what’s the problem with danube delta?
liviu giosan what’s important
- largest wetland in Europe - 2nd largest compact reedbed in the World -species: ~300 birds; ~90 fish
Established as Biosphere Reserve in 1998 – shared by Romania (~80%) and Ukraine
Populated since Neolithic Exploited by Greeks, Romans, Byzantines, Ottomans Black Sea what’s important
NIDD, 2005 the delta - evolution
Giosan et al., 2006 the delta - morphology
Giosan et al., 2005 global influences
sea level
climate sea level (subsidence)
Giosan et al., 2006
van der Hoeven et al., 2006 Cazenave et al., 2002 climate - river
Giosan et al., in prep. climate - basin
Vespremeanu-Stroe et al., 2007 regional influences upstream:
discharge deforestation dam irrigation pollution basin:
morphodynamics salinization the river the river – water and sediment discharge
Water and Suspended Sediment Discharge 1945-2005, CEATAL IZMAIL
10000 3500 9000 3000 R (kg/s) 8000 7000 2500
Q (m3/s) 6000 2000 5000 4000 1500 3000 1000 2000 500 1000 0 0 1993 1987 1975 1978 1981 1966 2002 2005 1996 1990 1984 1969 1972 1963 1951 1954 1945 1999 1957 1960 1948 the river – dams the basin – ecosystems
Humborg al., 1997 the basin – waves, currents sediment transport
Giosan et al., 2005 the basin – shelf morphodynamics
Giosan, Constantinescu et al., in prep. the basin – river mouth morphodynamics
Giosan et al., 2005 the basin – river mouth morphodynamics the basin – coast morphodynamics
Time 1
Time 2
Time 3
Ashton and Giosan, in prep. the basin – coast morphodynamics
2003
Giosan et al., in 2005 local human perspective: urbanization agriculture-fishing tourism transport population property issues hazards: inundation erosion shoaling (sediment routing across delta) the delta – water and sediment routing
Chilia
St. George
Sulina
Bondar, 2003 the delta – fishing
NIDD, 2005 the delta – water and sediment routing
NIDD, 2005 the delta – transport the problems
DD evolved in stable sea level regime – now sea level rise accelerated
DD evolved in stable? sediment regime – now sediment less than half
DD evolved in a natural coastal regime – now engineered
DD escaped heavy development – now at the horizon indus delta: what do we know?
liviu giosan climate
Bookhagen et al., 2006 evolution (climate, sea level, subsidence)
Giosan et al., in prep. largest irrigation system
Inam et al., in press salinization, desertification the shelf
Giosan et al., 2006 the coast
1 11 21 31Advance 41 51 61 71 81 91 101 111 121 131 141 151 161 200 150 100 1855-1954 50 1978-2000 0 -50 -100
-150 Retreat 1 Shoreline Change Rate (m/year) Change Rate Shoreline -200 Profile Number 36
115 145 Giosan et al., 2006 Thank You !