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Number 77 Inside ~ The Duo-Claw Unicast Hammer Page 10 ~ Iron Chain Donated to Mt. Vernon Page 15 ~ Favorite Tools Page 18 ~ The Watkins Man Page 22

M-WTCA.ORG N. 77 Decem her 1994 Mid-West Tool Collectors Association, In~.

From the President vanced collectors attend meetings, place Editor Mary Lou Stover those fears aside and join us. It matters Associate Editor Roger K. Smith Contributing Editors Thomas Lamond Our fine organization continues to not if you have no tools, three tools, or 3,000 tools. It matters not what you William Baader attract many new members. Bill Rigler, Advertising Manager Mel Ring our treasurer, reports that he remains collect. You will be made to feel welcome. Other collectors are interested THE GRISTMILL is Lhe official publication of the Mid-West Tool quite busy processing membership Collectors Association. Inc .. and is published quarterly March, application forms. in learning about what you collect. The June. September and December. individuals who wrote the books on The purpose of the a%ociation is to promote Lhe preservation. If you have joined recently, I hope study and understanding of ancient tools, implements and devices many aspects of antique tools are in of farm, home. indusLry and shop of the pioneers; also. to study the you are quite satisfied with the quality crafts m which these objects were used and the craftsmen who attendance and openly share information used them; also to share knowledge and understanding with and content of our publications and that others. especially where it may benefit restoration. museums and you find them useful in your pursuit of with new collectors. like institutions. Remember, by joining M-WTCA, President James E. Price old tools and information about them. Box 6, You have joined more than three­ you have become an integral part of an Naylor, MO 63953 organization dedicated to the preserva­ (314) 399-2341 thousand other individuals who, like you, Vice-President David E. Heckel are fascinated by the artifacts of past tion and study of tools of the past. The 1800 McComb, organization is administered by fellow Charleston, IL 61920 technology and wish to acquire certain (217) 345-9112 specimens and learn more about them. collectors who are dedicated to repre­ Vice-President Lewis A. Cook senting the wishes of the membership. If Rt. 2, Box 4A, M-WTCA is an organization composed Fayetteville, WV 25840 of individuals of myriad backgrounds, you have suggestions which you feel (304) 574-2700 would make our organization even Vice-President Kerry McCalla occupations and lifeways. Your organi­ I 04 Engle Ct., zation boasts farmers, engineers, better, do not hesitate in sharing them Franklin, TN 37064 with your area director. Any growing (615) 791-6198 contractors, college professors, ranchers, Treasurer William Rigler doctors, attorneys, cabinetmakers, organization must continue to meet the R.R. 2, Box 152, needs of its membership and plan for the Wartrace, TN 37183 carpenters and individuals engaged in (615) 455 -1935 many other pursuits. future. Your input in providing direction Secretary Mel Ring to M-WTCA is actively solicited. 35 Orchard Ln. , I have been a member of M-WTCA Huntington, IN 46570 for many years and I well recall the first Please become active in M-WTCA. (219) 356-7471 Write an article on your favorite tool and meeting I attended. I was amazed that so Directors send it to Mary Lou Stover, our Gristmill Area A Area I many people from so many walks of life Howard Loomis, 1997 Tom Mueller, 1997 editor. Become part of a legacy by Bruce Sandberg. 1995 William Wooden. 1995 could congregate and have so much fun E. J. Renier. 1996 AreaJ trading tools and sharing information donating a tool to Mount Vernon through AreaB Ken Lord. 1997 our special Mount Vernon Committee. Morris Olson, 1997 Paul Hilgedick, 1995 about them. I am pleased that although Don Tubman. 1995 Dale Kirby. 1996 Submit a period catalog or other book in Robert Kloes. 1996 Area K our organization has increased many fold AreaC Phyllis Morse, 1997 your collection for consideration as a Bill Carter, 1997 John Ballintine, 1995 in number, it continues to attract the William Linstromberg. 1995 Jim Conover, 1996 reprint for each of our members through Michael Slasinski. 1996 AreaL same caliber of honest and sincere Area D William McDougall. 1996 the Special Publications Committee. Dale Clark, 1997 AreaM people like those of a couple of decades E. A. Olson, 1995 Paul Hamler, 1995 ago. Good people attract other good M-WTCA is what~ make it!! AreaE Area N -Jim Price Ron Farley. 1997 Philip Baker. 1997 people to our membership. George Wanamaker, 1997 Bill Bilancio. 1995 Terry Klingelhoefer. 1995 Bob Gordon, 1996 I am most optimistic about the Gary Johnson, 1995 AreaO Area F Allan Foster. 1997 future vitality of M-WTCA. In recent Mo Arnold, l 997 John Wells, 1995 Dick Opsahl. I 997 Bob Gilmore. 1996 years, our organization has attracted Virginia Callis. 1995 AreaP many bright young people who are Norman Heckman. 1995 Bud Brown, 1997 I\MlmJ Area G Roy Schaffer. 1995 becoming quite active in reseaarch and Ron Mossing, 1997 William Warner, 1996 THE GRISTMILL wants articles of John Kesterson. 1995 AreaQ writing about old tools. WeM-WTCA.ORG can be John Walter, 1996 Ray Hoke, 1997 all kinds about tools, makers, users, early Area H Willie Royal, 1995 assured that the foundation laid by our Don Riley, 1995 Area R industries, etc., photographs, old Milton Bacheller, 1996 Martin Donnelly. 1994 charter members will be built upon for Ron Cushman. 1995 many years to come to make a great advertising cuts, and anything relating to M-WTCA. Material should be typewrit­ Committee Chairman organization even better. Meeting Planning David E. Heckel If you are a new member, I want to ten, and submitted on disk when possible Elections Kerry McCalla (any ASCII-based word processing Scholarship Lewis A. Cook personally invite you to attend one of our GRISTMILL Managing Editor Mary Lou Stover program). Shorter articles are preferred. Special Publications Ashley Kennedy many area meetings, or better yet, please By-Laws and Policy E.J. Renier Deadline: Jan. 15 forMarch issue. Send Whatsit Gary Gergini come to one of our semi-annual meet­ Family Assistance George Wanamaker to: Marion Henley Award Ivan Risley ings. If you have been reluctant to meet Displays John Wells Mary Lou Stover Address Labels Scrapbook many fellow collectors because you are Kerry McCalla Barb & Mike Slasinski afraid that your collecting interests are THE GRISTMILL Editor 104 Engle Ct., Franklin. TN 37064 720 I Danny Dr.. S76 WJ9954 Prospect Dr. Publications Mailings Saginaw. Ml 48609 different from theirs or that only ad- Ann Henley Muskego, WI 53150 808 Fairway Dr., Columbia. MO 65201

THE GRISTMILL • DECEMBER, 1994 • PAGE 2 New directors chosen

Three new directors were elected in Mid-West Tool Collectors the fall. Dale Clark was named in Area D, Association National Meetings Tom Mueller in Area I and Bud Brown in AreaP. Spring, 1995 May 25, 26, 27, 1995. Frankfort, KY. Holiday Inn. Contact: Re-elected were direcotrs: Howard Doug Cox (502) 863-1407. Theme: Belknap, king of the Loomis, Area A; Morris Olson, Area B; Bluegrass. Bill Carter, Area C; Ron Farley and Fall, 1995 Sept. 28, 29, 30, 1995. Stevens Point, WI. Holiday Inn. George Wanamaker, Area E; Mo Arnold Contact Don Tubman (414) 835-4658. Themes: Wooden plow planes and logging tools. and Dick Opsahl, Area F; Ron Mossing, Area G; Ken Lord, Area J; Phyllis Morse, Area K; Phil Baker, Area N; M-WTCAArea & Other Meetings Allan Foster, Area O; Roy Hoke, Area Q. Area N Meeting Jan. 14-15, 1995. Fort pierce, FL. Contact: Phil Baker (813) Kerry McCalla, vice president­ 485-6981. elections, reported that 40.7 percent of Area Q Meeting Jan. 28, 1995. Hillsborough, NC. Contact: Ray Hoke (919) the membership in those areasvoted - 876-8512. about the same level of participation as Area P Meeting Jan. 29, 1995. York, PA. Contact: William Warner (717) 843- in previous years. Election results were 8105. announced at the fall meeting. Area K, M, N &Q Feb. 3-4, 1995. Madison, GA. Contact: Phil Baker (813) 485- 6981. Area A Meeting Feb. 18, 1995. Edina, MN. Contact: Al Renier (612) 937- 0393. Whiteside turns 90 Area B Meeting Feb. 26, 1995. St. Francis, WI. Contact: Don Tubman (414) Harold Whiteside, a charter member 835-4658. of M-WTCA known for his Gristmill Area N Meeting March 4, 1995. Mt. Dora, FL. Contact: Phil Baker (813) 485- 6981. articles and exhibits of miners' candle­ Area E Meeting March 12, 1995. Rockford, IL. Contact Gary Johnson (815) sticks at M-WTCA meetings, turned 90- 654-3304. years-old on Sept. 17. Area D Meeting March 26, 1995. Omaha, NE. Contact: E.A. Olson (402) 488- His family had a birthday party for 9208. him at Joliet, IL. Some 75 folks from Area Q Meeting April 1, 1995. Cornelius, NC. Contact: Willie Royal (704) throughout the United States attended the 366-7081. reception and dinner. Area N Meeting April 1-2, 1995. Barberville, FL. Contact: Phil Baker (813) Whiteside is in excellent health. He 485-6981. continues to collect tools from more than Area E Meeting April 4, 1995. Macomb, IL. Contact: George Wanamaker 100 trades and occupations. Miners' (309) 836-4738. candlesticks are some of his favorites. Area I Meeting April 21-23, 1995. Tulsa, OK. Contact: Chryl Poffenberger of them a folding (918) 7 45-9786. He now has 18, one Area D Meeting April 23, 1995. LaPorte City, Iowa. Contact: Junior McBride candlestick from the Comstock area in (319) 342-3053. Montana. His article in the June, 1994, Gristmill indicates his wide variety of M-WTCA.ORGinterests. He makes talks to civic groups about U.S. presidents and state symbols 011 the l1over as well as about tools.

Dick Opsahl (right) hung another tool at the M-WTCA display, "Possum Please send all applications County Tool Company," at the for M-WTCA membership to: Lost in Charleston Indiana State Fair. Story on page 5. William R. Rigler Stanley No. 9 1/2 all nickel-plated Photo by Bob Gwyn. Treasurer lost at Charleston meeting. Please contact George Wanamaker, 310 N. Rt. 2, Box 152 Pearl St., Macomb, IL 61455. (309) 836- Wartrace, TN 37183 6872.

THE GRISTMILL• DECEMBER, 1994 • PAGE 3 ~lee ting News

Area A Atwater Meet

By Al Renier A display of 11 pieces of hand- and foot-powered equipment greeted Area A members at their Atwater, MN meeting July I 6. All were operative, historically correct and documented. The display, which included eight pieces from W. F. Barnes Co., was put together by Lance Sorenson and Oscar Swanson. Needless to say, they were busy all day answering questions and giving demonstrations. The Atwater Civic Center, with its ground-level off-street parking and unloading facilities, lots of room, kitchen and tables, almost seemed to have been built for our use. Hosts Bruce and Louise Sandberg welcomed tool collectors at the door A.K. Phillips demonstrated 18th century chairmaking at Garfield Farm Mu­ seum. Photo by Richard Chapman. with hot coffee and rolls at 8 a.m. Trading and good fellowship immedi­ M-WTCA & EAIA at Garfield Farm ately took off at a fast start and contin­ ued well into the afternoon. continued on next page By Richard Chapman Jan Jorstad. It was a big day at Garfield Farm 18th century chairs, A. K. Phillips. Museum on Aug. 7 when M-WTCA and Other activites included tours of the EAIA members gathered at the 1840s 1846 teamsters inn. In the afternoon, farm in Illinois for a tool meeting. Cain and Abel, a pair of working oxen In addition to the sales tables of the farm owns, were yoked and dis­ antique tools, the following displays and played in the yard. demonstrations representing a few of the The format of the meeting was the trades and crafts from bygone years were same as last year - members only until presented. 10 a.m., then open to the general public Displays: from 10 a.m. until 2 p.m. During the Measuring Tools, George and Ketra early hours, members did their usual Wanamaker. selling, trading and visiting. Many also Tinsmithing, Leo and Delores partook of the optional farm-hand Winckler. breakfast or box lunch served by the , Ron Kripper. M-WTCA.ORGmuseum staff. humor, Francis and Ginny A special thanks to the 196 club Pfrank. members, family and friends that came Blacksmith tools, Mike and Susan from ten states to make the show a Cantlon. success. Thanks also go to Paul Corn shock compressors, Cleo Dye. Simanski, Raymond Fredrich, Pat Demonstrations: Chapman, Jerry Johnson and his mu­ Ropemaking, George and Ketra seum staff who assisted that day. To the Wanamaker. eight new members who joined the Tinsmithing, Leo and Delores organizations that day, welcome. We hope you enjoyed your first tool show. Winckler. Lance Sorenson (left) and Oscar Chairmaking, John and Bobbie Swanson provided demonstrations on McKiernan. foot- and hand-powered equipment. Barnes pedal formers, Dan Otto and

THE GRISTMILL• DECEMBER, 1994 • PAGE 4 Meeting News

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Mo Arnold displayed 160 axes - no two M-WTCA at the Indiana State Fair alike - at the Indiana State Fair. It took him 80 hours to move the collection from By Matt Borders heard of in that one day than I have in 12 his house to the fairgrounds for the M­ I suppose if I had to name the best years of tool collecting. I guess I've got a WTCA exhibit put together by Area F. feature of the M-WTCA display at the lot to learn. Indiana State Fair, it would have to be Each year, Dick Opsahl provides an that it provides a "safe" atmosphere in handle , complete with handle AreaA which to view some pretty fine tool blank, so the kids that visit can have a go displays. By safe, I mean that not one of with a spoke shave. I don't know how from previous page the tools is for sale, so I'm not tempted much they go through in the Following a great lunch, Howard to mortgage the car to pay for somehting. course of the fair, but the one day I was Loomis counted member votes and This year, it was especially good for there the blank began taking on the announced that they had picked Jack me that the tools were not for sale. You distinct form of an axe-handle-sized Klein's turning saw the Best see, I'm kind of an axe nut (especially toothpick. Single Tool Display. for special purpose axes like Thanks to Mo Arnold, Dick Opsahl, Frequently heard phrases as mem­ coachmakers and coopers axes),M-WTCA.ORG and I Charles Ewing, Cornelius Erik, Bill bers left for homes in Louisiana, Ne­ could have gone broke in a heartbeat Tangman, Maury Williamson, Ken braska, North Dakota, South Dakota, with the display Mo Arnold put together. Wasson, George Saucerman, Allen Wisconsin and Minnesota were: "We I don't know how many axes there Rodebeck, Norm Heckman and Woody should come here again" and "Thanks were, but Mo had transported his entire Woodruf for manning the display this Bruce, thanks Louise." axe collection to the fairgrounds (a feat year. Thanks, especially, to Arnold, which took about 80 hours, according to Opsahl and Ewing for yet another fine Mo) with the result that one entire wall display. was covered with every axe imaginable. As it that weren't temptation enough, the opposite wall was covered with coopers' tools belonging to Charlie Ewing. I saw more tools that I'd never

THE GRISTMILL• DECEMBER, 1994 • PAGE 5 ... H!L~ WANT!~ .... MAKER UNKNOWN

DOUBLE BLADED CURVED DESCRIPTION: Body: Reddish-brown (probably a ) 11" overall length Yokes (2): Pewter (face and wear plate one piece) Blades (2), blade seats (2) and all screws (12): Steel: 2 1/4" curved Markings: W.F. MULLANE 1919 WANTED: INFORMATION RELATED TO THE ABOVE ... any information leading to the identification of the spokeshave pictured will be greatly appreciated ...... -.. See below for details. By Thomas C. Lamond university libraries, neither of which may not be conveniently located either. If I'm right, most tool collectors have been The date may help to suggest the time frame to confronted with a recurring dilemma; "THE consider if hardware jobber catalogs can be found that UNKNOWNS"-= The unknowns I refer to are not were produced around the same time. Here again, one necessarily "Whats-its" although at times they may fall may have considerably more difficulty locating the into that category. More often than not the type of tool, catalogs. If that is successful, it will require a lot of or it's use, is readily determined. It may be quite searching with possibly a little higher probability of similar to something one already has or has seen, or success but still very time consuming and very, very the design may be a dead giveaway as to what the tool "iffy". Trade magazines from the appropriate time should be used for. What's missing is what raises the frame are another possibly but, as before, the recurring questions; WHO MADE IT? WHO probability is minimal and restricted to whatever APPLIED FOR THE PA TENT? publications may be available. Quite frequently tools, as well as many other There are some other possibilities also ... pot items, contain words or abbreviations such as "PAT. luck that someone will recognize it if you have an APPL. FOR", "PAT. PEND.", or variations of which opportunity to show it around; maybe an "authority" stand for the same things. Even though the on the type tool in question can help or you may abbreviations vary somewhat on different articles they stumble across another one that may have some stand for "PATENT APPLIED FOR" or "PATENT additional clues. No matter which, figure on more PENDING". frustration than positive results. I can't recall how many times I've heard So we're back to one ... that's why I'm someone ask if there is a record of those who applied writing this article. There is a possibility that another for patents but wereM-WTCA.ORG rejected or turned down for tool collector may be in a position to help. It may be whatever reason. The fact is, there isn't such a record just to corroborate that there is another identical or and if there was it would probably be so large and similar piece somewhere. It may be that someone confusing it probably wouldn't be very useful or knows who the maker was because they saw some manageable. So, what does one do? How does one reference somewhere and recall the information. It may determine who made those questionable tools? be that someone can provide a lead or furnish a clue There are some possibilities that rarely, but that will add a piece to the puzzle trying to be solved. occasionally, produce positive results. If the tool is I would think that the best way to reach such a dated there is a chance it may have eventually been potential source of assistance is through THE patented. (No guarantees though.) A search of the GRISTMILL. appropriate patent gazettes for that time frame may OK. .. you guessed it...l'm seeking assistance. If yield some results but this type search is very time you're reading this article you may be a potential consuming and will more than likely result in a assistant. Some of you may recognize my name in dead end. This also requires ready access to an association with shaves and similar tools and I'm appropriate library where a gazette collection is hoping you can help in identifying some of the many housed. Most of the gazettes are in patent libraries or "UNKNOWNS"" or "WHO MADE ITS" I have come

THE GRISTMILL • DECEMBER, 1994 • PAGE 6 across. My ultimate goal is to share the information out of the ordinary and worthy of identification. with others in the form of additional articles and for Hopefully they will also provide some interest to all. filling in some of the many gaps in the spokeshave and Any and all assistance will be appreciated; all similar tool area. input and/or correspondence will be acknowledged and Toward that end, I'm including some drawings responded to. of tools made by "unknown makers" which fall within Please contact: my primary area of interest. I think they are somewhat Tom Lamond, 30 Kelsey Place, Lynbrook, NY 11563

H!IJ' WANT!~... ADDITIONAL UNKNOWN MAKERS BLOCK SHAVE Body: Cast Iron Original Finish: Black Overall length: 9" Blade width: 1 5/8" Blade & Cap Screw: Steel Markings: Front of Cap ... HAVARD (inside flag) 1881 Back of Cap ... OCT. 15 1881 Comments: Similar J.Y.Simons Pat. w/ ornate handles LEATHERSKIVINGSHAVE Body: Cast Iron Original Finish: Unknown Overall length: 9" Blade Length 4 5/16" Blade & Screws: Steel Markings: None Comments: Very low angle, casting rather delicate LEATHER SHAVE (Possible) Body: Cast Iron Original Finish: Unknown Overall length: 9" Blade width: 2 3/8" Blade & Screws: Steel Markings: Nona Comments: Very low angle BEADER Body & Caps: Cast Iron Finish: Japanned Overall length: 13 5/8" Blade width: 1 1/8" (replaced) Cap Screw: Brass head on steel screw Markings: PAT. APPL'D FOR (in body) Comments: Collected sample missing cap, blades and guide (More complete example sought) TENON SHAVE Body: Cast Iron Finish: None apparent Overall length: 10 1/4" Blade width: 1 5/8" Markings: None Comments: Decorative, symmetrical designs; blade secured with steel round head screw and large washer. Semi-circular depression in sole, 3/4" dia. ~~ SCRAPERS, CURVED Bodies: Cast Iron Finish: None Apparent ~0~ 9~ --...... , Overall lengths: 1 O", M-WTCA.ORG10 3/4", 12 3/8" Blade widths: 2 5/16", 2 15/16" , 4 11 /16" Radii of Curves: 1 3/8", 2", 6 1/8" Markings: None Comments: Apparently a set or part thereof.

CABINET SCRAPERS Bodies: Cast Iron Original Finish: Japanned Overall Lengths: 10 3/4", 10 5/8", 1O 3/8" Blade widths: all 3/ 32" thick x 3 7/16" wide Markings: PAT. APL'D FOR (top: gold paint, center: raised block letters; bottom: depressed plain letters) Comments: the bottoms vary in size but are all substantially the same shape. The handles all have the same raised arc.

THE GRISTMILL• D ECEMBER, 1994 • PAGE 7 Book lleviews

Tools, Working Wood in 18th Century location imprint spelled PROVIDANCE gained priceless expertise from other tool America, Published by The Astragal instead of PROVIDENCE. Collectors makers and how such expertise can Press, 5 Cold Hill Road, Mendham, NJ believe this is the only known example sometimes be lost because one genera­ 07945-0239 with that spe11ing. The authors however tion fails to learn from the previous one. Suggested retail price $19.95 chose to focus on the USA imprint in As a tool collector, I especia11y enjoyed Reviewed By David England their notes underneath the photo. the anecdotes of buying at auction. I Nevertheless, Gaynor and Hagedorn learned about markmakers and their This book by James Gaynor, curator obviously have spent thousands of hours talents in providing the stamps that of mechanical arts at Colonial organizing and sharing their unique identified tools with their makers. Iles Wi11iamsburg, and Nancy Hagedorn, knowledge with all of us, and I'm tells us he has watched markmakers for project research historian, is beautifu11y profoundly grateful to them for sharing hours and still had not a clue as to how presented with a layout that is refresh­ their pioneering work in this field. to begin if he were to make a stamp. ingly professional for tool-related Information in this field is exploding Tool users and tool collectors will publications. right now, and Gaynor's material pushes enjoy Iles book, which supplies a This book was written in conjunc­ the body of knowledge several steps connection with the past of a famous tion with the tool exhibit at the DeWitt further. city. The book provides an enhanced Wallace Gallery from January 1994 appreciation of those tools in our through June 1995. Gaynor has spent Memories of a Sheffield Tool Maker, collection marked "Sheffield." years of planning and gathering these By Ashley Iles. 136 pages published by Note: M-WTCA members may want tools from noted collections and muse­ The Astragal Press, 5 Cold Hill Road, to re-read "The First Top Forge at ums across America and Britain. These P.O. Box 239, Mendham, NJ 07945- Wortley," a 12-page booklet on the are the icons of our early English­ 0239. Suggested retail price $15.95. beginnings of the tool industry on the American history. Reviewed By Mel Ring Don River. The booklet was distributed Gaynor mentioned to me that he had to members several years ago. gathered enough material to fill a book I was we11 into this book before I four times this large and had to pare it could figure what I was reminded of­ The Handsaw Catalog Collection: A back to its 126 pages. The authors "Forty Years of Hardware" by Norvell. Compilation of Handsaw Catalogs wound up with a book that has some­ The books are similar in that they each From the Early 1900's, E.C. Atkins & thing for collectors and researchers at a11 tel1 the life story of a man in the tool Co., Henry Disston & Sons, Simonds levels. Easiest is the section on early business. Norvell was an accomplished Mfg. Co., and Spear and Jackson, 19th century tools, with seller of tools and Iles is an accom­ Published by The Astragal Press, 5 Cold sections on layout tools, and plished maker of tools. The human side Hill Road, Mendham, NJ 07945-0239. gouges, , boring tools and planes. In of each comes out in their books. Suggested retail price $17.50 these sections, Gaynor adds little-known Iles takes us from his birth in the Reviewed By Mel Ring facts like "most 19th c. squares were not early 20s to his recent retirement as a ruled for measuring; the trend toward tool maker. He mentions briefly his This book is a must for the serious decorative tools was in 19th c. America; change from a tool maker to that of saw collector. It brings together the and no documented 18th c. American running a business in "old tools." Atkins 1919, the Diss ton 1918, the saws are known." We are told by Iles of how the tool Simonds 1910, and the Spear and The first section of the book is really industry in Sheffield began and how by Jackson 1915 handsaw catalogs a11 in the most difficult, covering advanced the time of Edward II it was already one 7-by-10-inch soft cover book that subjects like early British-AmericanM-WTCA.ORG famous for its whittles (knives). He tells will be easy for a quick look at a relationships relating to the growth of the us that Dutch artisans settled there, forgotten fact. toolmaking trade, relationships between bringing their own skills to add to the Except for a couple of tobacco spuds tool development and work, etc. The skills of the locals. In a later chapter of and a cross-cut saw or two, the whole authors place tools within a historical the book, Iles tells his reader how, after a book is devoted to the type of saw that is context and touch the social history move of his facilities away from powered by one man's arm. I'm like a lot showing the special tools (secrets of the Sheffield, he almost had to import of other tool co11ectors, I'm easily led off trade) that often pass from one genera­ Sheffield water for the tempering of on a new tangent. This book gave me an tion to the next. As far as I know, these tools. The water in the new location urge to have at least one of the saws in advanced topics have only been sparsely simply wasn't doing the job. Fortunately, the Simonds lines named after an Indian covered in past literature. modern science helped with that one and tribe or an Indian chief. Then I could One item that caught my attention a change in the chemistry of the water say, "Are you ready to turn loose of that was the photograph of the famous was made to enable a similar temper. 26-inch Algonquin with the square?" or JO.FULLER plane with the maker's The reader will learn how Iles continued on next page

THE GrusTMTLL • DECEMBER, 1994 • PAGE 8 Reviews from previous page "Will you take two Osceolas for your Hiawatha?" Buy or borrow the book and feast your eyes on that graceful Atkins No. 53 with the Damaskeen finish and carved apple handle. I t must have been like owning a Macintosh Powerbook com­ puter with fenderskirts and squirrel tails.

Handbook for Lumbermen, A 1994 reprint of a 1902 Disston & Sons publication. Suggested retail price is $17.50. Published by the Astragal Press, 5 Cold Hill Road, Mendham, NJ 07945- 0239 Reviewed by Mel Ring M-WTCA members (from left) Dick Opsahl, Maury Williamson and Mo Arnold have been in charge of the Pioneer Area at the Indiana State Fair for 34 This 164-page book is more than years. See story on page 5. Photo by Bob Gwyn. just a catalog. Disston didn't exaggerate when they called it a "handbook." In addition to listing and illustrating all the saws and tools they made for the Lumbering along the information superhighway lumbermen trade, the saw giant provided all the information necessary for the A new multimedia computer • Display a full-sized, high­ proper use and maintenance of the saws. database that provides general infor­ resolution picture of any wood or The handbook gives the prospective mation and physical, mechanical and wood product contained in the buyer a choice of two dozen cross-cut woodworking properties for 800-plus database. saws, from the Oregon or the Nevada to species of timber and wood composite • Display low-magnification cell the International. You could choose from materials has been introduced. micrographs of several hundred wood several complete saw mills or just buy a The database, called " of species. file to keep your saw in good order. the World," is offered by Tree Talk • Identify trees native to, or grown This book will be of interest to Inc., a Vermont-based nonprofit in, a specific region. collectors for their libraries, and crafts­ educational organization focused on • Describe the environmental men will surely pick up some hints from wood and forest issues. status of a given wood species. it. Even collectors of worthless informa­ The database allows users to Other information includes: tion like the writer will appreciate such access information from up to 85 sources for well-managed forest tidbits as "The 'nib' near the end of a categories of data, including: common products; more than 500 kiln-drying handsaw has no practical use whatso­ names, uses, color, texture, odor, schedules; southern design values ever, it merely serves to break the luster, grain, static bending, compres­ and span tables; an extensive reference straight line of the back of blade and is sion strength, sawing properties, list; and a glossary of wood terms. an ornamentation only." planing properties and many more. It "Woods of the World" will run on M-WTCA.ORGis designed specifically to: Mac and IBM-compatible computers. • Display all available information The cost of the software is $250 for on a given wood species. both CD-ROM and full floppy diskette • Search for wood of a particular versions. A condensed floppy version color. ' is also available for $150. • Identify appropriate uses for a For more information, or to order given species, or find species best "Woods of the World," call 1-800- suited to a particular use. 858-6230 (in the U.S. and Canada) or • Simultaneously compare the (802) 863-6789, 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. EST. color, grain and texture of up to nine wood species.

THE GRISTMILL• DECEMBER, 1994 • PAGE 9 vaguely recalls The Duo-Claw Alias casting the hammer Unicast Hammer Story and also suggested it was possibly of the time period By Ron Mossing discussed by This article is not meant to be a Comerford in the history of a prolific tool maker such as article. Tillman the excellent article Jim Mau and Ron could not remem­ Baird did concerning the Maydole ber who the Hammer Co. This article is directed hammer was cast towards the search for the inventor, the for but did refer me invention itself and the production of a to Paul Heinrich, particular hammer, which turns out to be who was head of a one-shot deal and a supposedly the pattern-making The paper label on Roy Bradley's hammer reads: financial disaster for all concerned. department for Unconditionally DUO-CLAW guaranteed HY­ My first introduction to the Unicast Unicast at the time. hammer was by way of an article in the TEMPERED ALLOY STEEL A CRIPE Tool & MFG In my conversation CORPORATION. December 1980 Chronicle by Bradley with Heinrich, he Smith in which he interviewed Fred definitely remem- Courser of Warner, NH, about his bered the hammer and, in fact, said his a mall show in Toledo a couple times a hammer collection. In the article were a son has one in his basement. Heinrich, year. Upon returning home, I wrote couple of paragraphs where Smith and from the very start, argued that the Drake asking for any information he Courser discussed markings, labels, etc., hammer was manufactured later than might have about the woman and the of the so-called Unicast hammer. Dan suggested, possibly the mid 1950s, but location of where he bought the hammer. Comerford said in the article, "One of he could not recollect who the hammer As it turned out, he had left for his my hammers was purchased by a friend, was made for either. Snowbird trip to Florida prior to receiv­ from a former employee of Unicast A good friend of mine, Bill ing my letter, so I didn't catch up with Corp. of Toledo, OH, who told him a Andrews, moved to Toledo about that him until early this spring at the mall man from Michigan held the patent and time, and his first job was with Unicast. show in Toledo. asked Unicast Corp. to make them in the He can remember polishing the hammer Drake was doing a mall show in 1940s." Since that particular article heads. Ted Przybylski, who was at that Flint, MI, when this woman approached appeared, this hammer has been referred time shop foreman, can also remember him and asked if he was interested in to as the Unicast hammer by hammer the hammer but couldn't say exactly buying some old tools. Of course, Drake collectors everywhere. This is a misno­ when they were produced. obliged her, found her house in Flint, and mer-note Roy Bradley's hammer photo The above information I acquired bought the tools. Among the tools showing the :Duo-Claw" label. The soon after Smith's article came out in received was a Duo-Claw hammer. The hammer previously know as the 1980, and I have been patiently waiting woman told Drake how her husband had "Unicast" should now become known as for some kind of break to come my way bought 100 heads from this man in the "Duo-Claw." concerning the inventor. Mau and Baird Clarkston, MI. At the time, Drake had no My interest in the hammer came had both been quietly researching this idea of the significance of his find. prior to Smith's article because I had hammer and offered me any information Drake gave me the name of Anna found a number of them in the Toledo they came upon. Finally, the big break Fendt and her husband, Fred. Fred had area and had wondered if theyM-WTCA.ORG were came at the M-WTCA in Springfield, died a few years earlier and this was indigenous to that area. After the article, MO. Ron came to me and suggested that about the extent of what Drake knew. I had a lot of help in my search because I talk to Joe Smith from Greenfield, MO, Upon returning to my office, I called the my son-in-law's grandfather, Joe because he could have some information Flint operator and asked for anyone Tillman, was the owner of Unicast Corp. I might be interested in. Joe proceeded to listed under the name of Fendt. The during the time all this supposedly tell me about a friend of his from operator said there were no Fendts in transpired. Joe Tillman is no longer Traverse City, MI, who came by a Duo­ Flint but there was a William Fendt in around but his son, Dick Tillman, my Claw hammer, but the woman he bought Clio about 20 miles north. son-in-law's father, succeeded his father it from called it a "Du-Claw" (her William Fendt turned out to be as CEO. The Tillmans sold Unicast to spelling) hammer. Joe's friend turned out Fred's brother. He gave me the phone Midland-Ross in 1968, and it has been to be Hal Drake, an M-WTCA member number of Anna and also told me Anna sold a number of times since. and someone I vaguely knew because had remarried and her present name is In talking with Dick Tillman, he Hal and his wife, Kathleen, normally did continued on next page

THE GRISTMILL • DECEMBER, 1994 • PAGE 10 I was about to leave when my Duo-Claw second jolt hit. Winkelmeyer said, "Why from previous page don't you go talk to Cripe's wife?" Trajano but her second husband had also "Cripe's wife?" "Yea, Cripe's wife, well since died. I called Anna, told her what I ex-wife, but she still lives right here in was interested in, and was granted an town and she was married to him when appointment to interview her. he was dealing in the hammer." Anna Fendt Trajano Winkelmeyer gave me the name of Anna Fendt Trajano is probably one RIP Winifred McClure and her address. of the most interesting and gracious Winifred "Squeek" McClure women in the whole world. Her husband, Winifred McClure also is a very Fred, was a tool designer with Fisher gracious woman, a woman while married Body Co. for a number of years and was to Cripe had to work and be the bread­ also involved in motion study. It seems winner while Cripe did his entrepreneur like Fred and Anna while living in Grand thing. Actually, McClure didn't know all Blanc, probably in the mid-50s, bought that much about the hammer either. She 1,000 of the Duo-Claw hammers (heads gave me a time frame when she knew the only) from Al Cripe, whom Trajano said hammer was cast, between 1953 and The other label is diamond-shaped, such was from Clarkston, MI. Trajano told 1960. as this hand-drawn copy of a hammer how Fred, their children and herself She definitely knew the hammer owned by Jacob T othero. spent hours putting handles into these because she went to her basement and heads. How they worked almost 36 ad placed by Cripe in the February 1957 brought one upstairs. Her hammer had a straight hours to be ready for the grand Carpenters Union Magazine from good perfect diamond shaped label on it. She opening of one of the new Hamady old Jim Mau. The ad showed the Duo­ also felt that it was Unicast that cast the grocery stores in Flint, where Trajano Claw hammer for sale but with a Holly, hammer. As if two jolts in one day says she sat for hours trying to sell these MI, post office box number. In Holly, I weren't enough, I was about to get hammers by demonstrating the use and stopped at the local library, hoping they another. McClure suggested I call or quality of this superb hammer. In fact, would have some yearly business write Cripe. She gave me his address and they even developed a slogan, "A one­ directories, which they didn't. However, phone number. armed man can nail with this hammer all they offered me some names of local continued on following page day." residents with The Fendts also, through long hours whom I should talk. of trial and error, developed the liquid Among the names which Trajano calls epoxy that was were Mrs. McKay A hammer \vhich is said to eliminate need placed in the eye of the head after the of McKay's for a block for lever:1 ge in pulling he~wy handle was in place. So any of you hardware and Don collectors that have one of these ham­ Winkelmeyer of mers that has a gray substance in the eye, Winkelmeyer you can be assured that it is an original furniture and luckily handle and is a Fendt-handled hammer. Winkelmeyer was Trajano says that this little enterprise in. I introduced was a financial disaster for them because myself, showed him no one wanted the hammer,M-WTCA.ORG and they one the hammers, ended up giving them away. She even and the first thing said they hired a traveling salesman, and he said was "We11, he never sold a one; all he ever wanted this is one of Al was his expense checks. Bradley Smith's Cripe's hammers." I article about Courser' s collection couldn't believe it, nails. Available in 16 oz. size from A. suggests a blind wedge. Trajano says she but that was only has never seen a Duo-Claw hammer with Cripe Tool ~lfg. Corp.~ Box 155, Holly, the first of my jolts .\ lich. a blind wedge. I have since talked to for the day. We Courser and it seems none of his Duo­ talked some about Claw hammers has a blind wedge either. Cripe, but Prior to following Trajano' s Winkelmeyer rea11y didn't know much A column on new products in the February suggestion and going to Clarkston, MI, about the origination of the hammer, nor 1957 Carpenters Union magazine showed to look for Cripe, I received a copy of an of the time frame. how the Duo-Claw hammer was used.

THE GRISTMILL• D ECEMBER, 1994 • PAGE 11 Obituaries Duo-Claw accomplished if the desire is there. I would like to give thanks to everyone Derald Causie From previous page who helped me put this puzzle together Al Cripe, and especially Jim Mau, Ron Baird, Red Derald Causie, a longtime M­ Entrepreneur Extraordinaire Courser, Bradley Smith, Hal Drake, Joe WTCA member from Saginaw, MI, died Al Cripe now lives in Henry, TN, Smith, Jacob Tothero, Roy Bradley and in May after being in ill health. He was and is president of Tri-Co Recycling & my good friend and photographer Steve 79. Mfg. Co. I weighed how I was going to Cotner. He served in the Civil Defense approach Cripe, whether to phone him or I always had a question in my mind during World War II and later as Chief write him. I finally decided to make it as about the hammer: If the hammer was of the Saginaw Auxiliary Police for easy on him as possible, and, to increase made for a man in Michigan, why are many years. He had been employed as a my chances for an answer, I made up a they so prevalent in Toledo? Tillman branch manager for a publishing com­ questionnaire, and along with a SASE answered that question for me by saying pany and later was employed at a sent my letter to him. I really couldn' t that when casting something as intricate Chevrolet dealership. believe it, within a week I had an and sma11 as a hammer head, due to Besides M-WTCA, he was active in answer. breakage and theft, they probably cast many organizations, including the Cripe says that Unicast did cast the close to double the order. AMEN ... Saginaw Historical Society. He was a hammers for him in 1955 and 1956 and member of Ames United Methodist that there were 10,000 heads cast. As to Church. He and his wife, Pauline, had a patent, he said he never did receive a been married 57 years. Besides his wife, patent but was issued a letter from the Member News he is survived by a son, Rodney, two patent office giving him permission to granddaughters and one great-grand­ use Patent Pending. I asked where he got daughter. the idea for the hammer and he said Rigler wins award Funeral services were held in while pulling nails out of hides; the Bill Rigler won Best of Show for Saginaw with burial in Jackson, MI. typical hammer ruined the hides. He also one of his shaker baskets at the Tennes­ Memorials were suggested to Ames said he sold all the heads and that most see Crafts Fair in Nashville, TN. United Methodist Church Youth Depart­ were wholesaled out. He feels the Fendts The winning basket is made of ment or a charity of the donor's choice. probably received the last 1,000 there brown ash with a lid woven with a were. quadrifoil design. The twilled cathead Oscar Swanson Something either Trajano didn't basket is finished off with a cherry By Al Renier realize or simply forgot, Cripe said Fred handle. Oscar Linn Swanson, who died Sept. Fendt was executive vice president of the Guest juror Joan Farrell, owner of 10, was a big man with tremendous hammer company. The two paper labels, the Washington, D.C., Craft Galleries, strength of character and an unending one shown on Roy Bradley's hammer, Appalachian and the Farrell Collection, sense of humor. To know him was to and the other on Jacob Tothero's said she made her decision on quality, respect him and when he smiled - as he hammer, were the only two labels used. freedom of form and the highest fulfill­ often did - his whole person smiled. The long label and Bradley's was only ment of concept and technical skill. He had a significant sense of history. used for a short time, and then the Rigler received an award of $500 When the railroad abandoned its line company switched to the diamond­ and then sold the basket for $200 - through Bird Island, MN, bumper shaped one. earning a little change to buy tools, stickers were seen throughout the state I believe Cripe's prime business was perhaps. asking the question "Where the heck is tool and die and this hammerM-WTCA.ORG thing was Rigler became interested in basketry Bird Island?" Oscar knew. He had probably an extracurricular activity. not so many years ago and has graduated obtained the entire railroad station, Cripe said he started his business in his from simple forms to the complex. He building, baggage carts, cobblestone basement, then went to a two-car garage bought a basket at one of the museums platform, ticket office and all and had and then to a 10,000-square-foot while at the Lansing meeting, because of reconstructed it on his farm near his building. He was in Who's Who of its intricacy. home. In it, he exhibited some of his America roster because he was only 25 Besides being the treasurer of M­ many tool collections. years old at the time and was doing WTCA, he is president of the Society of Oscar believed in giving back and several million dollars worth of business Preservation of Old Mills. He and his used his collections as educational tools a year. He sold all his stock and moved wife, Norma, bought and restored to display in nearby schools, the to California in 1969. Ledford Mill in Wartrace, TN, and Rennville County Fair - where he was So comes the end of a 14-year opened a tool museum in it. named 1994 Fair Person of the Year - search. I have to say I'm glad it is over, continued on next page but it does add credence to what can be

THE GrusTMILL • DECEMBER, 1994 • PAGE 12 Merle I. Webb Merle I. Webb, 80, died Oct. 17 Financials in Richmond, WA. He had lived in 12-31-93 Menomonee Falls, WI for 35 years. Income statement Five years ago, Webb's poor Ratio: Net revenue health forced him to move to Wash­ Income ington state. There, he lived with his Dues 28,586.00 only child, Diana Merle Webb Dues-Renewal 11,882.00 Deichelbohrer, and her husband, Paul. Dues-New 6,735.00 Dues-Foreign Membership 184.00 He served with the Army Life Dues 3,758.00 Engineers in the European Theater of Gristmill 2,682.14 World War II between 1942-1945. Auction 1,178.60 Spring Meet 2,225.48 After graduation from the Milwaukee Fall Meet 3,131.90 Oscar Swanson School of Engineering, he worked for Interest Income 1,744.86 many years as an electrical engineer Interest-Life Fund 1,008.43 Donations 3.00 Continued from previous page for Square D Co. in Milwaukee. Misc. Sales 47.33 Webb loved to craft hardwood Label Sales 322.69 and at all M-WTCA Area A tool meets furniture - and to look for antique Total Income 63,490.73 (see article on Area A Atwater meet in tools at estate sales and auctions. He July elsewhere in this issue). Expenses found a lathe and other large pieces of Auction 825.00 Oscar served humanity in numerous machinery for the Blacksmith Exhibit Area Elections 878.66 ways, and his interests were many and Depreciation 840.84 at Old World Wisconsin, a state varied - Osceola Township clerk, Taxes and Fees 21.00 historical site. He also wrote articles Legal & Professional 1,036.25 Rennville County Board of Adjustments, on old tools. Directory 7,251.20 manager - Buffalo Creek Watershed Scholarships 6,000.00 In Washington state, Webb District, director - Hector Elevator Mt. Vernon Project 770.64 promoted tool collecting. He felt a Gristmill-Editor 2,849.25 Board, Rennville County Historical responsibility to pass on his extensive Gristmill 14,215.62 Society, council - First Lutheran Church Ann Henley-Gristmill 899.93 knowledge to younger collectors. of Hector, M-WTCA, EIAA, Guild of Membership 1,205.59 He was a member of M-WTCA, Supplies 225.45 Metal Smiths, Missouri Valley Wrench Early American Industries Associa­ Spring Meet 94 Lansing 2,000.00 Club and the Rennville County Geneal­ Spring Meet 95 700.00 tion and the Pacific Northwest Tool ogy Society. Fall Meet 95 2000.00 Collectors. He also belonged to the Spring Meet Indianapolis 1,072.76 Oscar was born Feb. 7, 1921, at Bird Tri-Cities Traditional Jazz Society. Fall Meet 93 St. Louis 0.00 Island, MN and Ii ved most of his life in Insurance 512.00 His wife, Charlotte "Dorothy," that part of the state. He married Lucille Special Publications 9,53 I. 13 died in 1988. Besides his daughter and Administration 12,536.16 Peterson on Feb. 12, 1949. They have son-in-law, he is survived by a Treasurer 9,797.70 five children. Bank Charges 17 .50 brother, sister and niece. Merle and Farming was his life and even after Life Member 10.63 Dorothy Webb's final resting place is Telephone 55.05 retirement in 1982, you could often find Sunset Memorial Gardens Mauso­ Area Subsidies 1,407.66 him helping his son Steve in the fields. Total Expenses 77,632.06 leum, Richland, WA. He was never happier than when Net Income 14,141.33 - working with his hands. The true nature of the man was probably best described by his son-in-law, Karl Cambronne,M-WTCA.ORG at tleeting News Oscar's funeral, when he said," Using his open forge, hammer and anvil he Heat Meet generates big turnout in Florida molded red-hot steel into little horeshoes By Phil Baker Art Peters showed how to make 18th before perhaps thousands of children and More than 250 people showed up for century chairs. would say, 'I can make a horseshoe fast the Heat Meet in Florida July 30. The show generated increased enough to keep a child's attention and Members of the general public whos attendance at the Waterhouse residence small enough to fit into a child's aw newspaper and television coverage and Shop museums. Dona- pocket.'" during the week stopped by the Maitland tions collected at the show will go It's a simple fact. Oscar earned a Civic Center with lots of their grandpar- toward the Carpentry Shop restoration. lasting place in the hearts and minds of ents' tools to dispose of, and M-WTCA The Maitland Historical Society has everyone who was privileged to know members gladly assisted them. asked the group to return next summer, and learn from him. He will be missed. Ted Crom demonstrated wood which it plans to do. turning on his 1800s treadle lathe, and

THE GRISTMILL• D ECEMBER, 1994 • PAGE 13 The )lodern Tool Collectible This unique-looking tool was a linoleum cutter

By Lars Larson background now at hand, it should be a tool collectors join in by writing an Each year, I receive hundreds of welcome addition to your collection. article and showing the more modern or requests for patent copies on a large I have asked the editor of The unusual tools in their collection. variety of tools and tool-related items. Gristmill to open a new field of interest If you need patent assistance, I One tool keeps cropping up time after in tools that I call The Modern Col­ would be glad to help out. Just write me, time. Although it has a patent date in the lectibles - let us say after the year 1915, sending me anything you have, and we casting on the tool, the interest seems to as this seems to be the date at which will go from there. Send to: Lars Larson, be in what kind of blade it used. Well, most research books stop. I will from 18028 Reed, Melvindale, MI 48122. here is the answer to this as shown in the time to time write an article for this page, Illustrations are from an Armstrong picture on this page. Yes, it is a linoleum but I would also like to have some other book used at its training school. knife. I am not showing a patent drawing simply because the plane-like tool was never patented. The date cast into the tool is for a trademark patent by the Armstrong Cork Company. Armstrong Laying School, a division of the Armstrong Cork Com­ pany, held classes on the use of this and many other tools of the flooring trade. The school was founded in 1924 and remained open until the 1950s in Lancaster, PA. Should we consider this a collector's piece? I would say sure, and with the

HANDLE

PULLING ROPE M-WTCA.ORG

LINOLEUM KNIFE SIDE THUMBSCREW OVERLAP

UNDERLAP SLOT FOR KNIFE BLADE GUIDE FLANGE

THE GRISTMILL • DECEMBER, 1994 • PAGE 14 Area N sends wrought iron anchor chain to Mount Vernon

By E. J. "Al" Renier More than 17,000 individually forged wrought iron nails, in sizes ranging from 12d to 30d to 6-inch spikes, are needed for the planned restoration of the unique 16-sided treading barn and associated stables and corn houses that were built under George Washington's direction at Mount Vernon between 1792 and 1794. Wrought iron of the period, sometimes referred to as Swedish iron, is needed for their production. Not only is the wrought iron more resistant to rusting, but it works well in a forge. Knowing of this need, the members of M-WTCA Area N - at their April tool meet held in Bakersville, FL - voted to pool their resources and purchase a locally­ available huge wrought iron anchor chain and make arrangements for its delivery to Mount Vernon. Harriot Baker said she wishes she had a videotape of husband Phil trying to load it up for delivery to the nailing forge at the George Washington Pioneer Farm Site. The wrought iron anchor chain donated by M-WTCA Area N finds a home at The M-WTCA Mount Vernon the Mount Vernon nailing forge. Committee wants to thank the Photo courtesy of Mount Vernon Ladies Association members of Area N for contributing to this project and encourages any member who is interested in learning more about producing wroughtM-WTCA.ORG iron nails or participating in their produc­ tion to contact: Dennis J. Pogue, Mount Vernon project needs planes Director of Restoration, Mount Vernon Ladies Association, Mount Vernon, VA 22121. Full-size profiles of the mouldings needed for the Mount Vernon restoration project appear on the next two pages. If you have planes that match the profiles, please consider donating them to the M­ WTCA Mount Vernon project.

THE GRJSTMILL • D ECEMB ER, 1994 • PAGE 15 j , • 1, 1 ./~ Q: ~ I / I f..v ~ -0 --1 OJ 1 & _c cf=£ ~ J JO -¥ ~ J} u -fc ~~ ~ ~ 3 '> ~ -~ 0 ~ .~ .::S ~ ~ I/,. V 3 \ , -~ p , ,, .. , ~g ~ ~ 1\{) t, ~ _!J "1 f ~ Q, ~ 3 v I~ 11~ ~ ()., ~ Q; (!) ' ~ ~II - J ~~ V ~ ~ \) M-WTCA.ORG -fe I N -i ~~~ ro 13_ ,, Q_, ~ _/!:_ ([) ~ ~ I ~~ E - u() 1

THE GRJSTMILL • D ECEMBER, 1994 • PAGE 16 THE GRJSTMILL • DECEMBER, 1994 • PAGE 17 My Favorite Tool The Stanley No. 1 Plane

By Bob Hunter For the past 15 years, I have scurried from garage sale to garage sale, rising before daylight to be first in line to view their "large assortment of tools," often to find numerous bent and twisted screw­ drivers, old putty knives and lumps of rust, said to have belonged to the owner's great-grandfather. Often, I've been informed that the neighbor bought "all the good stuff' the night before or "we gave the good tools to our" son, grandson, uncle, cousin, or someone else. Undaunted though, I still persist and have done antique shops from Florida to California, always searching for that super elusive find that we all know is out Stanley No. 1 Plane there somewhere. Lest I sound altogether ungrateful for the good fortune that I have had, let observed my instandnterest and said, gems that surfaced on a regular basis. me say that nearly everything that a heart "I'll have to get $6 for that one." Being new in town, we thought we could desire has turned up at a bargain Needless to say, my eyes lit up like a should meet the competition and have price - if you don't count all the tanks pinball machine on "TILT" as I quickly them over for dinner after a morning of full of gas, the admission to antique counted out the money and headed for picking at the Nashville flea market. The shows and flea markets, parking, etc. home. gurus of middle Tennessee at that time There has, over all these years, Now, I know there are many scarcer were the Pilkingtons of Waverly, the however, remained one elusive tool - the and more valuable tools than this, but the Stones of Murfreesboro and the diminutive· Stanley No. 1 plane. I have thrill of the search is certainly what woods of Hum bolt. It was like owned many of them (and still do), but drives many collectors, including me. following Bill Holden, Harlow Sternberg the problem is I have never "found" one. This is without a doubt my favorite and Jim Byrnes around in Chicago. In Then one morning in May (Friday the tool, because it is still very desirable and other words, the dealers held the good 13th), my wife, Ruth, set the alarm for most of all I found it! This article stuff for them. 5:30 and insisted we show up early for a deserves a footnote: My wife is now We met early and went our separate garage sale with "Lots of Tools." I was forgiven for all the dry runs, wrong turns ways. We started running into each thrilled to arrive before daylight and and canceled sales and is now back in other, and I was told that there was a tool before breakfast only to find one 4-ounce my good graces. over in the sheds that fit my collection. ball-peen hammer. Big deal! After hearing this three times, I was The owner must have read my beginning to wonder what it was, how complete disgust because heM-WTCA.ORG said, "Oh, Sandusky # 140 Rose­ much it cost, and whether or not I was the tools are in the building around back, getting initiated. but my son took all the good ones." I wood Self-Regulating Finally, we found the tool. A thought to myself, there has to be a better Sandusky Self-Regulating Rosewood way to find tools than this. However, I Plow Plow, but the dealer was out and would trudged around the house for a look. As I be back shortly. Panic! Did I have opened the door, I noticed that every­ By Bill Rigler enough money? How could I say no? thing had been taken off the pegboard During my years of tool collectors, I After I stewed for 20 minutes, the dealer and thrown on the floor. The usual have found that those tools that mean a showed up. "How much?" I asked. He assortment - assorted screwdrivers, putty lot usually involve other people in the said, "It it ain't worth a $100, it's a going knives, cheap foreign tools and an old story. home." Kennedy toolbox with the lid open and, In 1978, we were transferred from "Sold," I said. wonder of wonders, a little Stanley No. 1 Chicago to Nashville. The Nashville flea continued on next page plane lying right on top. The owner market was well-known for the tool

THE GRISTMILL • DECEMBER, 1994 • PAGE 18 Tool continued from previous page This tool will always reflect our introduction to southern friendship and hospitality. Each time I see this plane I think of the three friends who made my temporary ownership possible.

....._

"<.,~~~

Sandusky #140 Rosewood Self-Regulating Plow Jack Klein of South Haven, Ml displayed a rosewood turning saw, which won the Display award at Atwater, MN.

AdvertisedM-WTCA.ORG features of the Sandusky iron planes By I van Risley • The adjusting mechanism is gained international reknown in Here's a bit of information on positive. Sandusky wood planes during the last Sandusky iron planes from an • The adjustment of a Sandusky 60 years. advertisement, though the date is plane is simple. • The body of the Sandusky uncertain. • The entire plane can be taken apart plane is made of a special alloy of • There are only 17 parts in a in an instant with the single retaining semi-steel, consisting of 85 percent Sandusky plane, as contrasted with nut. gray iron, 10 percent steel and 5 33 in the older types. At the same • The Sandusky plane is properly percent Mayari iron. This produces a time, every necessary adjustment balanced. very tough, close-grained metal, feature is retained. • The adjustment is absolutely rigid. similar to that used in the cylinder • The adjusting mechanism of the • The Sandusky plane contains the block of high-grade automobile Sandusky plane is made entirely of same type of heavy, wedge-shaped, non­ engines. steel. chattering cutter ( or plane iron) that has

THE GRISTMILL• DECEMBER, 1994 • PAGE 19 Auxiliary Pages

All material for The Women's Auxiliary Women's Auxiliary Officers Pages should be sent to THE GRISTMILL President Barbara Slasinski editor: Vice-President Lynn Callis Mary Lou Stover Secretary Marylin Gorham S76 Wl9954 Prospect Drive Treasurer Sally Marsh Muskego, WI 53150

Bits from Barb

Spouses of M-WTCA membes and women members of M-WTCA are automatically members of the Auxiliary. An objective of the Auxiliary is to preserve the American heritage of arts and crafts and to further the appreciation and education of these skills as an Auxiliary. Another objective is to Barb Stall's display of Fostoria glass won Best Pattern Glass award at Lansing. provide interesting programs for Photo by Mel Ring the Auxiliary members. I would like to extend to each of you an invitation to attend our The story behind Fostoria glass functions and share our friendship, By Barb Stoll And pretty glass all in a row. experiences and laughter. Each of The Fostoria Company began My own collection began with a us has attended a meeting at which production in 1887, at the time making piece I purchased merely because it was we were the first-timer. Take the primarily oil lamps. In the teens, the useful and it was pretty. But it only takes time to attend a talk or demonstra- company started producing quality the purchase of a second piece to turn it 6on and we will be ther to greet tableware, eventually becoming the into a collection, or at least the nucleus you. Our luncheon is always an largest maker of fine glassware for home of one. enjoyable event with a good meal, use. The company ceased production At the time, no one seemed to know an interesting speaker andM-WTCA.ORG even altogether in 1986. who made it or what the pattern was, not door prizes. When colored glassware became the even at Depression Glass shows. I really If you have a suggestion for a rage in the late '20s and throughout the didn't care because it was obviously program or if you would like to '30s, Fostoria began making the beauti­ quality glass and was lovely, so I present a talk or demonstration, ful colors of the time, and the "June" continued to buy it when and where I please contact me. Happy winter pattern was among them. It was pro­ found it if the price was right. (Unfortu­ and a peaceful New Year. duced from 1928 through 1944, although nately, I didn't have my crystal ball with it continued to be made in crystal until me because I should have purchased it at 1952. any price.) Mary, Mary, quite contrary I did, eventually, manage to identify How do collections grow? it, but when the first book on Fostoria With antique shows was published with my beautiful "June" And garage sale buys continued on next page

THE GRIST MILL• D ECEMBER, 1994 • PAGE 20 Auxiliary Pages

Eila Arnold's future heirlooms

By Eila Arnold This is one of the two place settings of china that I hand-painted after I retired several years ago. At a near-by shopping center, a very capable and patient instructor started a class in china painting, and I became a very enthusias­ tic china painter. But it turned out to be a short-lived adventure because the instructor left to take a better paying job (no replacement), and I was left with lots of supplies-, brushes, unpainted china "blanks," paint thinner and cleaner. Because I had no kiln to fire my handiwork, there was no way that I could continue on my own, so I investigated and discovered other instructors who were able to help me finish most of the Eila Arnold's hand-painted china won Judges Choice award at Lansing. other things that I had on hand. One of Photo by Mike Slasinski these ladies was a retired art teacher, who had worked for a very large china company in her early years. It was interesting to hear her stories about the thoughts that I might someday use them in supplies and then lessons. popularity of hand-painted china pieces. on our table. When Caroline Scott Harrison took My relatives and very kind friends In the early 1870s up until about her place as First Lady in the White graciously accepted all sorts of hand­ 1914, china painting was pronounced "a House in 1889, she persuaded her well­ painted jewelry, vases, small plates and decided art industry." Large cities had a known china-painting teacher to move to trays from their "would-be-artist" friend. great many teachers of china painting Washington, and she continued her I kept my place settings with the and thousands of ladies invested money lessons. With his help, she designed a new White House china patter, based on the Lincoln china. There were many groups and clubs Fostoria who studied seriously and exhibited their from previous page M-WTCA.ORGworks. And then by 1920, much of the creativity in china painting that marked gracing the cover, prices began to assortment of this beautiful glass, which the years immediately after 1895 was skyrocket and haven't stopped yet, with was shown on a tablecloth to match, turned toward other media. the rarer pieces being sold in the high designed and embroidered by our I think that I was particularly hundreds. daughter in honor of our 25th wedding attracted to this hobby because I had Needless to say, this did dampen my anniversary a number of years ago. inherited a very beautiful large punch ardor to a great extent although I still Fabulous Fostoria from the past is bowl, hand-painted and trimmed in gold. continue to occasionally find a nice piece now being preserved for the future in a This had been a wedding present to my at a reasonable price. lovely garden of colors in "June." parents. At this point, I would like to extend References: Traces of Indiana and my thanks to Loretta Ring for setting up Midwestern History, Winter 1994. A my display at Lansing in my absence. publication of the Indiana Historical I hope everyone enjoyed seeing an Society.

THE GRISTMILL• DECEMBER, 1994 • PAGE 21 Auxiliary Pages

Seeking the Watkins man

By Helen Watkins Yes, the Watkins man is still out peddling his products, but, in tune with the times, perhaps more of the peddlers are women and they may be set up at a flea market, selling at a home demonstration party, or making contacts on the job instead of going throughout neighborhoods in a buggy or Model T. More than 50,000 representatives of the company are actively selling some 350 products and 90 percent of the production and packaging is done at the The Most Educational award went to Helen Watkins for her display at Lansing. J.R. Watkins Co. headquarters in Photo by Mel Ring Winona, MN. No, we are not related! At times, we successfully by a doctor from his pleasant for both man and beast­ have had a hard time convincing people boyhood home in Ohio. Camphor, red sometimes the same product was that, even though we share the name, we hot peppers and oil of were some recommended for both. Spices and do not sell the products. I remember one of the ingredients mixed in an alcohol extracts were popular additions in the man painfully limping to the door base. As he toured the rural homes, J .R. early 1890s, and the visits of the Watkins carrying an empty bottle, wanting to saw the needs of the homesteaders and man added spice to the lives of the duplicate the magic ingredients that had added salves and home remedies to his homesteaders. erased his pain. product line. One of his early selling J.R., his wife and daughter were able When it became my turn to present a ideas caught on fast-a "satisfaction to enjoy the wealth that came as the program at my local antiquarian study guaranteed" trial mark was molded into business grew, including travel and club, my husband, Bill, helped me add to the top of the bottles and he promised a lavish homes. But J.R. did not live to see our collection of Watkins memorabilia, full refund if the buyer was not satisfied the completion of the magnificent and we visited the headquarters to gather after using the product down to that building in 1911 and the beginning of a historical information. It was the mark. This is still a popular sales full block of company buildings. His company's 125th anniversary, so good gimmick and used on vanilla and son-in-law and nephew assumed information was available.M-WTCA.ORG liniment bottles, the two best selling leadership, but knowing they did not get The offices in Winona are housed in products through the years. along, agreed to take six-month turns at the beautiful administration building By 1885, the business had expanded the top. This left them free to pursue planned by J.R. in the early 1900s and and was moved to the river town of their hobbies of big game hunting in worth a visit. A company museum and Winona, which was thriving from both Africa and Asia or collecting marble and store housed in a former factory building the river traffic and the railroad lines art in Europe to furnish their opulent proved interesting, and a downtown bank opening up in all directions. By then, homes, while making token efforts at houses family treasures. The family perhaps a dozen men were peddling the checking the expansion of the business homes are still there, too. products by buggy, and expansion in foreign lands. The J .R. Watkins Medical Co. began brought both buildings and workers-the The product line was expanded in 1868 in southeastern Minnesota when first worker was a 14-year-old boy who greatly, and the changes in women's J.R. made and peddled by buggy a stayed 60 years. By 1888, the "Watkins lives included the addition of beauty and homemade liniment, using a recipe used Line" included items to make life more continued on next page

THE GRISTMILL • DECEMBER, 1994 • PAGE 22 Watkins from previous page personal care products. In 1928, the company received recognition at the Paris International Exposition by winning gold medals for vanilla, BOBKAUNE cinnamon and pepper. The automobile was gradually replacing the buggy, specializing in but the personal contacts with rural American families was their key to ~-t:an'1.~ GiiJ' Iool.~ success. Their "Depression proof' line of goods brought them through the lean years, and their family-owned bank in Winona was so stable people buy and sell transferred their money there when other banks failed. ANTIQUE & USED TOOLS for World War II brought many changes to the company-90 percent of COLLECTORS & WOOD WORKERS © the production went to fill government contracts, and no longer were men Quality selection of scarce, older and available to be peddlers. After the war, women found they could easily complete, working handtools for collectors combine home sales jobs with their home duties. Studies showed there and woodworkers. Illustrated lists published was an emerging market in the cities and suburbs, and central warehouses 5 times a year. ~- were established to help in fast marketing. Changes in management were SUBSCRIPTION>$12.00/5 Lists both good and bad, and in spite of massive advertising campaigns, the CURRENT LIST> 3.50 company no longer was at the top. By 1964, the family was no longer in control.

The company was revitalized when Irwin Jacobs, a Minnesota 511 W. llth•Dept.GM•Pt. Angeles, WA. 98362 financier, rescued it from near bankruptcy. It continues to thrive, and (206) 452-2292 expansion to foreign markets has begun again. Jacobs hopes to eventually return ownership of the company to the employees and public through stock offerings-we hope we can buy some for our grandchildren! We have faith in this company, and have enjoyed studying this Minnesota business and sharing our memorabilia with those of you who attended the Lansing meeting. Keep buying that liniment-it will cure all your aches and pains!

THE "ORIGINAL" RABBIT PLANE •Brass with wood edge & metal blade AT LAST! •Smallest size predrilled for installation on a necklace or charm. Proper replacement pointers for •special orders accepted on gold or silver pieces. all types of .Dam inclinometer levels!

CQST Small ...... $10.00

Small • large Large ...... $10.00 (Actual Size) Postage Paid Please specify size(s) needed! George Carevich 17613 Brinson• Riverview,M-WTCA.ORG Ml 48192 (313) 283-7597

Brass ...... $20 each, set of 3, $55.00 Paul Hamler 2632 Club Dr., Snellville, GA 30278 404-972-2727

THE GRISTMILL • DECEMBER, 1994 • PAGE 23 Puzzled

By Hunter Pilkinton Received answers to the September, 1994 puzzles from Henry (Hank) Allen, Glen Rock, NJ; w'1,P.IJA/"IPL~ ; Ste~w Raymond Dillon, Chero­ rH,e~A.D kee, NC; Bob Rowell, Waterloo, Ontario, and K.M. Strunk, Burlington, WI, and a nice phone call from Duncan Robey, Clemson, SC. September solutions interesting. With your indulgence, I'll Puzzle 1: Take away 1 from 29 and have run one occasionally as a semi-whatsit. 30 left. Use Roman numerals and write See if you can identify this one. It is a Address replies direct to: 29 as XXIX, remove the 1 and have 30 practical tool, but quite specialized. I'll Hunter Pilkinton (XXX). One answer I received suggested explain its use in the next issue of THE Route 1, Box 180 taking away a degree of heat from an GRISTMILL. Waverly, TN 37185 object at -29° and then the object would Phone (615) 296-3218 be at -30°. Shows people are thinking. Of course, this deals with minus numbers. · Puzzle 2: To find the total weight of ------,1nmmt■ cargo on a barge (which carries 50 tons full load of coal or 15 tons of cork) on By Milan Ramsey most likely franchised by one or the one trip when it carried a load of both Thanks to Frank Kosmerl of other. Thanks to Howard Meyer, Cliff cork and coal. The coal weighed 5 times Rochester, N.Y., the identity ofltem R Fales and Henry Allen. This saw handle as much as the cork. What was the seems to be solved, inasmuch as the was "improved" by Wm. Clemson's weight of the cork and the coal on this outline resembles a boot piece for the toe patent# 145,628 at Middleton, NY on trip? and up the front. You see, Frank also Feb. 11, 1873 and Dec. 16, 1873. 1 ton cork= 1/15 full load X = cork struck out trying to locate a patent listing In The Gristmill of September, weight in spite of the fact that 1992, Laurent Adamowics 1 ton coal= 1/50 full load Y = coal one is indicated on the asked about the use like the weight product. So, Frank took one in the sketched illustra­ X/15 + Y/50 = 1 (full load) a long shot and looked in tion. It seems about time to Y=5X the Rochester city offer an answer from Elliott Substitute and solve: X = 6T (cork) directory for the year Sayward. Y = 30T (coal) 1866 and found the Used for tapping a Total load = 36T sought-after Joshua Fox, wine barrel, the tool is a an accomplished boot cooper's "cock auger," Now, for this issue's puzzles: pattern manufacturer. I probably 17th or 18th Puzzle 1: A man, Ii ving in Dunham, had thank you, Max century. Its function was to an appointment in a neighboring village. Stebelton thanks you make a hole in the barrel He left by bicycle at noon, after figuring and, most of all, Jean head into which a cock or tap that if he rode at 15mph, heM-WTCA.ORG would arrive Stebelton thanks you for was fitted. The concavity at 1 hour early, but at 10 mph, he would restoring a peacefull atmosphere to their the top is said to have permitted the user arrive 1 hour late. How far between the household. to increase downward force by pressing villages, and at what speed did he ride to We received several letters in with his . It is also suggested that arrive exactly on time? response to Tim Bonnelli's saw with the the tool automatically closed the hole unusual top and bottom handles. Both when the cut was completed until a tap Puzzle 2: Draw the triangle shown in the Atkins and Disston list this saw in their could be inserted. See Arnold & Walker, sketch without lifting the pencil, crossing 1918-19 catalogs as Handy Catalogs 1 & 3, 1974 and 1975. a line or retracing a line. This on can be for general and household use. Still done as stated, no tricks in the wording another listing indicated that it had Item U Here is a picture of a complete exceptional qualities for cutting firewood smoker's pipe cleaner. Only the main I read a lot of new (and old) catalogs and on a sawbuck. The identical wording and body of the unit was presented for find some of the novelty tools very price of $16 per dozen hints that it was continued on next page

THE GRJSTMILL • DECEMBER, 1994 • PAGE 24 Whatsit~ continued from previous page identification at the Lansing Whatsit session. There is a whole assortment of , brushes, scrapers and rods to poke around with. These kits are on the market today at your near bankrupt but Item V still friendly tobacco dealer.

Item V Here is a unique little tool. The work end of the tool is 4 1/2 inches to the handle. The blade is less than 1/8 Item U inch thick and is blunt on the edges with prone to become disengaged errantly no indication of having been sharpened without them. And there are still traces for use as a or gouge. There is a of black paint on it. Quarter-tum links, ltemW slight offest in the handle so that there is devices and hooks were quite common a straight clearance from the bottom of for making a hitch for horse-powered the curved blade. The two curved faces implements, but the wear marks would are both in a true arc. I would assume it's have been more severely extended. We a smoothing tool of sorts, but for what? don't know if it was a single piece item or part of another assembly. Item W Here is another interesting "hooker" I recently found. There is a Item X Here is another flea market find Item X small amount of wear on the inside of of the knife/chisel variety, and all of the Any input on any of these items or an the end curvatures, which discounts it edges seem to have been used for some unusual tool to inquire about? Get in being part of a scale arrangement. The sort of cutting activity. touch with O.M. Ramsey, 2038 return tips at each end suggest that it was Rd., Fort Wayne, IN 46816.

ADVANCE AUCTION NOTICE OVER 500 LOTS OF FINE TOOLS TO BE SOLD SATURDAY APRIL 8, 1995 HOLIDAY INN MACOMB, ILL. Dealer sale and auction pre-view April 7, 1995 These events precede the Macomb M-WTCA meeting April 9, 1995. Outstanding selection of rare tools to include; Stanley planes Nos. 1, 2, 10, 37, 43, 55, 62, 70, 82, 98, 99, 101, 105, 143, as well as many other Stanley planes and tools, some in original boxes as well as 4 Square and Defiance tools, vices, tool handles, rules, squares, , levels, hammers and original catalogs. Metal planes and tools by Sargent, Millers Falls, Keen Kutter, Winchester. Levels by Stanley, Davis, Millers Falls, Straton Bros. Over 50 lots of rare and unusual wrenches, wooden planes including 18th century, plows, molders, shipbuilders, unusual hammers both patented and hand made. Prime American and English braces in wood and metal, L. Bailey Victor and Defiance planes. This Auction will have something for every tool collecting specialty, and we will accept selected consignments until January 1, 1995. Illustrated Catalog available early March 1995 for $12.00, includes prices realized. ThisM-WTCA.ORG Auction will have NO BUYERS PREMIUM and NO-FEE ABSENTEE BIDDING is available (other than credit card fee) and is encouraged for those who can not attend in person. ~\,.-\P Wl--flh AHTIOV! l USl!O <$>)- Bob Green Auctioneer Don Rosebrook, 1<' Philip Whitby 38352 Henry Road •TOOLS• 2722 W. Union Ave. Prairieville, LA 70769 Englewood Colo. 80110 504-673-4049 303-795-5650 Fax 504-673-6427 Fax 303-795-1625

THE GRISTMILL• D ECEMBER, 1994 • PAGE 25 Handsaw Makers of the United Kingdom (A Supplement) By Erv Schaffer This is a supplement to Kenneth D.Roberts' sawmakers and dealers listi ng in "Some 19th Century English Woodworking Tools."

MAKER NAME LOCATION DATES REFS From To Ames, Roland London 1837 1842 GR Arnold,John London 1823 1846 GR Atkin , Aaron Birmingham 1829 1847 GR Aublet, Harry & Co Birmingham 1909 GR Barber & Genn Sheffield 1787 SD Barnard, Thomas Birmingham 1777 1797 GH Barnard & Perry Birmingham 1787 1811 GR Barton, Adam Bristol 1812 1870 GR Berry, George London 1831 1935 GR Stamped SYKES & CO., this 18th century rip handsaw (5 Biggin, S. (Scythes) Sheffield 1787 SD 1/2 p.t.i. and 25.5-inch-long blade) is also marked CAST• Blacktin,H Bradford 1853 1870 GR Bloor, Thomas Leicester 1908 GR STEEL. There are three lower connectors in the handle. Blyth, George London 1872 GR The lower two are flathead screws, flat splithead nuts Bond, W. James London 1845 1867 GR (brass). The upper one is a steel rivet peened to a steel Brain, William London 1798 1809 GR washer. The saw may be readily compared to those in Buck.Joseph London 1826 1909 GR Buck, Matthew London 1826 1833 GR "Explanation or Key to Various Manufactories of Butcher,W. Sheffield 1821 WP Sheffield" (Saws, Plate No. 591) by Joseph Smith (EAIA Butcher, Brown & Butcher Sheffield 1828 WP reprint). Butcher, William & Samuel Sheffield 1833 WP Cannadine London SAW Photo by Erv Schaffer Carr,George & Son Sheffield 1787 SD Keyte, William Richard Manchester 1873 1887 GR Carr, J. & Riley Sheffield 1833 1837 GR Landell, William Glasgow 1846 1931 GR Castle, Frederick Leeds 1845 1853 GR Little, T. London 1893 1911 GR Colley, Newbould & Co Sheffield 1787 SD Littlewood, John Sheffield -1883 1900- Copley, A. & Sons London -1935 GR Livingston, R. & Co Glasgow 1873 1903 GR Cutler and Co Sheffield -1823 1839- WP,KR Locker, William London -1872 1883 GR "Castle Hill Works" Loftus, Brightmore & Co Sheffield 1787 SD Dalaway, Robert or William Birmingham 1746 1809 GH Love, John Sheffield 1760 Drabble & Sanderson London c1850 SAW (Predecessor of Spear) Elliott, W. Derby 1864 GR Mainwaring, George London 1790 1802 C Ellsworth & Tomlinson Glasgow 1840 1844 GR Manners, Joseph Sheffield 1787 SD Ellsworth, John Glasgow 1845 1886 GR Marshes & Sheperd Sheffield -1824 1848 GR Ellsworth, John & Sons Glasgow 1887 1894 GR Marsh Bros. Sheffield 1852 1970 GR Eyre, Abijah London 1861 1872 GR (James Marsh, Turner & Co) Origins in 18th C. Fisher, John Southampton 1851 1871 GR Millard Bros. London -1920 1935 GR Fitzackerly, E.G . Sunderland 1859 1890 GR Mitchell, Jos. & Co Sheffield 1787 1821- SD Fletcher, William London 1861 1863 GR Mitchell, John William London 1892 GR Furniss, Cutler, & Stacey Sheffield -1821 1841 WP,KR Mitchell, William Henry London 1861 GR "Weldon","Castle Hill Works" Mitchell, Henry London -1872 GR Gabriel & Sons London 1802 1810 GR Moorman, William (Late Powell) London 1790 1807 C Griffiths, Hannah Norwich 1844 1859 GR Moorman & Son London 1791 PE "Late I.R. Griffiths" Morey, William Horlick London 1840 GR Groves, Richard Sheffield 1787 SD Morris Liverpool c1780 GH Hallam, Thomas Manchester 1868 1874 GR Moses, Eadon & Sons Sheffield c1890 GR Harrison, John Sheffield 1787 1816 TE,SD (Successor to Wm Outram & Sons) Hasler, William LondonM-WTCA.ORG 1806 1840 GR Moulson Brothers Sheffield 1828 1833 WP Hibbert, S. & Son Sheffield 1902 1909 GR Newbould, Samuel & Co Sheffield 1787 1797 WP,TE Hill, E. Birmingham -1818 GR Newell, William Birmingham 1780 WP Hill, J.V. London 1834 1905 GR Otley, Henry Manchester 1884 1912 GR "Foreman for J.Howel" Otley, Harry Manchester 1895 1898 GR Hogg, James & John Sheffield 1833 1841 GR Outram, William & Son Sheffield 1860 1890 GR Hopkinson, Joseph (Sr) London 1833 GR Oxley, Frank London 1885 1911- GR Howden & Co Manchester 1868 1893 GR Peters, J. London c1770 GR (Samuel & Robert Howden) (Successor to Wm. Squire) Howel, Joseph London 1806 1840 GR Peters, T. London 1791 PE Ibbotson, Thomas & Co Sheffield 1833 GR Ponder, Stephan London 1823 GR Johnson, Christ R. Sheffield SAW Porter & Son London -1840 GR Kaye , George Rusby Leicester 1863 1894 GR Powell, Lewis London 1763 1790 C Kaye, T.S. & Sons Hull 1930 1970 GR Potts, Richard Barlow Liverpool 1859 1934 GR Kaye, William Nottingham 1869 1900 GR Preston, James London 1872 1874 GR Kaye , William & Son Nottingham -1904 1956 GR Richardson, J. London 1842 1872 GR Kenyon, Charles Henry Derby 1899 GR Richardson, William London 1861 1872- GR Kenyon, John & Co Sheffield 1787 1841 C,WP Richardson & Son London GR Kenyon, John & Co Norwich -1909 GR

THE GRISTMILL • D ECEMBER, 1994 • P AGE 26 (Successor to Porter & Son) Sitwell, William (FF mark} London 1662 HD Slack & Howden Liverpool 1844 GR Smith, Robert & Co Sheffield 1871 1883 GR Smith, William Birmingham 1718 1750 GH Snowden, Isaac London 1863 1872 GR Sorby, I. & H. Sheffield 1821 1841 WP THE WASHBURN COMPANY Spear Sheffield 1790 1820 GH Spear & Jackson Sheffield 1819 1976 GR CIIIGAGO(CASSADY-FAIRBANK) DIVISION Spurrier, Isaac & John Brain London 1809 GR CHICAGO, ILLINOIS Squire, William(?) London -1760 GR Staniforth, John Birmingham 1821 1828 GR Tool Chest Planes Straw, William London 1827 1837 GR Taylor, Joseph London -1831 1852 GR Tomlinson, William Glasgow 1845 1851 GR Turner, T. & Co Sheffield 1837 1932 GR Wade, Wingfield, & RobothamSheffield -1845 1849- GR Waldo, Robert Sheffield SAW Black Enameled Cast Iron Body Weldon, William Sheffield 1774 1787 TE Weldon & Furniss Sheffield -1814 1817- WP Steel Blade Ground Edge Wheatman, John Sheffield 1841 1845 (Foreman for A.Hoe & Co,USA, to 1840. Then to Sheffield} Width Length White, I. London 1740 1780 GH Xo. Blade Overall Steel Plate saws 227 1 ~ in. 8~ in. $36.00 Wilde, John Sheffield 1787 SD Weig-ht per gToss. 132 lbs. Willey, Frederick Leeds 1894 GR Willey, John Leeds 1872 GR One-half do1en in a box Wilson, Hawkesworth,Ellison &Co Sheffield -1856 1879 GR Wilson, Sidney Ipswich 1885 GR Woollett, Henry Brighton 1854 GR

REFERENCES CITED C Goodman, W.L. 1983 "Seaton Tool Chest of 1794" The Chronicle 36(3):60-61, EAIA, U.S.A. Tools Made in the Mid-West GR Goodman, W.L. & Rees, J. & M. 1993 "British Planemakers from 1700," 3rd Edition Astragal Press, Mendham, New Jersey, U.S.A. By Roger K. Smith WP---- Low angle iron block planes with squirrel tail rear 1976 "Winterthur Portfolio" Volume II handles quite often show up at flea markets, tool auctions, (Reprint of 1965 publication) etc. They are known in three or four different lengths. The Henry Francis DuPont Winterthur Museum New Jersey, U.S.A. top edge of the lever cap has characteristics of block planes KR Roberts, Kenneth D. manufactured by the union Plane Co. of New Britain, CT. 1980 "Some 19th Century English Woodworking Tools," However, I have never seen one of these planes with any Ch.II, App.I markings. Ken Roberts Publishing Co, Fitzwilliam, New Perhaps the mystery has been solved. Recently, we Hampshire, U.S.A. SAW Saw with name marked as indicated. acquired a catalog for The Washburn Company of Worces­ GH Gaynor, J.M. and Hagedorn, N.L. ter, MA, with factories in Chicago and Rockford, IL, and 1993 "Tools: Working Wood in Eighteenth-Century America" Niles, MI. The catalog is dated April 1926. Most of their Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, products were wire goods, i.e., hardware, kitchen equip­ Williamsburg,Virginia ment, utensils, etc. It is surprising the variety of items that Speakers at "Tool Symposium:Eighteenth-Century Wood­ working Tools" can be made from wire. They did manufacture a large line 1994 Colonial williamsburg,M-WTCA.ORG Williamsburg, Virginia(5/20/94): of screwdrivers under the brand name ANDROCK. HD Hey, David One page illustrates Tools for Boys Tool Chests. These PE Pollak, Emil were manufactured at the Cassady-Fairbanks factory in TE Tool Exhibit Chicago. It includes the Tool Chest Plane illustrated. The 1994 "Tools: Working Wood in 18th-Century America" at DeWitt Wallace Decorative Arts Gallery, Colonial description indicates they were only made in one size. At Williamsburg, Williamsburg, Virginia least we have some clue as to their manufacturer. SD Sheffield Directory 1787 If any member has additional information such as catalog descriptions or marked planes, we would like to be informed for an updated article.

THE GRISTMILL• DECEMBER, 1994 • PAGE 27 The Marketplace

~\...-\? Wl-f 1~ LIKE AN ~0 ANTIQUE & USED ~)- OLDTOOL T •TOOLS• THERE'S NO TOOL LIKE AN OLD TOOL TOOL VARIETY HAND FORGED PLA.'\'E COLLECTION

ANTIQUE KITCHEN TOOLS SAWS LOGGEf\~JWRERMAN LEATH ER WORKING TOOLS 2722 W. Union Avo. Englowood, Colorado 80110 IF YOU'RE INTO TOOLS, GET INTO 303-795-5650 NAME BRAND, 100% COTTON. ] TIGUE PLEASE INDICATE SIZE Sale Ca ta log Published USA MADE. LARGE & XL ...... $14.50 Several Times A Year BLACK PRINT ON WHITE. 001 ,vrc A D XXL ...... $15.50 FREE CATALOG. ____L_.W_ LIU\ __ow PLUS $3 .75 SIIIPPING ( 3 Issues for $10.00 \ MAIL CHECK OR MONEY ORDER TO: THE MATLIN GROUP, PO BOX 143, WICKATUNK, NJ 07765-0143 • 908-946-2113 f AX ( 303) 795- 1625

Would you pay $1,500 for this collector's plane? How about $142.50?

Planes valuable collectibles. vidual edition number. Each The original Stanley No. 212 plane is packaged in an attrac­ wood plane sold new for a tive, telescoping cardboard box dollar or two. Now, if you can with custom labels. find one, expect to pay about $1,500 or you can order our Lie­ Nielsen Special Edition replica The limited edition How to order. M-WTCA.ORGStanley 212 plane replica. for only $142.50. To order your individually Last summer we introduced a numbered, Stanley No. 212 limited edition Stanley No. 1

THE GRISTMILL • DECEMBER, 1994 • PAGE 28 The Marketplace WANTED FOR SALE Wanted: Catalog and book reprints issued by M­ For Sale: 1000 antique machinery-tool catalogs, WTCA or others prior to 1987. Send description operation manuals, books. List $3. Tons of mod­ and price to Steve Scruggs, 342 Sherman St., ern machines and parts, list $3. Harold Barker, Longmont, CO 80501. 3108 Klingler Rd., Ada OH 45810.

Wanted: Items marked "Pool, Easton, Mass." For Sale: 400 wrenches, tools and old catalogs. Levels, Protractors, Surveying Equipment, Ther­ Many pictured in Schulz book. Send $3 for list. mometers, Barometers, etc. Bob Vogel, 164 Ron Jensen, 1415 Highway A Rt 1, Edgerton, WI St. N. Easton, MA 02356 (508) 238- 53534. 7732. For Sale: Stanley #6 Engineer's Rule. Condition Wanted: Stanley Everlasting Chisels, fine to G+ to Fine. Harry Klaassen, 2127 Ridge mint condition, sets or singles. Also, Everlasting Rd., Stillwater, MN 55082. 612-439-6372. boxes with chisels or without. Contact: Wayne Steffen, 11903 Bryden Pl., Fishers, IN 46038 For Sale: Large collection of quality tools. Planes: (317) 577-5895. Plow, complex molders, crown, sash, rare mak­ ers. Goosewing axes, bowl , coopers tools, FOR SALE Wanted: Wood planes by J. Denison, J&L H/F tools, levels, braces, etc. Send $1 for list #22 Just out. Reprint of 1911 Denison, J.D. Denison and G.W. Denison. Ivan to: Cliff Yaun, 183 Nissen Lane, West Hurley, NY Lux, 443 W. Lexington, Minden NE 68959. (308) 12491. 914-679-9206. John S. Fray Co. catalog. 832-2495. Bit braces, breast & hand drills, & hollow handle sets. Wanted: Any issues of The Gristmill prior to No. 41 pages illustrated for 59 June 1990. Ken Turner, PO Box 23, Blackburn, $7. 00 postpaid. Victoria, Australia, 3130. G~r!~!~~ot~r!c~J!i~S _,. 1162 Grizzly Peak Blvd. Send check payable to Wanted: Collector buying paper items relating to Berkeley, CA 94708 ATTIC c/o John F. Delay, Woodmen of The World or Modern Woodmen of 510-848-3651 255 Colonial Road, Guilford, America. Postcards, Policies, Receipts, Etc. CT 06437. Contact Bob Greenwood, 26511 Pattow, Ml 48006. 1-800-773-7367. Janet K. Wells ATTIC: Antique Tools and John G. Wells Wanted: Special use or special issue saws by Trades In Connecticut, a Disston or others. I need , "Handy" Hand­ Featuring Stanley and Patented Planes. non profit group of 250 saw, Joiner, Movable and Turkish saws. Send a long SASE for our next tool list members. Also #0 Davis Backsaw, #0 T. Taylor, #1 C. Highest prices paid for quality tools. Bishop, #8 Half-back Bench saw, #9 Improved Backsaw, #5 Square Hole Nest of Saws, #5 and #1 O Plumbers Saw, #29 and #38 Combination, #70 Dovetail Saw, #76 "Centennial," #77 "Mechanic's Own," #80 Gabi net Saw, D-18 Floor­ ing Saw, D-24 Pruning Saw, D-115 Diamond Advertising Information Jubilee and 1940 Special. I wil consider any saw, saw wrest or catalog of notable rarity. Please ISSUE COPY DEADLINE state price and condition. Jack Butler, P.O. Box DISPLAY ADS - RA TES 1554, Rolla, MO 65401. March January 15 WORD June April 15 SIZE COST LIMIT Wanted: Miller's patent planes, cutters and parts. September July 15 Full page $160 900 Also early and unusual Stanley planes and parts. December October 15 Half page $ 90 450 Mel Miller, 115 Green Acres Way, Castle Rock, CLASSIFIED ADS - RATES Quarter page* $ 50 225 WA 98611. 206-274-4973. M-WTCA.ORG$.15 per word - ALL words. Other sizes$8 per column inch $3.00 minimum per ad. (1 column is approx. 2- 1/4" wide.) 25 word limit.

*NOTE: For layout purposes, all quarter page ads should now meet the following specifications: 2 columns (4-7/8") wide x 3-3/4" tall. This will now be called a "double column size ad." Photos - additional $8 each (Polaroids not acceptable). Typesetting and borders are not included in the page rates. Special artwork will be charged at cost. We must have a sketch or rough drawing indicating how you want your ad laid out. Camera-ready ads are accepted at no additional charge. For your protection and complete satisfaction, ALL ads should be typewritten and double-spaced. If this is not possible, please PRINT legibly. WANTED Payment must accompany ad. Make checks payable to M-WTCA. At this time, advertising will be accepted only from M-WTCA members in good standing. For information and membership application, Chisels and gouges made by contact Mel Ring at the above address or one of the officers whose address is shown on the inside front E.A. Berg of Eskilstuna, cover of this publication. Sweden. (Often marked by a SEND ALL ADS TO: Mel Ring, 35 Orchard Lane Huntington, IN 46750 shark) Mike Knudson, 422 (219) 356-7471 Garden Dr., Bismark, ND 58504

THE GRJSTMILL • DECEMBER, 1994 • PAGE 29 Backtalk

The illustrated use of the "candy curler"

I was greatly interested in the Harness Fly Shuttle" loom. Both Dan Whatsit appearing in the article on Reibel and I were able to identify this page 15 of the June issue of THE item as we had, and still have, the GRISTMILL, "This' 11 Curl your identical item at Old Economy Museum, Candy." Once again, a tool of the near Pittsburgh. Figure 1 handweaver has stumped the experts. Perhaps a little explanation of the The "Whatsits" column of the use of this "Whatsit would be of interest. June 1990 isue of The Chronicle This is a "quill-winder," a tool made in contained a picture of a small three­ Sweden for the hand-weaving trade. A legged stool with three wooden wheels brass gear driven by a handle turns a on page 50. This turned out to be a spindle through a reverse worm gear "cylinder filling machine for a arrangement. The spindle turns 18 times Newcomb Weaver's Delight Four to each turn of the handle. A small flywheel on the spindle helps to maintain speed. Figure 1. A weaver uses a "shuttle," here a boat shuttle, to carry the weft, or filling Figure 2 yarn or thread, back and forth across the warp threads. The yarn is wound on a tube which rotates within the shuttle as the yarn is drawn out. Figure 2. For centuries, the tube consisted of a portion of a quill from a feather, hence the name Figure 5 "quill winder." Today, the tube is often a strip of paper wound aroundthe spindle with the weft yarn wound on top. Figure 3. Figure 3 The spindle has a slight taper so that the quill can be easily slipped off when full. Figure 4. Sometimes, a bobbin is used instead of a quill. In this case, an adaptor is slipped over the spindle to provide a larger M-WTCA.ORGdiameter on the spindle. Figure 5. Figure 6 The bobbin can be slipped over the adaptor and quickly filled with thread or yarn as it rotates 18 times to Figure 4 one turn of the spindle. Figure 6. Larger spools can also be used if the hole in the spool is the right diameter. Some­ times a little strip of masking tape is needed as a shim if the hole is slightly larger. Figure 7. Figure 7 THE GRISTMILL • DECEMBER, 1994 • PAGE 30 The Mid-West Tool Collectors Association is a non-profit organization dedicated to the study, preservation and understanding of the early tools, implements and devices used by our ancestors in their homes, shops, on the farms and on the seas, and to a better perception of the industries and crafts in which these tools were used as well as the craftsmen who used them. Founded in 1968 by a small group of avid collectors, the organization has rapidly become international in scope with a membership of over three thousand who are scattered to all corners of the globe. Included are individuals from all walks of life as well as libraries, museums and other related institutions. MEMBERSHIP IN MID-WEST ENTITLES YOU TO: • Attend, with your spouse, the two annual national meetings as • All publications and reprints done by the Association. Over the well as numerous local or regional meetings which are planned years a wide and varied assortment of tool-related literature such as throughout the year. Featured at these meetings are tours and visits out of print tool and trade manuals, tool and hardware catalogs, etc. to appropriate museums, restorations and other sources of historical have been reprinted and distributed to the membership. impact as well as lectures, seminars, films and interesting demon­ strations of early crafts. Members are encouraged to display out­ Membership dues are $20.00 per year for USA, $28.00 for Canada standing tools from their collections and to bring items for sale and and $35.00 for Foreign members payable January 1 of each year. trade. Programs for the ladies are an integral part of these meet­ Applicants joining after the annual fall meeting will be considered paid ings. up members for the ensuing year. • A subscription to our magazine, THE GRISTMILL, a quarterly fea­ turing stories about and of interest to M-WTCA members as well as Please carefully complete this application in its entirety and re­ articles of educational importance written by and for tool collectors. turn it with your check or money order in the amount of $20.00 made payable to M-WTCA to: If you feel that your interests and objectives coincide with those of the Association, we would welcome you William Rigler as a member. RR 2, Box 152 Wartrace, TN 37183

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APPLICATION FOR MEMBERSHIP IN MID-WEST TOOL COLLECTORS ASSOCIATION PLEASE PRINT OR TYPE THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION

MEMBER'S NAME: (FIRST NAME) (LAST NAME) SPOUSE'S NAME: ______MAILING ADDRESS: ______

{CITY)

(STATE) (ZIP CODE) TELEPHONE NUMBER: (AREA CODE) (LOCAL NUMBER) WHAT TOOLS DO YOU COLLECT: ______Are you able, and if so,M-WTCA.ORG are you willing to give demonstrations or lecture on an early craft for either national or local meetings? Yes _____ No ______

Describe: ------­ Are you capable and agreeable to doing volunteer work for the association? Yes No Are you: A collector? Yes _____ No____ A dealer? Yes ____ No

Connected with a museum? Yes ____ No _____ Recommended by ______Return to: 10-93 William Rigler • RR 2, Box 152 • Wartrace, TN 37183 Backtalk

I have quit using the "boat­ type" shuttle just described. I have found that a slightly­ modified machine-type shuttle is easier to use, eliminates some of the problems with boat shuttles such as over-spinning of the quill, and speeds up the work. Figure 8. In this case, instead of using a quill, I use a "copp," also called g a "pirn," a wooden turning about 5/16 inch in diameter. A hole has Figure 8 Figure 9 been drilled down the center of the copp from the right-hand end regarding this Whatsit, they can contact forged. The blade is forged from two so that the copp can be slipped me by phone (412) 761-6881. sections. It is very well-made with a onto the spindle of the quill Stan Whiting handle. winder and the weft thread wound Pittsburgh, PA The chisel is about 11 inches long on, beginning at the right-hand with an iron collar within the iron end and working to the left. ferrule. It also has open work on the Figure 9. blade. I hope this clarifies the nature The four-square chisel David "Monty" Saylmon and use of the so-called "candy­ 1119 Watermill Road curling machine." Far from being Regarding the four-quare chisel, I Marganton, NC 81212 an antique, the quill winder is a have found only one other than the modern tool. I don't know when press variety shown in previous Backtalk they were first made, but I have articles. had mine about 40 years. If The blade is 7 /8 by 7/8 inches with anyone has any questions no maker's mark or name. All metal is

Backtalk is for your comments, THE CATALOG OF questions, requests for inform~tion or identification, and letters which provide answers to others seeking AMERICAN WOODEN PLANES information. For identification, a description, markings (if applicable) and a clear PUBLISHED QUARTERLY WITH: photograph or drawing should accompany the letter. We welcome your letters, and • RESEARCH - ARTICLES will print as many each issue as • PLANES FOR SALE space permits, on a first-come,M-WTCA.ORG first-served basis. Deadline for receipt of letters is tJ(\,.l IN FO~MA TIO ti January 15 for March issue, April • 15 for June issue, July 15 for September issue, and October 15 for December issue. Send letters & art to: Backtalk ~ THE GRISTMILL INQUIRE TO: Mary Lou Stover MICHAEL R. HUMPHREY S76 W19954 Prospect Dr. 46 WESTERN AVE Muskego, WI 53156 SHERBORN, MA -01 770 508-653-7181

THE GrusTMILL • DECEMBER, 1994 • PAGE 31 NON-PROFIT ORG. U.S. POSTAGE PAID COLUMBIA, MO PERMIT 126

MID-WEST TOOL COLLECTORS ASSOCIATION, INC. Ann Henley, 808 Fairway Drive Columbia, Missouri 65201

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