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An Experience Economy Analysis of Tourism Development Along the Chautauqua-Lake Erie Wine Trail Donna Leigh Quadri Iowa State University

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An Experience Economy Analysis of Tourism Development Along the Chautauqua-Lake Erie Wine Trail Donna Leigh Quadri Iowa State University Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Graduate Theses and Dissertations Dissertations 2012 An experience economy analysis of tourism development along the Chautauqua-Lake Erie Wine Trail Donna Leigh Quadri Iowa State University Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/etd Part of the Marketing Commons, and the Recreation, Parks and Tourism Administration Commons Recommended Citation Quadri, Donna Leigh, "An experience economy analysis of tourism development along the Chautauqua-Lake Erie Wine Trail" (2012). Graduate Theses and Dissertations. 12443. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/etd/12443 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. An experience economy analysis of tourism development along the Chautauqua-Lake Erie Wine Trail by Donna L. Quadri A dissertation submitted to the graduate faculty in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Major: Hospitality Management Program of Study Committee: Ann Marie Fiore, Major Professor Douglas Bonett Robert Bosselman Russell Laszniak Tianshu Zheng Iowa State University Ames, Iowa 2012 Copyright © Donna L. Quadri, 2012. All rights reserved. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................................... v LIST OF TABLES ................................................................................................................ vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ................................................................................................ viii ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................................... x CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................... 1 Background of Destination ........................................................................................... 4 Purpose and Objectives ................................................................................................ 5 Key Concepts and Definitions ...................................................................................... 7 CHAPTER 2. REVIEW OF LITERATURE ...................................................................... 10 Rural Tourism ............................................................................................................ 10 Rural Wine Tourism ................................................................................................... 11 The Lake Erie Wine Region ............................................................................. 13 Stakeholders in Wine Tourism ................................................................................... 17 Wine Tourist Behavior ............................................................................................... 19 Demographic Characteristics of the Wine Tourist ........................................... 20 Tripographic Characteristics of the Wine Tourist ............................................ 22 The Wine Tourist Experience ........................................................................... 25 The Experience Economy .......................................................................................... 26 The Educational Element .................................................................................. 29 The Entertainment Element .............................................................................. 29 The Esthetic Element ........................................................................................ 30 The Escapist Element ....................................................................................... 32 iii Mediating Effect of the 4Es on Behavioral Intentions ..................................... 33 Stakeholder Assessment of the 4Es .................................................................. 39 CHAPTER 3. METHODS .................................................................................................. 41 Sample Populations and Data Collection Procedures ................................................ 41 Visitor Sample .................................................................................................. 42 Business Owner Sample ................................................................................... 43 Instruments and Survey Preparation .......................................................................... 44 Visitor Instrument ............................................................................................. 44 Business Owner Instrument .............................................................................. 46 Data Analysis Methods .............................................................................................. 47 The LEWC Tourist (Demographics and Tripographics): Tests for H1-H5 ................................................................................................ 48 Confirmatory Factor Analysis .......................................................................... 49 Differences in Visitor Experiences: Tests for H6-H19 ..................................... 51 Difference between Visitor and Business Owner Priorities: Test for H20. ..................................................................................................... 51 Perceptions of Varying Tourism Business Suppliers ....................................... 52 CHAPTER 4. RESULTS .................................................................................................... 54 Description of Visitor Sample .................................................................................... 54 Visitors ....................................................................................................................... 55 Descriptive Statistics of Research Variables .............................................................. 60 Confirmatory Factor Analysis of Visitor Experience Data .............................. 64 Results of Hypotheses Testing ................................................................................... 68 Demographic and Tripographic Predictors ................................................................ 68 iv The Experiential Predictors ........................................................................................ 75 Mediating Effects of the 4Es ...................................................................................... 78 Description of Business Sample ................................................................................. 81 Descriptive Statistics of Research Variables for Factor Analysis .............................. 84 Confirmatory Factor Analysis Business Data ............................................................ 87 Results of Testing between Tourist Experience and Business Priorities .......... 91 Tourism Suppliers’ Perceptions about Lake Erie Wine Tourism............................... 93 Challenges and Issues for Wine Tourism Development in LEWC .................. 97 CHAPTER 5. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS ..................................................... 103 Summary .................................................................................................................. 103 The Lake Erie Wine Tourist ..................................................................................... 104 The Experience Economy in the Lake Erie Wine Tourism ..................................... 109 Creation of the LEWC Experience by Tourism Providers ....................................... 111 Business Stakeholders and Future Wine Tourism Development ............................. 116 Implications .............................................................................................................. 118 Limitations ............................................................................................................... 122 Future Studies ........................................................................................................... 122 APPENDIX A. Visitors’ Survey Measurement Items ...................................................... 125 APPENDIX B. Business Survey Measurement Items ..................................................... 129 APPENDIX C. Tri-State (New York-Pennsylvania-Ohio) Zip Code Distribution of Lake Erie Wine Tourists ................................................. 132 APPENDIX D. ISU Institutional Review Board Approvals for Research Involving Human Subjects ...................................................................... 133 v REFERENCES .................................................................................................................. 137 VITA .................................................................................................................................. 169 vi LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. Lake Erie Wine Country, 2011 .............................................................................. 4 Figure 2. 4Es in the Experience Economy (Pine & Gilmore, 1998, p. 102) ....................... 27 Figure 3. Distribution of LEWC visitor residency.............................................................. 57 vii LIST OF
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