© Entomologica Fennica. 5 December 2007

Boletina dispectoides sp.n. and six other species of fungus gnats (Diptera: ) new to Finland

Jevgeni Jakovlev & Jouni Penttinen

Jakovlev, J. & Penttinen, J. 2007: Boletina dispectoides sp.n. and siX other spe- cies offungus gnats (Diptera: Mycetophilidae) new to Finland. — Entomol. Fen- nica 18: 211—217.

Boletina dispectoides Jakovlev & Penttinen sp.n., a new species of the Boletina nitida group is described. In addition, siX other species of fungus gnats are re- ported from Finland for the first time. Manota anifurcata Lundstrom, 1913 was reared from dead wood. Exechia bicincta Staeger, 1840, Mycetophilaforcipata Lundstrom, 19 13, M. sumavica (Lastovka, 1963), Trichonta tristis (Strobl, 1898) and Sciophila plarisetosa Edwards, 1921 were caught by pit-fall and Malaise traps in southern and central Finland. Detailed information on Finnish records as well as data on the general distribution of the species and their larval micro- habitats is given. J. Jakovlev, Finnish Forest Research Institute (METLA), Vantaa Research Unit, P. 0. Box 18, FI—01301 Vantaa, Finland; [email protected] J. Penttinen, Department of Bio— and Environmental Sciences, University of Jyvc'iskylc'i, PO Box 35, FI—40014, Jyvc'iskylc'i, Finland. E—mail.‘ jokrpent @CCJ'Wfl Received 29 Nov 2006, accepted 1 March 2007

1. Introduction eight present in Finland. The species of the B. nitida group can easily be distinguished from the Since the start of the Finnish PUTTE study pro- rest of genus Boletina by their hairy laterotergite gram for poorly known and threatened species in in combination with bare Sc and the presence of 2003, altogether 112 species of fungus gnats Sc2 (Zaitzev et al. 2005). In this article a descrip- (Diptera: Bolitophilidae, Diadocidiidae, Dito- tion of the new species is given as well as myiidae, Keroplatidae, Mycetophilidae) have faunistic and ecological data on the other species been reported as new to Finland (Jakovlev et al. new to Finland. 2006, Polevoi et al. 2006) increasing the known Finnish fauna to 699 species. Further studies have yielded additional seven 2. Material and methods species of fungus gnats new to the fauna of Fin- land, including one species new for science. This The species new to Finland were found studying species, Boletina dispectoides sp.n., belongs to the fungus-gnat material collected in 2004—2005 the Boletina nitida group that was recently re- by Malaise and pit-fall trapping, sweep-netting vised by Zaitzev et al. (2005) on the part of it’s and rearing from larvae in southern and central Palaearctic species. The B. nitida group including Finland, within the biological provinces ofVarsi- B.dispectoides incorporates ten species, ofwhich nais-Suomi (Ab), Uusimaa (N), Etela-Hame (Ta) 212 Jakovlev & Penltinen ‘3 ENTO 0L. FE ICA Vol. 18

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and Pohj ois-«Hame (Tb). one glycol with some detergent was used as a pro-- the collecting localities for each species is given serving fluid in. the traps. For rearing adult fimgus separately. gnats from larvae living in decaying wood we As pita-fall traps we used plastic mugs (volume used emergence traps described in detail by 2 dL, diameter 0f6.5 cm) buried to the upper edges Jakovlev (2005). of the mugs in the debris at the bottom ofhollow Additional records of species new to Finland tree 8 and casserole dishes made of alumi~ were obtained by reviewing selected parts of the Hum. foil. (volume 5 dl. size 13 >< 10.5 cm) attached collections of the Zoological useuma Finnish with pins to the barkless trunks. Museum ofNatural History (MZ____). alaise and pitmfall traps were operated from The structure of the records presented below mid» to mid-October and emptied 4:————6 times is: number ofmales, number of females. code for during thiS interval. 70% alcohol or a 50% ethyl-:- bingeographical province eikinheimo

214 Jakovlev & Penttinen ° ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 18

Female. Unknown. B. dispectoides can be distinquished from B. Larval biology. Unknown. dispecta also by more dense hair cover on the Etymology. The species’ name indicates its mesonotum, by the slightly shorter flagellar seg- resemblance to B. dispecta. ments (2 times as long as wide in B. dispectoides Diagnostic characters. There are now five vs 2,5 times as long as wide in B. dispecta) and by closely related species of the Boletina nitida- the shorter stem of M-fork (1.2 times as long as group characterized with a similar shape of rm in B. dispectoides vs 1.7 times as long as rm in gonostyles bearing a very typical elongated fin- B. dispecta). ger-like process (which is 3—4 times as long as wide) armed with strong apical spines, and with moderately long sternal appendages of gono- 4. New species of Mycetophilidae coxites slightly exceeding the bases ofgonostyles to Finland (Fig. 2, a—e). The other three species of Boletina nitida-group occurring in Europe (B.nitida Grze- 4.1. Subfamily Manotinae gorzek, 1885, B. falcata Polevoi & Hedmark, 2004, and B. hedstroemi Polevoi & Hedmark, Manota unifurcata Lundstrom, 1913 2004) have clearly different shape ofgonostyles. Material examined. 1 9, Ta: Lammi, Lammi The new species, B. dispectoides, differs from biological station, 67731233946, reared from de- B. dispecta Dziedzicki, 1885, B. gusakovae caying wood of black alder (Alnus glutinosa) Zaitzev, 1994 and B. rejecta Edwards, 1941 in bearing fruiting bodies of Fomitopsis pinicola. having sternal submedian appendages of gono- Leg. 1.Vll.2005, emergence 27.Vll.2005, J. coxites widely rounded apically while the three Jakovlev leg. The collecting site is an herb-rich other species have sternal submedian appendages forest on calcareous soil with a big proportion of of gonocoxites narrowing apically. According to deciduous trees and hazel (Corylus avellana). the key to Palaearctic species of the Boletina Distribution data. A rare species belonging to nitida-group (Zaitzev et al. 2005, p.252) the new the subfamily Manotinae distributed mainly in species, B. dispectoides, runs to the couplet 3: tropical areas (Hippa et al. 2004, Jaschhof & “ventral processes of gonocoxites widely Hippa 2005). In central and southern Europe M. rounded apically, almost rectangular” leading to unifurcata is known from several countries, viz. B. bidenticulata Sasakawa & Kimura, 1974 from Britain, France, Denmark, Czech Republic, Po- which the new species differs primarily by the land, Hungary (described from there), Romania shape of gonostyles (Table 1). and Ukraine (Chandler 2005). In the Nordic re- The shape of gonostyles of B. dispectoides is gion recorded only from Russian Karelia (Pole- very similar to that of B. dispecta, but in B. voi 2000) and the neighboring Vologda province dispectoides the gonostyles are rounded apically ofNorthwest Russia (Zaitzev 2003). (humpbacked) while in B. dispecta they are Larval biology. There are only two former slightly pointed apically. rearing records from larvae found in rotten beech

Table 1. Diagnostic characters of the closely related species of the Boletina nitida-group.

Species Gonostylus Sternal appendages of gonocoxite

1. B. bidenticulata straight apically, fingerlike processus widely rounded apically, Sasakawa et Kimura arises from the top of gonostyle almost truncated 2. B. dispectoides sp. n. narrowly rounded apically widely rounded apically, Jakovlev et Penttinen (humpbacked) almost truncated B. dispecta Dziedzicki slightly pointed apically narrowing apically B. gusakovae Zaitzev widely rounded apically narrowing apically 91:“?3 B. rejecta Edwards almost truncated apically narrowing apically ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 18 ° New species ofMycetoplzilidae to Finland 215 wood bearing an unidentified myxomycete 28.Vll—28.Vlll.2004, J. Jakovlev leg. 1 3, Tb: (Chandler 1978) and on the surface ofvery moist, Laukaa, Vehmasmaki, 692743623435854, Mal- rotten birch wood covered with a grayish coat of aise trap 15.—28.Vll.2005, J. Penttinen leg. The an unidentified fungus (Zaitzev 1990). collecting localities are Norway spruce (Picea abies) dominated, Myrtillus type forests, Puukkohonka as old-growth forest and Vehmas- 4.2. Subfamily maki, a mature managed forest. Distribution data. Transpalaerctic species

4. 2. I . Tribe Execlziini widely distributed in Europe but in the Nordic re- gion recorded only from Sweden (Chandler Execlzia bicincta Staeger, 1840 2005). According to the Catalogue of Palaearctic Material examined. 2 33, N: Espoo, Diptera (Lastovka 1988) M forcipata is also Traskanda protected park area, 6682419: found in Finland, but was not mentioned in the 3373127, pit-fall traps: a plastic mug inside a hol- Finnish Diptera check-list (Hackman 1980). We low lime tree (Tilia cordata), 22.Vl.—12.Vll. have not found the holotype material indicated by 2005, and an aluminium casserole dish attached Lundstrom (1913, p.318) as: “1 3, Laponia on the barkless trunk of a maple tree (Acer suecica, Muonio, 8Nll.1911. Leg. Frey. (Mus. platanoides), 13.Vll.—3.Vlll.2005, J.Mattila & J. Univ. Helsingfors)” in the collections of MZH, Siitonen leg. The collecting locality is an old pro- but only two males ofMforcipata, each with the tected mansion park in the city ofEspoo with nu- label “Ponoj. R.Frey” recorded by Lundstrom merous old hollow deciduous trees, mainly lime (1914) from Kola Peninsula (Laponia rossica), trees, oaks and maples. Several red-listed sapro- Russia. xylic beetle species have been found within the Larval biology. All eXisting rearing records park (Mattila & Siitonen, pers. com.). are restricted to wood-growing polypores: Distribution data. A holarctic species wide- Piptoporus betulinus: ‘larvae at base of tubes, spread in Central and Southern Europe, Near East pupa in soil’ (Edwards 1925; Chandler 1978) and (Chandler 2005) and Russian Far East (Zaitzev Polyporus squamosus (Madwar 1937). These re- 2003). In the Nordic region found only in Den- cords however could also concern the other spe- mark, Sweden and in the neighboring areas: Esto- cies, Mycetophila pseudoforcipata Zaitzev 1998, nia, Latvia (Chandler 2005) and Russia: Lenin- that was described long afteerorcipata. Sevcik grad district (Krivosheina et al. 1986). (2004) reported the true M forcipata from Larval biology. Larvae live in soft fruiting Piptoporus betulinus. bodies of a wide range of epigeal and wood- Mycetophila sumavica (Lastovka, 1963) growing fungi. There are rearing records from Material examined. 1 3, Tb: Rautalampi, Pleurotus ostreatus, Hygroplzoropsis auranti— Kalajanvuori, 694160323484673, Malaise trap, aca, Triclzoloma populinum, Collybia acervata, 3.V.—6.Vl.2004, J. Penttinen leg. 1 3, Tb: Toi- Mycena inclinata, M. galericulata, Tricholo— vakka, Huhtalampi, 688388423461804, Malaise mopsisplatyplzylla in Hungary (Dely-Draskovits trap 14.—28.V.2005, J. Penttinen leg. Both col- 1974) and Czech Republic (Sedivy & Sevcik lecting localities are Norway spruce dominated, 2003), Omphalotus olearius in Portugal (Ribeiro Myrtillus-type old—growth forests with a plenty of 1990), Gomplzidius viscidus in Germany (Eis- deciduous and coniferous coarse woody debris. felder 1955), Pluteus salicinus in the British Isles Distribution data. The species is widely dis- (Chandler 1993) and Russula virescens in tributed in Europe including the Nordic region. Tatasrstan (Khalidov 1984). Data from Finland are given without finding 10- calities by Chandler (2005). 4.2.2. Tribe Mycetophilini Larval biology. Unknown. Trichonta tristis (Strobl, 1898) Mycetophilaforcipata Lundstrom, 1913 Material examined. 1 3, Ab: Karkali Strict Material examined. 1 3, Ta: Lammi, Nature Reserve, 668508423322111, Malaise trap Puukkohonka, 6791991:3395557 Malaise trap 23.Vlll.—4.X.2005, J. Jakovlev leg. The collect- 216 Jakovlev & Penttinen ° ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 18 ing locality is a herb-rich forest on calcareous soil Flirneola auriculaj'udae in the Czech Republic with a big proportion ofdeciduous trees and hazel (Sevcik 2005). (Corylus avellana). 1 3, Ta: Lammi, Kotinen Strict Nature Reserve, 679465023396561, Mal- Acknowledgements. The material was collected in PUTTE research “Finnish aise trap 10.IX.—3.X.2003, J. Jakovlev leg. The program, project fungus gnats (Diptera, Mycetophilidae, etc.): faunistics, habitat requirements and collecting locality is aNorway spruce dominated, threat status”. The financial support from the Finnish Min- Myrtillus—type old-growth forests with a plenty of istry of Environment is hereby acknowledged. Trapping deciduous and coniferous coarse woody debris. 1 was also partly fiinded by the Finnish Expert Group for 8, N: Sipoo, Kasis-Solbacka, 670523323400733, Diptera and Societas pro Fauna et Flora Fennica. Juha Siitonen and Jaakko Mattila are us Malaise trap 13.V—13.VI.2005, J. Jakovlev leg. (METLA) provided with the material collected in Traskanda park area. We are The is a young collecting locality spruce-domi- indebted to Alexei Polevoi (Petrozavodsk, Russia) and the forest. 1 Tb: nated, unmanaged 6, Aanekoski, anonymous referee for comments to the manuscript. Kylmahauta, 693563123432365, sweep net 16.VI.2005, J. Penttinen leg. The collecting lo- cality is a lush, spring-water fed spruce mire fo- References rest in a natural state. 1 6, Ta: Lammi, Leipa- suonaho, 678992023395865, reared from a de- Chandler, P. J. 1978: Associations with plants. Fungi. caying spruce stump bearing resupinate fruiting In: Stubbs, A & Chandler, P. I. (eds), A Dipterist’s bodies of the polypore Antrodia xantba. Leg. Handbook. Amateur Entomologist 15:1997211. The Amateur Entomologist’s Society, Middlesex. 255 pp. 28.VIII.2004, emergence 5.X.2004, J. Jakovlev Chandler, P. J. 1987: Notes on British fiingus gnats of the The is a clear-cut with re- leg. collecting locality smaller families and sub-families (Diptera, Myceto- tention trees treated with prescribed burning. philoidea). 7 Proc. Trans. Br. Entomol. Nat. Hist. Distribution data. Recorded only from Aus- Soc. 20: 1057118. tria (described from there), Switzerland (Chan- Chandler, P. 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Eisfelder, I. 1955: Die haufigsten Pilzbewohner. 7 Zeit- 4.3. Subfamily schrift fiir Pilzkundel9: 12720. Hackman, W. 1980: A check list of the Finnish Diptera 1. Sciophila plurisetosa Edwards, 1921 Nematocera and Brachycera (s.str.). 7 Not. Entomol. Material examined. 1 3, N: Tuusula, Ruotsin- 60:1748. O. & M. 1971: The kyla, 669563823390934, Malaise trap 13.V— Heikinheimo, Raatikainen, recording of localities of biological finds in Finland. 7 Ann. 13.VI.2005, J. Jakovlev leg. The collecting local- Entomol. Fennici 37 (1a): 9727. is a clear-cut forest stand. ity Hippa, H., Jaschhof, M. & Vilkamaa, P. 2004: Phylogeny A rare a Distribution data. species with Hol- of the Manotinae, with a review of Eumanota Ed— arctic distribution. In Europe reported from Brit- wards, Paramanota Tuomokoski and Promanota ain, Germany, Austria and Czech Republic Tuomikoski (Diptera: Mycetophilidae). 7 Studia 4057128. (Chandler 2005). In the Nordic region recorded Dipterol. 11(2): Jakovlev, J. 2005: A new rearing method for revealing lar- from southern Sweden et al. only (Kurina 2004). val microhabitats of saproxylic Diptera. 7 In: Siito- Larval Reared from re— biology. Hydnum nen, J. (ed), Saproxylic species in Fennoscandian fo— pandum in the British Isles (Chandler 1987) and rests 7 gathering ecological knowledge for applied ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 18 ° New Species ofMycetophilidae to Finland 217

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