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The King's African Rifles
The King's African Rifles Introduction Further to my article on The Battle of Tanga - 1914, I have studied the various African units participating in the First World War, and here follows a brief overview of one of the most famous African units - The King's African Rifles. The King's African Rifles, ca. 1916 1). Regimental Badge The King's African Rifles. From Regimental Badges by T.J. Edwards, Gale & Polden Limited, 1951. Formation The regiment was formed on 1 January 1902, and combined a number of units from various British East African dependencies - Somaliland, British East Africa (from July 1920: Kenya), Uganda and Nyasaland. At the formation, The King's African Rifles included the following battalions, which in principle existed until the independence of the various colonies in the 1960'ies. King's African Rifles2) Derived from Remarks 1st (Central Africa) 1st Battalion Central Africa Regiment. The Malawi Rifles (1964) Battalion 2nd (Central Africa) 2nd Battalion Central Africa Regiment Disbanded in 1962 Battalion 3rd (East Africa) Battalion East Africa Rifles (British East Africa) The Kenya Rifles (1963) 4th (Uganda) Battalion Uganda Rifles, from various African The Uganda Rifles (1962) companies 5th (Uganda) Battalion Uganda Rifles, from various Indian The Kenya Rifles (1963) companies 6th (Somaliland) Battalion Raised by local units in Somaliland Disbanded in 1910 6th (Tanganyika) Battalion Formed from ex-German askaris in 1917-18 The Tanganyika Rifles (1961) At the formation the regiment included 4.683 men, including 104 British officers. During the First World War the regiment grew into 22 battalions, consisting in July 1918 of 1,193 British Officers, 1,497 British Non-Commissioned Officers, and 30.658 Africans. -
Portugal in the Great War: the African Theatre of Operations (1914- 1918)
Portugal in the Great War: the African Theatre of Operations (1914- 1918) Nuno Lemos Pires1 https://academiamilitar.academia.edu/NunoPires At the onset of the Great War, none of the colonial powers were prepared to do battle in Africa. None had stated their intentions to do so and there were no indications that one of them would take the step of attacking its neighbours. The War in Africa has always been considered a secondary theatre of operations by all conflicting nations but, as well shall see, not by the political discourse of the time. This discourse was important, especially in Portugal, but the transition from policy to strategic action was almost the opposite of what was said, as we shall demonstrate in the following chapters. It is both difficult and deeply simple to understand the opposing interests of the different nations in Africa. It is difficult because they are all quite different from one another. It is also deeply simple because some interests have always been clear and self-evident. But we will return to our initial statement. When war broke out in Europe and in the rest of the World, none of the colonial powers were prepared to fight one another. The forces, the policy, the security forces, the traditions, the strategic practices were focused on domestic conflict, that is, on disturbances of the public order, local and regional upheaval and insurgency by groups or movements (Fendall, 2014: 15). Therefore, when the war began, the warning signs of this lack of preparation were immediately visible. Let us elaborate. First, each colonial power had more than one policy. -
My Reminiscences of East Africa
My 'Reminiscences of East Africa .J General VOII Lettow-Vorbeck. [f'runJi:spiect. :My nEMINISCENCES I OF EAST AFRICA :: CJ3y General von Leitoto- Vorbeck With Portrait. 22 Maps and Sketch.Maps. and 13 Vraw;ngs 13y General von Lettoui- Vorbechs Adjutant LONDON: HURST AND BLACKETT. LTD. PATERNOSTER HOUSE, E.C. f I I I I ,.\ I PREFACE N all the German colon.ies,t~ough but a few d~ca~es old, a life I full of promise was discerruble. \Ve were beginning to under• stand the national value of our colonial possessions; settlers and capital were venturing in; industries and factories were beginning to flourish. Compared with that of other nations, the colonizing process of Germany had progressed peacefully and steadily, and the inhabitants had confidence in the justice of German administration. This development had barely commenced when it was destroyed by the world war. In spite of all tangible proofs to the contrary, an unjustifiable campaign of falsehood is being conducted in order to make the world believe that the Germans lacked colonizing talent and were cruel to the natives. A small force, mainly composed of these very natives, opposed this development. Almost without any external means of coercion, even without immediate payment, this force, with its numerous native followers, faithfully followed its German leaders throughout the whole of the prolonged war against a more than hundredfold superiority. When the armistice came it was still fit to fight, and imbued with the best soldierly spirit. That is a fact which cannot be controverted, and is in itself a sufficient answer to the hostile mis-statements. -
Why Were the British/Allied Forces Unable to Dislodge the Renowned German General Paul Von Lettow-Vorbeck in East Afri…
7/1/2020 #GreatWarInAfrica – Why were the British/Allied forces unable to dislodge the renowned German General Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck in East Afri… Blog Editor August 4th, 2014 #GreatWarInAfrica – Why were the British/Allied forces unable to dislodge the renowned German General Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck in East Africa? 2 comments Estimated reading time: 5 minutes Anne Samson looks at the reasons why ten British/Allied commanders could not defeat the renowned German General, Paul von Lettow Vorbeck in East Africa during World War 1. Most people, when you mention East Africa and World War One, immediately refer to German General Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck and Allied commander General Jan Smuts. However, what is not generally known is that Smuts served in the theatre for only 11 months and was one of ten Allied commanders who led forces against Lettow-Vorbeck. https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/africaatlse/2014/08/04/greatwarinafrica-why-were-the-britishallied-forces-unable-to-dislodge-the-renowned-german-general-paul-vo… 1/7 7/1/2020 #GreatWarInAfrica – Why were the British/Allied forces unable to dislodge the renowned German General Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck in East Afri… Command of the British forces in East Africa was split between the Colonial and India Offices with the War Office keeping a watchful eye. The Admiralty was strategically involved, moving troops, blockading and engaging the enemy on water. So was the Foreign Office, responsible for keeping allies informed and on board despite differing, and sometimes conflicting, aims. Fierce rivals on the battlefield, General Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck (L) and General Jan Smuts (R) became great friends later in life There had been some discussion about keeping the theatre neutral but this was felt to be impossible given the actions which had occurred by mid-September 1914. -
The Consequences of Early Colonial Policies on East African Economic and Political Integration
The Consequences of Early Colonial Policies on East African Economic and Political Integration The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Battani, Matthew. 2020. The Consequences of Early Colonial Policies on East African Economic and Political Integration. Master's thesis, Harvard Extension School. Citable link https://nrs.harvard.edu/URN-3:HUL.INSTREPOS:37365415 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA The Consequences of Early Colonial Policies on the East African Economic and Political Integration Matthew Lee Battani A Thesis in the Field of International Relations for the Master of Liberal Arts in Extension Studies Harvard University November 2020 © 2020 Matthew Lee Battani Abstract Twentieth-century economic integration in East Africa dates back to European initiates in the 1880s. Those policies culminated in the formation of the first East African Community (EAC I) in 1967 between Kenya, Uganda, and Tanzania. The EAC was built on a foundation of integrative polices started by Britain and Germany, who began formal colonization in 1885 as a result of the General Act of the Berlin Conference during the Scramble for Africa. While early colonial polices did foster greater integration, they were limited in important ways. Early colonial integration was bi-lateral in nature and facilitated European monopolies. Early colonial policies did not foster broad economic integration between East Africa’s neighbors or the wider world economy. -
A Comparative Case Study to Test Whether Automatic Weapons Can Disproportionately Benefit Irregular Forces
University of Mississippi eGrove Honors College (Sally McDonnell Barksdale Honors Theses Honors College) Winter 12-4-2020 Diabolus Ex Machina? A Comparative Case Study to Test Whether Automatic Weapons Can Disproportionately Benefit Irregular Forces Harrison Durland Follow this and additional works at: https://egrove.olemiss.edu/hon_thesis Part of the Defense and Security Studies Commons, Military History Commons, Peace and Conflict Studies Commons, Political Science Commons, and the Science and Technology Studies Commons Recommended Citation Durland, Harrison, "Diabolus Ex Machina? A Comparative Case Study to Test Whether Automatic Weapons Can Disproportionately Benefit Irregular Forces" (2020). Honors Theses. 1860. https://egrove.olemiss.edu/hon_thesis/1860 This Undergraduate Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Honors College (Sally McDonnell Barksdale Honors College) at eGrove. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of eGrove. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Durland 1 Diabolus Ex Machina? A Comparative Case Study to Test Whether Automatic Weapons Can Disproportionately Benefit Irregular Forces Harrison Durland November 17, 2020 A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for completion of the Bachelor of Arts degree in International Studies Croft Institute for International Studies University of Mississippi Advisor: Dr. Benjamin Jones Second Reader: Dr. William Schenck Third Reader: Dr. Susan Allen Durland 2 Table of Contents Acknowledgements 5 Abstract 6 Introduction and Overview 7 Chapter I: Literature Review 10 Explaining Insurgent Success and Outcome Trends 10 Strategies, Tactics, and Force Employment 11 Politics: Resolve, Restraints, and Responsibilities 12 Other Explanations: External Support and Geography 13 Summary of Explanations and the Reason for Further Study 14 Lyall and Wilson: Mechanization vs. -
Lobbying Germans for Colonialism, Again
A Service of Leibniz-Informationszentrum econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible. zbw for Economics Zollmann, Jakob Book Review — Published Version [Book Review] Sandler, Willeke. Empire in the Heimat: Colonialism and Public Culture in the Third Reich. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2018 H-Diplo, H-Net Reviews Provided in Cooperation with: WZB Berlin Social Science Center Suggested Citation: Zollmann, Jakob (2019) : [Book Review] Sandler, Willeke. Empire in the Heimat: Colonialism and Public Culture in the Third Reich. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2018, H-Diplo, H-Net Reviews, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, pp. 1-4, https://www.h-net.org/reviews/showrev.php?id=53492 This Version is available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/213824 Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. personal and scholarly purposes. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle You are not to copy documents for public or commercial Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, If the documents have been made available under an Open gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort Content Licence (especially Creative Commons Licences), you genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. may exercise further usage rights as specified in the indicated licence. -
A Study of the Zappo-Zap and Euro-African Encounters in the Late Nineteenth-Century Kasai
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Kent Academic Repository ‘The Black Knights of Fortune’: A Study of the Zappo-Zap and Euro-African Encounters in the Late Nineteenth-Century Kasai JESSICA VINCENT School of History 16th September 2015 Word Count: 32,845 ABSTRACT Recent popular publications have emphasised the brutality and suffering inflicted upon African communities at the onset of colonialism in the Congo, under the Belgium King Leopold II. Yet this Euro-centric approach works to obscure African agency and collaboration under the Congo Free State, and the dependency of the Free State officers upon their African partners. Through following the trajectory of the Zappo-Zap, a distinctly under-studied slaving ethnic group who migrated to the western Kasai region, this dissertation makes a headway into understanding that the violence of the Congo Free State was fabricated from existing modes of exploitation in the Congo prior to European penetration, such as the Arab-Swahili commercial empires. Notably loyal, the example of the Zappo-Zap serves to evaluate the role of African agents in the shaping of exploitative Free State policies, and elucidates the extent that the Zappo-Zap adapted to, and gained from, the reliance of the Free State on them, in the midst of numerous rebellions in the Kasai such as the infamous Luluabourg Revolt. Key words: colonialism; Congo; Kasai; adaptation; slavery CONTENTS PAGE Acknowledgements page. i. List of Figures page. ii. Abbreviations page. iii.. INTRODUCTION page 1. CHAPTER ONE OLD POLITICS AND NEW MEN page 12. -
Collections & Archives
Shepherd – Journey to Russia in 1868 Collections & Archives 2896 West 15th Avenue Vancouver, BC V6K 2Z9 CANADA Ph: 604.734.4700 Fax: 604.734.4701 Email: [email protected] Terms of Business All material is offered subject to prior sale. Prices are based in US Dollars. We also accept Euros, £ Sterling and Canadian Dollars at prevailing Exchange Rates. We accept Visa, Mastercard, Paypal and Cheques. Libraries and institutions may arrange deferred billing on request. All items remain the property of Voyager Press Rare Books & Manuscripts until payment is made in full. Purchases may be returned for any reason within ten days of receipt for a full refund or credit, but please notify us of any returns in advance. Returns should be adequately packed and insured. Please contact us at Toll-free 1.888.656.2006 or +1.604.734.4700 Email: [email protected] Search for Books and Maps at www.voyager-press-search.com For Detailed Descriptions and Pictures For questions please email us: [email protected] Manuscript Journal of Louis A. Kaiser On Board of USS Iroquois Honolulu and Samoa 1889-1890 Original manuscript journal, 131 pages, dated from July 1, 1889 to December 31, 1890, titled "Cruise Journal / L.A. Kaiser / U.S. Navy, Class of '89.” In period half sheep leather binding. Laid in are Naval Academy assignments and a manuscript map. Very good condition. Louis A. Kaiser was aboard the U.S.S. Iroquois from Mare Island to Honolulu, thence to Samoa and back. His journal contains notes on sailing, seamanship, and remarkable events while on the cruise, interspersed with Captain's comments. -
1 This Is the Accepted Version of an Article Which Is Published by Taylor An
1 This is the Accepted Version of an article which is published by Taylor and Francis in Atlantic Studies. Please refer to published version when citing and to any applicable terms of use of the publisher: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/rjas20#.V2kkBOYrL-Y Accepted Version downloaded from SOAS Research Online: http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/22624/ Strategic tangles: slavery, colonial policy, and religion in German East Africa, 1885–1918 Jörg Haustein*, SOAS, University of London Abstract: When Germany occupied Tanganyika in 1889, the mobilising rhetoric was built around ending slavery, which in turn was framed religiously, as a “Muslim” institution to be ended by “Christian civilisation”. However, while the German colonisers subsequently suppressed slave-raiding and large-scale slave trade, they never abolished slavery itself or the private sale of slaves. Moreover, the political utility of framing slavery as an “Islamic” practice quickly faded as the German government rested its political rule on the established Omani and Swahili Muslim elites and their economic networks. Settlers and planters, in turn, were soon discussing how to solve the problem of labour shortage by coercive means. Only missionaries had an interest to continue framing slavery as a Muslim practice in order to raise support for their Christianising endeavours. This led to an extended conflict about German colonial policy, in which settlers invoked Islam as an ally for “civilising” Africans for modern labour regimes, while missionaries continued to highlight slavery as an aspect of the “Islamic danger” in the colony. The article traces the German debate of slavery in East Africa with a special interest in how it was connected to perceptions of Christianity and Islam. -
German Colonies
A postal history of the First World War in Africa and its aftermath – German colonies IV Deutsch-Ostafrika / German East Africa (GEA) Ton Dietz ASC Working Paper 119 / 2015 1 Prof. Ton Dietz Director African Studies Centre Leiden [email protected] African Studies Centre P.O. Box 9555 2300 RB Leiden The Netherlands Telephone +31-71-5273372 Fax +31-71-5273344 E-mail [email protected] Website http://www.ascleiden.nl Facebook www.facebook.nl/ascleiden Twitter www.twitter.com/ascleiden Ton Dietz, 2015 2 A postal history of the First World War in Africa and its aftermath Ton Dietz, African Studies Centre Leiden Version February 2015; [email protected] German Colonies WORK IN PROGRESS, SUGGESTIONS WELCOME IV Deutsch-Ostafrika/German East Africa (GEA) Table of Contents Introduction 2 Vorläufer, 1885-1893 4 Witu and Malakote, 1889 7 Ostafrikanische Seeenpost by Schülke & Mayr, 1892 15 Pre-War stamps, 1893-1914 16 Post offices in German East Africa using their own cancelations, 1893-1914 21 The Great War in East Africa, 1914-1919 38 German occupation of Taveta, 1914-1915 43 Postal services in areas still controlled by Germany 43 Wuga / Mafia 47 British occupation of mainland Tanganyika 51 British Nyasaland Forces and G.E.A. 53 Belgian occupation of Ruanda and Urundi 55 Portuguese occupation of Kionga 62 Former German East Africa after the Great War 68 Tanganyika 68 Ruanda Urundi 72 Quionga and German revisionist vignettes after the War 74 References 75 3 Introduction Wikipedia about German East Africa and its stamps ´German postal services in German East Africa started on October 4, 1890. -
A History of the Colonization of Africa by Alien Races
OufO 3 1924 074 488 234 All books are subject to recall after two weeks Olin/Kroch Library DATE DUE -mr -^ l99T 'li^^is Wtt&-F£SeiW SPRIHG 2004 PRINTED IN U.S.A. The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924074488234 In compliance with current copyright law, Cornell University Library produced this replacement volume on paper that meets the ANSI Standard Z39.48-1984 to replace the irreparably deteriorated original. 1994 (Kambtitrge i^istotical Series EDITED BY G. W. PROTHERO, LiTT.D. HONORARY FELLOW OF KING'S COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE, AND PROFESSOR OF HISTORY IN THE UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH. THE COLONIZATION OF AFRICA. aonbon: C. J. CLAY AND SONS, CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS WAREHOUSE, Ave Maria Lane. ©lasBoiu: 263, ARGYLE STREET. Ecipjis: F. A. BROCKHAUS. jjefagorl:: THE MACMILLAN COMPANY. JSomlaj: E. SEYMOUR HALE. A HISTORY OF THE COLONIZATION OF AFRICA BY ALIEN RACES BY SIR HARRY H. JOHNSTON, K.C.B. (author of "BRITISH CENTRAL AFRICA," ETC.). WITH EIGHT MAPS BY THE AUTHOR AND J. G. BARTHOLOMEW. CAMBRIDGE: AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS. 1899 9 [All Rights reserved-^ GENERAL TREFACE. The aim of this series is to sketch tlie history of Alodern Europe, with that of its chief colonies and conquests, from about the e7id of the fifteenth century down to the present time. In one or two cases the story will connnence at an earlier date : in the case of the colonies it will usually begin later.