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Kiribati Designates Large MPA, to Be Funded by Endowment

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Kiribati Designates Large MPA, to Be Funded by Endowment Vol. 7, No. 9 April 2006 International News and Analysis on Marine Protected Areas Kiribati Designates Large MPA, to Be Funded by Endowment The Pacific island nation of Kiribati (pronounced Kee- nation) has historically ree-bahss) has designated one of the world’s largest insulated the area from The 2006 Subscriber Survey MPAs in a bid to guard against overfishing and climate outside pressures. But change. The nearly uninhabited Phoenix Islands foreign fleets have What do you think of MPA News? Protected Area (PIPA), encompassing 184,700 km2 expressed growing interest with eight atolls and two submerged reef systems, covers in fishing there and the MPA News is designed to serve the global field of an area more than half the size of Germany. Located threat of climate change MPA professionals. To make sure it is doing that midway between Fiji and Hawai’i in the Central Pacific, looms: a bleaching event effectively, we need your feedback. What is MPA the PIPA contains near-pristine coral ecosystems, with occurred in the Phoenix News doing well? How could it be improved? more than 120 species of coral and hundreds of species Islands for the first time in Please tell us. of fish, including the world’s highest population 2003. “With recent The 2006 MPA News Subscriber Survey, consisting densities of Napoleon wrasse, according to scientists. advances in the fishing of 10 quick questions, is available online at industry and impacts of The protected area will be funded through an endow- http://www.mpanews.org global climate change, ment being initiated with private funding from isolation can no longer be Please help us to serve you better. We look Conservation International, a NGO. The endowment relied on to conserve these forward to your comments. Thank you. will finance administration of the protected area and atolls,” says Kiribati also compensate the Kiribati government for lost Sincerely, Environment Minister revenue suffered from cancellation of fishing licenses to Martin Puta Tofinga. foreign fleets. Although a management plan for the site is not expected to be set for another year or so, it is To launch the develop- John B. Davis, Editor anticipated that commercial inshore reef fishing, ment of a management including by foreign vessels, will be banned in the PIPA. plan and the endowment, the Kiribati government signed a memorandum of Subsistence reef fishing by the fewer than 50 residents understanding with two organizations: Conservation of the Phoenix Islands archipelago will be allowed to International (CI) and the New England Aquarium. continue. The PIPA also includes deep water, and it is CI, through its Global Conservation Fund, is financing unclear yet whether commercial fishing for offshore the initiation phase of the PIPA and is beginning Table of Contents pelagics, like tuna, will be allowed. The endowment is capitalization of the endowment, to be expanded with projected to last in perpetuity, assuming management of matching funds from private and public institutions. Kiribati Designates Large the protected area is administered in good faith by the The size of the endowment will depend on the value of MPA, to Be Funded by Kiribati government. the fisheries to be closed, as well as projected PIPA Endowment ................. 1 “If the coral and reefs are protected, then the fish will administration costs; the final figure is being researched. MPA Perspective thrive and grow and bring us benefit,” said Kiribati The New England Aquarium, based in Boston, New Zealand Seafood President Anote Tong, announcing the PIPA designa- Massachusetts, USA, has conducted biological surveys Industry Proposes Huge tion in March in conjunction with the Eighth Confer- in the Phoenix Islands since 2000, and was first to Closures — Cynicism or ence of the Parties to the Convention on Biological initiate talks with the Kiribati government regarding Pragmatism? ............... 3 Diversity (CBD), held in Curitiba, Brazil. “In this way, protection of the ecosystem. The aquarium will all species of fish can be protected so none become depleted continue to provide research support for the PIPA and MPA Perspective or extinct.” The PIPA announcement was accompanied assist with developing its management plan. MPA Management by commitments from other island nations at the CBD Policies in West Africa: Greg Stone, vice president of global marine programs meeting to expand protection for their coastal waters Recommended Guide- for the New England Aquarium, says creating the PIPA (see box, “The Micronesia Challenge”, next page). lines for Balancing is the only way to mitigate and protect reefs from Conservation and climate change. “With climate change, there’s not Development ............... 4 The endowment much you can do for reefs to mitigate on-the-ground The geographic isolation of Kiribati and its Phoenix impacts except for removing all other existing threats,” Notes & News .............. 5 Islands archipelago (one of three island groups in the continued on next page MPA News he says. He adds that because of the healthy fish considering pursuing listing of the Phoenix Islands as a populations and lack of direct human impacts in the UNESCO World Heritage site. Editor-in-Chief Phoenix Islands, the reefs there are recovering quickly Depending on how one defines “marine protected John B. Davis from the 2003 bleaching event. In their excellent area”, the PIPA could be considered the world’s third Project Assistant condition, he says, the Phoenix Islands are essentially a largest MPA, behind only the Great Barrier Reef Maggie Ostdahl baseline reef — a control site. “They offer a valuable Marine Park (Australia) and Northwestern Hawaiian reference point for measuring the impact of climate Editorial Board Islands Coral Reef Ecosystem Reserve (USA). The list change on reef systems there and elsewhere,” he says. Chair - David Fluharty, Ph.D. would exclude areas closed to certain fishing gear, some U.W. School of Marine Affairs The endowment will be similar to ones enacted by CI of which are several times larger. Patrick Christie, Ph.D. to protect South American rainforests. In an essay in The PIPA includes a 60-nm boundary around each of U.W. School of Marine Affairs the October 2005 issue of MPA News, CI personnel its atolls, which in most cases rise no more than Michael Murray described the application of this tool — termed 2 meters above sea level. The protected area comprises Channel Islands National “conservation incentive agreements” — to MPAs 5% of the entire EEZ of Kiribati, the largest atoll nation Marine Sanctuary through the provision of continuous, long-term in the world. Kiribati includes two other, more- Direct correspondence to: MPA financial incentives to conserve marine resources rather populated island groups in addition to the Phoenix News, School of Marine Affairs, than exploit them for short-term gain (“Conservation University of Washington, 3707 Islands. Incentive Agreements As a Tool for Developing and Brooklyn Ave. NE, Seattle, WA 98105, USA. Tel: +1 206 685 1582; Managing MPAs”, MPA News 7:4). The PIPA Websites with more information on the PIPA include: endowment will be overseen by a board of managers Fax: +1 206 543 1417; E-mail: http://neaq2.securesites.net/special/phoenixislands/ [email protected] including CI, the government of Kiribati, and others. http://www.conservation.org/xp/frontlines/protectedareas/ ........ Funding is contingent upon proper PIPA management 03280601.xml MPA News is published monthly by Kiribati. “If protection ever stops, the money goes by Marine Affairs Research and For more information Education (MARE), a 501(c)(3) away,” says Stone. It is anticipated that other national not-for-profit corporation, in governments will assist with management. New Greg Stone, New England Aquarium, Central Wharf, Boston, MA association with the School of Zealand, for example, has indicated its willingness to 02110, USA. Tel: +1 617 973 5229; E-mail: [email protected] Marine Affairs, Univ. of Washington. provide flyovers by enforcement aircraft to guard against All content has been written by the Tukabu Teroroko, Chair, Kiribati Interagency Phoenix Islands MPA News editorial staff unless illegal activity in the Phoenix Islands. Committee, Kiribati. Tel: +686 28507; E-mail: otherwise attributed. dddddd The PIPA will help Kiribati meet international treaty [email protected] Financial support for MPA News is provided in part by grants from: obligations, including the Convention on Biological Sue Miller Taei, Marine Program Manager, Pacific Islands, • David and Lucile Packard Diversity’s protected area goal to create comprehensive, Conservation International, Western Samoa. Tel: +685 21593; E- Foundation; effectively managed, and ecologically representative mail: [email protected] • Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management, National systems of MPAs by 2012. The government is also Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Silver Spring, MD (USA), under the Federal Coastal Zone Management Act; and • Washington Sea Grant The Micronesia Challenge Program, Univ. of Washington, Government leaders in the Micronesia region, spread over 3 achieve, and surpass, having at least 10% of each of its pursuant to NOAA Award No. NA16RG1044. million miles of the Western Pacific, have joined together to ecological regions effectively conserved. Guam Governor pledge to protect 30% of their nearshore marine ecosystems Felix Camacho said conservation would be the key to The views expressed herein are those of the author(s) and should by 2020. Termed “The Micronesia Challenge”, the establishing Micronesia as a world-class tourism destination, not be interpreted as representing commitment is being led by Palau, the Federated States of and would set an example for the rest of the world. Also at the opinions or policies of the Micronesia, the Marshall Islands, and the US territories of the CBD meeting, the Caribbean island nation of Grenada Packard Foundation, NOAA, or NOAA’s sub-agencies. Guam and Northern Marianas Islands. It was formally pledged to put 25% of its nearshore marine resources under announced at the Eighth Conference of the Parties to the effective conservation by 2020.
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