades ashore at Leyte in Oct. 1944. Duty, ought to be, what you can be. what you will be. They are your rallying point to build courage when courage seems to fail, to regain faith when there seems to be little cause for faith, to create hope when hope becomes forlorn. The unbelievers will say they are but words, but a slogan, but a flamboyant phrase. Every pedant, every demagogue, every cynic, every hypocrite, every troublemaker, and,

I am sorry to say, some others of an entirely different character, will try to downgrade them even to the extent of mockery and ridicule. But these are some of the things they do. They build your basic character. They mold you for your future roles as the custodians of the Nation's defense. They make you strong enough to know when you are weak, and brave enough to face yourself when you are afraid. They teach you to be proud and unbending in honest failure, but humble and gentle in success; not to substitute words for actions, not to seek the path of com- fort, but to face the stress and spur of difficulty and challenge; to learn to stand up in the storm, but to have compassion on those who fall; to master yourself before you seek to master others; to have a heart that is clean, a goal that is high; to learn to laugh, yet never forget how to weep; to reach into the future, yet never neglect the past; to be serious, yet never to take yourself too seriously; to be modest so that you will remember the simplicity of true greatness, the open mind of true wisdom, the The end of WW2. Gen. MacArthur signing the Japanese surrender document on the meekness of true strength. U.S.S. Missouri in Bay, Sept. 1945. They give you a temperate will, a quality of the imagination, a vigor of the emo-

20 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • J UNE 1964 tions, a freshness of the deep springs of life, a temperamental predominance of courage over timidity, of an appetite for adventure over love and ease. They create in your heart the sense of wonder, the unfailing hope of what next, and the joy and inspiration of life. They teach you in this way to be an officer and a gentleman. And what sort of soldiers are those you are to lead? Are they reliable? Are they brave? Are they capable of victory? Their story is known to all of you. It is the storv of the American man-at-arms. My estimate of him was formed on the battlefield many, many years ago, and has never changed. I regarded him then, as I regard him now, as one of the world's noblest figures; not only as one of the finest military characters, but also as one of the most stainless. His name and fame are the birthright of every American citizen. In his youth and strength, his love and loyalty, he gave all that mor- tality can give. He needs no eulogy from me, or from any other man. He has written his own history and written it in red on his enemy's breast. But when I think of his patience in adversity, of his courage under fire and of his modesty in victory, I am filled with an emotion of admiration I cannot put into words. He belongs to history as furnishing one of the greatest examples of successful patriotism. He belongs to pos- First day in Japan. MacArthur meets the terity as the instructor of future generations in the principles of liberty and freedom. press after flying to Tokyo from Manila. He belongs to the present, to us, by his virtues and by his achievements. In 20 cam- paigns, on a hundred battlefields,

around a thousand camp fires, I have A DEADLY PARALLEL witnessed that enduring fortitude, that patriotic self-abnegation, and "Come with me into Macedon," he said. that invincible determination which potent, grave and reverend Senators, "Most have carved his statue in the hearts And taste the rigors of a soldier's bed, of his people. The blood and anguish of a soldier's wars." From one end of the world to the the chal- "Come with me into Macedon," he cried, other, he has drained deep "Fat comfortable strategists at home. ice of courage. As I listened to those And you will see how humble men have died songs [of the West Point glee club], To save the freedoms—and the baths—of in memory's eye I could see those Rome!" staggering columns of the first World War, bending under soggy Thus he rebuked them bluntly, as becomes packs on many a weary march, from A warrior married to his country's cause, dripping dusk to drizzling dawn, Who hears, above debate, the din of drums, slogging ankle deep through the And fights her battles while they make her laws. mire of shell-pocked roads, to form As long as danger calls, he must obey; He cannot die ... he will not fade away. grimly for the attack, blue-lipped, Joseph Auslander covered with sludge and mud, chilled by the wind and rain, driving "A Deadly Parallel" is a tribute to General MacArthur, based on a rebuke to the Roman home to their objective, and for Senate delivered by Gen. Lucius Aemilius Paulus to the judgment seat of in the 2nd Century B.C. Joseph Auslander, whose many, God. "A Deadly Parallel" first appeared in the "The I do not know the dignity of their Lyric" in the summer of 1951, is a distinguished American poet and the first incumbent of the birth, but I do know the glory of Chair of English Poetry at the Library of Congress. their death. They died, unquestion- ing, uncomplaining, with faith in their hearts, and on their lips the hope that we would go on to victory. Always for them: Duty, honor, country. Always Restoration of Japan. MacArthur reviews their blood, and sweat, and tears, as we sought the way and the light and the truth. occupation troops in Tokyo as he directs 20 years after, on the other side the filth And of globe, again the of murky foxholes, the rebuilding of the defeated country. the stench of ghostly trenches, the slime of dripping dugouts, those boiling suns of re- lentless heat, those torrential rains of devastating storms, the loneliness and utter deso- lation of jungle trails, the bitterness of long separation from those they loved and cher- ished, the deadly pestilence of tropical disease, the horror of stricken areas of war. Their resolute and determined defense, their swift and sure attack, their indomitable purpose, their complete and decisive victory—always victory, always through the bloody haze of their last reverberating shot, the vision of gaunt, ghastly men, reverently following your password of duty, honor, country. The code which those words perpetuate embraces the highest moral law and will stand the test of any ethics or philosophies ever promulgated for the uplift of mankind.

Its requirements are for the things that are right and its restraints are from the things

that are wrong. The soldier, above all other men, is required to practice the greatest act of religious training—sacrifice. In battle, and in the face of danger and death, he discloses those divine attributes which his Maker gave when He created man in His own image. No physical courage and no greater strength can take the place of the divine help which alone can sustain him. However hard the incidents of war may be, the soldier who is called upon to offer and to give his life for his country is the noblest development of mankind. War again. In bitter winter, MacArthur You now face a new world, a world of change. The thrust into outer space of the (left) talks with front line soldiers in Korea satellite, spheres, and missiles marks a beginning of another {Continued on page 43) during his last campaign in uniform. THE AM ERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JUNE 1964 21 DUANE ROBINSON FROM PIX INC.

A Look at

AN AIR VIEW OF DALLAS, TEXAS, WHERE THE LEGION WILL HOLD

22 TH E AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JUNE 1964 DALLAS, TEXAS

By ROBERT B. PITKIN

The 46th National Convention of The American Legion will be held in Dallas, Texas, next Sept. 18-24. It will be the first Legion national con- clave in Texas since the 1928 convention in —when the late Paul V. McNutt, of Indiana, was elected Na- tional Commander and the convention ~ ilium explicitly predicted Pearl Harbor and the Second World War if the U.S. persisted in its disarmament policies of that time —which it did. Dallas is probably the finest conven- tion city in the land that the Legion has not yet visited en masse. Its accommoda- tions for the comfort, enjoyment and convenience of visitors—rooms, enter- tainment, good eating, centralization of facilities, convention hall—rank in cali- bre and class with those of the big resort cities, such as Las Vegas and Miami Beach, and in some respects outrank

them though Dallas is a white-collar busi- ness city, not a resort. Dallas has been in the news in an un- favorable light since President Kennedy was assassinated there last Nov. 22. Since then every journalistic Monday morning quarterback seems to have been busy finding all 1,300,000 people in the Dallas metropolitan area guilty by association of the acts of and —neither of whom were na- tives of Dallas. Some have even called for the Legion to punish the city by pull-

ing its convention out. Yet my friend, George Cornelius, Jr., the Indianapolis printer, had told my best girl: "Don't fail to go to the Dallas convention with your husband. You'll have a ball in Dallas!"

Never having seen much of Dallas, I flew out of New York in April to see

what sort of a place it is for convention- goers.

I put up at the fantastic new Cabana

motor hotel, which is right next to the fantastic new Marriott motor hotel on the Stemmons Freeway, in the very shadow of Dallas' downtown center of modern skyscrapers. You might get more, somewhere, in

the way of a motor hotel, but I doubt it.

Later I visited the Marriott next door, the Executive Inn out at the airport, took a peek at construction on the new How- rS NATIONAL CONVENTION IN SEPTEMBER. ard Johnson's on Stemmons Freeway

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JUNE 1964 23 —

CONTINUED A Look at DALLAS, TEXAS

and at the Holiday Inn, farther over in town. I eyed the Ramada Inn at the airport and other motels, driving by in my rented car (of which Dallas offers many). I investigated the older hotels in the midtown area, such as the Adolphus and the Baker, and the big, new hotels, such as the Sheraton Dallas that's attached to the Southland Center luxury sky- scraper, and the new Statler Hilton with its massive, curved The Memorial Auditorium, among the best convention halls in the front. I looked at the large, bright, comfortable, air-condi- land, is right in downtown Dallas, will park 1,100 automobiles. tioned Memorial Auditorium which will hold the Legion con- vention sessions (only a short stroll from the dead center of describe Dallas' extravaganza of visitors' comforts. Oh, those town). I sampled more good food and more beverages and special Spanish Empire duplex apartments in the Marriott! more entertainment in more establishments for genteel human enjoyment than my doctor would approve. (They are more costly than the Marriott's more ordinary richly-appointed quarters for common folk.) One thing the I came away agreeing with George Cornelius, Jr. A conven- Marriott has that the Cabana hasn't is a convention hall of tion-goer who doesn't have a ball in Dallas has to bring his its own that'll hold eleven hundred people. Talk about tourist own misery with him. What Dallas provides for visitors is cabins! But I'll just have to let the Cabana and Marriott folks in addition to being very comfortable—fantastic, sumptuous, fight it themselves as to which is best at turning extravagant and moderate in price. out among a poor man into an emperor while he's there. The Cabana, where I put up on a warm night after a jet The competition for honest praise didn't let up in Dal- trip, ranks with the Marriott as the 1964 climax of the U.S. my las. It got out of hand. The hotels are "class" too, and the motor hotel concept. It has a Graeco-Roman motif added eating places and the good entertainment spots. The Ports o' to 1964 modernity. My room lay deep in red carpetry, with Call Restaurant on the 37th floor of the Southland Center white Roman and Greek statuettes for lighting fixtures; a bed is, believe me, elegant in its mere furnishings and motif, let so broad I could stretch my six-foot-four length almost cross- alone the food you get and what you pay for it. I don't see wise on it; one whole wall mirrored; air conditioning or heat how it's going to hold the Legionnaires who will want to eat adjustable to the fingertip; the furnishings all white and mar- richly appointed, exotic-atmosphered dining spot that ble-patterned with spaciousness between, and enough dresser in this gazes down on the whole northeast Texas plain and the buzz- drawer space to do well if I moved in for keeps. The "closet" ing city of Dallas. was a furnished ante-room to the bath. The bath was roomy, The prices in the quality eating places in Dallas had a white extension telephone. The tub was enclosed in menu are surprising. Dinners at the best eating places were mostly a glass shower stall, and the hot water ran furiously and hot in the $2.25 to $2.75 range. These are meals which range immediately. The Cabana is about as expensive as they come from $3 to $5 in New York, Chicago, San Francisco, Miami in Dallas, and I was living like a millionaire on $14 a night, single, in accommodations for two. Down in the Bon Vivant dining room live entertainers were regaling the diners. In the nearby Nero's Nook cocktail

lounge "club" a three-man combo played. I joined the "club" by showing my room key to the desk clerk. I had two Bloody Mary's in Nero's Nook served by quiet, good-looking host- esses in imitation white-and-gold ancient Roman get-up. I chatted with Bill Pauli, Cabana sales manager—a Korea vet who had worked at the Plaza in New York. From him I

learned that Doris Day is a part owner of the Cabana and

Jimmy Hoffa is not. I sauntered to the swimming pool. There I sat in a warm breeze as colored lights played on gushing

fountains, and I stared at the Dallas skyline, so close I felt I could almost touch the midtown Southland Center tower as traffic whizzed by on the freeway below into the heart of the city. It was a good end to a day for a weary traveling

man and I went to bed early. The next day I made the mis- take of visiting the Marriott motor hotel, in company with

Mike Barns of the Chamber of Commerce. Mike is a trans- planted young Iowan, who kept praising Dallas long after we were on such intimate terms that he knew me for a hard-bitten journalist who only believes what he sees. The trouble with

the Marriott is that it is easily as sumptuous in its own way as the Cabana. If this kept up I'd need an encyclopaedia to Visitors' comfort begins at Dallas' luxurious Love Field airport.

24 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JUNE 1964 —

Now then, you like exotic food, seafood, pancakes in style, or just good wholesome barnyard eating? Ports o' Call (the skyscraper restaurant) offers food in the style of Papeete, Singapore, Saigon and Macao. The Ramada Inn, at the air- port, specializes in pancakes and pastries, with all the syrup and molasses, butter, bacon and sausage that go with a pan- cake house and a "plantation atmosphere," and has more different kinds of syrup than you ever heard of—-coconut, boysenberry, right down the line. The Chateaubriand boasts continental and French cooking, and takes pride

in its wine cellar. The Golden Nuggett, last I heard, is decked out in pure haute monde Texas atmosphere with the smell of raw leather and a catchall menu including beefsteak, sea-

Air-conditioned, bright, with excellent acoustics, the Auditorium can seat 3,000 in soft seats on the main floor; 10,439 in total.

Beach, Los Angeles. In one of the very best restaurants I ran my eye down the menu price column and found only one dinner over $3, none over $4. About five top eating spots hit the $4-$5 range. There are spots in Dallas where you can pour money out like water—like the world famous Nie- man-Marcus department store, which advertises nationally and whose six floors of shopping area maintain an atmos-

phere, a presence, and a line of goods as if they were expect- ing the Queen of England in ten minutes. You want to know where Texas oil money goes? The husbands reinvest their share in new enterprises and the wives spend theirs at Nie- man-Marcus. Lesser women finagle Nieman-Marcus shopping bags for status, then sneak out to the other good stores on

Elm, Main and Commerce streets to fill them. My Emily had

threatened punishment if I didn't bring her something that

was exclusively Nieman-Marcus. Before I left home I added what was in my piggy bank to my winter's bowling winnings

and in Dallas I blew it on a half-ounce of Nieman-Marcus perfume—$15 plus tax. I got kissed when I got home, ugly as I am. You can't get NM perfume anywhere except Nie- man-Marcus, Dallas.

Now about food. I did my best, and didn't put on too much, honest, Doc. Mike Barns had bragged to me about the beef

at the Beefeaters Inn. As I recall, he said you didn't need

gums to chew it and it was as sweet to a man as candy is to a baby. "Show me," said I. Arthur and Mary Lee run the Beefeaters (evening meals only). It's small and comforta- ble. Mary wasn't there. Mike took Arthur aside and said, "Look, I've got this magazine writer here. He'll write for millions about the food. Quick, Arthur, what's the best thing on the menu tonight? The very best?" Arthur Lee said: splendor is but a sample "Anything. Let him order anything on the menu." "Please, La Tunisia's "Arabian nights" of the luxury of Dallas' restaurants, hotels, motels. Arthur, the best," Mike implored. "Anything on the menu," said Arthur, growing stern.

I ordered a prime rib dinner (this was about $4.25). The food, Italian and Mexican cuisine. La Vielle Varsovie, also

meat was rich, red, juicy, and about yea thick. You scarcely known as "Old Warsaw," is French; there are four El Fenix needed gums to chew it and it was as sweet to a man as candy Restaurants (Mexican); Dominique is French and Italian;

is to a baby. I don't see how the Legionnaires who will want The Torch is Greek; Yee's. near the airport, is Chinese to eat at the Beefeaters will ever get in the place. It's small indeed Cantonese. and comfortable. We've tossed in a photo of La Tunisia with this story so

Oh, well. Right downtown is the Copper Cow with barbe- you can see what I mean about "sumptuous," "extravagant," cued ribs, chicken, ham or beef at $2.85, with seconds on the and "richly-appointed." The details are peculiar to La Tu-

house; and a couple of Cattlemen's Restaurants with host- nisia, but the general flavor is what I've been talking about esses in 6-gun western outfits; and the Steak House Unique; in oodles of Dallas spots. La Tunisia, in Exchange Park, decks

and the Town and Country Restaurant which specializes in itself and its help out like the mysterious East, and offers beef as well as Chinese dishes—and they all go in for ele- North African food as well as Texas steaks. Maybe its 7-foot gance and atmosphere. turbanned doorman will be there (Continued on page 41)

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JUNE 1964 25 WASHINGTON PRO * CON OPPOSING VIEWS ON COMPULSORY UNIONISM

SHOULD THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT CONTINU YES

Rep. William M Tuck (D-Va.) the minority are protected. In the "union shop," the 5th District minority have no rights; if in a plant employing 100 49 national labor policy, workers, 51 vote for a union shop, the remaining Our is of absolute tyranny. expressed in Section 8 (a) must join or get out. This a form The other contention most often advanced is the so- (3) of the National Labor Rela- that are not tions Act, permits employers called "free rider" argument— those who benefit from the union's work and should be and unions to make "union members shop" agreements. Where these forced to pay. The inference is that if a man elects not to join the union where he works there can be but one agreements exist, there is no his desire a parasite on his fellows. But freedom of choice for the indi- reason— to be there are many reasons why a man may not want to vidual worker; union membership is compulsory and join a union. believe that the union's demands he must join or be fired. This serious infringement of He may will bring his unemployment by forcing his em- freedom was unacceptable to Senator Taft and others. about the force, or even Through their insistence the 1947 Taft-Hartley Act ployer to automate, reduce work plant; he oppose the political provided, by Section 14(b), that union membership close down the may causes candidates his dues would support; he may could not be made a condition of employment in states and believe that union policies are harmful generally by which acted to outlaw such compulsion. America's position in international trade Twenty states have so acted, through passage of endangering or by producing inflation. In any event, it is for each "Right-To-Work" laws. The individual worker is free individual to decide whether the union, on balance, to join or not to join a union at his place of employment benefits him; only the "Right-To-Work" laws give the —as he sees fit—without fear of sanction or reprisal liberty not join. whichever his choice. to Repeal Section 14 (b) and you repeal the freedom of Repeal of Section 14 (b) would withdraw from the the states to legislate for the welfare of their citizens, states the right to safeguard by law their citizens' exer- and the freedom of choice and of association which is cise of individual liberty. It would repudiate the will the inalienable right of every American. of the people of 20 states and paralyze the other 30, in order to vest in organized labor a power given no private institution in our society and wholly alien to our society—the power to compel membership, sup- port, and unquestioning allegiance. Against the "Right-To-Work," the proponents of compulsion make two chief arguments. They argue that if the majority of workers in a bargaining suit want a union shop they should have it, because ma- jority rule is the American way. But majority rule is the American way only when the essential liberties of

feel If you wish to let your Congressman or one of your Senators know how you

on this big issue, fill out the "ballot" on the facing page and mail it to him.

26 TH E AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JUNE 1964 REP. WILLIAM M. TUCK, VA. AND SEN. HARRISON WILLIAMS, JR., N. J.

SUPPORTING STATE "RIGHT-TO -WORK" LAWS? NO he should be free to drop union membership. What is Sen. Harrison Williams, Jr. (D-N.J.) overlooked is that a person dropping club membership is from using club facilities. "WETERANS GIVE-AWAY IS a barred w tricky label used to dis- Because a union must assist non-member employees, credit needed veterans' benefits. the issue does not concern a person's right to work, The tricky "Right-To-Work" but rather the wrong he does his fellow workers who assistance ; bargaining label camouflages state laws that must finance the he ga ns from of destroy majority rule and in- "Free riders"—Senator Taft's characterization employees who accept union services but assume none dustrial peace—goals which are union basic to our democracy. of the costs—are resented by members and make or "Right-To-Work" laws destroy free choice and force for an insecure union. In time, frivolous grievances displace responsible an employer and his workers to accept a compulsory unreasonable wage demands may the finances to open shop. Here, the employer and his workers are collective bargaining. Without needed its responsibilities, a union ultimately denied the freedom to decide upon a "union shop," conduct may jeopardizing the industrial peace so "agency shop," or other mutually agreeable work ar- collapse, thereby growth. rangement authorized by our national labor laws. vital to our nation's security and economic advo- Under national law, "agency shop" employees not Ironically, some aggressive "Right-To-Work" totally indifferent toward obtaining Fair Em- joining a union pay service fees to cover bargaining cates are legislation. This suggests they are not really costs. "Union shop" employees must join the union or ployment opportunities but are pay union dues; and national law allows workers to interested in fair employment label "Right-To-Work" to disguise end the "union shop" by majority vote. But the using the tricky "Right-To-Work" compulsory open shop cannot be their efforts to destroy free collective bargaining. "Right-To-Work" laws is the senseless changed—even when the employer and every em- Hiding behind jungle of industrial strife which this nation abandoned ployee want to. that wasteful chaos. Besides destroying free choice, "Right-To-Work" years ago. We must not go back to laws are basically unjust. A union is legally required to negotiate wages, process grievances, and provide other hard-won benefits for union and non-union workers alike. Despite the union's duty to assist all employees equally, some "Right-To-Work" laws bar arrange- ments where non-union employees pay their fair share for these services, even when the employer and the majority of his workers want such an arrangement. The "Right-To-Work" argument mistakenly com- pares unions with voluntary associations. It claims that since a person has the right to drop club membership,

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE

I have read in The American Legion Magazine IN MY OPINION THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT STATE "RIGHT TO WORK" LAWS. for June the arguments in PRO & CON: SHOULD SHOULD NOT SUPPORT

Should The Federal Government Continue SIGNED

Supporting State "Right-To-Work" Laws? ADDRESS TOWN STATE L. .J THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JUNE 1964 27 A REPORT FROM The Alaskan Earthquake

By KEN SCHANK anyone else's children, and he was taken ter was approved for use on Friday Public Relations Officer, American into the other room and settled down. morning. The two GI's on duty with the Legion Post Anchorage, Alaska 1, 1,482 people entered the Post the first water truck made themselves extremely night with approximately 375 persons re- helpful, not only for the water distribu- the 27th day of , On maining all night in the building for the tion, but also for details such as garbage Jack Henry Post # 1 , Anchorage. shelter the Post offered. Many had no removal, washing dishes, unloading food Alaska, one of the oldest Posts in The homes and in many cases had no knowl- and many other chores. American Legion and the first Post of edge of the whereabouts of their families. Another critical problem was sanita- Alaska, chartered in February 1919. re- Some were in tears, others in shock. tion. When the water system was rup- ceived one of its most trying experiences. There were three cases of pregnant tured a need for toilet facilities was of On this date at 5:37 p.m. pandemo- women. One was having labor pains. The too great importance to be treated as nium broke loose at the time normal Post was fortunate in having a doctor a delicate subject. Several Legionnaires preparations were being made for the and one or two nurses on duty at all acquired large metal pails with lids in bi-monthly meetings of its members. This times throughout the week. At times as which holes were cut with a hunting grand old building squirmed and groaned many as five nurses were on duty. Three knife and plastic bag inserts were secured in the twisting actions of what was to corpsmen and an ambulance were also from a nearby super market. This type be one of the world's greatest earth- dispatched to us as standby from a near- of container is usually referred to in quakes. Within seconds God had stopped by Air Guard base for the first 48 hours. Alaska, as its counterpart was in the the progress of man as electricity, water, We also had offers of psychiatric treat- Army, as "honey bucket." honey telephones and gas were dormant, the a A ment if we needed it for any of the refu- bucket brigade was set up in both toilets contours of land and buildings were gees or workers. None was required but to keep them clean and see that the waste changed. Many personal tragedies and several times it was marginal with some was disposed of by a honey bucket wag- deaths were soon to be known to the of the workers who had been on their on. At the same time there were 80 chil- world. After an inspection of the build- feet continuously for six days and nights dren in the building and a need for dia- ing, it was determined safe for use as a with some having no more than six to pers was quickly overcome by placing shelter and the Commander issued a call eight hours of sleep the whole time. The disposable diapers in the ladies' rest room. over the only radio station in operation original idea was to fill the gap for Civil These were also given to the babies' for all members to meet at the Post. In Defense from the time of emergency un- the meantime, several Legionnaires and mothers when they left the Post for their til the wheels could be set in motion and new homes. sanitation problem was their families had arrived at the Post, for- The the larger organizations could take over. well getting their own personal losses and under control by Saturday afternoon It was never intended to duplicate the restored to the problems, to be of assistance to the com- as the water service was Cross and Salvation munity. Soon many more Legionnaires work of the Red building. But it was not tested and con- and Auxiliary members, who had heard Armv, although the coordination was sidered safe to drink until Friday noon of units. the the appeal for help, arrived. wonderful between these By the following week. filled its mission it had Immediately the shelter was organ- time the Post had served 5.200 sandwiches. 320 gallons of the area water situation as it ized: candles and fireplace were lit. the With meals, propane stove in the kitchen served well coffee and well over 6.000 hot was, an immediate need for ty- to make coffee, crews were dispatched consisting of sausage and eggs, moose, phoid vaccine was noted and steps were hot rolls, for water from nearby wells, snow was bear, caribou, salads, soup, taken to give typhoid shots at the Post. also melted and sandwiches were made chicken, salmon, chile, hot dogs, ham- The big problem was where to acquire the from the well stocked kitchen. burgers, airline flight dinners, cookies, vaccine. This was temporarily overcome The Legion's Civil Defense Chairman stew and many other edibles. Three by calling a druggist whose store was in went immediately to Civil Defense Head- radio station crews received hot meals the middle of the disaster area and getting quarters, which was not destroved. and around the clock, which totaled 99 meals permission to use his vaccine. This fur- began working with the officials. daily. They were delivered by our trans- nished vaccine for 400 people Saturday Two members located a power plant portation committee, who also served afternoon. Many were turned away. Sat- for auxiliary power, as candles and gas many meals to employees of the airport urday night one Legion member was lights were too dangerous in a crowded who were unable to get food because the leaving by plane for Seattle and was told building. A fire guard was put into action only cafe in that area had collapsed. A to contact the Legion Post in Seattle immediately to prevent a loss by fire. lunch wagon was also dispatched from early Sunday morning to arrange for The transportation chairman went in- the Post to the downtown disaster area shipment by air of 1000 cc's of typhoid to action providing drivers and vehicles serving hot meals, sandwiches and coffee vaccine. This arrived Sunday noon and for communications between the Post, to the rescue workers. immediately calls were sent out over ra-

Civil Defense Headquarters and radio As people filled Jack Henry Post # 1 dio stations that shots would be given stations (three were now operating). many problems arose. One problem was that afternoon. Sunday afternoon the Registration was set up at the door by drinking water and water for dishes. This citizens of Anchorage were lined up for the Auxiliary women to list all people was overcome by 3:00 a.m. Saturday a city block awaiting their shots. Easter entering or leaving the building, when morning when two Legionnaires went to eggs and cookies were given to the chil- they left and where they went. We found the Civil Defense Headquarters and ar- dren after they received their shots. this was very beneficial later in locating ranged for an Army water tanker to be (Clothing and food were also distributed missing persons. As each person came dispatched to the Post. A driver and as well as many gallons of water. Baby in. he gave his name, was asked if he had helper were stationed there until city wa- food was passed out as required.) 1,069

28 TH E AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JU NE 1964 Anchorage devastation. In foreground, whole hillside slid out leaving remains of houses a chaotic jumble.

shots were given in three hours. Many still Easter. The surplus baskets were de- military on duty there. They were very food handlers, doctors and nurses, fire- livered to the Alaska Native Hospital for grateful, but their first question was what men and other busv people were placed distribution to the children there. could they do for us in Anchorage. at the head of the line, as they arrived, By now the whole country was aware As the clothing drive started, it created in order that they might get back to their that Jack Henry Post # 1 was fulfilling another monster. Approximately 8.000 work. Bv Fridav evening, one week after its purpose in the community. Manv tes- lbs. of clothing started to arrive at the the disaster struck, a total of 3.020 ty- timonials had been given the Post for Post. This was sorted bv the clothing phoid shots had been administered, along meritorious service in time of need. One committee and the Junior Auxiliary. with many sedatives and treatment of prominent newscaster gave 1 5 minutes Soon another 65 boxes of clothing ar- small children for minor illnesses. of his radio time for a wonderful talk rived on MATS Military Plane from

All of the food, clothing, coffee mak- praising Jack Henry Post # 1 and what Anacortes. Washington. As the building ers, blankets, sleeping bags, disposable it had accomplished. Although it was bulged with clothes, the Legion Post diapers, cigarettes. Easter eggs, movie given at 2:30 a.m. Sunday morning, #28 offered their fireproof building as projectors, film, music, clothing and manv ears were tuned to it. One person storage and distribution center and the manv other items were donated bv the in particular was tuned in. a long time VFW Auxiliary offered their help to dis- citizens of Anchorage. The response to member of our Post—Bob Kaufman. pense and sort the clothes. The Red our wonderful radio station calls was The next day he was at the Post with his Cross and Salvation Army sent many overwhelming, manv times we had to wife helping direct traffic in the building. people out to us with referral slips but cancel the appeal for certain items with- When he registered he told the recep- many people were given clothes as thev in 30 minutes after it reached the air. tionist "manv times he had been proud took their shots or came in for a hot

Saturday evening the organ that is nor- to be a Legionnaire, but never had he meal. Our records list 67 families sup- mally used at the Post for fun and play been so proud to be a member of Jack plied with clothing. Many others w ho re- ." had a serious part to play in rendering Henry Post # I This 76-year-old mem- ceived clothing and food were not listed. a service to our community. It was ber will never be able to say those words The clothing, food and toy situation is played by a Legion member for several again. Bob Kaufman, life member, now under control and w e probably have hours, soothing the tired, weary and passed away that Tuesday morning of a more of these items than are actuallv shocked. The music did much for the heart attack. This Post is certainly going needed. morale of all who heard it. Many dozed to miss this wonderful man. We of Jack Henry Post # 1 of An- off in their blankets and sleeping bags. To our knowledge at this time there chorage. Alaska, can walk w ith our heads have been two members of this Post erect and feel proud to have the little As Easter Sunday came to light, hot listed as casualties. Robert Kaufman and number 1 on the side of our caps. Our _ food was served and later in the Lee Stever. mission of supplying meals, shelter, cof- morning projectors and films to last all Due to poor communications up to fee, clothes, guard duty and many other day were set up in our back room and the this time we have not been able to con- duties for the community w'as well per- children sp;n. most of the day viewing tact the other Posts and receive full de- formed by many persons for many long comedy and serious films. While the chil- tails of casualties or losses in the quake hours and sleepless nights until the job dren were occupied, babies were being area. When this information is received. was finished. cared for bv the Junior Auxiliary girls Jack Henrv Post it I will be standing bv Jack Henry Post #1 is ready for to- so their parents could move about. The to help. morrow, next week or next year and will sons of the Legionnaires were detailed One truckload of clothes, food and always be available if help is needed in to remove the bedding and sleeping bags sleeping bags was taken to Glennallen the community. However, none of this from the building and air them out. Post #27. Monday evening bv a volun- could have been accomplished without When evening fell and manv of the good teer and given to the Post to distribute. the help of all the businessmen, citizens citizens had felt the sting of the needle, At the time he arrived the evacuees of and children of the community. To these a deluxe Easter basket was issued to ev- Valdez and town people were reported wonderful people. Jack Henry Post #1 ery child in the shelter. After all, it was to be eating the rations issued to the extends its heartfelt thanks. the end

THE AM RICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JUNE 1964 29 your hook under it to keep the hook from waving in the breeze while you move to an- other spot. Used as a swab, a pipe cleaner i% ROD &GUN® will oil those hard-to-reach places in your

Guessing The Weather WHEN WATER IS MUDDY after a heavy rain, most fishermen stay home. Why waste time when the fish can't see the lure? They Meteorologists say that simply by it is to the north or northwest, south or might not be able to see one, but they can noting cloud types and wind direc- southwest, it will miss you in all probability. hear it. Use a surface lure that lot tion outdoorsmen in the field can make But if you are facing a south wind, indicat- makes a of fuss, for big trout a small reasonably accurate weather forecasts for ing the storm is west from you, get ready popping bug and for bass a large plug that splashes nois- short periods in advance. All weather on for it. If an early morning fog has no wind ily when retrieved. Or try a gob of worms this continent moves generally from west to to blow it away, the day will be fair. on a hook with a dished-out cork as a bob- east. The clouds which precede it reveal its Want to tell the air using ber; the cork can be to character. Their types depend on the air's a watch? Count the cricket chirps for 15 made pop by jerking the tip. temperature and moisture content, two basic seconds and add 40, says an oldtimer. We're rod Cast along a shoreline. causes of weather. The third is wind, due waiting for cricket time to see for ourselves. to dillerences in air . The weather- DRUG-LOADED ARROWHEADS were the subject of an article in a recent out- indicating clouds are: cirrus, hair-like wisps WHEN YOU'RE FISHING in a boat and door magazine. high in the stratosphere, also called "' you get thirsty, you may have soda or beer These "hypo arrows," loaded with a special drug, could kill a deer tails"; cumulus, which resemble tufts of cot- or a thermos but there's no place to rest it cleanly, painlessly, within 30 seconds after ton: stratus, a layer of shapeless fog high where it'll be tip-proof after it has been it was hit. good idea? If you're think- above the ground; and nimbus, a heavy A black rain cloud. ing of giving them a try, forget it! Al- most the of chemicals A sky of cirrus clouds indicates short everywhere use or drugs in taking animals is forbidden range fair weather. When displaced by game except in very rare instances. If you're a cumulus, then stratus, a steady rain is due bow-hunter, you'll have to continue doing shortly. A cumulus sky not preceded by ii the old Redskin way. cirrus also means fair general weather but if these clouds grow into huge anvil shapes consider trout the with black bases, they are cumulo-nimbus, LOYAL FLY ANGLERS nobility of game fish and even abhor the or thunderheads, and will become local idea of catch'ng one on a worm. How must thunderstorms. When cirrus or cumulus in- they feel about this latest bait? At Lake crease in number to cover the sky and the Merced. San Francisco, anglers have discov- wind is westerly, squalls may develop but opened. After Andy Louviere of Jeanerette, ered that trout have a hankering for vari- seldom steady rain. The same sky with an La., decided he'd spilled too many he dis- colored miniature marshmallows. The bait easterly wind means, however, steady rain covered a remedy. To the sides of his boat has another advantage; when trout aren't within a day. A stratus layer promises rain near each seat he screwed an empty can biting, the angler can eat it himself. at any time. When nimbus clouds appear, slightly larger than his favorite beverage they bring immediate rain. When the sun container. Now he simply places the open A DEER CALL often will coax a nice buck shines through a halo (high-altitude bottle or can in one of these improvised to your rifle, and Owen Gordon of McCool, stratus), rain will follow by nightfall. Scat- holders. A coat of spray-paint protects them Miss., has a recipe for one. All you need, tered patches of stratus in an east or south from rust. he says, are two strips of soft wood about wind will bring rain. 4"x2"x'/»". a flat and some Cloud colors at dawn and sunset are MOST FLY LINES must be treated peri- strong fishing line. With a sharp knife carve caused by the moisture content of the air odically with line dressing so they'll float a shallow hollow in the center of one flat which bends the sun's light rays varying and also so they'll shoot through the rod side of each wooden strip, then place one degrees and so they also are weather fore- guides with a minimum of friction. Should casters. If the sun rises in a blue sky be- you forget your dressing, writes F. S. Mill- hind light violet clouds, the day will be fair. ham of Fullerton. Pa., just take a piece of

If the clouds form a purple cloud bank, waxed paper, fold it, and draw the line there will also be a strong wind. A gray or through it several times. The wax will serve rosy dawn means a sunny day. but a fiery as an emergency dressing and you're back red one means rain and wind. These are in business. eastern skies, however, and weather comes from the west; therefore the day clouds may BROWNING ARMS CO., one of our show a weather change. Evening skies in most reliable manufacturers of fine shot- the west are more reliable. After a fiery guns, rifles and pistols, last year branched sunset expect a hot, clear day with probable out into the archery business. Now it's in strip on top of the other with these hollows afternoon thunderstorms. A red sunset with the fishing tackle business, too. Recently it facing each other and with the flat strand heavy clouds means a cloudy day with a acquired a fishing-rod subsidiary, the maker of rubber band stretched tightly between late rain. A golden sunset with purple of Silaflex rods. We are familiar with these them. Tie together the ends of the strips with clouds, or a rosy sunset, generally brings fishing rods and find them in keeping with the fishing line. you blow gently clear weather, but a yellow evening sky Browning's high standards. They are tough, When through the hollow thus formed, the rubber forecasts rain. have continuous action from butt to tip, band will vibrate and you'll get a very se- Winds from the north to southeast usually and are not expensive when one considers ductive "bla-a-at" that will fool any deer. bring rain except in some western areas. their quality. Those from the south to northwest bring If you have a helpful idea for this feature fair skies. A marked shift in wind direction ORDINARY PIPE CLEANERS can be send it in. If we can use it we'll pay you means a weather change, from rain to fair useful to all anglers, even non-smokers. §5.00. However, we cannot acknowledge, re- of or from fair to rain. To track a distant They can be twisted around coils mono- turn, or enter into correspondence concern- thunderstorm, face the wind; the storm filament and nylon leaders to keep them ing contributions. Address: Outdoor Editor, will usually be directly to your right. Since from becoming entangled. Twist one around The American Legion Magazine, 720 Fifth thunderstorms travel from west to east, if your rod above the handle and you can slip Ave., New York, N. Y. 10019.

30 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JUNE 1964 , i ,

A DIGEST OF EVENTS WHICH VETERANS NEWSLETTER ARE OF PERSONAL INTEREST TO YOU JUNE 1964 INCOME TAX REDUCTION where total income ranges from $4,000 MAY BE TRAP IN ; to $27,000; where all their income is MANY MAY OWE THE GOV'T wages or salary: where they can claim MORE THAN THEY HAVE: 10% of their total salary or wages as - legitimate deductions ; and where with In spite of the fact that federal in- holding is done on the government's 14% come taxes have been reduced at all formula. levels for 1964, many people are apt to Tax owed be in for a very rude shock . . . They after will owe more taxes, after payroll with- Total income Withholding holding deuuctions than ever before. $ 4,000 $ 3.00 To make the shock worse, even before 5,000 24.00 the 1964 tax data was available, govern- 6,000 48.00 ment spokesmen had encouraged Americans 7,000 88.00 to spend their larger payrolls to "boost 8,000 128.00 the economy" . . . The financial world 9,000 168.00 suggested that many of them would do it 10,000 208.00 by pledging their withholding tax savings 11,000 272.50 toward credit-buying of expensive items 12,000 344.00 ... As a result many taxpayers may find 13,000 415.50 themselves coming down to next April 14,000 487.00 owing the government substantial sums 15,000 569.00 which they've already spent or obi gated 16,000 672.00 in the climate of "boost the economy by 17,000 775.00 spending the payroll tax savings." 18,000 878.00 Those who file an estimated tax re- 19,000 981.00 turn for 1964 in advance and pay on it in 20,000 1,112.00 advance will already have discovered 21,000 1,246.50 the big discrepancy between the real tax 22,000 1,381.00 cut and the illusory tax cut in the pay- 23,000 1,515.50 roll deductions. 24,000 1,664.00 On the other side of the coin, many 25,000 1,830.00 people whose whole incomes are between 26,000 1,996.00 $5,000 and $10,000 have never filed 27,000 2, 162.00 estimated returns in advance because they Having more dependents doesn't change didn't owe enough after withholding to the situation materially ... By way of be required to ... In the "spend the comparison, let's take the same family, money" atmosphere that rode in with the but with one other dependent and compare tax cut many of them may not discover the effect of the reduced withholding on until next April that this year their what it would have to ante up in the end withholding is so far below their for 1963, as compared to 1964. actual tax that they were required by On total wages of $8, 000 this family law to file an estimated return last would have gotten a refund of $8 on its

April 15 for the first time . . . They withholding . . . For 1964, al- well feel that they have been lulled though its total tax would be $148 less into owing the government money they than in 1963, it would be entitled to no don't have and violating the law as well. refund in April, 1965 ... It will have The standard government payroll with- to pay $92 from resources other than holding formula has been reduced from withholding. 18% to 14% of all wages in excess of the Such a family, if its whole income personal exemptions ($600 per person). were $15,000, had to pay $266 more than

Below is an example of what a man and withholding on 1963 's income . . . For wife with no dependents, filing a j oint 1964, although its tax is $292.40 less, it return, will owe after payroll deductions, will have to pay $501. 50 in addition to

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JUNE 1964 3J —,

what is withheld throughout the year. campaign of their own . . . This is true

What to do about it? . . . Those who of every major money bill in Congress, have not filed an "estimated tax return" be it veterans legislation, medicare, for 1964 had better get the forms and in- a "poverty control" bill or what-have- structions from their Internal Revenue you, whether sponsored by the Legion, Office, and calculate their probable 1964 the State Department or the President

income tax immediately, comparing it with of the United States . . . The road to the withholding rate applied to their pay pension reform is for all interested

by their employers . . . Many of them who people to write and write and k eep have not already done so may find that writing to their own Congressmen, and get they were required by law to have filed as many others to do so as po ssible and an estimated return last April 15, be- never get faint-hearted or discouraged cause they will owe so much more than is or accept a non-committal letter from

being withheld. one's Congressman as a final answer . . . Employers are deeply concerned about Some veterans who need this bill — on this problem and many of them have asked whose behalf the Legion sponsors it their employees to take steps to increase have asked "Why haven't the Legion's

their withholding tax . . . Some employ- spokesmen gotten it passed?" . . . No ers can withhold any additional amount money bill is passed by spokesmen, it is asked by employees, though they cannot passed by the climate of o pinion built withhold more than the insufficient fed- in Congress by the constituents of the

eral formula without a request from the Congressmen . . . Veterans who have seen employee . . . Others cannot withhold an Presidents work for years to pass their arbitrary amount because their payrolls own programs and fail should realize that are on computers, which must be fed gen- leadership can steer a bill and make it uine tax data rather than be instructed a reasonable bill to be passed and give to come up with a predetermined answer expert testimony on it and call on

. . . Such employers have been suggesting followers for untiring support, but that employees file false, but harmless only the unified persistence of people and non-fraudulent, information with who vote can bring it off. them, such as claiming no personal ex- Hearings have recently been held on emptions (though they will claim them in HR2136, to reopen NSLI life insurance their tax returns) . . . You can increase (WW2 and Korea) for a year to make your withholding by $84 a year for every amends to veterans who had the right to personal exemption that you actually have take out more insurance, but lost that (yourself, your wife or husband, your right witho ut one day' s grace period minor children) which you disclaim for more than ten years ago . . . Rehab purposes of withholding . . . Some em- Director John Corcoran testified on it ployers can increase the rate of with- for the Legion, going over ground that holding, using some other rate than 14%, has been gone over in the many years that if asked to . . . Meanwhile, unless this the Senate has unanimously passed the bill word filters down to the millions in- and the House has blocked it . . . volved before they spend the imaginary "Newsletter" takes a cynical view of the part of their tax reduction, the Capital future of this bill . . . The House Vet- may have the biggest wave of public in- erans Affairs Committee pays more atten- dignation on its hands at the moment of tion to the opposition to it of life truth next April since Yalta. insurance lobbyists, than to the bill's

eminent fairness to veterans . . . For a WHAT HAPPEN EO TO THE bill that would cost no federal money LEGION PENSION BILL? (the insured being charged for the ad-

ministrative cost) ; for a bill that the HR1927, the Legion's veterans pension Senate has passed time and again out of reform bill, which was reported and dis- a sense of fair play to veterans ; for a cussed in great detail here a year and bill that should open millions of homes more ago, has sat in the House Veterans to insurance agents (by giving 7 million Affairs Committee without hearings ever or so veterans a one-year deadline in since . . . There is no indication that which to revise their family insurance it will pass unless veterans and their programs under an expirable advantage), widows start and continue a massive the opposition seems stupid to us.

32 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JUNE 1964 OF THE NEWS AMERICAN LEGION AND VETERANS AFFAIRS JUNE 1964

tests before coming to the Tampa finals. Wisconsin Boy Wins $4,000 Fourth place winner is 17-year-old Donald L. Burnett, Jr., a senior at Poca- tello High School in his home town of Legion Nat'l Oratorical Prize Pocatello, Idaho. Donald won his $500 national scholarship after taking top honors in the Sectional D and Regional Sixteen-year-old David Bruce Marth 1 1 Contests. He participated in Idaho of Wausau, Wisconsin, won the 27th An- Boys' state, is busy with extracurricular nual National Oratorical Contest of The activities, and has won several civic American Legion before an audience of awards. His choice of career at the pres- approximately 1,200 people at Hillsbor- ent time is law and he lives with his par- ough High School in Tampa, Florida, on ents, Mr. and Mrs. Donald L. Burnett in April 16. Almost the youngest person Pocatello. ever to win the $4,000 college scholar- The first National Oratorical Contest ship, David was sponsored by Montgom- was conducted in 1938 with eleven ery Plant Post 10 of Wausau, and is a Depts competing and 4,000 students par- junior at the Senior High School of that ticipating. Held annually under the aus- city. pices of the national Americanism Com- A matter of a few months difference in mission of The American Legion, the age prevented Dave from being the contest has grown to the point where over youngest winner. Senator Frank Church, 350,000 students participate each year. Jr., of Idaho, still holds that honor, hav- national prizes total ing taken the prize as a 16-year-old in The $8,000, has 1941 at Charleston, South Carolina. and to date The American Legion Before winning the valuable college Nat'l Oratorical winner David Bruce Marth provided more than $186,000 in cash scholarship, Dave had garnered top hon- scholarships on the national level. Many competition by Lt. A. thousands of dollars in cash and ors at the Sectional C Contest held at Vernon McCauley more Indianapolis. Ind., and had also won the Post 270 of Dorchester, Mass. Chris, scholarships are awarded each year by to national eminence Departments, their districts and posts. Regional 9 trial held in the Senate Cham- who climbed by

1 for the pre- bers of the State Capitol in Bismarck, winning the Sectional A and Regional The subject material used North Dakota. Contests, is also very active in extracur- pared Oratorical Contest must be on Young Marth, who was accompanied ricular affairs. some phase of the Constitution of the by his speech coach, Ervin C. Marquardt Third place winner is 16-year-old United States. of Wausau, is active in extracurricular Gary D. Priour, a junior at Tivy High The contestants also must talk off-the- affairs, both social and athletic, and his School in Kerrville, Texas. His award cuff from four to six minutes to deter- present plans are to use the scholarship was a $1,000 scholarship which he plans mine the depth of knowledge on the sub- studying for the ministry. He lives with to use for studying law. The son of Mr. ject of the basic principles of our Con- his parents, Mr. and Mrs. Louis E. Marth and Mrs. Dale Priour, of Ingram, Texas, stitutional government. They are in- of Wausau. Gary was sponsored by the Garrett- formed of the extemporaneous subject Marth and Coach Marquardt traveled Baker Post 13 of Kerrville. A tall Texan, only six minutes before they are required over 5,000 miles in winning the seven Gary is active in basketball, football, to talk on it. oratorical contests (including the final) and among other things is an editor on Following are the eight other regional which made him national champion. several of his school publications. He winners: 2 Headlines of newspapers in his local area won the Sectional B and Regional 6 Con- Regional —Donna Maclnnis, 17, of claimed "Thousands Throng Wausau Airport To Greet Speech Champ David Marth." The sponsoring post, Montgom- ery Plant Post 10, and its drum and bugle corps, were out in force to meet the homecoming winner. Dave will also appear at many of the important national Legion events throughout the next year, including the National Convention in Dallas, Tex., Sept. 18-24. The other three finalists:

Second place winner is Christopher Kenney, 17, a senior at Boston College High School, Dorchester, Mass. His prize was a $2,500 scholarship and he intends to study for the clergy. The son of Mr. and Mrs. John Torrey Kenney of Nor-

wood, Mass., he was sponsored in the Contest runners-up (I. to r.) Christopher Kenney, Gary Priour, and Donald Burnett.

THE AM ERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JUNE 1964 33 NEWS

Notre Dame High School, Fairfield, alert every post and unit of the need for they are in high spirits. Because so many Conn. funds to provide food, clothing and other have lost their jobs and businesses, our Regional 3—Albert Meloni, 17, of basic and immediate emergency needs. direct aid has been most welcome. Gonzaga High School, Washington. Legislatively, plans went forward to "In the Homer area, early damage was D. C. assure Federal relief for the stricken not too heavy and the gravest concern Regional 4—Thomas L. Craig, 17, areas. Sen. Henry M. Jackson, is the fact that the land mass has sunk of Elkins High School, Elkins, West Va. (D-Wash.), introduced Senate Bill and is now being threatened by high 2719 to provide retroactive disaster in- . This could ruin dock and Regional 5—Thomas E. Bridwell, 17, harbor of Englewood High School, Jacksonville, surance and committee hearings were be- facilities for the future. as this written. Fla. ing held was being "According to present reports, Seward At press time, funds totaling more lost all their industry." Regional 7—Michael John Perry, 18, than $50,000 had been transmitted to the From National Executive Committee- of St. Xavier High School, Louisville, Dep't of Alaska. The figure does not in- Herald Ky. man E. Stringer, of Alaska, in a clude clothing, typhoid serum and other telephone call to Nat'l Cmdr Daniel F. Regional 8—David S. Hobbs, 17, of aid. Many more thousands of dollars Foley: "During the darkest hours the Marietta High School, Marietta. Okla. would be needed. Legion was magnificent. You would have Regional 10—James Robert Vivian, National Hq kicked off the drive with been proud as I was to see the work of 17, of Clovis High School, Clovis, N. a direct contribution of $5,000. The Post 1 here in Anchorage. This is the Mex. Dep'ts of New York, Ohio, Hawaii, and kind of thing that the Legion does best Regional 12 Kathy Eastmond, 17, — Washington followed rapidly with sums on a community level." of American Fork High School, Ameri- in the substantial thousands. Other de- Stringer, who lives in Anchorage can Fork, Utah. partments began cranking up their fund where now more than 2,000 are home- Also participating in the Regional machinery. less, said his own office was a "shambles," trials were contestants from Alaska, Ha- The Easter weekend disaster proved his home was in an unsafe-for-occu- waii, and Germany (Dep't of France). once again that the Legion, both at the pancy area, and "it is a miracle that we

The 1965 National Oratorical Finals national and local level, is at its best in are alive." will be held at Portland, Oregon. time of emergency. As soon as possible after the quake, Some reports from Legion officials Alaska Dep't Cmdr George Petrovitch Alaskan Relief Fund hard at work in the quake areas: of Anchorage, telephoned Nat'l Adj't The mighty earth tremor that shook From Joseph M. Briones. Dep't Adj't E. A. Blackmore and reported that Alaska at 5:39 p.m. on Good Friday of Alaska and Coordinator of Alaskan Seward Post 5 and Jack Allman Post 17 1964, sent tidal giant waves up and down Relief : "The Valdez situation is grim and of Kodiak had been destroyed. the Pacific Coast, caused property dam- tragic. This city will take a long time Despite all its troubles, the Dep't of age close to $500 million, registered a to come back. Women, children, and in Alaska decided to go ahead with its de- reading exceeding 8 on the Richter scale some cases, entire families have been partment convention as scheduled in An- of magnitude, and also triggered into evacuated to safe areas. Rebuilding will chorage the middle of this month. action a massive nationwide campaign have to wait until geological and eco- (For a two-page report on earthquake by The American Legion to provide nomic reports have been completed. relief work in Anchorage by Jack Henry emergency relief funds for the Alaskan Glennallen Post & Unit 27 (115 miles Post 1, please turn to page 28). earthquake victims. inland from Valdez) are doing a tre- Not all the damage was confined to Almost immediately, Nat'l Cmdr Dan- mendous job feeding and housing the Alaska. Churned by the jolting Alaskan iel F. Foley and Auxiliary Nat'l Presi- evacuees. Cash contributions to these earthquake, the Pacific Ocean, in a series dent Mrs. Lucile P. Johnson, in a joint people have certainly given them a lot of tidal waves, battered the northern Cal- telegram to all department headquarters of comfort and aid. ifornia coastal community of Crescent of the Legion and Auxiliary, urged de- "Kodiak and vicinity were hard hit. City, leaving behind numerous dead and partment commanders and presidents to Their economy is staggered. Despite this. missing and untold destruction.

JACK MORDECAI PHOTOS

After the quake, Anchorage citizens line up at Jack Henry Post 1 for typhoid shots such as this one being given with such feeling by Dr. Wilber Raybourn and received by club managerVerlin Olson. Both are Legionnaires. Girl in the background seems sympathetic.

34 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JUNE 1964 NEWS

In nearby communities, Del Norte Post 175 and Smith River Post 712 im- mediately responded to the emergency with offers of assistance. Post 175 set up a soup kitchen which was later turned over to the Red Cross, while Post 712 manned a sandwich and coffee booth in the disaster area. The May issue of this magazine car- ried an appeal in Editor's Corner for funds to be donated to Alaskan earth- quake victims with directions how to send these funds to the proper sources. We now repeat those directions. Checks should be made out to "Ameri- can Legion Alaskan Relief." and sent to your state Legion headquarters. If you don't know the address of your state Legion headquarters, send it to this magazine addressed as follows, and we will forward it unopened to your state Legion office:

1 Alaskan Relief . a—bij _ American Legion of (your state) F. D. R. signs G.I. Bill. With him: (I. to r.) Sen. Bennett Champ Clark (dbl- c/o The American Legion Magazine breasted suit), Cong. J. Hardin Peterson, Cong. A. Leonard Allen, Cong. John 720 5th Ave. E. Rankin, Cong. Paul Cunningham, Cong. Edith Nourse Rogers, FrankSullivan, American Legislative Representative, F. New York, N. Y. 10019 Legion Sen. Walter George, John Stelle (soon to be elected National Commander), and Sen. Robert F. Wagner.

Doughboy Pictures, Anyone? The Columbia Broadcasting System The G.I. Bill (PL 346—78th Unemployment compensation: is planning a television series based on Congress) was signed by the late Almost 9 million veterans received the American Expeditionary Force in President Franklin D. Roosevelt a grand total of $3,800,000,000. WW1 and needs still photographs of an (above) 20 years ago this month. Education and training: Over individual Doughboy taken at various It is one of The American Le- 7,800,000 vets received their educa- stages from civilian life into the Army gion's greatest achievements. The tion at a cost of more than $ 1 3,000,- and on into combat. Legion conceived it. drafted it into 000,000.

If you've got a complete photo album law. and fought it through Congress Guaranteed and insured loan pro- with such pictures and think they might over bitter opposition. The total ef- gram: More than 5.000,000 former meet the network's needs, get in touch fects of the bill surpassed even the G.I.'s obtained business and home with the CBS Public Affairs Dept., 485 most optimistic dreams of the men purchase loans valued at around

Madison Ave., New York 22, N.Y. who made it a living thing. More $43,000,000,000.

Don't send valuable material without than 1 1 ,000,000 veterans benefited In every respect, the benefits the first writing them. They're particularly from the G.I. Bill. G.I. Bill returned to our nation are interested in enlisted men who fought in Among its benefits were the "big so obvious they need not even be the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 26th, 28th, or 42nd three." enumerated. Divisions prior to July 18, 1918.

Legion Legislative Appearances Recent appearances before the Com- committee of the House Appropriations fore the Subcommitte on Independent mittees of the Congress by Legion offi- Committee on the 1965 defense budget. Offices, House Committee on Appropria- cials: • On March 24, Nat'l Rehab Director tions in connection with funds for the • On March 18, Nat'l Child Welfare John J. Corcoran appeared before the proper operation of the U.S. Civil Serv- Director Randel Shake appeared before Insurance Subcommittee of the House ice for 1 965. the Subcommittee on Labor, Health, Committee on Veterans Affairs and once • On April 22, Nat'l Civil Defense Education and Welfare of the House Ap- again urged the Subcommittee to act fa- Committee Chmn David Aronberg testi- propriations Committee requesting ade- vorably on the Legion's long-standing re- fied before the House Appropriations quate funds for the proper operation of quest for reopening for a limited period Subcommittee on the 1965 Civil Defense the Public Health Service. of National Service Life Insurance to Budget. • Also on March 18, Nat'l Economic WW2 and Korean War vets. Director Clarence W. Bird asked the • On April 17, National Americanism Boys' State Schedule same committee that sufficient funds be Chmn Daniel J. O'Connor testified be- Here are additional sites and dates for appropriated for the proper operation of fore the House Committee on Un-Amer- the 1964 Boys' State: the Veterans Employment Service, the ican Activities in support of legislation Alabama at University of R.I., Kings- Bureau of Veterans Reemployment to establish a Freedom Commission and ton, -28 (tentative) Rights, and related programs. a Freedom Academv under House bills Utah at Utah State University, Logan. • On March 19, Nat'l Security Di- HR-5368 and HR-8320. -July 4 rector James R. Wilson, Jr., testified be- • On April 21, Ass't Nat'l Economic Wyoming at Wyoming State Fair fore the Defense Appropriations Sub- Director Austin E. Kerby appeared be- Grounds, Douglas, -13

THE AM *ICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JUNE 1964 35 The 45th National Executivi

The 45th National Executive Committee of The American Legion had its annual spring meeting as this issue went to press. Shown on these two pages are the 1963-64 members. Of the 65 members 58 are from state and foreign departments and were elected by their department conventions. The seven elected national officers are the National Commander, five National Vice Commanders, and the National Chap- lain with the Commander sewing as chairman. All living Past National Commanders are members with- out vote. The late Bill Stern, of North Dakota, died at 77 on January 1, 1964 and had the longest contin- uous service on the NEC.

Daniel F. Foley Rev. John J. Howard National Commander National Chaplain

Hugh W. Overton Herald E. Stringer Soleng Tom Claude Carpenter Roscoe T. Morse m Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California E. Meade Wilson Sedley Peck W. D. Harrell Wallace C. S. Young Douglas D. Kramer John H. Geiger Florida France Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois

William J. Rogers David L. Brigham Gabriel T. Olga Norbert Schmelkes William J. Clarahan Eugene V. Lindquist Maine Maryland Massachusetts Mexico Michigan Minnasota

William G. McKinley Dr. D. H. Reed Louis E. Drago W. D. Robbins Wm. Stern, N. Dak. Merle F. Brady

New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina (Died Jan. 1, 1964) Ohio

John A. Ryer E. Roy Stone, Jr. Glen R. Green William S. Todd J. Walter Janko William E. Christoffersen Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah

36 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JUNE 1964 Committee of The American Legion

4i Garland D. Murphy, Jr. Emory Sipple Wright Earl D. Franklin Emilio S. Iglesias Harry National Vice Commander National Vice Commander National Vice Commander National Vice Commander National Vice Commander

Francis S. Kaszas Robert Grauberger Joseph G. Leonard Dr. Park W. Huntington Frederick H. Livingstone Canada Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia

Dr. Fred N. Daugherty Ward M. Loftus Sexson E. Humphreys Robert J. Kubat Kenneth Fern Henry Clay Indiana Iowa Italy Kansas Kentucky

Ralph M. Godwin Roy L. Carver Neil Shepherd Edward T. Foster Thomas W. Miller Raymond F. Mudge Missouri Nebraska New Hampshire

Gene Hassman Karl L. Wagner George A. Black, Jr. Walter E. Alessandroni Jose J. deGuzman Gilberto M. Font Oklahoma Oregon Panama Canal Zone Philippines Puerto Rico

0. Gilman H. Stordock C. B. Metz Simon J. Godfrey L. Eldon James Russell I. Grob L. Bickel Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JUNE 1964 37 NEWS

BRIEFLY NOTED played in the development of the Ameri- leges, while the remainder were trained The ultramodern Dallas Memorial Audi- can nation. in institutions below college level, cor- a result, a course in torium will be the site of the business As Americanism respondence schools, and on-the-job and sessions of the 46th National Conven- was introduced in the Bozeman schools on-the-farm training. In comparison, the tion of The American Legion, Sept. 18- —kindergarten through high school. GI Bill for World War 2 veterans educa- 24. The drum and bugle corps contests After two successful years, Legion Post tion found 7.8 million veterans taking got permission to the project will be staged in the Cotton Bowl and the 14 promote advantage of the benefits. The VA lists statewide. all of the P. C. Cobb Stadium. The Cobb Stadium, Now, 128 Legion some 15 million WW2 vets living. Since posts in Montana promote the Ameri- site of the senior drum and bugle corps the first of the readjustment training laws competitions and the Parade of Cham- canism project in the schools. became effective in 1943, veterans of After pions, has a seating capacity of 22,000, two months and over 200 hours WW2 and the Korean War have received of volunteer Legion while the Cotton Bowl seats up to 80,- work by and Auxil- educational and training benefits totaling 000. Both stadiums are centrally located iary members, some 500 mimeographed $1.6 billion through . copies of the Americanism course texts in downtown Dallas. are available. The project has the com- » New Mexico's first American Legion plete endorsement of Montana's Gov. With the appointment of William J. Economy Store has opened in Albu- Tim Babcock and State Sup't of Schools Chisholm, of Denver, Colo., as national querque. It's aim: to help unemployed Harriet Miller. chairman, Nat'l Cmdr Daniel F. Foley vets and raise funds to expand the Le- has announced plans to dramatize again gion's Welfare Program. The store will Maj. Gen. E. B. LeBailly, director of the Legion's dedication to positive be the retail outlet for rummage that has information for the U.S. Air Force, has Americanism by the ringing of Bells for been repaired by unemployed vets at the called upon all Air Force commands to Peace across the nation on July 4. store's warehouse. The storekeeper is Everywhere in the United States, support The American Legion's Boys Ken Ferguson. church bells, school bells, chimes, caril- State Program, by having outstanding lons, and other bells of all sizes and officers and airmen volunteer to serve as Earning priorities in housing accommo- LeBailly kinds will ring a to all citi- counselors. General plans to out reminder dations for the Nat'l American Legion zens of their heritage of freedom and have two Air Force cadets attend the Convention in Dallas (Sept. 18-24) are peace. Legion's Boys Nation program in July the following departments (each is the at College Park, Md. leader in its own number-of-rooms-re- The American Legion has presented quired category) : Foreign: Canada; De- testimony before the House Committee The Legion's Americanism Commission partments requiring 200 or more rooms: on Un-American Activities in support of has won the Freedoms Foundation Dis- Illinois; 150-199 rooms: Ohio; 100-149 H.R. 5368 and H.R. 8320 which would tinguished Service Award for "outstand- rooms: Minnesota; 75-99 rooms: Kan- establish a Freedom Commission and a ing achievement in bringing about a bet- sas; 50-74 rooms: Florida; less than 50 National Freedom Academy. Said Dan- ter understanding of the American way rooms: South Carolina. iel J. O'Connor, chairman of the Le- of life." The Department of Alabama gion's Nat'l Americanism Commission, was awarded the George Washington All 162 students in grades 9 through 12 in part, in testifying: "We believe that, Honor Medal for "outstanding com- at Reeltown H.S., Tallapoosa County, for the most part, our soldiers of free- munity service in the Cotton State dur- 1962-63." Ala., recently prepared and delivered dom, active and potential, are not suffi- ing Eight department win- orations on some phase of the United ciently knowledgeable in the area of po- ners and the national champion of The Nat'l High States Constitution. The effort was stim- litical warfare and all it entails. We have American Legion's 1963 ulated by a teacher, Mrs. Clarene W. too many voices in the wilderness, with- School Oratorical Contest have been Phillips, who used The American Le- out concert of direction, that need orien- granted awards by the Foundation at gion's Nat'l H.S. Oratorical Contest pro- tation such as contemplated in the pre- Valley Forge, Pa. gram as a guide. Said Mrs. Phillips: "The ambles to the two bills." students gained a deep and realistic un- Nearly two of every five living Korean derstanding of the Constitution and also "Great Songs of America" an LP record War veterans have thus far taken ad- learned to outline, compile, memorize, of patriotic and popular songs performed vantage of the Korean GI Bill (estab- and appreciate materials they had always by topflight American artists, is availa- lished through the active support of The considered dull." ble from The Goodyear Tire & Rubber American Legion), according to the lat- Co.'s service stores and dealers. Price: est Veterans Administration statistics. $1, in both monaural and stereo. Playing These vets have completed or are pres- As part of the Legion's 45th Birthday time is approximately one hour for 18 ently enrolled in some form of educa- celebration in Maryland, the Depart- songs. The offer extends only through the tional or readjustment training. Of the ment's Rehabilitation Div. gave to the Fourth of July. 5.6 million living Korean vets, 2,385,100 Baltimore Veterans Administration Hos- have entered the GI Bill schooling pro- pital a complete amateur radio station. When a Bozeman, Mont., public school grams. The modern, single side-band transmit- teacher asked his pupils to write an essay Most of the former GI's—582,000— ter/receiver will tie in with the VA emer- on "What It Means To Be An Ameri- chose education and training in crafts, gency radio network to provide continu- can," the youngsters failed almost with- trade, and industry. Other categories: ing communication in the event of a out exception. Most of them saw Amer- business administration and managerial, storm or disaster. ica as a land of high living standards, 275,000; engineering, 187,000; teaching, The Child Welfare Div. did its cele- modern conveniences, beautiful moun- 141,000; medicine, dentistry, and veteri- brating by voting to donate $1,250 to tains, rivers, schools, colleges, automo- narian, 61,000; and physical and biologi- the Baltimore Crippled Children's biles, and great national wealth. But not cal sciences, 45,000. League for equipment in the League's a single pupil seemed to know what part Of the 2.3 million trained under the new building which is now being con- basic fundamentals of Americanism had Korean GI Bill, 1,207,000 went to col- structed.

38 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JUNE 1964 NEWS

POSTS IN ACTION 53, Hcmet, Calif., largely through the time of his death he was serving his efforts of Lloyd Bancroft, Sr., has, since fourth term as Illinois Secretary of State Two Boy Scouts, members of Legion- 1953, sold over 100 flags at cost to 90 and was seeking the GOP gubernatorial sponsored Scout troops, have been per cent of the town's merchants, in co- nomination. awarded Certificates of Merit by the operation with the city government, Nat'l Court of Honor of the Boy Scouts which drilled and installed the recepta- Maj. Gen. Melvin J. Maas, Marine of America. Terry Auten, 16, Life Scout, cles. Most recent sale was 21 flags to a Corps (Ret.), former Minnesota Con- sponsored by Post 155, Britton, Mich., new shopping center. Total sales from gressman and chairman of the Presi- used mouth-to-mouth resuscitation to August 1952 to date amount to about dent's Committee on Employment of the save the life of a woman who had ap- $3,000. Handicapped. He was the author of parently stopped . Cook County, 111., Legionnaires have "How Not To Help The Blind," in The Alan St. Martin, 16, Explorer Scout, presented to the Nat'l Society for Crip- American Legion Magazine, Sept. 1963. sponsored by Post 168, Southampton, pled Children and Adults a flag and flag- Mass., saved the life of a boy who had pole, erected on the grounds of the So- Dr. Joseph E. Redden, of Massachusetts, been enveloped in flames after dropping ciety in Chicago. Post 51, Buchanan, former department vice cmdr, and a match into an abandoned gas tank. The Mich., presented 16 flags and copies of brother of Harold P. Redden, chairman scout threw the victim to the ground and "Flag Etiquette" to Girl Scout troops in of the Legion's Finance Commission. put out the flames with wet leaves. Then, the area. with the aid of a friend, he took the in- Rev. Joseph O'Callahan, Medal of Hon- jured boy to his home, and then to the PEOPLE IN THE NEWS or winner, of Worcester, Mass., who was hospital. Charles B. Metz, Wyoming's Nat'l Ex- the chaplain aboard the carrier USS ecutive Committeeman, elected president Franklin when it was attacked by Jap- Post 74, Framingham, Mass., has raised of the Sheridan Chamber of Commerce anese Kamikaze pilots. $2,500 for 12-year-old Anthony Cardiff, for 1964-65. who lost his left leg four inches below James P. Murray, of Carbondale, Pa., the knee in a coal company's fire and Past Dep't Cmdr (1945-46). W. C. Daniel , of Danville, Va., Past explosion. Another drive is under way Nat'l of The American Legion for funds for families of three firemen Cmdr Olin F. Jacquot, of Casper, Wyo., for- ( 1 956-57), named a director on the Board killed in the accident. of the Nat'l Bank of Virginia. mer alternate member of the Nat'l Ex- ecutive Committee (1952-54). Post 98, Brewer, '' Maine, has voted to Alfred P. Chamie, of California, mem- award a $200 scholarship to a 1964 grad- ber of the Legion's Finance Commission, Rev. William E. Patrick, of Santa Bar- uate of Brewer H.S. Basis for selection elected vice president and secretary of bara, Calif., Past Nat'l Chaplain of The will be scholastic excellence, extra-cur- the Association of Motion Pictures and American Legion (1925-26). ricular activities, and financial need. Television Producers. Joseph J. Kerrigan, of New York, who Post Stanley, in 134, N.Dak., took stock Preston J. Moore, of Oklahoma, Legion attended the Legion's Paris Caucus of its good deeds recently and found it Past Nat'l Cmdr (1958-59), was elected 1919. had (with the Auxiliary) given about vice chairman of the Conference of Nat'l $75,000 to the community since 1947. Frederick Organizations, which is composed of or- Very Rev. Warren Beekman, The Community Hospital, with over ganizations with a total membership of DD (in Geneva, Switzerland), first chap- $60,000, was the biggest beneficiary, and more than 50 million individuals. plain of American Legion Post 1 in baseball, a retirement home, Boys and Paris. Girls State, child and welfare were other James D. Hill, of Maryland, a member projects high on the benefits list. of the Child Welfare Commission, has NEW POSTS become associated with the firm of Ar- The American Legion has recently char- Post 3, Findlay, Ohio, has donated 55 mour, Herrick, Kneipple and Allen in tered the following new posts: Jim classroom flags to Findlay H.S., the 14th Washington, D.C. Gresham Post 784, Los Angeles, Calif., school the post has so served in three John F. Kennedy Post 123, Lomas years. In recent weeks, the post has also George R. Dowdell, of Pennsylvania, a Verdes, Puerto Rico; Thomas-Davis- presented an 8-by- 12-foot flag to the former Air Force public information Hobdy Post 313, Ozark, Ala.; Salem Post Hancock County Home and a 4-by-6 officer, and recently on the editorial staff 163, Salem, S.C.; The Reservist Post flag to a local church. Post 144, Colum- of the Courier-Post of Camden, N.J., 124, San Juan, Puerto Rico; Palm Desert bus, Ohio, gave an outdoor flag at the appointed to the Nat'l Public Relations Post 698, Palm Desert, Calif.; Washing- recent dedication of the Lincoln Park Div. of The American Legion in Indi- ton Terrace Post 142, Washington Ter- district police station. Post 216, Corona, anapolis, Ind. race, Utah; Tamaroa Post 1277, Tama-

Calif., organized a flag raising ceremony roa, 111.; and Lt. Robert S. Olmsted Post recently at St. Edward's Catholic School, 7, Olmsted AFB, Pa. attended by representatives of Post 328 Hoyt C. Brown, of Macon, Ga., a mem- Also, Mayberry Post 186. Marvel, and those of over 50 other local organi- ber of the Nat'l Executive Committee Ala.; Rocky Boy Post 132, Rocky Boy zations. in 1941-43. Indian Reservation, Mont.; Paul Dewitt Also, Essex (N.J.) Women's Post 406 Post 113, Pendleton, S.C.; Rosemary presented a flag for every classroom in Burgin Pennell, of Asheville, N.C., Past Post 248, Andrews, S.C.; J.F.K. Me- the Myrtle Ave. Jr. H.S. in Irvington, Dep't Cmdr (1938-39). morial Post 900, Pittsburgh, Pa.; Wilmer N.J. Post 380, Dravosburg, Pa., sold Teague Post 341, Sylacauga, Ala.; Dod- 450 flags in a February project, achiev- Charles F. Carpentier, of Illinois, a mem- son Post 535, Dodson, Texas; Tri-City ing over 30 per cent of its goal in the ber of the Legion's Distinguished Guests Post 510, Duncanville, Texas; and Blue town: "A flag in every door in '64." Post Committee from 1953 to 1963. At the River Post 175, Breckenridge, Colo. THE AM ERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JUNE 1964 39 NEWS

American Legion Life Insurance 359th Eng, Co B— (Aug.) Raymond E. Taylor, Frank Finley and Sewell White and Herbert Month ending April 20, 1964 710 Marietta St.. Leesburg, Fla. 32748. D. Wood (all 1963), Post 43. Belfast. Maine. 476th AAA AW Bn— (Aug.) J. C. Perry, 12- John R. King and John G. Kopp and William 21st St. Ct, N.W., Benefits paid Jan. 1-Apr. 20 164,875 Birmingham 15, Ala. Laposhinsky and Thomas H. Leary (all 1961), $ 505th Parachute Post Benefits paid since Apr. 1958 1,600,636 Inf Reg't— (July) Don Lassen, 27, Cambridge. Mass. P.O. Insurance in force (dollars) 229,100.000 Box 201. Miami 44, Fla. Dr. Thomas F. Corriden and William E. Dunn Basic units in force (number) 101,102 506th Eng Light Pontoon Co— (June) Lee Gor- and Charles R. Edwards and Paul F. Field (all don, 1768 Mill St., Mich. 1963) , Post 28, Northampton, New applications since Jan. 1 8,442 Lincoln Park, Mass. New applications rejected 538 524th MP Bn— (Aug.) Frank Passic, 900 S. Patrick J. McMahon (1944) and Arthur S. Hall, Sr. (1951) American Legion Life Insurance is an official Eaton, Albion, Mich. and Clifton A. McCrillis (1954), Post program of The American Legion, adopted by 533rd AAA Bn— (June) Leston Tanner, 315 W. 64, Middleboro, Mass. Francis the Nat'l Executive Committee, 1958. It is 11th St., Crane. Texas. W. Grenache and Arthur J. Morel reducing term insurance, issued on application, 542nd Hvy Ord, Field Army Maint Co— (Aug.) (both 1963), Post 100, Hudson. Mass. subject to approval based on health and em- Maurice E. Kent, 710 E. Richardson St., Jerome F. Crowley (1963), Post 144, Scituate, ployment statement to paid up members of Farmer City, 111. Mass. The American Legion. Death benefits range 556th AAA, AW Bn— (July) Tony Fiorilli, 103 Harold F. Adshead and Joseph G. Andrade from $8,000 (double unit up to age 35) in re- 19th St., Wheeling, W. Va. and Walter W. Atkinson and Walter Baty (all ducing steps with age to termination of in- 566th QM Railhead Co— (Aug.) Charles H. 1964) , Post 166, Fairhaven, Mass. Emile surance at end of year in which 70th birthday Kuemerle. Rt. 2, Dundee. Ohio. 44624. J. Aussant (1960) and Alfred J. Heroux occurs. Available in single and double units at 703rd Rwy, Hq, Grand Div— (Aug.) Marv (1962), Post 343, Northbridge, Mass. flat rate of $12 or $24 a year on a calendar Vollrath, 217 E. Cedar St.. Glenwood, Minn. Erwin W. Shamp (1963), Post 310, Minneapolis, year basis, pro-rated during first year at $1 743rd Rwy Oper Bn, Co C— (June) Kermit G. Minn. or $2 a month for insurance approved after Calhoun, 206 Claiborne St.. Pineville. La. Irving Schwed and Edward W. Smith and Abram W. Ten Eyck (all 12, Jan. 1. Underwritten by two commercial life 830th Eng (Aviation) Bn— (Aug.) James G. 1963), Post Somer- ville, N.J. insurance companies. American Legion insur- Scott. 341 Northridge Rd., Circleville, Ohio. ance trust fund managed by trustee operating 904th Field Art'y Bn— (July) William Bohlman. Jacob A. Haulenbeek and August Lauer and Arthur Wallis (all 1963), Post under laws of Missouri. No other insurance may 166-39 20th Rd., Whitestone 57, N. Y. 65. Metuchen, N.J. Milton use the full words "American Legion." Ad- 947th Field Art'y Bn— (See 181st Field Arty E. Besthoff and Arthur Brokenbrow ministered by The American Legion Insurance Bn). (both 1963), Post 48, Brooklyn. N.Y. 111. Frank Karsten and Walter L. Department, P.O. Box 5609, Chicago. 60680, 970th Eng Maint Co— (July) E. E. Smith, Box W. Rumbold (both 1963). Post 264, N.Y. to which write for more details. 23176 Point Sta.. Columbus, Ohio 43223. Tonawanda. Frank Sabatine and Vincent Sorenson (both 1338th Eng Gp (See 337th Eng Reg't). 1963), Post 435, Waterloo. N.Y. 1620th MP (July) Sam Genenbacher, Rock — Earl Boyd (1963), Post 800, Groton, N.Y. View Motel, Quincy, 111. 62301. Frank Legnard Michael Tornsello (both 3820th QM Gas Co— (Aug.) Daniel A. Sharp, and OUTFIT REUNIONS Shelbina, Mo. 1961) and Frank Hart (1963), Post 927, Green Island. N.Y. Reunion will be held in month indicated. For Warren Kelly (1964), Post 1197, New York, particulars, write person whose address is NAVY N.Y. given. James Barone and James Libonati (both 4th Marine Div (June) Joseph J. McCarthy, Notices accepted on official form only. For — 1963), Post 1212. New York, N.Y. 3130 Lake Shore Dr., Chicago 14, 111. form send stamped, addressed return envelope Henry C. Groven (1964). Post 41. Grafton. 25th (Att. to 3rd Marine Div) — (Aug.) to O. R. Form, Legion Magazine, N. Dak. American Don Blake, Box 784, Winona, Minn. 55987. Lloyd B. Secrest and Harold Seeman and 720 Fifth Ave., New York. N.Y. 10019. Notices 118th Seabees— (July) John L. Johnson, 718 N. George Stoner (all 1963), Post 243, Galion, Ohio. should be received at least four months before 16th Ave.. Melrose Park, 111. Patsy Melillo and James Mullen (both 1963), scheduled reunion. No written letter necessary F Assoc (Navy, CG, Marine Corps Firefighters) Post 247, Lowellville, Ohio. to get form. — (July) F. H. Thornton, 4941 Lapeer Rd., A. Albin and J. B. Bell, Jr. (both 1963), Port Huron, Mich. James Earliest submission favored when volume of Post 273, Laverne, Okla. USS The Sullivans (DD537, (Aug.) requests is too great to print all. WW2)— Robert G. Burlingame and Frank B. Ritchey Robert R. Sander, 325 Thatcher Ave., River (both 1963), Post 24, Milton-Freewater, Oreg. Forest, 111. Stuart C. Button (1963), Post86, Susquehanna, (Aug.) Obertots, 1190 ARMY Women Marines— Ann Pa. Gahan Dr., Florissant, Mo. 1st Inf Reg't, Co H— (Aug.) Wm. Corteville, Raphael Seidel (1963) and Daniel D. Carey 13122—8th St., Grandview, Mo. (1964), Post 228, Altoona, Pa. 4th Morrisville, Base Post Office— (Aug.) Bernard N. Bailey, AIR Stewart Lord, Jr. ( 1963), Post 433. Back Creek Rd.. Hamburg, N.Y. 14075. Pa. 4th Cav (Aug.) Mike Loberg, Annandale, 1st Pursuit Gp, 27th Aero Sqdn (WW1)— (July) James Clarence Sadler and John A. Suttner, — F. Durant. 1237 Versailles Minn. Ray Ave., Alameda, Jr. (both 1964), Post 725, Pittsburgh, Pa. Calif. 94501. 4th Inf Div— (Aug.) Rubin Snitkin, 1522 Fal- Gilbert T. Rodman and Elmer R. Sherman and 22nd Bomb (July) Walter Gaylor, 650-2 lowfield Ave.. Pittsburgh 16, Pa. Gp— Harold H. Slothower and Lillian Smith (all Newark Ave., Elizabeth, N. J. 7th Arm'd Div— (Aug.) Irving Osias. 147-28 1963), Post 12, North Kingstown, R.I. 39th Field (Aug.) 72nd Rd.. Flushing, N.Y. 11367. Hosp— George C. Ogborn, Walter A. La Fountain (1963). Post 34, Shan- 18015 Arcadia Ave., Lansing, 111. 11th Airborne Div, 472nd Field Arty Bn— nock, R.I. 90th Bomb Gp, 319th Sqdn, Ord Se«— (June) (1963), Post 129, Waubay, (July) Taylor Young, 1127 Karl St., Du- Harry O. Brady quesne, Pa. James R. Hall. 175 N. Park Dr., Canton, 111. S. Dak. 92nd Angelo. 13th Arm'd Div, 93rd Cav Recon Sqdn (Mech), Bomb Gp, 407th Bomb Sqdn (England, Arthur Sitas (1964), Post 572, San (Aug.) Milton Troop C— (June) Phillip Ayers, 202 Austin WW2)— M. Stewart, P.O. Box Tex. 2233. Manatee Sta.. Bradenton, Fla. John S. Milburn (1963), Post 11, Vernal, Utah. Ave., Effingham, 111. 97th Bomb Gp, 414th (Aug.) Joe Gilbert E. Fetterly (1964). Post79,Snoqualmie, 15th Evac Hosp (WW2) (Aug.) Russell W. Bomb Sqdn— — H. Simpson, Jr., Whitmire. S. C. Wash. Clark, Hayes & Conestoga Aves., Lancaster, (1963), Post 84, Monroe, Pa. 464th Gp, 778th Bomb Sqdn— (Aug.) H Robert George D. Grant Anderson. 4321 Miller Ave.. Erie, Pa. Wis. 50th Eng, Co A.— (Aug.) Jack G. Ellingford, 1429 first West, Kemmerer, Wyo. 83101. Life Memberships are accepted for publica- 63rd Inf Reg't, Co E— (July) Grover C. Karr, tion only on an official form, which we provide. P.O. Box 181. Clinton, Tenn. received only from Commander, Ad- 64th Chem Depot Co (Aug.) Donald E Downs, Reports — LIFE MEMBERSHIPS Officer of Post which awarded 814 Pearson Dr., Joliet, 111. jutant or Finance 66th Sig Bn, Co C— (Aug.) John Stadelman, The award of a life membership to a Legion- the lite membership. 2609 N. St. Anthony Dr., Jackson, Mich. naire by his Post is a testimonial by those who They may get form by sending stamped, self- 68th Reg't Coast Art'y Corps— (Aug.) G. Fred know him best that he has served The Ameri- addressed return envelope to: Smith. 223 Kentucky, Danville, 111. can Legion well. "L.M. Form, American Legion Magazine, 720 70th Inf Div— (Aug.) Clinton Kruse, P.O. Box Below are listed some of the previously un- 5th Ave., New York, N. Y." 10019. 914, City, Dodge Kans. published life membership Post awards that On a corner of the return envelope write the 94th Sig Bn, Co (July) C— Edward E. Mc- have been reported to the editors. They are number of names you wish to report. No written Donald. 19 Scenic View Dr., Ft. Thomas, Ky. 41075. arranged by States or Departments. letter necessary to get forms.

102nd Inf Reg't (WW1)— ( Junel A. Allen John- Arnold O. Aamodt and James L. Jackson son, 636 Ellsworth Ave., New Haven, Conn. (both 1963). Post 459. Huntington Park. Calif. 103rd Gen Hosp.— (Aug.) Dorothy O. Klick, Buell I. Chapman (1964), 14, R.N., Box Post Rockville, 426, Long Prairie, Minn. 56347. Conn. COMRADE IN DISTRESS 181st, 947th Field Art'y Bns— (Aug.) Louis E. James Kee (1964), Post 66, Washington, D C. Albright, 713 Liberty St., Ripon, Wis. 54971. Randolph H. Thompson (1963), Post Syl- 257th Field 116, Readers who can help this comrade are Art'y Bn, Service Bat— (Aug.) vania, Ga. Rosell urged to do so. L. Leister, 158 Lawn Ave.. Sellersville, John A. Herbeck and William Kilenski and Pa. 18960. Notices are run at the request of The Ameri- Hans P. Pederson (all 1963), Post 348, Chicago. can Legion Nat'l Rehabilitation Commission. 266th Field Art'y Bn— (July) Gus Seftas, 32 111. are accepted from other sources. Petrak St., Charleroi, Pa. They not 15022. Harry H. Wood (1963). Post 607, Mackinaw, Readers wanting Legion help with claims 311th Field Art'y, Bat D (WW1)- (Aug.) Phil 111. should contact their local service officers. Cusick, Box 42, Drums, Pa. Welda H. Laurent (1959) and Charles P. Mos- Service officers unable to locate needed 314th Inf Reg't (WW2) (July) Philip Polizotto, — kop (1960) and Harry Doiron (1962). Post 622. witnesses for claims development should refer 745 E. 223rd St., Bronx 66, N.Y. Prairie du Rocher, 111. the matter to the Nat'l Rehabilitation Commis- 329th Inf, Co G— (Aug.) Leon G. Burson. Milton William O'Neill and Willard Thomas, Sr. sion channels, for further Center, Ohio 43541. through normal (both 1958) and Robert Kimmel (1962), Post 64, search before referral to this column. 337th Eng Reg't & 1338th Eng Gp— (Aug.) Wal- Indianapolis. Ind. ter L. Medding, 6010 Dinwiddie St., Spring- Ross Chrisman and Stephen A. Kollar (both USS Des Moines, USS Newport News (Jan. field. Va. 22150. 1963). Post 284. South Bend, Ind. 1956) —Need to contact personnel from these 338th Eng, Gen Service Reg't— (Aug.) Kermit Harold L. Marshall and Walter E. Merrill and ships to help veteran establish service con- V. Rouhier. 9322 Mayhew Rd., Fort Wayne, Hal A. Pratt and Jesse R. Saville (all 1961), nection claim. Write: Richard J. Despain, Ind. 46805. Post 219, Blue Rapids. Kans. RR #3. Kewanee, III. 61443. 40 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JUNE 1964 A LOOK AT DALLAS, TEXAS (Continued from page 25) A LOT MORE OIL

when you stop by. Good German food membership is available to transients in is found at Rheinischerhof. with im- numerous private cocktail lounges. Near- CHEEP ported German brew on tap. Probably ly all the better hotels and motels have CHEEP the best seafood spot is Zuider Zee, them—such as the Cabana's Nero's whieh serves giant crabs and brings fresh Nook, which I have reported that I Maine lobsters and half-shell oysters in joined by showing my Cabana room key. by air every day. Many of the better restaurants also As for barnyard eating, Lucas' B&B have "private club" cocktail lounges Restaurant offers a down-on-the-farm with membership available to transients, cuisine of fresh eggs, rich milk, good such as Town and Country Restaurant's meat and sweet vegetables and a coffee Marquis Club. And there are such clubs shop that never closes; while three operating independently, such as the Club Youngbloods Restaurants all specialize Montmartre between the Baker and Stat- in chicken dinners raised from the egg ler Hilton hotels; the Haunted House, to your plate by Youngbloods. Mean- rigged up like a Chas Addams night- while, restaurants in the better hotels are mare as a spoof; the Skyknight Club, the of one piece or more so with what we've Music Box, etc. been talking about along the avenues. Private clubs at hotels include the Kings Club at the Adolphus; the Court pattern of social life in The evening Club at the Statler Hilton; the London Dallas is molded by the Texas liquor Club at the Sheraton-Dallas. Those at laws. There are no bars open to the gen- motels also include the Black Garter at eral public in Texas, but restaurants, the Executive Inn. the Jet Stream at the lounges, clubs may serve wines, cham- Ramada Inn, and the Sirloin and Saddle pagne and beer at tables to the general at the Marriott. Virtually all of these I » CLEANS m LUBRICATES public (not mixed drinks). rate from "good" to "high class" to • PRESERVES In addition, Dallas abounds in "sup- "sumptuous." per clubs," and restaurants which are A transient usually can join the club GETS THE SQUEAK open to the public, which and may serve at his own hotel or motel free, on a daily the if the WITH HIS BEAK "mixings" customers bring their reissue basis, by applying as a guest. own liquor. So it's a common sight to Transient membership in others runs see Texans heading out for a social eve- from nothing to $3 for four days or so, tilt the spout... it can't leak out ning in style with paper bags under their with $1 the most common membership arms holding bottles legally purchased fee. A member can bring his own guests. at any the of numerous "package stores." Early Legion convention plans antici- Arriving at a public supper club, such pate making transient memberships in the EARN beoTAX CONSULTANT as Empire Room of the Statler Hil- many of them available at or near the Our students earn lucrative fees in 3 ton, the customer puts his bottle on the income convention registration booths. I would MORE month busy tax season preparing tax returns in spare time—and operate table, orders the set-ups and mixes his stress that the places I'm talking about profitable Business Tax Service yielding steady monthly fees of $10-$50 per client, year round. own cocktails at the table, while enjoying are not deep, dark dens of iniquity, Enjoy professional standing in dignified full or part time home-office business. No experience necessary. the live entertainment, dancing, genteel which the stories in the press of Jack We train you at home and help you start. Write atmosphere, and dinner in style. today for free literature. No agent will call. Licensed Ruby's place may have summoned up. by N. Y. Education Dept. National Tax Training School, Monsey N- 17, N. Y. Places like the Empire Room come They are quality establishments for pleas- under the heading of public supper clubs, ant socializing of convivial people. I and there are quite a few of them at- went to no joints or burlesque houses, tached to hotels and motels which book nor did any thrust their presence on me. DON'T MISS AN good entertainment such as the — Cen- All night spots have to close at mid- tury Room at the Adolphus Hotel and night, except 1 a.m. Sunday morning. the Mayfair Room at the Executive Inn Package stores in Dallas are open 9 a.m. OPPORTUNITY! motor hotel. Others, such as Chez La to 10 p.m. except Sundays, when they

Combe on Lemmon Ave., are independ- are closed. Beer is not sold on Sunday ent of hotels. before 1 p.m. Texas law does permit the serving of mixed drinks in private clubs, and Dallas Before going into many things that abounds in private clubs, which, except Dallas offers in the way of sightsee- for the membership requirement, are ing, a little city history will make it clear- identical with the better public cocktail er why a business city on the northeast lounges and night clubs, with or without Texas cotton plain offers hospitality on a food, in most large cities. Some of these par with the top resort spots in the land. clubs are private private clubs, open Dallas is a self-made city, one of the Save regularly with only to a restricted membership on an best managed in the country. There was annual basis or to guests of regular mem- originally very little reason for its exist- U.S. SAVINGS BONDS bers. Such a one, where I was an awed ence as anything but a moderate-sized guest, is the magnificent Chaparral Club local trading center, and it could well on the 36th floor of the Southland Cen- have developed into a strictly local "cow- Now paying ter. It 3 was another of the sumptuous, ex- town" where strangers would feel ill at to maturity travagant, richly-appointed places. But ease. But decades ago ambitious and en- 3 /4% THE AM ERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JUNE 1964 41 —

A LOOK AT DALLAS, TEXAS for it, and on them established museums, suffering national convention director, (Continued from page 41) an aquarium, a marvelous Texas Hall of who moves his family to a different city State, the Cotton Bowl, zoological gar- every year to set up the national con- terprising town fathers set out to make it dens, a music hall, and other cultural vention, told me he was getting top co- white-collar trading and financial cen- a and exhibit centers for all-year-around operation from the leading citizens of ter. They correctly understood that they use. When the "freeway concept" came Dallas in setting up this convention. I sat would have to attract outsiders. Unlike in, Dallas was again in the fore, with free- in on a meeting of the Convention Cor- many cities which seek to impress out- ways and expressways pouring into the poration — whose president is Alvin siders with mere claims, they also cor- midtown area somewhat like the spokes Owsley, a Dallasite who was National rectly understood that they would really of a wheel, and a peripheral belt high- Commander in 1922-23; whose chair- attract outsiders by really pleasing them. way system (not an expressway) circling man is Ben H. Wooten. board chairman the town. On the Dallas-Fort Worth of the Dallas Federal Savings and Loan business, not tour- Dallas was after Freeway, about midway between the two Ass'n; and whose other members make ists, and its leaders divined that its cities (which are a little over 30 miles up a goodly chunk of Dallas' leading citi- attractions would have to be so real as to apart) is the new Six Flags Over Texas, zens and businessmen. be permanently pleasing. When other a so-called amusement park which de- The meeting was with the military, to Texas towns in the vicinity were rejecting serves a better name—as it is really a sort plan participation of the Armed Forces railroads because trains in those days of Disneyland of the history of the in the Legion's big parade on Monday. were noisy and smoky. Dallas persuaded Southwest, based on the six different cul- Sept. 21. It was cooperation with a cap- the railroads to go out of their way a bit tures that have ruled over Texas: Spain, ital C. The parade will go right down the to run through its premises. In nothing France, Mexico, Republic of Texas, busiest part of Main Street, than which flat it became a transportation hub and a Confederate States and United States. there is no mainer. None of this shunt- natural trade mart ("natural" only after It's a "class" place to take the family, ing it around side streets. The military the rails went through, unnatural before and not the honkey-tonk that "amuse- will shoot the works to make its part of then). The same foresight that the city ment park" suggests. You pay one ad- the parade a whopper. used to become a transport center it ap- mission price at the gate and nothing plied to almost every other aspect of lur- more, except for what you eat or drink, idea that the whole city of Dallas ing investments and people from else- The to explore its acres of reconstructed should become a national villain after where. Incidental among these was a Southwest history and culture, with rides the events of last Nov. 22—and espe- drive to attract business conventions on land and water to move you along, cially that the Legion should punish it which meant not only making it profita- local college students from Southern by pulling its convention out— is a bit ble for businesses to move to Dallas, but and Methodist University and other seats of of self-righteousness that has already also making its personal accommoda- to greet been answered effectively by two well tions for business executives so pleasing higher learning and guide you. photos of the Memorial Audito- qualified people, as well as by my friend, that they would come and look at the city The with this article should give readers the adventurous journalist Charley in the first place, and go away liking it. rium an idea of the accommodations for the Wiley. Charley said if that's what we The results from the start were fan- business should do. then we'd better blow Wash- tastic. Every 20 years since 1880 Dallas Legion convention meetings. Carter, assistant Auditorium Di- ington, D. C, off the map for the assassi- has at least doubled in size, more than Jim nations of Lincoln and Garfield and the once tripling or quadrupling in two dec- rector, took me all through the hall, and the ex- attempts on the lives of Truman and ades. It is already a city of modern sky- the side meeting rooms, and big Andy Jackson there, and throw Buffalo, scrapers with good clean air between hibit hall downstairs, and the theater Y., under Niagara Falls for the shoot- them, and new modern towers are pres- where the Legion's memorial services N. ing of McKinley there. Charley disap- ently springing up all over town, to a will be held, and even up to the overhead proved any of these procedures. maximum of 50 stories. It is a smokeless catwalks where all the ropes and wires Legion National Commander Daniel city—burning natural gas chiefly. It has and stuff are. It was like the hotels and F. Foley (of Minnesota) said he virtually no heavy industry and is es- motels and clubs in its sparkling mod- sentially an insurance, banking, finan- ernity and don't-spare-the-horses equip- wouldn't consider leveling guilt-by-asso- at the city, and the cial, sales, shopping and educational page. Air-conditioned, bright, with up- ciation charges whole would stay in Dallas. Then center. Texas is a '"southwestern" state, holstered seats, the auditorium can pack convention Robert Gladwin, Commander of the late and Dallas is more in the South than the in more than 10,000 people—and can President Kennedy's American Legion Southwest. But it is a cosmopolitan city, hold the 3,000 Legion delegates on the that it wasn't filled chiefly with the hustle and bustle main floor without putting a soul in the Post 281 in Boston, said of people from South, West, East and plush arena and balcony seats—though like President Kennedy and isn't like the they are North who are enterprising, ambitious I don't say that that's how it'll be done. Legion to kick people when down. "Now is the time," Gladwin told and sophisticated—not to mention hos- I sat in some of the arena and balcony "for all pitable. With Dallas' background, no- seats and they were mighty comfortable. the Boston press last Dec. 11, Legionnaires to come to the aid of their body is made to feel like a stranger. It Jim turned the normal lights on for me,

. . . every- has been in the vanguard of everything and I shot elegant black-and-white trial comrades in Dallas and do to the 1964 conven- that is modern. When air-conditioning photos on the convention floor, without thing we can make tribute to President Ken- was a novelty over much of the country, flash, setting my camera at f4 at 1 /50th, tion a fitting Dallas' public accommodations and using Tri-X film rated at ASA 1200 for nedy." Gladwin, who is general counsel Hospital, offices were already nearly totally air- normal development in Acufine. Legion for the Massachusetts General best that by giving conditioned. Dallas is "culture-con- camera bugs take note. added: "We can do full support to our new commander-in- scious"; when it decided to have a civic The parking lot can hold about eleven chief, B. Johnson, and our con- theater it got Frank Lloyd Wright to de- hundred cars, and the Memorial Audi- Lyndon tinued support to his home state." sign it—the only theater he ever de- torium, as I recall, is exactly two blocks just signed. When Texas decided it would (maybe IVi ) from the Adolphus Hotel, But you don't need to go to Dallas have a permanent state fair grounds, which is just about midtown on Com- to be fair to a badly wounded city. As Dallas bulled its way to the fore, outbid merce Street—one of the three parallel George Cornelius, Jr., said, you can have all others for the state fair, built grounds main drags. Bill Miller, the Legion's long a ball in Dallas. the end

42 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • J NE 1964 GEN. DOUGLAS MACARTHUR'S FAREWELL (Continued from page 21)

epoch in the long story of mankind. In grown too low, by taxes grown too high, the five or more billions of years the by extremists grown too violent; whether

scientists tell us it has taken to form the our personal liberties are as thorough earth, in the three or more billion years and complete as they should be. Afflicted With Getting Up Nights, of development of the human race, there These great national problems are not Pains in Back, Hips, Legs, has never been a more abrupt or stagger- for your professional participation or Nervousness, Tiredness. ing evolution. military . Your guidepost stands If you are a victim of the above symp- We deal now, not with things of this out like a tenfold beacon in the night: toms, Che trouble may be due to Glandu- lar Inflammation. Glandular Inflamma- world alone, but with the illimitable dis- Duty, honor, country. tion very commonly occurs in men of tances and as yet unfathomed You are the leaven which binds to- mysteries middle age or past and is often accom- of the universe. We are reaching out for gether the entire fabric of our national panied by despondency, emotional upset a new and boundless frontier. We speak system of defense. From your ranks and other mental and nervous reactions

. . . often signs that the glands are not in strange terms of harnessing the cosmic come the great captains who hold the functioning properly. energy, of making Nation's destiny in their hands the mo- winds and tides work Neglect of such conditions or a false for us, of creating unheard-of synthetic ment the war tocsin sounds. conception of adequate treatments may materials to supplement or even replace The long, gray line has never failed cause men to grow old before their time

. . . loss of vigor and possibly lead to our old standard basics; to purify sea us. Were you to do so, a million ghosts incurable conditions. water for our drink; of mining ocean in olive drab, in brown khaki, in blue and floors for new fields of wealth and food; gray, would rise from their white crosses, NON-SUWCAL TREATMENTS of disease preventatives to expand life thundering those magic words: Duty, into the hundred of years; of controlling honor, country. Most men, if treatment is taken in time, can be successfully NON-SURGI- the weather for a more equitable This does not mean that you are war- distri- CALLY treated for Glandular Inflam- bution of heat and cold, of rain and mongers. On the contrary, the soldier mation. If the condition is aggravated shine; of spaceships to the moon; of the above all other people prays for peace, by lack of treatment, painful and ex- primary target in war, no longer limited for he must suffer and bear the deepest pensive surgery may be the only chance. Through intensive research, a new re- to the armed forces of an enemy, but wounds and scars of war. But always in sultful Non-Surgical treatment method instead to include his civil populations; our ears ring the ominous words of for Glandular inflammation has been of ultimate conflict between a united hu- Plato, that wisest of all philosophers: perfected by the Excelsior Medical man race and the sinister forces of some "Only the dead have seen the end of Clinic. The mild Non-Surgical Method has proven so successful it is backed by other planetary galaxy; of such dreams war." a Lifetime Certificate of Assurance. and fantasies as to make life the most ex- The shadows are lengthening for me. Men from over 1,000 communities in citing of all times. The twilight is here. My days of old have all parts of the country, have been suc- cessfully And through all this welter of change vanished—tone and tint. They have gone Non-Surgically treated. They found soothing and comforting relief and development your mission remains glimmering through the dreams of things and better Health. fixed, determined, inviolable. It is to win that were. Their memory is one of won- our wars. Everything else in your profes- drous beauty, watered by tears and RECTAL-COLON REDUCIBLE sional career is but corollary to this vital coaxed and caressed by the smiles of yes- DISORDERS HERNIA dedication. All other public purposes, all terday. I listen vainly, but with thirsty Are often associated with is also amenable to a mild Glandular Inflammation. Non-Surgical treatment. other public projects, all other public ear, for the witching melody of faint Either or both of these disorders may be treated needs, great or small, will find others for bugles blowing reveille, of far drums at the same time you are receiving Glandular their accomplishment; but you are the beating the long roll. Inflammation treatments. ones who are trained to fight. In my dreams I hear again the crash of guns, the rattle of musketry, the strange Fours is the profession of arms, the mournful mutter of the battlefield. But will to win, the sure knowledge that in the evening of my memory always I in war there is no substitute for victory, come back to West Point. Always there that if you lose, the Nation will be de- echoes and re-echoes: Duty, honor, stroyed, that the very obsession of your country. Our New FREE Book is fully illustrated and deals with public service must be duty, honor, Today marks my final roll call with diseases peculiar to men and women. Cives excellent fac- country. you. But I want you to know that when tual knowledge and could Others will debate the controversial I cross the river, my last conscious is- m#TM€NT prove of utmost importance sues, national and international, which thoughts will be of the corps, and the to your future life. Tells How and Why new modern divide men's minds. But serene, calm, corps, and the corps. Non-Surgical Treatment methods are proving so suc- aloof, you stand as the Nation's war / bid you farewell. cessful. It is to your best guardian, as its lifeguard from the raging interest to write for a FREE copy today. tides of international conflict, as its gladi- COMING—JULY ISSUE EXCELSIOR FILL OUT THIS ator in the arena of battle. For a century The Ordeal of Leonard Wood: MEDICAL CLINIC COUPON TODAY and a half you have defended, guarded, The story of the heroic effort of an Dept. B1150 and protected its hallowed traditions of American doctor-general to make a de- Excelsior Springs, Mo. liberty and freedom, of right mocracy of Cuba. By Clarence Wood- and justice. Centlemen: Kindly send me at once, your bury Let civilian voices argue the merits or New FREE Book. I am interested in full in- formation (Please Check Box) demerits of our processes of govern- Our Own Japanese in The Hernia Rectal-Colon Clandular ment: Whether our strength is being Pacific War: Inflammation sapped by deficit financing indulged in The little known story of the service of NAME- too long, by Federal paternalism a special corps of Japanese Americans grown ADDRESS- in the Pacific in By Bill too mighty, by power groups grown too WW2. Hoso- kawa. TOWN arrogant, by politics grown too corrupt, Other News, Views, Pix. by crime grown too rampant, by morals STATE

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JUNE 1964 43 —

WE SHOT D-DAY ON OMAHA BEACH (Continued from page 19)

"As I think back on it now, I doubt if impressive. They went in first, not to ever they could. Once they got ashore

I saw—really saw—more than 1 2 of our fight, but to photograph. They went with they just started photographing our men at one time. Looking back, 1 saw the the troops. They were with the first ones troops in different groups rushing to their Texas and the heavy cruisers still firing. ashore. They filmed some wonderful assigned places. Not that they rushed

At the end of that day when I listened material. Fortunately, most of them wildly, they rushed with a definite pur-

to the TBS, the only battlewagon I lis- came through well. There were a few pose. After they got ashore, they made

tened to was the Texas, but the others casualties. I lost some men. It is a co- for a certain objective. There was no probably had records just as good. It's incidence that one of the cameramen or running around. I've often won- amazing how accurate they were, and who works for me today—his name is dered why they didn't run faster. Prob- how effective the observers were on Archie Stout—had a son in my outfit. ably they weighed too much with all shore. They were Navy radiomen and He was one of the two photographers their equipment on. They hurried, but they pinpointed just about everything. who rode ashore on a Phoenix concrete there was no frantic dash, just a steady •"Omaha Beach had cliffs that had to breakwater. He rode his Phoenix all the dogtrot. be climbed straight up from the edge of way over from England photographing the sand. The plan was for the Rangers everything in sight. He did a fine job "T remember meeting Col. Red to up the Germans on top at the riding that big box. He got a Silver Star mop J. Reeder on the beach. I knew him fringe of the cliffs. Those Rangers for it. Later, he was to be flown back to well and I met him a long time later when his a swarmed up ropes. Somehow they got up England to sign papers for com- I went to West Point to do a picture. The

I really certainly qualified those cliffs. I was there, but don't mission for which he Long Gray Line. On D-Day, Red was sit- it. I think they shot in every way. his way, even before know how they did On ting with one leg smashed so badly it had the ropes with grapnels upward with he'd left France, a lone German fighter to be amputated. 'Got any orange juice?' guns. I told later that of nowhere and shot special rocket was popped out him he asked me. I said, 'Orange juice! What the ropes got soaked in the rough seas down. He's buried there in a cemetery the hell would I be doing carrying orange in stiff rockets the landing was. coming and were so some where That cemetery juice? How- about a shot of brandy?' We couldn't shoot them to the top, and the was a new one and Stout's was one of the had been issued little bottles of brandy Germans leaned out and dropped gre- first graves there. I've been back to it in case anybody needed it. Doggedly he nades on the attackers as they shinnied several times to leave flowers. said, 'No, I want orange juice.' I said. up the rope. I only remember that "I think it's amazing that I lost no Colonel, I'm afraid that's something I vaguely as a part of all that went on more, when you consider how much some can't get you, but I can help you get back around me. I was busy concentrating on of them were exposed to fire, although I to our ship which is close in. Once there my immediate job, and looking after my wouldn't let them stand up. I made them you can get some aid.' He said, 'No, I unit. lie behind cover to do their photograph- just want some orange juice.' Red and I "How would I describe my job?" John ing. Nevertheless, they didn't have arms, had a laugh about that long afterward Ford said, when I asked him. "Unoffi- just cameras, and to me, facing the at West Point. In a moment of crisis, cially, I was in charge of cinemaphotog- enemy defenseless takes a special kind of people get funny fixations. I asked him, raphy, but in all honesty I was really bravery. When a man is armed with a didn't take that brandy?' more or less a logistic officer. It was up gun he's probably much braver than if 'Why you He to me to see that everybody who should he doesn't have one. said, i don't know. It's the first time in life I ever refused a drink of hard have a camera had one. I take my hat "In action, I didn't tell my boys where my off to my Coast Guard kids. They were to aim their cameras. They took what- liquor. All of a sudden I was pure. As a matter of fact, I don't even like orange juice.' He was in shock, and as I've said, they had to cut off his leg in an emer- gency operation. "The film my men took was processed in London, in both color and black-and-

white. Most of it was in Kodachrome. It was transferred to black-and-white for release in the news weeklies in movie

theaters. All of it still exists today in color in storage in Anacostia near Wash- ington, D.C. My cutting unit was in Lon- don, too. They worked 24-hour watches, picking out the best part of the film that

had been shot. I'm sure it was the biggest cutting job of all time including the cut- ting done for the recent picture Cleopatra. The cutters worked four-hour shifts—on four, off four. Allen Brown, the producer, now a captain in the Re- serve, was in charge. There were literally millions of feet of film. When Brown's unit saw something they liked, they pressed a button, and put clips on that portion of film. When they cut the stuff

"Okay! Okay! You don't have to shout!" all they did was cut at the places marked by those clips. It saved a lot of time. Very THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE little was released to the public then

44 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JUNE 1964 .

apparently the Government was afraid more. A fleet of old ships was brought to show so manv American casualties on across the Channel and purposely sunk, the screen. After all. even The New York nose to tail, in a row offshore. This bit Times best-seller list that summer had was named Operation Gooseberry. It

only six 'war books' on it out of a total began on the second day. Those ships of 30. caught quite a bit of German artillery

"As I've said. I don't think I ever saw fire. Each time we sank one the Germans more than a dozen men at one time on reported to Goebbels that another enemy that beach. That's all my eye could take vessel had been sunk bv glorious German

in. For that matter. I don't think any- fire. On D-Dav plus three, by the time a Permanent Cash Account" body on the beach saw more than 20 at the Nazis figured out what was happen- you can draw on anytime YOU like ••• the outside. After all. they all were at- ing, most of those ships were in position Cash 24 Monthly Vou Get Payments 1. Send in Coupon groups. They were tacking in small and the first of the big concrete Phoenix $100 $ 5.90 2. Return Loan Form trained to do that. The first wave con- breakwaters was being pushed into posi- $300 $17.71 $500 $28.54 3. Cash the Check not all of sisted of about 3.000 men. and tion and sunk. There was an outer line of 30 Monthly Cash Yes, just 3 simple steps to get the $100 You Get Paymen Is them got ashore alive. Numerically, that floating steel breakwaters, too. Finally $800 $36.89 wasn't so really. many came the three piers running from the $1,000 $44.89 • By-Mail will automatically es-

. ..•moment Cash Account you can ""I don't remember just when we straight out to water. These beach deep draw on whenever you need money for any purpose! reached our first inland village, but I do were called Whales, and LSTs came right Repay loan in small monthly installments. No co- makers. Everything private. Also, Credit Life Insur- remember that on my way there our up to them and unloaded in less than an ance is available, at nominal cost, which will pay the balance of your loan in case of death. Clean up your troops ahead were smoking out a nest of hour. The operation was a triumph for bills now and also have established permanent credit, money that's yours to command whenever you like! No matter where Germans on the edge of the town. They an idea conceived by Britain's Lord you live, rush coupon. Loan Order Hlank and Permanent Cash Account ohTer mailed free in plain envelope. No obligation. no artillery support, so they sneaked earlier had Louis Mountbatten. Two years DIAL FINANCE CO., 401 Kittredge Bldg. up with flame throwers. It turned out he had made the revolutionary sugges- Dept. 6-092 - Denver, Colorado 80202 6-092 "1 that the house held five Germans and tion of taking our seaport along with DIAL FINANCE CO., Dept. own 80202 401 Kittredge Bldg . Denver, Colo. three female French collaborationists. the invading forces instead of trying to Rush FREE Loan Order Blank, Permanent Cash Account Offer. capture the heavily defended French Name I remember it now, the shells the ports. The other brass hats laughed at As 2- Address_ Texas fired must have been 1 him at first—though never to his face. incn jobs. They made a big sound, but the "That was quite an improvement over Town. _Zone State want to borrow $ odd thing was how they looked. They beaching LSTs, unloading and floating Amount you gave off yellowish smoke—and instead of them off 12 hours later to fetch another rupturing the ear drums of listeners they load, which is what was done until the Make Rubber Stamps for BIG PAY made a dull boom. Sixteen-inch guns Mulberry harbor was finished on D-Day Need more money? Earn $30 -$50 a week, spare time, at home mak- shattered ear drums, but the 1 2-inch ones plus ten. called the operation Mul- They ing rubber stamps for offices, fac- tories, individuals. Hundreds of went boom like an explosion going off berry because the mulberry is supposed uses. Hundreds of prospects — ev- inside of a mine. The 16-inch guns were erywhere. Right in your own com- to be the fastest growing tree. I never did munity. Turn special | out stamps for murderous. You had to stuff your ears names, addresses, notices, prices, etc., figure out any of the other code names. in minutes with table-top machine. We ' furnish everything and help finance with cotton if you were too near them. that's the secret kept so you. Maybe why was f Write for free facts. No salesman calls. They tell me Omar Bradley used cotton. well—no one else could either. Rubber Stamp Div.. 1512 Jarvis Ave. .Dpt. R 8 -FF, Chicago 26 He must have been on one of our big "A few days later, on the 19th and battlewagons. I didn't see him. but I did 20th. when a gale hit and destroyed see young Teddy Roosevelt near Utah FLAGS practically everything. I had some of my MARTINS Beach on D-Da\ plus three or four. We unit station themselves on one of the DISPLAYS FOR had met in Scotland where my unit S5i I ORGANIZATIONS- Phoenix caissons. It was blowing like TOWNS-SCHOOLS-FAIRS trained nearby. I thought him a fine man. hell and I was out in a small boat picking Prompt shipment. Ask for our He didn"t last very long after he landed. colorful WHOLESALE Catalog No. 44-A them up. As I was heading in. somebody MARTIN'S FLAG CO., FORT DODGE. IOWA "He was the principal founder of The yelled at me from an old English ferry- American Legion back in 1919. While boat, a sidewheeler. one of the decrepit DRAINS cellars, cisterns, wash tubs; - - he was alive he did 20 men's jobs and old Brighton excursion boats. I could see IRRIGATES CIRCULATES SPRAYS -pe P Pump has l.OOl uses. Stainless was awarded the Medal of Honor. He it was a chief petty officer yelling. 'Hi. aft. Won't rust or clog! Use 1/6 HP 3 motor or larger . . . 4 HPfor up to 2.400 didn't know that because a heart attack GPH: J50 GPH 80' high: or 1.800 OPH Jack! Hi. Jack!" I looked at him. waved from 25' well. 1" Inlet: 3^" outlet. Coupling include I free S8.9S killed him on July 12. He just kept going and asked. 'Who is it?" Then I recognized Heavy Duty Ball-Bearing r Up 1" . 5.200 GPH: 1 V4" inlet; lei . S12 95 up and down Omaha Beach with the Postpaid if cash «ilh oilier rtoney Back Ian Hunter, the actor, who afterward Guarantee. Also types. walking stick under his arm. very neat, with in worked me The Long Voyage MJ* LABAWCO PUMPS, Belle Mead 56, N very presentable, getting things done, Home. Hunter played the English officer directing traffic, giving orders to the men in that film. He was as surprised to see How To Stop running up to him. His boss. Terry Allen, me as I was to see him. He yelled. 'What

who was in charge of the First Division, are you doing here?" I veiled. 'Damned if lot Athlete's Foot Itch was a of man, too. That was 20 years I know. What are you doing?" Hunter

ago and even now I don't know too much said. 'Damned if I know either.' It was a INSTANT RELIEF! At first sign of itching, about what an Army general's job is. but brief encounter because I was concerned cracking, peeling be- when I met Terry and Teddy, the im- with getting my boys off and ashore. The tween toes, apply Dr. pression I got was that they were both gale messed up the painfully assembled Scholl's Solvex for fast good men doing efficient jobs. and constructed Mulberry harbor. Land- relief! Amazing medica- tion works three ways: I. Instantly stops the "My unit shot motion pictures of the ing craft of all kinds broke loose and intense itching; 2. Kills Athlete's Foot fungi whole Operation Mulberry, too—the piled into docks and breakwaters. My on contact; 3. Promotes rapid healing! Oint- construction of the man-made harbor photographers got plenty of footage of ment, Liquid, Powder or Push-button Spray. facilities designed to handle 8.000 tons of that 'for historical purposes.' It was as r supplies a day. In the end it handled bad a Channel storm as the first one, if D- Scholls SOLVEX THE AM ERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JUNE 1964 45 WE SHOT D-DAY ON OMAHA BEACH And although the world stood on tip- plained: "The hard-working population (Continued from page 45) toe, its hands cupped around its collec- cannot live on patriotic speeches and tive eardrums for the first word of how moral sermons alone." not worse. It was weeks before the har- we did there, in its crazy, natural, some- The invasion of France was the Sev- bor was straightened out, though supplies times silly and inconsequential way life enth Front. Maps were bought in large continued to get ashore somehow. That went on elsewhere. volume by civilians anxious to know is the best I can do 20 years after D-Day. where their friends, sons, husbands and This is the first time I've ever talked day before Operation Overlord, a families were located. about it. The fairly important thing took place as In Great Britain at Lewisham, "I would like to say to The American Mrs. Rome fell and Allied troops marched Edith Robinson, 32, had quadruplets and Legion Magazine readers that I am a into it. In China, squadrons of new super- the news caused hardly a ripple. This lifetime member and so is my wife, Mary. fortress B-29s were being readied for was the fifth set born in Britain in a year, We were both given our silver lifetime their first attack on Japan (the first U.S. the third set born to wives of servicemen, membership cards in 1955. Mary was a raids since the Doolittle "30 Seconds the second set to wives of R.A.F. men. nurse in World War I. She is a member Over Tokyo" group had made its gallant Like 135 million of his countrymen. of the Harold T. Andrews Post in Port- gesture 2Vi before). Just Franklin Roosevelt spent the week wait- land, Maine. I'm not much of a joiner. years about that same time, a famous name in show ing for invasion bulletins. As the scanty The Legion is the only organization I business was singing in York with news trickled in. the President, like his belong to. We're proud of it. and proud New fellow citizens, took it steadily, neither of the American soldiers we have known Mary Martin. Eddie Cantor sang: "We're optimistically, impatiently nor fearfully. over the years. Having a Baby, My Baby and Me." [On the early the elimi- But the nation's eyes were on the coast "One other thing. I guess it's the only one of shows network the the entire of France. What happened in the hedge- Hollywood attribute I share with stars: nated sound throughout rowed fields and the coastal swamps and John Ford isn't my real name. My real second verse. At the last minute it felt that the lyrics censoring.] beaches and in the ancient towns of name is Sean Aloysius Kilmartin needed was all O'Feeney." In Vincennes, Ind., Mrs. Lyndon Normandy important. But the people's look at the war was farther, far Ford paused while we both thought Eberly and her daughter, Helen, heard beyond Normandy. about D-Day in Normandy and all over on the radio that their soldier, Sgt. Rich- the world. ard Eberly, 21, had been one of the first then Jack Ford has made many There is small doubt that the prepara- to be landed by air in France. The Since motion pictures, and what he regards tion for and the launching of Overlord Eberlys were praying. At 3:30 a.m. in as "my small, ant-like part in Overlord" was the most important military move- Marietta, Ga., the bell of the Methodist has been hazed over by the passing years. ment ever made by this country, with the Church began to peal: by 4 a.m. every Sometimes he thinks the events he re- possible exception of the marching, re- church was lighted, and in every church members most vividly concerning those marching and bloody dying of men wear- people prayed. Aloud or in their hearts, explosive days have to do with a small ing blue and gray near a small sleepy plain men were not ashamed to say what priest standing by a roadside before his town in Pennsylvania called Gettysburg. General Eisenhower said in his Order of squat Norman church, waving a tiny Even there only our soldiery was in- the Day to his men: "Good luck, and American flag, the kind that may be pur- volved; not our Navy, our Marine Corps, may the blessing of God go with you." chased in any five-and-dime store around our planes, our Coast Guard, all blended In Japan, German correspondents in Independence Day. into one mighty spearhead of men as they Tokyo writing for their newspapers re- "Off to the right there was a little were on Utah Beach and Omaha Beach, vealed much that was not meant for U.S. church," Ford said. "Its little priest with the British and Canadians on more eyes. When the Japanese Government stood about five-feet-four. He had a little beaches to the east. closed all theaters, newspapers com- American flag in one hand and a big jug of calvados in the other. To us, that's apple brandy. As our troops went by he

dipped into it for them. Then he'd pour out another drink. When he ran out of brandy he gave them red wine. After that he served cider, and last water. The water was appreciated as much as the brandy. As our guys streamed by and saw this little priest and the American flag, a lot of them asked his blessing and took a drink. My memory of that little man

with his white hair is burned on the in- side of my skull. He'd been saving that flag for a long, long time.

"When I went back there three years later," Ford went on, "he was still there

and I talked to him. By that time I had more boys buried there in that little priest's cemetery. In spite of my bad French and the priest's bad English, we talked up a storm. The priest kept talking about what he called 'jour de dea.' It was as close as his tongue could get to 'D- Day.' Perhaps no man's tongue can get

closer. It was a day for dying and a day for victory." the end "

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THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JUNE 1964 47 THE CAREER OF CHARLES DE GAULLE (Continued from page 13) gave him the pick of assignments, and missions in Syria, Egypt, Persia and Iraq. on German General von Seeckt, the re- he chose the 33rd Infantry Regiment at Then, in 1932, at the age of 4 1 , he was juvenator of German military strength Arras. Its commanding officer was Col. assigned as a lieutenant colonel to the after 1918, and Italian General Douhet, Henri Philippe Petain. the man destined Secretariat General de la Defense Na- who, like the then discredited American to rule defeated France for Hitler after tionale. This was the Premier's military General William "Billy" Mitchell, early 1940. Thus began a 35-year relationship planning body, responsible for France's saw the role air forces would also play. between the two men which would run war defenses. From his new vantage De Gaulle's book attracted little at- the gamut from the most intimate friend- point at this crossroads of military and tention among the French public (it sold ship to the deepest hostility. political decision-making, de Gaulle was about 700 copies), but the storm that The First World War now caught up finally face to face with his first major broke around him in military and gov- de Gaulle. A captain, he was wounded challenge—and opportunity. ernment circles was tremendous. Gen- three times—at Dinant, in 1914; Cham- These were days of disarmament in eral Debeney, former Chief of the Gen- pagne, in 1915; and in the savage hand- Geneva and instability at home. It was eral Staff, and General Weygand, the in- to-hand fighting around Verdun in 1916. de Gaulle's painful task to prepare esti- cumbent Chief, both fell on de Gaulle. Taken prisoner at Douaumont, he spent mates of reductions in strength which Debeney argued, in La Revue des Deux the rest of the war in a German POW he believed wholly unwise, for a world Mond.es (Review of Two Worlds), that camp, and tried five times to escape, without arms which he believed wholly the northeast frontier of France would without success. impossible. He also now had extensive be the decisive theater in the next war

contact with the civil departments, the and that it had to be held and reinforced. FOR a few years after the war. de nation's industrialists and its political Weygand insisted France had all she Gaulle led the placid existence of a leaders. He saw no less than 14 govern- needed, including a "mechanized, motor- peacetime officer: special army duty in ments come and go between 1932 and ized, and mounted reserve." Poland, a history professorship at St. 1937, as France was rocked by scandal Even de Gaulle's old friend and pro- Cyr, duty at the Ecole de Guerre (War and subversion. This revealed to him, he tector. Marshal Petain, broke with him. College). In April 1921 he married says, the whole "extent of our resources, In a preface to General Chauvineau's Yvonne Vendroux, the daughter of a but also the feebleness of the state." book. Line invasion, est-elle encore pos- biscuit manufacturer in Calais. They met A new threat now appeared across the sible? ("Is An Invasion Possible in a Calais tea room where he accidental- Rhine—Adolf Hitler. For de Gaulle, this Again?"), Petain asserted that "tanks ly spilled a cup of tea over her. while changed everything and turned academic and aircraft did not modify the basic the orchestra was playing the "Destiny discussion of military science into prac- factors of warfare, and . . . that the prin- Waltz." It is still "their song." They tical realities. De Gaulle had to make a cipal element of French security was the named their son Philippe, for Petain. He crucial decision. In the belief that the continuous front buttressed by fortifica- is now a naval officer. The de Gaulles Army commanders "were growing old at tion." The Petain-de Gaulle friendship also have a daughter, Elizabeth, who is their posts, wedded to errors that had turned to enmity in a split which was to married to an army officer. A second once constituted their glory" he made his widen beyond repair until the very end. daughter. Anne, died in 1948. decision: "If no one proposed anything It was at the War College, in the early that would meet the situation, I felt my- De Gaulle was not without other 1920's, that the later de Gaulle first be- self bound to appeal to public opinion friends and advocates. Andre Pi- gan to emerge. Going on annual ma- and bring forward my own plan." ronneau, news editor of the Echo de neuvers, he ordered mobile tactics to After one preliminary article in 1933, Paris, took up his cause. So did Paul Rey- be used, a clear violation of French mili- de Gaulle brought his main thrust for- naud, a rising politician who. with de tary doctrine which was then based on ward in the spring of 1934—a book Gaulle, would be called on to save fixed, positional warfare. For this, de called Vers I'armee de metier ("Army France when it was already too late. In Gaulle was demoted and transferred out of the Future"). It was a thoroughgoing March 1935, Reynaud submitted a bill in of the War College. attack on the entire Maginot Line phi- the Chamber of Deputies asking for a Word of what had happened reached losophy of fixed defensive warfare, and specialized corps of six line divisions, Petain, now a Marshal and Commander- on the French politics that de Gaulle be- plus one light division and general re- in-Chief of the French Army. Petain had lieved was built around that philosophy. serves and services, to be brought up to

de Gaulle's demotion cancelled, rein- In it he proposed creation of "an army full strength by April 15. 1940—almost stated him as an instructor and then ap- of maneuver and attack, mechanized, the precise date of the Wehrmacht inva- pointed him to his own staff. armoured, composed of picked men, to sion of France. It was a curious alliance: Petain, the be added to the large-scale units supplied The bill was defeated in the Chamber's hero of defensive warfare, of the stand by mobilization." This new army would Army Committee, whose report called

at Verdun, popularly associated with have to be created by the government, it "useless, undesirable, with the logic of

"They shall not pass" (actually it was bringing with it massive changes in both history against it." General Maurin, General Nivelle who said it); de Gaulle, the techniques and politics of warfare. Minister of War, capped this incredible the rebel preaching and practicing mili- De Gaulle claimed no originality of display of ignorance of what was coming tary heresy. But personal warmth and his own for these ideas. He drew liberal- by asking on the Chamber floor, "When admiration played a greater part than ly on both French and British innovators we have devoted so many efforts to professional theory, and these qualities who had pioneered before him: General building up a fortified barrier, is it con- were to be important to both men more Estienne—France's first Inspector of ceivable that we would be mad enough than once. Tanks in 1917, British General Fuller to go ahead of this barrier, into I know For the rest of the 1920's, de Gaulle and Captain Liddell Hart and others who not what adventure?" saw varied but unexciting duties. He had urged that the next war would be Of de Gaulle he said. "He has got commanded the 19th Chasseur Battalion fought with the mobile and mechanized himself a tame writer—Pironneau—and at Treves (Trier) and served on the tactics and materiel of the later months a gramophone—Reynaud. I shall send General Staff of the Army of the Rhine. of World War 1, rather than the trench him to Corsica!" To de Gaulle himself, Between 1929 and 1932 he led military warfare of its middle years. He also drew Maurin snapped, "Good-bye, de Gaulle!

48 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • J NE 1964 —

Where I am there's no place for you." to do since was resolved on that day." Attacks came from the other side of On June 6, 1940, Brigadier General BORROW BY AIRMAIL spectrum, too. French Socialist lead- de Gaulle was brought into the doomed the to er Leon Blum, a prime antagonist of the Reynaud Government as Undersecretary $100 $1000!

French Army and later to be Premier, of State for National Defense. He was NO embarrassing investiga- Sj NO representative will jumped on de Gaulle. To Blum, any highly critical of the Army Command, on you Collateral antt army was a threat to the Republic, and especially the Commander-in-Chief. de Gaulle's proposals for an increased General Weygand, for their lack of lead- Cash Ton Ctl professional force were therefore anath- ership. Against the urgings of the top S65704 S3 loo ema. generals, who wanted to accept an ar- mistice, de Gaulle held out for continu- In the end, de Gaulle had only the BANKERS INVESTMENT CO., 11-T In*. Bids., Hutchinson, Kant. 67501 grim satisfaction of seeing Hitler's gen- ing the war from the French Empire. He - - "Mr R~ D. o7bOi-tT, ^ice~President TOGEjQflii erals employing his ideas. In 1934, made two trips to London to enlist Brit- BANKERS INVESTMENT CO. 1 1 -T Joachim von Ribbentrop, Hitler's For- ish support for the idea, and to get help Bankers Irw. Bldg., Hutchinson, Kans. 67501 $. Please rush "Loan Agreement" in plain envelope. while the fighting in Europe still went on. eign Minister, knew all about de Gaulle, Name- .Occupation. I as did the future chief of the Nazi mo- Churchill could give little help on the Address. -Age_ torized corps. Huenhlein. Both were sur- ground, none in the air. but he was im- .Zone State. prised that eminent Frenchmen they pressed with de Gaulle's plans for fight- City talked to had never heard of him. ing on from the colonies. his return to Paris, he For three years after 1937, de Gaulle After second CARBIDE CANNON was sidelined as a tank regimental com- found that Reynaud had resigned and of the govern- mander at Metz. He published another Petain had become head sur- book, in 1938, France et son armee ment. Realizing that this meant ("'France and Her Army"), which Wey- render, de Gaulle left for London for the gand called "evil" and Petain laughed last time, with 100,000 francs given him off as merely '"witticisms." De Gaulle by Reynaud from the secret funds. also continued to plead for his mobile Now began the next major chapter in $9.95 armored divisions in memoranda to peo- de Gaulle's life—the struggle to free $13.95 Ar 50c tube (500 shots), 3 tubes $1.25 postpaid. 479 Detroit 7. Mich. ple in high governmental positions. Some France from the Germans and to main- JOHNSON SMITH CO. Dept. slow progress was made—two light tain, as he saw it, the identity of France mechanized divisions were formed by in the eyes of its own friends and allies. LEARN 1939, and two more were on the way. The decision to go into exile was one MEAT CUTTING But de Gaulle was too far from the cen- about which he had not the slightest Train quickly in 8 short weeks at Toledo for a bright future with security ters of power to be effective, and the tide doubt. As General Eisenhower later re- In the vital meat business. Big pay, full-time Jobs—HAVE A PROFITABLE MARKET OF YOUR OWN! Pay after was still against him at top levels. marked, his brother French officers who graduation. Diploma given. Job help. Thousands of successful graduates. Our Then everything began to change. War accepted their government's order to sur- 41st year! Send now for big, new d FREE catalog. No obligation. G. I. Approved. render had to dislike de Gaulle for his NATIONAL SCHOOL OF MEAT CUTTING was declared in September 1939. For Dept. A-49, Toledo 4, Ohio refusal. If right, it seven months, France sat it out behind he were made cow- her Maginot Line, exactly as the Gov- ards of them all. Otherwise, he was sim- ernment and Army leaders had planned. ply a deserter. This was the period of the "Phony War," De Gaulle's first move in London was Are you miserable with pain and aches of leg I ulcers, swelling, itch, rash due to deep venous when the Germans did not move and the to appeal to all Frenchmen to contact I congestion or leg swelling of bulged veins or in- I juries? Find out about proven VISCOSE that him, if possible. "Whatever happens, the British and French took no initiatives I works as you walk. Easy to use. Money -bark

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Just before the onslaught, he had the independence and greatness of From Truss Slavery been given command of the 4th Armored France"—a typical de Gaulle formula- Surely you want to THROW AWAY TRUSSES Division. At Laon and Abbeville, his tion. FOREVER, be rid of Rupture Worries. Then Why put up with wearing a griping, chafing forces inflicted the only real defeats of De Gaulle's assessment of Churchill and unsanitary truss? For there is now a mod- em Non-Surgical treatment that is designed to the I of the to the campaign on the Germans. "If live," was: "From one end drama correct rupture. These Non-Surgical treatments he said before the engagement at Laon, other, he appeared to me as the great are so dependable that a Lifetime Certificate of Assurance is given. 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In November, by his own "ordi- evacuation. nance," he established a National Com- The same thing happened in the feeling, saying of de Gaulle, "I preserved last mittee to rule France following its lib- days of the war, as the French 1st the impression, in contact with this very Army eration. "The Committee," he said, crossed the Alpine frontier into North- tall, phlegmatic man, 'Here is the Con- "would be the government." west Italy. Eisenhower again ordered stable of France.' " But de Gaulle was a Friction mounted between de Gaulle, withdrawal and de Gaulle again refused, source of friction to the Allied command the weakest member of the Alliance, and not wanting to see Allied military gov- throughout the war, his preoccupation his stronger friends, who believed that ernments set up in areas occupied with France coming in conflict with the by paying the bills entitled them to call the French troops. This time. President Allied preoccupation with victory. Tru- tune. At the Casablanca Conference, in man wrote him, saying bluntly that there 1943, Roosevelt and Churchill brought would be no further equipment sent him Whatever de Gaulle's personal in, as a counterweight to de Gaulle, until he complied. Gaulle emotions about the "Anglo-Sax- De yielded. French General Henri Giraud, who had ons" and their treatment of him, his be- For de Gaulle, the liberation of Paris escaped from a German POW camp. Far in havior had more important goals. "It was August 1944 was the crowning act of by adopting without compromise the the years of exile and comeback. The Allies permitted this to be a French show cause of national recovery that I could all the way, and de Gaulle would scarcely acquire authority . . . Limited and alone have settled for less. Gaulle led though I was, and precisely because I De the victorious French troops the was so, I had to climb to the heights and down never then to come down." Champs Elysees. "I went on foot," he wrote. De Gaulle was now on his way to "This was not the day for passing in review with glittering major public power. It was a striking feat arms and for a man whose background was entire- trumpets sounding." And with careful says, I ly that of a professional soldier. Not only modesty, he "And myself, at the center this I felt I had he never held elective office, he had of outburst, was ful- filling a function which far entered public life less than a month be- transcended fore. Though he had Reynaud's personal my individuality, for I was serving as an instrument confidence, he had no real mandate to of destiny." take on the leadership of France. The war over, de Gaulle became head But neither the rules of elections nor of the Provisional Government of the niceties of appointment applied in France. It was a job whose duties he did those turbulent days. France had ceased not relish. There were, first of all, the to exist as a political entity, except trials of the wartime Vichyites, the men THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE through its exiles. Its most important who had delivered France to the enemy and then collaborated in the captivity exile, de Gaulle, proclaimed that he was from awing de Gaulle, this only made that followed. Among those tried was France. For the Allies, it was either he him more adamant in his determination Marshal Petain. were or no one. They recognized him and he to be the only spokesman for France. Many sentenced to death or long prison terms. Gaulle accepted the recognition, because they Roosevelt and Churchill had to spend De some of the sentences, re- were all that counted then, all that ever much time reconciling the two. The out- commuted others. possibly could restore France's inde- come was a French Committee of Na- duced pendence. tional Liberation headquartered in Al- Toward his one-time mentor, Petain, especially charitable, seeing to it Later, when he went back to France, giers, but it was de Gaulle who was its he was de Gaulle would have to make his new sole president. that the old man was spared the indignity mandate good with the French people. of execution. If there was any personal motivation behind this act, Gaulle For the present, he was their leader by In June 1944, de Gaulle returned to de the sheer force of his personality and England for the D-Day invasion. never admitted it. He said only that Pe- philosophy, and the unique circum- That month, his National Committee be- tain's former services to France, and the stances of World War 2 in 1940. came the Provisional Government of the dignity of his rank forbade such an ig- He was not long in putting his princi- French Republic and. in July, the United nominious end. Petain was allowed to isolation. ples into action. In the fall of 1940, he States declared it "recognizes that the live out his days in guarded

set out on a tour of those French col- French Committee of Liberation is quali- For the civilian collaborationist chiefs, onies allied with the Free French. In Oc- fied to exercise the administration of Laval and Darnand, there was no such tober, at Brazzaville, in the Congo, he France." De Gaulle's authority was now clemency. established himself as trustee of France's unchallenged by anyone. It was when de Gaulle turned to other interests, of the legitimate French Gov- Once back on the Continent with the problems that his frustrations became ernment when that should be restored to advancing troops, de Gaulle's independ- severe. One of his first acts after the end power. That was followed by a trip ent actions became even bolder and more of the fighting was to call for an "auster- through the Middle East; altogether, de exasperating to his allies. In the German ity program" for France. He tried to future" that Gaulle spent eight of his first 1 2 months assault—the Battle of The Bulge—in paint the "magnificent after leaving France in Africa and the December 1944, General Eisenhower or- would be hers if people pulled in their Middle East. dered French forces to pull back on the belts and worked hard. He also toured Throughout 1941, he traveled through Alsace sector. De Gaulle refused. Eisen- the country preaching the doctrine "To England and made countless radio hower spent a long session gently lectur- work!" In his memoirs he stated that broadcasts for his Free French cause. ing him on the duties of soldiers to obey everywhere he went he was wildly re- When Russia was pulled into the war, the orders of superiors. He even threat- ceived. he welcomed the event. Though he fore- ened to cut off fuel and other supplies. But "political activity took a contrary saw problems after the war as a result, De Gaulle listened impassively and re- direction." The politicians rejected his even then he was thinking of the counter- joined merely that "French honor" did demands for the powers he wanted in balancing elements to American-British not permit the evacuation of Strasbourg. order to impose his austerity measures.

50 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • J NE 1964 —.

Former Premiers Blum and Herriot when dissolution again was threatening even after three decades of experience, turned him down when he tried to get France herself in May 1958, President the world did not take him seriously. It them to go along. In fact, he complained, Coty asked General de Gaulle to form was unprepared, therefore, for his casual they gave force to the unfounded rumors a new government. announcement at a press conference, on that he was seeking to set himself up as De Gaulle once again moved back in- January 14, 1963, that France would a dictator. By June 1945, de Gaulle was to office, in June, as Premier. This time veto any British application to join the already thinking of retiring. it was on his terms. He insisted on, and Common Market. All of his earlier doubts about poli- got, the powers to rule as well as reign. Once again, de Gaulle was a riddle to ticians and their corrosive effects on so- A new Constitution was written, giving his allies. He confounded them by re- ciety began to ascend again. The October the President powers to act even though moving some of his divisions, ships and elections, which returned the largest the Assembly was hostile or immobil- air units from NATO command, by em- number of representatives from the com- ized. On December 21, 1958, de Gaulle barking on the development of his own munists (160), confirmed these doubts. became the first President of the Fifth nuclear forces, and by making his own

He believed that it was only he who had French Republic, chosen to serve seven alliance-within-the-alliance with German prevented an outright takeover by the years beginning in . He also Chancellor Adenauer. In December communists, but he also had to admit kept the office of Premier (though he 1963, he moved to open diplomatic rela- that "at this point in my journey, the sup- later passed that office to Michel Debre) tions with Communist China—the first port the nation offered me was growing Much had changed in the 12 years de Western power to do so since before the slight and uncertain." Gaulle had been away. There were new Korean War. At the same time he urged After that he was to "step on one nest world leaders—Khrushchev, Mao, Eis- that Vietnam be "neutralized," a term of intrigue after the other," including enhower—and new events for him to which his American allies interpreted as bringing communists into the govern- deal with. One thing had not changed "surrender to the communists." In 1964, ment only to be flooded with disapproval de Gaulle's genius for surprising people. he began bidding for Latin American from all the others. His own power The first victims were his staunchest support with offers of French trade, tech-

"hung by a thread" now. On January 1, supporters, the Frenchmen fighting back nical help, and the friendship of a major 1946, he made up his mind. On January the tide of revolt in Algeria. Settlers and nation independent of both the United 20, he called his ministers together, after generals alike, they believed de Gaulle States and the communists. further "disgusting" attacks by Herriot, would somehow halt the revolt and make De Gaulle remained unruffled about and told them he was resigning. He Algeria safe for them once again. But the hackles he was raising. He insisted thought they were more grieved than de Gaulle soon made it plain that he in- that England's interests really lay outside astonished. Even communist leader tended to settle the Algerian question, the European continent and the Market,

Thorez said, "A departure made with not permit it to go on interminably, and that he could negotiate with both Mos- greatness." that meant self-determination for Al- cow and Peking better than Washington geria. In , he promised could, that he was actually a staunch ally Thus, at 55, de Gaulle left public life self-determination if the rebels would —witness his immediate declaration of for his home in the Champagne. He agree to a cease fire. support for the United States when the said he was disheartened by the political First the colons (the French-Algerian crisis over Russian missiles in Cuba squabbling, the contention of the fac- civilians), then the generals turned broke in 1962—and that French help for tions, and unwilling to go on until there against de Gaulle. Several of the highest- Latin America would actually be a boon would be nothing left of his own reputa- ranking generals—Challe, Zeller, Salan, to the United States. tion as a national leader. Massu and others—ended up in jail or By now de Gaulle's allies were no To many, it was the end of de Gaulle on the sidelines. Embittered political fig- longer dismissing him, although they as a French public figure. At Colombey- ures like Georges Bidault fled France were still baffled as to what he would des-Deux-Eglises he walked in the gar- with warrants hanging over them. In do next. In every Western nation he was dens in silence. The villagers became his , the Algerian war ended defended and denounced with equal ve- friends, though he was never intimate after seven years and four months of hemence, especially in the United States. with them. There, too, in 1948, his fighting, and in a referendum in April, His detractors were certain that Europe, younger daughter, Anne, died. Algeria voted to become independent. the Atlantic Community and the world Yet, de Gaulle was never really out of De Gaulle's decolonialization effort would return to "normal" after de Gaulle France's affairs. Leaders of all political went far beyond Algeria. He offered the had left the scene; his defenders were just faiths came to talk and consult with him. other French African colonies their as certain that his works would live after In April 1947, the Rassemblement du choice: independence within the French him. Peuple Francois (the Gaullist party) Commonwealth, with French aid and chose him as its President. He listened other benefits, or independence outside, In the center of the turmoil is de closely to the radio and followed the with no aid. All except Guinea chose to Gaulle, serene and unshakable in the newspapers. At this time, also, he wrote stay within the Commonwealth. De knowledge that in the internationalist his wartime memoirs. Gaulle promptly cut off the Guineans world of 1964 he has applied the code De Gaulle's retirement kept his name from all economic assistance, something of French patriotism and pride of the last clear of the beginnings of France's co- many thought he never would do. (The century. Through sheer will power he lonial disintegration. The setbacks in In- Guineans then turned to Soviet Russia, made it work for France to ride out dochina, culminating with the debacle at but after finding that Soviet "assisters" Hitler, and then to reweld a split and Dienbienphu in 1954, seared France's were plotting their overthrow they ex- shaken France into a world power again soul once again, but de Gaulle remained pelled the Russians and turned back to since 1958. Right or wrong in whatever immune to the bitterness that engulfed France. De Gaulle welcomed them back he has done or may do next, he is apt the Fourth Republic's statesmen. He was in—on his terms.) to remain unshakable; to think of France also in retirement when the Algerian re- But the really severe shocks were still first, to trust his own judgment above volt began and while it ground on to its ahead. As negotiations between Britain that of all others; and to let the rest of climax of the separation of France's most and the Common Market droned on the world worry about its problems. important possession. through 1961 and 1962, de Gaulle gave Which makes him a very tough nut for When all else had failed in Algeria, increasing vent to his impatience. But the rest of the world. the end

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BUSINESS-MONEY MAKING OPPORTUNITIES SALESMEN WANTED INVESTIGATE ACCIDENTS—Earn $950 to $1,600 monthly. SELL ADVERTISING MATCHBOOkS to local businesses. Men urgently needed. Car furnished. Business expenses paid. No experience needed—powerful sales kit free. Part, full-time. Pick own job location. Investigate full time. Or earn $6.44 Match Corporation of America, Dept. EX-64, Chicago 32 hour spare time. Write for Free Information. Universal, CA-6, AUTHORS—PUBLISHERS—BOOKS 6081 Hillcrest, Dallas 5, Texas. "WESTERN TREASURES", $2.00. "Wyatt Earp", $6.00. MEN WOMEN! Start Money-Making Plastic Laminating — Nonfiction books. Frontier Books, Toyahvale, Texas. Business at home in spare time. Material that costs 11c brings back $2.58. No canvassing or selling but mail orders bring in OF INTEREST TO WOMEN $20.00 a day. Write for full particulars free. Rush name on HOME TYPING—$75 Weekly Possible! Details, $1.00 (Re- postcard to Warner, Room CL-56-DD, 1512 Jarvis, C hicago 26. fundable). Research Enterprises, 29-FBX Samoset Road, SELL Advertising book matches. Write us today: we put you Woburn, Massachusetts. in business by return mail; handling complete line ad book Earn $45-$65 weekly through resident typing. Adjustable hours. matches in demand by every business right in your town! No For i nformation write :Dept. AM, Box 1902, SSS. Springfield , Mo. investment; everything furnished free! Top commissions daily! Superior Match, Dept. JX-664, 7530 S. Greenwood, Chicago, OF INTEREST TO MEN III. 60619. Cigars FREE. Write for sample. Specify light or dark. Hudson, Westfield, Mass. EASY TO START rubber stamp business at home in spare time. Make up to $9.80 an hour without experience. Facts free. "HOMEBREW RECIPES"— Beer, Ale, Liquors, Wines! Write to Roberts, 1512 Jarvis, Room CR-56-DD, C hicago 26. Recipes, $2.00 postpaid. (Supplies, Hydrometers Price List INVESTIGATE FIRES, STORM DAMAGE, ACCIDENTS Included!). Research Enterprises, 29-NT7 Samoset Road, FOR INSURANCE COMPANIES—Pays upto$1,OOOa month, Woburn, Mass. full college necessary. part or time. No Car furnished ; expense SONG POEMS paid. We train you at home in spare time. Keep present job POEMS NEEDED for songs. Rush poems. Crown Music, until ready to switch. Pick your location. badly needed Men 49-AM West 32, New York 1. now. Full information FREE. Write Liberty School, Dept. SONGPOEMS AND SONGS WANTED! Mail to: Tin Pan C-955, 1139 W. Park, Libertyville, Illinois. Alley, Inc., Box 405, Radio City Station, New York 19, N.Y. EARN BIG MONEY repairing electrical appliancesl Learn in spare time at home. FREE BOOK. Christy Trades School, INVENTIONS 3214 W. Lawrence^ Dept. A-6HLChicago 60625. IF YOUR INVENTION is adaptable to promotion we will ' How To Establish Your Own Successful Mail Order Busi- contract for selling on cash or royalty. Free booklet outlines ness," new information packed, 24 page booklet free. Direct royalty, rates, requirements. Kessler Corporation, C-366, Mai[Guides, Inc., QM-C6, 4227_Herschel Bldg.,_Dallas, Tex. Fremont, Ohio. $25.00-$75.00 Week Clipping Newspaper Items for Publishers. INVENTIONS Wanted: Patented, unpatented. Global Mar- Some worth $10.00 each. Details free. Graham's, 1255-N, keting Service, 2420- L 77th, Oakland 5, Califronia. Englewood, Colorado, 80110. LOANS BY MAIL RAISE FISHWORMST FREE LITERATURE. Redworm BORROW $100 "to $1000 by Mail. Quick, Easy, Private. No Breeders 1,000-$4.00. 5,000-$1595, Postpaid. Earthworm Co-Signers. Repay in 24 small monthly payments. For the LIVE SEAHORSES . . . Hobby for young Enter prises, Dawson , Geo rg ia^ amount you want write TODAY to Dial Finance Co., 401 Kit- HOME MAILORDER BUSINESS— Raising fishworms and tredgo Bldg., Dept. 6-001, Denver, Colorado, 80202. & old. Watch Father Seahorse give birth

crickets. Free_literature, Carter Gardens Plains, Georgia . , REAL ESTATE to live babies! Raise in goldfish bowl or jar. Free food and instructions included. EMPLOYMENT—JOBS CANADIAN VACATION LANDS: Full price $385.00. 40 each; $2 Mated Pair; 2 Mated Pairs Tremendous Opportunities— U.S.A. —Overseas. Choose Jobs acres, $10 month. Suitable cottage sites, hunting, fishing, in- $1 — Locations — Transportation — Free Details. Occupations, vestment. Free information. Land Corporation, 3768-F $2.98; plus 25tf ptge. Live delivery guaran- International Airport, Box 100K1, Jamaica 30, New York. BathursL Downsview, Ontario, Can ada. teed. FLORIDA SEAHORSE CO., Dept. AL-6, Innumerable Florida Opportunities. Three monthly issues MODERN 4 BEDROOM Antique Brick Home. 14,'< Acres. Box 300, Miami Beach 39, Fla. $1.00. Kohr, Box 111 -C, Clearwater, Florida, 33517 Small lake. Write; Jessie Mills, Route 2, Bonifay, Florida. AGENTS WANTED ' PERSONAL—MISCELLANEOUS BORROW $1,000 AIRMAIL! Repay $44.82 for twenty-nine MEN! Show your wifel 60% profit on nationally advertised months. licensed. Postal Finance, Dept. 87-K, Kansas Hollywood Cosmetics. Make $25 a day up. Hire others. For State City 1, Free Samples, details, write Studio Girl-Glendale California, Kansas. Department 056B45. THEATRICAL COSTUMES; Rubber, Leather, Satin, etc. Illustrated Brochure $1.00, deductible first order. OLYMPIA, STAMPS 126-Q M, Broo kl yn 18, New York. KENNEDY STAMP FREEI U. S. Dollar Stamps, Columbus Hang Goldwater! On your living room wall. Beautiful 11"x14" Issue, Pony Express, All Genuine and FREE! Send 10c for Oil Portrait. $9.25. Oil Specialty Co., 23 Hawthorne Road, mailing. Empire Stamp Corp., Dept. MA, Toronto, Canada. Sea Cliff, New York. GOVERNMENT SURPLUS ADVERTISERS-AGENCIES JEEPS $64.50, AIRPLANES $75.20, BOATS $6.18. Many You are reading the Classified Section of one of the Nation's others direct from U.S. Government. For complete "Direc- most responsive markets. These Classified ads are shopped by tory" and catalog send $1.00 to Quality Surplus, Dept. B6, millions of people who respond to Opportunity. For details write Box 23, Greensburg, Pennsylvania. CLASSIFIED, Dept. A-7, 100 EastJJhipjy.^Chic^o ll^JIL

BE INVISIBLE HEIGHT SLIPPING EYEGLASSES? Eliminate annoy ance of push ng them up. Ear-Loks, soft, TALLER elastic tabs keep glasses snug-fitting. No more fussing with sliding glasses. For BY 2 FULL men, women, children, 59c a pair, 2 pairs $1.00. DORSAY PRODUCTS Dept. A-6, 200 INCHES! W. 57th Street, New York 19, N. Y.

Slip these foam rubber and felt Height In- crease Pads in any pair of shoes. Now, step into them to added walking comfort and 2" in height. The same height increase as ex- pensive height increasing shoes. These in- JET POWER FOR - 64. P-300 Jet Outboard 5-H.P. visible, interchangeable cushions need no KEEP CESSPOOL TROUBLE Motor. Weighs only 29 lbs., operates in 3" water, skims over weeds, economical, ideal for trolling. gluing and are an aid to better posture. No Prop! Guaranteed. Retails for $169.. Special Durable and shock absorbing. Thousands now Factory to You price $129. Send check or M.O.. size. we pay shipping in continental 48 states. For worn. State man's or woman's shoe C.O.D., send $10 down, pay balance & shipping Only $2.95 pair, ppd. HUDSON INDUSTRIES, on delivery. PROPULSION RESEARCH. INC.. Dept. D. 7644 Knox S.. Minneapolis. Minn. Dept. AL-64, 550 Fifth Ave., New York 36, N. Y.

~" FILL OUT AND MAIL THIS COUPON TODAY!" I! American Academy of Thoroughbred Handicapping 122 S. State St. • Chicago 3, Illinois . Dept. 672 Please rush your FREE lesson on Handicapping (in a plain wrapper). No cost, no obligation, no calls by salesman. SEPTIC TANK TROUBLES? — Reactivator keeps septic tank and cesspool clean, pre- vents overflow, back-up, odors, saves cost- ADDRESS. ly pumping or digging. Just mix dry pow- der in water, flush. Non-poisonous, non- caustic, 6 mos. supply (23 ozs.) $2.95 ppd. Northel, AL-6, Minneap- In a remarkably short time you can enjoy an exciting business-like hobby as a Handi- Dept. Box 1103, olis 40. Minn. capper of thoroughbred horses. Now, you can really enjoy horse racing . . . with promise of PROFITS. But the important thing is to get your FREE Handicapping Les- son and the complete information right now! Send coupon or write for details today! AMERICAN ACADEMY OF THOROUGHBRED HANDICAPPING 122 SOUTH STATE STREET • CHICAGO, ILLINOIS 60603 • DEPT. 672 54 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JUNE 1964 — . .

0

THE AMERICAN LEGION SHOPPER

Book chapter and verse- mentions names, dates and places. Some may be in your own back yard.

". . . the most frightening

book you will ever read . . a shocking commentary on the quality of our judges ... mercilessly spotlights ."- the crooked judges . . Los Angeles Herald Examiner

JUST OFF THE PRESS. ..the first and only book to tell the shocking

EAI-ZY WAY slide rule has color-coded truth about the judiciary in our country! scales, metal ends, carrying case with belt loop. Basic Trig Rule : $6.95 Professionals' pocket model. $9.95 (12") Student model ENCLOSE CHECK, DRAFT OR MONEY ORDER FOR with 16 scales. Basic and Advanced Log- $4.95 TO RECEIVE YOUR COPY POSTPAID. FULL REFUND Log Rules: $7.95 with 22 scales. $15.95 full 29 scales. Tax & ptge. ppd. included WILL BE MADE IN 10 DAYS IF YOU ARE NOT SATISFIED.

Guaranteed. EAI , INC.. P.O. Box 217, San Marino 5, Calif. To: BOOK COMPANY OF AMERICA —DEPT. AM NAME. 9171 Wilshire Boulevard Beverly Hills, California Dear Sirs: Enclosed is ADDRESS draft check money order for $4.95. Please send me postpaid a copy of CITY. .ZONE. THE BENCH IS WARPED.

If I am not completely satisfied I may return it STATE. within 10 days and

receive a full refund. IN THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA ADD 4^c SALES TAX

"INSTANT SWIMMING" with the aid of this unique device, 1/25" thin and weighing 4 oz., worn hidden under regular bathing suit or trunks. "SWI M-EZY"® is custom designed fo. men and women. 10 day trial guarantee. State waist size and sex. $7.95 ppd. (plus tax in Calif.). 320 SWIM-EZY . Mfr.. 2245 North Lake Avenue. Dept. T-502. NEW/ SWIM SNEEX Altadena. California 91001. over ONE MILLION sold! ALL-RUBBER BATHING SHOES

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• Folding and / ffonme ' Stacking Chairs FOLDING TABLES • Storage Trucks Churches, schools, clubs, • Risers and Stages lodges your organization, Roo/n Partitions — Ideal for ocean, lake or pool bathing, and for boat- • too, can order modern ROACH BAIT tablets kill roaches, crickets ing. Nothing else like it! Sturdy, flexible, snug- Folding Tables and water bugs. Rids home of pests with- Monroe at fitting rubber bathing shoes with protective sure- our direct - from - factory, out spraying. Use indoors or out. Non-in- grip soles. Better than canvas sneakers. Light- money-saving prices! Com- jurious to people and pets when used as weight in the water. Easy on and off. White only. directed. Special, plete stock of models, 120 Bait Tablets—$1. Men's sizes: 7 to 12. Ladies' sizes: 5 to 8. Specify styles and sizes. Attrac- ppd. Cash, check or M O. to: MARGO, LTD., shoe size. $3.98 a pair, by return mail, post paid. tive savings on chairs, Dept. E, P.O. Box 2264, Culver City, Calif. No C.O.D. please. storage trucks, partitions, risers, etc. Send today for DORSAY PRODUCTS, Dept. XA2, FREE 40-page catalog! 200 W. 57th St., New York 19, N. Y. THE MONROE CO. 69 Church St., Colfax, Iowa

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JUNE 1964 55 — —

WATCH OUT, MEN! Sign posted in a girls gym at West Coast college— PARTING "BUILD A BETTER SPOUSE TRAP" Thomas April OPEN-MINDED ANGLER The purist who sticks to a fly that's dry Has only sneers for the wet-fly guy SHOTS Who snoots the salmon-egg man in terms He uses for oafs who stoop to worms. (But me, I'd gladly shoot 'em or net 'em Any old way just so I get 'em.)

E i in i. Jacobson THE BRIGHT SIDE The nice thing about an egotist is that he doesn't go around talking about other people. Philip Thomas FAMOUS LAST WORDS: I won't criticize your cooking. Honey, But, gee—these mushrooms sure taste funny. Joseph V. Braun GOT A MATCH? A man is his own master in the free enter- prise system, but if his boss makes him a gift of a pipe, he smokes a pipe. G. Norman Collie GOOD GRIEF Though life is beset with acute irritations

The picture is never as bad as it looks: Troubles are tempered with fair com- pensations. "Just how much do you tip that kid?" Some women drivers are excellent cooks. Mel Ryan QUIPMANSHIP PRIMEVAL URGE Women love to shop. Their husbands get A motorist taking a vacation trip through New England stopped one quite a charge out of it too. afternoon for a bite to eat in a typical Cape Cod tea room. As he sat W.u.i S i reightief near a window and looked out at the surrounding village, he remarked to the waitress: "Tell me, how do yon keep your village so quaint-looking?" DON'T GIVE IT A THOUGHT "By applying modern methods," replied the waitress. "We make a prac- Any cutie who has beauty tice of re-qitainting it every two or three years." Needn't plot or plan Dan Benneti Or endeavor to be clever, For she knows she can —Though a nit-wit Make a hit wit' IT'S A GOOD THING Boy or man. The little girl rushed into kindergarten and said, breathlessly, "We Which will tend to show you, Chum, got a new baby at our house. Why don't you come and see it, teacher?" That a dumbbell ain't so dumb! "I shall," replied the teacher, "but I think I'd better wait until DlRCK I'OORE your mother is better." "Oh, you don't have to be afraid," confided the little girl, "it isn't catching!" Anna Herbiri D

EXPERIENCED D An iron worker was nonchalantly walking the beams high above the street on a new skyscraper while the pneumatic hammers made a nerve- D MM TOE jangling racket and the compressor below shook the whole steel structure. When he came down a spectator approached him. D "I was amazed at your calmness up there," he yelled to the iron worker. "How- did you happen to get a job like this?" MAM 'Well," the calm iron worker yelled back, "I used to drive a school bus until my nerves gave out." Giles H. Runyon

"THAT'LL FOOL 'EM" Entering the hotel, a shy bride whispered to her husband, "Let's if act as we've been married a long time . . I don't want them to know we're newlyweds." "All right," replied her husband. "Think you can carry both these suitcases?" "Owned by an elderly couple who never Lucille J. Goodyear went over 100 miles an hour." 56 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • JUNE 1964 FJfC£/\f you order NOW! COMPLETE FISHING OUTFITS 2 LEAKPROOF floating NATIONALLY ADVERTISED 1964 MODELS

2 LOADED TACKLE BOXES • 41 DEADLY LORES

3 EXPERTLY BALANCED RODS AND REELS

-XS ARGOSY D/RECJ-DRTVf

YOU BY EXPERTS. This choice fish-gctting tackle, used by experts, MONEY BACK GUARANTEE! contains nationally famous brands. Each item carefully chosen—everything you need NIRESK DISCOUNT SALES • Chicago 11, III. .oem. fm-;i for all types of fishing. Deadly lures that are all time favorites. A veteran angler or an ORDER TODAY! If you're not 100% pleased we'll occasional fisherman can be proud of this precision-built kit. You can go fishing at refund your full purchase price promptly. once. Compare! You will not find a bargain like this anywhere. YOU KEEP 2 FREE TACKLE BOXES REGARDLESS! Please rush 41? pes. 3 Complete Fishing Sets LOOK! YOU GET EVERYTHING SHOWN. Super "88" Spincast Reel • Comet X3C Bait Cast

Reel • Argosy Direct Drive Trolling Reel • 5 ft. 2 pc. Fiber Glass Spin Cast Rod • 4 ft. Fiber NAME

Glass Bait Cast Rod • 3',2 ft. Fiber Glass Trolling Rod • 9 ft. 3 section Bamboo Pole and 25 ADDRESS • • Line • Floating Tackle Boxes with ft. Bank Line 41 proven Deadly Lures 5 pc. Furnished 2 CITY. ZONE _ STATE. removable trays • Fish Knife and Sheath • 28 pc. Popping Lure Kit • Dip Net, Stringer, Split I enclose $12.95 plus $1.00 for postage & handling. Assorted Hooks, Snelled Hooks, Cork Bobbers, Popper Shot, Clincher Sinkers, Snap Swivels, Ship C.O.D. I will pay C.O.D. charges and postage.

Corks, and complete instructions. 41 1 pieces in all. In Canada: $16.95 postpaid

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