JANWABY1936 MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW 31

TABLE2.-Free-air resultant winds (meters per second) based on pilot balloon observations made near 6 a. m. (E. Is. T.) during January 193.5 [Wind from N=36O0, E=90°, ete.]

-~___ EI I2 k ,: x 4.. 4.. s u .-o 5 .g 2 .z .- 1 .- "0 oOOVO0UV~UV ow-:E otoEC2222zo -(Y .- ;.n3 $5>m 5s ag n5bS -__ -- _-__ -____-__---a$

2.5 310 1.0 242 1.8 313 1.2 41 0.4 26 2.5 142 0.9 193 0.3 4.2 247 3. 4 254 5.3 315 3.4 254 1.2 40 3.3 147 1.3 210 2.1 6.3 264 6.7 238 8.4 281 6. 301 3.8 52 1.6 166 4.6 241 3.8 9.6 285 8.3 283 7.5 273 Q. 21 319 3.8 50 0.9 216 6.1 287 7.0 11.5 309 8.6 304 10.1 296 12.7 304 5.7 6 1. 1 235 Q.8 316 8.8 13.2 322 11.4 314 12.9 289 li.0 287 5.7 305 2.8 234 10.0 306 11.1 15.3 __._...... 313 14.2 ...... %? 6.1 300 4.4 260 9.9 300 11.0 ...... 32 9.2 308 6.Y ...... ___..__._......

II

_- A .E!n R .5 x .t: u .-- '3 2 ZE VU" _-55 ~--

1.4 198 2.4 335 1.9 194 ..--. 318 5.3 0.:2.1 244 6.1 307 7.8 3.9 255 9.0 293 10.4 4.9 272 7.9 291 13.1 5.3 283 Y.9 298 15.3 6.6 2bG 10.2 ...... 8.2 2Y3 12.0 ...... I ...... 300 ......

1 Navy stations. RIVERS AND

[River and Division, MONTROSEW', HAYES.in charge] By RICHMONDT. ZOCH Although there were numerous floods in the eastern at Memphis during the preceding days was 0.59 on January IS, 3.74 on January 19, and 3.74 on January 20, making a total of half of the United States in January, as shown in the 5.07 inches in 3 days. accompanying flood table, none of those for which coni- The heavy rainfall was general throughout, the Meniphis area. plete reports are available caused more than slight dam- A t.race of sleet. and 3.2 inches of snow, fell on the 2lst. A cold age. Timely warnings were issued for each of these wave occurred on the 21-22, reaching a minimum temperature of 12' on the 22d. The weather continued cold for the nest several floods. days, adding to t.he suffering of livest,ock, and increasing traffic Complete reports are not available for tmhefloods in hazards. All highway traffic into Memphis was halt,ed on the 21st the Connecticut River in New England and the Talla- due to wash.ec1 out, roads and bridges, and water on the highways hatchie River in . The significant features to a considerable depth in places, with t.he exception of one high- way from the east and highways to t,he west. Several railroadfi of these floods will be described in a later issue of the leading into Memphis had t.0 run their trains over other lines for MONTHLYWEATHER REVIEW. several days until repairs could be made. The Shelby County Local floods in small where the flood warning engineer conservatively estimates the damage t,o roads and bridges service is not maintained were reported in the Bull Hook in Shelby County at $100,000. Owing to t.he comparatively low stage of the at Memphis on January 21 and the Creek, near Havre, Mont.; in portions of the State of high water in Wolf River, hhere was a "run-out on Wolf River Washington; and near Memphis, Tenn. The official in on that dat,e. Shortly after noon of t.he 21st several. steamboats, charge of the Memphis, Tenn., Weather Bureau office not steamed up, broke from their moorings on Wolf River at the comments as follows on the last-mentioned flood: Anderson-Tully Lumber Co. and were carried rapidly downsheam IJ~the swift current, crashing and tearing loose other water craft There are no gages and the Weather Bureau does not furniah a and floating equipment. By the t,ime t.he runaways reached the flood-warning service on the following streams of Shelby County, Mississippi River there were nearly 50 pieces of river craft in the Tenn.: Wolf River, which flows into the Mississippi at Memphis; wreck, including launches, motorboats, st,eamhoats, dredges, dry- which flows into the Mississippi a few niiles clocks, pont,oons, and other floating equipment. The United States north of Memphis; and , which flows into the st,eamboat inspectors estimate this damage at approsinlately $100,- Mississippi on the southern outskirts of Memphis. All of the 000. An unestimated number of hogs and cows were drowned, and above streams overflowed their banks on January 20, 1935, and probably a small niiniher of other livestock. during the night of the 21st reached unprecedented high stages, The total damage of this flood is conservatively estimated at at least unprecedented for the last 2 decades. The precipitation over $200,000.

Unauthenticated | Downloaded 09/30/21 07:39 AM UTC 32 MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW JANUA8Y 1935

Table of flood stages in January 1955 Table of jlood stages in January 1936--Cont,inued [All dates in January, unless otherwise specifled] [All dates in January, unless otherwise specifled]

~

Above flood Crest Above flood stages-dates stages-dates Crest River and station Flood Flood stage - River and station stage - - - From- To- Stage From- TC- stag, Date - - ATLANTIC SLOPE DRAINAGE PISSISSIPPI SYSTEbl-COIltinUed I Feel Feel Connecticut: Feet Feet Ohio Basm-Continued White River Junction, Vt ...... 18 10 10 18. 1 10 Hartford, Corm- ...... 16 11 14 20. 1 12 Green: Hudson: Troy, N. Y ...... 15 10 11 16. 4 10 Lock No. 6, Broansv~lle.Ky ______28 20 27 43.4 23 Chenango: Sherburne, N. Y ...... 8 0 11 9. , Y Lock No. 4, Woodbury, Ky______33 20 28 48.1 24 Susquehanna: Lock No. 2, Rumsey, Ky...... 34 22 Feb. 5 41.6 30 Oneonta, N Y ...... 12 0 12 16. 7 11 West Fork: Edwardsport. Ind ...... 12 23 24 13.0 24 Bainbridge, N. Y ...... 11 0 ia 15.6 11 Cum berland: Binghamton, N. Y 14 9 11 16. i5 10 Celina, Term..-...... 28 21 24 36.0 23 Towanda, Pa- ...... 16 10 11 16. 5 10 Clwksville, Tenn...... 46 21 25 49.7 22 James: Lock F. Eddyville, Ky ...... 50 22 29 55.7 25 Buchanan, Va ...... 17 22 u 24.5 23 North Fork: Mendota, Va ...... 8 23 23 10.3 23 Lynchburg. Va...... 18 23 24 22. 0 23 Nolichucky: Embreerille, Tenn.. - __.- .-.. 8 9 9 10.3 9 Columbia, Va ...... 10 22 28 30. 3 24 French Broad: Richmond, Va...... 8 23 27 18.8 25 Asherille, N. C ...... 6 9 11 8.3 9 Roanoke: Oldtown, Tenn...... 8 9 9 9.5 9 Randolph, Va ...... 18 24 25 u.8 25 Ohio: Weldon, N. C ...... 31 24 27 38.3 26 nom NO. 25 ...... 40 25 25 41. 1 25 Williamston, N. C...... 10 23 Feb. 3 11.4 31 Dam No. 47, Newburgh, Ind ...... 35 28 30 35.3 29 Cape Fear: Lock No. 2, Elizabethtown E! ansvilie. Ind...... 35 26 30 35.8 29 N.C ...... 20 3 4 23. 7 3 Dam No. 50, Fords Ferry, Ky...... 34 24 Feb. 2 36.9 28-30 Saluda: Pelzer, 8. C ...... 7 10 11 8.3 10 Santee: While Basin 2 5 13.0 6 Rimini. 8. C ...... 12 11 14 12.9 12 Black: Binck Rock, Ark ...... 14 21 m 18. 1 21 26 27 12. 9 27 White: Clnrendon, Ark ...... 25 29 Feb. 6 25.3 'eb. 3 Ferguson, 9. C ...... 12 13 17 12.3 14,15 3 6 17.8 4 Arkonsaa Basin Savannah: Ellenton, 8. C ...... 14 11 16 20.0 13 Petit Jean: Danrille, Ark ...... EAST ~mor MEXICO DRAINAGE 20 20 24 24. d 22 Tombigbae: Red Basin lec. 29 39. 2 Iec. 30 Ouorhita: Lock No. 3, Ala ...... 33 24 30 36.8 26 Arkailelphia, Ark...... 17 20 23 25.6: 21 Lock No. 1, Ala ...... 31 1 7 31.4 6 Camdeu. Ark.- ...... 25 22 31 37. 11 25 Pearl: Jittle: Whitecliffs, -4rk ...... 25 22 27 27.9 23 )ec. 27 12 24.5 2-4 Sulphur: Jackson, Miss. ._. ___. ------. 18 23 Feb. 2 23.0 26 iiig. Tex...... 20 19 25 27.2 21 Monticello, Miss...... 15 23 w 15.3 22 ...... ?2 22 31 30.0 24 3 18 13.6 , Pearl River, La ...... 12 26 Peb. 5 13.6 3 Imwr .Wasissippi Bneiii MIBSISSXPPI SYSTEM 6ig Lake outlet: hfanila, Ark ...... 10 3 (9 16.8 28,B St. Fr:incis: Upper Mississippi Basin Fisk, Mo...... 20 20 26 23.4 23 niinois: St. Francis. Ark ...... 18 21 (1) 21. 7 26 Morris, Ill ...... 13 9 10 13.05 9, 10 Tallahatchie: Swan Lake, Miss...... 26 10 (9 (9 (9 Peru, 111 ...... 17 11 11 li. 1 11 - - - Ohio Basin 1 Continued into February. 17 18 11. iti 17 Qauley: Summersville, W. Va ...... 10 21 23 11.46 23 New: Olenlyn, Va ...... 11 23 23 11.4 23 Barren: Bowling Green, Ky...... 20 20 25 34.4 23 WEATHER OF THE ATLANTIC AND PACIFIC OCEANS

(The Marine Division, W. F. hICDONALD in Charge) NORTH ATLANTIC OCEAN, JANUARY' 1935 lowest reading was 28.45 inches, noted by the Dutch steamer Leerdam, very late on the 14th, at about 43' N., By H. C. HUNTER 62' W., near the center of a well-developed storm. Theso Atmospheric pressure.-The average pressure during pressure extremes were from three to six tenths of an January was greater than normal over most of the North inch higher than those of the preceding month. Atlantic, and was especially high, compared with normal, TABLE1 .--Averages, departures, and extremes of atmospheric prea- over the northeastern area. At Valencia, Ireland, the sure (sea level) at selected stations for the North Atlantic Ocean month averaged 0.5 inch above normal pressure, or 1.05 and its shores, January 1935 inches higher than during the month preceding. A period of particularly high pressure over the waters adjacent Station I Highest I Date I Lowest I Date I tzzi I- 1 I I-I- I- - to the British Isles was noted froni the 15th to 22d. Inches Inches Inchea The southeastern portion of the North Atlantic aver- Julianehaab. Oreenland- - - -.- - - - - 15 Reykjavik. Iceland ...... 9 aged slightly above normal in pressure, and froni the Lerwick, Shetland Islnnds. __ __ -.- 30.01 25 Valencin. Ireland...... 30.40 +.50 30.89 29. 64 25 21st to the end of the month tlis region was almost Lisbon, Portugd ...... 30.24 +.09 30.47 I 12 I 30.03 I 19 constantly much above normal. hladeira...... 30.13 +.03 30.32 26 29.94 10 lIor tn. Azores...... 30.23 +.07 30.5s 30 18 One considerable part of the North Atlantic, the south- Belle Isle, Newfoundland ...... 29.85 f.05 30.52 29 3 Halifax. Nova Scotia ...... 30.02 +.04 30.72 5 2 western, had pressure averaging moderately less than Nnntucket ...... 30.10 f.06 30.62 5 1 normal. Bermuda averaged for the month 0.07 inch Hatteras ...... 30.16 f.02 30.62 5 23 Bermudn ...... 30.09 -.07 30.48 5 10 lower than normal pressure, and was nearly always below Turks Island ...... 30.01 -.04 30.11 20 10 Key West...... 30.08 -.02 30.38 30 29.86 9 during the last 9 days of the month. New Orleans-...... 30.17 +.04 30.53 24 29.78 8 The highest reading reported was 30.86 inches, by t,he NoTE.-A~I data based on a. m. observat.ions only, with departures compiled from American steamship CoUamer during the forenoon of the best available normals related, to time of observation, except Hatteras, Key West, Nan- 21st, at about latitude 50' N., longitude 12' W. The tucket, and New Orleans, which are 24-hour corrected means. Unauthenticated | Downloaded 09/30/21 07:39 AM UTC