DI SB498 F2 Ocrcombined-Rev.Pdf

August 5, 1981 DRAFT LETTER TO: Mental Health & Nursing Lists Dear xxxx:

I am writing to share with you a copy of an article that I recently wrote for the Behavior Therapist highlighting the importance of our nation's mental health professionals

becoming politically more active.

Although it is admittedly unlikely that the phrase

"national health insurance" will be a politically popular one during the next several years , I fully expect that the underlying message that I presented will still be a viable one, especially as the federal government aggressively addresses the ever-escalating costs of health care in our nation.

Aloha,

DKI

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Destination? Offsite or local Invited Special Feature

National Health Insurance—Your Destiny Is In Your Hands

Daniel K. Inouye, United States Senator, HI

As the Congress steadily evolves towards the enactment am quite aware of the evidence highlighting the safety and of a comprehensive National Health Insurance program, I efficacy of biofeedback therapy in particular. However, I am especially pleased to be able to report that at long last am afraid that most of my colleagues are simply not as well our nation’s nonphysician health care providers, and our informed. mental health professionals in particular, are becoming per- Undoubtedly, my interest in health care is substantially sonally involved in the political process. heightened by the fact that it was my lifelong ambition to be For a number of years now, I have advocated the position a physician, more particularly, a surgeon. I have always that if we truly desire to ensure that each of our citizens deeply respected the medical profession and especially its should have access to quality health care, then we must ability to assist those who are less fortunate. Prior to my develop and actively encourage a health care system that entering the Armed Forces in World War 11, 1 had com- has, as its underlying premise, respect for the integrity of menced my premedical courses at the university, but then our consumers and our health care practitioners of all disci- my war injuries made my dream a truly impossible one. Dur- plines. In doing so, we must ensure that each of our health ing my rather extensive rehabilitation program, I became care professions—whether it be medical or not—has the fascinated by the advances and technological improvements freedom to fully define the scope of its own practice and to in rehabilitation medicine in particular, and especially by make appropriate adjustments as new knowledge is ob- the extent to which the active participation of the patient tained. I am personally confident that each of our tradi- could make a significant difference in the course of therapy. tional disciplines—medicine, nursing, psychology, and Since then most of my experiences with medicine have been clinical social work—is quite capable of accepting this very as a patient, although from time to time I still do have the grave responsibility. Further, I am also confident that each opportunity to don my clinical robes and observe an actual has the maturity necessary for making those very difficult operation. So today 1 am addressing you as a friend, as one internal decisions that are required to protect the public who has himself benefited considerably from many of the from the few "bad apples" that every profession, including advances of medical science. 1 speak as one who in a very my own, possesses. Unfortunately, as we are all aware, the real and most personal sense, knows of the difference that nonphysician health care provider has traditionally not you as scientists and practitioners can make to our society. been accorded this opportunity, but instead has all-too- Since the days of President Harry Truman, our nation’s often been relegated to a position of being of ancillary or politicians have been discussing the pros and cons of paraprofessional status. This is true both under our major enacting national health insurance. Today, we find our- federal health programs and also under many of our private selves as one of the only two industrialized nations in the insurance plans. world that does not have national health insurance, with Since this is an issue that I feel has considerable long-term South Africa being the other. Presently some 18 million implications for the public health of our nation, I have Americans — most of them poor or nearly poor — have no introduced a number of legislative proposals to rectify this health insurance at all; 19 million have health insurance inequity. However, as I have gone through the process of which does not protect them against ordinary costs of hospi- discussing what seems to me the obvious merits of these pro- talization and physician costs, and an additional 46 million posals with my colleagues in the Congress, it has become have inadequate insurance against large medical bills, in quite evident that the vast majority of our nation’s elected essence, some 80 million Americans are unprotected against officials simply are not aware of the significant contribu- devastating medical costs. Further, some 51 million Ameri- tions that the nonphysician health care providers have cans live in areas without sufficient access to health care, made. Moreover, they are especially uncomfortable about even if they could pay for it. discussing the complex and thorny issues surrounding men- In my judgment, the specter of ever-rising health care tal health. It is sad, but nevertheless true, that most of us in costs, especially in the face of inflation and overall limited the political arena do not think about health care until we or budgets, will be the most significant factor influencing the one of our loved ones feel ill. Then we go to our family phy- delivery of health care and the development of national sician to have him tell us what type of medication we might health insurance during the next decade. We will enact need. Clearly, there have been many technological and national health insurance for pragmatic financial reasons, therapeutic advances that suggest such a simplistic ap- and not necessarily because of any particular philosophical proach is no longer appropriate. For example, 1 personally commitment to the right to adequate health care. Today the United States spends more on health care than any other

Requests for reprints should be sent to the Honorable Daniel K. Inouye, nation in the world. Expenditures for health care — the 105 Russell Senate Office Building, Washington, DC 20510. nation’s third largest industry — rose at an average annual

8 /the Behavior Therapist

Reprinted from the Behavior Therapist, Volume 4, Number 3, pp. 8-10. rate of 12.7% for 1968-1978, and it is estimated that our tially deemed "necessary" will have an easier time justify- nation as a whole will spend between $225 and $250 billion ing their continued existence than will innovative "new" in 1981 alone on health care. These health expenditures now programs such as those training nurse practitioners or account for 9.1% of our Gross National Product, the high- health care psychologists. That is, unless the latter are also est in our nation’s history. The federal government cur- initially deemed to have professional parity, and a reader rently pays almost 40% of all health care expenditures, and should not naively assume that merely because his or her only National Defense, Interest on the National Debt, and services are "necessary" to a particular client, that the poli- Income Security programs command a larger share. tician will instinctively appreciate this. For example, during What I foresee with the enactment of National Health our deliberations last year on the Fiscal Year 1980 HUD and Insurance will, above all else, be a major policy shift away Independent Agencies Appropriations Bill, and again this from our current individually oriented, private practice year on their Fiscal Year 1981 Appropriations Bill, I had to model of thinking about health care. The federal govern- fight to restore a 21% reduction in psychology training ment will take a significantly more active role in establishing funds that had been recommended by the Veterans Admin- overall national priorities and also in defining minimal istration. Such a drastic cut, I might point out, was in spite standards of care. If we are successful in ensuring that all of the fact that a number of reports, including that of the categories of health care providers are accorded profes- President’s Commission on Mental Health, had empha- sional autonomy, then I am confident that innovative tech- sized the extent to which our nation’s Vietnam-era veterans niques and programs, such as those initiated by your reader- were especially in need of high quality mental health ser- ship, will thrive and flourish. Preventive, and various vices. Further, research on modern warfare conditions had consumer-oriented proposals, will be accorded their appro- shown that the largest percentage of casualties during any priate recognition, and as a result, their proportionate share conflict, approximately 30%, are mental or emotional. For of our limited health dollar will increase from the present your additional information, during our deliberations, the 2-4%. Similarly, we can expect increased attention to highest officials of the Veterans Administration opposed evaluation efforts. A concrete, but nevertheless highly sig- my efforts vigorously, in spite of the fact that since 1972, the nificant example: In the Surgeon General’s Report On psychology training allocation has remained at $4 million, Health Promotion And Disease Prevention, it was specifi- while the funding of medical resident positions had grown cally noted that cigarette smoking — which I consider defi- from $57 million to their 1981 request of $151 million. nitely to be within the control of each one of us — is the In my judgment, the key to the nonphysician’s ultimate largest single preventable cause of illness and premature status under national health insurance will be your success death in the United States. I further understand that cigar- in obtaining independent recognition under Medicare, Title ette smokers have a 70% greater rate of death from all XVIII of the Social Security Act. I say this for two reasons. causes than nonsmokers, and that tobacco is associated First, a purely pragmatic one. Medicare was enacted into with an estimated 320,000 premature deaths a year. More- public law in 1965, and our nation’s health care policy over, approximately 10 million Americans currently suffer makers now possess 15 years of experience in implementing from debilitating chronic diseases directly caused by smok- the program. Presently nearly 40 million Americans are ing. Scientists have also now demonstrated that a significant covered under Title XVIII, or its sister program, Title XIX portion of a smoker’s excess risk for heart disease dis- (Medicaid). Medicare is a nationwide health insurance pro- appears within two years of his or her quitting, and within gram of an entitlement nature in which the primary benefi- 10 to 15 years, an ex-smoker’s chances of early death from a ciaries are nearly every senior citizen 65 years or older. heart attack is no greater than that of someone who never Benefits under the program are uniform across the nation, smoked. My point is this: In this particular instance, we and one’s eligibility does not depend upon income or finan- really do know' what behavior changes by consumers would cial assets. You may ask, why should your readership be drastically improve the quality of their daily lives. Now we particularly interested in our nation's “senior citizen’’ pro- have to utilize our considerable scientific expertise to suc- gram. The reason is extremely simple: there is every likeli- cessfully implement these changes — and we know from hood that it will be the basis for national health insurance. past experiences, that this will not be easy. Yet the evidence Medicare is 100% federally funded. In essence, it is a mini is clear and unequivocal. Thb is the type of health program national health insurance for a rather large segment of our that 1 believe our nation’s nonphysician health care pro- population. When we already have one major federal providers would excel in developing. gram in place, one with nearly 15 years of in-house adminis- On the other hand, if we are not successful in obtaining trative expertise, why should the Congress seriously con- professional parity for our nonphysician health care pro- sider establishing another? Would it not be more logical to viders in the near future, I am afraid that it will be a very gradually expand the basic benefit package and the list of long time in coming. National health insurance will drasti- those who are entitled to its coverage? Perhaps this could be cally alter our current reimbursement mechanisms and also done by first enrolling all those under 21 years of age. 1 the underlying philosophy and federal support for all of our think that you can now see the long-term implications. If nation’s health provider training programs. I fully expect your professional discipline is considered an ancillary one that any subsequent proposed modifications will reason- under Medicare, I suggest that it will not be too long before ably be asked to "await a fair starting-up period" before you will find yourself legally deemed a "paraprofessional" being seriously considered. Change is always unsettling, regardless of the age of your client. Further, as truly na- and 1 can assure you that the impact of national health in- tional standards for quality of care are promulgated, it will surance will be a major change. Hard questions will be be a truly rare private insurance company that will not in- asked by our nation’s elected officials and health planners corporate them. such as: "Do we really need these particular training My second reason for stressing the importance of Medi- programs?”, etc. Clearly these professionals who are ini- care is a purely political one. National health insurance

Volume 4, Number 3/ 9 National Health Insurance (continued) that I have been urging be developed for the Social Security does, of course, relate to our nation's health programs. program; that only those health services that are safe, effec- However, even more than that, it relates to the financing of tive, and appropriate be reimbursable. Now it is up to you to health benefit programs. And that is the real key. The Con- take the time to educate your own elected officials as to the gressional committees that have jurisdiction over the Social specifics of your professional training and the types of clini- Security Act — the Senate Finance Committee and the cal services that you deliver. You have to sell your own case; House Ways and Means Committee — also will have juris- you have to convince the elected officials from your state diction over national health insurance. And if their mem- that Medicare is important to you, and to your clients. It bership believes that you are paraprofessionals, then I can would definitely be helpful if your senators would agree to assure you that it will be a very difficult battle to reverse that "co-sponsor" the various measures that I have introduced position. And once again, what does Medicare suggest during our present Congress, the relevant bills are: S. 123, about its present perceptions of your appropriate status? for the psychologists; S. 1238, for the nurses; and S. 2176 I do not wish to sound overly pessimistic about your ulti- for the social workers. Next session, I plan to combine these mate chances. In fact, I am actually quite optimistic. Over measures into one omnibus bill that would feature the term the past 5 years, I have personally been actively working to "qualified mental health professional." I have already ensure that there will be direct reimbursement for the clini- arranged for it to be designated Senate Bill 123. But the cal services of our nation’s psychologists, nurses, and social absolutely crucial issue is whether it is important enough to workers under Medicare. I am now convinced that your des- you to take the time to meet personally with your represen- tiny lies in your hands, and that, I believe, is how it should tatives. Now is the time for you to develop "grassroots" be. There is no question in my mind that your services are support for your eventual inclusion under national health necessary and in the best interest of our nation and that each insurance. If you wait too long, I am afraid that it will be of your professional disciplines can readily meet the test our nation as a whole that will suffer.

10 /the Behavior Therapist PDJ------

July 13, 1981

Kenton L. Burns , Ph. D. Clinical/Research Psychologist The Institute for Respiratory and Immune Diseases National Jewish Hospital and Research Center/National Asthma Center 1999 Julian Denver, Colorado 80204

Dear Dr. Burns:

I wish to acknowledge receipt of your thoughtful communication of July 2, 1981, and the enclosed copy of the paper that you recently had published entitled "Social Learning Theory and Behavioral Health Care".

Your kind words regarding my article are deeply appreciated and after reviewing your paper, it would appear that we do have very similar views regarding the importance of our nation's health care programs utilizing behavioral science techniques.

I found it especially interesting that your work was partially funded by the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, as during our recent deliberations on their Fiscal Year 1981 Supplemental and Rescissions bill, I had apspecial provision included in the accompanying Senate report directing that particular institute to give high priority to "behavioral medicine initiatives".

It is my personal view that it would very much be in our national interest if the National Institutes of Health would expend just a small portion of their current funding on truly preventive medicine/life style initiatives.

Aloha,

DANIEL K. INOUYE United States Senator

DKI:jmpl

NATIONAL JEWISH HOSPITAL 1999 JULIAN AND RESEARCH CENTER DENVER, COLORADO 80204 NATIONAL ASTHMA CENTER 303/458-1999

THE INSTITUTE FOR RESPIRATORY AND IMMUNE DISEASES

July 2, 1981

Daniel K. Inouye 105 Russell Senate Office Building Washington, D.C. 20510

Dear Senator Inouye:

I very much enjoyed reading your article "National Health Insurance - Your Destiny is in Your Hands'* published in the June 1981 edition of The Behavior Therapist. We seem only beginning to realize the multi- faceted nature of health and the kind of role psychologists and other professionals can play in bringing their perspectives to bear on these facets.

This has been an area of interest of mine for some time. Enclosed find a paper in which I discuss some similar thinking on the increased roles behavioral science can play in health care research and planning, and the concepts of social learning theory in particular.

Your continued representation of the interests of the health consumer and a broadened conception of health care in relation to public policy is very much appreciated.

Yours sincerely,

Kenton L. Burns, Ph.D. Clinical/Research Psychologist

KB/jk

enclosure 200 Pier Avenue Suite 22 Hermosa Beach California 90254 (213)372-5755

Rose-Marie Browning LICENSED MARRIAGE AMD FAMILY COUNSELOR

Fran Hill ADMINISTRATIVE COORDINATOR

June 19, 1981

Senator Daniel Inouye 105 Russell Senate Office Building Washington, D.C. 20510

Dear Senator Inouye:

After reading your article, National Health Insurance - Your Destiny Is In Your Own Hands, in "The Behavior Therapist," I was heartened by your interest in quality health care and your respect for the integrity of consumers and ’’health care practitioners of all disciplines." (My emphasis.) I was, however, dismayed that you later neglected to include Marriage and Family Counselors as a group of non-physician health care providers.

Divorce rates are now as high as 78% in some parts of this country. Divorce is considered one of the most stressful events a family can go through. Such severe stress too often leads to serious illness, depression, anger, suicide, homicide, truancy, alcoholism, and drug addiction. Marriage and Family Therapists can not only help troubled families through the adjustment process, we can sometimes even prevent unnecessary separation and divorce.

Marriage and Family Counselors are not paraprofessionals, we are highly trained professionals with advance degrees and licenses. I am enclosing a packet of materials that might further explain our position. Because of your interest in health care, I'm confident you’ll make the time needed to evaluate it.

Thank you for your time and interest.

Sincerely,

Rose-Marie Browning, M.F.C. South Bay Chapter

California Association of 952 Manhattan Beach Blvd. No. 250 Marriage and Family Counselors Manhattan Beach, Ca. 90266 (213) 546 2216

Dear,

Often in your practice, you are confronted with the emotional problems of your clients and patients, who may be frantically searching for advice and help. Licensed Marriage, Family and Child Counselors are now insurance care providers, for out-patient psychiatric treatment, on referral by M.D.'s. MFCC1s have a unique contribution to make in the treatment of marital, divorce and parent-child problems. The Calif- ornia Legislature has recognized this and has enabled those patients with insurance coverage to utilize the skills of Marriage and Family Counselors. Section 10176.

MFCC’s are the newest of the Mental Health professions. They provide a valuable treatment resource for individual, group and family psychotherapy at moderate cost.

As a member of the South Bay Chapter of the California Association of Marriage and Family Therapists, I want you to know about our low cost treatment and new insurance coverage. You will find a Brochure, as well as an Evaluation enclosed. Please call me if you have any questions.

Sincerely,

Referral Service and Speakers' Bureau 379-3146 SOUTH BAY CHAPTER CALIFORNIA ASSOCIATION OF MARRIAGE & FAMILY THERAPISTS 952 Manhattan Beach Blvd. No. 250 Manhattan Beach, CA 90266 Tel. 546-3633

EVALUATION

We would appreciate your comments on the enclosed presentation. Please fill out and return - or call.

Name Phone

Date

1. Was this presentationcarion ofor value to you? Yes No Comment:

2. Your overall rating for the presentation is:

10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Excellent Good Average Fair Poor

3. Did you already know about: The new law Yes No Our referral # Yes No Our Professional qualifications Yes No

4. Have you referred to MFC's in the past? Never Once A few times Frequently

Would vou be more likely to now? Yes No Comment:

5. Would you like more information regarding: Professional Qualifications How to make Referrals Insurance Coverage The New Law Other

Check here _____ . We will contact you.

Thank you for your evaluation. FOR PROFESSIONALS ONLY

distress signals in marriage and family relationships • Repetitive requests for tranquilizers, energizers, or sleeping aids.

• Concern about sexual problems or behavior.

• Sexual disturbances without physiological causes.

• Emotional distress when talking about distress signals spouse or children. in marriage • Constant complaints about fatigue that are not explainable. and • Reference to unexplainable financial family difficulties. relationships • Reference to frequent behavioral problems of children in home, neighbor- hood, or school.

• Complaint about loneliness or isolation.

• Unexplained injuries to spouse or children.

• Unexplained tears or low moods. the marriage make counselor’s a good objectives referral

• Know the professional to whom you refer the person. • Refer to specific counselors: their min- ister, a marriage and family counselor, or a psychiatrist. • Know the counselor's areas of interest or specialty, hours, and fees. • Change behavior that prevents marital satisfaction and growth of family rela- • When in doubt about the problem and tionships. what to do, ask for a few minutes of the counselor's time. • When possible, refer both husband and • Modify ineffective communication pat- wife together. This saves unnecessary terns. conflict between them. • Refer early at first signs of trouble. • Reduce marital conflict and tensions. Delay makes the problem worse as a general rule. • Sometimes it helps to let them use your • Assess future potentials of the marriage phone to make the first appointment and the family. with the counselor. • Obtain an information release from the • Prevent further psycho-social damage patient at the time you make the refer- to children and family. ral. This will save time and trouble. Don't exercise the release until requested by the patients. • Help couple develop adequate loving, • Find out how the referral works out. If sexual behavior and interaction. reaction is negative, suggest another professional. • Many do not know what will happen in the counseling situation. Tell them what you can about counseling. • Tell them that immediate results will be unlikely; it does take time. PR PDj------8-2 ARTICLES

August 4, 1981

Ms. Mary Ellen Brown Publications Coordinator Association for Advancement of Behavior Therapy 420 Lexington Avenue Mew York/ New York 10170

Dear Ms. Brown:

I wish to acknowledge receipt of your thoughtful communication of July 31, 1981, providing me with 50 reprints of my article which was published in RMB BEHAVIOR THERAPIST entitled "National Health Insurance -- Your Destiny Is In Your Hands".

Your thoughtfulness is deeply appreciated.

Aloha,

DANIEL K. INOUYE United States Senator

DKI:jmpl Association for Advancement of Behavior Therapy

Group for the Clinical Application of the Principles of Behavior Modification

420 Lexington Avenue • New York, N.Y. 10170 • (212) 682-0065

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

President G. Terence Wilson, Ph.D, President-Elect Rosemery 0. Nelson, Ph.D. Past-President Michel Hersen, Ph.D. Secretary-Treasurer July 31, 1981 Michael F. Cataldo, Ph.D. Representatives-at-Large Steven T. Fishman, Ph.D. ('83) Alan O. Ross, Ph.D. ('82) Eileen D. Gambrill, Ph.D. ('81) A ffiliates and Special Interest Daniel K. Inouye Groups Coordinator 105 Russell Senate Office Bldg Marian L. MacDonald, Ph.D. Washington, D.C. 20510 Continuing Education Chairperson Barry A. Edelstein, Ph.D. Finance Chairperson Dear tBT Contributor: Ronald S. Drabman, Ph.D. Membership Chairperson Daniel M. Doleys, Ph.D. Thank you for your manuscript which was published Nominations and Elections Chairperson in the last issue of the Behavior Therapist. Linda C. Sobell, Ph.D. Professional Consultation and Peer Review Chairperson We are pleased to enclose herewith 50 free reprints Dennis C. Russo, Ph.D. of your article. Program Chairperson Alan S. Bellack, Ph.D. Thank you for your support of AABT and its publications. Publications Board Chairperson Donald J. Levis, Ph.D. Publicity Chairperson Sincerely, Kelly D. Brownell, Ph.D.

EDITORS Behavior Therapy Alan E. Kazdin, Ph.D. Mary Ellen Brown Behavioral Assessment- Publications Coordinator Rosemery O. Nelson, Ph.D. the Behavior Therapist John R. Lutzker, Ph.D MEB/an Managing Editor enc. Rex Forehand, Ph.D.

PAST PRESIDENTS

Michel Hersen, Ph.D. David H. Barlow, Ph.D. Alan E. Kazdin, Ph.D. Todd R. Risley, Ph.D. Nathan H. Azrin, Ph.D. Richard B. Stuart, D.S.W. Gerald C. Davison, Ph.D. Joseph R. Cautela, Ph.D. Gerald R. Patterson, Ph.D. John Paul Brady, MJ). Leonard P. Ullmann, Ph.D. Arnold A. Lazarus, Ph.D. Joseph Wolpe, M.D. Cyril M. Franks, Ph.D.

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR Mary Jane Eimer

15th Annual Convention — Sheraton Centre, Toronto — November 12-15, 1981 Invited Special Feature

National Health Insurance—Your Destiny Is In Your Hands

Daniel K. Inouye, United States Senator, HI

As the Congress steadily evolves towards the enactment am quite aware of the evidence highlighting the safety and of a comprehensive National Health Insurance program, I efficacy of biofeedback therapy in particular. However, I am especially pleased to be able to report that at long last am afraid that most of my colleagues are simply not as well our nation’s nonphysician health care providers, and our informed. mental health professionals in particular, are becoming per- Undoubtedly, my interest in health care is substantially sonally involved in the political process. heightened by the fact that it was my lifelong ambition to be For a number of years now, I have advocated the position a physician, more particularly, a surgeon. I have always that if we truly desire to ensure that each of our citizens deeply respected the medical profession and especially its should have access to quality health care, then we must ability to assist those who are less fortunate. Prior to my develop and actively encourage a health care system that entering the Armed Forces in World War 11, I had com- has, as its underlying premise, respect for the integrity of menced my premedical courses at the university, but then our consumers and our health care practitioners of all disci- my war injuries made my dream a truly impossible one. Dur- plines. In doing so, we must ensure that each of our health ing my rather extensive rehabilitation program, 1 became care professions—whether it be medical or not—has the fascinated by the advances and technological improvements freedom to fully define the scope of its own practice and to in rehabilitation medicine in particular, and especially by make appropriate adjustments as new knowledge is ob- the extent to which the active participation of the patient tained. I am personally confident that each of our tradi- could make a significant difference in the course of therapy. tional disciplines—medicine, nursing, psychology, and Since then most of my experiences with medicine have been clinical social work—is quite capable of accepting this very as a patient, although from time to time I still do have the grave responsibility. Further, I am also confident that each opportunity to don my clinical robes and observe an actual has the maturity necessary for making those very difficult operation. So today I am addressing you as a friend, as one internal decisions that are required to protect the public who has himself benefited considerably from many of the from the few "bad apples" that every profession, including advances of medical science. I speak as one who in a very my own, possesses. Unfortunately, as we are all aware, the real and most personal sense, knows of the difference that nonphysician health care provider has traditionally not you as scientists and practitioners can make to our society. been accorded this opportunity, but instead has all-too- Since the days of President Harry Truman, our nation’s often been relegated to a position of being of ancillary or politicians have been discussing the pros and cons of paraprofessional status. This is true both under our major enacting national health insurance. Today, we find our- federal health programs and also under many of our private selves as one of the only two industrialized nations in the insurance plans. world that does not have national health insurance, with Since this is an issue that I feel has considerable long-term South Africa being the other. Presently some 18 million implications for the public health of our nation, I have Americans — most of them poor or nearly poor — have no introduced a number of legislative proposals to rectify this health insurance at all; 19 million have health insurance inequity, However, as I have gone through the process of which does not protect them against ordinary costs of hospi- discussing what seems to me the obvious merits of these pro- talization and physician costs, and an additional 46 million posals with my colleagues in the Congress, it has become have inadequate insurance against large medical bills. In quite evident that the vast majority of our nation’s elected essence, some 80 million Americans are unprotected against officials simply are not aware of the significant contribu- devastating medical costs. Further, some 51 million Ameri- tions that the nonphysician health care providers have cans live in areas without sufficient access to health care, made. Moreover, they are especially uncomfortable about even if they could pay for it. discussing the complex and thorny issues surrounding men- In my judgment, the specter of ever-rising health care tal health. It is sad, but nevertheless true, that most of us in costs, especially in the face of inflation and overall limited the political arena do not think about health care until we or budgets, will be the most significant factor influencing the one of our loved ones feel ill. Then we go to our family phy- delivery of health care and the development of national sician to have him tell us what type of medication we might health insurance during the next decade. We will enact need. Clearly, there have been many technological and national health insurance for pragmatic financial reasons, therapeutic advances that suggest such a simplistic ap- and not necessarily because of any particular philosophical proach is no longer appropriate. For example, I personally commitment to the right to adequate health care. Today the United States spends more on health care than any other

8 /the Behavior Therapist

Reprinted from the Behavior Therapist, Volume 4, Number 3, pp. 8-10. rate of 12.7% for 1968-1978, and it is estimated that our tially deemed "necessary" will have an easier time justify- nation as a whole will spend between $225 and $250 billion ing their continued existence than will innovative "new" in 1981 alone on health care. These health expenditures now programs such as those training nurse practitioners or account for 9.1 % of our Gross National Product, the high- health care psychologists. That is, unless the latter are also est in our nation’s history. The federal government cur- initially deemed to have professional parity, and a reader rently pays almost 40% of all health care expenditures, and should not naively assume that merely because his or her only National Defense, Interest on the National Debt, and services are "necessary" to a particular client, that the poli- Income Security programs command a larger share. tician will instinctively appreciate this. For example, during What I foresee with the enactment of National Health our deliberations last year on the Fiscal Year 1980 HUD and Insurance will, above all else, be a major policy shift away Independent Agencies Appropriations Bill, and again this from our current individually oriented, private practice year on their Fiscal Year 1981 Appropriations Bill, I had to model of thinking about health care. The federal govern- fight to restore a 21% reduction in psychology training ment will take a significantly more active role in establishing funds that had been recommended by the Veterans Admin- overall national priorities and also in defining minimal istration. Such a drastic cut, I might point out, was in spite standards of care. If we are successful in ensuring that all of the fact that a number of reports, including that of the categories of health care providers are accorded profes- President’s Commission on Mental Health, had empha- sional autonomy, then 1 am confident that innovative tech- sized the extent to which our nation’s Vietnam-era veterans niques and programs, such as those initiated by your reader- were especially in need of high quality mental health ser- ship, will thrive and flourish. Preventive, and various vices. Further, research on modern warfare conditions had consumer-oriented proposals, will be accorded their appro- shown that the largest percentage of casualties during any priate recognition, and as a result, their proportionate share conflict, approximately 30%, are mental or emotional. For of our limited health dollar will increase from the present your additional information, during our deliberations, the 2-4%. Similarly, we can expect increased attention to highest officials of the Veterans Administration opposed evaluation efforts. A concrete, but nevertheless highly sig- my efforts vigorously, in spite of the fact that since 1972, the nificant example: In the Surgeon General’s Report On psychology training allocation has remained at $4 million, Health Promotion And Disease Prevention, it was specifi- while the funding of medical resident positions had grown cally noted that cigarette smoking — which I consider defi- from $57 million to their 1981 request of $151 million. nitely to be within the control of each one of us — is the In my judgment, the key to the nonphysician’s ultimate largest single preventable cause of illness and premature status under national health insurance will be your success death in the United States. I further understand that cigar- in obtaining independent recognition under Medicare, Title ette smokers have a 70% greater rate of death from all XVIII of the Social Security Act. I say this for tw;o reasons. causes than nonsmokers, and that tobacco is associated First, a purely pragmatic one. Medicare was enacted into with an estimated 320,000 premature deaths a year. More- public law in 1965, and our nation’s health care policy over, approximately 10 million Americans currently suffer makers now possess 15 years of experience in implementing from debilitating chronic diseases directly caused by smok- the program. Presently nearly 40 million Americans are ing. Scientists have also now demonstrated that a significant covered under Title XVIII, or its sister program, Title XIX portion of a smoker's excess risk for heart disease dis- (Medicaid). Medicare is a nationwide health insurance pro- appears within two years of his or her quitting, and within gram of an entitlement nature in which the primary benefi- 10 to 15 years, an ex-smoker’s chances of early death from a ciaries are nearly every senior citizen 65 years or older. heart attack is no greater than that of someone who never Benefits under the program are uniform across the nation, smoked. My point is this: In this particular instance, we and one's eligibility does not depend upon income or finan- really do know what behavior changes by consumers would cial assets. You may ask, why should your readership be drastically improve the quality of their daily lives. Now we particularly interested in our nation's "senior citizen" pro- have to utilize our considerable scientific expertise to suc- gram. The reason is extremely simple: there is every likeli- cessfully implement these changes — and we know from hood that it will be the basis for national health insurance. past experiences, that this will not be easy. Yet the evidence Medicare is 100% federally funded. In essence, it is a mini is clear and unequivocal. This is the type of health program national health insurance for a rather large segment of our that I believe our nation's nonphysician health care pro- population. When we already have one major federal providers would excel in developing. gram in place, one with nearly 15 years of in-house adminis- On lhe other hand, if we are not successful in obtaining trative expertise, why should the Congress seriously con- professional parity lor our lionphysician health care pro- sider establishing another? Would it not be more logical to viders in the near future, I am afraid that it will be a very gradually expand the basic benefit package and the list of long time in coming. National health insurance will drasti- those who are entitled to its coverage? Perhaps this could be cally alter our current reimbursement mechanisms and also done by first enrolling all those under 21 years of age. I the underlying philosophy and federal support for all of our think that you can now see the long-term implications. If nation’s health provider training programs. I fully expect your professional discipline is considered an ancillary one that any subsequent proposed modifications will reason- under Medicare, I suggest that it will not be too long before ably be asked to "await a fair starting-up period" before you will find yourself legally deemed a "paraprofessional" being seriously considered. Change is always unsettling, regardless of the age of your client. Further, as truly na- and I can assure you that the impact of national health in- tional standards for quality of care are promulgated, it will surance will be a major change. Hard questions will be be a truly rare private insurance company that will not in- asked by our nation's elected officials and health planners corporate them. such as: "Do we really need these particular training My second reason for stressing the importance of Medi- programs?’", etc. Clearly these professionals who are ini- care is a purely political one. National health insurance

Volume 4, Number 3/ 9 National Health Insurance (continued) that I have been urging be developed for the Social Security does, of course, relate to our nation’s health programs. program; that only those health services that are safe, effec- However, even more than that, it relates to the financing of tive, and appropriate be reimbursable. Now it is up to you to health benefit programs. And that is the real key. The Con- take the time to educate your own elected officials as to the gressional committees that have jurisdiction over the Social specifics of your professional training and the types of clini- Security Act — the Senate Finance Committee and the cal services that you deliver. You have to sell your own case; House Ways and Means Committee — also will have juris- you have to convince the elected officials from your state diction over national health insurance. And if their mem- that Medicare is important to you, and to your clients. It bership believes that you are paraprofessionals, then I can would definitely be helpful if your senators would agree to assure you that it will be a very difficult battle to reverse that "co-sponsor" the various measures that I have introduced position. And once again, what does Medicare suggest during our present Congress, the relevant bills are: S. 123, about its present perceptions of your appropriate status? for the psychologists; S. 1238, for the nurses; and S. 2176 I do not wish to sound overly pessimistic about your ulti- for the social workers. Next session, I plan to combine these mate chances. In fact, I am actually quite optimistic. Over measures into one omnibus bill that would feature the term the past 5 years, 1 have personally been actively working to "qualified mental health professional." I have already ensure that there will be direct reimbursement for the clini- arranged for it to be designated Senate Bill 123. But the cal services of our nation’s psychologists, nurses, and social absolutely crucial issue is whether it is important enough to workers under Medicare. 1 am now convinced that your des- you to take the time to meet personally with your represen- tiny lies in your hands, and that, I believe, is how it should tatives, Now is the time for you to develop "grassroots" be. There is no question in my mind that your services are support for your eventual inclusion under national health necessary and in the best interest of our nation and that each insurance. If you wait too long, I am afraid that it will be of your professional disciplines can readily meet the test our nation as a whole that will suffer. SAMPLE ITEM APPROVAL ROUTING SLIP

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LIBRARY ITEM # premarital premarital distress counseling signals objectives

• Excessive concern about sexual adjust- • Assist the couple to assess their levels of ments. development and future potential for continued growth of self and the loved • Conflicting religious or cultural back- one. ground. • Reveal areas of stress and conflict for • Pre-marital conflicts over sex, values, careful evaluation and modification. etc. • Stimulate and develop spontaneous • History of emotional disturbance prior communication between the marriage to marriage. partners.

• Pre-marital pregnancy. • Provide information needed to develop the full love potential of each partner • A previous marital failure. in the relationship.

• A history of previous broken engage- • Prevent the possibility of unnecessary ments or being rejected by loved ones. grief and tragedy in the future marriage. • Apparent lack of sex knowledge, anxiety about sex or sexual examinations. • Resolve personality problems of the in- • Too close or too disant relationship dividuals of the future marriage. with same sex friends. • Provide adequate sex education; • A history of teenage conflicts with resolve sexual conflicts. parents which were unresolved. • Lay the “ground work” for the rearing • Excessive parental interference or ob- of healthy children. jection to marriage. • Assist the couple to reduce the possibili- • Apparent signs of immaturity in ty of alienation of in-laws and reduce psycho-social development. anxiety of separation from parents. a The California Association of Marriage and Family Counselors has been organized competent to advance the profession of marriage, counselor family and child counseling.

The fundamental objective of CAMFC is the establishment and maintenance of a code of professional ethics and high professional standards of practice within marriage and family counseling.

• is a professional Marriage, Family and CAMFC is dedicated to increasing Child Counselor. public awareness of the aims and objec- • is licensed by the State of California tives of marriage and family counselors; after having met rigid education and establishment of a qualified program of examination requirements. professional in-service training; and the furthering of professional communica- • is knowledgeable in areas of human tions between members and the public. growth and development, behavior, family dynamics and interaction and behavior.

• is skilled in counseling techniques and processes.

• is committed to the CAMFC code of ethics (or a similar one). the • is experienced — has served at least two years in a supervised internship California program. association • is an active member of a professional association serving marriage and fami- of marriage ly counselors. and • welcomes your inquiries about meth- odology, background and experience. family counselors The California Association of Marriage & Family Counselors

1660 Hotel Circle North Suite 624 San Diego, California 92108 (714) 297-7121

Compliments of: GTm------

June 5, 1981

Mr. Taylor Holmes Lawai, Hawaii 96765

Dear Mr. Holmes:

I recently came across your Forum article in THE GARDEN ISLAND, regarding citizen participation in government.

I thought I would drop you a note to let you know that I agree with several of the points you mentioned. In a representative democracy such as ours, it is vital that citizens inform their elected representatives--at all levels of government--of their thoughts, concerns and beliefs.

Enclosed is a legislative measure I introduced this session, which addresses this issue. I have also enclosed a copy of iay address at the McKinley High School Commence- ment exercises, in which you may be interested.

Aloha,

DANIEL K. INOUYE United States Senator

DKI:mcb Enclosure A right of the people We can change government if enough people care

To the Forum: washing to get us to toe the line and support its ac- what your government is doing. You can’t expect to So, we CAN CHANGE GOVERNMENT. What tivities. change government without knowing what they are most people lack is the knowledge how to go about Government, Nothing seems to evoke more Through advertising on TV and pressure from big doing. Read newspapers and government releases it and the motivation. If all the time and energy we varied emotional responses than the mention of agriculture business, both of which are influenced to stay informed (though keep in mind you are spent grumbling and complaining about the govern- that word. Untold millions of hours have been spent by government, we are told that a highly-processed probably getting a doctored view). Nothing can ment was spent DOING something about it, there arguing, complaining about, griping and criticizing and refined diet based mostly on meat is the best change negative aspects of government as exposing would be a change. the government. Just about everyone has an opin- for us. We are conditioned that money and material them to the general public. We all have power individually, but if we put all ion about government and his or her idea how it objects are the most important things in our lives. 4. Inform other people of what you know about the individual power together WE would have a should operate. Most people get their information All of these things (especially diet) tend to'keep government. Through my three year study of much stronger pressure against the government. about government from what they read in news- us centered in our conscious (defining) minds. With government I have found a whole multitude of Not only do we have the sum of everybody's power, papers, see on TV and hear on the radio. On this the result that we get further and further away things most people are not aware of. Not a day goes but if we all have one thought the crowd power will they base their ideas and reactions on what our from experiencing the other parts of our minds - by when I don’t tell someone something about increase GEOMETRICALLY because we amplify government does. the sub-conscious (memories, emotions, un- government that they didn’t know. You can do that each other’s thoughts. That is why large crowds . too. have always been feared throughout history and I have made a three year study of the U.S. defining) and super-consciousness (intuitive, 5. Petition and protest. These are two inalienable Government and, as a result, have learned a great telepathic, unlimited). law enforcement has spent so much money on rights we have. Write a petition about something deal about how our government really works and crowd control. The government will be more WHAT YOU CAN DO TO CHANGE GOVERN- you want changed and get as many signatures as who controls it. I assure you, it is not how it pre- responsive to a large lobbying pressure. With MENT you can. A politician is very aware that he is sents itself in the media. The government is enough people ANYTHING is possible! elected by voters and if a lot of these voters dis- presented to us how it thinks we should see it and is, There are many ways to influence government. I would like to end with a quote from our Declara- in no means, a true picture. In fact, it is frequently Here are some: agree with his stand or will not vote for him if he tion of Independence which is the basis of the doesn’t do something they request, it puts pressure opposite of what actually took place. What goes on United States Constitution — "that whenever any 1. Write letters. The pen does have power! By the on him to do as you request. behind the scenes hidden from the public eye Form of Government becomes destructive of these fact that so few people actually do write their Organize and attend protest marches. Get as reveals who is really in control of our nation. ends (the protection of Life, Liberty and Property), elected officials, a letter will have importance and MANY PEOPLE AS YOU CAN. The government it is the Right of the People to alter or abolish it and will most certainly be noticed. Especially one that Most people feel something should be "done" will be influenced much more by 1000 people than institute new government." is well-researched. A politician considers one letter about government and its oppressiveness and in- 100. Remember, THERE IS POWER IN Taylor Holmes to represent the view of 100 people, so you are ability to work. But most are at a loss as WHAT to NUMBERS. Lawai representing more than one person. Keep your let- do. They feel trapped, binded, powerless behind the 6. Don’t pay taxes. If you have the courage and ter direct, logical and to the point. Avoid any type monstrous brick wall of the government, and knowledge to do this step it can put pressure on the of derogatory statements or slander (unless you because of this . . . they don’t act. "What can one government and bring it back down to some can back it up with FACT). A public official listens person do?" is the most frequently heard reaction reasonable size. Realize that our government has more to a calm and logical letter than one full of to the suggestion that one stand up and do gone way out of bounds in its taxing power and the derogatory statements. (USPS 213-760) something about government. They feel they are power to tax involves the power to destroy. The first income tax took 2% of incomes from Printed & Published Monday, just one person and the government is too big to try I have sent several letters and post cards to Wednesday. Thursday & Friday to change. Senator Daniel Inouye on various subjects and to $500 to |6(XX) and 6% therafter, and was actually By KauaT Publishing Company declared unconstitutional twice by the Supreme 3137 Kuhlo Hwy... each one I received a personally typed letter stating Llhu'e, Hawsfl 96766 But just think what the millions of people with his view on the subject and thanking me for my let- Court because it was not apportioned equally Second class postage this attitude is doing. IT IS ENCOURAGING THE paid at Llhu'e, Hawal'l ter. among the population of the states. The income tax VERY THING PEOPLE ARE CONSTANTLY Publisher today can take anywhere from a MINIMUM of 20% JOHN M. UYENO COMPLAINING ABOUT. These people are He may not have agreed with me, but his to as much as 88 % of one’s income. It is STILL not Advertising defeating themselves. By not acting we are actively response assured me he WAS acknowledging my equally apportioned and therefore unconstitutional DAVID N. NODA condoning all the illegal and questionable activities letters and encourages me to write more. and illegal. SUBSCRIPTION RATES: of government. It must be realized that the govern- 2. Talk to a public official. That’s what he’s there The "graduated" or progressive income tax Carrier $3.75 per month. Mail Kaua‘1 $4.25 per month; ment wants us to feel this way, it wants us to be $50.00 per year for - to listen to us. Do a little research before you system of today is counterproductive to the passive and accept whatever it does without Mail State of Hawaii go, so you will feel confident when you are explain- American way of reward for hard work and in- questioning it or standing up and objecting. $4.75 per month; $55.00 per year ing your view. A politician is more impressed with genuity because the more you work and earn the The government has been in power for a long Mainland Ship Mail $5.75 per month; facts than your own opinion (though your opin- higher percentage of tax you must pay. The harder $65.00 per year time and has gotten very good at convincing people ion’s important, too). A public official spends a lot you work the less you get proportionately. You are it is necessary. By control of media (TV, radio, Postmaster: EST. 1904 of time maintaining his public appearance, so he being penalized for being productive. Send address changes to newspaper), education, our money and diet the Kauai Publishing Company will probably be happy to listen to you. Also, the graduated income tax is Plank 2 of the P.O. Box 231 government is practicing a subtle form of brain- 3. Attend government functions and stay aware of Communist Manifesto written by Karl Marx. Llhu'e, Hawal'l M7M VOL. 78 NO. 62 MONDAY, MAY 11,1081 PR PDj------3-2 ARTICLES

For THE BEHAVIOR THERAPIST

June 22, 1981

Professor Murray Wexler, Ph.D. Director, Division of Psychology and Allied Behavioral Sciences University of Southern California School of Medicine LAC/USC Medical Center 1934 Hospital Place Los Angeles, California 90033

Dear Professor Wexler:

I wish to acknowledge receipt of your thoughtful communication of June 17, 1981, requesting a reprint of my articledentitled "National Health Insurance -- Your Destiny Is In Your Hands", which recently appeared In The Behavior Therapist.

Unfortunately, I have not yet received any reprints; however, if I do receive sone, you may be assured that I shall provide you with one.

Aloha,

DANIEL K. INOUYE United States Senate

DKI:jmpl DEPARTMENT OF PSYCHIATRY AND THE BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

June 17, 1981

Honorable Daniel K. Inouye 105 Russell Senate Office Building Washington, DC 20510

Dear Senator Inouye:

I would very much appreciate it if you are able to send me 25 reprints of the article "National Health Insurance — Your Destiny Is In Your Hands" which recently appeared in The Behavior Therapist (Vol. 4, No. 3: 8-10).

Sincerely yours,

Murray Wexler, Ph. D. Professor

Director, Division of Psychology and Allied Behavioral Sciences

UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA SCHOOL OF MEDICINE LAC/USC Medical Center, 1934 Hospital Place, Los Angeles, California 90033 Invited Special Feature

National Health Insurance—Your Destiny Is In Your Hands Daniel K. Inouye, United States Senator, HI

As the Congress steadily evolves towards the enactment am quite aware of the evidence highlighting the safety and of a comprehensive National Health Insurance program, I efficacy of biofeedback therapy in particular. However, I am especially pleased to be able to report that at long last am afraid that most of my colleagues are simply not as well our nation’s nonphysician health care providers, and our informed. mental health professionals in particular, are becoming per- Undoubtedly, my interest in health care is substantially sonally involved in the political process. heightened by the fact that it was my lifelong ambition to be For a number of years now, 1 have advocated the position a physician, more particularly, a surgeon. I have always that if we truly desire to ensure that each of our citizens deeply respected the medical profession and especially its should have access to quality health care, then we must ability to assist those who are less fortunate. Prior to my develop and actively encourage a health care system that entering the Armed Forces in World War II, I had com- has, as its underlying premise, respect for the integrity of menced my premedical courses at the university, but then our consumers and our health care practitioners of all disci - my war injuries made my dream a truly impossible one. Dur- pH nes. In doing so, we must ensure that each of our health ing my rather extensive rehabilitation program, I became care professions—whether it be medical or not—has the fascinated by the advances and technological improvements freedom to fully define the scope of its own practice and to in rehabilitation medicine in particular, and especially by make appropriate adjustments as new knowledge is ob- the extent to which the active participation of the patient tained. 1 am personally confident that each of our tradi- could make a significant difference in the course of therapy. tional disciplines—medicine, nursing, psychology, and Since then most of my experiences with medicine have been clinical social work—is quite capable of accepting this very as a patient, although from time to time I still do have the grave responsibility. Further, I am also confident that each opportunity to don my clinical robes and observe an actual has the maturity necessary for making those very difficult operation. So today I am addressing you as a friend, as one internal decisions that are required to protect the public who has himself benefited considerably from many of the from the few "bad apples" that every profession, including advances of medical science. I speak as one who in a very my own, possesses. Unfortunately, as we are all aware, the real and most personal sense, knows of the difference that nonphysician health care provider has traditionally not you as scientists and practitioners can make to our society. been accorded this opportunity, but instead has all-too- Since the days of President Harry Truman, our nation’s often been relegated to a position of being of ancillary or politicians have been discussing the pros and cons of paraprofessional status. This is true both under our major enacting national health insurance. Today, we find our- federal health programs and also under many of our private selves as one of the only two industrialized nations in the insurance plans. world that does not have national health insurance, with Since this is an issue that I feel has considerable long-term South Africa being the other. Presently some 18 million implications for the public health of our nation, I have Americans — most of them poor or nearly poor — have no introduced a number of legislative proposals to rectify this health insurance at all; 19 million have health insurance inequity. However, as I have gone through the process of which does not protect them against ordinary costs of hospi- discussing what seems to me the obvious merits of these pro- talization and physician costs, and an additional 46 million posals with my colleagues in the Congress, it has become have inadequate insurance against large medical bills. In quite evident that the vast majority of our nation’s elected essence, some 80 million Americans are unprotected against officials simply are not aware of the significant contribu- devastating medical costs. Further, some 51 million Ameri- tions that the nonphysician health care providers have cans live in areas without sufficient access to health care, made. Moreover, they are especially uncomfortable about even if they could pay for it. discussing the complex and thorny issues surrounding men- In my judgment, the specter of ever-rising health care tal health. It is sad, but nevertheless true, that most of us in costs, especially in the face of inflation and overall limited the political arena do not think about health care until we or budgets, will be the most significant factor influencing the one of our loved ones feel ill. Then we go to our family phy- delivery of health care and the development of national sician to have him tell us what type of medication we might health insurance during the next decade. We will enact need. Clearly, there have been many technological and national health insurance for pragmatic financial reasons, therapeutic advances that suggest such a simplistic ap- and not necessarily because of any particular philosophical proach is no longer appropriate. For example, I personally commitment to the right to adequate health care. Today the United States spends more on health care than any other Requests for reprints should be sent to the Honorable Daniel K. Inouye, nation in the world. Expenditures for health care — the 105 Russell Senate Office Building, Washington, DC 20510. nation’s third largest industry — rose at an average annual

8 /the Behavior Therapist

Reprinted from the Behavior Therapist, Volume 4, Number 3, pp. 8-10. rate of 12.7% for 1968-1978, and it is estimated that our tially deemed "necessary" will have an easier time justify- nation as a whole will spend between $225 and $250 billion ing their continued existence than will innovative "new" in 1981 alone on health care. These health expenditures now programs such as those training nurse practitioners or account for 9.1 % of our Gross National Product, the high- health care psychologists. That is, unless the latter are also est in our nation’s history. The federal government cur- initially deemed to have professional parity, and a reader rently pays almost 40% of all health care expenditures, and should not naively assume that merely because his or her only National Defense, Interest on the National Debt, and services are "necessary" to a particular client, that the poli- Income Security programs command a larger share. tician will instinctively appreciate this. For example, during What I foresee with the enactment of National Health our deliberations last year on the Fiscal Year 1980 HUD and Insurance will, above all else, be a major policy shift away Independent Agencies Appropriations Bill, and again this from our current individually oriented, private practice year on their Fiscal Year 1981 Appropriations Bill, I had to model of thinking about health care. The federal govern- fight to restore a 21% reduction in psychology training ment will take a significantly more active role in establishing funds that had been recommended by the Veterans Admin- overall national priorities and also in defining minimal istration. Such a drastic cut, I might point out, was in spite standards of care. If we are successful in ensuring that all of the fact that a number of reports, including that of the categories of health care providers are accorded profes- President’s Commission on Mental Health, had empha- sional autonomy, then I am confident that innovative tech- sized the extent to which our nation’s Vietnam-era veterans niques and programs, such as those initiated by your reader- were especially in need of high quality mental health ser- ship, will thrive and flourish. Preventive, and various vices. Further, research on modern warfare conditions had consumer-oriented proposals, will be accorded their appro- shown that the largest percentage of casualties during any priate recognition, and as a result, their proportionate share conflict, approximately 30%, are mental or emotional. For of our limited health dollar will increase from the present your additional information, during our deliberations, the 2-4%. Similarly, we can expect increased attention to highest officials of the Veterans Administration opposed evaluation efforts. A concrete, but nevertheless highly sig- my efforts vigorously, in spite of the fact that since 1972, the nificant example: In the Surgeon General’s Report On psychology training allocation has remained at $4 million, Health Promotion And Disease Prevention, it was specifi- while the funding of medical resident positions had grown cally noted that cigarette smoking — which I consider defi- from $57 million to their 1981 request of $151 million. nitely to be within the control of each one of us - is the In my judgment, the key to the nonphysician’s ultimate largest single preventable cause of illness and premature status under national health insurance will be your success death in the United States. I further understand that cigar- in obtaining independent recognition under Medicare, Title ette smokers have a 70% greater rate of death from all XVIII of the Social Security Act. I say this for two reasons. causes than nonsmokers, and that tobacco is associated First, a purely pragmatic one. Medicare was enacted into with an estimated 320,000 premature deaths a year. More- public law in 1965, and our nation’s health care policy over, approximately 10 million Americans currently suffer makers now possess 15 years of experience in implementing from debilitating chronic diseases directly caused by smok- the program. Presently nearly 40 million Americans are ing. Scientists have also now demonstrated that a significant covered under Title XVIII, or its sister program, Title XIX portion of a smoker's excess risk for heart disease dis- (Medicaid). Medicare is a nationwide health insurance pro- appears within two years of his or her quitting, and within gram of an entitlement nature in which the primary benefi- 10 to 15 years, an ex-smoker’s chances of early death from a ciaries are nearly every senior citizen 65 years or older. heart attack is no greater than that of someone who never Benefits under the program are uniform across the nation, smoked. My point is this: In this particular instance, we and one’s eligibility does not depend upon income or finan- really do know what behavior changes by consumers would cial assets. You may ask, why should your readership be drastically improve the quality of their daily lives. Now we particularly interested in our nation’s "senior citizen" pro- have to utilize our considerable scientific expertise to suc- gram. The reason is extremely simple: there is every likeli- cessfully implement these changes — and we know from hood that it will be the basis for national health insurance. past experiences, that this will not be easy. Yet the evidence Medicare is 100% federally funded. In essence, it is a mini is clear and unequivocal. This is the type of health program national health insurance for a rather large segment of our that I believe our nation's nonphysician health care pro- population. When we already have one major federal providers would excel in developing. gram in place, one with nearly 15 years of in-house adminis- On lhe other hand, if we are not successful in obtaining trative expertise, why should the Congress seriously con- professional parity lor our nonphysician health care pro- sider establishing another? Would it not be more logical to viders in the near future, I am afraid that it will be a very gradually expand the basic benefit package and the list of long time in coming. National health insurance will drasti- those who are entitled to its coverage? Perhaps this could be cally alter our current reimbursement mechanisms and also done by first enrolling all those under 21 years of age. I (he underlying philosophy and federal support for all of our think that you can now see the long-term implications. If nation's health provider training programs. I fully expect your professional discipline is considered an ancillary one that any subsequent proposed modifications will reason- under Medicare, I suggest that it will not be too long before ably be asked to "await a fair starting-up period" before you will find yourself legally deemed a “paraprofessional” being seriously considered. Change is always unsettling, regardless of the age of your client. Further, as truly na- and 1 can assure you that the impact of national health in- tional standards for quality of care are promulgated, it will surance will be a major change. Hard questions will be be a truly rare private insurance company that will not in- asked by our nation’s elected officials and health planners corporate them. such as: "Do we really need these particular training My second reason for stressing the importance of Medi- programs?", etc. Clearly these professionals who are ini- care is a purely political one. National health insurance

Volume 4, Number 3/ 9 National Health Insurance (continued) that I have been urging be developed for the Social Security does, of course, relate to our nation's health programs. program; that only those health services that are safe, effec- However, even more than that, it relates to the financing of tive, and appropriate be reimbursable. Now it is up to you to health benefit programs. And that is the real key. The Con- take the time to educate your own elected officials as to the gressional committees that have jurisdiction over the Social specifics of your professional training and the types of clini- Security Act — the Senate Finance Committee and the cal services that you deliver. You have to sell your own case; House Ways and Means Committee — also will have juris- you have to convince the elected officials from your state diction over national health insurance. And if their mem- that Medicare is important to you, and to your clients. It bership believes that you are paraprofessionals, then I can would definitely be helpful if your senators would agree to assure you that it will be a very difficult battle to reverse that "co-sponsor" the various measures that I have introduced position. And once again, what does Medicare suggest during our present Congress, the relevant bills are: S. 123, about its present perceptions of your appropriate status? for the psychologists; S. 1238, for the nurses; and S. 2176 1 do not wish to sound overly pessimistic about your ulti- for the social workers. Next session, I plan to combine these mate chances. In fact, I am actually quite optimistic. Over measures into one omnibus bill that would feature the term the past 5 years, I have personally been actively working to "qualified mental health professional." I have already ensure that there will be direct reimbursement for the clini- arranged for it to be designated Senate Bill 123. But the cal services of our nation's psychologists, nurses, and social absolutely crucial issue is whether it is important enough to workers under Medicare. I am now convinced that your des- you to take the time to meet personally with your represen- tiny lies in your hands, and that, I believe, is how it should tatives. Now is the time for you to develop "grassroots" be. There is no question in my mind that your services are support for your eventual inclusion under national health necessary and in the best interest of our nation and that each insurance. If you wait too long, I am afraid that it will be of your professional disciplines can readily meet the test our nation as a whole that will suffer. SENATOR:

This is the copyright form for the article that you did for Behavior Therapist pat Association for Advancement of Behavior Therapy

Group for the Clinical Application of the Principles of Behavior Modification 420 Lexington Avenue • New York, N.Y. 10170 • (212) 682-0065

February 19, 1981

BOARD OF DIRECTORS President G. Terence Wilson. Ph.D. President- Elect Roseinery 0. Nelson. Ph.D. Past-President The Honorable Daniel K. Inouye Michel Hersen, Ph.D. 105 Russell Senate Office Building Secretary- Treasurer Washington, D.C. 20510 Michael F. Cataldo, Ph.D. Representatives-at-large RE: Ms#005-81 Steven T. Fishman, Ph.D. (’83) Dear Senator Inouye: Alan 0. Ross, Ph.D. ('821 Eileen D. Gambrill, Ph.D. (’81) Affiliates and Special Interest Please sign the enclosed copyright release form and return Groups Coordinator it to my office. Beginning with the July/August 1979 issue, Marian L. MacDonald, Ph.D. the Behavior Therapist was protected by copyright and, there- Continuing Education Chairperson Barry A. Edelstein. Ph.D. fore, our editorial offices require that the copyright Finance Chairperson for each manuscript be assigned to AABT at the time of Ronald S. Drabman. Ph.D. submission. Membership Chairperson Daniei M. Doleys. Ph.D. Nominations and Elections Chairperson Thank you for your interest and support of the Behavior Linda C. Sobell. Ph.D. Therap1st. Professional Consultation and Peer Review Chairperson Dennis C. Russo, Ph.D. Sincerely, Program Chairperson Alan S. Bellack, Ph.D, Publications Board Chairperson Donald J. Levis. Ph.D. Publicity Chairperson John R, Lutzker, Ph.D. Kelly D. Brownell. Ph.D. Editor the Behavior Therapist EDITORS Rehabilitation Institute Behavior Therapy Alan E. Kazdin, Ph.D. Southern Illinois University Behavioral Assessment Carbondale, IL 62901 Rosemery O. Nelson, Ph.D. the Behavior Therapist John R. Lutzker, Ph.D JRL/ccb Managing Editor Rex Forehand. Ph.D.

PAST PRESIDENTS Michel Hersen, Ph.D. David H. Barlow, Ph.D, Alan E. Kazdin. Ph.D. Todd R. Risley, Ph.D. Nathan H. Azrin, Ph.D. Richard B. Stuart, D.S.W. Gerald C. Davison. Ph.D. Joseph R. Cautela, Ph.D. Gerald R. Patterson. Ph.D. John Paul Brady. M.D. Leonard P. Ullmann, Ph.D. Arnold A. Lazarus. Ph.D. Joseph Wolpe. M.D. Cyril M. Franks, Ph.D.

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR Mary Jane Eimer

15th Annual Convention — Sheraton Centre, Toronto — November 12—15, 1981 Association for Advancement of Behavior Therapy

Group for the Clinical Application of the Principles of Behavior Modification

420 Lexington Avenue • New York, N.Y. 10017 • (212) 682-0065

BOARD OF DIRECTORS COPYRIGHT RELEASE FORM

President David H. Barlow, Ph.D.

President-Elect Manuscript Title: National Health Insurance— Your Destiny Michel Hersen, Ph.D. Is In Hands

Past-President Alan E. Kazdin, Ph.D. Manuscript Number: 0.01=81 Secretary-Treasurer Rosemery O. Nelson, Ph.D.

epresentativesR at Large Authors: Daniel K. Inouye Eileen D. Gambrill, Ph.D. (’81) G. Terence Wilson. Ph.D. 1'80) Michael J. Mahoney, Ph.D. (*79)

affiliates and Special Interest Croups oordmator Marian L. MacDonald. Ph.D. "I hereby confirm the assignment of all copyrights in and to ontinuingC Education Chairperson Richard Heinrich, M.D. the manuscript named above in all forms and media to Association

inanceF Chairperson for Advancement of Behavior Therapy effective if and when it is Richard B. Stuari. D.S.W. accepted for publication by Association for Advancement of

Membership Chairperson Behavior Therapy. (For U.S. government employee authors, this Sheldon D. Rose, Ph.D. provision applies only to the extent to which copyright is trans- Professional Consultation and ferable.) I also confirm that the manuscript contains no Peer Review Chairperson Todd R. Risley, Ph.D. material the publication of which would violate any copyright or other personal or proprietary right of any person or entity, Program Chairperson Laura Schreibman. Ph.D. and I acknowledge that Association for Advancement of Behavior

Publications Board Chairperson Therapy is relying on this letter inpublishing this manuscript." W. Stewart Agras, M.D.

Publicity Chairperson Alan S. Bellack, Ph.D.

COMMITTEE CHAIRPERSONS

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Arrangements C. Barr Taylor, M.D. orninationsN and Elections Date Name (and title if not author) Robert P. Liberman. M.D.

Editor, the Behavior Therapist Michael F. Cataldo, Ph.D.

EDITOR. BEHAVIOR THERAPY Alan E. Kazdin. Ph.D. The release is to be signed by at least one of the authors (who

ASTP PRESIDENTS has obtained the assent of the others, if any). In the case of Alan E. Kazdin, Ph.D. a "work made for hire" (a work prepared by an employee within Todd R. Risley, Ph.D. the scope of his/her employment or commissioned as a work for Nathan H. Azrin, Ph.D. Richard B. Stuart. D.S.W. hire under a written agreement), an authorized representative of Gerald C. Davison, Ph.D. the employer should sign. Joseph R. Cautela, Ph.D. Gerald R, Patterson, Ph.D. John Paul Brady, M.D. PLEASE NOTE: Manuscripts cannot be processed for publication Leonard P. Ullmann, Ph.D. until the Publisher has received this signed form. If the Arnold A. Lazarus, Ph.D. Joseph Wolpe. M.D. manuscript is not published by Association for Advancement of Cyril M. Franks. Ph.D. Behavior Therapy, this letter will not take effect.

XECUTIVEE DIRECTOR Elizabeth Attn Kovacs, CAE PR PDj------8-2 ARTICLES

May 15, 1981

Drs. Beatrice and Philip Kalisch History and Politics of Nursing The University of Michigan 609 East Liberty Street Ann Arbor, Michigan 48108

Dear Drs. Kalisch:

I wish to acknowledge receipt of your recent letter. Your kind words are deeply appreciated and I was most pleased that you thought of asking Senator Inouye to develop a foreward for your book.

The Senator very much does have a soft spot in his heart for our nation’s nurses.

Aloha,

PATRICK II. DE LEON Executive Assistant

PHD:jmpl HISTORY AND POLITICS OF NURSING

609 East Liberty Street Ann Arbor, Michigan 48108 Telephone (313) 764-7550

THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN

May 6, 1981

Patrick DeLeon Executive Assistant 105 Russell Senate Office Building Washington, D.C. 20510

Dear Mr. DeLeon:

We were troubled to learn that you never received the letter of thanks we sent out last week. Enclosed is a copy of that letter, and with it we send our apologies for the delay and our thanks once again.

Sincerely,

Dr. Beatrice J. Kalisch, R.N., F.A.A.N. Titus Professor of Nursing and Chairperson, Parent-Child Nursing

Dr. Philip A. Kalisch Professor of History and Politics of Nursing

BJK:PAK:dmv April 24, 1981

Patrick DeLeon Executive Assistant 105 Russell Senate Office Building Washington, D.C. 20510

Dear Mr. DeLeon:

We have just received your Introduction to our book and we think you have done a tremendous job! We especially applaud your emphasis on the need for nurses to begin to act as professionals and to demand the rights and responsibilities that professional status conveys. The challenge you present to nurses and nurse educators to take the initiative In developing politically adept leaders is also well stated. Your kind comments concerning the quality, propriety, and timeliness of the book are also appreciated.

The Introduction clearly took a great deal of time and effort, and we are most appreciative. We could not be more pleased with the finished product and will send you a copy of the book as soon as it 1s published. Thank you very much aoain.

Sincerely,

Dr. Beatrice J. Kalisch, R.N., F.A.A.N. Titus Professor of Nursing and Chairperson, Parent-Child Nursing

Dr. Philip A. Kalisch Professor of History and Politics of Nursing

BJK:PAK:dmv pdj ------

January 29, 1981

Dr. Beatrice J. Kalisch History and Politics of Nursing The University of Michigan 609 East Liberty Street Ann Arbor, Michigan 48108

Dear Dr. Kalisch:

I wish to acknowledge receipt of your thoughtful communication of January 21, 1981.

We have now received a copy of your forthcoming publication entitled "The Politics of Nursing". From a preliminary review, it does Indeed seem most impressive.

I look forward to meeting with you personally on February 13, 1981.

Aloha,

PATRICK H. DE LEON Executive Assistant PHD:jmpl HISTORY AND POLITICS OF NURSING 609 East Liberty Street Ann Arbor, Michigan 48108 Telephone (313) 764-7550

THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN

January 21, 1981

Patrick De Leon Executive Assistant to Senator Daniel K. Inouye 105 Russell Senate Office Building Washington, D.C. 20510

Dear Mr. De Leon:

Under separate cover we have sent you a copy of our book "The Politics of Nursing". Thank you for reviewing it and giving consideration to writing the introduction. We are sending along a copy of our vitaes also.

Also we wanted to thank you for helping our student over the past 2 to 3 years. We have often referred them to you (as you probably know) to provide data re: reimbursement and other issues. We hope this hasn't been too much of an inconvenience.

I look forward to seeing you on February 13th at 2 p.m.

Sincerely,

Dr. Beatrice J. Kalisch, R.N. Titus Professor of Nursing and Chairperson, Parent-Child Nursing

BJK:dmv SENATOR:

Attached is a draft Foreward for the book Politics of Nursing. The book was really excellent.

pat FOREWARD TO BOOK BY U.S. SENATOR DANIEL K. INOUYE April 13, 1981

In many ways, the publication Politics of Nursing is extraordinarily timely. As a nation, we are unfortunately about to commence a journey under the banners of "cost consciousness" and "balancing the budget" that I am afraid will be unlike any other that we have ever experienced in modern times. It is quite possible, if not probable, that before we are through, most of the heralded programs of the

Kennedy-Johnson era, or the Great Society, will have been systematically dismantled; the good along with the bad, the effective as well as the ineffective. Even today, we know that upwards of some 18 million Americans have no health insurance coverage at all, that 19 million have health insurance which does not protect them against ordinary costs of hospitalization and physician expenses, and that an additional 46 million of our citizens have inadequate insurance against large medical bills. Further, some 51 million Americans today live in areas without sufficient access to health care, even if they could pay for it. Yet, at the same time, as a nation we spend more on health care than any other country in the world. Health care is our third largest industry and its costs continue to escalate faster than any other segment of our economy.

For all of the rhetoric that we hear today about the inherent advantages of a competitive-oriented system, it is most unfortunate, in my judgment, that no one has really begun - 2 -

to address what I personally consider to be the single most important issue -- the true potential contribution of our nation's alternative health care providers, and especially the nurse practitioner/clinical specialist to our overall health care system. If we are to develop a truly competitive system, we must be consistent and actively encourage the utilization of competitive providers.

If we are ever to seriously curtail our ever-escalating we medical costs, and realistically/no longer have any alternative, then we must begin to think in terms of delivering comprehensive health care, and not merely medical care. To do so, we must take a serious look at enhancing "Wellness", as well as responding to incidents of "sickness". We must modify our current reliance upon our

traditional notions of health care. Instead, we must now systematically begin to address those barriers in our

system that have hindered both the training and the autonomous practice of our nation's professional nurses. We must strive to provide appropriate regulatory flexibility

to ensure that those professionals who desire to practice

autonomously, whether in hospitals or birthing centers, or on an out-patient basis, can in fact do so. We must ensure that they have the legal right to admit their patients; write appropriate nursing orders, including prescriptions;

and possess viable career and reimbursement mechanisms to enhance their productivity and professionalism. The approach - 3 -

that I have outlined is by no means fostered by our current system. However, I am confident that my objective is very definitely in the best interest of our nation, especially the consumer.

To accomplish the goals that I have suggested, it will, without question, take considerable energy and dedication. Above everything else, this will require our nation's professional nurses and perhaps more importantly, their patients, to become politically active. In essence, the nursing profession will have to enter the 20th Century. The Politics of Nursing is in one word, an excellent handbook, or a primer if you will, for political action by our nation's practitioners. It is indeed a most timely document, as we are entering a new political era. Generations to come will be directly affected by whether the nursing profession will seriously heed the lessons proffered by the Kalisches. In reviewing this report, it is quite evident that the authors expended considerable energy in providing a comprehensive review for the profession. I chose the term "report" purpose- fully for that is exactly what this extraordinary document is. It is not only an intimate description of the history and chronology of nursing's efforts in the past in the legislative arena, but if one takes the time to look just a little behind the many described events and focus instead upon the personalities and personal orientations of the principals involved, - 4 -

it becomes abundantly clear why our nation's professional nurses have had such an uphill struggle. It also becomes

clear what they must do in the future. As I indicated earlier,

this is a handbook for political action. The authors do not

purport to lead their colleagues by the hand, but through presenting distinct example after example, they clearly

demonstrate not only why the nursing profession must become more actively involved in the political process, but also how they teach - their colleagues to be successful. The highly concise and yet effective glimpses that are provided of the profession's advocates in action -- their successes

and even their frustrations -- are inspiring. Yet, in my mind, one issue kept coming up: why did it always seem that either a physician or an economist was the primary spokesperson

for the Administration regarding nursing issues? Why have

not a sufficient number of professional nurses been promoted

to non-clinical leadership positions, for example, in the area

of developing health care policy on both the state and federal level? Why hasn't the nursing profession utilized the true extent of their potential political power? Two basic but key additional questions also readily come to mind. First, do our

nation's nurses really want to be true professionals -- are they willing to accept and, if necessary, to demand both the

responsibility and prerogatives of power and authority? A second and closely related question is whether our nation's Schools of Nursing are really committed to training professional - 5 -

nurses to be capable of accepting policy leadership roles?

Is there any serious institutional support for the development of a true cadre of professional nurses?

Although from the title and a brief review of the table of contents, a reader might presume that Politics of Nursing focuses exclusively upon "nursing issues", in fact, everything discussed in the text is really quite pertinent to our nation’s health care system as a whole. As I reviewed each chapter, I could not help but think that one could readily substitute

"optometrist", "clinical psychologist", "pharmacist", or for that matter any other non-medical discipline. The issues and arguments are essentially the same. The fundamental questions are who will control our nation's health care system: the consumer or organized medicine? As a society, are we going to continue to spend seemingly endless dollars maintaining the status quo, on fancy and admittedly highly impressive technology?

Or, will we instead finally place a high priority on true preventive and psycho-social endeavors? Will we, for example, begin to finally address ways to reduce the many "bad habits" that we know are the major causes of death in our society today -- smoking, poor diets, lack of sleep, lack of exercise, excessive stress, etc. To cite a concrete example: alcoholism is the fourth largest killer in our society today. It is a major In problem even in our nation s high schools. /over half of the highway accidents that result in fatalities, where young drivers - 6 -

are involved,someone has been drinking. It also leads to

numerous incidents of family violence. Yet, the record must

show that our present commitment to alcohol treatment and

prevention programs is miniscule at best, and this is a target

for one of the first major budget reductions proposed.

Another example, presently our nursing home expenditures alone represent 8 percent of our total health care dollar, and further,

is the single fastest growing expense item. Yet, again, what does the record show we are doing in response? In my judgment, our

nation's professional nurses are without question the most appropriate discipline to address the pressing needs of our

elderly. Nurse clinicians are superbly trained in both the psycho-social and the physiological aspects of care. Our

elderly demonstrate major problems in both of these areas, but

with appropriate intervention, we have demonstrated that they can live meaningful lives. History will unfortunately show that

once again, we have not provided sufficient financial incentives

on either the state or federal level, to our nation's Schools of Nursing or to our nursing homes. Why hasn't the Health Care

Financing Administration (HCFA) provided support for developing special "Teaching Nursing Homes" on an experimental basis?

These would be similar to the traditional "Teaching Hospitals" that have been the mainstay of our nation's medical schools. Similarly, why hasn't HCFA funded special demonstration "birthing centers" for those nursing schools that specialize in developing popular certified nurse-midwives? - 7 -

Even in these days of "cost consciousness" and extreme budgetary constraints, I am confident that the vast majority of my colleagues in our state and federal legislatures would sincerely share my enthusiasm for these approaches. But as the authors vividly point out, politics is more than fancy ideas, no matter how good they might intuitively seem. Politics in a real sense is the people who take the time to participate. These are generally very dedicated individuals who are doing their best to respond to highly complex demands, often of a contradictory nature. There is no question in my mind that, especially today, we need more individuals in politics who, from their own experiences, can personally appreciate the many fine contributions that our nation's nurses can make, if only they would be given the opportunity. But again, this is exactly a major point expressed in Politics of Nursing. Nursing will only be accorded this "opportunity", if they begin to truly act as professionals and as a result demand the rights and responsibilities due their professional expertise. It is our nursing profession that must take the leadership and identify and then modify those aspects of the law that discriminate against them. It is they who must care enough about their patients to become politically active. As a nation, we unfortunately have very short memories. As a people, we are especially quick to forget those who have in the past unselfishly contributed to our nation's greatness. This trait is truly one of our greatest weaknesses and, - 8 -

accordingly, I was especially pleased to see the time expended by the authors in reviewing the contributions of some of the true giants of nursing. Individuals such as Pearl McIver and

Lucile Petry of the Public Health Service have made major

contributions to the profession that many of us have simply never been aware of before. Every day on my way to our nation's Capitol, I pass one particular federal building and marvel at the insightfulness of what is carved in stone on its

face: "The past is prologue for the future". This is so true, yet so many of us will never appreciate its significance. I

sincerely hope that our nation's nurses will learn from the

lessons of their mentors. PDj------

January 23, 1981

Professors Beatrice J. and Philip A. Kalisch The University of Michigan History and Politics of Mursing 609 East Liberty Street Ann Arbor, Michigan 48108

Dear Professors Kalisch:

I wish to acknowledge receipt of your thoughtful communication of January 20, 1981, inviting me to write an introduction for your forthcoming publication entitled "Politics of Nursing". Your kind words regarding my efforts on behalf of our nation’s nursing profession are most appreciated, and I would be most pleased to do a forward for your publication.

Aloha,

DANIEL K. INOUYE United States Senator M:jmpl HISTORY AND POLITICS OF NURSING 609 East Liberty Street Ann Arbor, Michigan 48108 Telephone (313) 764-7550

THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN

January 20, 1981

Patrick H. DeLeon Executive Assistant to Senator Daniel K. Inouye 105 Russell Senate Office Building Washington, D.C. 20510 Dear Mr. DeLeon,

Enclosed is a copy of the manuscript of Politics of Nursing which we are sending as requested. Please let us know if there are any questions, as the book is going to press as soon as we make last minute revisions in light of the organization of the 97th Congress and the advent of the Reagan administration.

We do hope that it will be possible for Senator Inouye to write an introduction to this work, as he has extended himself more on behalf of more effective nursing services than anyone else in Congress.

Sincerely,

Beatrice J. Kalisch, Ed.D., F.A.A.N. Shirley C. Titus Professor of Nursing and Chairperson, Parent-Child Nursing

Philip A. Kalisch, Ph.D. Professor of History and Politics of Nursing

BJK-PAK:ch

Enclosure PD j------

December 9, 1980

Professors Beatrice and Phillip Kalisch History and Politics of Nursing The University of Michigan 609 East Liberty Street Ann Arbor, Michigan 48108 Dear Professors Kalisch:

I wish to acknowledge receipt of your most thoughtful communication of November 25, 1980, regarding my willingness to be of assistance in the development of your forthcoming book. Your kind words are deeply appreciated.

For your information, during our deliberations on the Fiscal Year 1981 Appropriations Bill for the Department of Defense's CHAMPUS program, I was able to have the present experimental direct reimbursement project continued for another year. Aloha,

DANIEL K. INOUYE United States Senator DKI:jmpl HISTORY AND POLITICS OF NURSING

609 East Liberty Street Ann Arbor, Michigan 48108 Telephone (313) 764-7550

THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN

November 25, 1980

Senator Daniel K. Inouye 105 Russell Senate Office Building Washington, DC 20510

Dear Senator Inouye:

We wanted to thank you for obtaining the photograph we requested for possible inclusion in our new book, The Politics of Nursing, which is being published by J.B. Lippincott in early 1981.

The nursing profession is indebted to you for your consistent and much needed support in the political arena. Your willingness to contribute to the completion of The Politics of Nursing is a mark of the careful attention you have given to important issues in health. Thank you again for your assistance.

Sincerely.

Dr. Beatrice J. Kalisch, R.N. Shirley C. Titus Professor of Nursing and Chairperson, Parent-Child Nursing

Dr. Phillip A. Kalisch Professor of Nursing Research

BJK:PAK:vs PDJ------

January 13, 1981

Professors Philip A. Kalisch and Beatrice J. Kalisch History and Politics of Nursing The University of Michigan 609 East Liberty Street Ann Arbor, Michigan 48108

Dear Professors Kalisch:

On behalf of Senator Inouye, who is currently out of the office, I wish to acknowledge receipt of your thoughtful communication of January 7, 1981, inviting the Senator to write a brief introduction for your forthcoming book entitled "The Politics of Nursing". Please be assured that I shall bring your invitation to the Senator’s personal attention upon his return to the office. In the meantime. I would suggest that it would be appropriate for you to forward a copy of your manuscript so that the Senator might review it.

Aloha,

PATRICK h. DE LEON Executive Assistant

PHD:jmpl HISTORY AND POLITICS OF NURSING

609 East Liberty Street Ann Arbor, Michigan 48108 Telephone (313) 764-7550

THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN January 7, 1981

Senator Daniel K. Inouye 105 Russell Senate Office Bldg. Washington, DC 20510

Dear Senator Inouye:

We have just completed a book entitled "The Politics of Nursing" which will be published by the J.P. Lippincott Company within the next few months. It covers such topics as concepts of power and politics, the policy process, the legislative process, women and politics and the political mobilization of nurses. The enclosed table of contents further describes the scope of the work.

We are writing to ask if you would be willing to write a brief introduction for this volume. Your record of supporting legislation to advance nursing services, education and research is unparalleled in Congress, and we feel that you would be the ideal public-figure to author this introduction.

If you are agreeable in further considering this possibility, we will forward a copy of the manuscript to you. We would also be able to assist in the drafting of the introduction if you so desire.

We look forward to hearing from you and thank you once again for your efforts on behalf of nursing.

Sincerely

Philip Kalisch, Ph.D. Professor of History and Politics of Nursing

Beatrice J. Kalisch, Ed.D., F.A.A.N. Titus Professor of Nursing and Chairperson, Parent-Child Nursing

PAK-BJK/ss Enclosure CONTENTS

CHAPTER PAGE

I Power: The Fundamental Concept...... 1

II Politics: The Authoritative Allocation of Scarce Resources...... 44

III The Policy Process...... 91

IV The Nation's Health Care System ...... 138

V Toward a National Health Policy ...... 191

VI Development of Federal Nursing Education Policy ...... 242

VII Key Federal Health Agencies ...... 290

VIII The Legislative Process: Authorizations...... 328

IX The Legislative Process: Appropriations...... 384

X Political Participation ...... 419

XI Women and Politics...... 481

XII Interest Groups and Lobbying...... 522

XIII Political Mobilization...... 580

APPENDICES......

BIBLIOGRAPHY ...... CURRICULUM VITAE OF

PHILIP A. KALISCH

Address: University of Michigan Phone: (313) 764-7550 (office) School of Nursing (313) 429-2857 (home) History and Politics of Nursing 609 E. Liberty Street Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109

A. EDUCATION

B.S., Social Science, University of Nebraska, 1963 M.A., History, University of Nebraska, 1964 Ph.D., History, The Pennsylvania State University, 1967 Postdoctoral Study, History of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, 1967-1968

B. EXPERIENCE

1963- 1964 Intern in History, University of Nebraska.

1964- 1965 Instructor of History and Social Science, Northwest Missouri State University.

1965- 1966 Instructor of History, The Pennsylvania State University.

1969-1971 Assistant Professor of Social Science and Director of the Interdisciplinary Social Science Program, West Texas State University.

1971-1974 Associate Professor of History, Director of the Inter- disciplinary Social Science Program, and Co-Principal Investigator, National Institutes of Health research grant to study the Impact of the United States Cadet Nurse Corps on the American Nursing Profession, University of Southern Mississippi.

1974-1978 Associate Professor of Nursing Research and Co-Principal Investigator, Bureau of Health Manpower, Division of Nursing grants and contracts to study various aspects of the History and Politics of Nursing, University of Michigan.

1977-1979 Adjunct Associate Professor of Nursing, Wayne State University,College of Nursing, Detroit, Michigan.

1979 (summer) Visiting Distinguished Professor, University of Alabama, College of Nursing, Birmingham, Alabama. SUHVHQW 3URIHVVRURI+LVWRU\DQG3ROLWLFVRI1XUVLQJDQG&R 3ULQFLSDO,QYHVWLJDWRU%XUHDXRI+HDOWK0DQSRZHU'LYLVLRQ RI1XUVLQJJUDQWVDQGFRQWUDFWVWRVWXG\YDULRXVDVSHFWVRI WKH+LVWRU\DQG3ROLWLFVRI1XUVLQJ8QLYHUVLW\RI0LFKLJDQ

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&R3ULQFLSDO,QYHVWLJDWRU1XUVLQJ,QYROYHPHQWLQ+HDOWK3ODQQLQJ$ZDUGHG IRUWKHSHULRG0D\6HSWHPEHUE\WKH+HDOWK5HVRXUFHV $GPLQLVWUDWLRQ'LYLVLRQRI1XUVLQJ&RQWUDFW1XPEHU+5$ (4) Co-Principal Investigator, "The Popular Image of the Nurse in the Mass Media." Awarded for the period April 1, 1977 - April 1, 1980 by the Health Resources Administration, Bureau of Health Manpower, Division of Nursing, Grant Number Nil 00579.

F. BOOKS AND REPORTS

(1) Philip A. Kalisch and Beatrice J. Kalisch. The Advance of American Nursing (Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1978), 750 pp.

(2) Philip A. Kalisch and Beatrice J. Kalisch. Nursing Involvement in Health Planning (Washington: Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, 1978), 156 pp.

(3) Philip A. Kalisch and Beatrice J. Kalisch. From Training to Education: The Impact of Federal Aid on Schools of Nursing in the United States during the 1940s. Final Report of NIH Grant NU 00443, 1974, 1691 pp.

(4) Philip A. Kalisch and Beatrice J. Kalisch. Nurturer of Nurses: A History of the Division of Nursing of the U.S. Public Health Service and its Antecedents, 1798-1977. Final Report of PHS Research Contract N01-NU-44129, 1977, 1251 pp.

(5) Philip A. Kalisch and Beatrice J. Kalisch. Politics of Nursing (Philadelphia: Lippincott, in press).

G. COURSES CURRENTLY TEACHING

(1) History and Politics of Nursing (Nursing 543)

(2) Nursing in Rural and Inner City America (Nursing 561)

(3) Political Nursing and Policy Formation (Nursing 643)

(4) Perspectives in Nursing (Nursing 321)

(5) Research Strategies (Nursing 630) H. ARTICLES

(1) Philip A. Kalisch and Harry Hutton. "Thomas Davidson's Influence on Educational Historiography," History of Education Quarterly, VI (Winter, 1966), pp. 79-87.

(2) Philip A. Kalisch. "So You Want to be a College History Professor," The History Teacher, III (May, 1970), pp. 58-63.

(3) Philip A. Kalisch. "The Woebegone Miners of Wyoming: A History of Coal Mine Disasters in the Equality State," The Annals of Wyoming, XLII (October, 1970), pp. 237-242.

(4) Philip A. Kalisch. "Ordeal of the Oklahoma Coal Miners: Coal Mine Disasters in the Sooner State, 1886-1945," The Chronicles of Oklahoma, XLVIII (Autumn, 1970), pp. 331-340.

(5) Philip A. Kalisch. "An Appeal for Public School Archives," The Clearing House, XL (May, 1971), p. 562.

(6) Philip A. Kalisch. "Coal Mine Disasters at Red Lodge," Montana Parade (February, 1971), p. 2.

(7) Philip A. Kalisch. "High Culture on the Frontier: The Omaha Library Association," Nebraska History, LII (Winter, 1971), pp. 410-417.

(8) Philip A. Kalisch. "Death Down Below: Coal Mine Disasters in Three Illinois Counties, 1904-1962," Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society, LXV (Spring” 1972), pp. 4-21.

(9) Philip A. Kalisch. "Plague and Politics in Chinatown: The San Francisco Plague War of 1900-1904," Arizona and the West, XIV (Summer, 1972), pp. 113-136.

(10) Philip A. Kalisch and Beatrice J. Kalisch. "Charnel Houses of the Frontier: Disease and Sickness among the Troops at Forts Smith, Gibson, Towson, Wayne, Washita, and Arbuckle, 1839 to 1855," The Chronicles of Oklahoma, L (Spring, 1972), pp. 65-81.

(11) Philip A. Kalisch. "The Strange Case of John Early: A Study in the Stigma of Leprosy," International Journal of Leprosy, XLIX (November 3, 1972), pp. 291-305.

(12) Philip A. Kalisch. "Those Strange Spots: The History of the Early Fight Against Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever," Montana: The Magazine of Western History, XXIII (Spring, 1973), pp. 45-55. (13) Beatrice J. Kalisch and Philip A. Kalisch. "The Girl with a Future: The Publicity and Advertising Campaign of the U.S. Cadet Nurse Corps," Nursing Outlook, XXI (July, 1973), pp. 444-449.

(14) Beatrice J. Kalisch and Philip A. Kalisch. "The Women's Draft: An Analysis of the Controversy Over the Nurses' Selective Service Bill of 1945," Nursing Research, XXII (September-October. 1973), pp. 402-413.

(15) . Philip A. Kalisch. "Tracadie and Penikese Leprosaria: A Comparative Historical Analysis of Societal Response to Leprosy in New Brunswick (1844-1880) and Massachusetts.. (1904-1921)," Bui 1 etin of the History of Medicine, XLVII (September-October, 1973), pp. 480-512.

(16) Philip A. Kalisch. "Federal Reaction to the Leprosy Problem in the United States, 1889-1920: A Study in Stigma," Louisiana Studies: An Interdisciplinary Journal of the South, XII (Fall, 1973), pp. 489-531.

(17) Beatrice J. Kalisch and Philip A. Kalisch. "Congress Copes with the Nurse Shortage, 1941-1971: Dynamics of Congressional Nurse Education Policy Formulation," Proceedings of Ninth Annual American Nurses' Association Research Conference (Kansas City: American Nurses' Association, 1974), pp. 317-377.

(18) Philip A. Kalisch. "An Overview of Research on the History of Leprosy: Part I. From Celsus to Simpson, Circa. 1 A.D. to 1845, and Part II. From Virchow to Moller-Christensen, 1845-1974," International Journal of Leprosy, XLIII (April-June, 1975), pp. 129-144.

(19) Beatrice J. Kalisch and Philip A. Kalisch. "Slaves, Servants, or Saints? An Analysis of the System of Nurse Training in the United States, 1873-1948," Nursing Forum, XIV (Autumn, 1975), pp. 222-263.

(20) Philip A. Kalisch. "Heroines of '98: Female Army Nurses in the Spanish American War," Nursing Research, XXIV (November-December, 1975), pp. 411-429.

(21) Beatrice J. Kalisch and Philip A. Kalisch. "The U.S. Cadet Nurse Corps and World War II," American Journal of Nursing, LXXVI (February, 1976), pp. 240-242.

(22) Philip A. Kalisch and Beatrice J. Kalisch. "Untrained But Undaunted: The Women Nurses of the Blue and the Gray," Nursing Forum, XV (Spring, 1976), pp. 4-33. (23) Beatrice J. Kalisch and Philip A. Kalisch. "A Discourse on the Politics of Nursing," Journal of Nursing Administration, VI (March-April, 1976), pp. 29-34. Reprinted in: Congressional Record (April 2, 1976), pp. E1781 - E1783.

(24) Philip A. Kalisch. "How Army Nurses Become Officers: One Bar on a Shoulder Strap is Worth Two Regulations in a Book," Nursing Research, XXV (May-June, 1976), pp. 164-177.

(25) Beatrice J. Kalisch and Philip A. Kalisch. "Is History of Nursing Alive and Well?" Nursing Outlook, XXIV (June, 1976), pp. 362-369.

(26) Philip A. Kalisch and Beatrice J. Kalisch. "Nurses Under Fire: The World War II Experience of Nurses on Bataan and Corregidor," Nursing Research, XXV (November-December, 1976), pp. 409-429.

(27) Beatrice J. Kalisch and Philip A. Kalisch. "An Analysis of the Sources of Physician-Nurse Conflict," Journal of Nursing Administration, VII (January, 1977), pp. 50-57.

(28) Philip A. Kalisch and Beatrice J. Kalisch, "Lighting the Lamp of Higher Learning in Nursing," Imprint, XXIV (February, 1977), pp. 20-22 plus 28, 55, and 56-57.

(29) Philip A. Kalisch and Beatrice J. Kalisch. "Political Dynamics," in: Ann Marriner (editor). Current Perspectives in Nursing Management. (St. Louis: C.V. Mosby, 1978).

(30) Philip A. Kalisch. "Weavers of Scientific Patient Care: Development of Nursing Research in the U.S. Armed Forces," Nursing Research, XXVI (July-August, 1977), pp. 253-271.

(31) Beatrice J. Kalisch, Philip A. Kalisch, and Mary McHugh. "Content Analysis of Film Stereotypes of Nurses," International Journal of women's studies, In press.

(32) Beatrice J. Kalisch, Philip A. Kalisch, and Jacqueline Clinton. "How the Public Sees Nurse Midwives: 1978 News Coverage of Nurse Midwifery in the Nation's Press," Journal of Nurse Midwifery, Vol. XXV, (July-August, 1980), pp. 31-39.

(33) Beatrice J. Kalisch and Philip A. Kalisch. "Communicating Clinical Nursing Issues to the Public Through the News Media," Nursing Research, in press.

(34) Beatrice J. Kalisch, Philip A. Kalisch, and Jacqueline Clinton. "Minority Nurses in the News," Nursing Outlook, in press.

(35) Beatrice J. Kalisch, Philip A. Kalisch, and Jacqueline Clinton. "An Analysis of News Flow on the Nation's Nurse Shortage," Medical Care, in press. I. SCHOLARLY PAPERS

(1) Philip A. Kalisch. "A Parable of Three Branch Libraries: A Social and Historical Analysis of the Waterfront Branches of the Enoch Pratt Free Library, Baltimore, Maryland," presented at the Fourth Triennial Library History Seminar, Tallahassee, Florida, February 26, 1971.

(2) Philip A. Kalisch. "The Black Death in Chinatown: Plague and Politics in San Francisco, 1900-1904," presented at the 13th Annual Meeting of the Western Social Science Association, Fort Collins, Colorado, May 7, 1971.

(3.) Philip A. Kalisch. "Those Strange Spots: History of the Early Fight Against Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever," presented at the 14th Annual Meeting of the Western Social Science Association, Salt Lake City, Utah, April 28, 1972.

(4) Philip A. Kalisch. "Tracadie and Penikese Leprosaria: A Comparative Historical Analysis of Societal Response to Leprosy in New Brunswick, 1844-1880 and Massachusetts, 1904-1921," presented at the 45th Annual Meeting of the American Association for the History of Medicine, Montreal, Quebec, May 4, 1972.

(5) Philip A. Kalisch. "Federal Reaction to the Leprosy Problem in the United States, 1889-1920: A Study in Stigma," presented at the 87th Annual Meeting of the American Historical Association, New Orleans, Louisiana, December 28-30, 1972.

(6) Beatrice J. Kalisch and Philip A. Kalisch. "Congress Copes with the Nurse Shortage, 1941-1971 : Dynamics of Congressional'Nurse Education Policy Formulation," presented at the Ninth Annual American Nurses Association Research Conference, San Antonio, Texas, March 23, 1973.

(7) Philip A. Kalisch. "The Women’s Draft: An Analysis of the Controversy over the Nurses' Selective Service Bill of 1945," presented at the 15th Annual Meeting of the Western Social Science Association, Laramie, Wyoming, April 27, 1973.

(8) Philip A. Kalisch. "From Rudolph Virchow to Vilhelm Moller-Christensen: An Analysis of the 125 Years of Leprosy Historiography," presented at the Tenth International Leprosy Congress, Bergen, Norway, August 13-18, 1973, as part of the Armauer Hansen Centenary, 1873-1973, under the patronage of His Majesty King 01 av V.

(9) Philip A. Kalisch. "Angels of Mercy for Wounded Warriors: The Development of Professional Nursing in the Medical Department of the U.S. Army, 1860-1918," presented at the 16th Annual Meeting of the Western Social Science Association, El Paso, Texas, April 25-27, 1974. (10) Philip A. Kalisch. "Up from the Depths: An Analysis of the Evolving Medical Approach to Leprosy During the 18th and 19th Centuries," presented at the Congressus International is XXIV. Historiae Artis Medicinae, Budapest, Hungary, August 25-31, 1974.

(11) Beatrice J. Kalisch and Philip A. Kalisch. "From Training to Education: The Impact of Federal Aid on Schools of Nursing in the 1940's," presented to the staff of the Division of Nursing and invited guests, U.S. Public Health Service, Bethesda, Maryland, January 19, 1974.

(12) Philip A. Kalisch. "Good Girls and Bad Nursing: An Historical Analysis of the System of Nurse Training in the United States, 1873-1948," presented at the 18th Annual Missouri Valley History Conference, Omaha, Nebraska, March 7, 1975.

(13) Philip A. Kalisch and Beatrice J. Kalisch. "The Impact of War on Nursing, 1776-1976: A Study in Historical Sociology," presented at the Third Annual Council of Nurse Researchers Meeting, Hollywood, Florida, August 21, 1975.

(14) Philip A. Kalisch. "The Effect of Federal Aid on Nursing Education in the United States: A Forty Year Overview," presented at the Eighth Annual Meeting of the American Hospital Association Assembly of Hospital Schools of Nursing, Chicago, Illinois, October 23-24, 1975.

(15) Philip A. Kalisch. "Historical Perspectives: Nurses' Participation in Primary Health Care," presented at the Alabama League for Nursing, 24th Annual Convention, Birmingham, Alabama, April 1, 1976.

(16) Philip A. Kalisch. "Nurses, Immigrants, and City Slums," presented at the Center for Humanities and Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, February 3, 1977.

(17) Philip A. Kalisch and Beatrice J. Kalisch. "Nurturer of Nurses: A History of the Division of Nursing of the U.S. Public Health Service and its Antecedents, 1793-1977," presented to the staff of the Division of Nursing, U.S. Public Health Service, College Park, Maryland, April 12, 1977.

(18) Philip A. Kalisch, Beatrice J. Kalisch and Rosemarie Rowney. "The Public Image of the Nurse," presented at the National League for Nursing Biennal Convention, Atlanta, Georgia, May 3, 1979.

(19) Philip A. Kalisch and Beatrice J. Kalisch. "Advancing Nursing Research through Politics" presented at the State of Michigan Sigma Theta Tau, Annual Research Symposium, Ann Arbor, Michigan, May 5, 1979.

(20) Philip A. Kalisch and Beatrice J. Kalisch. "Images of the Nurse," presented at the University of Alabama, School of Nursing, Birmingham, Alabama, July 10, 1979. (21) Philip A. Kalisch and Beatrice J. Kalisch. "Nurse Edith Cavell: A Study in Courage," presented at the Sigma Theta Tau Annual Initiation Meeting, Birmingham, Alabama, July 12, 1979.

(22) Philip A. Kalisch and Beatrice J. Kalisch. "The Mass Media and Its Impact on Nursing," presented at the University of Alabama, School of Nursing, Birmingham, Alabama, July 24, 1979.

(23) Philip A. Kalisch and Beatrice J. Kalisch. "The Impact of the Media on Nursing Shortage," presented at a conference, "Where Have All The Nurses Gone and Why," sponsored by the Chicago Nurses' Association and the Chicago Hospital Association, Chicago, Illinis, October 11 , 1979.

(24) Philip A. Kalisch and Beatrice J. Kalisch. "Images of Nurses," presented at Mercy Hospital, Chicago, Illinois, February 7,.1980.

(25) Philip A. Kalisch and Beatrice J. Kalisch. "The Public Image of the Nurse in Newspapers and Television," presented at Mt. Sinai, Chicago, Illinois, March 10, 1980.

(26) Philip A. Kalisch and Beatrice J. Kalisch. "Nurse’s Image: How Can It be Improved?" presented at Northwestern Hospital, Chicago, Illinois, March 11, 1980.

(27) Philip A. Kalisch and Beatrice J. Kalisch. "The Image of the Npw s in the Nation’s Newspapers," presented at the Sigma Theta Tau, Writer's Workshop, Ann Arbor, Michigan, May 23, 1980.

(28) Philip A. Kalisch and Beatrice J. Kalisch. "The Rise and Fall of the Image of the Nurse in Motion Pictures," presented at the American Nurses' Association Convention, Houston, Texas, June 12, 1980. J. COMMUNITY SERVICE TALKS, LECTURES, SEMINARS

(1) Philip A. Kalisch and Beatrice J. Kalisch. "Sociological History and American Nursing: A Study of the Role of Nurses in War," presented at the 1975 Convention of the Michigan Nurses' Association, Lansing, Michigan, October 15-16, 1975, and at the Michigan Student Nurses' Convention, October 15, 1975, Lansing, Michigan.

(2) Philip A. Kalisch and Beatrice Kalisch. "Political Influences on Nursing," presented to the faculties of Harper, Mercy, Henry Ford, and Grace Hospital Schools of Nursing, Detroit, Michigan, April 19, 1976.

(3) Philip A. Kalisch. "Reflections from the Past — Directions for the Future," presented at the Detroit District of the Michigan Nurses' Association, Annual Meeting, Detroit, Michigan, June 16, 1976.

(4) Beatrice J. Kalisch and Philip A. Kalisch. "Historical Perspectives on Primary Nursing: Full Circle," presented at the Michigan Nurses' Association Conference on Primary Nursing, Lansing, Michigan, June 24, 1976.

(5) Philip A. Kalisch and Beatrice J. Kalisch. "Nursing Leaders: The Past 100 Years," presented at the Michigan State University, School of Nursing, Lansing, Michigan, September 19, 1976.

(6) Beatrice J. Kalisch and Philip A. Kalisch. "Politics and Nursing: Strange But Necessary Bedfellows," presented at the Washtenaw District Nurses’ Association, Ann Arbor, Michigan, November 15, 1976.

(7) Philip A. Kalisch. "Overview of History of Nursing," presented at Eastern Michigan University, School of Nursing, Ypsilanti, Michigan, October 15, 1976.

(8) Philip A. Kalisch. "Historical Perspectives on Nursing Research," presented at Washtenaw-Livingston District, Michigan Nurses' Association Workshop, Ann Arbor, Michigan, March 25, 1977.

(9) Philip A. Kalisch. "Origins of Primary Care in Nursing," presented at Michigan State University, Lansing, Michigan, April 4, 1977.

(10) Beatrice J. Kalisch and Philip A. Kalisch. "Nursing's Historical Involvement in Primary Care," presented at the University of Michigan, Student Nurses' Association, February, 1977. (11) Philip A. Kalisch. "Lillian Wald, Margaret Sanger, and the Birth of Public Health Nursing," presented to the Student Nurses' Association, Mercy College, Detroit, Michigan, April 15, 1977.

(12) Philip A. Kalisch and Beatrice J. Kalisch. "The Development of the Expanded Role for Nurses, 1893-1977," presented to students at the University of Alabama, Huntsville, April 18, 1977.

(13) Philip A. Kalisch. "The V.A. Verdict: Implications for the Image of Nurses and Nursing," presented at the Sigma Theta Tau and District 51 Michigan Nurses' Association program on "The V.A. Verdict: Implications for Nursing Practice," January 17, 1978. K. BOOK REVIEWS

(1) Review of Edwin M. Epstein, The Corporation in American Politics (Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 1969) in Library Journal, XCIV (October 15, 1969), p. 3654.

(2) Review of Fairfax M. Cone, With All Its Faults: A Candid Account of Forty Years in Advertising (New York: Little, Brown, 1969) in Library Journal, XCIV (November 1 , 1969), p. 3999.

(3) Review of Joseph G. Knapp, The Rise of American Cooperative Enterprise: 1620-1920 (Danville, Illinois: Interstate Press, 1969) in Library Journal, XCV (November 15, 1969) p. 4135.

(4) Review of Paton Yoder, Taverns and Travelers: Inns of the Early Midwest (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1969) in Journal of the West, IX (January, 1970), pp. 147-148.

(5) Review of Richard Crabb, Birth of a Giant: The Men and Incidents that Gave America the Motorcar (New York": Chilton? 1969) in Library Journal, XCV (January 15, 1970), p. 154.

(6) Review of William F. McDonald, Federal Relief Administration and the Arts (Columbus, Ohio: Ohio State University Press, 1969) in Library Journal, XCV (January 15, 1970), p. 156.

(7) Review of Philip J. Greven, Jr., Four Generations: Population, Land, and Family in Colonial Andover, Massachusetts (Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press, 1970) ir? The Annals of Political and Social Science, CCCLXXXVIII (March, 1970), p. 158.

(8) Review of John Hutchinson, The Imperfect Union: A History of Corrup- tion in American Trade Unions (New York: Dutton, 1970) in Library Journal, XCV (March 1 , 1970), p. 896.

(9) Review of Joy J. Jackson, New Orleans in the Gilded Age (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State Universit.y Press, 1969) in Southwestern His- torical Quarterly, LXXIII (April, 1970), p. 573.

10) Review of Vincent P. Carosso, Investment Banking in America: A History (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1970) in Library Journal, XCV (April 1 , 1970), p. 1361.

11) Review of Thomas Farrington De Voe, The Market Book: A History of the Public Markets of the City of New York (New York: Augustus M. Kelley, 1970) in Choice, VIII (June, 1971), p. 586. (12) Review of Fortune Editors, The Conglomerate Commotion (New York: Viking Press, 1970) in Library Journal, XCV (June 1, 1970), p. 2127.

(13) Review of Raymond M. Taylor and Samuel W. Taylor, Uranium Fever of No Talk Under $1,000,000 (New York: Macmillan, 1970) in Library Journal, XCV (June 1, 1970), p. 2151.

(14) Review of Peter Hilton, Planning Corporate Growth and Diversification (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1970) in Library Journal, XCV (June 15, 1970), p. 2254.

(15) Review of William H. Rudy, The Foundations: Their Use and Abuse (Washington, D.C.: Public Affairs Press, 19 70) in Library Journal, XCV (June 15, 1970), p. 2246.

(16) Review of David G. McComb, Houston: The Bayou City (Austin: The University of Texas Press, 1969) in Western Historical Quarterly, I (July, 1970), pp. 336-337.

(17) Review of James. S. McLachlan, American Boarding Schools: An Historical Study (New York: Scribner's, 1970) in Library Journal, XCV (July, 1970), p. 2467.

(18) Review of Philip Osborne and Editors of Business Week, The War lhat Business Must Win (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1970) in Library Journal, XCV (July, 1970), p. 2464.

(19) Review of Merrill D. Peterson, Thomas Jefferson and the New Nation: A Biography (New York: Oxford University Press, 1970) in Western Pennsylvania Historical Magazine, LII (July, 1970), pp. 292-293.

(20) Review of Bennett Smith, Bethesda (Fort Worth: Branch-Smith, 1969) in Southwestern Historical Quarterly, LXXIV (July, 1970), pp. 124-125.

(21) Review of David Riesman, et al., Academic Values and Mass Education: The Early Years of Oakland and Monteith (New York: Doubleday, 1970) in Library Journal, XCV (August, 1970), p. 2668.

(22) Review of Edward W. Williams, Frozen Foods: Biography of an Industry (New York: Cahners Publishing Company, 1970) in Library Journal, XCV (August, 1970), p. 2667.

(23) Review of Joseph Schafer, The Social History of American Agriculture (Da Capo Press Reprint Edition, New York, 1970) in The Chronicles of Oklahoma, XLVIII (Autumn, 1970), p. 359. (24) Review of Walter Prescott Webb, History as High Adventure (Austin: The Pemberton Press, 1969) in The Chronicles of Oklahoma, XLVIII (Autumn, 1970), p. 359.

(25) Review of Edward Robb Ellis, A Nation in Torment: The Great American Depression (New York: Coward-McCann, 1970) in Choice, VII (September, 1970), p. 929.

(26) Review of Studs Terkel, Hard Times: An Oral History of the Great Depression (New York: Random House, 1970) in Choice, VII (September, 1970), p. 936.

(27) Review of Joseph Wytrwal, Poles in American History and Tradition (Detroit: Endurance Press, 1969) in Oregon Historical Quarterly, LXXI (September, 1970), p. 281.

(28) Review of Burton R. Clark, The Distinctive College: Antioch, Reed, and Swarthmore (Chicago: Aldine, 1970) in Library Journal, XCV (September 15, 1970), p. 2911.

(29) Review of Lawrence A. Cremin, American Education: The Colonial Experience, 1607-1786 (New York: Harper and Row, 1970) in Library Journal, XCV (September 15, 1970), p. 2910.

(30) Review of Charles E. Ames, Pioneering the Union Pacific: A Re- appraisal of the Builders of the Railroad (New York: Appleton, 1969) in Annals of Wyoming, XLII (October, 1970), pp. 276-277.

(31) Review of Charles F. Lumis, A Tramp Across the Continent (Albuquerque: Calvin Horn Publisher, Inc. Reprint, 1969) in Journal of the West, IX (October, 1970), p. 583.

(32) Review of Sudhir Kakar, Frederick Taylor: A Study in Personality and Innovation (Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press, 1970) in Library Journal, XCV (October 1, 1970), p. 3270.

(33) Review of Paul Woodring, Investment in Innovation: An Historical Appraisal of the Fund for the Advancement of Education (Boston: Little, Brown, 1970) in Library Journal, XCV (October 15, 1970), p. 3469.

(34) Review of Ben B. Seligman, The Potentates: Business and Businessmen in American History (New York: Dial Press, 1970) in Library Journal, XCV (November 1, 1970), p. 3776.

(35) Review of Anne Jardim, The First Henry Ford: A Study in Personality and Business Leadership~(Cambridge: The MIT Press, 1970) in Library Journal, XCV (November 15, 1970), p. 3901. (35) Review of Herman E. Kross, Executive Opinion: What Business Leaders Said and Thought on Economic Issues 1920's-1960's (New York: Doubleday, 1970) in Library Journal, XCV (November 15, 1970), p. 3903.

(37) Review of Joseph Frazier Wall, Andrew Carnegie (New York: Oxford, 1970) in Library Journal, XCV (November 15, 1970), p. 3902.

(38) Review of Leon M. Lessinger, Every Kid a Winner (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1970) in Library Journal, XCV (December 15, 1970), p. 4255.

(39) Review of Jean Briggs Quandt, From the Small Town to the Great Community: The Social Thoughts of Progressive Intellectuals (New Brunswick, New Jersey: Rutgers, 1970) in Library Journal, XCV (December 1, 1970), p. 4174.

(40) Review of U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare, Towards a Social Report (Ann Arbor, Michigan: Michigan, 1970) in Library Journal, XCV (December 1, 1970), pp. 4155-4156.

(41) Review of Mira Wilkins, The Emergence of Multinational Enterprise: American Business Abroad from the Colonial Era to 1914 (Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1970) in Library Journal, XCV (December 1, 1970), pp. 4155-4156.

(42) Review of Robert G. Putnam, A Geography of Urban Places: Selected Readings (Toronto: Methuen Publications, 1970) in Journal' of the West, X (January, 1971), p. 180.

(43) Review of Bruce Stave, The New Deal and the Last Hurrah: Pittsburgh Machine Politics (Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1970) in Mid-America: An Historical Review, LIII (January, 1971), p. 66.

(44) Review of Norman H. Clark, Mill Town: A Social History of Everett, Washington (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1970) in Library Journal, XCVI (January 15, 1971), p. 191.

(45) Review of Ovid Demaris, America the Violent (New York: Cowles Book Company, 1970) in Choice, VII (February, 1971), p. 1730.

(46) Review of Richard E. Rubenstein, Rebels in Eden (Boston: Little, Brown, Company, 1970) in Choice, VII (February, 1971), p. 1733.

(47) Review of Douglas Sloan, The Scottish Enlightenment and the American College Ideal (New York: Teachers College Press,1971) in Library Journal, XCV, (February 15, 1971), p. 632. (48) Review of Walter Rundell, Jr., In Pursuit of American History: Research and Training in the United States (Norman: The University of Oklahoma Press, 1970) in Social Science Quarterly, LI (March, 1971), pp. 1014-1015.

(49) Review of Richard Sennett, Families Against the City: Middle Class Homes of Industrial Chicago, 1872-1890 (Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1970) in Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society, LXIX (Spring, 1971), pp. 103-104.

(50) Review of Jay J. Wagoner, Arizona Territory, 1863-1912 (Tucson: Univer- of Arizona Press, 1970) in Montana: The Magazine of Western History, XXI (Spring, 1971), p. 78.

(51) Review of David J. Rothman, The Discovery of the Asylum: Social Order and Disorder in the New Republic (Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1971) in Library Journal, XCVI (April 15, 1971). dd . 1831-1832.

(52) Review of Joseph A. Wytrwal, Poles in American History and Tradition (Detroit: Endurance Press, 1969) in Journal of the West, X (April, 1971), pp. 392-393.

(53) Review of Anthony L. Lehman, Birthright of Barbed Wire: The Santa Anita Assembly Center for the Japanese (Los Angeles: Westernlore Press, 1970) in Journal of the West, X (April, 1971), pp. 384-385.

(54) Review of Joseph F. Wall, Andrew Carnegie (New York: Oxford University Press, 1970) in Register of the Kentucky Historical Society, LIX (April, 1971), pp. 181-183. '

(55) Review of Andrew M. Greeley, Why Can't They be Like Us? Facts and Fancies about America's White Ethnic Groups (New York: Dutton, 1971) in Library Journal, XCVI (May 1, 1971), p. 1626.

(56) Review of Robert McClellan, The Heathen Chinese: A Study of American Attitudes Toward China, 1890-1905 (Columbus, Ohio: Ohio State University Press, 1971) in Library Journal, XCVI (May 1, 1971), pp. 1709.

(57) Review of Richard Dorson, American Folklore and the Historian (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1971) in Library Journal, XCVI (May 15, 1971), pp. 1707-1708.

(58) Review of Howard Mumford Jones, The Age of Energy: Varieties of American Experience 1865-1915 (New York: Viking, 1971) in Library Journal, XCVI (May 15, 1971), p. 1709.

(59) Review of John W. Rowell, Yankee Cavalrymen: Through the Civil War with the Ninth Pennsylvania Cavalry (Knoxville: The University of Tennessee Press, 1971) in Western Pennsylvania Historical Magazine, LIV (Summer, 1971), pp. 312-313. (60) Review of C. David Tompkins, Senator Arthur H. Vandenberg: The Evolution of a Modern Republican, 1884-1945 (East Lansing: Michigan State University, 1970) in Michigan History, LV (Summer, 1971), pp. 159-160.

(61) Review of William R. Brow, Imagemaker; Will Rogers and the American Dream (Columbia, Missouri: University of Missouri Press, 1970) in Library Journal, XCVI (June 15, 1971), p. 2081.

(62) Review of Ben jamin Wolman, (Ed.), The Psychoanalytic Interpretation of History (New York: Basic Books, 1971) in Library Journal, XCVI (June 15, 1971), pp. 2803-2804.

(63) Review of Alexander Saxton, The Indispensable Enemy: Labor and the Anti-Chinese Movement in California (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1971) in LibraryJournal, XCVI (July, 1971), p. 2316.

(64) Review of Charlton W. Tebeau, A History of Florida (Miami: University of Miami Press, 1971) in Library Journal, XCVI (July, 1971), p. 2316.

(65) Review of Daniel Elazar, Cities of the Prairie: The Metropolitan Frontier and American Politics (New York: Basic Books, 1970) in American Quarterly, XXIII (August, 1971), p. 299.

(66) Review of Elmer Louis Kayser, Bricks Without Straw: The Evolution of George Washington University (New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1970) in The Journal of Southern History, XXXVII (August, 1971), pp. 511-512.

(67) Review of C. L. Sulzberger, The Last of the Giants (New York: Macmillan Co., 1970) in The Historian, XXXIII (August, 1971), pp. 704-705.

(b8) Review of Howard Green Smith, Cattle Trails to Trenches: The Story of a Cowboy (Austin: Pemberton Press, 1970) in Montana: The Magazine of Western History, XXI (Autumn, 1971), p. 79.

(69) Review of Richard M. Huber, The American Idea of Success (New York: McGraw Hill, 1971) in Library Journal? XCVI (September 1, 1971), p. 2663.

(70) Review of Mody C. Boatright and William A. Owens, Tales from the Derrick Floor, A People’s History of the Oil Industry (Garden City, New York: Doubleday, 1970) in Choice, VIII (October, 1971), pp. 1061-1062.

(71) Review of J. R. Pole (Ed.), The Revolution in America 1754-1788: Documents on the Internal Development of America in the Revolu- tionary Era (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1970) in Journal of the West, X (October, 1971), p. 758. (72) Review of Walter Rundell, Walter Prescott Webb (Austin: Steck-Vaughn Company, 1971) in Journal of the West, X (October, 1971), p. 742.

(73) Review of The Boyd Lee Spahr Lectures in Americana, 1962-1969, Vol. IV (Carlisle, Pennsylvania: Dickinson College, 1970) in Pennsylvania History, XXXVIII (October, 1971), p. 463.

(74) Review of Warren Dunham, The City in Mid-Century: Prospects for Human Relations in the Urban Environment (New York: Russell and Russell, 1971)T in Choice, VIII (December, 1971), p. 1357.

(75) Review of Jeff Dykes, My Dobie Collection (College Station: Friends of the Texas A & M University Library, 1971) in Journal of the West, XI (January, 1972), p. 182.

(76) Review of David J. Rothman, The Discovery of the Asylum: Social Order and Disorder in the New Republic (Bonston: Little, Brown, and Company, 1971) in Mid-American, LIV (January, 1972), pp. 55-56.

(77) Review of Paul Bailey, City in the Sun: The Japanese Concentration Camp at Poston, Arizona (Los Angeles: Westernlore Press, 1971) in The Journal of Arizona History, XIII (Spring, 1972), pp. 73-74.

(78) Review of David Edwin Harrell, White Sects and Black Men in the Recent South (Nashville: Vanderbilt University Press, 1971), in Georgia Historical Quarterly, LVI (Spring, 1972), pp. 151-152.

(79) Review of Franklin Parker, George Peabody: A Biography (Nashville: Vanderbilt University Press, 1971) in Tennessee Historical Review, XXXI (Spring, 1972), pp. 98-99.

(80) Review of Michael Davis, The Image of Lincoln in the South (Knoxville: The University of Tennessee Press, 1971) in Civil War History, XVIII (March, 1972), pp. 75-76.

(81) Review of Elisha P. Douglass, The Coming of Age of American Business: Three Centuries of Enterprise, 1600-1900 (Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press, 1971) in Library Journal, XCVII (March 1 , 1972), p. 869.

(82) Review of David Brion Davis (Ed.), The Fear of Conspiracy: Images of Un-American Subversion from the Revolution to the Present (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1971) in Journal of the West, XI (April, 1972), p. 392.

(83) Review of Arnold B. Barach, Famous American Trademarks (Washington: Public Affairs Press, 1972) in Library Journal, XCVII (April 1, 1972), pp. 1303-1304. (84) Review of Mathew W. Bowyer, They Carried the Mail : A Survey of Postal History and Hobbies (New York: David McKay, 1972) in Library Journal , XCVII (Apri1 15, 1972), p. 1428.

(85) Review of Herbert S. Alley, So Help Me God: Religion and the Presidency: Wilson to Nixon (New Yorici John Knox Press, 1972) in Library Journal, XCVII (May 1, 1972), p. 1725.

(86) Review of James P. Baughman, The Mallorys of Mystic: Six Generations in American Maritime Enterprise (Middletown, Connecticut: Wesleyn University Press, 1972) in Library Journal, XCVII (May 1, 1972), p. 1710.

(87) Review of Thomas C. Cochran, Business in American Life: A History (New York: McGraw-H ill, 1972) in Lib ra ry Jo urn al, XCVII (May 15, 1972), p. 1805.

(88) Review of Dillon S. Myer, Uprooted Americans: The Japanese Americans and the War Relocation During World War II (Tucson": University of Arizona Press, 1971) in Arizona and the West, XIV (Summer, 1972), pp. 191-192.

(89) Review of Don McCarthy, Afternoons in Montana (Aberdeen, South Dakota: North Plains Press, 1971) in Journal of the West, XL (July, 1972), p. 554.

(90) Review of Stanley F. Chyet (Ed.), Lives and Voices: A Collection of American Jewish Memoirs (Philadelphia: The Jewish Publication Society of America, 1972) in American Jewish Historical Quarterly, LXII (September, 1972), pp. 80-81.

(91) Review of Wayne E. Fuller, The American Mail: Enlarger of the Common Life (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1972) irT Library Journal, XCVII (November 1, 1972), p. 3585.

(92) Review of James G. Kahler, Hail to the Chief: An Illustrated Guide to Political Americana (New York; Charles Scribner's Sons, 1972) in Library Journal, XCVII (November 1, 1972), p. 3586.

(93) Review of Clarence Cramer, American Enterprise: Free and Not so Free (Boston: Little, Brown, 1972) in Library Journal, XCVII (December 1, 1972), p. 3901.

(94) Review of Alex Groner and the Editors of American Heritage and Business Week, The American Heritage History of American Business and Industry (New York: American Heritage Press, 1972) in Library Journal, XCVII (December 15, 1972), p. 3985. (95) Review of Charlotte Erickson, Invisible Immigrants: The Adaptation of English and Scottish Immigrants in 19th Century America (Coral Gables: University of Miami Press, 1972) in The Register of the Kentucky State Historical Society, LXXI (January? 1973), pp. 113-114.

(96) Review of Frederick Merk, Economic History of Wisconsin During the Civil War Decade (Madison: The State Historical Society of Wisconsin, 1916 and 1971) in Nebraska History, LIV (Spring, 1973), pp. 130-131.

(97) Review of George N. Rai nsford, Congress and Higher Education in the Nineteenth Century (Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1972) in LibraryJournal , XCVIII (March 1, 1973), p. 737.

(98) Review of Max Wylie, 400 Miles from Harlem: Courts and Correction (New York: The Macmillan Compan.y, 1972) inThe Register of the Kentucky State Historical Society, LXXI (April, 1973), pp. 216-218.

(99) Review of Yaffa Draznin, It Began with Zade Usher: The History and Record of The Families Bernstein--Loyev/Lewis--Mazur (Los Angeles: JAMY Publications, 1972) in American Jewish Historical Quarterly, LXIII (September, 1973), pp. 95-96.

(100) Review of Joseph M. Gillman, The B'nai Khaim in America: A Study of Cultural Change in a Jewish Group (Philadelphia: Dorrance & Company, 1969) in American Jewish Historical Quarterly, LXII (September, 1973), pp. 96-97.

(101) Review of Sam Bass Warner, The Urban Wilderness: A History of the American City (New York: Harper and Row, 1973) in Indiana Magazine of History, (September, 1973), pp. 295-297.

(102) Review of Estelle Fuchs and Robert J. Havighurst, To Live on This Earth (Garden City: Doubleday and Company, 1972) in Southwestern Historical Quarterly, LXXVII (October, 1973), 282-283.

(103) Review of Robert Sobel, The Money Manias (New York: Weybright & Talley, 1973) in Library Journal, XCVIII (November 1, 1973), pp. 3259- 3260.

(104) Review of Gordon B. Dodds, Hiram Martin Chittenden: His Public Career (Lexington: The Universit.y Press of Kentucky, 1973) in Register of the Kentucky Historical Society, LXXII (January, 1974), pp. 66-67.

(105) Review of Lawrence R. Gustin, Billy Durant: Creator of General Motors (Grand Rapids, Michigan: William B. Eerdmans, 1973) in Library Journal, XCIX (February 1 , 1974), p. 356. (106) Review of Joseph G. Knapp, The Advance of American Cooperative Enter- prise: 1920-1945 (Danville, Illinois: The Interstate, 1972) in Library Journal, XCIX (February 1 , 1974), p. 360.

(107) Review of Sven Nordin, D. Rich Harvest: A History of the Grange 1867-1900 (Jackson, Mississippi: University Press of Mississippi, 1974), C (February 1, 1975), p. 293.

(108) Review of Duane E. Smith, Horace Tabor: His Life and the Legend (Boulder: Colorado Associated University Press, 1973) in Annals of Wyoming, XLVI (Spring, 1974), pp. 157-158.

(109) Review of Brooks Mather Kelley, Yale: A History (New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press, 1974) in Library Journal, XCIX (March 15, 1974), p. 751.

(110) Review of Colin Fraser, Tractor Pioneer: The Life of Harry Ferguson (Athens, Ohio: Ohio University Press, 1973) in Library Journal", XCIX (March 15, 1974), pp. 748-749.

(111) Review of Kenneth Warren, The American Steel Industry, 1850-1970: A Geographical Interpretation (Fair Lawn, New Jersey: Oxford University Press, 1973) in Library Journal, XCIX (March 15, 1974), pp. 750-751.

(112) Review of Daniel Calhoun, The Intelligence of a People (Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1973) in American Historical Review, LXXIX (June, 1974), pp. 845-846.

(113) Review of Carl F. Kaestle, The Evolution of an Urban School System: New York City, 1750-1850 (Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1973) in American Historical Review, LXXIX (June, 1974), p. 846.

(114) Review of Kate Silber, Pestalozzi: The Man and His Work (New York: Schocken Books, Inc., 1974) in Library Journal, XCIX (June 1, 1974), p. 1540.

(115) Review of John S. Wright and Parks B. Dimsdale, Jr. (Eds.), Pioneers in Marketing: A Collection of Twenty-five Biographies of Men who Contributed to the" Growth ~of Marketing Thought and Action (Atlanta, Georgia: School of Business Administration, Georgia State University, 1974) in Library Journal, XCIX (June 1, 1974), p. 1541.

(116) Review of Susan Estabrook Kennedy, The Banking Crisis of 1933 (Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 1973) in Register of the Kentucky Historical Society, LXX (July, 1974), pp. 289-291.

(117) Review of Anthony Hocking, Oppenheimer and Son (New York: McGraw Book Company, 1973) in Library Journal, XCIX (Auqust, 1974), p. 1937. (118) Review of Carolyn Newton, Outdoor Mississippi (Jackson, Mississippi; University and College Press of Mississippi, 1974) in Library Journal, XCIX (August, 1974), p. 1949.

(119) Review of Robert Sobel, The Entrepreneurs: Explorations Within the American Business Tradition (New York: Weybright & Talley, 1974) in Library Journal, XCIX (August, 1974), p. 1941.

(120) Review of Walter Hugins, The Reform Impulse, 1825-1850 (Columbia, South Carolina: University of South Carolina Press, 1972) in Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society, LXVII (September, 1974), p. 457.

(121) Review of Arthur Mann, et al., Indiana Historical Society Lectures 1971 -1972 (Indianapolis: Indiana His tor i ca FSoc i e ty , 1972) in Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society, LXVII (September, 1974)’,“ppi 456-457.

(122) Review of Helen M. Burns, The American Banking Community and the New Deal Banking Reforms, 1933-1935 (Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press, 1974) in Library Journal, XCIX (October 1, 1974), pp. 2472-2473.

(123) Review of C. C. Sonnichsen, Colonel Greene and the Copper Skyrocket (Tucson: The Uni versify of Arizona Press, 1974) in Library Journal, XCIX (October 1, 1974), p. 2471.

(124) Review of John Brooks, The Autobiography of American Business (New York: Doubleday, 1974) in Library Journal, XCIX (December 15, 1974), p. 3197.

(125) Review of David B. Tyack, The One Best System: A History of American Urban Education (Cambridge, Wisconsin: Harvard University Press, 1974) in Library Journal, C (February 1, 1975), p. 290.

(126) Review of Robert B. Downs, Heinrich Pestalozzi (New York: Twayne Publishers, 1975) in Library Journal, C (March 1, 1975), p. 472.

(127) Review of Eric Ashby and Mary Anderson, Portrait of Haldane (Hampden, Connecticut: The Shoe String Press, 1975) in Library Journal, C (April 1, 1975), pp. 656-657.

(128) Review of Abraham Blinderman, American Writers on Education before 1865 (New York: Twayne Publishers, Inc., 1975) in Library Journal, ClApril 15, 1975), p. 756.

(129) Review of George S. May, A Most Unique Machine (Grand Rapids, Michigan: Eerdmans, 1975) in Library Journal, C (May 1, 1975), p. 846.

(130) Review of Maurice Corina, Trust in Tobacco (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1975) in Library Journal, C (May 15, 1975), p. 978. CURRICULUM VITAE

BEATRICE J. KALISCH

Address: University of Michigan Phone: (313) 763-0016 (Office) School of Nursing (313) 429-2857 (Home) Parent-Child Nursing 1335 Catherine Street Social Security Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109

EDUCATION

B.S.N., University of Nebraska, Nursing (1965) M.S., University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maternal-Child Nursing (1967). Ed.D., University of Maryland, College Park, Human Development with a minor in Nursing of Children (1970). Primary Care Course for Nurse Faculty, Case Western Reserve University (1977).

EXPERIENCE

1977 to present Shirley C. Titus Professor of Nursing; Chairperson, Department of Parent-Child Nursing; Director, Graduate Program in Parent-Child Nursing; Pro- ject Director, Pediatric Nurse Practitioner Program; Co-Principal Investigator, U.S. Public Health Service, Division of Nursing Research Grant on the Popular Image of the Nurse in the Mass Media; University of Michigan, School of Nursing, Ann Arbor, Michigan.

1979 (Summer) Visiting Distinguished Professor, University of Alabama, School of Nursing, Birmingham, Alabama.

1974-1977 Professor of Nursing, Chairperson, Department of Parent- Child Nursing; Director, Graduate Program in Parent- Child Nursing; Project Director, Pediatric Nurse Practitioner Program; Co-Principal Investigator, U.S. Public Health Service, Division of Nursing Research Grant on the Impact of the Division of the USPHS on Nursing Services and Education; University of Michigan, School of Nursing, Ann Arbor, Michigan.

1971-1974 Associate Professor of Nursing; Director of the Under- graduate Program; and Co-Principal Investigator, U.S. Public Health Service, Division of Nursing Research Grant on the Impact of the U.S. Cadet Nurse Corps on the American Nursing Profession; University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Mississippi. 1970-1971 Associate Professor of Maternal-Child Nursing and Curriculum Coordinator of Nursing, Amarillo College, Amarillo, Texas.

1970 Clinical Nurse Specialist, Northwest Texas Hospital, Amarillo, Texas.

1967-1968 Assistant Professor of Maternal-Child Nursing, American University, Washington, D.C.

1967 Pediatric Staff Nurse, Greater Baltimore Medical Center, Towson, Maryland.

1966 Instructor of Nursing, Philipsburg State General Hospital School of Nursing, Philipsburg, Pennsylvania.

1965-1966 Pediatric Staff Nurse, Centre County Hospital, Bellefonte, Pennsylvania.

PROFESSIONAL ORGANIZATIONS

American Nurses1 Association, Michigan Nurses' Association. American Nurses' Association, Council of Nurse Researchers. National League for Nursing, Michigan League for Nursing. Michigan Nurses' Association, Council for Nursing Research. American Public Health Association, Maternal-Child Section. American Association for the History of Medicine. Society for Research in Child Development. American Heart Association. American Association for the Advancement of Science. American Academy of Political and Social Science. Health Services Research Group, University of Michigan. Nurses' Coalition for Action in Politics. Association for the Care of Children in Hospitals. Associate, Hastings Institute of Society, Ethics and the Life Sciences. National Committee for the Prevention of Child Abuse. Associate, Coalition for Children and Youth. International Child Abuse Association.

HONORS

Appointment to the Shirley C. Titus Distinguished Professor Chair, Uni- versity of Michigan, 1978 (appointment is permanent until retirement or resignation from University). Listed, Who's Who of American Women, 1977 and 1979. Member, Sigma Theta Tau, Nursing Honor Society. Listed in Outstanding Educators of America, 1974. Listed in Outstanding Young Women in America, 1975. HONORS (continued)

Listed in World Who's Who of Women in Education, 1977. Listed in World Who's Who of Women, 1977 and 1979. Listed in International Who's Who in Community Service, 1978. Listed in Personalities of America, 1978. 1978 Books of the Year Award, American Journal of Nursing (three citations). Fellow in the American Academy of Nursing, 1978-present. Phi Kappa Phi, 1979 - present. Recipient of the Joseph L. Andrews Bibliographic Award, from the American Association of Law Libraries, San Francisco, California, July 3, 1979. Listed, Personalities of the West and Midwest, 1980.

SELECTED PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES

National League for Nursing Accreditation Visitor for Baccalaureate and Higher Degree Programs, National League for Nursing, New York, New York, 1974 to present.

Reviewer of research articles for Nursing Research, 1978 to present.

Member, Advisory Committee on Graduate Nursing Education in Michigan, Board of Education, 1975-1976.

Vice-Chairperson, Executive Committee, Michigan Council for Nursing Research, Michigan Nurses' Association, 1974-1977.

National Board, American Rural Health Association, 1979 to present.

Reviewer of Child Abuse Research Grants, Office of Child Development, Public Health Service, 1978 to present.

Ad Hoc Reviewer of National Research Service Awards, Division of Nursing, U.S. Public Health Service, 1979.

Ad Hoc Reviewer for the History of Life Science Study Section, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Public Health Service, 1979.

Participation in meeting of health professionals invited to Washington, D.C. to discuss a national policy on child abuse, June 8-9, 1973.

State Nursing Education Accreditation Visitor for the Board of Trustees for the State Institutions of Higher Learning in Mississippi.

Invited to participate in Senator Kennedy's conference, "Positive Health Strategies," Washington, D.C., July, 1978. (36) Philip A. Kalisch and Beatrice J. Kalisch. "The Nurse Shortage, The President and The Congress," Nursing Forum, XIX (Number 2, 1980), pp. 138-164.

(37) Philip A. Kalisch and Beatrice J. Kalisch. "Perspectives on Improving Nursing's Public Image," Nursing and Health Care, I (July-August, 1980), pp. 10-15. B. Kalisch, "The Promise of Power," Nursing Outlook, Vol. 26 (January, 1978), pp. 42-46.

P. Kalisch and B. Kalisch, "Political Dynamics," in Curent Perspectives in Nursing Management, ed., Ann Marrimer, (St. Louis, Missouri: C.V. Mosby Co., 1978), pp. 156-174.

B. Kalisch, "Publication Explores Nature of Professional Autonomy," The American Nurse, Vol. 11 (June 20, 1979), pp. 19-20.

B. Kalisch, P. Kalisch, and M. McHugh, "Content Analysis of Film Stereo- types of Nurses," International Journal of Women's Studies, in press.

B. Kalisch, P. Kalisch, and J. Clinton, "How the Public Sees Nurse Midwives: 1978 News Coverage of Nurse Midwifery in the Nation's Press," Journal of Nurse Midwifery, Vol. 25 (July-Auqust, 1980), pp. 31-39.

B. Kalisch and P. Kalisch, "Communicating Clinical Nursing Issues to the Public Through the News Media," Nursing Research, in press.

B. Kalisch, P. Kalisch, and J. Clinton, "Minority Nurses in the News," Nursing Outlook, in press.

B. Kalisch, P. Kalisch and J. Clinton, "An Analysis of News Flow on the Nation's Nurse Shortage," Medical Care, in press.

P. Kalisch and B. Kalisch, "The Nurse Shortage, The President and The Congress," Nursing Forum, Vol. 19 (Number 2, 1980), pp. 138-164.

P. Kalisch and B. Kalisch, "Perspectives on Improving Nursing's Public Image," Nursing and Health Care, Vol; 1 (July-August, 1980), pp. 10-15.

B. Kalisch, "From Medical Care Helper to Health Care Provider: Perspectives on the Development of Parent-Child Nursing," American Journal of Maternal-Child Nursing, in press. PAPERS PRESENTED

"From Training to Education: The Impact of Federal Aid on Schools of Nursing in the 1940's," presented at the Division of Nursing, U.S. Public Helath Service, Bethesda, Maryland, January 23, 1975.

"The Researcher's Role in Nursing," presented at the Twenty-First Semi- Annual Meeting of the Council on Collegiate Education of the Southern Regional Education Board, Atlanta, Georgia, April 4, 1974.

"Congress Copes with the Nurse Shortage, 1941-1971: Dynamics of Congres- sional Nurse Education Policy Formulation," presented at the American Nurses' Association, Ninth Research Conference, San Antonio, Texas, March 23, 1973 (with P. Kalisch).

"Nursing Actions for Abused Children," presented at the joint annual convention of the National Student Nurses' Association and the National League for Nursing, Minneapolis, Minnesota, May 7, 1973.

"Suffer the Little Children: Child Abuse and the Nurse," presented at the Regional National Student Nurses' Association Conference, Hattiesburg, Mississippi, December 10, 1972.

"The Role of the Nurse in Child Abuse," presented at the annual convention of the Mississippi Student Nurses' Association, Biloxi, Mississippi, February 23, 1972.

"Physicians as Gods, Nurses as Angels and Patients as Persons: The Communications Challenge," Second Annual Symposium Pediatrics for the Practicing Physician, Toledo Pediatric Society and the Ohio Chapter, Academy of Pediatrics, Toledo, Ohio, October 3-4, 1975. (also on panel,).

"Child Abuse," Share and be Aware Conference, State University of Buffalo, School of Nursing, Buffalo, New York, April 21, 1975. "The Impact of War on American Nursing," American Nurses' Association, Council of Nurse Researchers, Annual Meeting, Hollywood, Florida, August 21, 1975 (with P. Kalisch).

"Effect of Federal Aid on Nursing Education," Eighth Annual Meeting of the American Hospital Association Assembly of Hospital Schools of Nursing, Chicago, Illinois, October 24, 1975 (with P. Kalisch).

"Sociological History and Nursing: A Study of the Role of American Nurses in War, 1776-1975," Michigan Nurses' Association, Annual Convention, Lansing, Michigan, October 15, 1975; and the Michigan Student Nurses' Association, Annual Convention, October 15, 1975. "Historical Perspectives on Primary Nursing: Full Circle," Michigan Nurses' Association Conference on Primary Nursing, Lansing, Michigan, June 24, 1976 (with P. Kalisch).

"Historical Perspectives: Nurses' Participation in Primary Health Care," Alabama League for Nursing, 24th Annual Convention, Birmingham, Alabama, April 1, 1976 (with P. Kalisch).

"Reflections from the Past--Directions for the Future," Detroit District of the Michigan Nurses' Association, Annual Meeting, Detroit, Michigan, June 16, 1976 (with P. Kalisch).

"Political Influences on Nursing," Faculties of Harper, Mercy,Henry Ford, and Grace Hospital Schools of Nursing, Detroit, Michigan, April 19, 1976 (with P. Kalisch).

"Nursing Leaders: The Past 100 Years," Michigan State University School of Nursing, Lansing, Michigan, September 19, 1976 (with P. Kalisch).

"Politics and Nursing: Strange But Necessary Bedfellows," Washtenaw District Nurses' Association, Ann Arbor, Michigan, November 15, 1976 (with P. Kalisch).

"History of Nursing: Highlights and Themes," Eastern Michigan University, Department of Nursing, Ypsilanti, Michigan, October 15, 1976 (with P. Kalisch).

"Origins of Primary Care in Nursing," presented at Michigan State University Lansing, Michigan, April 4, 1977 (with P. Kalisch).

"Nurturer of Nurses: A History of the Division of Nursing of the U.S. Public Health Service and its Antecedents, T789-1977, presented to the staff of the Division of Nursing, U.S. Public Health Service, Bethesda, Maryland, April 12, 1977 (with P. Kalisch).

"Lillian Wald, Margaret Sanger, and the birth of Public Health Nursing," presented to the Student Nurses' Association, Mercy College, Detroit, Michigan, April 15, 1977 (with P. Kalisch).

"The Development of the Expanded Role for Nurses, 1893-1977," presented to students at the University of Alabama -- Huntsville, April 18, 1977 (with P. Kalisch).

"Exiting Nursing Leadership through Political Nursing," presented University of West Virginia, School of Nursing, Sigma Theta Tau Annual Lectureship, March, 1979.

"Political Nursing: The Next Assignment," presented at Boston University, School of Nursing, March 22, 1979. "Politics of Nursing," presented at the University of Kentucky, College of Nursing, April 13, 1979.

"The Public Image of the Nurse," presented at the National League for Nursing Biennial Convention, Atlanta, Georgia, May 3, 1979 (with P. Kalisch and R. Rowney).

"Advancing Nursing Research through Politics," presented at the State of Michigan Sigma Theta Tau, Annual Research Symposium, Ann Arbor, Michigan, May 5, 1979 (with P. Kalisch).

"Images of the Nurse," presented at the University of Alabama, School of Nursing, Birmingham, Alabama, July 10, 1979 (with P. Kalisch).

"Nurse Edith Cavell: A Study in Courage," presented at the Sigma Theta Tau Annual Initiation Meeting, Birmingham, Alabama, July 12, 1979 (with P. Kalisch).

"The Mass Media and Its Impact on Nursing," presented at the University of Alabama, School of Nursing, Birmingham, Alabama, July 24, 1979 (with P. Kalisch).

"The Impact of the Image on the Shortage of Nurses," presented at a conference "Where Have All the Nurses Gone and Why?" Sponsored by the Chicago Hospital Association and the Chicago Nursing Association, Chicago, Illinois, October 11, 1979.

"Perspectives on the Politics of Nursing," presented at the University of Rochester, School of Nursing Conference on the Nurse and the Legislative Process, Rochester, New York, November 30, 1979.

"Images of Nurses," presented at Mercy Hospital, Chicago, Illinois, February 7, 1980 (with P. Kalisch).

’’The Public Image of the Nurse in Newspapers and Television," presented at Mt. Sinai, Chicago, Illinois, March 10, 1980 (with P. Kalisch).

"Nurse's Image: How Can it be Improved?" presented at Northwestern Hospital, Chicago, Illinois, March 11, 1980 (with P. Kalisch).

"The Health Planning Legislation and Nursing," University of Kentucky, School of Nursing, Lexington, Kentucky, March 26, 1980.

"The Image of the News in the Nation's Newspapers," presented at the Sigma Theta Tau, Writer's Workshop, Ann Arbor, Michigan, May 23, 1980 (with P. Kalisch).

"The Rise and Fall of the Image of the Nurse in Motion Pictures," presented at the American Nurses' Association Convention, Houston, Texas, June 12, 1980 (with P. Kalisch). "Fighting the Fight that Florence Nightingale Started," Graduation Speech, Case Western Reserve University, School of Nursing, Cleveland, Ohio, June 27, 1980. BOOK REVIEWS

Review of Margaret Anne Johnson, Developing the Art of Understanding: A Guide for Nursing Students, 2 ed. (New York: Springer, 1972) in Nursing Outlook, Vol. 20 (July, 1972), p. 433.

Review of Lois J. Davitz, The Psychiatric Patient: Case Histories (New York: Springer, 1971) in Nursing Outlook, Vol. 20 (June, 1972), p.371.

Review of Edith A. Aynes, From Nightingale to Eagle: An Army Nurse's History (Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice Hal 1 , 1973) in Nursing Research, Vol. 22 (November-December, 1973), p. 534.

Review of Luke Watson, Child Behavior Modification: A Manual for Teachers, Nurses and Patients (New York: Pergamon, 1973) in Nursing Outlook, Vol. 21 (October, 1973), pp. 629-630.

Review of Josephine A. Dolan, Nursing in Society: A Historical Perspective (Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders Company, 1973) in American Journal of Nursing, Vol. 74 (July, 1974), pp. 1360-1362.

Review of Jerome Lysaught, Editor, An Abstract for Action: National Commission for the Study of Nursing and Nursing Education (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1973) in Library Journal, Vol. 95"(October 15, 1970), p. 3469.

Review of Silvano Arieti, Editor, The World Biennial of Psychiatry and Psycho- therapy: Volume I (New York: Basic Books, 1970) in Library Journal, Vol. 95 (October 15, 1970), p. 3480.

Review of Carl H. Delacato, A New Start for the Child With Reading Problems: A Manual for Parents (New York: David McKay, 1970) in Library Journal, Vol. 95 (July, 1970), p. 2466.

Review of Phyllis R. Lacey, Life with the Mentally Sick Child: The Daily Care of Mentally Sick Children in Hospitals and at Home (New York: Pergamon, 1969) in Library Journal, Vol. 95 (August, 1970),p. 2696.

Review of Jean E. Semple, Hearing-Impaired Preschool Child: A Book for Parents (Springfie1d, Illinois: Charles Thomas, 1970) in Library Journal, Vol. 95 (August, 1970), pp. 2668-2669.

Review of Jerome Hellmuth, Editor, Cognitive Studies: Volume I (New York: Brunner/Mazel, 1970) in Library Journal, Vol. 95 (September 1, 1970), p. 2816.

Review of Lillian Ambrosino, Runaways (Boston: Beacon Press, 1971) in Library Journal, Vol. 96 (April 1, 1971), p. 1247.

Review of Robert J. Myers, Medicare (Chicago: Irwin, 1970) in Library Journal, Vol. 95 (July, 1970), pp. 2501-2502. Review of Lealon E. Martin, Mental Health/Mental Illness: Revolution in Progress (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1970) in Library Journal, Vol. 95 (September 15, 1970), p. 2928.

Review of Alfred Kadushin, Adopting Older Children (New York: Columbia University Press, 1970) in Library Journal, Vol. 95 (September 15. ,1970) p. 2930.

Review of Boisfeuillet Jones, Editor, The Health of Americans (Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 1970) in Library Journal , Vol. 95 (October 1, 1970), pp. 3294-3295.

Review of C. U. M. Smith, The Brain: Towards an Understanding (New York: Putnam, 1970) in Library Journal, Vol. 95 (October 1. 1970). p. 3294.

Review of Meyer Schreiber, Editor, Social Work and Mental Retardation (New York: John Day, 1970) in Library Journal, Vol. 95 (October 1. 1970). p. 3295.

Review of Peter Marin and Allan Cohen, Understanding Drug Use: An Adult's Guide to Drugs and the Young (New York: Harper, 1970) and Barbara Milbauer, Drug Abuse and Addiction: A Manual for Parent and Teenager (New York: Crown, 1970) in Library Journal, Vol. 95 (November 1, 1970). p. 3760.

Review.of Robert Bremner, Editor, Children and Youth in America: A Documentary History--Volume I: 1600-1865 (Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard, 1970) in Library Journal Vol. 95 (December 15, 1970), p. 4256.

Review of Carl R. Rogers, Carl Rogers on Encounter Groups (New York: Harper, 1970) in Library Journal, Vol. 95 (December 1. 1970). p. 4185.

Review of Health Policy Advisory Committee, The American Health Empire (New York: Random House, 1971) in Library Journal, Vol. 96 (January 15. 1971). p. 199

Review of Benson Jaffee and David Fanshel, How They Fared in Adoption: A Follow-up Study (New York: Columbia University Press, 1970) in Library Journal, Vol. 96 (January 1, 1971), p. 87.

Review of Robert C. Burns and Harvard Kaufman, Kinetic Family Drawings: An Introduction to Understanding Children Through Kinetic Drawings (NewTork: Brunner/Mazel, 1970) in Library Journal, Vol. 96 (January 1. 1971). p. 96.

Review of Sidney Cahn, The Treatment of Alcoholics: An Evaluative Study (New York: Oxford University Press, 1970) in Library Journal, Vol96. (January 15, 1971), pp. 197-198.

Review of George Maddox, Editor, The Domesticated Drug: Drinking Among Collegians (New York: College and University Press, 1970) in Library Journal, Vol. 96 (January 15, 1971), p. 198.

Review of Selig Greenberg, The Quality of Mercy: A Report on the Critical Condition of Hospital and Medical Care in America (New York: Atheneurn, 1971) in Library Journal , Vol. 96 (February 1, 1971), p. 491. Review of James P. Carter and Eleanora de Antonio, Keeping Your Family Healthy Overseas (New York: Delacorte Press, 1971) in Library Journal, Vol 96 May 1, 1971), p. 1622.

Review of David Gil, Violence Against Children: Physical Child Abuse in the United States (Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard, 1970) in Library Journal, Vol. 96 (February 1, 1971), p. 488.

Review of Nigel Calder, The Mind of Man: An Investigation into Current Research on the Brain and the Human Nature (New York: Viking, 1971) in Library Journal, Vol. 96 (May 1, 1971), p. 1618.

Review of Leslie Aldridge Westoff and Charles F. Westoff, From Now to Zero: Fertility, Contraception and Abortion in America (New York: Little, Brown, 1971) in Library Journal, Vol. 96 (May 1, 1971), p. 1596.

Review of Paul Guillanume, Imitation in Children (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1971) in Library Journal, Vol. 96 (May 15, 1971), p. 1719.

Review of Burton Blatt, Exodus from Pandemonium: Human Abuse and a Reformation of Public Policy (Boston: Allyn and Bacon, 1970) in Library Journal , Vol. 95 (November 15, 1970), p. 3917.

Review of Robert Rugh and Landrum B. Shettles, From Conception to Birth: The Drama of Life's Beginnings (New York: Harper, 1971) in Library Journal, Vol . 96 (June 1, 1971), p. 1996.

Review of Arthur A. Michele, Orthotherapy (Philadelphia: Evans, distributed by Lippincott, 1971) in Library Journal, Vol. 96 (June 1, 1971), p. 1995.

Review of Henrik Wallgren and Herbert Barry, III., Actions of Alcohol; Volume I: Biochemical, Physiological and Psychological Aspects; Volume II: Chronic and Clinical Aspects (Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1970) in Library Journal, Vol. 96 (June 1, 1971), p. 1996-1997.

Review of Evelyn West Ayrault, Helping the Handicapped Teenager Mature (New York: Association Press, 1971] in Library Journal, Vol. 96 (July. 1971), p. 2332.

Review of Richard Koch and James Dobson, The Mentally Retarded Child and His Family: A Multidisciplinary Handbook (New York: Brunner/Mazel, 1971)in Library Journal, Vol. 96 (August, 1971), pp. 2523-2524.

Review of David Elkind, Children and Adolescents: Interpretive Essays on Jean Piaget (New Yo rkl Oxford, 1970) in Library Journal, Vol. 96 (Ju1y, 1971) p. 2328.

Review of Robert W. Shields, A Cure for Delinquents: The Treatment of Mal- adjustment (New York: International Universities Press, 1971) in Library Journal, Vol. 96 (August, 1971), p. 2524. Review of Marvin L. Aronson, How to Overcome Your Fear of Flying (New York: Hawthorn, 1971) in Library Journal, Vol. 96 (August. 1971). p. 2522.

Review of Sherman C. Feinstein, Peter Giovacchini, and Arthur A. Miller, Editors, Adolescent Psychiatry, Volume I: Developmental and Clinical Studies (New York: Basic Books, 1971) in Library Journal, Vol. 96 (August.1971), p. 2523.

Review of P. G. Richmond, An Introduction to Piaget (New York: Basic Books, 1971) in Library Journal, Vol —96 (September 1. 1971), p. 2655.

Review of Patrick H. Doyle, Save Your Health and Your Money: A Doctor's Answers to Today's High Health Costs (Washington, D. C.: Acropolis. 1971) in Library Journal, Vol. 96 TS~eptember 1, 1971), p. 2660.

Review of Genevieve Painter, Teach Your Baby (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1971) in Library Journal, Vol. 96 (November 1, 1971), p. 3620.

Review of Jean Piaget, Psychology and Epistemology (New York: Grossman, 1971) in Library Journal, Vol. 96 (September 15, 1971), p. 2781.

Review of Jean Piaget, Biology and Knowledge: An Essay on the Relations between Organic Regulations and Cognitive Processes (New York: Grossman, 1971) in Library Journal, Vol. 96 (September 15, 1971), p. 2731.

Review of John G. Howells, Modern Perspectives in Child Psychiatry, Volume I; Modern Perspectives in World "Psychiatry, Volume II (New York: Brunner/ Mazel, 1971) in Library Journal, Vol. 96 (October 15, 1971), p. 3332.

Review of Arnold Arnold,. Teaching Your Child to Learn from Birth to-School Age (Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 1971) in Library Journal, Vol. 96 (October 15, 1971), p. 3320.

Review of Robin White, Be Not Afraid (New York: Dial Press, 1972) in Library Journal, Vol. 97 (March 15, 1972), p. 1008.

Review of Elizabeth Chant Robertson and Margaret I. Wood, Today's Child: A Modern Guide to Baby Care and Child Training (New York: Scribner's, 1972) in Library Journal, Vol. 97 (April 1 , 1972), p.1336.

Review of Waldo L. Fielding, Pregnancy: The Best State of the Union (New York: Thomas Y. Crowell, 1971) in Library Journal, Vol. 97 (April 15, 1972) pp. 1451-1452.

Review of Esther Cava, The Complete Question and Answer Book of Child Training (New York: Hawthorn Books, 1972) in Library Journal, Vol. 97 (April 15, 1972) , p. 1447.

Review Arthur Colman and Libby Lee Colman, Pregnancy: The Psychological Experience (New York: Herder and Herder, 1972) in Library Journal, Vol. 97 (May 15, 1972), p. 1816. Review of Claire Burch, Stranger in the Family: A Guide to Living with the Emotionally Disturbed (Indianapolis, Indiana: Bobbs-Merrill, 1972) in Library Journal, Vol. 97 (May 1 , 1972), p. 1725.

Review of William A. Block, What Your Child Really Wants to Know About Sex--and Why (Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 1972) in Library Journal, Vol. 97 (June 15, 1972), p. 2194.

Review of Robert Kastenbaum and Ruth Aisenburg, The Psychology of Death (New York: Springer, 1972) in Library Journal, Vol. 97 (August, 1972), p. 2618.

Review of Constance A. Bean, Methods of Childbirth: A Complete Guide to Child- birth Classes and the New Maternity Care (New York: Doubleday, 1972) in Library Journal, Vol. 97 (July, 1972), p. 2415-2416.

Review of Gloria Lentz, Raping our Children: The Sex Education Scandal (New York: Arlington House, 1972) in Library Journal, Vol. 97 (July, 1972), p. 2389.

Review of David Melton, When Children Need Help (New York: Thomas Y. Crowell, 1972) in Library Journal, Vol. 97 (August, 1972), p. 2618.

Review of Shelia Kitzinger, The Experience of Childbirth (New York: Taplinger, 1972) in Library Journal, Vol. 97 (July, 1972), p. 2416.

Review of Martha Davis, Understanding Body Movement, An Annotated Bibliography (New York: Arno Press, 1972) in Library Journal, Vol.97 (August, 1972) p. 2561.

Review of Lorna Wing, Autistic Children: A Guide for Parents and Professionals (New York: Brunner/Mazel, 1972) in Library Journal, Vol. 97 (August, 1972), pp. 2619-2620.

Review of Howard Rusk, A World to Care For (New York: Random House, 1972) in Library Journal, Vol. 97 (September 1 , 1972), p. 2744.

Review of Andrew Ferber and Marilyn Mendelsohn, The Book of Family Therapy (New York: science House, 1972) in Library Journal, Vol. 97 (September 15, 1972), p. 2849.

Review of Colin Murray Parkes, Bereavement: Studies of Grief in Adult Life (London: Tavistock, 1972) in Library Journal, Vol. 97 (October 15, 1972), p. 3322.

Review of Kenneth M. Ludmerer, Genetics and American Society (Baltimore, Maryland: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1972) in Library Journal, Vol. 97 (October 15, 1972'), p. 3324.

Review of Gerald H. Zuk, Family Therapy: A Triadic-Based Approach (New York: Behavioral Publications, Inc., 1971) in Library Journal, Vol. 97 (October 15, 1972), p. 3323. Review of Joan Martin Hundley, The Small Outsider: The Story of an Autistic Child (New York: St. Martin's Press, 1971) in Library Journal, Vol. 97 (November 1, 1972), pp. 3600-3601.

Review of Beulah Parker, A Mingled Yarn: Chronicle of a Troubled Family (New Haven, Connect!*cut: Yale, 1972) in Library Journal, Vol. 97 (November 15, 1972), p. 3720.

Review of Colin Wilson, New Pathways in Psychology: Maslow and the Post- Freudian Revolution (New York: Taplinger, 1972) in Library Journal, Vol . 97 (November 15, 1972), p. 3720.

Review of Robert C. Burns and S. Harvard Kaufman, Actions, Styles and Symbols in Kinetic Family Drawings (K-F-D): An Interpretive Manual (New York: Brunner/Mazel, 1972) in Library Journal 7 Vol. 97 (November 15, 1972), p. 3719.

Review of Margaret Albrecht, Parents and Teenagers: Getting Through to Each Other (New York: Parent's Magazine Press, 1972) in Library Journal, Vol. 97 (December 1, 1972), p. 3920.

Review of Sara D. Gilbert, Three Years to Grow: Guidance for Your Child's First Three Years (New York: Parent's Magazine Press, 1972) in Library Journal, Vol. 97 (December 1, 1972), p. 3920.

Review of Mary B. Hoover, The Responsive Parent: Meeting the Realities of Parenthood Today (New York: Parent's Magazine Press, 1972) in Library Journal, Vol. 97 (December 1, 1972), p. 3920.

Review of Lynn Minton, Growing into Adolescence: A Sensible Guide for Parents of Children 11 to 14 (New York: Parent's Magazine Press, 1972) in Library Journal, Vol. 97 (December 1, 1972), p. 3920.

Review of Doris P. Mogal, Character in the Making: The Many Ways Parents Can Help the School-Age Child (New~~York: Parent's Magazine Press, 1972) in Library Journal, Vol. 97 (December 1 , 1972), p. 3920.

Review of Edith G. Neisser, Primer for Parents of Pre-Schoolers (New York: Parent's Magazine Press, 1972) in Library Journal, Vol. 97 (December 1, 1972) , p. 3920.

Review of David Hendin, Death as a Fact of Life (New York: W. W. Norton & Company, Inc., 1973) in Library Journal, Vol. 98 (January 15, 1973), p. 171.

Review of Benjamin Garber, Follow-up of Hospitalized Adolescents (New York: Brunner/Mazel, 1972) in Library Journal, Vol. 98 (February 15, 1973), p. 552.

Review of Wallace J. McCulloch and Alistair E. Philip, Suicidal Behavior (New York: Pergamon, 1972) in Library Journal, Vol. 98 (February 15, 1973) , p. 552-553. Review of Joyce McLellan, The Question of Play (New York: Pergamon, 1972) in Library Journal , Vol. 98 (February 15, 1973), p. 553.

Review of Lawrence Gal ton, The Silent Disease (New York: Crown, 1973) in Library Journal, Vol. 98 (April 15, 1973), p. 1299.

Review of Frank and Theresa Caplan, The Power of Play (Garden City, New York: Doubleday, 1972) in Library Journal, Vol. 98 (April 1, 1973), pp. 1175- 1177.

Review of Marvin Kaye, A Toy is Born (New York: Stein and Day, 1973) in Library Journal, Vol. 9'8 (April 1 , 1973), pp. 1175-1177.

Review of Frances Tustin, Autism and Childhood Psychosis (New York: Science House, 1973) in Library Journal, Vol. 98 (April 1, 1973), pp. 1177-1178.

Review of Paul Wender, The Hyperactive Child: A Handbook for Parents (New York: Crown, 1973) in Library Journal, Vol. 98 (May 1 , 1973), pp. 1499-1500.

Review of Anne-Marie Henshel, The Forgotten Ones : A Sociological Study of Anglo and Chicano Retardates (Austin, Texas: University of Texas, 1973) in Library Journal, Vol. 98 (June 1, 1973), p. 1829.

Review of Mark Stewart and Sally Olds, The Hyperactive Child (New York: Harper & Row, 1973) in Library Journal, Vol. 98 (June 1 , 1973), p. 1833.

Review of Frank Caplan, The First Twelve Months of Life: Your Baby's Growth Month by Month (New York: Grosset & Dunlap, 1973) in Library Journal, Vol. 98 (June 1, 1973), pp. 1829-1830.

Review of Ronald J. Glasser, Ward 402 (New York: George Braziller, Inc., 1973) in Library Journal ,Vol. 98 (August, 1973), p. 2332.

Review of Richard J. Wagman, The Complete Illustrated Book of Better Health (Chicago: Doubleday/Ferguson, 1973) in Library Journal, Vol. 98 (June 15, 1973), p. 1928.

Review of Joan E. Cass, Helping Children Grow Through Play (New York: Shocken, 1973) In Library Journal, Vol. 98 (June 15, 1973), p. 1925.

Review of Felix F. de la Cruz and Gerald D. LaVeck, Human Sexuality and the Mentally Retarded (New York: Brunner/Mazel , 1973) in Library Journal; Vol. 98 (September 1, 1973), p. 2450.

Review of Virginia E. Pomeranz and Dodi Schultz, The First Five Years: A Relaxed Approach to Child Care (Garden City, New York: Doubleday, 1973) in Library Journal . Vol. 98 (July, 1973), p. 2120.

Review of Hilda K. Waldhorn, Rehabilitation of the Physically Handicapped Adolescent (New York: John Day, 1973) in Library Journal , Vol. 98 (July, 1973), p. 2127. Review of Ivan K. Goldberg and Sidney Maiitz and Austin H. Kutscher, Psychopharmacological Agents for the Terminally Ill and Bereaved (New York: Columbia University, 1973) in Library Journal , Vol. 98 (July, 1973), p. 2126.

Review of John N. Carver and Nellie Enders Carver, The Family of the Retarded Chijd (Syracuse, New York: Syracuse University, 1972) in Library Journal, Vol . 98 (July, 1973), p. 2129.

Review of Robert V. Heckel and P. G. Reeves, Jr., The Discharged Mental Patient: A 5-year Statistical Survey (Columbia , South Carolina: University of South Carolina, 1973) in Library Journal, Vol. 98 (July, 1973), p. 2119.

Review of Dorothy Clarke Wilson, Hilary: The Brave World of Hilary Pole (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1972) in Library Journal , Vol. 98 (July, 1973), p. 2083.

Review of Pamela Roby, Editor, Child Care--Who Cares?: Foreign and Domestic Infant and Early Childhood Development Policies (New York: Basic Books, 1973) in Library Journal , Vol. 98 (November 15, 1973), p. 3386.

Review of John Beloff, Psychological Sciences: A Review of Modern Psychology (New York: Harper & Row, 1973) in Library Journal , Vol. 98 (November 15, 1973), pp. 3382-3383.

Review of David M. Rorvik and 0. S. Heyns, Decompression Babies (New York: Dodd, Mead, & Company, 1973) in Library Journal, Vol. 98 (December 1, 1973), p. 3569.

Review of Stanley Milgram, Obedience to Authority: An Experimental View (New York: Harper & Row, 1973) in Library Journal, Vol. 98 (December 15, 1973) , p. 3642.

Review of Bruno Bettelheim, A Home for the Heart (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1974) in Library Journal, Vol. 99 (February 1 , 1974), p. 369.

Review of Richard Green, Sexual Identity Conflict in Children and Adults (New York: Basic Books, 1 973) in Library Journal , Vol. 99 (January 15, 1974) , p. 143.

Review of Geoffrey Marks and William K. Beatty, The Story of Medicine in America (New York: Basic Books, 1973) in Library Journal , Vol. 99 (January 15, 1974), p. 143.

Review of Bettye M. Caldwell and Henry M. Ricciuti, Review of Child Development Research, Volume Three: Child Development and Social Policy (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1973) in Library Journal, Vol. 99 (February 15, ,1974) p. 493.

Review of Elliott H. McCleary, New Miracles of Childbirth: What Modern Medicine is Doing to Make Childbearing Safer and Easier (New York: David McKay Company, 1974) in Library Journal, Vol. 99 (March 1, 1974), p. 669. Review of Shelia Kippley, Breast-Feeding and Natural Child Spacing: The Ecology of Natural Mothering (New York: Harper & Row, 1974), in Library Journal, Vol. 99 (March 15, 1974), pp. 766-767.

Review' of Shelia A. Fisher, Suicide and Crisis Intervention: Survey and Guide to Services (New York: Springer, 1 974) in Library Journal, Vol. 99 (April 1, 1974), p. 1044.

Review of Derek Miller, Adolescence: Psychology, Psychopathology and Psycho- therapy (New York: Aronson) in Library Journal, Vol.99 (April 15, 1974), P. 1140.

Review of Josephine A. Dolan, Nursing in Society: A Historical Perspective (Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Co., 1973) in American Journal of Nursing, Vol. 74 (July, 1974), pp. 1360-1362.

Review of Walter McQuade and Ann Aikman, Stress: How to Combat Tensions That are Threatening Your Life (New York: E.P. Dutton & Company, Inc., 1974) in Library Journal, Vol. 99 (July, 1974), p. 1834.

Review of Malcolm Carruthers, The Western Way of Death: Stress, Tension, and Heart Attacks (New York: Pantheon Books, 1974) in Library Journal, Vol . 99””(JuTy“, 1974) , p. 1834.

Review of Hans Selye, Stress Without Distress (Philadelphia: J.B. Lipincott, 1974) in Library Journal , Vol. 99 (July, 1974), p. 1834.

Review of Alvin L. Schorr, Children and Decent People (New York: Basic Books, 1974) in Library Journal”, Vol. 99 (July, 1974). p. 1839.

Review of Aron Ronald Bodenheimer, Doris: The Story of a Disfigured Deaf Child (Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1974) in Library Journal, Vol. 99 (May 15, 1974), p. 1397.

Review of Helen Harlan Wulf, Aphasia, My World Alone (Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1974) in Library Journal, Vol. 99 (May 15, 1974), p. 1397.

Review of Gwen D. Marram, The Group Approach In Nursing Practice (St. Louis: The C.V. Mosby Company, 1973) in American Journal of Nursing, Vol. 74 September, 1974), p. 1737.

Review of Miriam Seigler and Humphry Osmond, Models of Madness, Models of Medicine (New York: Macmillan Publishing Company, 1974) in Library Journal, Vol. 99 (September 1, 1974), p. 2074.

Review of Susanna Millar, The Psychology of Play (New York: Jason Aronson, 1974) in Library Journal, Vol. 99 (September 15, 1974), p. 2162.

Review of Doris Lund, Eric (Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott Company, 1974) in Library Journal, Vol. 99 (October, 1974), p. 2490.

Review of Violet Broadribb and Henry F. Lee, The Modern Parents' Guide to Baby and Child Care (Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott Company, 1973) in American Reference Books Annual, Vol. 6 (1975), p. 747. Review of Milton J. Chatton, Handbook of Medical Treatment (Los Altos, California: Lange, 1974) in American Reference Books Annual, Vol. 6 (1975), p. 739.

Review of D.A. Franklin and G.B. Newman, A Guide to Medical Mathematics (Nev/ York: John Wiley, 1973) in American Reference Books Annual, Vol. 6 (1975), pp. 739-740.

Review of Gerald J. Sugarman and Margaret N. Stone, Your Hyperactive Child (Chicago: Henry Regnery Company, 1974) in Library Journal, Vol. 99 (November!, 1974), p. 2857.

Review of Lee Salk, Preparing for Parenthood: Understanding your Feelings about Pregnancy, Childbirth and your Baby (New York: David McKay, 1974) in Library Journal, Vol. 100 (January 15, 1975), p. 137.

Review of Richard M. Sparks, Prostaglandin Abstracts, A Guide to the Literature Volume I: 1906-1970 (New York: Plenum Publishing Corporation, 1973) in American Reference Books Annual, Vol. 6 (1975), p. 745.

Review of Richard Koch, and Kathryn Jean Koch, Understanding the Mentally Retarded Child: A New Approach (New York: Random House, 1974) in Library Journal, Vol. 100' (April 1 , 1975), p. 681.

Review of Ben F. Feingold, Why Your Child is Hyperactive (New York: Random House, January 6, 1975) in Library Journal, Vol. 100 (March 15, 1975), pp. 593-594.

Review of Don Gold, Bellvue (New York: Harper and Row, May, 1975) in Library Journal , Vol. 100 (May 15, 1975), p. 997

Review of James P. Comer, M.D. and Alvin F. Possaint, M.D.,Black Child Care: How to Bring Up a Health Black Child in America (New York: Simon and Schuster, April, 1975) in Library Journal, Vol. 100 (May 15, 1975), p. 992

Review of Robert E. Rothenberg, The Complete Book of Breast Care (New York: Crown Publishers, Inc., 1975) in Library Journal, Vol. 100 (May 15, 1975), p. 998.

Review of Eugene C. Walker, Learn to Relax: 13 Ways to Reduce.Tension (New York: Spectrum, June 5, 1975) in Library Journal, Vol. 100 (June 15, 1975), pp. 1225-1226.

Reviewof Barbara Villet, Head Nurse (Nev/ York: Doubleday and Company, Inc., 1975) in Library Journal , Vol. 100 (June 15, 1975), pp. 1230-1231.

Review of Linda Pembrook, HowTo Beat Fatigue (New York: Doubleday and Company, Inc., July 11, 1975) in Library Journal, Vol. 100 (July, 1975), p. 1336.

Review of Nancy B. Ebeling and Deborah A. Hill, Child Abuse: Intervention and Treatment ( Acton, Massachusetts: Publishing Sciences Group, Inc., 1975) in Library Journal, Vol. 100 (August, 1975), p. 1433. Review of Richard I. Evans, Carl Rogers: The Man and His Ideas (E.P. Dutton, June 2, 1975) in Library Journal, Vol. 100 (September 1, 1975), p. 1558.

Review of Ingrid Mitchell, Giving Birth Together: The Modern Parents Home Program of Natural Childbirth Exercises with Case Histories, Illustrations, and More than 500 Photographs (New York: Seabury Press, July, 1975) in Library Journal, Vol. 100 (September 1, 1975), p. 1561.

Review of Irving N. Berlin, Advocacy for Child Mental Health (New York: Brunner/Mazel Publishers, 1975) in Library Journal, Vol. 100 (September 1, 1975), p. 1557.

Review of Dennis P. Cantwell, The Hyperactive Child: Diagnosis, Management, Current Research (New York: Spectrum Press, May 15, 1975) in Library Journal, Vol. 100 (September 1, 1975), p. 1557.

Review of Gunnel Enby, Let There Be Love: Six and the Handicapped (New York: Taplinger Publishing Company, August 14, 1975) in Library Journal, Vol. 100 (October 15, 1975), p. 1937.

Review of Naomi Feigelson Chase, A Child is Being Beaten: Violence Against Children, An American Tragedy (New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winstor?, August 14, 1975) in Library Journal, Vol. 100 (August, 1975), p. 1432.

Review of Grace L. Deloughery and Kristine M. Gebbie, Political Dynamics: Impact on Nurses and Nursing (St. Louis: C.V. Mosby Company, 1975) in American Journal of Nursing, Vol. 76 (April, 1976), p. 661.

Review of David R. Walters, Physical and Sexual Abuse of Children: Causes and Treatment (Indianapolis: Indiana University Press, November, 1975) in Library Journal, Vol. 100 (December 1, 1975), pp. 2259-2260.

Review of James Howard, The Little Victims (New York: David McKay, November 1975) in Library Journal, Vol. 100 (December 1, 1975), p. 2259.

Review of Michael J. Archuleta and Alyce J. Archuleta, Sudden Infant Death Syndrome: An Annotated Bibliography for the Layman (San Diego, California: Current Bi bliography Series, 1975) in "American Reference Books Annual, Vol. 6 (1975), p. 746.

Review of Peggy Anderson, Nurse (New York: . St. Martin's Press, Inc., 1978) in Library Journal, Vol. 103 (September 15, 1978), p. 1759.

and Others. RESEARCH GRANTS AND CONTRACTS

Co-Principal Investigator, "Study of the Impact of the U.S. Cadet Nurse Corps (1943-1948) on the American Nursing Profession through an Historical Analysis and Synthesis," a research grant (NU 00443) from the U.S. Public Health Service, National Institute of Health, Division of Nursing, for June 1, 1972 through August 31, 1974.

Co-Principal Investigator, "Study to Trace the Nature and Extent of the Impact of the Division of Nursing on the Development of Programs of Nursing Education and on the Delivery of Nursing Services," a research contract (NOL 44129) from the U.S. Public Health Service, Division of Nursing, for September 1, 1974 through March 30, 1977.

Co-Principal Investigator, "Nursing Involvement in Health Planning." Awarded for the period May 1, 1977 - September 1, 1977 by the Health Resources Administration, Division of Nursing, Contract Number HRA 230-75-00073.

Co-Principal Investigator, "The Popular Image of the Nurse in the Mass Media, 1873-1977," a research grant (NU 00579) from the U.S. Public Health Service, Division of Nursing, for April 1, 1977 through June 30, 1981.

TRAINING GRANTS AND CONTRACTS

Project Director, Pediatric Nurse Practitioner Program, a training contract (No. N01 NU 34059 P) from the U.S. Public Health Service, Division of Nursing for May 1, 1974 through August 31, 1977.

Project Director, Pediatric Nurse Practitioner Program, from the State of Michigan, Department of Public Health for September, 1974 through June 30, 1977.

Project Director, Development and Implementation of a Master's Degree Program in Parent-Child Nursing, a training grant (1023-NU 00017) from the U.S. Public Health Service, Division of Nursing for July 1, 1976 through June 30, 1979.

Project Director, Pediatric Nurse Practitioner Program, a grant from the U.S. Public Health Service, Division of Nursing for October 1, 1977 through September 30, 1980.

Project Director, Pediatric Nurse Practitioner Program from the State of Michigan, Department of Public Health for October 1, 1977 through September 30, 1980.

Project Director, Nurse Traineeships, from the U.S. Public Health Service, Division of Nursing for October 1, 1977 through September 30, 1979. Project Director, a Master's Degree Program in Parent-Child Nursing, a training grant from the U.S. Public Health Service, Division of Nursing for July 1, 1979 through August 31, 1981.

Project Director, Nurse Traineeships for Practitioner Students, from the Division of Nursing, U.S. Public Health Service, October 1, 1979- September 30, 1980.

Project Director, Pediatric Nurse Practitioner Program, from the State of Michigan, Department of Public Health, for September, 1979 to September, 1980.

PUBLICATIONS

Books and Reports

The Advance of American Nursing (Boston: Little, Brown, 1978). [co-author Philip A. Kalisch].

Nurturer of Nurses: The History of the Division of Nursing of the Public Health~Service, 1798-1977. (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, in press), [co-author Philip A. Kalisch].

Nursing Involvement in Health Planning (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Health Education and Welfare, 1978). [co-author Philip A. Kalisch].

Child Abuse and Neglect: An Annotated Bibliography (Westpoint, Connecticut: Greenwood Press, 1978).

From Training to Education: The Impact of Federal Aid on Schools of Nursing in the United States in the 1940's. Final Report of NU 00443 Research Grant, Division of Nursing, U.S. Public Health Service, December, 1974. [co-author Philip A. Kalisch].

Politics of Nursing (Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott, in press).

ARTICLES

B. Kalisch, "An Experiment in the Development of Empathy in Nursing Students," Nursing Research, Vol. 20 (May-June, 1971), pp. 202-211.

B. Kalisch, "Strategies for Developing Nurse Empathy," Nursing Outlook, Vol. 19 (November, 1971), pp. 714-718.

B. Kalisch, "What is Empathy?" American Journal of Nursing, Vol. 73 (September, 1973), pp. 1548-1552. Reprinted in: The Nursing Process in Practice (New York: The American Journal of Nursing Company, 1974). pp. 81-92. ARTICLES (continued)

Reprinted in: Geriatric Care, Vol. 6 (January, 1974). Contemporary Community Nursing (Boston: Little Brown and Company, 1975), pp. 275-284. A Guide to Nursing Practice and Drugs in Current Use (New York: The American Journal of Nursing Company, 1974).

B. Kalisch, "The How and Why of Empathy," Medical Alert Communications Bulletin (March, 1974).

B. Kalisch, "The Stigma of Obesity," American Journal of Nursing, Vol. 72 (June, 1972), pp. 1124-1127. Reprinted in: Contemporary Community Nursing (Boston: Little Brown and Company, 1975), pp. 205-211. Brent Hafen, editor, Problems of Overweight and Obesity (Provo, Utah, Brigham Young University, 1974).

B. Kalisch, "Summer Theater: Another Way to Learn," Nursing Outlook, Vol. 22 (January, 1974), pp. 31-34.

B. Kalisch, "Nursing Actions on Behalf of the Battered Child," Nursing Forum, Vol. 12 (November 4, 1973), pp. 365-377.

B. Kalisch, "What are Hospitals Doing About Child Abuse? Report of a Nationwide Survey," Hospital Topics, Vol. 52 (June, 1974), pp. 21-34.

B. Kalisch, "The Researcher's Role in Nursing," SREB Council on Collegiate Education for Nursing: Report of 21st. Meeting (Atlanta, Georgia: Southern Regional Education Board, 1974), pp. 31-40.

B. Kalisch, "Of Half-Gods and Mortals: Aesculapian Authority," Nursing Outlook, Vol. 23 (January, 1975), pp. 22-28. Reprinted in: Health Care: A Humane Approach, (New York: McGraw- Hill, 1979). Canadian Nurse, Vol. 71 (June, 1975), pp. 20-26. Japan Journal of Nurses' Education, Vol. 17 (February, 1979), pp. 80-90.

B. Kalisch, "Child Abuse: What Is It? What Can Be Done About It?" Nursing Care, Vol. 7 (June, 1974), pp. 23-25.

B. Kalisch, "Creativity and Nursing Research," Nursing Outlook, Vol. 23 (May, 1975), pp. 314-319. B. Kalisch and P. Kalisch, "Cadet Nurse: The Girl with a Future," Nursing Outlook, Vol. 21 (July, 1973), pp. 444-449.

B. Kalisch and P. Kalisch, "The Women's Draft: An Analysis of the Con- troversy over the Nurses’ Selective Service Bill of 1945," Nursing Research, Vol. 22 (September-October, 1973), pp. 402-413.

B. Kalisch and P. Kalisch, "Congress Copes with Nurse Shortage, 1941- 1971: Dynamics of Congressional Nurse Education Policy Formulation," Proceedings of the Ninth American Nurses' Association Research Con- ference (Kansas City: American Nurses' Association, 1974), pp. 317- 377.

P. kalisch and B. Kalisch, "Charnel Houses of the Frontier: Disease and Sickness Among the Troops at Forts Smith, Gibson, Towson, Wayne, Washita, and Arbuckle, 1839 to 1855," The Chronicles of Oklahoma. Vol. 50 (Spring, 1972), pp. 65-81.

B. Kalisch and P. Kalisch, "The U.S. Cadet Nurse Corps in World War II," American Journal of Nursing, Vol. 76 (February, 1976), pp. 240-242.

B. Kalisch and P. Kalisch, "A Discourse on the Politics of Nursing," The Journal of Nursing Administration, Vol. 6 (March-April, 1976), pp. 29-34. Reprinted in: Congressional Record (April 2, 1976), pp. E1781-E1783. The Politics of Self-Esteem (Wakefield, Massachusetts Concept Development, Inc., 1978).

B. Kalisch and P. Kalisch, "Slaves, Servants, or Saints? An Analysis of the System of Nurse Training in the United States, 1873-1948," Nursing Forum, Vol. 14 (November 3, 1975), pp. 222-263.

B. Kalisch and P. Kalisch, "Is History of Nursing Alive and Well7" Nursing Outlook, Vol. 24 (June, 1976), pp. 362-369.

B. Kalisch and P. Kalisch, "An Analysis of the Sources of Physician-Nurse Conflict," The Journal of Nursinq Administration. Vol. 7 (January. 1977), pp. 50-57

P. Kalisch and B. Kalisch, "Untrained But Undaunted: The Women Nurses’ of The Blue and the Grey," Nursing Forum, Vol. 15 (November 1. 1976). p. 4-33.

P. Kalisch and B. Kalisch, "Nurses Under Fire: The World War II Experience of Nurses in Bataan and Corregidor," Nursing Research, Vol. 25 (November-December, 1976), pp. 409-429.

P. Kalisch and B. Kalisch, "Lighting the Lamp of Higher Learning in Nursing Education, 1948-1977," Imprint, (February, 1977). BY UNITED STATES SENATOR DANIEL K. INOUYE

442ND REGIMENTAL COMBAT TEAM...Most highly decorated U.S.

World War II combat unit, composed solely of nisei

Japanese Americans. It included the 442nd Infantry Regiment, the 522nd Field Artillery Battalion and 232nd Engineer

Combat Company, all of whom fought in France and Italy against Nazi German forces.

The Japanese Americans who joined the unit saw it as a means to strongly assert their partriotism and to dispel widespread false impressions that they were second-class citizens who could not be trusted in America's war effort.

During 225 days of combat, over 10,000 men passed through the ranks of the 442nd Regimental Combat Team.

Several hundred were killed, 700 were maimed and another

100 were wounded seriously. By 1 May 1946, the soldiers accumulated 3,600 Purple Hearts, 7 Presidential Unit

Citations, 47 Distinguished Service Crosses, 12 Croix de

Guerre and a Medal of Honor, among the more than 4,400 decorations.

After the Japanese bomber assault on Pearl Harbor,

Hawaii, a resulting frenzy and hysteria throughout the

United States led people to believe Japanese American -2-

citizens were saboteurs and enemies of the U.S. government. Federal authorities removed Japanese

Americans from the ranks of the National Guard, turning them over to Army engineers as common laborers.

Whole Japanese American communities in the Mainland

United States were uprooted to intolerable detention centers or "relocation camps."

Nisei men demanded an opportunity to demonstrate their loyalty and filed petitions and requests at federal offices to allow them to join the armed forces.

As a result, the government in 1942 reinstated former

National Guardsmen and organized the all-nisei 100th

Battalion. On 22 January 1943, the War Department organized by decree of President Franklin D. Roosevelt the 442nd Regimental Combat Team. An initial call for

1,500 recruits was answered by about 10,000 eligible men, forcing the expansion of the unit to 2,686 charter members, principally from Hawaii and California. The unit’s size swelled as the war progressed.

The unit began basic training on 1 February 1943 at

Camp Shelby, Mississippi, where emerged its famous motto, "Go for Broke," an expression of the unit’s intense desire for battlefield honor and of its genuine patriotic spirit. It left America for Naples, Italy on -3-

1 May 1944 where it soon confronted the Nazi forces in the Rome-Arno River campaign. By September 1944, the soldiers moved to France to engage in the bloody

Vosges Mountain campaign in which they rescued a lost battalion of the 141st Infantry. They later fought in the Battle of Bruyeres and returned once again to

Italy to spearhead the final assault against the

Nazis.

### PR RS:jmpl------8-2 ARTICLES

August 2, 1977

Mr. Gen Itasaka Editor, Encyclopedia of Japan Room 218 2 Divinity Avenue Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138

Dear Mr. Itasaka:

I am in receipt of your letter about the proposed Encyclopedia of Japan project, and wish to thank you for the invitation to write a 300-400 word entry on the 442nd Regimental Combat Team.

I would be pleased to write such an article and will send it to you before the deadline at the end of this year. Please be assured I will follow the instructions contained in your style manual enclosed with your letter.

Aloha,

DANIEL K. INOUYE United States Senator

DKI:jmpl Telecopied 5/20/81 to Hnl for

delivery by Dave to Larry Nakatsuka

for Hi. Chamber of Commerce newsltr.

--gregg STATEMENT FOR HAWAII CHAMBER OF COMMERCE NEWSLETTER

Recently I joined with my colleagues in the United

States Senate in voting to approve the budget resolution for fiscal year 1982, setting spending and tax goals for our nation. I did so because it is necessary for the

Federal government to do its share to reduce our unacceptably high rate of inflation and heavy tax burden.

However, it is my firm conviction that none of us in the Senate was elected to serve as a rubber stamp for this President or any other president.

In the next few months, Congress will be determining the future course of many individual social programs benefiting the people of this nation. Some of them have outlived their purpose, and need to be trimmed or eliminated; others continue to provide vital, worthy services. I will be doing my part to ensure that the budget axe does not unfairly fall on the truly needy.

I will not support programs simply because they have long been a part of government. Rather, I will support those programs that will serve the best interests of our country, provided that these programs cannot, or will not, be undertaken by local government or private business.

I look forward to hearing your thoughts and concerns as we make these difficult decisions. SENATOR:

Hawaii Chamber of Commerce wishes to use comments of Hawaii delegation in its newsletter on:

"Why I voted for the Reagan budget"

DRAFT RESPONSE ATTACHED.

--gregg gregg/kirk

STATEMENT FOR HAWAII CHAMBER OF COMMERCE NEWSLETTER

Recently I joined with my colleagues in the United

States Senate in voting to approve the budget tax goals for our nation. I did so because it is necessary for the Federal government to do its share to reduce our unacceptably high rate of inflation and heavy tax burden.

However, it is my firm conviction that none of us in the Senate was elected to serve as a rubber stamp for th President

In the next few months, Congress will be determining the future course of many individual social programs benefiting the people of this nation. Some of them have outlived their purpose, and need to be trimmed or eliminated: others provide continue to vital, worthy services. I will be doing my part to ensure that the budget axe does not unfairly fall on the truly needy.

I not support programs simply because they have long been a part of government. Rather,

the best interests of our country, cannot, or will not, be undertaken by local government or private business.

I look forward to hearing your thoughts and concerns as we make these difficult decisions. Development banks work for stability The following is a portion of an article written for a special section in Sunday ’s Washington Post on this week 's meeting of the Asian Development Bank in Honolulu. By Senator Daniel K. Inouye This year the Asian Development Bank is, for the first time, holding its annual meeting in the United States, in Hawaii. The timing is fortuitous, because I believe press coverage of the meeting will increase public awareness and support of the Bank ’s operations. The importance of this is underscored by the fact that the Reagan Administration is, at this moment, conducting a broad-scale policy review which will set the course of future United States participation in the Asian Development Bank as well as in the World Bank and the other multilateral development lending institu - sponses to what are fundamentally economic problems. tions. THOUGH IMPROBABLE, if the now discredited poli - TO THE PROPONENTS of these policies, change is cy prescriptions of the Stockman Foreign Aid Re - threatening and works against our interests And, they trenchment memorandum are revived, United States believe, time is not on our side. Rather than seeking to participation could end altogether. promote gradual, evolutionary economic and . social This is a very serious business. The outcome of these development, they seek to deal with change by resist - deliberations will determine the very nature and ance, stopping it where possible, delaying it where it strength of American influence and leadership in a cannot be stopped. They seek to impose rather than world economy of increasing importance to the United create stability. States. I am deeply concerned that, unless the public Though this latter distinction may strike some as and the Congress actively engage in making their sophistry, as a pretentious characterization, I believe it views and preferences known , this policy review could is of extraordinary significance for it explains many of well be conducted in a closed circle of "conservatives " the foreign policy actions of the Reagan administration who denigrate the importance of the development lend - to date. And, I believe, it reveals a fundamental mis- ing institutions and deny their significance as instru - perceptibn on the part of the Reagan administration of ments for managing the stable evolution of the inte rn a- the basic causes of instability in today's complex world . tional economy. Change defines the essential character of our time. It is a curious anomaly of contemporary American Its offspring is instability. Wherever we look we find politics that many self-styled conservatives do not recognize the value of these institutions. In their long - new and disruptive economic and political forces emerging. New relationships between nations, and ing for the security of a simpler and less complex time, they would sweep away the carefully structured and groups of nations, are altering or replacing familiar; established ties. North is pitted against South as pat - broadly accepted international framework for promot - terns of trade and finance, which served some, but not ing economic development and peaceful social change . all, well, are no longer accepted with complacency. THOUGH I SUSPECT there is a diversity of thought The new-found and growing wealth of oil-rich countries and opinion in the Reagan administration, it has be - is counterpoised with the increasing destitution of come apparent that there is a dominant view of the resource-poor countries. world which guides much of the administration ’s ap - proach to international affairs. From what I have seen MUCH OF THE world is plagued by high rates ■ of and read, I believe key figures in the administration inflation, soaring energy costs, low economic growth look to the outside world and see what they regard as rates, and unprecedented payments imbalances. The an environment essentially hostile to the United States. United States has itself grown increasingly dependent Their initiatives in foreign affairs mirror policies upon foreign sources of petroleum and minerals and which were forged in the heat of global military com - upon foreign markets for our manufacturing ‘exports. petition, policies which do not recognize the many Nations we have assisted in the past are now prosper - changes which have taken place over the past several ous and self-sufficient. Indeed, some of them compete decades and thus are inappropriate for today. with us all too well and cause us great concern. Others For example, an altogether disproportionate amount continue to require our assistance to meet the most of the administration ’s foreign assistance funding basic needs of their people. proposals are predicated on security assumptions pri - Major and profound changes in the world shape the marily military in nature. They seek to establish, context within which we Americans must live-and through strengthened military ties and economic and work. Underlying these changes is a profound sense of security assistance "targeted " on "friendly " countries, discontent, both here and abroad. outposts for trade and fortresses for security. The challenge facing the United States —the diplo - There is no framework, no unifying theme to these mat, the politician, the American worker —is not efforts. They are nothing more than the projection of a whether but how to respond, how to bring order and series of ad hoc military and security assistance re - stability to a time of change . Pr GTm------Articles 8-2

April 29, 1981

Mr. Gen Itasaka Editor, Encyclopedia of Japan Room 218 2 Divinity Avenue Cambridge, Massachusetts 02318

Dear Mr. Itasaka:

I wish to acknowledge receipt of your recent letter regarding copyright release and editing of my article on the 442nd Regimental Combat Team.

I have enclosed a signed letter of agreement, as requested.

I wish to make a revision in some figures cited in the article. The third paragraph, third sentence should instead read:

"By the end of the war, the soldiers accumulated 18,143 medals for valor, including 1 Medal of Honor, 52 Distinguished Service Crosses, 1 Distinguished Service Medal, 560 Silver Stars plus 28 Oak Leaf Clusters, 4,000 Bronze Stars with 1,200 Oak Leaf Clusters, and 9,486 Purple Hearts."

Thank you for your assistance.

Aloha,

DANIEL K. INOUYE United States Senator

DKI: mcb Enclosure MEMORANDUM

SENATOR:

Editors made technical

style changes in your

article, but it otherwise

is intact.

Your signature requested on copyright form attached.

--gregg Encyclopedia of Japan

2 Divinity Avenue Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138 Dear Contributor: Telephone (617)492-0929 Your articles for the Encyclopedia of Japan have gone through the basic stage of our editing process. Aside from the usual editing for grammar, usage, and so on, we have had to impose consistency by ensuring that the beginning paragraph of each article conforms to Encyclopedia format, that the lengths of articles reflect the general pattern and organization of the whole Encyclopedia, and that overlapping Gen Hasaka information and other inconsistencies among related Maurits Dekker articles are averted. We have also attempted to regularize dates and the use of Japanese terms and their English translations. We would like to secure your approval of the edited versions (please find copies Edwin O. Reischauer, Chairman enclosed) before they are copy edited and sent to the

GeraldHarvard UniversityE. Curtis typesetter. Because of time pressure we do not plan Columbia University to send authors proofs of their articles. This will Ronald P. Dore be your final chance to make any corrections or The University of Sussex suggestions. John W. Hall Yale University We also need to secure copyright, in the name of Howard Hibbett Harvard University the publisher, Kodansha, Ltd., of all articles in the Akira Iriye Encyclopedia. We are enclosing two copies of a letter The University of Chicago of agreement for this purpose, one for you to sign and Masatoshi Nagatomi return to us, the other for your records. One point Harvard University that we ask you to pay particular attention to is the Hugh Patrick Yale University question of existing copyright. If your articles

John Rosenfield contain any quotation, chart, or other material for Harvard University which permission will be needed, please either secure Donald H. Shirely permission in writing and send it to use for our files Harvard University or inform us so that we can do it. We are completely Ezra F. Vogel dependent on you for this. We will assume, for example, Harvard University that any unidentified translations from the Japanese Michael Y. Yoshino are by you and not previously copyrighted by another Harvard University publisher unless you inform us otherwise.

Copy editing of manuscripts is a later stage of our process and may not be reflected in the enclosed copies. As noted in the letter of agreement, we reserve the right to do this without informing you

Kodans ha Tokyo New York Encyclopedia of Japan

further. In the vast majority of cases, copy editing will involve only standardization of typography, spelling, capitalization, and word division, marking of headings, indication of cross-references, and other such purely technical considerations. However, we will make every effort to inform you if, in our judgment, copy editing leads to significant changes that might concern you.

As for any changes we might have already made in your manuscripts, we hope you will understand the reasons for them. At the same time, we are aware that typographical or other errors may have crept in (we have had to have many manuscripts retyped), and we would appreciate your help with this. For your information, any words and phrases marked for small capitals (double underlining) are cross references to other articles; any changes in these must be made by our editors. Please let us know if your signature as it appears at the end of your articles is correct.

If you have any questions, or if you wish to make any corrections or additional changes, please get in touch with us soon. If you have no questions, just sign one copy of the letter of agreement and return it to us as an indication of approval of the edited versions of your manuscripts. In any case, it is important that we have your reply within two or three weeks.

Thank you for your continued cooperation and help.

Yours sincerely,

The Encyclopedia of Japan staff

Please note that our new address is 96 Mt. Auburn St. 42381 Daniel K. Inouye

LETTER OF AGREEMENT

I have received $ 24.00 as complete compensation for my work in doing research and writing the articles listed below for the ENCYCLOPEDIA OF JAPAN, to be published by Kodansha, Ltd.

442nd Regimental Combat Team

I grant to the Publisher (Kodansha, Ltd.) the right, title, and interest in and to the Articles, without limiting the right of the Publisher to publish and sell the Articles as part of the Work (ENCYCLOPEDIA OF JAPAN) and in any form the Publisher desires.

The Publisher may use my name in the Work.

The Articles will be copyrighted in the name of Kodansha, Ltd., and the Publisher has the right to obtain all renewals and extensions of this copyright.

I assure the Publisher that the Articles do not infringe upon any existing copyright or other rights, and in the event of any such infringement, all expenses involved in any damage suit shall be borne by me.

I understand that the Publisher has the right to copy edit my submitted manuscripts because of space limitations, factual errors, readability, punctuation, or style consistency.

If the Publisher feels the original manuscripts have been altered extensively, I will be shown the copy-edited versions; if not, no further version or proof will be shown to me. This is left to the discretion of the Publisher.

I accept the above Letter of Agreement

Signature Date 442ND REGIMENTAL COMBAT TEAM..Most highly decorated US

World War II combat unit, composed solely of nisei

Japanese Americans;. It included the 442nd Infantry Regiment,

the 522nd Field Artillery Battalion and 232nd Engineer

Combat Company, all of whom fought m France and Italy

against Nazi German forces.

The Japanese Americans who joined the unit saw it as

a means to strongly assert their partriotism and to dispel

widespread false impressions that they were second-class

citizens who could not be trusted in Americas war effort.

During 225 days of combat, over 10,000 men passed

through the ranks of the 442nd Regimental Combat Team.

Several hundred were killed, 700 were maimed, and another 100 were wounded seriously.

After the Japanese bomber assault on Pearl Harbor

Hawaii resulting frenzy and hysteria throughout the

United States led people to believe Japanese American -2-

citizens were saboteurs and enemies of the US government. Federal authorities removed Japanese

Americans from the ranks of the National Guard, turn-

ing them over to Army engineers as common laborers.

Whole Japanese-American communities in the Mainland

United States were uprooted to intolerable detention

centers or "relocation camps."

Nisei men demanded an opportunity to demonstrate

their loyalty and filed petitions and requests at

federal offices to allow them to join the armed forces.

As a result, the government in 1942 reinstated former

National Guardsmen and organized the all-nisei 100th

Battalion. On 22 January 1943, the War Department

organized by decree of President Franklin D. Roosevelt

the 442nd Regimental Combat Team. An initial call for

1,500 recruits was answered by about 10,000 eligible

men, forcing the expansion of the unit to 2,686 Charter

members, principally from Hawaii and California. The

unit’s size swelledas the war progressed.

The unit began basic training on 1 February 1943 at

Camp Shelby, Mississippi, where emerged its famous

motto, "Go for Broke," an expression of the unit’s

intense desire for battlefield honor and of its genuine

patriotic spirit. It left America for Naples, Italy on -3-

1 May 1944 where it soon confronted the Nazi forces in the Rome-Arno River campaign. By September 1944, the soldiers moved to France to engage in the bloody

Vosges Mountain campaign in which they rescued a lost battalion of the 141st Infantry. They later fought in the Battle of Bruyeres and returned once again to

Italy to spearhead the final assault against the Encyclopedia of Japan

Editorial office February 15, 1979 Room 218 2 Divinity Avenue Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138 The Honorable Daniel K. Inouye

Telephone Room 442, Russell Senate Building (617)492-0929 Washington, D. C. 20510

Dear Senator Inouye:

Our annual newsletter will be appearing this March in time for distribution at the Association for Asian Studies’(AAS) meeting in Los Angeles. Would you be interested in writing a short article of perhaps 400 words for the newsletter? Editors Gen ltasaka One of the following topics might make an interesting article: Maurits Dekker (1) An autobiographical sketch, anecdote or episode;

Advisory Committee (2) A constituency interest topic, e.g., a Federal project affecting Japanese Hawaiians; Edwin O. Reischauer, Chairman Harvard University (3) A U.S. - Japanese current relations topic from your

Gerald L. Curtis Washington perspective; Columbia University (4) A current view of Japanese - U.S. trade relations. Ronald P. Dore The University of Sussex Of course these are only suggestions. We would be very pleased John W. Hall to receive an article from you on any topic you thought suit- Yale University able. Howard Hibbett Harvard University I would like to bring you up to date on the Encyclopedia of Akira Iriye The University of Chicago Japan's progress. Since we first contacted you to write on

Masaloshi Nagatomi the 442nd REGIMENTAL COMBAT TEAM, we have increased the num- Harvard University ber of articles we expect the project to contain to 12,000 Hugh Patrick and the number of words to 3,500,000. Approximately 1,000 authors Yale University from about 25 countries have written for the project, and we John Rosenfield expect that it will be completed in 1981. Harvard University Donald H. Shively Harvard University If you decide to write an article for the newsletter, please send

Ezra F. Fogel us a recent photograph and a list of those people to whom you Harvard University would like copies of the newsletter sent. Michael Y. Yoshino Harvard University We look forward to hearing from you soon. We would need to have the article in our office by March 12.

Sincerely,

Gen Itasaka Encyclopedia of Japan

The Honorable Daniel K. Inouye Room 218 2 Divinity Avenue Room 442, Russell Senate Building Cambridge, Massachusetts Washington, D.C. 20510 02138

ATTENTION GREGG TAKAYAMA RS:jmpl PR ------8-2 ARTICLES

November 14, 1977

Mr. Gen Itasaka Editor, Encyclopedia of Japan Room 218 2 Divinity Avenue Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138

Dear Mr. Itasaka:

I am happy to forward the brief article you requested on the 442nd Regimental Combat Team for the forthcoming Encyclopedia of Japan.

I hope the style and content of the article meets your expectations. Please accept my best wishes for success in your project.

Aloha,

DANIEL K. INOUYE United States Senator

DKI:jmpl Enclosure 3. For romanization of Japanese proper names, see below. For Chinese use the modified Wade-Giles system. For Korean use the McCune- Reischauer system. For other languages see the Chicago Manual of Style.

Japanese Proper Names

1. General:

Proper nouns in Japanese are italicized only where they would be so treated in English (e.g., titles of books, magazines, plays, movies, works of art, ships, legal cases, and so forth; see page 16 of this style sheet) . Proper nouns that are not italicized should be capitalized as in English.

e.g., Soka Gakkai Seirankai Sempaku Kyokai Kodoha

For clarity, use English words whenever possible; an English word used with a Japanese proper noun should be capitalized only when it is an official part of the name, not when it is merely descriptive.

e.g., Nichiren sect Bon festival Kakumaru faction BUT Mitsubishi Group

See page 13 of this style sheet and Chapter 7 of the Chicago Manual of Style for further details.

2. Personal names:

For transliteration of Japanese names [and names in all other languages not employing the Latin alphabet) consult the Library of Congress catalog cards. If there is no catalog card for a particular name, use the most commonly accepted reading. For personal name entries, give alternative readings and names within parentheses.

e.g., OKAKURA KAKUZO (also called Okakura Tenshin) ISHIWARA KANJI (also known as Ishihara Kanji)

If you have reason to believe that any particular reading of a name is preferable, please so inform the editors, still supplying all alternate readings. Our decision will be based on editorial considerations.

Japanese names will be listed in Japanese order (surname first) or in accordance with common Japanese usage.

e.g., Miki Takeo BUT Saikaku Basho 9 3. Place Names:

Place names should be romanized as explained on page 8 of this style sheet and capitalized as in English.

Please indicate location--prefecture, major landmarks, and so forth--for each place name entry. A useful English-language source is the Columbia Lippincott Gazeteer of the World,

Use the common English version of place names as much as possible. Please note that English generic terms such as lake, bay, and mountain are capitalized when used as part of a proper noun.

e.g., either Lake Biwa or Biwako (not Lake Biwako) either Seto-naikai or the Inland Sea (not Seto Inland Sea)

Identify old place names by giving their modern version in parentheses.

e.g., Edo (present-day Tokyo) Higo (now Kumamoto Prefecture)

Other Japanese Words

Except for words that have come into common English usage (see "Roman- ization," page 8 ), Japanese words occurring in the text of your article should be in italics. An English translation should be given for each Japanese word or term you introduce. If a translation is literal, and attention needs to be called to that, it should be enclosed in quotation marks on first mention.

e.g,, kinken seiji ("money politics")

Do not tax the reader’s mind with too many foreign words to remember. It would be helpful, however, if you include the Japanese when the translation alone would be only approximate (i.e., for words such as wabi, kokoro, etc.); when the Japanese word is listed as a separate entry in the Encyclopedia; when there is more than one common translation, and so on.

Dates and Historical Periods

1. Please use the preferred date style, which eliminates the need for commas.

e.g,, 19 August 1975 January 1946

2. As a rule please give dates in Western style first, followed by Japanese-style dates in parentheses (year.month.day).

e.g., 1945 (Showa 20) 6 August 1945 (Showa 20.8.6)

10 3. Please convert all lunar dates (that is, all Japanese dates before 1873) to their solar equivalent, using conversion tables such as Paul Tsuchihashi, Japanese Chronological Tables or Naimusho Chiri- kyoku, Sansei Soran. Otherwise please alert the editors to the need for conversion. The "Western style" dates given in Japanese reference works are often approximate rather than precise equivalents of the lunar dates. The charts should be used regardless of time of year (see example 3 below).

e.g., Tokugawa leyasu was born in Tembun 11. Since the day was Tembun 11.12.26 (solar 31 January 1543) the solar equivalent of his year of birth is 1543, not 1542 as often cited.

The "47 Samurai" incident took place on Genroku 15.12.15. The solar equivalent of this is 31 January 1703, not 15 December 1702. (Here, of course, it is necessary to mention that the incident is traditionally remembered on 14 December.)

Japan's modern postal system was established on Meiji 4.3.1. The solar equivalent of this is 20 April 1871, not 1 March 1871.

4. Use figures in referring to decades and centuries.

e.g., the 4th century B.C. the 19th century or the 1800s the 60s or the 1960s

5. Wherever it would make better sense, please refer to centuries rather than historical periods. However, if you do refer to a historical period, give inclusive dates in parentheses on first mention.

e.g,, the Tokugawa period (1600-1867)

Numbers

1. General rules for use in text:

Numbers from one through nine should be spelled out; numbers of 10 or more should be in figures.

e.g,, seven people 34 years old

But numbers in the same category should be treated alike throughout a paragraph (i.e., if any number is over nine all should be in figures). Figures should be used for dates and for parts of books.

Very large numbers may be expressed in figures and units of millions or billions.

11 1. Where there are frequent references to proper names that are commonly known by their abbreviations, the abbreviations should be used. On first mention please spell out fully and put the abbreviation in parentheses. After that, the abbreviation alone is sufficient.

e.g., Liberal Democratic party (LDP) Self-Defense Forces (SDF) Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS)

Consult the Asahi gendai yogo jiten (Asahi Shimbunsha, 1975) for the standard abbreviations of the names of Japanese organizations.

2. Well-known abbreviations of scientific and technical terms may be used freely. See section below.

3. Abbreviations should be used freely in charts and tables.

e.g., in text: kilometer, percent in table: km., %

Scientific and Technical Terms

1. Names of plants and animals:

Common names of plants and animals should be lowercased and Japanese words italicized, except for proper nouns that form part of the name.

e.g., Virginia creeper, Tosa inu.

Entries on animals, insects, and plants of Japan should be listed with both the popular English and the Latin equivalents in parentheses.

e.g., sugi (Japanese cedar; Cryptomeria japonica)

See the Chicago Manual of Style, pars. 7.98-7.109, for a description of the treatment of Latin terms.

2. Names of diseases, syndromes, tests, etc. should be lowercased.

3. On first mention technical terms may be put in italics. See the Chicago Manual of Style, pars. 6.45 and 6.46,

4. Well-known scientific abbreviations and symbols may be used freely.

Sexism

We feel that it is possible and necessary to write English that avoids both explicit and implicit sexism. We would appreciate your help.

14 SENATOR: DO YOU WISH TO CONTRIBUTE AN ARTICLE FOR THIS PUBLISHING PROJECT? I CAN REWRITE THE ARTICLE ON THE 442nd YOU SENT ALMOST 2 YEARS AGO TO THE HAWAII BICENTENNIAL ENCYCLOPEDIA.

-- RICK Encyclopedia ofJapan

Editorial office

Room 218 2 Divinity Avenue Cambridge, Massachusetts July 20, 1977 02138

Telephone Senator Daniel Inouye (617) 492-0929 Senate Office Building Washington, D.C. 20025

Dear Senator Inouye:

We are in the midst of compiling a comprehensive, five-volume reference work to be entitled the Enycyclopedia

Editors of Japan, a Kodansha project with a projected publication date of 1979. The enclosed letter from Professor Reischaue Gen Itasaka Maurits Dekker gives a brief description of the project and its aims. I would like to ask if you would be interested in writing one of our entries. We would very much appreciate your Advisory Committee help. Edwin O. Reischauer, Chairman Harvard University Specifically, we wonder if you would agree to write Gerald L. Curtis Columbia University our entry on the 442nd INFANTRY. We will have general

Ronald P. Dore entries on JAPANESE AMERICANS, WORLD WAR II, and so on, The University of Sussex but we would also like to have a short, separate entry John W. Hall Yale University Infantry, which would perhaps mention the 100th Battalion. Howard Hibbett We would be very honored if you would agree to write this Harvard University entry for us. Akira Iriye The University of Chicago I am enclosing a copy of our authors' manual, which Masatoshi Nagatomi Harvard University contains a description of this project and an explanation

Hugh Patrick of entry format. Our deadline for manuscripts is the end Yale University of six cents John Rosenfield a word. Harvard University Donald H. Shively If you have any questions about the Encyclopedia Harvard University or about the article on the 442nd Infantry, please do not Ezra F. Fogel Harvard University hesitate to let us know.

Michael V. Yoshino Harvard University We very much hope to have your help with this project, and will be looking forward to hearing from you.

Yours sincerely,

Gen Itasaka

Gl/bn Enclosures

Publisher

Kodansha Tokyo/New York HARVARD UNIVERSITY

Edwin O. Reischauer Room 503 1737 Cambridge Street Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138

Phone (617) 495-3220

We are asking for your cooperation in a project of very broad significance for Japanese relations with the United States and other countries. This is an English-language encyclopedia on Japan. It will be the first trulv comprehensive reference work on Japan in a foreign language. I am sure you will agree that this is something that is greatly needed.

The Encyclopedia of Japan will be published by Kodansha, one of Japan’s greatest and most respected publishing houses, and it will appear in four volumes with a fifth for an index. There will be about 8,000 entries covering geography, history, literature, art, business, and various aspects of Japanese society and culture. Mr. Gen Itasaka is serving as the general editor with offices in Cambridge, Massachusetts, and there is an advisory committee of Western scholars under my chairman- ship. The various articles will range from broad essays on certain kev topics written by outstanding Japanese or Western authorities down to brief identifications of lesser items.

There is, of course, a great deal of first-rate scholarly work on Japan, but much of it is not easily accessible or at least not close at hand for most people. The encyclopedia we are planning will be a convenient reference work not only for scholars and students but also for businessmen and all the thousands of other people who have some contact with Japan. By providing a reliable, comprehensive, and easily available source of information on Japan, the Encyclopedia of Japan, I am sure, will help to further fruitful relationships between Japan and the outside world. It will not only help to answer many of the questions foreigners have about Japan but will also stimulate their interest and desire to know more.

All of us, of course, would wish to see this Encyclopedia of Japan made as good as possible. For this we ask your cooperation and advice. We would appreciate your views and comments on the project and also would value your collaboration on some of the contents.

Very sincerely yours,

Edwin 0. Reischauer BY UNITED STATES SENATOR DANIEL K. INOUYE

442ND REGIMENTAL COMBAT TEAM....Most highly decorated U.S.

World War II combat unit, composed solely of nisei Japanese

Americans. It the 442nd Infantry Regiment, the

522nd Field Artillery Battalion and 232nd Engineer Combat

Company, all of whom fought in Franc Ital against Nazi German.

The Japanese Americans who joined the unit saw it as a means to strongly assert their patriotism and to dispel widespread false impressions that they were second-class

citizens who could not be trusted in America's war effort.

During 225 days of combat, over 10,000 men passed through the ranks of the 442nd Regimental Combat Team. Several hundred were killed, 700 were maimed and another 100 were wounded seriously. By 1 May 1946, the soldiers accumulated

3600 purple hearts, 7 Presidential Unit Citations, 47

Distinguished Service Crosses, 12 Croix de Guerre and a

Medal of Honor, among the more than 4400 decorations.

After the Japanese bomber assault on Pearl Harbor,

Hawaii, a resulting frenzy and hysteria throughout the United

States led people to believe Japanese American citizens were saboteurs and enemies of the U.S. government. Federal authorities removed Japanese Americans from the ranks of the National Guard, ENCYCLOPEDIA/22222

turning them over to Army engineers as common laborers. Whole

Japanese American communities in the Mainland United States were uprooted to intolerable detention centers or "relocation camps."

Nisei men demanded an opportunity to demonstrate their loyalty and filed petitions and requests at federal offices to allow them to join the armed forces. As a result, the government in 1942 reinstated former National Guardsmen and organized the all-nisei 100th Battalion. On 22 January 1943, the War Department organized by decree of President Franklin D. Roosevelt the

442nd Regimental Combat Team. An initial call for 1500 recruits was answered by about 10,000 eligible men, forcing the expansion of the unit to 2686 charter members, principally from Hawaii and California. The unit’s size swelled as the war progressed.

The unit began basic training on 1 February 1943 at

Camp Shelby, Mississippi, where emerged its famous motto,

"Go for Broke," an expression of the unit's intense desire for battlefield honor and of its genuine patriotic spirit. It left

America for Naples, Italy on 1 May 1944 where it soon confronted the Nazi in the Rome-Arno River campaign. By September 1944, the soldiers moved to France to engage in the bloody Vosges

Mountain campaign in which they rescued a lost battalion of the 141st Infantry. They later fought in the Battle of Bruyeres and DRAFT ARTICLE FOR ENCYCLOPEDIA OF JAPAN

(Please note that the first paragraph conforms to the encyclopedia style manual)

BY UNITED STATES SENATOR DANIEL K. INOUYE

442ND REGIMENTAL COMBAT TEAM....Most highly decorated U.S.

World War II combat unit^ composed solely of nisei Japanese

Americans. It encompassed the 442nd Infantry Regiment, the

522nd Field Artillery Battalion and 232nd Engineer Combat

Company, all of whom fought in the Franco-Italian front against Nazi Germany.

The Japanese Americans who joined the unit saw it as a means to strongly assert their patriotism and to dispel widespread false impressions that they were second-class citizens who could not be trusted in America’s war effort.'

3600 purple hearts, 7 Presidential Unit Citations, 47

Distinguished Service Crosses, 12 Croix de Guerre and a

Medal of Honor, among the more than 4400 decorations.

After the Japanese bomber assault on Pearl Harbor,

Hawaii, a resulting frenzy and hysteria throughout the United

turning them over to Army engineers as common laborers. Whole

Japanese American communities in the Mainland United States were uprooted to intolerable detention centers or "relocation

camps."

Nisei men demanded an opportunity to demonstrate their

loyalty and filed petitions and requests at federal offices to

allow them to join the armed forces. As a result, the government

in 1942 reinstated former National Guardsmen and organized the

all-nisei 100th Battalion. On 22 January 1943, the War Department

organized by decree of President Franklin D. Roosevelt the

442nd Regimental Combat Team. An initial call for 1500 recruits

was answered by about 10,000 eligible men, forcing the expansion

of the unit to 2686 charter members, principally from Hawaii

and California. The unit's size swelled as the war progressed.

The unit began basic training on 1 February 1943 at

Camp Shelby, Mississippi, where emerged its famous motto,

"Go for Broke," an expression of the unit's intense desire for

battlefield honor and of its genuine patriotic spirit. It left

America for Naples, Italy on 1 May 1944 where it soon confronted

the Nazi Amry in the Rome-Arno River campaign. By September 1944,

the soldiers moved to France to engage in the bloody Vosges

Mountain campaign in which they rescued a lost battalion of

the 141st Infantry. They later fought in the Battle of Bruyeres

and at Livorno, Italy and Mount Marichiaso near the Po River. MANUAL

for the

Encyclopedia of Japan

Kodansha

Editorial Oflice: 2 Divinity Avenue Cambridge, Mass 02138 (Revised) (617) 492-0929 CONTENTS

PART I. GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS

Aims and Scope of the Encyclopedia 3 Audience and Level of Entries 3 Content and Length of Entries 4 Arrangement of Entries 4

PART II. MANUSCRIPT PREPARATION

What to Submit 5 Please Keep in Mind 5 Subheads 6 Bibliography 6 Cross-references 7 Related Entries 7 Illustrations 7

PART III. STYLE SHEET

Romanization 8

Japanese Proper Names 9

Other Japanese Words 10

Dates and Historical Periods 10

Numbers 11

Measurements 12

Money 12

Spelling 12

Hyphenation 12

Capitalization 13

Abbreviations 13

Scientific and Technical Terms 14

Sexism 14

Quotations 15

Source Citations 15

Titles of Works Mentioned in Text 16

Bibliography 17 IMPORTANT POINTS TO REMEMBER

1. DOES YOUR ARTICLE BEGIN WITH A BRIEF DEFINITION OR IDENTIFICATION OF THE SUBJECT?

(see pages 5 and 6)

2. HAVE YOU PROVIDED SUBHEADS?

(see page 6)

3, HAVE YOU CONVERTED ALL DATES TO THE WESTERN CALENDAR? (FOR DATES BEFORE 1873 THIS IS NOT AS SIMPLE AS IT SOUNDS.3

(see pages 10 and 11)

4. HAVE YOU INCLUDED ON A SEPARATE SHEET THE INFORMATION ASKED FOR ON PAGE 5? IF YOU WERE NOT CERTAIN HOW TO HANDLE SOMETHING, PLEASE POINT THAT OUT TO THE EDITORS AND PROVIDE ALL RELEVANT INFORMATION. This manual will outline the general scope and aims of the Encyclopedia of Japan, explain what procedures will be followed, and deal with some specific problems of style that are likely to arise. We hope that you will find it useful as you plan your encyclopedia entry. We urge you to consult us if you have any questions, and we welcome comments and advice.

PART I. GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS

Aims and Scope of the Encyclopedia

The importance of any effort to spread an up-to-date and sophisticated awareness of Japan to the English-speaking world needs no elaboration. And yet only recently has an undertaking like the Encyclopedia of Japan--a comprehensive English-language compilation of knowledge about Japan-been made possible by the growth of Western interest and scholarship on Asia. We feel that there is now a demand for the type of reference work that reflects the breakdown of barriers and the growing cooperation between Japanese and Western scholars.

The Encyclopedia aims to cover both historical Japan and Japan in the world today, examining philosophy and science, politics and economics, literature and the arts, food and clothing, and so on. Japan's past and present international relations and its interaction with the West, broadly defined, will receive close attention.

Our current projection is for an extensively cross-referenced encyclopedia of five volumes of 800 pages each, with one index volume. About half of the approximately 11,000 entries will deal with aspects of present-day Japan; the other half will cover historical topics.

Audience and Level of Entries

The Encyclopedia aims to attract a wide audience comprising a broad range of interests and levels of sophistication regarding Japan: students, scholars, diplomats, businessmen, and the general public. In this goal lies both the danger and the exciting potential of the Encyclopedia. The danger, of course, is that in trying to please too many we will please no one. The potential is that of creating, through careful selection and preparation of entries, a lively work that both introduces Japan to those unfamiliar with it and, by synthesizing available knowledge and indicating the many open-ended questions and areas for further consideration, makes a contribution to the advanced study and understanding of Japanese civilization.

To achieve this dual purpose effectively all articles should introduce the topic at a level appropriate for a high school student and proceed far enough to be a good starting point for more advanced students with some knowledge of Japan. That is, all entries should begin with basic definitions, summaries, or descriptions of the topic under discussion, and should provide sufficient background information throughout for the convenience of the general reader.

3 Content and Length of Entries

We have compiled alphabetical lists of topics ranging from the specific to the generic. The space allotted to each topic will be proportional to its significance for both Japan and the rest of the world and will be determined by the editors in consultation with the advisory committee.

The articles will be assigned to one of three categories: "A," major articles (there will be about 170 of these); "B," medium-length articles (about 1,300); and "C," brief articles (about 10,000). These are not rigid categories. Boundaries will be fluid, especially between the brief and medium-length entries.

"A" entries will be comprehensive articles ranging from 15 to 25 typed, double- spaced pages (between 3,500 and 7,000 words). An "A" entry should cover a general subject as thoroughly as possible and include an extensive bibliography listing basic works. All "A" entries will include the contributors' names. Some "A" entries will be: MEIJI RESTORATION, BUDDHISM, POLLUTION, TENNO SYSTEM, NO THEATER, FOREIGN TRADE, and RUSSO-JAPANESE RELATIONS.

"B" entries will range from 700 to 2,500 words in length, and will include brief bibliographies. The contributor's name will appear with each entry. Some "B" entries will be: YAMAGATA ARITOMO, NICHIREN SECT, MINAMATA DISEASE, IN-SEI, KYOGEN, MINISTRY OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE AND INDUSTRY (MITI), and GIRI.

"C" entries may range from several sentences to roughly 300 words. If the contributor feels it is important, a short bibliography may be appended, "C" entries not written by the Encyclopedia staff will appear with the contributor's name. Some examples of "C" entries are: JESUIT MISSION PRESS, TF.NJI TENNO, AKAHATA JIKEN, KINOSAKI, Y.K.K., SHOJI KAORU, and ITAI-ITAI BYO.

Arrangement of Entries

Entries will be arranged in alphabetical order in the Encyclopedia. Cross- references and a comprehensive, analytical index will help to guide the reader to the precise information he wants.

4 PART II. MANUSCRIPT PREPARATION

What to Submit

Please type your contribution, double-spaced and with wide margins, on standard-sized, medium-weight typing paper that will not smudge (do not use "erasable" bond). Place the title in capital letters at the top center of the first page and at the upper right corner of all subsequent pages, next to the page number. All charts and tables should be typed on separate pages and numbered consecutively. Bibliographies should be placed immediately after the text. We would appreciate it if you would attach the following additional information to your manuscript:

1. the exact number of words in the text and bibliography of your article;

2. for articles entered under a Japanese word or expression or place name, a list of alternative names and spellings and variant translations for purposes of cross-reference;

3. a list of related entries that you would like placed for the convenience of the reader at the end of your encyclopedia entry;

4. suggestions for illustrations to accompany your entry;

5. if there is anything in your article that may require permission to reprint, please give the facts of publication and address of the copyright holder or publisher (permission may be needed for any quotes, tables, charts, or other illustrations);

6. any questions, comments, or suggestions.

Please Keep in Mind

1. Previously published, copyrighted manuscripts cannot be accepted for publication in the Encyclopedia except by special arrangement.

2. ENCYCLOPEDIA ENTRIES MUST BEGIN WITH A SUMMARY OR DEFINITION OF THE TOPIC. This” is Encyclopedia policy. The first sentences or phrases of each article should cover the topic in a nutshell.

e-g.,

BUNRAKU. . . . The professional puppet theater of Japan. [Beginning of a 3,500-word article.]

FEBRUARY 26 INCIDENT. . . . (Ni Ni-roku Jiken) Attempted military coup d'etat that took place in Tokyo between 26 February and 29 February 1936. Several statesmen were killed and the center of the city was seized before the rebellion was suppressed. Its leaders were sentenced to death and executed. [First paragraph of a 1,400-word article.]

5 FUKUZAWA YUKICHI (1835-1901). . . . The most prominent educator, writer, and propagator of Western knowledge of the Meiji period (1868-1912); the founder of the present Keio University, of the newspaper Jiji Shimpo, and of the art of public speaking in Japan, His collected works, written over 30 years, fill 22 large volumes and cover a wide range of subjects from philosophy to women's rights. [First paragraph of a 700-word article.]

GOZAN. . . . ("The Five Temples") A ranking system of officially sponsored Zen monasteries organized in the 14th and 15th centuries by the Kamakura and Muromachi shogunates. In the narrow sense the term refers to 5 monasteries in Kamakura and 5 in Kyoto; in a broader sense it included a system of temples of lesser ranks that numbered around 300, The literal meaning of the term (which is more properly if less commonly pronounced Gosan) is "five mountains," the word san (mountain) being synonymous with "temple" or "monastery." [First paragraph of a 1,200-word article.]

SHIMOYAMA INCIDENT. . . . One of the three most controversial criminal incidents of the Occupation period. On the morning of 6 July 1949 (Showa 24) the dismembered body of Shimoyama Sadanori. . . [Beginning of a 700-word article.]

TOWAZUGATARI. . . . (c. 1307, An Uninvited Confession; tr. The Confessions of Lady Nijo, 1973) The autobiographical narrative of 36 years (1271-1306) in the life of Lady Nijo, a high-ranking Kyoto aristocrat. Her tale begins with a description of how, at age 14, she became the concubine of a young retired emperor and ends, several love affairs later, with an account of her mature life as a wandering Buddhist nun. [First paragraph of a 600-word article.]

Subheads

Subheads should be used frequently in "A" and "B" entries, as they will serve as a readily visible outline of the subject. Subhead titles should be approximately the same length, and short. The editors will mark your manuscript for the printer to indicate the relative size of your subheads and unify the format of all Encyclopedia entries.

Bibliography

The bibliographies accompanying entries will constitute an important part of the Encyclopedia, making useful study guides for a serious audience and helping to overcome the limitations of space inevitable in this type of project.

Bibliographies should be of a length appropriate to the topic and as balanced and up to date as possible, including basic works in Japanese as well as in other languages. The general availability of a work and whether it contains a good bibliography itself are two important criteria for determining which works to list in the bibliography. See page 17 of this manual for bibliography form.

6 Cross-references

Some readers will be able to look up a word or event in Japanese, but others will know of it only through its English translation. Because a large number of articles will be listed under the Japanese word or expression, English versions and alternative romanizations will be used as cross- references to guide the reader quickly to the entry he or she is looking for. In order to make the Encyclopedia useful to a wide variety of readers, this cross-reference system must be as complete as possible.

If your entry is to be listed under a Japanese word or expression, please put what you consider to be its most widely accepted English translation in parentheses after the Japanese. On a separate sheet of paper attached to your manuscript, please list alternative ways to refer to your subject, including variant romanizations, translations, and pronunciations, so that these can be used for cross-reference.

Related Entries

The Encyclopedia will provide a "see also" list of related entries at the end of articles for the many readers who will wish to pursue a subject further. It would be helpful, therefore, if you would recommend, in order of their relative importance to your subject, other entries that the interested reader might look up.

Readers will thus be able to look up and locate information from various entries quickly. Nevertheless, they should not be compelled to turn to other entries for information that is basic and relevant to their understanding of the entry under consideration. Each encyclopedia entry should, ideally, be complete in itself. Therefore, on first mention dates should be given for all historical periods; Japanese words should be translated; persons should be identified and their full names given, along with dates when that would be helpful.

e.g., ...the great tea master Sen no Rikyu (1521-91)...... Toyotomi Hideyoshi, the warlord who reunified Japan in 1590,...

Illustrations

Diagrams and tables are eagerly solicited where they organize information into visual, easily accessible, and concise form. We encourage you to include them in your contribution. Please type them out on separate sheets of paper and number consecutively.

We also welcome suggestions regarding photographs and pictures to go along with your encyclopedia entry. It is not necessary for you to send us copies of the illustrations you recommend, but you should identify them as specifically as possible, explain where they can be found and, where relevant, give the name and address of the copyright holder or publisher. Kodansha's extensive files are also available to us to select illustrations in accordance with your suggestions.

7 PART III. STYLE SHEET

Our purpose in drawing up a basic house style for your reference has been to set up a system that will facilitate consistency and clarity in the Encyclopedia. Especially in an undertaking involving two languages and cultures, some of the matters dealt with here assume a more than trivial importance. The editors will make any necessary changes to ensure that all articles are in conformity with Encyclopedia style, but it would be a great help if you would keep in mind the points outlined below. We hope this style sheet will prove a convenient reference for you as you write your manuscript.

For the most part the points that follow are based on A Manual of Style, 12th ed, (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1969). However, in some matters, such as bibliography, the exigencies of the encyclopedia form have required divergence from the Chicago style. Please check the style described here before referring to the Chicago Manual of Style.

Romanization

1. Japanese characters will not be used in the Encyclopedia except for entries on calligraphy, kana, kanji, and similar topics.

2. Follow the spelling in Kenkyusha's New Japanese-English Dictionary (1974), which uses a modification of the Hepburn system. NOTE THE FOLLOWING EXCEPTION:

Use m instead of n before p, b, or m as in shimbun, kampaku, Kemmu. If, to show the meaning of a word or for some other reason, you feel that n should be retained to make clear the meaning of the syllable it ends, please explain the problem to the editors. In rare cases a hyphen may be used, thus: empon (or en-pon), hambatsu (or han-batsu), sammon (or san-mon). Such exceptions will be kept to a minimum.

PLEASE BE SURE TO:

a. Distinguish syllable-final n with an apostrophe when it comes before a vowel or y, as in San'in and San'yo.

b. Use macrons to indicate the long vowels a, u, and 6 except as noted below:

Do not use macrons with the following seven place names: Tokyo, Kyoto, Osaka, Kobe, Kyushu, Honshu, Hokkaido.

Japanese words that have come into common English usage, and that appear in Webster’s, should not be italicized or used with macrons, e.g., daimyo, samurai.

8 For a good discussion of this issue, see Words and Women, by Casey Miller and Kate Swift (Garden City, New York: Anchor Press/ Doubleday, 1976).

Quotations

Unless you feel it is absolutely necessary, do not include direct quotations in your text. If you do use quotations, follow the guide- lines given here.

1. Quotations should be placed within quotation marks and run into the text, not put into block form.

2. The source of the quotation should be given either in parentheses after the quotation or worked into the text. Footnotes will not be used.

e.g., Edwin A. Cranston, tr., The Izumi Shikibu Diary (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1969)

See the Chicago Manual of Style, pars. 10.46-10.50, for further details on citation form,

3. Some material, such as copyrighted poems or 1ines from poems, words from songs, and any material that is complete in itself, may require permission to be quoted. Please inform the editors if you think that permission will be required, and indicate the address of the publisher or copyright holder.

Source Citations

All material quoted or reproduced from another source should be carefully identified and, again, the editors should be informed if permission to reprint will be required.

1. Quotations should be used sparingly (see section above).

2. Tables and charts:

Complete tables or charts reproduced from another source should be accompanied by a source note typed immediately below it.

e.g., SOURCE: Bernard S. Silberman, "Structural and Functional Differentiation in the Political Modernization of Japan," in Robert E. Ward, ed., Political Development in Modern Japan (1968).

Other types of notes that follow tables or charts, such as those that contain explanations of the material or sources of data, should be kept simple and introduced by the word NOTE.

15 Do not give an English translation of a Japanese title in the bibliography UNLESS a translation has actually been published. The place to give the meaning of the Japanese title is in the text (see section above, "Titles of Works Mentioned in Text").

18 INDEX

"A," "B," and "C" entries, 4 Abbreviations, 13-14 Acronyms, 14 Arrangement of Encyclopedia, 4

Beginning of entry, importance of, 3; examples, 5-6 Bibliography, in "A," "B," and "C" entries, 4; criteria for selection, 6; form, 17-18; place in manuscript, 5

Capitalization, 13; of book titles, 16-17; of Japanese proper nouns, 9 Centuries, 11 Charts, diagrams, and tables, importance of, 7; abbreviations in, 14; numbering, S; source notes for, 15-16 Chinese language, 9 Cross-references, 7

Dates and historical periods, 10-11 Decades, 11 Diseases and syndromes, 14

First mention of foreign words, historical periods, and names, 7

Hyphenation, 12-13

Illustrations,5,7 Index volume, 4 Italics, for Japanese words, 10; for proper nouns, 9; for titles of books, etc., 16-17

Japanese words used in text, 8, 10

Kanji, 8 Korean language, 9

Latin terms, 14

Macrons, 8 Manuscript preparation, 5 Measurements, 12 Money, 12

Names of organizations, abbreviated, 14; capitalized, 13 Numbers, spelled out or in figures, 11-12

Permission to reprint, 5, 15 Personal names (Japanese), 9 Place names (Japanese), 8, 10 Plants and animals, 14 Previously published manuscripts, 5 Publisher, citation of, in credit line, 15; in bibliography, 17

19 Quotation marks for titles of short works, 17 Quotations, 15

Related entries, 5, 7 Romanization, 8

Scientific and technical terms, 14 Sexism, 14-15 Signs and symbols, in charts and tables, 14; money signs, 12; scientific symbols, 14 Source citations, 15-16, Also see "Quotations,’1 15 Spelling, 12 Statistics, 12, 16 Subheads, 6

Titles of entries, in Japanese with English translation, 7 Titles of works, in bibliography, 17-18; after quotation, 15; in source citation, 15; in text, 16-17 Translations,of entry titles, 7; of Japanese words in text, 10; with quotation marks, 10; of titles in bibliography, 17-18; of titles in text, 16-17

20 GUEST EDITORIAL A NEW FUTURE FOR MINORITY CONCERNS AT NIMH

On October 7, 1980, Presi- myself and my colleagues, Senator Matsunaga and Senator dent Carter signed into law, the Randolph, to introduce the Minority Concerns Act of 1979 Mental Health Systems Act of (S. 925). Our intent was to formally establish an Office for

1980, which updated and sub- Minority Concerns so that the socially induced stresses linked stantially revised the original to the deplorable physical and mental health status of minority Community Mental Health groups could be directly and systematically addressed. Since Centers Act of 1963. One of 1972, the Center for Minority Mental Health Programs within the provisions of this Act that NIMH has, in my judgment, with limited resources and staff, I am especially pleased in played a commendable role in addressing the mental health having helped to develop is needs of minority groups. However, this Center has no legis- the establishment of a new lative authority or mandate. The new Office for Minority Con-

Office for Minority Concerns cerns within NIMH has clear legislative authority and therefore, within the National Institute will give greater legitimacy and visibility to minority concerns of Mental Health. An Asso- within the mental health community. Our initiative was sup- ciate Director for Minority ported by a broad range of civil and human rights groups, pro- Hon. Daniel K. Inouye Concerns will be appointed fessional organizations, and the National Center for Minority United States Senator (D-HI) and will have responsibility for Mental Health Programs. the development and coordination of training and research pro- The Office will be responsible for the improvement in the grams directed at the mental health needs of minority groups, delivery of mental health services to minority populations. including the handicapped, recent refugees and immigrants. In order to accomplish this goal, it will coordinate both research The minority groups of our nation, including Blacks, His- and training programs which focus on the unique needs and panics, Asian and Pacific Americans, and Native Americans, problems encountered by individuals from minority groups. comprise approximately 18 percent of our population. Individu- The office will also develop programs to increase the represen- als from these groups, however, suffer disproportionately from tation of minority mental health professionals with an emphasis physical and mental afflictions. A Congressional Budget Office on the creation of multicultural and bilingual programs. Despite study of health care delivery documents that differentials in the fact that minority groups suffer disproportionately from health status between whites and non-whites continue to per- mental problems, the actual number of minority mental health sist despite considerable progress in narrowing the gap. Studies professionals and researchers remains low. In 321 community conducted by Project DAWN, the Drug Abuse Warning Net- mental health centers surveyed by the National Institute of work, indicate that minorities account for 30.5 percent of the Mental Health, minorities represented less than 7 percent of number of emergency room episodes of drug abuse, approxi- the full-time staff positions. mately 1.7 times higher than their representation in the total The Office for Minority Concernswill also support programs

U5. population. A June 1973 HEW special report to the Con- of basic and applied social and behavioral research on minority gress on alcohol and health indicates that Native Americans mental health problems with particular attention to the unique have the highest frequency of problems associated with drink- cultural background and pervasive socioeconomic factors in-

ing. volved in th high incidences of problems among this population. These physical and mental problems are inextricably related Most significantly, the office will also support the study of the to social problems which are further exacerbated by individual damaging effects of individual and institutional racism, not prejudice and institutional racism. The consequences, in indi- only in minority individuals, but on majority individuals and vidual and group terms, can be devastating. Minorities suffer institutions as well. Knowledge generated by these studies will disproportionally from high levels of stress caused by the inter- be used to develop innovative programs in training and service relationship of poverty, educational inequities, unemployment delivery for minority populations. and under-employment, inadequate nutrition, unsafe housing, This office provides an unprecedented opportunity for com- and uneven access to health services. munity mental health centers serving minority populations to The physically handicapped citizens of our nation are also design and implement demonstration programs for innovative subjected to discrimination in housing, education, and employ- service delivery systems which are congruent with their cultural ment. They and their families suffer the daily stresses of living heritage, and which address the deeply institutionalized stresses with disability. Fifteen percent of the handicapped population which contribute to their plight. CMHCs, in cctoperation with as compared with 8 percent of the general population, are living universities, research institutes, and other organizations, can de- below the poverty level. Thus handicapped individuals are vul- velop evaluation designs to document the appropriateness, effec- nerable to the devastation of mental illness, drug abuse, and tiveness, and costs of their programs, thus contributing to our alcoholism. knowledge of desirable mental health delivery systems. I would also like to call to your attention individuals who The Office for Minority Concerns within NIMH represents a suffer from "triple threat": they are both handicapped and renewed national commitment to provide services to an under-

members of minority groups, and are very likely to be poor. served group. I am optimistic that our past achievements in the This group is truly the neglected minority, that has too often area of minority mental health will be sustained and our future fallen between the cracks of our programs. activities strengthened by the establishment of this office. These documented and distressing social facts prompted

3 ITEMS OF INTEREST

Transition Team Mental Health Systems Act: NIMH plans to issue grant an- NCCMHC was recently given the opportunity to meet with nouncements on March 1, 1981 in order to make funding avail- President-elect Ronald Reagan’s Transition Team. Representa- able beginning the third quarter of FY '82. Numerous task tives from NCCMHC shared their concerns about appropriations forces at NIMH are handling different sections of the bill and and the implementation of the Mental Health Systems Act with recently submitted their initial reports. the new Administration. Representing the transition team was Dwight E. Geduldig Management Workshops: NCCMHC's Public Information and who is in charge of issues relating to the Department of Health Training Department will soon be conducting a series of work- and Human Services. As a former aide to Senator Richard shops entitled "Finance and Managing CMHCs, A Workshop in Schweiker (R-PA), he was quite familiar with the community the 1980s". The workshops will be held on Jan. 13-15 in mental health centers program and related mental health issues. Washington, D.C.; Feb. 10-12 in San Francisco; March 24-26 in In a written report submitted to the Transition Team, Kansas City, MO. Registration material will be mailed to all NCCMHC emphasized that full appropriations for FY '81 are NCCMHC members approximately 90 days prior to each meet- imperative in order to help meet the existing needs of the men- ing, and the registration deadline will be approximately 30 days tally ill and to properly prepare for the implementation of the prior to each meeting. For additional information and registra- Mental Health Systems Act. The rapid development of guide- tion forms, please contact Judy Cravens at NCCMHC. lines and regulations for the Systems Act was also emphasized.

Sharfstein Transfers: Wanting to return to the research area, SYSTEMS ACT SUMMARIES Dr. Steven Sharfstein has accepted a position as Acting Asso- A forty-eight page detailed analysis of the Mental Health Systems Act is currently being mailed out to all NCCMHC members. Ad- ciate Director for Behavioral Medicine at NIMH. Sharfstein was ditional copies may be obtained for $4,00 by contacting NCCMHC. very instrumental in the passage of the Mental Health Systems The price for non-members is $6.00. Free copies are available to Act, and his talents will be greatly missed by NCCMHC. His non-members who order a subscription to this newsletter during 1981. acting replacement will be James W. Stockdill.

WORKING TOGETHER from page 1 REGISTRATION FORM

Region II Region I Region III Region V Regions IX, X Region IV Region VI Region VIII

□ New York-12/18 □ Boston-12/19 □ D.C. - 1/5 □ Chicago -1/9 QSan Francisco - 1/12 □ Atlanta- 1/16 □ Dallas - 2/5 □ Denver - 2/6

NAME: AGENCY NAME:

ADDRESS:

CITY: STATE: ZIP: NCCMHC MEMBER: $35.00 (On site registration is permitted, but there is an additional $10.00 late registration fee for those who register later than NON-MEMBER: $50.00 one week prior to workshop)

Registration opens 9:00 a.m. — Workshop begins at 10:00 a.m. and concludes at 4:00 p.m. Obtaining a hotel room is your responsibility. Ask for a room in the block reserved for NCCMHC.

The National Council of Community Mental Health Centers, Inc. 2233 Wisconsin Ave., N.W., Suite 322 Washington, D.C. 20007 202-337-7530 Patrick H. DeLeon 105 Russell Senate Office Washington, D.C. 2051 Community Mental Health Legislative News

Vol. I No. 12 December, 1980

FINAL DAYS OF THE 96TH CONGRESS

Even if they charged admission, ing in all areas. Senate conferees Congress still would be the greatest would not even accept a balanced show on earth: downs, animals, magic package of cost saving measures in acts, great ringmasters, high-wire the Senate bill linked to spending pro- stunts, hyperbole, pathos, joy. visions in the House bill. The action is at its peak in all three Senate conferees, however, sup- rings when time is running out on ported one item which can be labeled another session and the law-makers, a spending provision. They approved lusting to leave, perform their tricks. a $1000 exemption for oil royalties The 96th Congress is about to fold relating to the windfall profit tax.

its big striped tent. Things are frantic. At the same time, they killed a pro- Mental Health Coalition Presidents: (left Bills that should have passed months vision which would have required to right) Joseph Bevilacqua, NASMHPD; Beverly Long, MH A; Donald Fox, NCCMHC. ago rush through; others die. Rules Medicare to reimburse elderly indi- are abandoned. Political favor and viduals for the first three pints of special-interest deals are dispensed like needed blood. “Working Together — Preparing for cotton candy. the Future” is the theme of a series These are sights and sounds of the Appropriations. Continued funding of workshops dealing with the Mental dying 96th. for CMHCs depends upon Congress Health Systems Act sponsored by the The Washington Post passing a Continuing Resolution by mental health coalition. The purposes December 15. The Continuing Reso- of these workshops are to explain the After a long and enduring confer- lution passed by the House provides new law, discuss the implementation ence which entailed several weeks of $253.0 million for continuation grants process, and develop regulations in heated disagreements, the House and and $20.0 million for demonstration conjunction with local, State, and Senate conferees finally reached a projects such as prevention, linkage, Federal officials. partial compromise on the Omnibus and the community support program. On December 5, the first workshop Budget Reconciliation bill, H.R. 7765. Distress, new starts and consultation was held for Region VII in St. Louis. On December 4, both the House and and education grants will be funded The number of participants at this Senate passed the Conference Report at last year’s levels based upon the workshop were equally divided which did not have the increased men- House version. amongst local providers and State and tal health benefits which were con- Federal officials. Consumer represen- tained in the House bill. The Efficacy amendment, formally tatives were also present. Eight addi- The House bill recognized CMHCs known as the Mental Health Medicare tional workshops are scheduled: as providers under Medicare, reduced Reform Act, S. 3029, was not brought • 12/18 — New York — NY Statler the copayment requirement for the to the Senate floor during the final • 12/19 - Boston - Sheraton Boston mentally ill patient from 50% to 20%, days of the 96th Congress. • 1 /5 - D.C. - Key Bridge Marriott • 1/9 — Chicago - Conrah Hilton and increased the amount of federal Jointly introduced by Senators reimbursement for treatment of men- Spark Matsunaga (D-HI) and Daniel • 1/12 — San Francisco — Jack Tarr tal and nervous conditions by private Inouye (D-HI), S. 3029 would have • 1/16 — Atlanta — Atlanta American practitioners from $250 to $750 per established a Federal Commission to • 2/5 - Dallas - AMFAC Airport year. evaluate various forms of psycho- Hotel Those House conferees who were therapy for safety, appropriateness • 2/6 — Denver — Denver Hilton fighting for these benefits were thwart- and effectiveness. From these evalu- ed in their efforts by Senate conferees ations, the Commission would have For registration information, see p. 4. who were reluctant to increase spend- continued on page 2

The National Council of Communitv Mental Health Centers, Inc. 2233 Wisconsin Ave., N.W., Suite 322, Washington, D.C. 20007 202-337-7530 96TH CONGRESS from page 1

made recommendations to the Secretary of DHHS on the types opposition voiced by the conservative religious and "pro-family" of psychotherapy which should be reimbursed under the Medi- groups shattered any hopes for H.R. 2977 passing through the care program. Senate. The Efficacy Amendment was opposed by the Carter administration and many mental health organizations. The Federal Privacy of Medical Information Act, H.R. 5935, made its way to the House floor but failed to pass by 97-259. The Fair Housing Amendments, H.R. 5200 were withdrawn The Senate version, S. 503, was reported out of the Senate from the Senate floor after supporters were unable to invoke Governmental Affairs Committee in July but failed to reach cloture and stop a filibuster. Advocates fell six votes shy of the the floor during the lame duck session. sixty votes needed to close debate. The long debate over this In both the House and Senate versions, minimum national bill caused the Senate to extend its session past the intended standards for the protection of patients’ medical information date for adjournment. The House passed its version overwhelm- would have been established within medical facilities. Addi- ingly in June. tionally, patients would have had the right to review their medi- This legislation would have strengthened the Department of cal records and authorize disclosure to other parties. Housing and Urban Development’s enforcement authority Mental health providers including NCCMHC and the Ameri- against discrimination. There was a provision to prohibit dis- can Psychiatric Association objected particularly to the House crimination against all handicapped persons, including the men- version, which would have greatly broadened law enforcement tally til, who wanted to rent or purchase property. officials authority to seize patients' records without their authorization. The Domestic Violence Prevention and Services Act, H.R. 2977, never reached the Senate floor for final passage. Although The Child Health Assessment Program, S. 1204, which aimed H.R. 2977 overwhelmingly passed the House, the Senate pre- to expand Medicaid coverage to an additional five million low- ferred that this controversial issue be left unconsidered. income children and replace the existing EPSDT program was Several Senators opposing this bill argued that H.R. 2977 never considered by the Senate for final passage. would allow the Federal government to interfere in family dis- Opponents of CHAP threatened to attach an anti-abortion putes. Rather than have this government intervention, the op- amendment to the bill and labeled it as too expensive. This, ponents preferred that the family relatives and local social ser- however, appears contrary to cost estimates disclosed by the vice agencies deal with domestic violence problems. Congressional Budget Office in September 1980. By treating Senator Alan Cranston (D-CA) made an attempt to bring childhood illnesses, it was estimated that costly care and future H.R. 2977 to the floor but withdrew the bill following fili- impairments later in adult years would be eliminated. buster threats from Senators Jesse Helms (R-NC), Strom Thur- Additionally, Senator Jacob Javits (R-NY) would have lost mond (R-SC) and Barry Goldwater (R-AZ). several votes for his amendment to expand CHAP to include H.R. 2977 was strongly supported by social service groups, mental health services for children due to the early departures civil rights organizations, and the Carter Administration, yet the of many Senators following election losses and retirements.

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David Sandler, Director Jayne Bennett. Assistant to the Director Karin Lenassi, Secretary Donald W. Fox, President, NCCMHC John C. Wolfe, Ph.D., Executive Director, NCCMHC

2 MEMORANDUM

FRIDAY, April 10

TO : SENATOR

FROM: Gregg

SUBJ: BOOK FOREWORD

I believe Dave has brought to

your attention the request for a book

foreword from Philippine General Counsel

Domingo, which was received in Honolulu

office via Carmen Cantorna.

Should you wish to proceed, I

have drafted necessary material. DRAFT LETTER (FOR DKI APPROVAL FOR RETYPING & SIGNATURE FROM HNL OFFICE)

Honorable Benjamin B. Domingo

Dear Consul General Domingo:

I wish to thank you for your request for a foreword to be published in your book, THE PHILIPPINES AND HAWAII--

A GIFT OF HERITAGE. It is enclosed.

I know this book will make a significant contribution to Philippines-United States understanding and friendship.

Aloha,

DKI

(GREGG) DRAFT FOREWORD (FOR DKI APPROVAL FOR RETYPING & SIGNATURE FROM HNL OFFICE)

The first Filipinos who arrived in Hawaii some 75 years ago, like many other immigrants in the Islands, faced a bleak life of hardship, sacrifice and loneliness as laborers on sugar and pineapple plantations.

Unlike other ethnic groups, wives and families were usually not permitted in the early immigrant groups to

Hawaii. As a result, even today the population statistics reflect a disproportionately high percentage of Filipino men, and there is a wide gap between the average ages of

Filipino men and women.

Furthermore, as the plantation records would indicate, illiterate men were favored over literate ones.

As you will read, work on the plantations was difficult. Imagine how much more trying this experience was so far away from the companionship of friends and family, and without much communication with them.

Despite these imposed handicaps, the Filipinos did well.

They helped make sugar the economic mainstay in Hawaii.

They were industrious, patient and very hard-working.

Many eventually began families in Hawaii, and today we benefit from their talents and services in many fields.

Filipinos are prominent in law, as attorneys and judges at both the Federal and State levels; in the State Legislature and county governments; private business; journalism and education, to name a few. Page Two

This book tells of the first Filipino immigrants who made success possible for future generations and succeeding waves of immigrants. These pioneers laid a solid foundation, based on perserverance and hard work.

As we celebrate the great strides of Filipinos in

Hawaii today, let us not forget those whose struggles and suffering cleared the way. Let us also remember that the struggle to succeed continues for many other ethnic groups who have followed the path to America.

Aloha,

DKI VIA TELECOPIER PAGE 1 of 5

TO; GREGG FROM: Dave

KONSULADO HENERAL NG PIUPINAS (PHILIPPINE CONSULATE GENERAL)

2433 PALI HIGHWAY. HONOLULU. HAWAII 96317 TELEPHONE (SOB) 5$545is O- P HAD YOUR

I H I S I S T TO

7 April mi

ALAMAT Senator Daniel Inouye

SORRY Honolulu, Hawaii LETTER

RECALL,

AM Dear Senator Inouye,

I YOU

THIS

I have the honor to request for a Foreword from you for

IF MONDAY. my book entitled, "The Philippines and Hawaii - A Gift of Heritage"

to be published within the next few weeks. The reason this letter BY GIVE

is somewhat delayed is that I had presumed that the publishers had requested the same from you Washington, D.C. Office. Therefore, TO YOU.

I am taking this opportunity to request this favor knowing that you DECEMBER. THIS

TO ME will be in Honolulu this week to address the Memorial Services at

IN the Na- tional Cemetery in Honolulu in the occasion of the 75th

anniversary of the first arrival of Filipinos in Hawaii HAVE

The book in which your Foreword will appear is the first of two volumes on the Philippines and Hawaii I had written over the COULD REQUESTED past two and a half years that I have been assigned as Consul in Ha- SOMETIME TELECOPIED

I waii.

IT HAS IF

Briefly, the first part of the book deals with the history of the Philippines from its early beginning

OFFICE to the present, including the historic visit of President Ferdinand

HAVE

E. Marcos in April, 1980, to the Aloha State. The second part describes the early days of the King- dom of Hawaii DOMINGO TO YOUR

Statehood from 1959 to 1979. The third part traces the start of Filipino immigration to Hawaii, starting in 1906 to the pre- AT APPRECIATE DAVE

sent.

CONSUL YOU

, Ambassador Eduardo WOULD Romualdez, Philippine Ambassador to Washing- ton, is the other high official ASKED TO

who had written a foreward and I am please

BEN HAD SENATOR to enclose a copy of said text. Also enclosed is a promotional material

regarding the AND HI

MINUTE. authorship of the book. There is a second volume to this work entitled

"Hawaii's Eminent Filipinos" to which Governor George Ariyoshi had written the Foreword thereto. A copy of his statement is INTRODUCED LAST OFFICE NOTE; enclosed. It will be very much appreciated, therefore, if the Senator can favor me with his Foreword. PAGE 2 of 5

FOREWORD

The Asian element in the American racial melting pot has a remarkable

history. It is a new claim that the first Americans came fran Asia when on

a thin land mass they crossed through what is now the Bering Straits. When

Columbus set foot on American soil, the theory has been advanced that these

Asians became the Indian tribes spread all over the Americas. The foregoing,

however, still requires considerable research before it may be confirmed.

At a much later date, another wave of Asian migration conmenced. On the

Pacific side this time, Asians crossed the vast Pacific in search of liveli-

hood. Hawaii, as America's frontier state on the Pacific rim, absorbed this

relatively later influx from oriental lands. Filipinos were part of this

contemporary odyssey.

The saga of Filipino migration to the United States started with the

first Filipinos in Hawaii. In 1906 Filipino workers arrived to work in

Hawaiian sugar and fruit plantations. Now on its 75th year, the Filipino

community in Hawaii has served to link the Philippines and Hawaii and the

United States.

In his book, Mr. Benjamin Domingo, a foreign service officer of the

Philippine Government chronicles this epic of Filipino migration, makes a brief narration of Philippine history and tells us about Hawaii's colorful past.

This book certainly fills a need by way of further enhancing our knowledge of the Filipino in Hawaii, the Philippines, and the State of Hawaii. It is a distinct contribution to better understanding between peoples and governments.

It is a worthy addition to Filipiniana.

Washington, D.C. PAGE 3 of 5

EXECUTIVE CHAMBERS

HONOLULU

GEORGE R. ARIYOSHI GOVERNOR

FOREWORD

The United States is a nation of immigrants from throughout the world, and certainly the State of Hawaii exemplifies this.

In certain areas, diversity leads to dissent and to division

Here in Hawaii, we have been blessed that diversity has tended to bring us closer together, rather than driving us apart.

We cherish, preserve, and maintain our individual cultures, and this is what makes our State unique among all the 50 states At the same time, we all come together on basic values, and understanding, and the necessity for human dignity. This, too, makes our State unique.

I am very pleased that Consul Benjamin K Domingo te written a book containing histories of the Philippines, of Hawaii and of the Filipino experience in these Islands in commemoration of the 75th anniversary of the first arrival of Filipino immigrants in 1906.

Significantly, and importantly, he narrates the accomplishments of Filipinos in these 75 years which have contributed so significantly to the social structure of Hawaii.

I am sure that this book will make an important contribution to the relations between the Republic of the Philippines and the State of Hawaii.

" " 5

about the author... of

4 .'

PAGE HAWAII

FILIPINOS

AND Heritage

s '

of and

EMINENT Gift

S Domingo ’

Benjamin B. Domingo was born

B. in Salcedo, Ilocos Sur, the Phillip-

PHILIPPINES pines on 2 June 1936. He attended 'The public schools in the Philippines and graduated from the College of Law, University of the Philippines. After passing the Philippine bar examination in 1960 he wa an HAWAII

THE Assistant Attorney at the Claro M. "

" Hecto Law Offices. Benjamin PACE 5 of 5

The EXPERIENCE of a LIFETIME...

A TRIBUTE to the FILIPINO

IMMIGRANTS on the 75th Anniversary of their Arrival

in the STATE of HAWAII.

Set in literary record in

recognition of their achieve-

ments anti historical contri- buttons, a legacy to the Filipino people for all times.

Benjamin B. Domingo's "THE PHILIPPINES AND HAWAII" 'The Gift of Heritage.' and "HAWAII’S EMINENT FILIPINOS" In 2-Volume set($22.00 Tax & Postage Included.)

Order Your Advance Copies Now!

Published bv.

Send Check or L.L. dela Cruz Money order to: PUBLISHING HOUSE from the office of

Senator DANIEL K. INOUYE of Hawaii

March 12, 1981

Sent original to Mr. Charles Hollingsworth of Washington Post; one copy to Dr. Daiji Naya of Asian Development Bank, Manila; and one copy to Richard Collins , Approp. Committee. MDBs: Instruments of Change and Stability

This year the Asian Development Bank is, for the first time, holding its annual meeting in the United States, in Hawaii. The timing is fortuitous, because I believe press coverage of the meeting will increase public awareness and support of the Bank's operations. The importance of this is underscored by the fact that the Reagan Administration is, at this moment, conducting a broad-scale policy review which will set the course of future United States participation in the Asian Development Bank as well as in the World Bank and the other multilateral development lending institutions.

Though improbable, if the now discredited policy prescriptions of the

Stockman Foreign Aid Retrenchment memorandum are revived, United States participation could end altogether.

This is a very serious business. The outcome of these deliberations will determine the very nature and strength of American influence and leadership in a world economy of increasing importance to the United States.

I am deeply concerned that, unless the public and the Congress actively engage in making their views and preferences known, this policy review could well be conducted in a closed circle of "conservatives" who denigrate the importance of the development lending institutions and deny their significance as instruments for managing the stable evolution of the international economy. It is a curious anomaly of contemporary American politics that many self-styled conservatives do not recognize the value of these institutions. In their longing for the security of a simpler and less complex time, they would sweep away the carefully structured and broadly accepted international framework for promoting economic development and peaceful social change. Though I suspect there is a diversity of thought and opinion in the Reagan Administration, it has become apparent that there is a dominant view of the world which guides much of the Administration's approach to international affairs. From what I have seen and read, I believe key figures in the Administration look to the outside world and see what they regard as an environment essentially hostile to the United States. Their initiatives in foreign affairs mirror policies which were forged in the heat of global military competition, policies which do not recognize the many changes which have taken place over the past several decades and thus are inappropriate for today. For example, an altogether disproportionate amount of the

Administration's foreign assistance funding proposals are predicated on security assumptions primarily military in nature. They seek to establish, through strengthened military ties and economic and security assistance

"targeted" on "friendly" countries, outposts for trade and fortresses for security. There is no framework, no unifying theme to these efforts.

They are nothing more than the projection of a series of ad hoc military and security assistance responses to what are fundamentally economic problems.

To the proponents of these policies, change is threatening and works against our interests. And, they believe, time is not on our side.

Rather than seeking to promote gradual, evolutionary economic and social development, they seek to deal with change by resistance, stopping it where possible, delaying it where it cannot be stopped. They seek to impose rather than create stability. Though this latter distinction may strike some as sophistry, as a pretentious characterization, I believe it is of extraordinary significance for it explains many of the foreign policy actions of the Reagan

Administration to date. And, I believe, it reveals a fundamental misperception on the part of the Reagan Administration of the basic causes of instability in today's complex world. Change defines the essential character of our time. Its offspring

is instability. Wherever we look we find new and disruptive economic and

political forces emerging. New relationships between nations, and groups of

nations, are altering or replacing familiar, established ties. North is

pitted against South as patterns of trade and finance, which served some,

but not all, well, are no longer accepted with complacency. The new-found

and growing wealth of oil-rich countries is counterpoised with the

increasing destitution of resource-poor countries. Much of the world is

plagued by high rates of inflation, soaring energy costs, low economic growth

rates, and unprecedented payments imbalances. The United States has itself

grown increasingly dependent upon foreign sources of petroleum and minerals

and upon foreign markets for our manufacturing exports. Nations we have

assisted in the past are now prosperous and self-sufficient. Indeed, some

of them compete with us all too well and cause us great concern. Others

continue to require our assistance to meet the most basic needs of their

people. Major and profound changes in the world shape the context within which we Americans must live and work. Underlying these changes is a

profound sense of discontent, both here and abroad. The challenge facing

the United States -- the diplomat, the politician, the American worker -- is

not whether but how to respond, how to bring order and stability to a time of change.

As we search for ways to help guide the forces of change and as we seek to determine the best means to foster new relationships which preserve and protect American interests, it may help to look to the history of the second quarter of this century. In that dark era, global economic depression gave way, in rapid succession, to global war. Economic deprivation and desperation, as much as any lust for power, sparked World

War II and brought cataclysmic change. The international economy lay in ruins, shattered by war and the concomitant breakdown of normal commerce.

Then the United States, in consort with the major European Powers and other

interested nations, took steps to create the first of a new set of instruments for reconstructing international economic order. I refer, of course, to the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development.

The IBRD, along with the other components of the "Bretton Woods

System,11 served well to bring order out of chaos, and to hasten the

regeneration of the industrialized nations. When the task of reconstruction

had been largely completed, the masters of international finance next turned

their attention to the economic development of the so-called "middle income

countries" and the more impoverished nations of the world. A wave of

national independence brought with it an emergent recognition of the

interdependence of the industrialized and nonindustrialized countries. The

imperative of economic development assumed priority and additional instruments

of international economic order were soon created. In close progression came

the first of the regional banks -- the Inter-American Development Bank -- and

a soft-loan affiliate to the World Bank -- the International Development

Association or, as it is more commonly known, IDA. Next came the Asian

Development Bank and, more recently, the African Development Bank, each with

their own soft-loan affiliates.

These banks, known collectively as the Multilateral Development

Banks or MDBs, have grown in size and importance, and have succeeded to the

position of primacy in international development finance. As instruments

of international economic order they proved their worth in the aftermath of

World War II; they now hold the best hope of aiding and encouraging the economic and social development of the hundreds of millions of people who are locked in conditions of absolute poverty. Today, over one billion people live in absolute poverty, their lives enclosed by hunger and disease. The impoverished peoples of the world grow impatient with the lack of economic progress. Worse than that, under the bludgeoning impact of poverty, malnutrition and disease, they grow desperate. Does anyone believe that the poor will long remain in quiet desperation; that, without hope, they will not rise to break the shackles of poverty with a violent force which could shake the economic and political foundations of the entire world?

In my view, the greatest threat to international stability is internal violence in the form of subversive or revolutionary movements bred by the conditions of crushing poverty and malnutrition in the developing world. It must be asked, if we make it easier for developing countries to opt for arms instead of bread for their people, do we improve their security? I think not. To the contrary, I believe that if we base our foreign assistance policies on considerations which place too heavy an emphasis on military threats to security, our programs will fail to come to terms with rhe basic causes of instability and will deny the fundamental requirements of human existence to those in need. Military assistance, by any name, cannot serve to promote stability where it is threatened by economic discontent. If men are to work for peaceful social change, they must be encouraged to believe that their rightful demands will be met with enlightened humanitarian assistance and not repression by force of arms.

The need to prevent an outburst of frustration and despair, the need to provide stability in time of change, is paramount. The Multilateral

Development Banks, through their lending programs, through multilateral cooperation for development, serve to legitimatize the existing international economy. Holding open the door to progress and economic development, they encourage multilateral cooperation and discourage the sort of unilateral grasping for economic advantage which so characterized the international economy prior to World War II. They are effective instruments for promoting economic and social development.

Economically determined issues which threaten international economic and political cooperation so necessary to the maintenance of world peace and stability must be resolved through programs of economic cooperation. The self-evident interest of the United States in the advancement of an open global economy cannot be served by efforts to dismantle or diminish the institutional instruments of order. Those who join me in the belief that the inexorable processes of change in the world present both challenge and opportunity to the United States must work for the renewal, not the withdrawal, of American leadership in shaping collaborative, multilateral responses to mutual economic problems. Those who are defining future

American policies must be brought to understand that the foundation of effective multilateral cooperation through the Multilateral Development Banks is the shared interest of the industrial countries and the developing countries in the successful and peaceful economic and social development of the less developed countries. They must be brought to understand that it is this foundation -- these shared interests -- which makes continued and effective United States participation in the Multilateral Development Banks so critical to our future and to a stable international political environment. ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK

26 February 1981

Senator Daniel Inouye Rm. 105, Russell Senate Building Washington, D.C. 20510 U.S.A.

Dear Senator Inouye:

We are honored that you have consented to write an article for the Bank’s special supplement to the 26 April 1981 edition of the Washington Post,

We are airmailing, under separate cover, information on the Asian Development Bank and a list of topics others will be contributing. As mentioned in my earlier letter, the choice of a topic is yours. Most articles will run some 1, 500 words, or about six double-space typed pages,, but the length is entirely up to you,

I have been told that the deadline for submission is 15 March 1981. Given the tight schedule, it would be best if you could send your article directly to Mr. Charles Hollingsworth of the Washington Post (1150 Fifteenth St., N. W., Washington, DOC. 20071, Telephone 373-7634). We will inform Mr. Hollingsworth that your article will be forthcoming.

If I can be of any further assistance, please cable or telephone me (831-72-11, Local 621). I should mention that I will be in Bangkok for an ESCAP meeting from 15-2 3 March. In my absence please contact Mr. Truman Becker of the Bank's Information Office (831-72-11, Local 888).

On behalf of Management and my colleagues at the Bank, I wish to thank you for joining us in this special project. We greatly appreciate your contribution.

With warmest regards,

Aloha,

Seiji Naya Chief Economist

2330 Roxas Boulevard, Metro Manila, Philippines Postal Address: P.O. Box 759, Manila, Philippines 2800

Tele: 831-78-11, 531-72-51 Cable Address: ASIANBANK MANILA Philippine Telex Num: (RCA) 23103 ADB PH, (ITT) 40571 ADB BM, (ETPI) 63567 ADB PN OUTLINE OF ARTICLES FOR WASHINGTON POST'S SUPPLEMENT ON THE ADB

1. President's Message

2. Signed article by U.S. Secretary of Treasury on American developmental assistance

3. Signed article by Ambassador Lester Edmond on "Bilateral Aid Versus Multilateral Aid"

4. Signed article by A.T. Bambawale on Bank's operations in the 1980s.

5. Signed article by Dr. Naya on ASEAN.

6. Brief history of the Bank (illustrating how the US helped form it)

7. Article on energy development in the region.

8. Agricultural and rural development

9. Benefits in the poor

10. Social Infrastructure

11. Business Opportunities for US companies

12. Urban Development

13. Industry

14. Co-financing

15. Transfer of Intermediate Technology NAC011(0838)(1-003762A058)PD 02/27/81 0837

ICS IPMWGWC WSH

02511 02-27 0835A EST

PMS 1-083077G058 02/27/81 ICS IPMIIHA IISS

IISS F M RCA 27 0835 PMS WASHINGTON DC WUD4554 LZB1294 PMU279 RIL206 TLA415 23103 ADB/EC

URIX CY PHMA 087

MANILA 87/86 27 1309 ETAT SENATOR DANIEL INOUYE RM. 105, RUSSELL SENATE BUILDING

CAPITOL HILL DC 20510 AIRMAILED YOUTODAY INFO ON ADB AND LISTOF TOPICS

ST-1201 (R5-69)

OTHERS WILLBE CONTRIBUTING. AS MENTIONED EARLIER,

CHOICE OF TOPIC WILLBE YOURS. A

THOUGH MOST ARTICLES WILLBE 1500 WORDS LENGTH IS UPTOYOU. BECAUSE OF

TIME CONSTRAINT SUGGEST YOUR OFFICE DELIVER ARTICLE DIRECTLYTO CHARLES HOLLINGSWORTH OF WASHINGTON POST BY

15MARCH AND YOU AIRMAIL ACOPY TO ME. ONBEHALF OF MANAGEMENT

AND MY COLLEAGUES ATTHE BANK I WISHTO THANKYOU FOR

JOINING US INTHIS SPECIAL PROJECT. REGARDS AND ALOHA

SEIJI NAYA

ASIANBANK COLL ETAT RM 105

NNN 0836 EST

SF-1201 (RS-59) KCb PR/articles 8-2

February 6, 1981

Dr. Seiji Naya Asian Development Bank P.O. Box 789 Manila, Philippines 2300

Dear Seiji:

Thank you for your recent letter inviting me to submit an article to appear in a special supplement of THE WASHINGTON POST.

I appreciate the opportunity to submit an article. Information on the ADB and a list of topics other people will be submitting will be most helpful. Any other information you may be able to provide will also be greatly appreciated.

As you know, I appreciated the opportunity to be of assistance to the Asian Development Bank on the tax equalisation issue.

Aloha,

DANIEL K. INOUYE United States Senator

DKI:bhm 2/2/81

MEMORANDUM

TO: SENATOR

FROM:KIRK

RE: ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK ARTICLE

As you know the Asian Development Bank is holding its

Annual Meeting in Honolulu from April 30 to May 2, 1981.

This is the first time it has ever been held in the

United States.

The Board of Directors of the ADB has invited you to submit a signed article to appear in a special supplement of the 'Washington Post' on April 26, 1981. Your contribution of an article could place you in even a better position

in terms of development in the Pacific region.

Some of the ideas for an article could be:

- In response to Reagan and his administration's efforts to significantly reduce funding to the World Bank and the regional development banks you could submit an article arguing the merits of these banks, the role they have played as one of the few instruments for development in the third world, and the continued role they must play in reducing the imbalances between the developed and developing role. You could use such an article as a base for future speeches

- Given the lack of a U.S. policy towards the Pacific Basin region and the plethora of approaches to this issue, you could submit an article bringing the various aspects of this issue together and emphasize the role Hawaii can play in this region. ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK

28 January 1981

Senator Daniel Inouye Rm. 105, Russell Senate Building Washington, D. C. 20510 U.S.A.

Dear Senator Inouye:

The ADB will be holding its 14th Annual Meeting in Honolulu from April 30 to May 2. This will be the first time the Annual Meeting has ever been held in the United States, and I know that the ADB was very pleased with the choice. I am, of course, gratified by the selection of Hawaii. I see it as a significant step toward enhancing Hawaii's role as a 'development catalyst' for the Pacific region.

To highlight its Annual Meeting, the Bank has arranged for the 'Washington Post' to publish a special supplement on April 26, 1981. This supplement will contain articles on ADB activities, development problems in the Bank's developing member countries, the US's role in ADB, and the business opportunities ADB loans and technical assistance grants create for American business.

Some of the articles will be written by ADB staff (I am preparing one on the "Future Prospects of ASEAN"); others are to be written by distinguished experts on development, such as Sir Arthur Lewis and Mr. Peter G. Peterson.

Vice President S. Stanley Katz and a number of directors have indicated that the ADB would be honored if you would agree to prepare a signed article on a topic of your choice for publication in the supplement. I have been asked to convey this invitation to you.

If you agree to do the article, I can provide you with information on the Bank, and I would also be pleased to assist you in any other way I can.

. . . /2

2330 Roxas Boulevard, Metro Manila, Philippines Postal Address: P.O. Box 689, Manila Philippines 2800 Tele: 80 72

51 80 26 31 Cable Address: ASIANBANK MANILA Philippine Telex Num: (RCA) 23103 ADB PH, (ITT) 15071 ADB PM, (ETPI) 63587 ADB PN 2

The article will be needed by March 7th, but we would need to know if you can accept our invitation within the next week or so. I know you will be very busy at this time, but I would very much appreciate it if you could send me your decision by cable as soon as possible.

I want to take this opportunity to convey to you the thanks of Americans working at ADB for your help in the tax equalization issue. We appreciate the time and energy you and your staff have given to this matter.

With warmest regards,

Aloha,

SEIJI NAYA

/tjz 1-007993A029 01/29/81 ICS IPMwGWC wSH POMT 00971 01-29 1039A EST 11110 EST

CAPITOL HILL DC

1-093673G029 01/29/81 ICS IPMIIHA IISS USS F M RCA 29 0949 PMS WASHINGTON 00 WUB2260 LZB4995 PMU442 RIL215 TLA375 CAL135 23103 ADB.5 JUN URIX CO PHMA 073 MANILA 73 28 1732 SENATOR OANIEL INOUYE RM105, RUSSELL SENATE BUILDING WASHINGTON DC 20510, (202) 224-3934 WASHINGTON POST WILL PUBLISH SPECIAL SUPPLEMENT ON ADB ACTIVITIES TO COINCIDE WITH APB ANNUAL MEETING IN HONOLULU APRIL 30-MAY 2, I HAVEBEEN ASKED BY ADB MANAGEMENT TOCONVEY TOYOU INVITATION TO CONTRIBUTE SIGNED ARTICLE ON TOPIC DEVOUR CHOICE FOR SUPPLEMENT. DETAILS IN MYLETTER THISDATE, WOULD APPRECIATE IF YOUCOULD CABLEREPLY SOON AS POSSIBLE AFTER RECEIPT OF LETTER. ALOHA, MANY THANKS. SEIJI NAYA ASIANBANK COL RM105, 20510, (202) 224-3934 30-MAY 2, NNN 0951 EST

11:10 EST

IPMPQMX WSH

5? r-'. in gt

8 to J s Pr GTm------Articles 8-2

March 16, 1981

Mr. George Chaplin Editor in Chief HONOLULU ADVERTISER P.O. Box 3110 Honolulu, Hawaii 96802

Dear George:

As you are probably aware, the Asian Development Bank will be holding its annual meeting in Honolulu from April 30 to May 2, 1981. This is the first time the Bank has ever met in the United States. I believe this meeting signifies the vital role Hawaii has come to play as a center for the Pacific region.

The WASHINGTON POST will be publishing a special supplement in its April 26 edition highlighting the Asian Development Bank and its Honolulu meeting. I was asked to prepare an article for publication in this supplement.

Because of your long-standing interest in Hawaii's role in the Pacific Basin, I have enclosed a copy of my article, for your information.

Aloha,

DANIEL K. INOUYE United States Senator

DKI: mcb Enclosure 3/13/81

SENATOR:

You recently submitted an article on the Asian

Development Bank (prepared by Richard Collins) for publication in a special supplement to the WASHINGTON POST on April 26.

I suggest sharing a copy of the article with George Chaplini

1. Because of his strong interest in Pacific Basin matters, he would naturally be interested in the subject.

There’s a good chance he would ask you for permission to reprint it in the ADVERTISER, probably on a Sunday op-ed page.

2. The ADVERTISER is a member of the WASHINGTON POST

SERVICE, and could ensure there is no problem with advance publication of the article. (I don't think the POST would have any objection, since they don't have overlapping audiences.)

-- I drafted letter to Chaplin, if you are interested. PR PDj------8-2 Articles

THE BEHAVIOR THERAPIST

February 13, 1981

John R. Lutzker, Ph.D. Editor THE BEHAVIOR THERAPIST Rehabilitation Institute Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Illinois 62901

Dear Dr. Lutzker:

On behalf of Senator Inouye, who is currently in Hawaii, I wish to acknowledge receipt of your thoughtful communication of January 30, 1981, indicating that you are planning to publish the Senator's article entitled "National Health Insurance: Your Destiny is in Your Hands".

As I indicated on the telephone, the article was written for your Journal and thus, has not been published elsewhere.

Aloha,

PATRICK H. DE LEON Executive Assistant

PHD:jmpl Association for Advancement of Behavior Therapy Group for the Clinical Application of the Principles of Behavior Modification 420 Lexington Avenue • New York, N.Y. 10170 • (212) 682-0065

January 30, 1980

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

President G. Terence Wilson. Ph.D. President-Elect The Honorable Daniel K. Inouye Rosemery O. Nelson. Ph.D. Past-President 105 Russell Senate Office Building Michel Hersen, Ph.D. Washington, D.C. 20510 Secretary-Treasurer Michael F. Cataldo. Ph.D. Dear Senator Inouye: Representatives-at-Large Steven T. Fishman. Ph.D. ('83) Alan O. Ross. Ph.D. ('82) I was pleased to receive a manuscript from you entitled Eileen D. Gambrill. Ph.D. ('81) "National Health Insurance...Your Destiny Is in Your Hands." Affiliates and Special Interest Groups Coordinator I would very much like to publish it in the Behavior Therapist Marian L. MacDonald. Ph.D. as a Feature Article; however, before doing so I would need Continuing Education Chairperson Barry A. Edelstein, Ph.D. more information from you. First, I would need a one-paragraph Finance Chairperson abstract. Second, I need to know if it has been published Ronald S. Drabman, Ph.D. elsewhere so that permission can be requested from whatever Membership Chairperson other source has published it. Daniel M. Doleys. Ph.D. Nominations and Elections Chairperson Linda C. Sobell. Ph.D. I do hope that you can provide me with the necessary information. Professional Consultation and Peer Review Chairperson Dennis C. Russo. Ph.D. Thank you. Program Chairperson Alan S. Bellack. Ph.D. Sincerely, Publications Board Chairperson Donald J. Levis. Ph.D. Publicity Chairperson Kelly D. Brownell. Ph.D. John R. Lutzker, Ph.D. EDITORS Editor Behavior Therapy Alan E. Kazdin, Ph.D. the Behavior Therapist Behavioral Assessment Rehabilitation Institute Rosemery O. Nelson. Ph.D. Southern Illinois University the Behavior Therapist John R. Lutzker, Ph.D Carbondale, IL 62901 Managing Editor Rex Forehand. Ph.D. JRL/ccb

PAST PRESIDENTS

Michel Hersen, Ph.D. David H. Barlow, Ph.D. Alan E. Kazdin, Ph.D. Todd R. Risley, Ph.D. Nathan H. Azrin, Ph.D. Richard B. Stuart, D.S.W. Gerald C. Davison, Ph.D. Joseph R. Cautela, Ph.D. Gerald R. Patterson, Ph.D. John Paul Brady, M.D. Leonard P. Ullmann, Ph.D. Arnold A. Lazarus, Ph.D. Joseph Wolpe, M.D. Cyril M. Franks. Ph.D.

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR Mary Jane Eimer

15th Annual Convention — Sheraton Centre, Toronto — November 12 — 15, 1981 GTm------

February 20, 1981

Mr. George Chaplin Editor-in-Chief HONOLULU ADVERTISER P.O. Box 3110 Honolulu, Hawaii 96802

Dear George:

I had the opportunity to share with my Senate colleagues your recent article on the need for a national industrial policy, and to express my thoughts on this important issue. They are included in the enclosed pages of the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD.

Thank you for bringing your article to my attention. As I mentioned before, I am sure this critical area will be the topic of much discussion in Congress in the coming months.

Aloha,

DANIEL K. INOUYE United States Senator

DKI: mcb Enclosure February 19, 19S1 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD —SENATE S1377

Second, broaden the income tax ex- and a consistently limited monetary depreciation system. Under the present clusion for vanpool benefits to also in- growth policy confronts all of our eco- system a taxpayer is allowed to deduct clude employee subsidies for mass trans- nomic problems to a complementary the cost of certain equipment, to incre- portation and carpooling. way. ments, over a period of years. Both the Third, extend the 10 percent energy The budget cute will be severe, and size of these increments and the time pe- tax credit to vans purchased or leased by effect all of us. Programs on which we riod for. depreciation can vary for each employers for use in employee vanpool have, depended will no longer be avail- piece of equipment. programs. This would be available in ad- able. We are going to have to rely on Furthermore, the taxpayer must keep dition to the 10-percent investment tax ourselves instead of the Government. a separate set of records far each item credit in current law. Given the right circumstances, nothing depreciated. In short, the system is ex- Fourth, extend the tax credits to van could be better for the economy—the tremely complicated end is very time pools sponsored by third parties. This Government cannot provide for our consuming for the small business tax- provision was adopted by the Senate In needs at the expense of the economy. The payer. It is responsible for errors and the Windfall Profit Tax Act to 1979, but truly needy will be provided for. The rest canfusion in preparing tax returns and was deleted by conference committee on of us will have to use that ingenuity surely results to many small business the Windfall Profit Tax Act. which made this country great. taxpayers foregoing tax benefits to which Fifth, exclude employee incentive The reductions in taxes, both to per- they are entitled and which they so des- mileage from the rule requiring that 80 sonal taxes and for business, wifi provide perately need. percent of the use of the van be for ride the incentive for the growth which will Direct expensing, on the other hand, sharing purposes. bring the economy back to prosperity. would allow the small business to write Sixth, provide a tax credit for employ- By cutting taxes now, we wifi be able to off in 1 year, not several, his investment er administrative costs related to ride reindustrialize, provide more jobs, and in depreciable equipment up to a certain sharing programs. This credit varies ac- begin to fill the gap to services which maximum amount. Extensive recorj- cording to the percentage of employees the Government can no longer proride. keepmg is not required. This method is participating to the ride-sharing pro- The personal tax reductions will encour- simple, straightforward and it will re- gram. age investment and savings, which have sult almost immediately jn more retained Seventh, reinstate the Federal gaso- been dangerously low to this country. earnings on which small businesses rely line tax deductions for taxes on gasoline These investments will be transformed so heavily for capital investment. and motor fuels used in ride sharing into capital needed by business to spur Mr. President, the direct expensing vehicles. This would apply for ride shar- productivity. The accelerated deprecia- concept was overwhelmingly endorsed by ing vehicles used at least 176 days per tion allowances will give business the op- the White House Conference on Small year and carrying an average of at least portunity to maintain new and efficient Business. It ranked second in a priority three persons. technology in production, keeping pro- list of recommendations to the Congress CAPITAL GAINS TREATMENT FOR FOREIGN ductivity high and prices low. and the President voted on by the dele- INVES- MENT INCOME One of the most serious problems af- gates to the conference. It received this S. 452, introduced by Senator Boren, fecting productivity is the mass of well- support because of its universal appeal provides that capital gains income from meaning regulations that restrict the ac- to small business people. It would be ef- the conduct of an active business by a tivities of business. As a member of the fective as a capital formation stimulus; foreign operating company wifi not Small Business Committee, I am pain- it is easily implemented and readily un- retroactively be reclassified as ordinary fully aware of the disasterous effects derstood by the small business taxpayer income because of the reclassificantio or of these regulations have on industry. The who cannot afford a staff of attorneys the company as a foreign investment President’s plan to reduce the regulatory and accountants. company. burden on business means that industry The Tennessee delegates to the White Senator Boren had indicated that the can spend its time producing rather House Conference on Small Business bill was brought to his attention by the than filling out Governments forms. worked hard to push direct expensing as Williams Cos., but that the proposed The cooperation of the Federal Reserve a solution to the small business capital change is not drafted to solely benefit Board in establishing a consistent policy shortage. They have continued to push this company. In 1980, the Treasury De- of limited monetary growth will help to the idea through their newly formed or- partment did not oppose the identical curb inflation, and the psychology that ganization, the Tennessee Roundtable proposal when offered by Senator Bor en accompanies it. If we can reduce the ex- for Small Business, Inc. In consultation to the Senate Finance Committee. It was pectation of inflation, we will have come with them, I introduced legislation to approved by the Senate Finance Com- a long way toward reducing inflation it- _th£ last Congress (S. 2689), and again self. mittee on June 27, 1979 and November in this Congress (S. 172). to allow direct 20. 1980. but failed to be enacted prior Separately, these elements attack par- expensing up to $10,000 per year. to the adjournment of the 96th Con- ticular areas of the economy which need I submit that there is no more effective attention. Together, they present a gress. tool to deal with the small business cap- workable solution for our economic ills. I ital formation problem. I regret that it am poing to work to maintain the in- was not made a part of S. 360, but I ADDITIONAL STATEMENTS tegrity of the proposal as a unified solu- trust that the Finance Committee wifi tion. consider folding In the features of S. 172 THE PRESIDENT'S PROGRAM FOR when they mark up the omnibus bllL ECONOMIC RECOVERY SMALL BUSINESS NEEDS CAPITAL I lend my support to the omnibus bill, however. It represents much needed leg- • Mr. HAYAKAWA. Mr. President, FORMATION HELP NOW islation that will reinvigorate small busi- President Reagan was forthright and • Mr. SASSER. Mr. President, today I ness to the years ahead. understandable in describing his pro- have signed on as a cosponsor of S. 360, Small businesses are responsible for gram lor economic recovery. The tenor the Omnibus Small Business Capital much of the innovation and most of the of his manner was fitting to the tenor Formation Act of 1961. I am cosponsor- job creation in this country. It is time of the subject. We are facing an eco- ing this bill because it will alienate the that we removed the economic road- nomic disaster if we do not act promptly. critical shortage of capital facing small blocks that hinder small business expan- Inflation is rampant, productivity is businesses of this country. The bill con- sion. sluggish, unemployment is rising, and tains many promising provisions that taxes are prohibitively high. There is no will. I am sure, help small business. The A NATIONAL INDUSTRIAL POLICY incentive to grow. bill leaves out, however, one very im- I think the President's four part pro- portant concept that is strongly backed • Mr. INOUYE. Mr. President, we are all ram addresses the problems we are con- by the grassroots small business com- aware, or should be aware, of the press- fronted with, and offers a reasonable munity. This concept is direct expensing, ing need for the United States to com- and realistic approach to solving them. or first year writeoff. pete economically with other industri- The combination of budget cuts, reduc- Simply stated, direct expensing Is a alized nations of the world. It is deeply tions in taxes, recisions of regulations. reform of the present, very complicated, disturing to see the declining productiv- S137? CONGRESS! CX AL RECORD — SEN ATE February 19, 19S1

ity of the American economy, compared pete globally and at the leading edge of tech- A continuing decline in relative produc- with the rapidly escalating growth of nology. tivity. Is in a strong export position, with a large foreign nations, as evidenced in economic A continuing loss of share in world and industrial trade surplus, an extremely strong statistics of recent years. domestic markets, particularly in high tech- currency, and the highest rates of savings There is much that can be done by the nology industries. and capital formation of the advanced econ- A continuing relative decline in incomes Federal Government to encourage and omies. and living standards. promote the competitiveness of American Is controlling Inflation, with real living A declining ability to support the entire standards continuing to rise. international trade. spectrum of our domestic programs, our Has educational standards and literacy The time is long overdue for the United military defense programs, and our foreign rates that are among the world's highest. States to enact a national industrial pol- policy programs—which. In totality, com- Has the world's longest life expectancy for icy, to establish a foundation on which prise American democracy. both men and women. A continuing decline In our influence and American business can build. Givens presented this scenario of Japan's position in the world. . The American worker is more than steady climb to her present dominance: Givens had some observations about this willing to compete with the foreign We don't think of Japan as being innova- scenario. worker. Our workers are more highly tive, but the fact is she is at the forefront It’s difficult to imagine a more serious posi- educated, skilled and motivated than any of industrial nations in absorbing and ap- plying technology. (In 1978, with half of our tion for the UH., he said, than a continuing others in the world. The challenge for population, she invested $143 billion in erosion of our Industrial competitiveness. Congress is to live up to the faith vested plant and equipment compared to our $148 Everything that we plan or aspire to accom- in us by the American people, to give billion). plish as a nation depends ultimately on our them the tools with which they can com- This is no accident, but a deliberate policy ability to generate the necessary resources pete fairly and economically with com- sustained over 30 years. Japan reversed the largely through our industries This is what we’re not doing. petitors abroad. worlds competitive equilibrium, thereby If there is a prolonged period of eeonorr.lt In short, we must translate our na- achieving dominance in a long succession stress, marked by inflation, business failures tional willingness to compete into a na- of major industries previously led by the and Europt—including textiles, con- high unemployment and the like, the qual- tional policy of competitiveness. In doing sumer electronics, cameras, steel, ships, ity of life will suffer. so, we will insure a stronger, more pro- motorcycles and automobiles. And there will be increased difficulty in ductive American economy for genera- She is now advancing in such high tech- funding government programs at all levels in tions to come. nology areas as semi-conductors, computers, education, social welfare, public works, law Many of the arguments supporting the industrial robots, telecommunications (both enforcement, housing, medicare and govern- need for & national industrial policy are voice and facsimile), optical fibers, aero- ment-funded research and development. Finally, it will increasingly be harder to expressed in a recent article by Mr. space, nuclear technology and bio-technol- meet our defense obligations, so we would George Chaplin, editor in chief of the ogy. Ten years ago it was not believable that face a guns-or-butter decision. Over time, Honolulu Advertiser, and an authority Japan would become the leading manufac- the erosion of our capability can only con- for whom I have much respect. turer of automobiles. We tend to think of tribute to political instability the world over. Mr. President, I ask that the article be ' her in terms of textiles, cameras, electronics, Such developments would carry adverse printed in the Reco rd . but the most significant post-war develop- implications for Japan as well. The article is as follows: ment was when Japan displaced us as num- Although the economic outlook for Japan is favorable, that very prospect is based to a [From the Honolulu Advertiser, ber one in steel. With steel, a lot of indus- significant degree on the probable decline of Jan. 28, 19B1] trial products—autos a major example—fall into place. Japan's principal trading partner and mil- Challe ng e to U.S.: CATCH UP WITH JAPAN While Japan has maximized her exports, tary ally—a decline which almost would (By George Chaplin) the UH. by contrast has suffered a steady surely result in a deterioration of the global Japan has replaced the United States as loss in our share of the world market, which political climate in which both the U.S end the world's top industrial power and will means a decline of revenues. Jobs and, ulti- Japan must continue to live. widen her lead over the next decade—with mately, government revenues. It's perhaps even more important to re- implications that go beyond the economic to The dollar has deteriorated to about 55 mind ourselves that although Japan is cur- domestic and global politics and national se- percent of Its previous value against the rently outperforming the UH. as an incu*- curity. yen. This is reflected in our entire economy. trial power. Japan is not inherently superior The US. faces a gloomy and declining fu- The UH. is experiencing all the domestic In fact, the US. by all odds, should be the ture—unless we develop a rational industrial Stresses which one might expect would ac- superior industrial power policy at the federal level, an economic coun- company a downward shift in our position The U.S. has vastly superior resources and terpart of our foreign and defense policies, in the international economic order: chronic a two-to-one advantage in scale and has hat and devise programs and strategies to achieve inflation, chronic high unemployment, budg- a significant lead in most of the advanced clearcut goals. etary cutbacks, popular resistance to rising technologies which will generate the world’s Witham L. Givens, a longtime student of taxes, erosion of confidence in our leaders, -economic growth for the remainder of this U.S.-Japan relations, cited chapter and verse a rising level of tension and infighting, and. century. in support of his analysis in a talk yesterday among domestic interest groups a compet- The critical difference has been In basic sponsored by the Japan-America Society of ing for shares of a pie not growing ns fast aa industrial policy. Honolulu and Hawaii International Services our needs and expectations. - Japan has demonstrated a highly sophis- Agency, at the Ala Moana banquet ball. The prospect is for current patterns to ticated comprehension of international com- Givens served at the U.S. embassy in Tokyo continue lx. both countries. petitive dynamics and the government hat 1957-64, then with the Boston Consulting following a policy combining four major In Japan. Industry will almost certainly Group and now Is chairman of Twain-Brax- elements: ton Asia, a consulting firm which specializes continue rolling forward in areas of Increas- Systematically encouraging capital forma- In corporate strategy, with special focus on ing sophistication and productivity. Close tion In progressively higher technology Japan and the developing economies of Asia. collaboration will be ongoing between gov- The erosion of UH. industrial competitive- ernment and business. Then will be levels industries. ness is "very far advanced" but "we are only of education, savings, capital formation, and Maintaining high standards of education beginning to feel its effects," he said, adding worker motivation: to enable its labor force to move rapidly up that our current economic problems reflect Trade policy will continue spohisticated. the technological scale. this growing disparity between the free New technology will be absorbed at a faster Encouraging and assisting Japanese indus- world's two economic giants. rate than In the microprocessing and industry to compete aggressively for a global mar- As we move into the Eighties. Japan—with trial robots, for example. Japan is morlng ket share. 116 million people to our 220 million—is the ahead at a rate which will put her in a class Facilitating those competitive efforts by second largest economy in history and her by herself, and result in a larger share of the skillful and sophisticated trade negotiations. per capita GNP is on a par with that of the high-technology market. Productivity, in- The U.S.. on the other hand, Givens em- US. In a year or so she could surpass us "for comes, living standards will continue to rise. phasizes. has bad no Industrial policy what- good." The prospect for the United States is con- soever We have failed to do virtually all of Givens said that Japan: siderably less attractive, unless we make a the things which, as cornerstones of Japan's Is slightly ahead in technology and clearly superior in product quality and in the aggre- dramatic change of direction—which we are industrial policy, are essential to success in gate of industries which compete in world capable of doing. global competition. It shouldn’t come as a surprise that we are losing pretty much markets If our only action is to continue our well- Is operating from a favorable base of mod- established pattern of economic behavior, across the board. ern, capital-intensive industries able to com- the U8. can anticipate: Givens submits that if, over the past 25 ^Gbr'daru If, 19El CONGRLSSIOX.^ KIOORD — SENATE S1S79 years, the U.S. government had created and THE SUMMIT CONFERENCE OF 80- It is in precisely those terms that I maintained an environment in which per- CALLED NONALINED NATIONS would like to set forth the sequence of sonal savings and captial formation were events over the past decade which leads more attractive. had provided encourage- • Mr. MOYNIHAN. Mr. President. I to the events in New Delhi of the past ment. assistance and incentives for American have the painful to duty rise in the week. firms to compete in foreign markets (includ- Senate on this occasion to report that Go back. Mr. President, to 1967 and ing most notably Japan) and had used its the summit conference of the so-called considerable political influence to open those the Six Day War. Israel had once again nonalined nations meeting this last markets to U.S. products, Japan's economic been attacked by her neighbors, armed week in New Delhi, India, has disgraced accomplishments, while still remarkable. and supported by the Soviet Union. The itself and the tradition of Nehru on would have been significantly more limited attack had failed utterly, and it was which it was founded, by issuing one of in scale-and the U.S. would still today be clear that as Ions as the United States the industrial techonological leader of the the most viciously antidemocratic, anti- continued its support, the State of Israel world Western, and specifically, anti-Israeli was militarily invulnerable. In all of this. Givens sees Japan as having resolution that has ever come forward a dilemma: Resolution 242 of the Security Council, from any such body. That country is prospering to a degree framed in the aftermath of the Six Day The nonalined, as they choose to call which would not have been possible given a War, declared Israel’s absolute right to themselves, having studiously ignored reasonably competitive U.S. The price of thia exist as a sovereign state, with secure the role of the Soviet through Its satel- windfall, over the longer term, will be con- and recognized boundaries. It antici- lite Vietnam in the invasion of Cam- siderable world instability as the U.S decline pated withdrawal from territories oc- creates a military power vacuum. bodia. having studiously ignored the cupied during the war, and anticipated He thinks that Japan should encourage direct role of the Soviet Union in the and assist the to saopt measures which that some sovereignty would be estab- invasion of Afghanistan or its use of will reverse the pattern and bring American lished on the West Bank. surrogate Cuban troops in Angola, industrial competitiveness closer to its true History will see that the Soviet Union potential, even though that may reduce Yemen. and other parts of Africa, de- thereupon commenced a systematic cam- Japan's potential for future growth and ris- nounced the United States for its sup- paign to overcome the State of Israel by ing affluence in the short term. port of the democratic nation of Israel, denying its legitimacy as a state. The But long term if the U.S. falls to reverse and called on all nations to break rela- denial of its credentials to the General course and continues to decline, the result tions with that state, and specifically Assembly of the United Nations would be may be even less attractive. If the US. op- called for Israel's expulsion from the erates below its true potential, it's not tn the an important development in that se- United Nations and its associated interest of either country. quence, but it must be seen as a sequence The key, of course, is an effective American agencies. or it will not be understood. industrial policy, and on this Givens had the This was not ail. The conference con- This campaign of the Soviet Union following to say: demned what it referred to as Israel's began with an assertion of breathtaking Some people object to the concept as "so- "annexation" of territories in Galilee audacity. In a two-part article in Pravda cialistic" or "un-American.” Borne fee) that and the Negev desert. An extraordinary in 1971 it was declared that Jews, far if government win get out of the way, free statement, for these territories were part from being the victims of the Nazis, were enterprise will take care of things. of Israel even before 1967, indeed for Hu view is that good Industrial policy at in fact, their successors and previously over 30 years. The nonaimed confer- the federal level does not mean a state- their collaborators. directed economy, but a counterpart of for- ence, in sum, called for the dismember- Goebbels himself could not have con- eign or defense policy. It can and needs to be ment of the State of Israel. And de- ceived so grandiose a lie, and yet how done. The need for more effective, rational manded that Israel surrender the devastating it was. channeling ol resources is not only manifest, entire city of Jerusalem, its entire cap- Not more than a year ago, Mr. Presi- but urgent. ital city. dent, President Carter's Commission on We need national economic objectives. We Mr. President, this represents one of the Holocaust visited the site of one of need legislative programs. We need, at the the first challenges the new administra- executive level, a sophisticated trade strategy. the great massacres of the Second World tion will face in foreign affairs, and I. The thrust must be a bigger global share in War, at Babi Yer. The Commissioners higher technology sectors. for my part on this side of the aisle, were astounded to find no reference to It can be done, Givens contends. If given would like to state my absolute confi- Jews at Bad Yar. They ought not to the required effort. dence that it will meet that challenge. have been, if I may gently say, because Meanwhile, be urges the closest possitfle But I would take the opportunity of this in 1971 Pravda had declared that the economic cooperation between the U-S. and occasion to see if I could not put in some massacres at Babi Yar were a collabora- Japan. Working toward common goals, these perspective the events which took place tion of the Zionists and the Nazis. two largest Industrial powers with a com- this past week in New Delhi, because ab- bined population approaching 350 million, In the Soviet Union this campaign has with high incomes and educational levels, sent any such perspective we find our- reached levels of official antisemitism with huge technological and capital re- selves dealing with what would appear not known since the Nazi Germany resources. could make technological advances, to be episodic and unrelated events, gime existed in Europe. create trade flows and generate economic when just the opposite is the case. Just in October of last year, if I may benefits which would dwarf anything yet Mr. President. I would like to go back seen. step out of sequence for just a moment, to a great speech by Abraham Lincoln, He feels both countries have a common in- the youth magazine of the Soviet Union, given in 1857, which historians refer terest in moving in that direction. the Pionerskaya Pravda, which is the to as his "framing timbers" speech. During a question-and-answer period. magazine of what is the equivalent of In this speech Abraham Lincoln Givens said: our Boy Scout group, boys aged 9 to 14, sought to draw the attention of the Na- President Reagan has bad little exposure trained to enter Communist cadres later tian to the steady preparations being to Asia. (lightly: "He's never even been, in an in life, devoted an article to the role of made, as he then judged, for the ex ten- Asia movie.") But Secretary of State Haig the Jews in the world and their effort to has had some exposure, having been assigned' sion of slavery Into the new territories overthrow the Soviet Union. to Yokohama after World War II. And na- of the West, by seemingly unrelated One passage maybe gives you a sense tional security advisor Richard Alien has had small incremental events, and he used of it. It states: experience in Japan. this analogy: He said supposing you The media are not doing a good job tn were driving along a roadside one da5 Zionists try to penetrate all spheres of public life, as well as. ideology, science, and economic reporting. They are not articulat- and you saw a pile of framing timber; trade. Even Levi Jeans contribute to their ing the economic and political issues suffi- by the side of the road, and then an- ciently-well to serve as a bridge between the operations: the revenue obtained from the ' other day you drove by and you founc sale of these pants are used by the finn to people and government. a pile of rock, and a third day you cami help the Zionists. Americans love this country. That include* by and there was a collection of roofinj those in the labor movement, who seem In- Thugs In Afghanistan torment school- creasingly receptive to doing what’s necesssrj materials. Would you not be warrantee children with gasses—the bundles of dollars to help meet the industrial crisis. A lot de- to judge that someone was claiming U are multiplying in the safes of the Lehman* pends on national leader. ip. build a house? and Guggenheim. SENATOR:

George Chaplin has suggested you insert his article on US industrial policy into the RECORD. I assumed you would probably be interested, so noted this in the letter.

—Should I proceed with preparation of floor statement to this effect?

—gregg GTm------

February 3, 1981

Mr. George Chap1in Editor-in-Chief THE HONOLULU ADVERTISER P. 0. Box 3110 Honolulu, Hawaii 96802

Dear George:

I wish to thank you for so thoughtfully providing your recent article on the need for a national industrial policy.

The article makes several points with which I agree wholeheartedly. Unless we can come to grips with such a policy, American industry faces serious economic problems ahead, particularly considering the rapid advances by our international competitors.

I look forward to inserting this article into the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, in view of the need for increased public attention to this area. I will provide you with a copy when it is published.

You may also be interested in knowing that 1 will shortly be introducing legislation to increase the competitiveness of American service industries with their foreign counterparts.

Aloha,

DANIEL K. INOUYE United States Senator

DKI:mcb The Honolulu Advertiser

GEORGE CHAPLIN, Editor-i n-Chief Post Office Box 3110 ■ Honolulu, Hawaii 98802 January 29 , 1981

Senator Daniel K. Inouye 105 Russell Senate Office Bldg. Washington, D.C. 20510

Dear Dan:

I rarely send you news articles which I write --- but the subject of this one is, in my view, of such fundamental importance that I wanted to make sure it reached your desk.

I don't believe we can begin to truly cope with our economic problems unless we develop a Federal industrial policy which is an economic counterpart to our foreign policy and defense policy. In the enclosed story, Bill Givens makes a highly persuasive case to that effect.

I don 't know if you feel this should go into the Congressional Record or not, but I do feel the idea (which I realize is not original) has to get more serious attention than it has to date .

On another front, Kuulei Ihara has called me and I look forward to the meeting in your office here/at 2:00 on Monday, February 9.

Warmest aloha,

George Chaplin

GC/kw Enclosure The Honolulu Advertiser Jan. 28, 1981 Challenge to U.S.: Catch up with Japam

Japan is moving into world leadership in technology while less appealing U.S. products rest in showrooms.

By George Chaplin pattern of economic behavior, the U.S. can anticipate in most of the advanced technologies which will gener- But long term if the U.S. fails to reverse course and Editor in Chief, The Honolulu Advertiser • A continuing decline in relative productivity ate the world’s economic growth for the remainder of continues to decline, the result may tie even less at- • A continuing loss of share in world and domestic this century, tractive If the U.S. operates below its true potential, Japan has replaced the United States as the world's markets, particularly in high technology industries. it’s not in the interest of either country. top industrial power and will widen her lead over the • A continuing relative decline in incomes and living THE CRITICAL difference has been in basic indus next decade -- with implications that go beyond the standards. trial policy. THE KEY, OF COURSE, is an effective American economic to domestic and global politics and national • A declining ability to support the entire spectrum Japan has demonstrated a highly sophisticated com- industrial policy, and on this Givens had the following security. of our domestic programs, our military defense pro- prehension of international competitive dynamics and to say: The U.S. laces a gloomy and declining future -- un- grams, and our foreign, policy programs — which, m the government has followed a policy combining four Some people object to the concept as “socialistic" or less we develop a rational industrial policy at the totality, comprise American democracy. major elements; “un-American.” Some feel that if government will get federal level, an economic counterpart of our foreign • A continuing decline in our influence and position • Systematically encouraging capital formation in out of the way, free enterprise will take care of things and defense policies, and dense programs and strate- in the world. progressively higher technology industries. Hrs view is that good industrial policy at the federal gies to achieve clearcut goals. •0 Maintaining high standards of education to enable level does not mean a state-directed economy, but a its labor force to move rapidly up the technological William L. Givens, a longtime student of U.S. Japan GIVENS HAD SOME observations about this scenar- counterpart of foreign or defense policy. It can and relations cited chapter and verse in support of his io. sea It needs to be done. The need for more effective, rational • Encouraging and assisting Japanese industry to analysis in a talk yesterday sponsored by the Japan- It's difficult to imagine a more serious position for channeling of resources is not only manifest, but ur- compete aggressively for a global market share. America Society of Honolulu and Hawaii International the U.S., he said. than, a continuing erosion of our gent. Services Agency, at the Ala Moana banquet hall. industrial competitiveness. Everything that we plan or • Facilitating those competitive efforts by skillful We need national economic objectives. We need legis- and sophisticated trade negotiations aspire to accomplish as a nation depends ultimately on lative programs. We need, at the executive level, a GIVENS SERVED at the U.S. Embassy in Tokyo our ability to generate the necessary resources largely THE U.S., ON THE other hand, Givens emphasizes, sophisticated trade strategy The thrust must be a big- 1951-64, then with the Boston Consulting Group and now through our industries. This is what we’re not doing has had no industrial policy whatsoever. We have fail- ger global share in higher technology-sectors. is chairman of Twain-Braxton Asia, a consulting firm If there is a prolonged period of economic stress ed to do virtually all of the things which, as comer It can be done. Givens contends, if given the required which specialises in corporate strategy, with special marked by inflation, business failures, high unemploy- stones of Japan’s industrial policy, are essential io suc- effort. focus on Japan and the developing economies of Asia. ment and the like, the quality of life will suffer. cess in global competition It shouldn’t comi as a sur- Meanwhile, he urges the closest possible economic The erosion of U.S. industrial competitiveness is And there will be increased difficulty in funding gov- prise that we are losing pretty much across the board. cooperation between the U.S and Japan. Working to- "very far advanced" but “we are only beginning to ernment programs at all levels in education, social Givens submits that if, over the past 25 years, the ward common goals, these two largest industrial feel its effects," he said, adding that our current eco- welfare, public works, law enforcement, housing, mem U.S. government had created and maintained an envi- powers with a combined population approaching 350 nomic problems reflect this growing disparity between care and government-funded research and develop ronment in which personal savings and capital forma- million, with high incomes and educational levels, with the free world’s two economic giants. ment. tion were more attractive; had provided huge technological and capital resources, could make As we move into the Japan -- with 116 Finally. it will increasingly be harder to meet cur encouragement, assistance and incentives for Ameri- technological advances, create trade flows and gener million people to our 2 million -- is the second largest defense obligations, so we would face a guns or can firms to compete in foreign market.1 (including, ate economic benefits which would dwarf anything yet economy in history and her per capita GNP is on a par decision. Over time, the erosion of our capability can most notably Japan and had used its considerable po- seem. with that cf the US. . In a year or so she could surpass only contribute to political instability the world over litical influence to open those markets to U.S products. He feels both countries have a common interest in us "for good." Japan's economic accomplishments, while still moving in that direction. SUCH DEVELOPMENTS would carry adverse impli- remarkable, would have been significantly more GIVENS SAID that Japan: cations for Japan as well limited in scale -- and the U.S. would still today be the DURING A question-and-answer period. Givens said • Is slightly ahead m technology and clearly superior Although the economic outlook for Japan is favora- industrial/technological leader of the world. • President Reagan has had little exposure to Asia in product quality and in the aggregate of industries ble. that very prospect is based to a significant degree (Lightly: “He’s never ever; beer in an Asia movie’) which compete in world markets. IN ALL OF THIS, Givens sees Japan as having a on the probable decline of Japan’s principal tracing dilemma. But Secretary of State Haig has had some exposure, • Is operating from a favorable base of modern, partner and military ally — a decline which almost having been assigned to Yokohama after World War II capital intensive industries able to compete globally That country' is prospering tn a degree which would would surely result in a deterioration of the global po- not have been possible given a reasonably competitive And national security advisor Richard Allen has had and at the leading edge of technology. experience in Japan. litical climate in which both the U.S. and Japan must U.S. The price of this windfall, over the longer term, • Is in a strong export position, with a large industri- continue tc live. -will be considerable world instability as the U.S- de- • The media are not doing a good job in economic al trade surplus, an extremely strung currency, and It’s perhaps even more important to remind our- the highest rates of savings and capital formation of cline creates a military power vacuum. reporting They are not articulating the economic and selves that although Japan is currently outperforming He thinks that Japan should encourage and assist the political issues sufficiently well tn serve as a bridge the advanced economies. the U.S. is an industrial power, Japan is not inherently • Is controlling inflation. with real living standards U.S. to adopt measures which will reverse the pattern between the people and government, superior. In fact, the U.S., by all odds, should be the and bring American industrial competitiveness closer • Americans love this country. That includes those m continuing to rise superior industrial power. • Has educational standards and literacy rates that to its true potential, even though that may reduce the labor movement, who seem increasingly receptive The U.S. has vastly superior resources and a tw(-ti>- Japan's potential for future growth and rising affluence tn dome what's necessary to help meet the industrial are among the world's highest one advantage in scale and has had a sigmfirar.: icac • Has the world’s longest life expectancy (or both in the short term. cris.is A lot depends on national leadership men and women. (KIRK/vqbf) KCv PR/Newspapers, Magazines, Periodicals, Articles 8-2

(George Will’s article)

February 10, 1981

Mr. John K. Evans 3005 Normanstone Drive, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20008

Dear Mr. Evans:

On behalf of Senator Inouye, who is currently in Hawaii, I wish to thank you for your comments regarding the recent George Will article on the Senator.

I know that he deeply appreciates your thoughtful comments and kind words, and I will be sure to bring this to his attention when he returns to Washington.

Please let us know if we can ever be of assistance to you.

Aloha,

KIRK CALDWELL Legislative Assistant

KC: vqbf Compliments of Jjhn K. Evans

3003 NORMANSTONE DRIVE, N.W.

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20008

PHONE: (202) 338-8759 A Democrat to Watch

GEORGE F. WILL

ashington today seems composed in Japanese-Americans. Inouye says Hawaii ginia, became leader through meticulous Wapproximately equal proportions of usually has proportionately more men in attention to trivia, to the little favors and Democrats disoriented by defeat, Repub- military service than any other state. After courtesies (such as scheduling debates to licans disoriented by victory and journalists Pearl Harbor, a Japanese-American regi- accommodate travel plans) that a sufficient- disoriented as usual. In a town that should ment was formed by men who felt they ly diligent man, dealing with sufficiently by now be used to four-year "eras" there had something to prove, and they proved complacent colleagues, can translate into is much talk about the long-term decline to be extraordinary soldiers. Inouye was political capital. He has been considered of the Democratic Party and about a "Re- wounded three times in Europe, the last a satisfactory leader because he is his party’s publican era." But in a temperate society, time (which cost him his arm) two days ablest mechanic regarding parliamentary history has a way of moderating its move- before the shooting stopped. A few more machinery. That seemed sufficient when ments. Strong political winds often scatter Inouyes (Distinguished Service Cross, Democrats were a large, self-indulgent ma- seeds of countervailing forces. The defeat Bronze Star, Good Conduct Medal, five jority. When Democrats seek a more mag- of prominent Democrats who defined their unit citations, five battle stars) and the netic and disciplining leader, Inouye’s eli- party in the 1970s has opened the way to war would have been over sooner. gibility will be conspicuous. prominence for a different kind of Demo- Inouye, a youthful-looking 56, is com- Greatest Party: The Democratic Party crat. If this "new" kind (which is really pact and controlled. Talking to him is like is not only the world’s oldest, it is, because an old kind) had been more prominent in talking to a triumph of micro-chip electron- of its shaping role in the greatest nation the 1970s, the party would not have earned of the modem age, the world’s greatest par- a thrashing. And if this "new" kind of ty. But in the 1970s Democrats were not Democrat regains control of the party, it When Senate Democrats comfortable with one another because may quickly recover. One of the most for- many of the most prominent Democrats— midable of this kind is Daniel Inouye. seek a more magnetic Carter, Church, Kennedy, McGovern and He became a congressman in 1959, when Mondale to cite just five—were uncom- Hawaii became a state. He went for his and disciplining leader, fortable with their party’s record of strong freshman audience with the Speaker, Sam defense and strongly anti-Communist poli- Inouye’s eligibility Raybum of Texas, who gave Inouye a tour cies under Truman, Kennedy, Johnson and of die House, delivered his famous lecture will be conspicuous. Congressional leaders like Raybum. on getting along by going along and then To talk with Inouye, whose political pedi- said: "Soon you will be, next to me, the gree traces to Raybum, is to sense the best-known person in the House." When ics. He is the least ruffled spirit in Wash- Democratic Party's substantial remaining Inouye, perplexed, demurred, Raybum ex- ington, measuring his words, impatient resources of sobriety. Young Congressman plained: “There are not too many one- with imprecision and waste motion. Some Inouye developed a close relationship with armed Japanese in Congress.” Democratic senators are so bitter about Raybum, perhaps in part because he had Inouye has just been elected to his fourth their fall from majority status that they been named an "honorary Texan." (The Senate term. He won with 81 per cent, say they would "rather be saboteurs than Japanese-American regiment was part of down from 83 per cent in 1974. "The trend statesmen." Inouye rightly notes that such the Texas Division, and suffered horren- is clear," he says, dryly. Yes, at that rate was, until a few years ago, the Republi- dous casualties in an eight-day fight to of decline he will lose in the year 2076. can vice. Democrats could, he says, "sharp- relieve an embattled Texas battalion in Worth Reading: Some senators are en our parliamentary knives" just to show France.) Bismarck said that every man has closed books you have no desire to open; cleverness, but the road back is in "sharp- his basic worth, from which must be sub- others are open books always reading them- ening our minds" with new programs. tracted his vanity. Inouye is less diminished selves to you. Inouye is well worth reading, Some Democrats who are rightly im- by such subtraction than senators usually but, not being a self-advertiser, he is not pressed by the effectiveness of the national are. Perhaps that is because, as big men as well known as he should be. As a result Republican Party's television advertising do, he measures himself against big men, of the upheaval of Nov. 4, he now is twelfth for Congressional candidates, are wrongly like Raybum. Or perhaps because, years in Senate seniority. If ambition digs in its convinced that salvation lies in such elec- ago, in France and Italy, he acquired an spurs, he may become a leading actor in toral mechanics—more money, better com- antidote to vanity: earned pride. this decade’s political drama. mercials. What they are ignoring, says In- In any case, he is the sort of man who Hawaii is the most Democratic state. ouye, is that in the last four years can rehabilitate the Democratic Party. Re- It voted for Carter even though he con- Republicans developed a program to sell, publicans who see him as a threat, should. ceded before 5:00 p.m., Hawaii time. But and, under Howard Baker, became a con- But they also should think as citizens; until the early 1950s Hawaii was utterly vincing, because cohesive, force. should be thankful he is on hand; should Republican. The change began with the But before Senate Democrats can act as remember that Democrats will govern GI Bill of Rights, which opened the way Republicans acted, they need a Baker. Their again. The life of the nation is long, the to college, and hence politics, for young current leader, Robert Byrd of West Vir- life of an "era" is short.

64 o NEWSWEEK/UNUARY 5, 1981 includes such Reagan regulars as publisher THEATER Walter Annenberg (who was ambassador when Graber did Winfield House), former Diners Club president Alfred Blooming- dale and his wife, Betsy, and Beverly Hills California Dreaming friends Armand and Harriet Deutsch, all of them repeat clients. When Graber and oseph Papp s production of Sam Shep- here are Austin (Tommy Lee Jones), a his late partner-mentor William Haines ard’s True West at the Public Theater screenwriter, and Lee (Peter Boyle), a truc- went Hollywood, they did homes for the J is emblematic of the uncertainty of ulent weirdo who lives by petty burglary more stately luminaries—Jack and Mary American theater as it enters the ’80s. and is envious of his brother’s success. The Benny, Jack Warner and Joan Crawford— Here’s Shepard, now 37, who in some twist brothers are ensconced in their mother’s rather than for the Jacuzzi set. "He's sort of cultural prestidigitation has gone from house somewhere in suburban southern of the grand master, but always for people being the darling of the "experimental" the- California while she is off vacationing in who are very private and low key," says ater to winning the Pulitzer Prize, complete Alaska. Austin is trying to work on a new Rense, who featured Graber in her recent with the albatross of being called "Ameri- movie "project" and Lee is bugging him, book, "Decorating for Celebrities." ca’s leading playwright." And here’s Papp, swilling beer and relieving his anxiety by A witty, gregarious man, Graber often who’s still a "controversial" figure after swiping TV sets from the neighbors. The socializes with his clients and dresses in a generation of bringing every conceivable mvthic switch comes when a chain-wearing their blue-blazer style. Both his grandfather Hollywood producer (Louis and father were cabinetmakers and anti- Zorich) likes Lee’s dopey idea quarians who passed on their skills. Graber for a Western better than Aus- studied formally at the Chouinard Art In- tin’s project, and suddenly the stitute in Los Angeles, and was almost em- Neanderthal Lee is the success barked on a career as a movie-set designer and Austin is the envious out- when Haines talked him into the decorating sider stealing toasters. trade. He established a reputation for me- The Devastation: There’s ticulous attention to detail; for the embassy a promising idea here. Shepard residence in London, for example, he im- is dealing with all sorts of mersed himself in Georgian-period history themes: the Jekyll-Hyde inter- and tracked down the appropriate wall- changeability of highbrow and paper, a spectacular Chinese print, at a lowbrow; the devastation, spir- country estate in Ireland. Such pains are itual as well as physical, of the not taken cheaply; Graber has estimated West as territory and dream; that the average cost of a new room, before the civil war in the American art or antiques, is $50,000.* But clients spirit between conformity and seem willing as well as able to pay, because anarchy. What you see is an Graber listens to their demands. "When effective staking out of these he’s finished with a job," says Harriet themes, an irresolute develop- Deutsch, "he leaves two things behind him: ment and a botched-up climax. beautiful work and great friends." Shepard has protested that Eye: Graber’s discreet tastes have already some of his text has been impressed one discriminating Washington- changed, but it seems clear that ian: White House curator Clement Conger, both play and production are who oversees the public rooms. "I thought at fault. The play falls on both he had an unfailing eye for things that are of its faces as myth and reality: good," said Conger, who led Graber Why is Austin an Ivy League Martha Swope through the White House warehouse on smoothie and Lee a desert rat? an antique hunt a few weeks ago. (Conger’s Boyle and Jones: Cain and Abel in lotus land Why is their mother (Georgine only review of the down-home Carter deco- Hall) in Alaska (ah yes, an- rator is a pointed "no comment.") kind of theatrical experience to audiences other American frontier), and why is she It will be Conger’s task on Inaugural ranging from workshop eavesdroppers to so damned dissociated when she returns? Day to exchange the eighteenth-century Broadway herds. By Shepard’s own admis- And why is the final, lights-out combat double bed used by the Carters for the sin- sion, Papp kept him going when he was between the brothers so indecisive? Does gle-head board twin beds preferred by the broke a couple of years ago. Now the author one survive? Both? Neither? new First Couple. Then the scene will has disowned Papp’s production of his The play’s original production, at the switch to Graber, who's already planning newest play after a squabble over casting Magic Theater in San Francisco, was a col- to freshen up the paint in the living area and the resignation of director Robert laboration between longtime colleagues in and turn one bedroom into a study—a job Woodruff. Shepard has sworn never to friendly circumstances. The new actors, Pe- he hopes to finish in six months. That blue- show Papp another one of his plays, and ter Boyle and Tommy Lee Jones, are some- print sounds too timid to some. "I was Papp has sworn never to do another Shep- times effective and funny, but they seem hoping for more innovation and less res- ard play with the writer (who’s never seen distant from the play and uncertain about toration," sighs top New York decorator this production) 3,000 miles away in Cal- the effects they’re trying for. Like almost Jay Spectre. At the new White House, how- ifornia. Both men are innocent and the re- all of Shepard’s plays, “True West” is a ever, conservatism seems as welcome in sult is an unfortunate mess. hybrid: half barbaric yawp, half sophisti- the living quarters as it is in the Oval Office. "True West" is another of Shepard’s at- cated artifact. Papp’s version underscores tempts to deal with American myths as this split. It symbolizes an American the- LYNN LANGWAY with MARTIN KASINDORF in Los Angeles, JANE WHITMORE in Washington they curdle into pop fantasies. He is both ater that, whatever its successes and fail- and bureau reports appalled and fascinated by this process, and ures, has yet to produce serious and popular *By law, $50,000 is the entire budget for redecoration this ambivalence is what gives his plays drama that truly reflects the troubled of the Presidential family quarters, but some cost overruns can be covered by the $3 million annual White House their ambiguous power. "True West" is a American consciousness. maintenance fund. kind of pop Cain and Abel; the brothers JACK KROLL

63 NEWSWEEK/JANUARY 5, 1981 0 PR GTm------ARTICLES 8-2

January 30, 1981

Professor George Akita Department of History University of Hawaii at Manoa Sakamaki Hall A203 2530 Dole Street Honolulu, Hawaii 96822 Dear Professor Akita

I wish to thank you for your very kind words. Your thoughtfulness is deeply appreciated.

I am flattered by your comments, coming as they do from such an outstanding authority on Japanese history. The many former University of Hawaii students with whom I have talked continue to cite your courses as the most memorable and fulfilling on the Manoa campus.

Please know that I will be trying in the coming years to live up to the confidence you and others have placed in me. While the times ahead are full of challenges, I am confident that with your support We will be ultimately successful.

Again, my many thanks.

Aloha,

DANIEL K. INOUYE United States Senator

DKI:mcb University of Hawaii at Manoa

Department of History Sakamaki Hall A203 • 2530 Dole Street Honolulu, Hawaii 96822

18 January 1981

The Honorable Senator Daniel K. Inouye United States Congress Washington, D.C.

Dear Senator Inouye:

I read with great interest and even greater appreciation George F. Will’s article, "A Democrat to Watch." He is absolutely correct in writing that you are a "youthful-looking 56, is compact and controlled." I was pleasantly amazed at the way you looked at the Tokushige-Shimizu reception the other week.

But Will is wrong when he said that you are a Democrat to watch. I’ve been saying that since 1961. When I first returned to the University to teach, I was assigned a course: "Constitutional History of Modern Japan." In one of my first lectures in discussing seniority in the Japanese party system, I told the students: "If the voters in Hawaii are smart, they will continue to send Dan Inouye to Congress. If they do, in 20 years, he'll be the of the most powerful men in the United States. It is not only because of the seniority system, but because Inouye is smart (i was in classes with him here), and is political (in the positive sense of the term)." Historians are not supposed to predict, but I’m pleased that in one of the very few times I have done so, I have been proved correct!

As one of the 81% of the voters who have continued to have faith in you, may I extend my congratulations to you for being described in such a positive manner by Will (who writes well but with whom I tend to disagree many times).

Sincerely vours,

George Akita Professor

* I began to write "the"—a Freudian slip?

AN EQUAL OPPORTUNITY EMPLOYER PR GTm------ARTICLES 8-2

January 26, 1981

Mr. Ramsay D. Potts, Esq. Shaw, Pittman, Potts & Trowbridge 1800 M Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20036

Dear Mr.

I wish to thank-you for your very kind words regarding the article by George Will.

The next few years will be challenging, not only for the Democratic Party, but also for the nation as a whole. If we remain united and committed to our goals, I am convinced that we will ultimately be successful.

I look forward to meeting with you in the near future. Again, my thanks for your thoughtfulness.

Aloha,

DANIEL K. INOUYE United States Senator DKI:mcb Shaw , Pitt man, Potts & Trow brid ge

1800 M STREET, N. W.

WASHINGTON, D. C. 20036

RAMSAY D. POTTS RICHARD E. GALEN (202) 331-4100 STEUART L. PITTMAN ROBERT B. ROBBINS GEORGE F. TROWBRIDGE STEVEN M.LUCAS STEPHEN D. POTTS MATIAS F. TRAVIESO-DIAZ GERALD CHARNOFF VICTORIA J. PERKINS TELECOPIER PHILLIP D. BOSTWICK JOHN H. O’NEILL, JR. (202) 296-0694 A 296-1760 R. TIMOTHY HANLON JAY A. EPSTIEN GEORGE M. ROGERS, JR. RAND L. ALLEN FRED A. LITTLE TIMOTHY B. McBRIDE JOHN B. RHINELANDER ELISABETH M. PENDLETON TELEX BRUCE W. CHURCHILL LUCY G. ELIASOF 89-2693 (SHAWLAW WSH) LESLIE A. NICHOLSON, JR. PAUL A. KAPLAN MARTIN D. KRALL HARRY H. GLASSPIEGEL CABLE "SHAWLAW'’ RICHARD J. KENDALL RANDAL B. KELL JAY E. SILBERG THOMAS H. McCORMICK BARBARA M. ROSSOTTI SUSAN D. FALKSON GEORGE V. ALLEN, JR. WILLIAM P. BARR EDWARD B. CROSLAND WM. BRADFORD REYNOLDS SUSAN M. FREUND COUNSEL FRED DRASNER MARK SCHULTZ NATHANIEL P. BREED, JR. JOHN L. CARR, JR. 22 January 1981 MARK AUGENBLICK PHILIP J. HARVEY ERNEST L. BLAKE, JR. ROBERT M. GORDON CARLETON S. JONES JEANNE A.CALDERON THOMAS A. BAXTER BARBARA J. MORGEN JAMES M. BURGER BONNIE S. GOTTLIEB SHELDON J. WEISEL ALFRED M. POSTELL j oh n a . Mc Cul l ou gh HOWARD H.SHAFFERMAN J. PATRICK HICKEY DEBORAH L. BERNSTEIN GEORGE P. MICHAELY, JR. SCOTT A. ANENBERG JAMES THOMAS LENHART SETH H. HOOGASIAN STEVEN L. MELTZER sh ei l a e. Mc Caff ert y DEAN D. AULICK DELISSA A. RIDGWAY JOHN ENGEL KENNETH J. HAUTMAN STEPHEN B. HUTTLER DAVID LAWRENCE MILLER WINTHROP N. BROWN ANNE M.KRAUSKOPF JAMES B. HAMLIN FREDERICK L. KLEIN ROBERT E. ZAHLER

The Hon. Daniel K. Inouye United States Senate Washington, D.C. 20510

Dear Danny:

I have just read George Will's article about you and the future of the Democratic Party, in the 5 January issue of NEWSWEEK. It is quite a tribute and certainly well deserved. If the Democratic Party can turn to you for leadership and maintain you in the position of leadership, the Party will revive and recapture control of the Senate.

I hope and trust that over the next few months you and I will have a chance to talk about developments in the national security policy field and I will seize the earliest occasion to ask you to come to luncheon or dinner.

With best wishes, I am,

Sincerely,

Ramsay D. Ptrtts ak