Index to the Oral History of Captain Franklin F. Shellenbarger U.S. Maritime Service (Retired) Achilles, HMS British light cruiser in the operation against the German cruiser Admiral Graf Spee in 1939, later part of the Indian Navy as RIN Delhi, 49 Admiral Graf Spee (German Cruiser) In December 1939 the ship’s crew scuttled her at Montevideo, where the hulk was later visited by crewmen from the U.S. light cruiser Helena (CL-50), 47-48, 51-55; the crews of the two ships met soon afterward in Buenos Aires, Argentina, 48-49 Alcohol In 1964 the cargo ship Extavia had a collision in the Mediterranean because the mate on watch was drunk, 192-193, 196-197, 244; in Italian merchant ships the crews must be served wine with their meals, 243-244; commercial passenger ships carried well-stocked bars over the years, 244-245 American Export-Isbrandtsen Lines Background on the history of the two companies, 258-260; for many years operated its own company union, the Brotherhood of Marine Officers, 118, 130, 141, 208, 211, 261-263; operated a number of ships in the 1940s and 1950s, 118, 130, 134; shortly after World War II resumed its service between the United States and the Mediterranean, 137-138; flexible personnel policies, 139-140, 211; rundown on inventory of ships in the late 1940s, 140; support of ships through agents, 158-160; in the 1960s operated the nuclear-powered cargo ship Savannah, 164-181; in the 1960s was slow to follow the trend toward containerization of cargo, 212-213; in the mid-1960s the chief mate of the cargo ship Extavia had a heart attack and died, leading to legal action against the company, 194-196, 199-201; in the 1960s the company chartered Victory ships to the government to deliver cargo to Vietnam, 216; emphasis on meeting the posted schedules, 226; economic conditions and the actions of Jakob Isbrandtsen led to the downfall of the company in the late 1970s, 250-251, 259-260; in 1978 the company became part of Farrell Lines, 258-259, 261 See also: Names of individual ships Antiair Warfare In December 1944 guns at Saipan fired at Japanese aircraft in the area, 109; during World War II crews were trained on light antiaircraft guns by means of simulators, 128 Argentina In early 1940, in Buenos Aires, crewmen of the light cruiser Helena (CL-50) met with former crewmen of the German cruiser Admiral Graf Spee, which had recently been scuttled in Uruguay, 48-49 Arkansas, USS (BB-33) In early 1941 served briefly as flagship for Commander Battleships Atlantic Fleet, 69-70 Armed Guards In World War II many U.S. merchant ships carried armed guard detachments made up of Navy men, 96-97, 105, 273-274 Army, U.S. In 1945 the Liberty ship Reverdy Johnson transported soldiers between the United States and Europe, 120-125; during World War II Shellenbarger’s sister served in Australia, 136 Army Air Forces, U.S. In 1941-42 Shellenbarger worked for the Glenn L. Martin Company, which was producing B-26 bombers, 74-78 B-26 Marauder In 1941-42 Shellenbarger worked for the Glenn L. Martin Company, which was producing B-26 bombers for the Army Air Forces, 74-78 Babcock & Wilcox Company In the 1950s built the nuclear reactor for the cargo ship Savannah and later provided operators during labor problems, 169, 181 Battleships Atlantic Fleet Command that in 1940-41 took part in Neutrality Patrol operations, 59-73 Bismarck (German Battleship) Her sortie into the Atlantic in May 1941 caused concern for the U.S. battleship New York (BB-34), which was at sea at the same time, 61 Black Sea In the mid-1960s the cargo ship Extavia delivered goods to Russian ports on the Black Sea, 188-191 Bombs/Bombing In 1941-42 the Norden bombsight was installed in B-26 Marauder bombers produced by the Glenn L. Martin Company, 74-76; in 1944 the damage inflicted by German bombs was evident in English cities, 99 Boston, Massachusetts The old wooden frigate Constitution has long been berthed in Boston as a symbol of the U.S. Navy’s history, 72-73 Brazil In early 1940 crew members of the light cruiser Helena (CL-50) enjoyed liberty in Santos, 50 Brown, Lieutenant Commander Thomas H., USMS During World War II taught at the Maritime Officers Training School in New London, Connecticut, and then became an officer on board the Liberty ship John R. McQuigg, 87-88, 99, 102 Buenos Aires, Argentina In early 1940, in Buenos Aires, crewmen of the light cruiser Helena (CL-50) met with former crewmen of the German cruiser Admiral Graf Spee, which had recently been scuttled in Uruguay, 48-49 Cain, Captain John R., USMS In World War II commanded a Navy destroyer escort, later became a merchant ship master, 240, 246 Carlsen, Captain Kurt Was master of the cargo ship Flying Enterprise, which was lost in early 1952 after suffering storm damage, 207-209; later was in other ships, 207-209; was perceived as a captain who took risks in heavy weather, 208-209, 247-248; in the early 1970s was briefly master of the cargo ship Export Courier, 246 Casablanca, Morocco In the 1960s and 1970s tugboat companies in the port paid kickbacks to merchant ship personnel that used tugs, 179-181 Cashman, Commander David M., USN As commanding officer of the frigate Constitution, 1987-91, considered his job ideal for networking in the Boston area, 72 Catawba Victory, SS Victory ship that in 1947 had a former prisoner of war, Elmar Saar, as master, 142 Ceylon In the late 1940s received shipments through the American Export Lines, 145-146 Coaldale Victory, SS Victory ship equipped during World War II to carry troops to and from the United States, 135-136 Coast Guard, U.S. Early in World War II operated the Maritime Officers Training School at New London, Connecticut, 77, 81; in 1945 made periodic checks on commercial ships in San Francisco, 114-115; after the end of World War II, took in a number of former merchant marine officers, 123; Coast Guard inspection service was in charge of checking qualifications for merchant marine officer licenses, 129-130 Collisions In the 1950s, the passenger ship Constitution, had a collision with a tanker, 146-147; in 1964 the American cargo ship Extavia collided with the Italian cargo ship Luigi Martini in the Mediterranean, 192-193, 196-197, 244 Colorado, USS (BB-45) Messing and berthing arrangements on board in the late 1930s, 19, 26; operation of the radio shack, 19-21, 23; participated in fleet maneuvers in the Caribbean in early 1939, including gunnery practice at Culebra, 21-25; repairs to guns at the Norfolk Navy Yard, 22; signal bridge watches in 1939, 26-27; crew’s liberty in Long Beach and the Caribbean, 28-30; operation of SOC biplanes, 28-29 Commercial Ships Operation of U.S. Liberty ships during and shortly after World War II, 87-88, 90-135; seizure of German ships by the United States during World War II, 128-129; heavy losses of merchant marine personnel during the war, 129; operation of U.S. Victory ships in the late 1940s, 135-144; operation of ships by American Export- Isbrandtsen Lines from the late 1940s to the late 1970s, 135-258; the SL-7 class operated by Sea-Land in the 1970s could run at 33 knots, 46-47 Communications Training for prospective radiomen in 1938 at the San Diego Naval Training Station, 13-15; operation of the radio shack in 1938-39 on board the battleship Colorado (BB-45), 19-21, 23; visual communications in 1939 from the signal bridge of the Colorado, 26-27; radio link between the ship and her SOC biplanes, 28-29; visual signaling in 1940 when a boat crew from the light cruiser Helena (CL-50) visited the scuttled German cruiser Admiral Graf Spee, 51-52; in 1940-41 by the flag allowance of Commander Battleships Atlantic Fleet during Neutrality Patrol operations, 59-60, 65-66; radio communication in 1945 by the Liberty ship Reverdy Johnson, 122; ham radio operations in different periods, 207 Constellation, USS (IX-20) Old sailing ship to which Shellenbarger was assigned temporarily in 1938 when the ship was berthed at Newport, 15-19, 73; in the early 1940s, at Newport, was used as relief flagship for Commander in Chief Atlantic Fleet, 71-72 Constitution, SS In the 1950s, this passenger ship had a collision with a tanker, 146-147; in the 1970s and 1980s operated out of Hawaii before being scrapped, 251 Constitution, USS (IX-21) Old wooden frigate that has long been in commission, berthed in Boston, as a symbol of the U.S. Navy’s history, 72-73 Container Dispatcher, SS American Export-Isbrandtsen Lines ship used in 1969 to transport containers after being converted from an ore carrier, 233-236 Container Forwarder, SS American Export-Isbrandtsen Lines ship used in 1969 to transport containers after being converted from an ore carrier, 233-236 Convoys In September 1944 a German U-boat sank the British merchant ship Empire Heritage while she was part of Convoy HX305, 90-92; a number of Allied ships were in a transatlantic convoy in May 1945 when the war in Europe ended, 123, 125-126; many of the convoy commodores were senior or retired naval officers, 126-127; convoying in the Atlantic essentially ended with V-E Day in May 1945, 127 Cuba In the summer of 1939 the old destroyer Herbert (DD-160) visited Havana, during a midshipman training cruise, 56-57; later in 1939, the new cruiser St.