Edit-Winter-2004.Pdf

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Edit-Winter-2004.Pdf VOLUME 04 ISSUE 01 :: WINTER 2004 INCLUDING :: BILLET + GENERAL COUNCIL PAPERS Enlightenment in the digital age FT Magazine editor John Lloyd looks to the future Precious Time Jennifer Trueland meets Professor Alexander McCall Smith Lessons from the American intelligence community Professor Rhodri Jeffreys-Jones investigates GENERAL COUNCIL VOTING PAPER INCLUDED WITH THIS ISSUE THE UNIVERSI TY of EDINBURGH MAGAZINE 02 news 08 features 08 Precious time Jennifer Trueland meets Professor Alexander McCall Smith, creator of the bestselling No.1 Ladies’ Detective Agency 12 Enlightenment in the digital age FT Magazine editor John Lloyd looks to the future 18 Lessons from the American elcome to the new issue of Edit. My thanks to all of you who returned intelligence community W Professor Rhodri Jeffreys-Jones the questionnaire enclosed with the Summer 2003 issue. As you’ll see, we’ve already implemented a number of changes, giving the magazine a fresh new look investigates while, at the same time, keeping the features that have made Edit such a success over the last decade. 16 gallery I hope you continue to enjoy the magazine, but please do let us know what you 22 letters think of it. You can send your comments to: Edit Editor, Communications & Public Affairs, The University of Edinburgh, 7-11 Nicolson Street, Edinburgh EH8 9BE, 24 informed or email [email protected] 24 Clubs and Reunions 26 Calling former members 27 Forthcoming events 28 Scholarship profile 29 Looking back to the future Clare Shaw 30 World Service Editor, Edit 35 billet 36 Postal Election Nominations The Billet contains the General Council’s business papers, and news about its activities Publisher Communications & Public Affairs, 12 The University of Edinburgh Centre, 7-11 Nicolson Street, Edinburgh EH8 9BE Editor Clare Shaw [email protected] Assistant Editor Charlie Allen Design Freight Design 0141 552 5303 16 Photography Chris Close and Ian McNicol Printing and Mailing Services John Blackburn Limited Advertising enquiries Landmark Publishing Services 0207 692 9292 18 No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form without the prior written consent of the publishers. Edit is printed on environment-friendly low chlorine content paper. Edit, The University of Edinburgh Magazine, is published twice a year. The views expressed in its columns are those of the contributors and do not necessarily represent those of the University. THE UNIVERSI TY of EDINBURGH MAGAZINE 02 Alumnus of the Year The University of Edinburgh/ The Royal Bank of Scotland Group Alumnus of the Year 2003 is Duncan MacLaren, Secretary General of Caritas Internationalis – one of the Chancellor presentation for largest international aid and development agencies in award winners the world. The inaugural Chancellor’s Awards Genetics and Biomedicine and Duncan MacLaren was were presented by HRH Prince Director of the Scottish Centre presented with the award, Philip, The Duke of Edinburgh for Genomic Technology and at a ceremony on 3 December at a dinner held in the Palace of Informatics. in McEwan Hall, by Sir George Holyroodhouse in August. Mathewson, Chairman of The Professor Deary’s principal The awards recognise excellence research interest is human Royal Bank of Scotland Group. in vital academic areas such as cognitive abilities, especially the Mr MacLaren studied for teaching and research and are origins of individual differences the MTh in Theology and awarded to members of staff on and the effects of ageing and Development at the University the basis of innovation, relevance, medical conditions. His best- creativity and personal dedication. of Edinburgh in 1992, whilst known research programme Nominations were sought from serving as Executive Director studies several hundred Scottish across the disciplines covered of the Scottish Catholic octogenarians known as the by the University, and the awards Lothian Birth Cohort 1921. International Aid Fund. made on the recommendation of He was chosen as Alumnus the Principal and Heads of Colleges. In the wake of the completion of the Year in recognition The winners were Professor Ian of the Human Genome Project of his contribution to the Deary, Professor of Differential in 2003, Professor Ghazal’s global community through Psychology in the School of research explores the phenomenal exceptional service to Philosophy, Psychology and opportunities for the medical and international aid agencies. Language Sciences, and Professor scientific communities to reduce Peter Ghazal (pictured recieving human suffering by revolutionising his award), Professor of Molecular the diagnosis of disease. Our times are changing will allow courses to be offered The University of Edinburgh: The authors of the book are: An Illustrated History, written by From September 2004 the University on either a full-year or a half-year Robert D. Anderson, Professor three of the University’s eminent of Edinburgh’s academic year will be basis, creating uniformity across of Modern History; Michael Lynch; the University. historians, is now available for divided across two semesters rather Sir William Fraser, Professor of purchase through the University than the current structure, which is Scottish History and Paleolography, news This structure is becoming the of Edinburgh Centre (for details based on three terms. norm in Scotland’s universities. see page 15). and Nicholas Philipson, Reader Stirling, Strathclyde and St Andrews Modern History, University of The new structure will relieve a have long been on similar systems, The book covers the history of the Edinburgh. current problem of examinations while Dundee and Glasgow are University since its origins in the late clashing with teaching periods and also in the process of changing. sixteenth century. 03 Gordon Brown’s hat trick Smart show from Edinburgh spin-outs University spin-out companies won 40% of the awards made to science-based start-up companies at the 2003 Smart:Scotland Awards. The nine companies were presented with their awards by Deputy First Minister and Minister for Enterprise and Lifelong Learning, Jim Wallace. The awards recognise ideas that have high potential for commercial success, and During the summer graduation Anderson said. “He is a historian provide additional funding ceremonies, the Right Honourable who himself has made history, and to help them on their way. Gordon Brown returned to his alma has sought not only to interpret the The awards were made to: mater to receive his third degree world but also to change it.” from the University – an Honorary Axiope Ltd, CriticalBlue The Chancellor of the Exchequer Doctorate. VP Professor Michael Ltd, DEM Solutions Ltd, was one of 2003’s 18 honorary Anderson paid tribute to Gordon Ingenza Ltd, LinearB Ltd, graduates. Also included in the Brown’s academic history, his LUX Biotechnology Ltd, list were Susan Rice, who was the political career, and his days as a Renewable Devices Ltd, first woman to head a UK clearing Simulistics Ltd and Stem student. “In conferring an honorary bank; Dr Lindiwe Mabuza, the High Cell Sciences (UK) Ltd. degree upon Gordon Brown, Commissioner of the Republic of In advance of the award the University acknowledges his South Africa to the UK; and one ceremony, presentations intellectual stature, and celebrates of the most acclaimed artists of were given by previous award the achievements of a remarkable the 20th century, musician and winners, including Wolfson man who is one of the leading poet, Alan Davie. Micro-electronics Ltd and politicians of today,” Professor Rhetorical Systems Ltd, from the University of Edinburgh. Commenting on the Bursary Awards support wider access successes, Nigel Paul, Director of Corporate Services at the Recipients of this academic year’s awarded 15 new Access Bursaries University and Chairman of Royal Bank of Scotland Access each year as part of the University’s Edinburgh Research and Bursaries and their families met widening participation programme, Innovation, said: “These with representatives of the bank and also supports the LEAPS awards are a great recognition and the Principal at a reception Summer School, in which the of the quality of our research in Old College, as they received University is a partner. The at the University, and the effort their awards. and commitment of many students, from families with no people to look for and develop Since the Royal Bank of Scotland's history of higher education, will commercialisation ideas.” University Access Programme was receive £1,000 a year for the launched in 1999, the Bank has duration of their course. THE UNIVERSI TY of EDINBURGH MAGAZINE 04 Books for Baghdad Last year the University launched its Baghdad and distribute them Books for Baghdad appeal to collect to the Iraqi universities. books for the Iraqi universities whose The campaign team hope that holdings were subjected to looting some Edinburgh alumni may be and vandalism following the collapse able to contribute to this campaign of the Saddam regime. in the following areas: medical and The aim of the appeal, launched veterinary science; engineering; in partnership with the Sunday computer science; physical Herald, is to collect between 50,000 sciences; biological sciences; to 100,000 items in English to mathematics; management and restock Iraqi universities’ libraries. business studies; social sciences; Major donations have been received linguistics; English language and from Edinburgh University Press, literature; Islamic and Middle Taylor and Francis, Routledge Eastern Studies. Non-humanities Publishers, Elsevier Science Books and non-social science books International, St Jerome Press and should be recent (post 1990) Cannongate Press in Edinburgh. because of the rapid advances Sizable individual donations of in these areas. books have also been made to the Individuals wishing to contribute appeal. The British Council has can contact Dr Ian Revie at undertaken to receive the books in [email protected] New phase for University activities in America The development of Edinburgh’s A busy schedule included reorganised to function solely as network in America entered a new meetings with influential alumni, an alumni group.
Recommended publications
  • From Colonial Segregation to Postcolonial ‘Integration’ – Constructing Ethnic Difference Through Singapore’S Little India and the Singapore ‘Indian’
    FROM COLONIAL SEGREGATION TO POSTCOLONIAL ‘INTEGRATION’ – CONSTRUCTING ETHNIC DIFFERENCE THROUGH SINGAPORE’S LITTLE INDIA AND THE SINGAPORE ‘INDIAN’ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy IN THE UNIVERSITY OF CANTERBURY BY SUBRAMANIAM AIYER UNIVERSITY OF CANTERBURY 2006 ---------- Contents ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ABSTRACT 1 INTRODUCTION 3 Thesis Argument 3 Research Methodology and Fieldwork Experiences 6 Theoretical Perspectives 16 Social Production of Space and Social Construction of Space 16 Hegemony 18 Thesis Structure 30 PART I - SEGREGATION, ‘RACE’ AND THE COLONIAL CITY Chapter 1 COLONIAL ORIGINS TO NATION STATE – A PREVIEW 34 1.1 Singapore – The Colonial City 34 1.1.1 History and Politics 34 1.1.2 Society 38 1.1.3 Urban Political Economy 39 1.2 Singapore – The Nation State 44 1.3 Conclusion 47 2 INDIAN MIGRATION 49 2.1 Indian migration to the British colonies, including Southeast Asia 49 2.2 Indian Migration to Singapore 51 2.3 Gathering Grounds of Early Indian Migrants in Singapore 59 2.4 The Ethnic Signification of Little India 63 2.5 Conclusion 65 3 THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE COLONIAL NARRATIVE IN SINGAPORE – AN IDEOLOGY OF RACIAL ZONING AND SEGREGATION 67 3.1 The Construction of the Colonial Narrative in Singapore 67 3.2 Racial Zoning and Segregation 71 3.3 Street Naming 79 3.4 Urban built forms 84 3.5 Conclusion 85 PART II - ‘INTEGRATION’, ‘RACE’ AND ETHNICITY IN THE NATION STATE Chapter
    [Show full text]
  • Globalization Versus Localization in the Singaporean Translation Market James St
    Document generated on 09/28/2021 10:25 p.m. Meta Journal des traducteurs Translators' Journal “He ‘catch no ball’ leh!” Globalization versus localization in the Singaporean Translation Market James St. André La traduction des noms propres (1) et Langue, traduction et Article abstract mondialisation : interactions d’hier, interactions d’aujourd’hui Despite the existence of local versions of English and Mandarin Chinese in Language, Translation and Globalization: Interactions from Singapore, these non-standard languages are not widely used by translators Yesterday, Interactions from Today (2) and interpreters. Simultaneous court interpretation and (some) drama prove Volume 51, Number 4, décembre 2006 by their exception to this rule that Singapore’s translation market is driven mainly by foreign, not local demand. Further, local demand by the government URI: https://id.erudit.org/iderudit/014341ar and the media points to the continued prestige of “standard” English and Mandarin, where those standards are London and Beijing, respectively. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7202/014341ar Training for local translators and interpreters, then, must continue to provide students with “standard” models of these languages if they are to compete See table of contents successfully for jobs in the marketplace. Publisher(s) Les Presses de l'Université de Montréal ISSN 0026-0452 (print) 1492-1421 (digital) Explore this journal Cite this article St. André, J. (2006). “He ‘catch no ball’ leh!” Globalization versus localization in the Singaporean Translation Market. Meta, 51(4), 771–786. https://doi.org/10.7202/014341ar Tous droits réservés © Les Presses de l'Université de Montréal, 2006 This document is protected by copyright law.
    [Show full text]
  • 2016 White Page Consulting Pvt
    MOST ADMIRED BRANDS & LEADERS Volume II www.admiredbrand.com Chief Patron Prof. Malcolm McDonald Editor-in-Chief Dhruv Bhatia Chief Operating Officer Sarmad Zargar Regional Head - Asia Asif Var Director - Research M.Y. Makky Director - Corporate Communications Kriti Nagia Head - Digital Media Shahid Bhat General Manager - Strategic Alliances & Partnerships White Page International Anubha Garg Editorial Advisors White Page International is a global consulting firm with a diverse What drives their business is the zeal to make clients successful by portfolio that includes brand consulting, print advertising, creative making the most informed decisions possible. The research conducted Sadiq Zafar - India & South East Asia advertorial promotions, PR and research. The goal is to create a by White Page, is supported by R&D on the latest industry trends and Yasir Yousuf - GCC substantial and lasting improvement in the performance of its clients leading analytical techniques. The expertise lies in performing complex and strengthening their brand value. We serve to accomplish the studies analyzing data and interpreting results leading to most goals of the brand for their products and services in the form business informed decisions through tools like Brand & Consumer Research- Client Servicing journalism and PR. With more and more brands turning to marketing Industry Research- Trade Researches Case Studies & White Papers. Indian Sub-Continent: Prasoon Jha, Danish Malik content, we leverage paid channels like advertorials and social media Southeast Asia: Taye Bayewood, Charlie Zeng, Sonia Khat- coverage for optimum coverage. • Brand and Consumer Research: wani White Page aims to be the world’s leading consulting firm, this is what Provide strategic insight into market entry strategy development, GCC Nations: Muneeb Hussain, Abdullah Al Zaim drives its focus and efforts to be the ideal partner for its clients.
    [Show full text]
  • Building and Annotating the Linguistically Diverse NTU-MC (NTU — Multilingual Corpus)
    International Journal of Asian Language Processing 24 (2): 75-88 75 Building and Annotating the Linguistically Diverse NTU-MC (NTU — Multilingual Corpus) Liling Tan and Francis Bond Division of Linguistics and Multilingual Studies, Nanyang Technological University 14 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637332, Singapore [email protected], [email protected] _________________________________________________________________________ Abstract The NTU-MC compilation taps on the linguistic diversity of multilingual texts available within Singapore. The current version of NTU-MC contains 595,000 words (26,000 sentences) in 7 languages (Arabic, Chinese, English, Indonesian, Japanese, Korean and Vietnamese) from 7 language families (Afro-Asiatic, Sino-Tibetan, Indo-European, Austronesian, Japonic, Korean as a language isolate and Austro-Asiatic). The NTU-MC is annotated with a layer of monolingual annotation (POS ans sense tags) and cross-lingual annotation (sentence-level alignments). The diverse language data and cross-lingual annotations provide valuable information on linguistic diversity for traditional linguistic research as well as natural language processing tasks. This paper describes the corpus compilation process ith the evaluation of the monolingual and cross-lingual annotations of the corpus data. The corpus is available under the Creative Commons – Attribute 3.0 Unported license (CC BY). Keywords Multilingual, Corpus, Annotations, Parallel texts, POS tagging, Alignments _________________________________________________________________________ 1 Introduction “The rapidly growing gap between the demand for high-quality multilingual content and the lag in the supply of language professionals is driving the requirement for technology that can dramatically improve translation turnaround time while maintaining exceptionally high output quality" (McCallum, 2011). Cross-lingual training using parallel corpora has been gaining popularity in NLP application tasks such as word sense disambiguation (e.g.
    [Show full text]
  • NTU– Multilingual Corpus)*
    Building and Annotating the Linguistically Diverse NTU-MC * (NTU– Multilingual Corpus) Liling Tan and Francis Bond Division of Linguistics and Multilingual Studies, Nanyang Technological University, 14 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637332, Singapore [email protected], [email protected] Abstract. The NTU-MC compilation taps on the linguistic diversity of multilingual texts available within Singapore. The current version of NTU-MC contains 375,000 words (15,000 sentences) in 6 languages (English, Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Indonesian and Vietnamese) from 6 language families (Indo-European, Sino-Tibetan, Japonic, Korean as a language isolate, Austronesian and Austro-Asiatic). The NTU-MC is annotated with a layer of monolingual annotation (POS tags) and cross-lingual annotation (sentence-level alignments). The diverse language data and cross-lingual annotations provide valuable information on linguistic diversity for traditional linguistic research as well as natural language processing tasks. This paper describes the corpus compilation process with the evaluation of the monolingual and cross-lingual annotations of the corpus data. The corpus is available under the Creative Commons – Attribute 3.0 Unported license (CC by). Keywords: Multilingual, Corpus, Parallel text 1 Introduction “The rapidly growing gap between the demand for high-quality multilingual content and the lag in the supply of language professionals is driving the requirement for technology that can dramatically improve translation turnaround time while maintaining exceptionally high output quality" (McCallum, 2011). Cross-lingual training using parallel corpora has been gaining popularity in NLP application tasks such as word sense disambiguation (e.g. Sarrafzadeh et al. 2011; Saravanan et al. 2010; Mitamura et al. 2007), information retrieval and question- answering.
    [Show full text]
  • Globalization Versus Localization in the Singaporean Translation Market James St
    Document generated on 09/27/2021 3:53 a.m. Meta Journal des traducteurs Translators' Journal “He ‘catch no ball’ leh!” Globalization versus localization in the Singaporean Translation Market James St. André La traduction des noms propres (1) et Langue, traduction et Article abstract mondialisation : interactions d’hier, interactions d’aujourd’hui Despite the existence of local versions of English and Mandarin Chinese in Language, Translation and Globalization: Interactions from Singapore, these non-standard languages are not widely used by translators Yesterday, Interactions from Today (2) and interpreters. Simultaneous court interpretation and (some) drama prove Volume 51, Number 4, décembre 2006 by their exception to this rule that Singapore’s translation market is driven mainly by foreign, not local demand. Further, local demand by the government URI: https://id.erudit.org/iderudit/014341ar and the media points to the continued prestige of “standard” English and Mandarin, where those standards are London and Beijing, respectively. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7202/014341ar Training for local translators and interpreters, then, must continue to provide students with “standard” models of these languages if they are to compete See table of contents successfully for jobs in the marketplace. Publisher(s) Les Presses de l'Université de Montréal ISSN 0026-0452 (print) 1492-1421 (digital) Explore this journal Cite this article St. André, J. (2006). “He ‘catch no ball’ leh!” Globalization versus localization in the Singaporean Translation Market. Meta, 51(4), 771–786. https://doi.org/10.7202/014341ar Tous droits réservés © Les Presses de l'Université de Montréal, 2006 This document is protected by copyright law.
    [Show full text]
  • Names of Chinese People in Singapore
    101 Lodz Papers in Pragmatics 7.1 (2011): 101-133 DOI: 10.2478/v10016-011-0005-6 Lee Cher Leng Department of Chinese Studies, National University of Singapore ETHNOGRAPHY OF SINGAPORE CHINESE NAMES: RACE, RELIGION, AND REPRESENTATION Abstract Singapore Chinese is part of the Chinese Diaspora.This research shows how Singapore Chinese names reflect the Chinese naming tradition of surnames and generation names, as well as Straits Chinese influence. The names also reflect the beliefs and religion of Singapore Chinese. More significantly, a change of identity and representation is reflected in the names of earlier settlers and Singapore Chinese today. This paper aims to show the general naming traditions of Chinese in Singapore as well as a change in ideology and trends due to globalization. Keywords Singapore, Chinese, names, identity, beliefs, globalization. 1. Introduction When parents choose a name for a child, the name necessarily reflects their thoughts and aspirations with regards to the child. These thoughts and aspirations are shaped by the historical, social, cultural or spiritual setting of the time and place they are living in whether or not they are aware of them. Thus, the study of names is an important window through which one could view how these parents prefer their children to be perceived by society at large, according to the identities, roles, values, hierarchies or expectations constructed within a social space. Goodenough explains this culturally driven context of names and naming practices: Department of Chinese Studies, National University of Singapore The Shaw Foundation Building, Block AS7, Level 5 5 Arts Link, Singapore 117570 e-mail: [email protected] 102 Lee Cher Leng Ethnography of Singapore Chinese Names: Race, Religion, and Representation Different naming and address customs necessarily select different things about the self for communication and consequent emphasis.
    [Show full text]
  • INTEGRITY 0510 Integrity Brochure
    Green Hills Software The most advanced RTOS technology The most secure & reliable RTOS The flagship of our family of operating systems, the INTEGRITY® RTOS, is built around a microkernel architecture that provides embedded systems with total reliability, absolute security, and maximum real-time response. With its leadership pedigree underscored by certifications from a range of industries, INTEGRITY sets the standard for real-time operating systems. Maximum performance, security, reliability Safety and security certifications From inception, the INTEGRITY RTOS was designed so that Since its release over 13 years ago, the INTEGRITY embedded developers could ensure their applications met RTOS has received the following certifications and the highest possible requirements for security, reliability, accreditations that testify to its robustness, enabling and performance. developers to achieve the highest levels of safety, security, and reliability in their designs. To achieve this, INTEGRITY uses hardware memory protec- s FAA: DO-178B, Level A tion to create secure partitions that isolate and protect s embedded applications. Secure partitions guarantee each Common Criteria: EAL 6+ High Robustness, the highest task the resources it needs to run correctly and fully pro- security level ever achieved for an operating system tect the operating system and user tasks from errant and s FDA: Class II and Class III medical devices malicious code—including denial-of-service attacks, s IEC: Industrial safety 61508 SIL 3 worms, and Trojan horses. s CENELEC:
    [Show full text]
  • Globalization Versus Localization in the Singaporean Translation Market James St
    Document généré le 24 sept. 2021 16:10 Meta Journal des traducteurs Translators' Journal “He ‘catch no ball’ leh!” Globalization versus localization in the Singaporean Translation Market James St. André La traduction des noms propres (1) et Langue, traduction et Résumé de l'article mondialisation : interactions d’hier, interactions d’aujourd’hui S’il existe bel et bien un anglais et un chinois de Singapour, ni l’une ni l’autre Language, Translation and Globalization: Interactions from de ces langues régionales n’est vraiment utilisée par les interprètes ou les Yesterday, Interactions from Today (2) traducteurs. L’exception confirmant la règle, on trouve parfois ces variantes en Volume 51, numéro 4, décembre 2006 interprétation judiciaire ou dans les traductions pour le théâtre. Cela démontre bien combien le marché repose davantage sur des forces extérieures que sur URI : https://id.erudit.org/iderudit/014341ar les besoins de la région. Qui plus est, localement, les autorités gouvernementales et les médias contribuent à maintenir le statut prestigieux DOI : https://doi.org/10.7202/014341ar de l’anglais britannique et du mandarin en exigeant ces formes canoniques dans leurs traductions. En conséquence, il faut enseigner les idiomes de Aller au sommaire du numéro Londres et de Beijing aux futurs traducteurs de Singapour si l’on veut qu’ils soient concurrentiels sur le marché de l’emploi. Éditeur(s) Les Presses de l'Université de Montréal ISSN 0026-0452 (imprimé) 1492-1421 (numérique) Découvrir la revue Citer cet article St. André, J. (2006). “He ‘catch no ball’ leh!” Globalization versus localization in the Singaporean Translation Market.
    [Show full text]
  • Top Ten Things to Know About Singapore in the Twenty-First Century by Charles Chao Rong Phua
    RESOURCES TEACHING RESOURCES ESSAYS Top Ten Things to Know about Singapore in the Twenty-First Century By Charles Chao Rong Phua Aerial view of downtown Singapore. Source: University of Strathclyde Glasgow website at https://tinyurl.com/y7z49f55. MANY NAMES OF SINGAPORE. A place of human habitation long before 1819 when Sir Stamford Raffles established the British settlement, Singapore is the English version of the Malay word “Singapura,” which literally means “Lion City.” Legend has it that when Sang Nila Utama, once ruler of the Srivijaya Empire in1 Sumatra, discovered the island with white sandy shores in 1299, a storm nearly capsized his boat until he threw his crown into the turbulent waters. When they landed, they spotted a strange beast (orange head, black head, and a white neck breast; his advisers claimed it was a lion) from afar, and hence the island was named Singapura. He ruled until 1347. However, modern historians, citing zoological studies, question the existence of lions in Singapore. Before Singapura, Singapore was called “Temasek,” the Malay word for “Sea Town.” This explains why the Singapore mascot is the Merlion—a word that combines sea (Temasek) and lion (Singapura). BRITAIN’S CROWN COLONY TO “UNSINKABLE” FORTRESS of the East. Sir Stamford Raffles, then-Lieutenant-Governor of British Bencoolen in West Sumatra, founded Singapore in 1819 with the intent of breaking Dutch dominance in the region. Singapore was designed and run as a free port. Owing to its geo- graphical2 location and free trade, Singapore thrived and attracted Asians, Europeans, and Arabs. Under the Raffles Plan of Singapore, the country was divided into functional and ethnic subdivisions—Chinatown, Kampong Glam (populated by Malays), and Little India are a result of this policy.
    [Show full text]
  • The Hipeac Vision for Advanced Computing in Horizon 2020
    HIGH PERFORMANCE AND EMBEDDED ARCHITECTURE AND COMPILATION THE HIPEAC VISION FOR ADVANCED COMPUTING IN HORIZON 2020 M. Duranton, D. Black-Schaffer, K. De Bosschere, J. Maebe HiPEAC_roadmap.indd 1 12/03/13 10:55 This document was produced as a deliverable of the FP7 HiPEAC Network of Excellence under grant agreement 287759. March 2013 The editorial board is indebted to Dr Max Lemke and to Dr Panos Tsarchopoulos of the Complex Systems and Advanced Computing unit of the Directorate-General for Communications Networks, Content and Technology of the European Commission for their active support to this work. HiPEAC_roadmap.indd 2 12/03/13 10:55 CONTENTS contents 1 3. technology constraints executive summary 3 and opportunities 27 preface 6 3.1. CONSTRAINTS 27 3.1.1. HIGH PERFORMANCE HARDWARE BLOCKED 1. advanced computing systems BY THE FOUNDRY COSTS 28 recommendations for horizon 2020 7 3.1.2. THE POWER CONSUMPTION COST 28 1.1. STRATEGIC AREA 1: EMBEDDED SYSTEMS 8 3.1.3. COMPLEXITY: THE ACHILLES HEEL OF SOFTWARE 31 1.1.1. COST-EFFECTIVE DESIGN OF EMBEDDED SYSTEMS 9 3.2. OPPORTUNITIES 31 1.1.2. COST-EFFECTIVE CERTIFICATION 9 3.2.1. ENTERING THE THIRD DIMENSION 31 1.1.3. SECURE EMBEDDED SYSTEMS 9 3.2.2. SILICON PHOTONICS 33 1.2. STRATEGIC AREA 2: DATA CENTER COMPUTING 9 3.2.3. WIRELESS CONNECTIVITY 33 1.2.1. LOW-POWER MICRO SERVERS AND MODULES 9 3.2.4. EMERGING MEMORY TECHNOLOGIES 33 1.2.2. NETWORK AND STORAGE I/O 10 3.2.5. STOCHASTIC/APPROXIMATE COMPUTING 35 1.3.
    [Show full text]
  • Taking the Street out of Street Food: the Singapore Case1
    Taking the Street Out of Street Food: the Singapore Case1 Claudia Squarzon [email protected] SUMMARY Street food is by definition found along the streets. In the particular case of the island- state of Singapore, the government goal towards modernization caused a radical change in the production, sale, purchase and consumption of street food products, with the creation of the open-air food markets called hawker centres, and the consequent elimination of any form of itinerant sale. Through the description of the historical changes, which led to the creation of this new type of covered-street food space, marked by a strong emphasis upon cleanliness and order by the ruling class, the main features of the hawker centres will be analysed to understand why they became a symbol of national identity. I will argue how changes in the urban landscape run in parallel with changes in people’s habits, especially in a context so linked to the everyday life as the purchase and consumption of food. In the brief history of the city-State from its foundation in 1965, besides the rapid modernization affecting people’s everyday patterns, another element that made difficult the consolidation of a Singaporean communal identity is the extraordinary social heterogeneity. Hawker food, once sold on the streets and nowadays found exclusively in the hawker centres, not only reflects the urban changes of the country, but it also holds elements of ethnic categorization, caused by the Singaporean tendency to think in ‘multi-racial’ terms. A multi-level approach has been implemented in the active observation of the hawker centres’ daily life and cultural role.
    [Show full text]