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Durham Research Online Durham Research Online Deposited in DRO: 20 June 2018 Version of attached le: Published Version Peer-review status of attached le: Not peer-reviewed Citation for published item: Carter, Spencer D. and Edwards, Terri and Errickson, Dave and Mead, Adam (2018) 'ICE AND FIRE - The Eston Hills Rescue Archaeology Project : a community project in Redcar Cleveland, North Yorkshire.', Project Report. TimeVista Archaeology, London. Further information on publisher's website: https://estonhillsproject.wordpress.com/publications/ Publisher's copyright statement: Additional information: Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. Durham University Library, Stockton Road, Durham DH1 3LY, United Kingdom Tel : +44 (0)191 334 3042 | Fax : +44 (0)191 334 2971 https://dro.dur.ac.uk ICE AND FIRE The Eston Hills Rescue Archaeology Project A Community Project in Redcar & Cleveland, North Yorkshire Spencer D. Carter, Terri Edwards, David Errickson and Adam Mead ICE AND FIRE The Eston Hills Rescue Archaeology Project A Community Project in Redcar & Cleveland, North Yorkshire Spencer D. Carter, Terri Edwards, David Errickson and Adam Mead 2018 Interim Report for Heritage Lottery North-East, Volunteers, Schools, Community Groups and Project Stakeholders © 2018 ICE AND FIRE Eston Hills Project and individual contributors unless otherwise credited. Published by TimeVista Archaeology, 85 Nutbourne Street, London, UK All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means, without permission from the publisher(s) and copyright holder(s). Typeset and design by TimeVista Archaeology. ISBN 978-1-5272-2274-8 Front cover image is © Evening Gazette, by kind permission. Project Contact Adam Mead | 15 Birchington Avenue, Middlesbrough, North Yorkshire, TS6 7HA Tel: 0793 3673946 | Email: [email protected] | [email protected] Project Website | estonhillsproject.wordpress.com/ | Project email: [email protected] Document Control Editors: Spencer Carter and Terri Edwards, Durham University Online Management: Spencer Carter, TimeVista Archaeology and Durham University Research Fellow Document ID: EHP17-HLF01 Report (PDF and MS Word document) Versions: V1 18-Mar-2018; V2 04-Apr-2018; V3 09-Apr-2018; V4 12-Apr-2018 minor edits Associated: EHP17-LC01 Lithics Catalogue (PDF and MS Excel spreadsheet including tables) Site Nomenclature The following protocols apply to this report and related supplements: Site code: EHP17 Test Pit Area / number: E.g. TP Area A1, A2, etc.; X for surface finds without context Context or Spit number: E.g. single digit (1) for Test Pit spits (all planned) or four digit (1001) for Trench excavation Small Find number: Ordinal sequence but not serial or Test Pit / Trench ordered Lithic Catalogue ID number: Ordinal sequence prefixed F=Flint/Chert; S=Stone; N=Natural Environmental Sample: Ordinal sequence for environmental soil samples and charcoal / carbonized material Dating Conventions | See timeline chart on page vii Dating nomenclature for British archaeological periods as defined by English Heritage and Historic England: Post-Medieval After 1540 cal AD BP | Before Present (AD 1950) Late Medieval 1066 – 1540 cal AD KYA | Thousands of Years Ago Early Medieval 410 – 1066 cal AD Roman 43 – 410 cal AD Cal BC / AD | Radiocarbon ages calibrated as 14 Iron Age cal BC 600 – 43 cal AD calendar years based on decay of C isotope Bronze Age 2500 – 600 cal BC against atmospheric content absorbed by: Neolithic 4000 – 2500 cal BC - Living flora Mesolithic c. 10,000 – 4000 cal BC - Collagen in bones and teeth Palaeolithic Until c. 10,000 cal BC - Mineral carbonates (and worm casts) - Measured at 95.4% 1σ probability Contents List of Figures ........................................................................................... ii List of Tables .............................................................................................. v List of Web Links (URLs) ......................................................................... vi Executive Summary ................................................................................ 1 Team Sponsors, Advisors and Acknowledgements .............................. 2 1 Introduction: The Eston Hills, Teesside ................................................ 5 2 Project Aims and Objectives .................................................................. 9 2.1 Archaeological aims and objectives .................................................... 9 2.2 Community aims and project dissemination........................................ 9 3 Project Methodology ............................................................................. 10 3.1 Geophysical surveying by AOC Archaeology Group ....................... 10 3.2Geophysical surveying results ............................................................ 12 3.3 Fieldwork results ............................................................................... 14 4 Project Outcomes for the First Season ................................................ 16 4.1 Excavation results .............................................................................. 16 4.2 Finds, big and small ........................................................................... 19 5 Community Engagement ...................................................................... 26 5.1 Cool schools ...................................................................................... 26 5.2 Videos................................................................................................ 26 5.3 Guided walks ..................................................................................... 27 5.4 Media ................................................................................................. 27 5.5 Next generation archaeologists .......................................................... 28 5.6 Award recognition ............................................................................. 28 5.7 Regional networking ......................................................................... 28 6 Interim Conclusions .............................................................................. 29 References, Further Reading, Teaching Resources and Regional Museums ................................................................................................ 30 References cited in the text...................................................................... 30 Recommended further reading and resources for teachers ...................... 32 Recommended museums ......................................................................... 32 Appendices ............................................................................................. 33 Appendix 1: Test Pit Maps for 2017 Season Fieldwork ..................... 34 Appendix 2: Geophysical Surveys for 2017 Season Fieldwork .......... 37 Appendix 3: Lithics Analysis ................................................................ 42 A3.1 Introduction ............................................................................... 42 i A3.2 Archaeologists and collectors of the 20th century .................... 43 A3.3 Previous collections .................................................................. 45 A3.4 Lithics analysis methodology .................................................... 59 A3.5 Lithics catalogue 2017 .............................................................. 64 Appendix 4: Test Pit Recording Booklet ............................................. 70 Appendix 5: Reporting Finds ............................................................... 77 List of Figures Timeline showing the broad outline of periods since the last Ice Age and including a number of sub-periods and alternative period names. Adapted after Solstice Heritage LLP by kind permission ........................................... vii Executive Summary Anna Turley, MP for Redcar, with some of our Young Archaeologists’ Club volunteers .................................... 1 Team Sponsors, Advisors and Acknowledgements Echo: Site Supervisor, Bone Specialist and Osteo-archaeological Assistant to Lindsay Teasdale ........................ 4 1 Introduction: The Eston Hills, Teesside Figure 1 Britain, as we know it today, was never an island for many millennia. Sea level rise, climate change and catastrophic episodes eventually separated us from Continental Europe, physically, but not in terms of human connections, seafaring and memory. © National Geographic ............................................................................... 5 Figure 2 North-east Yorkshire as it might have appeared during the last Ice Age, over 12,000 years ago. Glaciers originating from Scandinavia dragged flint and other erratic rock types from Denmark, while glaciers from Scotland, the Pennines and Cumbria carried cherts and other metamorphic rocks. Both flint and chert were exploited throughout prehistory. Image: Wikicommons ......................................................................................
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