Field Chemical Examination of the Waters in Tennessee Streams
FIELD CHEMICAL EXAMINATION OF THE WATERS IN TENNESSEE STREAMS CHARLES S. SHOUP Department of Biology, Vanderbilt University Nashville, Tennessee Reprinted from the JOURNAL OE THE TENNESSEE ACADEMY OE SCIENCE, Volume XXV, Number 1, January, 1950. FIELD CHEMICAL EXAMINATION OF THE WATERS IN TENNESSEE STREAMS' CHARLES S. SHOUP Department of Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee INTRODUCTION Fresh-water biology is a relatively new field of investigation in the southern United States, particularly in connection with fisheries re- sources and potential fish production. In the country as a whole such studies began only a little more than a half-century ago, and date from pioneer work on the Great Lakes and the important examina- tions made of the Illinois River system by S. A. Forbes (1877, 1893, 1911, 1928) with varied studies in other regions. The work of E. A. Birge and Chancy J uday (1904, 1907, 1910, 1914) on Wisconsin lakes beginning almost with the new century and of J. E. Reighard (1894) in Michigan and of C. A. Kofoid (1903) in Illinois initiated recognition of the importance of knowledge regarding biological bal- ance in fresh waters, the maintenance of which pays dividends in fishable streams and sometimes in marketable fish flesh. These studies of the general water chemistry from Tennessee streams were begun in 1938 as a part of the biological survey work which was at that time being conducted by the Tennessee Department of Conservation, Division of Game and Fish, and which ended as a state-supported enterprise in the summer of 1941. Since the war the additional supplemental and confirmatory information contained in this report has been obtained by the author, and is now offered as a contribution to support the previously-published papers which have resulted from the efforts of the first biological survey in Tennessee (Shoup, 1940; Shoup and Peyton, 1940; Shoup, Peyton, and Gen- try, 1941 ; Gentry, 1941 ; Hobbs and Shoup, 1942; Shoup, 1943; Wright and Shoup, 1945; Shoup, 1947).
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