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Web publications 2005:23 Areas in Helsinki Reykjavik Helsinki km Helsinki Region km Total area ◆ Sea area ◆ Land area Oslo Helsinki Stockholm St. Petersburg Tallinn Source: City of Helsinki Urban Facts Dublin Copenhagen Riga London Vilnius Amsterdam Berlin Minsk Warsaw Brussels Hyvinkää Prague Kiev Tuusula Paris Bratislava Nurmijärvi Järvenpää Bern Vienna Budapest Vihti Kerava Ljubljana Sipoo Sarajevo Belgrade Bucharest Vantaa Lisbon Madrid Rome Espoo Sofi a Helsinki Skopje Istanbul Kauniainen Kirkkonummi Metropolitan Area Athens Helsinki Region Nature, Recreation and Sport in Helsinki Web publications 2005:23 Writers and experts Editorial group Leila Lankinen, Acting Information Manager City of Helsinki Environment Centre Sanna Ranto, Editor, Urban Facts ◆ Autio, Liisa Kaarina Heikkonen, Environmental Inspector, Environment Centre ◆ Heikkonen, Kaarina Ulla Knus, Information Secretary, Sports Department ◆ Lukin, Markus Mari Vilkki, Communications Manager, Tourist & Convention Bureau ◆ Matilainen, Marjo-Kaisa Translation ◆ Pajanen, Kaisa Magnus Gräsbeck, Stephen Skate ◆ Language revision Pakarinen, Raimo Roger Munn ◆ Salla, Antti ◆ Stén, Tiia Graphic design Olli Turunen, Tovia Design Oy ◆ Viinanen, Jari City of Helsinki Sports Department Liaison with printers ◆ Jyrkiäinen, Pekka Tarja Sundström ◆ Knus, Ulla Cover photo ◆ Snellman, Sari Helsingin kaupungin kuvapankki / Niko Soveri City of Helsinki Tourist and Convention Bureau ◆ ISSN 1458-5707 Vilkki, Mari ISBN 852-473-492-3 City of Helsinki Urban Facts ◆ Lankinen, Leila Enquiries ◆ City of Helsinki Urban Facts, Statistics and Information Service Ranto, Sanna Aleksanterinkatu 16 –18, P.O. Box 5520, FIN-00099 City of Helsinki Helsinki Metropolitan Area Council, YTV www.hel.fi/tietokeskus ◆ Aarnio, Päivi Leila Lankinen, tel +358 (0)9 169 3190 ◆ Myllynen, Maria Sanna Ranto, tel +358 (0)9 169 3205 e-mail: [email protected] Contents Nature in Helsinki .......................................... 5 Seasonal changes and daylight variations Green Helsinki HELSINGIN KAUPUNGIN RAKENNUSVIRASTO / MARLI MASALIN RAKENNUSVIRASTO HELSINGIN KAUPUNGIN Landscape and geology Flora and vegetation Wild animals Nature protection The air is clean Helsinki citizens value urban nature Maritime Helsinki .........................................16 The Helsinki archipelago is full of life City residents in the islands Recreation in the islands and seaside Fish and fishing Beach life The state of the Baltic Sea is important to Helsinki citizens Leisure and hobbies ..................................... 24 People in Helsinki read and exercise a lot Nature interests Helsinki residents Exercise and sport hobbies are popular Ice hockey draws largest audiences LIIKUNTAVIRASTON ARKISTO LIIKUNTAVIRASTON Sports and exercise ...................................... 32 Sports is a wide concept Sports facilities Tourists in Helsinki ......................................36 A number one tourist destination in Finland Special features and characteristics of Helsinki ..................................................42 A small but competitive metropolis Young and well-educated people live in Helsinki Public transport moves the city dwellers KAARINA HEIKKONEN To the reader Helsinki is Finland’s only metropolis. The urban hobbies, and international benchmarking shows image is complemented by nature, which runs Helsinki residents as particularly standing out as between settlements and embraces the city in literature and exercise enthusiasts. The fourth the form of fields and forests. Bays and head- theme is sports, both as a hobby and competi- lands, islands and islets off the coast enrich the tively. Chapter five of the publication tells about scenery. Nature is an inherent part of everyday Helsinki as a tourist destination and presents a life and leisure time pursuits for the people of range of popular sights in the city. Last but not Helsinki. Summer activities include various ex- least is some key statistical information about cursions into the great outdoors, fishing, pick- Helsinki and the people who live there. ing berries and mushrooms or just enjoying Jointly produced by four departments of the natural landscape. On hot summer days, Helsinki City – Sports Department, City Office’s the city’s numerous beaches attract swimmers Tourist and Convention Bureau, Environment and sunbathers. In winter, recent years have al- Centre and Helsinki Urban Facts – the publica- so seen a tremendous increase in winter swim- tion is primarily aimed at the general public and ming. Many destinations are also firm favour- media representatives attending the th IAAF ites with visitors to Helsinki. World Championship in Athletics held in Helsin- Nature, Recreation and Sport in Helsinki com- ki in . Sanna Ranto from City of Helsinki Ur- prises statistics, short articles and stories de- ban Facts is responsible for the editorial work. scribing Helsinki as the home of the active out- A list of contributors appears on the first pages door people and as a great travel destination. of this publication. The publication contains six chapters, the first of which tells about urban nature, the urban landscape and vegetation, the second takes us I would like to extend my sincere thanks to eve- from the land to the sea, shores and archipel- ryone contributing to the production of this ago. The theme in chapter three is leisure and publication. Helsinki, June Leila Lankinen Acting information manager 4 Nature, Recreation and Sports in Helsinki Nature in Helsinki Seasonal changes and daylight variations Green Helsinki Landscape and geology Flora and vegetation Wild animals Nature protection The air is clean HELSINGIN KAUPUNGIN KUVAPANKKI / MIKA LAPPALAINEN KUVAPANKKI HELSINGIN KAUPUNGIN Helsinki citizens value urban nature Nature, Recreation and Sports in Helsinki 5 HELSINGIN KAUPUNGIN KUVAPANKKI / MIKA ROKKA KUVAPANKKI HELSINGIN KAUPUNGIN Seasonal changes Monthly mean temperatures at Helsinki City and daylight variations Centre Weather Station in 1971 – 2000 Helsinki lies at a latitude of degrees Annual mean temperature of the period 5.6°C north, which means it experiences distinct 20 climatic variations between seasons. Al- 15 though the sea moderates fluctuations 10 in temperature, making winters and sum- 5 mers more temperate in Helsinki than in- 0 Temperature °C Temperature land, a high of +.°C was recorded in the -5 capital in summer and a minimum of -10 - .°C in the winter of . I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII Month The length of daytime in Helsinki al- so varies greatly across the year. Around Source: Finnish Meteorological Institute Christmas, there are barely six hours of daylight, but in return, around Midsum- mer the nights never really get dark – just Monthly sunshine hour averages a few hours of twilight. And actually Hel- at Helsinki 1971 – 2000 300 sinki ranks high among other European capitals when it comes to the number of 250 hours of sunshine per day averaged over 200 a year. Snow lies permanently in central Hel- 150 sinki for an average of days a year. The Hours of sunshine 100 average date for the first snowfall is No- 50 vember and for a lasting snow cover De- 0 I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII )) Previous page: Winter in eastern Helsinki, Uute- Month la headland. Source: Finnish Meteorological Institute 6 Nature, Recreation and Sports in Helsinki General information Helsinki Finland Animal emblem Squirrel (Sciurus vulgaris) Brown bear (Ursus arctos) Floral emblem Maple (Acer platanoides) Lily-of-the-valley (Convallaria majalis) National bird .. Whooper swan (Cygnus cygnus) Highest point m (Jakomäki hill) m (Mountain Halti) Longest river km (River Vantaa, partly in Helsinki) km (River Kemijoki) Number of lakes (larger than m) .. Largest lake .. km (Lake Saimaa) Number of islands (over m) Largest island ha (Island of Santahamina) km (Åland main island) Source: City of Helsinki Urban Facts, Statistics Finland Length of daylight in Helsinki in 2005 cember. The greatest depth of snow ever recorded in central Helsinki was centi- Date Sunrise at Sunset at Length of the day metres in . Vernal equinox March . h min Summer solstice June . h min Autumn equinox September . h min Green Helsinki Winter solstice December . h min Although Helsinki is the most densely pop- ulated part of Finland, it has many green ar- Source: almanakka.helsinki.fi eas: , hectares of parks, forests or rec- reational areas covering over one-third of the city’s land territory give Helsinki´s resi- dents square metres of green area per capita. In addition, the city owns , hec- tares of recreational areas outside Helsinki itself. These areas are there for the benefit of Helsinki citizens for outdoor recreation and exercise. The largest of these out-of- town recreational areas lies in the Nuuksio National Park, which is situated less than km from the city centre. The green areas in Helsinki are predom- inantly natural forest area, and thus typical- ly do not resemble European-style parks. The oldest forests in Helsinki, which have not been touched for over half a century, lie in the northern districts. * The predominant tree along the Helsinki coast is the pine. KUVA-ARKISTO RAKENNUSVIRASTON HELSINGIN KAUPUNGIN Nature, Recreation and Sports in Helsinki 7 lands, coves and islands. Many former is- Green areas in Helsinki lands in Helsinki are now integrated into the mainland and bays have been filled . Green areas maintained by the City of in, thus straightening up the shoreline in Helsinki. In a total
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