Federal Resister / VoL 57, ~o. 240 / Monday, December 14, 1992 / Proposed Rules 59053

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Fish and Wildlife SerVIce

50 CFR Part 17 RIN 1018.-AB88 Endangered and Threatened W~ldl~te and PIar~ts;Proposed Endangered Status for Ten and Threater~~d Status for Two Plants From S~~e’-t-e Habitats in the San Franctsco 8~ Region of CaIIfoqn~a AGENCY: Fish and Wildlife Ser\~~, interior. ACTION: Proposed rule. StJMMARY: The US. Fish and W~cl;fe Service (Service) proposes endan~rs~d status pursuant to the Endangered Act of 1973, as amended ~At) for 10 plants: Castillejo negiecta (Tiburon paintbrush). Ceanoth~s ferrisae (coyote ceanothus), Cirs;um fontinale var. fon finale (fountain thistle), Clarkia franciscano (Presidio clarkia). Cordylanthus ten uis ssp. capillaris (Pennell’s bird’s beak). Dudieya setchellii (Santa Clara Valley dudleys), latilobum Sari Mateo woolly sunflower). Pentachaeta bellidiJlora (white-rayed pentachaeta), Streptanthus albidus ssp. albidus (Metcalf Canyon jewelfiower), and Streptanthus niger(Tiburon jewelfiower). The Service also proposes threatened status for two plants, Calochortus tiburonensis (Tiburon maripose lily) and congestum (Mann dwarf-flax). These species are restricted to serpentine soil outcrops in the area near the San 591354 Federal Register / Vol. 57, No. 240 / Monday, December 14, 1992 / Proposed Rules f

Francisco Bay. . The 12 plants some plants have adapted to the rigors serpentine-influenced soil in the coast ha’.e been affected variously and are of life on serpentine soils. In fact, live oak woodland community thiaetened by one or more of the serpentine soils often support a high Serpentine endemics may na~e following: Urbanization, pedestrian arid diversity of plants, including many rare limited or widespread distributions off-rued vehicular traffic, the invasion of species (McCarten 1988). Over 200 taxa Some species are restricted to a single CIICO plants. road maintenance, soil in. California are endemic (restrcted) to outcrop, others occur on serpentine ercsion and shpp:ng. unauthorized serpentine soils (Kruckeberg 1984). Serpentine soils in the soils within a particular region. a few dumping. livestock grazing, seed species occur throughout almost the Bay region are derived from intrusive predation by beetles, and stochastic entire range of serpentine soils in o~neousrocks associated with fault e~:o~ctonby virtue ~.ftPe smati :solated California (Kr.ickeberg 1984), Of the i:at~~eof the rdmalnIu2 populations. zones in the sedimentary Franciscan formation. Outcrops occur south of the taxa proposed in this rule, one Th.s ~roposai. if made ~.::ai, (Calachortus tiburonens.s) is thought to Ir.~inentthe Federal orute :~~nand Bay in the Coyote Valley of Santa Clara always have been restricted to the single rect. ery pro. isions afforded by the Act County: west of the Bay at Edgewocd County Park, near Crystal Sprtngs outcrop on which it occurs. Others, fur these plants. The Se~’iceseeks data including cordv!unthus tenws tsp. and comments from the public on this Reservoir, and at Stanford University’s capt/Ions, Streptanthus niger. prop osa I. Jasper Ridge Preserve in San Mateo County. and at the Presidio in San Enophylium latilobum, Dudleyri DA’~ES:Comments from all interested setchell,i, and Streptanthus o1hidu~,ssp paI-t~esmust be received by February 12. Francisco County; east of the Bay in the Oakland hills of Alameda County arid at albidus, have a known historical range 1993 Public hearing requests must be of only a few milesor less. The widest received by January 28, 1993. Mt. Diablo in Contra Costa County: and north of the Bay on the Tiburon ranging species in historic times was ADDRESSES: Comments and materials Peninsula in eastern Mann County and Pentochoeta beflidiflora, which concerning this proposal should be sent at Mt. Tamalpais. Carson Ridge, and occurred from Mann County to Santa to the Field Supervisor. U.S. Fish and Cruz County. It is now restricted to a Wildlife Service, 28.04) Cottage Way. near Nicasio Reservoir in western Mann County, as well as in Sorioma and Nape single population as a result of habitat room E—1803, Sacramento, California Counties. destruction. 95825—1846. Comments and materials Serpentine soils are variable in soil The human population of the San received will be available for public chemistry, texture, and water inspection, by appointment, during Francisco Bay region has grown rapidly availability, both within and between over the last several decades. Urban normal business hours at the above sites (McCarten 198Th). This variability address. development (including highway and the variety of micro-climates in the construction) has reduced the amount of FOR FURThER INFORMATION CONTACT: San Francisco Bay region have a Jeanme L. Hardison at 9l61978—4866 serpentine habitat by nearly 20 percent profound effect upon the local flora and in the past 20 years (McCarten 1987bl. (see ADDRESSES section). vegetation. Several serpentine The construction of roads, houses. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: communities are found in the San recreational facilities, and waste Background Francisco Bay region (McCarten 1987b). disposal sites continues. The increasing Grassland and annual forb communities Cordylanthus tenuis SSp. capt//arcs. numbers of people also place an ever (serpentine bunchgrass grassland and greeter strain on undeveloped Ca/ochortus tiburor,ensis, Castilleja serpentine wildflower field) tend to negiec!a. Streptanthus. niger, Clwi,a wildland.s, through activities such as occur on level ground or on gentle pedestrian and off-road vehicle traffic, franciscana, Cirsium font:nale var. slopes with soils to 1 meter (m) (3 feet fontinale. Eriophyllurn Iutiiobu,n, unauthorized garbage dumping, and (fi)) or morein depth. Shrub changes in the pattern of wildiand fires. I!esperolirion congesturn, Pentachaeta communities (Franciscan serpentine hellidiflom, Ceanothusferrisae, Dudleya Serpentine habitats, because of their coastal scrub, mixed serpentine often limited vegetative cover, may .setchellii, and Streptan thus albidus ssp. chaparral, and Sargent cypress nfbidus are endemic to serpentine soils appear to the uninitiated as unoccupied woodlands) tend to occur on steep rocky space. and so they are especially likely in the region of the San Francisco Bay slopes with shallow soils. In some areas, :n California. Serpentine soils are to be subject to disturbances. soil development is minimal and parent Recreational activities may directly der~iedfrom ultramafic rocks such as rock is extensively exposed. These impact plants. or may result in serpentinite, dunite. and peridotite. serpentine barrens support a distinctive which are found in discontinuous community composed of only a few increased erosion and facilitate the invasion of alien species including cutcrnps in the Sierra Nevada and in the species, usually growing at low Coast Ranges from Santa Barbara densities. Another unique habitat on many introduced annual grasses County, Califorma, to British Columbia. serpentine soiLs occurs near seasonal common in California. Competition with introduced species is a serious The chief constituent of the parent rock springs and seeps, which support a some variant of iron-magnesium species requiring moist soil. Most of the threat to serpenune natives (McCar-ten s:iic.ate. Most serpentine soils are 12 species proposed in this rule occur 1987b1. The destruction of serpentine formed in place over the parent rock. in the serpentine bunchgrass grassland habitats due to urban development has and are therefore shallow, rocky. and and serpentine wildflower field also increased the fragmentation of rare highly erodible. Serpentine soils also, communities. Cirsium fontin ale var. plant populations. thus increasing the because of the parent material, tend to Jonfinale occurs in serpentine seep risks of extinction due to chance events h,ave high concentrations of magnesium. areas. Cordylanthus tenuis ssp. such as fire, pest or disease outbreaks. chromium. and nickel, and low capiliaris and Ceanothus ferriso.e occur reproductive failure, or other natural or concentrations of calcium, nitrogen, in chaparral, as do a few populations of human-caused disaster. potassium, and phosphorus (Kruckeberg Hespemlinon congestum. Dudleya The land that supports these 12 taxa 19841. These characteristics make setchellii and Streptanthus a/bidus ssp. is owned by cities and counties, State s~’rpentinesoil inhospitable for the albidus are found on serpentine barrens. and Federal agencies, parks, two water gr~.wthof most plants. Nevertheless. Eriophylium Satilobum grows on districts and private parties. Federal Register / Vol. 57, No. 240 I Monday, December 14. 1992 I Proposed Rules 59055

Discussion of the Twelve Species Calochortus tiburonensis (Tiburon Castilleja neglecta occurs in Proposed for Listing maniposa lily) was discovered in 1971 serpentine bunchgrass commnunit:es Co by Robert West on Ring Mountain on North Bay Spec-es north to west facing slopes. It is known the Tiburon Peninsula in Mann County, from four populations ~niMann Ccont.. Cord~1anthustenuis SSp. c~pd!anis Califorrna. Albert Hill collected the type three of which occur on the Tiburon ~Penlls birds beak) was collected by specimen on Ring Mountain the Peninsula, and one population in ~~an3 Herbert Mason about 3 k~iometens~km) following year. and published the County. The range of this plant is ~2mijes) nnnn of Occidental in Sonorna description in 1973 (Hill 1973). approximately 50 km (30 miles) from County, Cd~ifornia,in 1946. 1-r~ncis Colochortus tiburonensis is a bulbous east to west, and 35 km (22 miles) ~rr;n Whitt~er~ i~-scr:5edthe plant as perennial of the lily family (Liliaceae) north to south. Population sizes a~e Cordvlanrhuc c3pn~!cric~n 19~O,using with a single persistent, basal, linear- small, ranging from 50 plants at a Mason’s specirn cmi as ~he~vpe Pennell oblong 30—60 cm (1—2 R) long. The location in western Mann Counvv 1950). Penneil was m:s~edby an flowering stem, about 50 cm (20 in) tall, (Martin 1991) to 600 plants at Ring erroneous label to think that the plants is usually branched and bears erect Mountain Preserve on the Tiburon had been collected in Merced County in twos or threes at the ends of Peninsula (Hunter 1989a). A total of Bacigalupi 1966), which may have the branches. The three and three approximately 1,500 plants exist. The affected his treatment of the taxon are light yellow-green with Mann County populations are ~Chuengand Heckard 1986). Artificial reddish or purplish-brown markings. threatened by residential developmner~u, hybridization studies of C. bnjnneus The capsule is triangular in cross- foot traffic, grazing, and soil slumping; and C. capiii’cns (Chuang and Heckard section, and about 4cm (2 in) long. The the Napa County population is 1975) showed a close relationship long slender hairs on the upper surface threatened by gravel mining and between the two plants. The name C. and margins of the petals and the lack grazing. brunneus SSp. capillaris was proposed of wings on the capsule distinguish Streplanthus niger (Tiburcn ~orC. capillacis by Chuang and Heckard Ccilochortus triburonensis from the jewelflower) was described ~y Ed~~ard (Heckard 1977) but was never formally other two Colochortus species found on L. Greene, who cited as the type a published, in 1986 Chuang and Heckard specimen he had collected at St. published a revision of the , in the Tiburon Peninsula, C. urnbellatus and C. Iuteus. Hilary’s Church in the town of Tiburon which both C. brunneus and C. in Mann County (Greene 1886a). Greena capillaris were treated as subspecies of Colochortus tiburonensis is known only from its type locality, where it later redefined the limits of Eucli,sic, C. tenuis (Chuang and Heckard 1986). grows on rocky serpentine slopes among formerly a subgenus of Streptcinthus, Cordvianthus tenus ssp. capiiinris is treating it as a genus in its own right annual and perennial herbs and grasses. a branching herbaceous annual of the (Greene 1904). Streptanthus niger, as a snapdragon family (Scrophulaniaceae). The population. estimated at 40,000 individuals in 1991 (Larry Serpa. The member of the Euclisia group, was thus The plant grows 30—40 centimeters (cm) referred to as Euclisia niger. Jepson Nature Conservancy, pers. comm., 112—16 inches (in)) tail, with yellow- 1992), occurs on land which has been (1925) returned Euc!isia ~osuhsect~nmi green hairless herbage that becomes status, and later authors followed his owned and managed by The Nature purplish with age. The are entire, treatment. Munz treated S. niger as a or those ofthe primary stem three- Conservancy since 1982. The subspecies of S. glandulosus in A parted, and threadlike. The floral occurrence of this plant in a single California Flora (1959), and then are three-parted up to two-thirds of their population and its proximity to human returned it to S. niger in his supplement length. with fine marginal hairs on population centers and intensive (1968), following Kruckeberg (1958). bracts and calyx. The tubular corolla is development activities renders it Streptanthus niger is an annual herb 1.5 cm (0.6 in) long, and garnet-brown vulnerable to catastrophic events such of the mustard family (Brassicaceae) *~‘nit laterally, paler dorsally. Each capsule as fire, disease or pest outbreak, severe reaches 30—60 cm (1—2 ft) in height. The contains 10~—I6seeds. The three-lobed drought, or other natural or human- lower leaves are toothed, the upper outer bnacts of C~rdyIanthustenuis ssp. caused disasters. leaves less toothed or not at all. The copillaris distinguish it from its nearest The type specimen of Castilleja sepals are a very dark purple; the pera~s relative (C. tenths ssp. bninneus) and negiecta (Tiburon paintbrush) was have a purple claw and a white blade from C. pilosus. another Cordylonthus collected by Katherine Brandegee in the with a purple midvein. The zig-zag found ~nthe area. A further early 1900s. The plant was described by infiorescence pattern and the lack of disOnguishirig character is that C. Zeile (1925) in Willis Jepson’s Manual hairs distinguish S. niger from i’s near pilosus is densely hairy throughout. of the Flowering Plants of California. relative S. glandulosus. Cordvianrhus ~enuisSSp. ccipillaris is Castiiieja negiecta is a semi-woody Streptanthus nigeris found on known only from two locations: the type perennial of the snapdragon family shallow rocky serpentine soils on !ocality in western Sonoma County and (Scrophu}ariaceae), with erect, branched southwest-facing slopes on the Tiburori a second occurrence a few miles to the stems 30—60 cm (1—2 ft) tall and a sparse Peninsula of Mann County. Two west. A third population may occur on covering of soft, spreading hairs. The populations are known from the property adjacent to the second lance-shaped leaves have one or two southern end of the peninsula where location, but permission for botanical pairs of narrow lobes. The conspicuous they occur within 3 km (2 miles) of one surveys on that property has been floral bracts are yellowish and another. Populations number from 50 to consistently refused (Betty Guggolz, sometimes red-tipped; the flowers are 2,000 plants (Hunter 1989b; Andrew Milo Baker Chapter, California Native yellow to red and 18—20 millimeters Allen, Belvedere-Tiburon Landmarks Plant Society, pers. comm., 1992). The (mm) (0.7—0.8 in) long. The simple Society, in litf.. 1991). The plant is total number of plants fluctuates from (unbranched) hairs and the lack of threatened by residential development. year to year, as is typical of annual glands below the foot traffic, and road construction. plants. C. tenuis ssp. capillan’s is distinguish C. negiecta from other threatened with potential residential species of Castilleja on the Tiburon Central Bay Species development, garbage dumping, and Peninsula (C. latifolia var. rubra and C. The type specimen of Clorkia roadside maintenance. foliosa) (Howell 1970). franciscana (Presidio clarkia) was 59056 Federal Register / Vol. 57, No. 240 / Monday. December 14, 1992 / Proposed Rules collected by Peter Raven in 1956. C. and shade from native and introduced collected by A.A. Heller in 1907. The f”anciscana was described by Harlan shrubs and trees. plant was described by Per Axel Lewis and Peter Raven (1958). Cirsium fontinale var. fontin ale Rydberg (1915). E. lab)obum is believed Clarkiafmnciscana is a slender, erect. (fountain thistle) was first described as to have originated as a hybrid between herbacecus annual of the evening. Cnicusfontinalis (Greene 1886b). In E. con fertiflorurn arid E. Janatum var. primrose family (Onagraceae) to 40 cm 1892 Greene reassigned the plant to the aruchnoideum (Munz 1959; John (16 in) tall with few, very small and genus Carduus (Greene 1892). Willis Mooring, Santa Clara University, pers, na.rrow leaves. The lavender-pink petals Jepson. in his Flora of Western Middle comm. 1992). have a lighter basal potion and a California (1901), put the taxon in the Eriophyilum iatiloburn is a bushy ccddish-purple basal spot The slender genus Cir~ium.In 1938 John Thomas perennial of the aster family capsule is 2—4 cm )1—2 in) long. Clarkia Howell described a close relative of the () with leafy stems 30—40 cm fmnciscana can be distir.~uishedfrom fountain thistle, Cirsium fontinale var. (12—16 in) high. The upper surfaces of Clarkia ruhicunda, a related species obispoense (Charm Creek bog thistle) the deeply three-cleft leaves are a which may occur in the same area, by (Howell 1938). According to the rules smooth dark green and the lower the fact that its petals have irregular for botanical nomenclature, when a new surfaces are covered with densely teeth on the apical margin (C. rubicunda variety is described in a species not interwoven white hairs. The golden has petals that are rounded at the apex). previously divided into infraspecific heads are borne in loose clusters. CJai-kja fmnciscana is restricted to taxa, a “type” variety is automatically E. latilobum differs from E. serpentine soils in grassland created. In this case, the type variety is confertiflorum in having eight ray communities in San Francisco and C. fontinale van. fontinale. flowers rather than five, large flower Alameda Counties. Two populations are Cirsium fontinaie var. fon~.t~aJeis an heads, and a more open inflorescence. known from the Presidio in San herbaceous perennial of the aster family E. lanatum var. cirachnoideum differs Francisco. Three populations are known (Asteraceae) with several stout, erect from the other two species in having 13 from the Oakland Hills in Alameda reddish stems 30—60 cm (1—2 ft) high. ray flowers and shallowly cleft leaves. County, 27km (17 miles) east of San The base! leaves are 10—20 cm (4—8 in) Eriophyllum latilobum is found in Francisco, and all from within 0.6 miles long with spine-tipped lobes; the leaves shaded moist sites on steep grassy or of each other. A fourth population in the on the stems are smaller. The flowers sparsely wooded slopes of serpentine- Oakland Hills was reported in 1988 are dull white to pinkish, becoming influenced soil. The single remaining (California Department of Fish and brown with age. The egg-shaped. occurrence of E. latilobum consists of a Game, Natural Diversity Data Base), but recurved bracts beneath the flower head few hundred plants scattered along 4 could not be relocated in a search distinguish Cirsiurnfontinale van. km (2.5 miles) of Crystal Springs Road conducted in 1991 (David Bigham, East fontinale from the most similar thistle in in Sen Mateo County. These Bay Chapter. California Native Plant the area, brownie thistle (Cirsiuni subpoputations are probably the Society, in Iitt., 1991). Population sizes quercetorurn). The nearest relative ofC. fragments of a once-continuous fluctuate greatly; the upper limit to the fontinale var. Jontinaie, Cirsium population. E. latilobum has also been total numbers of plants reported in fontinale var. obispoense, is found reported from southern San Mateo recent years is approximately 8,000 further south, in San Luis Obispo County, on Pescadero Road southwest of plants. The first of the Alameda County County. La Honda, but this report is most likely populations was discovered in 1980 at Cirsium font.inode var. fantinale is erroneous. At least one of the specimens the Redwood Regional Park. Because restricted to perpetually moist clay collected at this site (in 1929) is actually this discovery occurred so long after the openings in riparian or serpentine Eriophylium confertiflorum (Barry original discovery of the plant, and chaparral. Historically, this plant Prigge, University of California, Las because this population was relatively occurred in both San Matec and Santa Angeles herbarium, pers. comm., 1992), far from the previously known Clara Counties, but it is now found in and searches in recent years have found population at the Presidio, it was only three locations in San Mateo only Ericphyllum confertifiorum (Toni suggested that this population might not County. One population of 1,000—2,800 Corelli, Santa Clara Valley Chapter, be a natural occurrence. This suggestion plants occurs east of Crystal Springs California Native Plant Society, pers. gained credence from the fact that seed Reservoir, cn both sides of Interstate comm., 1992). The plant is threatened collected from the type location in 1964 280. A second population of 100—200 by erosion and soil slippage, road had been sown in the East Bay Regional plants occurs 10 km (6 miles) to the maintenance, garbage dumping. and Parks Tilden Botanic Garden and plants south in the “Triangle area.” a recreational development. grown there for several years (Roof triangular piece of land west of The type specimen of Hesperolinon 1971). Seed collected from plants at the Edgewood County Park, which is congesturn (Maria dwarf-flax) was botanic garden had been sown in several bounded by Interstate 280 to the east, collected in Mann County by Henry sites at the Presidio in 1972 (Roof 1972). Edgewood Road on the north, and Nicholas Bolander in 1863, while It was thought that seed might also have Canada Road on the west. A single plant working on the State Geological Survey. been sown at Redwood Regional Park in was found in Edgewood County Park in Asa Gray described the new species as Alameda County. However, an 1987. In 1992, there was still only one Linum congestum. including it in the electrophoretic comparison of the San plant in this location (Susan Sommers. section Hesperolinon which he Francisco and Alameda populations Santa Clara Valley Chapter. California described in the same paper (Gray strongly suggests that the Oakland Native Plant Society, pers. comm., 1865). 1K. Small (1907) established Hills population did not origin ate by 1992). The taxon is threatened by Hesperolinon as a distinct genus in seed transfer from San Francisco, and proposed recreational development, 1907. Jepson (1925) treated that it must be regarded as indigenous competition with alien plant species. Hesperolinon as a section of the genus to its present locality” (G.ottheb and garbage dumping, and roadside Linuni, and treated H. congestum as a Edwards 1992). C. fronciscana is maintenance. subspecies of L. caiifornicurn. Helen K. threatened by potential development, Eriophyllum tatilobum (San Mateo Sharsmith (1961) conducted an roadside maintenance, foot traffic, woolly sunflower) was first collected by extensive study ofHesperolinon and mowing. competition from alien plants. Elmer in 1903. The type specimen was concluded that it definitely warrants Federal Register / Vol. 57, No. 240 / Monday, December 14. 1992 / Proposed Rules 59057 distinction as a separate genus. She also County. Historically, P. bellidiflara was caespitosa var. paniculata, which he returned H. congesum to the status of known from at least nine sites in Mann, had collected from Morrison Canyon a species. San Mateo, and Santa Cruz Counties. near what is now Fremont. Britton and Hespe.rolinon congestu.m is an The other populations have been Rose (1903) elevated both taxa to full herbaceous annual of the flax family destroyed by urbanization, off-rood species and transferred them to the () with slender, threadlike vehicles, or highway construction over newly-created genus Dudieya. stems, 10—40 cm (4—16 in) tall. The the past 50 years (Robison and Moray Subsequently, Dudleyu setchelili wss leaves are lir.ear. The flowers are borne 1992b). As is common among annual variously treated as Cotyledon sitch~ll~i in congested clusters; the pedicels are plants, the size of this population (Fedde 1904), Echeveria setchellil 0.2—2 mm ( 01- 08 in) long. The sepals fluctuates dramatically from year to (Nelson and Macbride 1913), and are hairy and the five petals are rose to year. Numbers have ranged from 10.000 Echeveria Juxa var. setchel)ii (Jepson whitish. The anthers are deep pink to to just under 100 million In the last 10 1936). Reid Moran (1959) combined the purple; this character helps distinguish years. with about 1.5 millIon plants material referred to as Dudleya setcheihi H. congesturn from H. coiifornicum. growing in each of the last 2 years (Zoe and D. pan.icuJata in D. cymo.sa sap. found in the same geographic area, Chandik, Santa Clara Valley Chapter. set cheilji. Kei Nakal (1987) separated which has white to rose anthers, as well California Native Plant Society, pars. the two entities into D. cymosa sap. as hairless sep.als. Two other species comm., 1992). The spades is threatened po.niculata and D. cymosa ssp. setchellii that are found in the same region are H. by recreational development. on the basis of leaf shape, inflorescence r.iicranthujn arid H. spergulinum. They South Bay Species branching patterns, and length. differ from H. congestum in having Jim Sante) contends that D. selciiellii hairless sepals and a long, open Ceanothus ferriso.e (coyote ceanothas) should not be placed within D. cymosa. influrescence, with pediceLs 2—25 mm was collected in 1917 by LeRoy Abrama, and is in fact intermediate to D. cymosa (.08—1 in) long. professor ofbotany at Stanford and D. abramsii (Jim Bartel, U.S. Fish 1-fesperolinon congestu.m is endemic Univerity, on Madrone Springs Road and Wildlife Service, pars. comm., to serpentine soils from Mann County above Coyote Creek, in Santa Clara 1992). His forthcoming treatment of south to Sen Mateo County, a range of County. The species was described in Dudieya retains Nakai’s D. cymosa sap. 80 km (50 miles). Two populations are 1933 by Howard E. McMinn (McMinn parucukita and resurrects Britton and found in serpentine chaparral; the 1933), professor of botany at Mills Rose’s D. setchellij for the Santa Clara others occur in serpentine bunchgrass College and author of An Illustrated ‘4alley dudleya (Bantel in press). habitat. There are six populations Manual ofCalifornia Shrubs. Uudkya setcheilii is a low-growing known from Mann County, one from Ceanothus ferrisae is an erect perennial of the stonecrop family San Francisco County, and seven from evergreen shrub of the buckthorn family (Crassulaceee) with fleshy, glabrous San Mateo County. Populations (Rhamnaceae) that grows 1—2 m (3—6 R) leaves. The oblong to triangular, slightly fluctuate in size from hundreds to high; with long stiff divergent branches. glaucous leaves are 3—8 cm (1—3 in) long thousands of plants (Robison and Moray Its round leaves are dark green and and 7—IS mm (0.3—0.6 in) wide. Two or 1992a). The species is threatened with hairless on the upper surface, lighter three flowering stems ascend to heights residential and recreational green with minute hairs below. The leaf of 5—ZOom (2—8 in) in mid to late development. foot traf~c,and margins have short teeth or sometimes spring. The pale yellow petals are 8-13 competition from alien species. no teeth at all; the leaf base is abruptly mm (0.3-0.5 in) long. There are two Pentachoeta bellidiflora (white-rayed tapering or rounded. The small white related species in the are.. D. cymosa pentachaeta) was first collected in flowers are borne in dusters 1.3-2.5 cm asp. cymosa has bright yellow to red 1853—54 near Carte Madera by John (0.5—1 in) long. The seed capsules are 7— petals rather than pale yeUow, and is Milton Bigelow, surgeon and botanist 9 mm (.3-35 in) in width and have therefore easily distinguished from D. for a railway route exploration (Van three conspacuous apical horns. The setcheilii with Its pale yellow flowers. Horn 1973). The plant was described as related C, cuneatus has entire leaves D. cyniosa sap. paniculata can be Pen tachaeta bellidiflora (Greene 1885). with wedge-shaped (not rounded) bases distinguished from D. setcheliii by its Keck (1958) transferred the entire genus and seed capsules only 5-6 mm (.2 in) oblong to oblenceolate leaves (in to Chaezopappa. Van Horn (1973) wide. contrast to the oblong-triangular leaves studied Chaetopappa and Pentachaeta Ceanothusferrisoe grows on dry of D. setchellii), its greater degree of and concluded that the two genera are slopes in serpentine chaparral. It is rebranching of the infloreacence not closely related. Based on differences known from only three locations, all branches, and its lon~erpedicels. in floral and vegetative morphology and within 6 km (4 miles) of each other, in Dudieya setchellii is restricted to chromosome number, Van Horn Santa Clara County. Fewer than 6,000 rocky outcrops within serpentine r~nstatsdthe genus Pentachaeta. plants are known to exist. It was thought grasslands in Santa Clara County. It is Pentrjchaeta bellidiflora is a small at one time to occur in both San Mateo found only in the Coyote Valley area, annu,~dplant of the aster ~mily and Santa CruzCounties as well, but from San Jose south about 30 km (20 (Aster~ceae)with one or a few branches these reports have been found to be miles) to San Martin, at elevations of that hear narrow, linear leaves. Each erroneous (Corelli 1991). The existing 100—300 m (300—900 ft). V. cymosa sap. flower head has numerous yellow disk populations are threatened by paniculata ranges from Contra Costs flore~sand 5 to i~white to purplish ray residential and recreational County to Fresno and Monterey florets. The are tawny. coarse- development and unauthorized Counties; the reports of Moran’s haired achenas (dry one-seeded fruits). dumping. combination D. cyalosa sap. setchellii Related species in the San Francisco The type specimen of Dudieya from Alameda, Contra Costa, and San Bay area (P. exilis ssp. exilis and P. setchellii (Santa Clara Valley dudieya) Bonito Counties (Munz 1959, Olson and cis.inoides) differ from P. bellidifiora in was collected by Willis L. Jepson in Lake 1991) reflect the distribution of D. that they have no ray flowers. 1896 on Tulane I-lilt in Santa Clara cymOSO SSp. parncuiata and do not refer Pentachaeia beijidiflora is known County. He described it as Cotyledon to D. setcheLlii as now recognized. Jaxa var. setcheilli (Jepson 1901). At the Fourteen sites and a total of 12,000- only from one location, 1in a serpentine hunchgrass community n San Mateo same time, he described Cotyledon 13,000 plants are known to exist. The 59058 Federal Register / Vol. 57, No. 240 / Monday, December 14, 1992 / Proposed Rules threatened by urbanization and off-road plant is threatened by development. withdrawal of the June 16, 1976, unauthorized dumping, and off-road vehicles. proposal. along with four other proposals that had expired. vehicles. Previous Federal Action Streptanthus albidus ssp. albidus The Service published an updated (Metcalf Canyon ~ewelflower)was first Federal government actions on the 12 notice of review for pLants on December collected in 1887 by Volney Rattan. a plants began as a result of section 12 of 15. 1980 (45 FR 82480). This notice botany teacher and author of an early the Endangered Species Act (Act) of included Calochor’tus tiburonensis, 1973, as amended (16 U.S.C. 1531 et Castilleja neglecta, Ceanothus ernscle, Califoniia flora, from hillsides a few 1 miles south of San Jose. Edward Greene seq). which directed the Secretary of Cirsium [ontinale var. fontinale, Clarkia descnbed S. albidus ssp albidus in the Smithsonian Institution to prepare a franciscano. Cc.rdv!anth us tenuis asp. 1367 (Greene 18871: later he redefined report on those plants considered to be capillaris, Hesperolinon congestum, tl’e limits of Euclisia, formerly a endangered, threatened, or extinct in the Pentochaeta bellidij7ora, Streptanthus subgenus of Streptonthus, treating it as United States. This report, designated as albidus sap. albidus. and Streptanthus a genus ~nits own right (Greene 1904). F-louse Document No. 94—51, was niger as category I candidates for S. olbidus ssp. albidus, as a member of presented to Congress on January 9, Federal listing, and Eriophyllum the Euclisia group, was included in this 1975, end included Cordylanthus tenuis latilobum as a category 2 candidate. change. Jepson (1925) returned Euclisia ssp. capillaris (listed as Cordylanthus Category I taxa are those for which the to subsection status, and later authors bi-unneus SSp. copillans), Calochortus Service has on file substantial followed his treatment. Jepson (1925) tiburonensis, Ceonothus ferrisae, information on biological vulnerability also treated S. albidus ssp. olbidus as a Cirsium fontinale var. fontinale, Clarkia and threats to support preparation of subspecies of S. glandu!osus. franciscana, Hesperolinon congesturn. listing proposals. Category 2 taxa are Kruckeberg published a revision of the Streptanthus olbidus ssp. albidus. and those for which data in the Service’s Stra~ptanthusgiandulosus complex in Streptanthus niger as endangered possession indicate listing is possibly which he recognized the close species and Castilleja neglecta and appropriate, but for which substantial relationships among S. glandulosus, S. Eriephyllum latilobum as threatened data on biological vulnerability and albidus, and S. niger (Kruckeberg 1958). taxo. The Service published a notice in threats are not currently known or on In this paper he notes that the “sharp the July 1, 1975, Federal Register (40 FR file to support proposed rules. On genetic discontinuity between S. albidus 27823) of its acceptance of the report of November 28, 1983, the Service and all other populations, coupled with the Smithsonian Institution as a petition published in the Federal Register a the morpholog~caldistinctness arid within the context of section 4(c)(2) supplement to the Notice of Review (48 regional restriction of S. albidus warrant (petition provisions are now found in FR 39526). This supplement changed the restoration of this Greeneian section 4(b)(3) of the Act) and its Ceanothus ferrisae. Cirsiurn fan finale species.” He recognized two subspecies: intention thereby to review the status of var. fontinale. Pentachaeta bellidiflora, S. albidus SSp. aibidus and S. albidus the plant taxa named therein. The above and Streptanthus albidus ssp. albidus ssp. peramoenus (Kruckeberg 1958). 10 taxa were included in the July 1, from category 1 to category 2 Str’eptanthus albidus asp. albidus is 1975, notice. As a result of that review. candidates. an annual herb of the mustard family on July 16. 1976, the Service published The plant notice was again revised on (Brassicaceae) that reaches up to I m (3 a proposal in the Federal Register (41 September 27, 1985 (50 FR 39526). ~j in height. It has bristly hairs at the FR 24523) to determine approximately Calochortus tiburanensis, Castilleja base, and pale green. strongly glaucous 1.700 species to be neglecta. Clarkia franciscana, stem and leaves. The flowers are borne endangered species pursuant to section Eriophyflum latilobum, Hesperolinon in leafless terminal racemes. The upper 4 of the Act. The list of 1.700 plant taxa congestum. and Streptanthus niger were three of the white to yellow to whitish- was assembled on the basis of included as category I candidates; green sepals are fused, with the lower comments and data received by the Ceanothus ferrisae, Cirsium fontinale (fourth) free and spreading. The Smithsonian Institution and the Service var. fontinale. Cordylanthus ten uis SSp. four petals. 8-11 mm (.3—.4 in) long, are in response to House Document No. 94— capillaris, Pentachaeta bellidiflorr.i. and whitish with light purple veins. The 51 and the July 1, 1975, Federal Streptanthus albidus ssp. albidus were erect flattened pods are 3—8 cm (1—3 in) Register publication. Calochortus included as category 2 candidates. long. The only Streptanthus species tiburonensis, Ceanothus ferrisae, Another revision of the plant notice was likely to co-occur with S. albidus SSp. Cirsium fan tinale var. Jonfinale, Clarkia published on February 21, 1990 (55 FR albidus is its close relative Streptarithus [ranciscana, Cordylanthus ten uis ssp. 6184). In this revision. Castilieja albidus ssp. peramoenus. S. albidus ssp. capillaris (listed as Cordylanthus neglecta, Ceanothus ferrisae, Cirsium perarnoenus is distinguished by its dark brunneus SSp. copillaris). Hesperolinon Jonfinale var. Jon finale, Clarkio purple sepals. congestum, Streptanthus albidus asp. franciscana. Cordylanthus tenuis ssp. Streptanthus albidus sap. albidus has albidus, and Streptanthus niger were capillaris, Dudleya setchellii, always been rare. It is endemic to included in the June 16, 1976, Federal Eriophyllum latilobum, Hesperolinon serpentine outcrops with little soil Register document. congestum, Streptanthus albidus SSp. development. It can be locally General comments received in albidus, and Streptanthus niger were abundant, but its range is limited, response to the 1976 proposal were included as category 1 candidates; extending less than 30 km (20 miles) summarized in an April 26, 1978, Calochortus tiburonensis and from San Jose south to Anderson Lake. Federal Register publication (43 FR Pentachaeta bellidiflora were included which lies northeast of Morgan Hill. 17909). The Endangered Species Act as category 2 candidates. Since the Furthermore, the serpentine outcrops on Amendments of 1978 required that all publication of that notice, additional which S. aibidus SSp. albidus occurs are proposals over 2 years old be information was received on patchily distributed and comprise only withdrawn. A 1-year grace period was Pentachaeta bellidiJ7ora that elevated it a small percentage of the area within its given to those proposals already more to category I status. The Service also re- range. Nine populations and a total of than 2 years old. In the December 10, evaluated the information available for 20.000—25,000 plants have been 1979. Federal Register (44 FR 70796). Calochortus tiburor.ensis and elevated it recorded (McCarten 1992b). The plant is the Service published a notice of to category I status. The Service Federal Register / Vol. 57. No. 240 / Monday, December 14. 19’32 / Proposed Rules 59053 tht’refare believes that sufflcient Greene (white-rayed pentacheeta), Calochortus tib’oronensis is at presert information is now available to support Streptcinthus albidus Greene ssp. protected from development because tha :ne proposed listing of these two albidas (Metcalf Canyon ~ewelflower), land on which it occurs is owned and species. and Stn’ptanthus ni~terGreene (Tiburon managed by The Nature Conservancy, a Section 4(b)(3)(B) of the Endangered ~ewelfiower) are as follows: group whose management goals are the S~ec~esAct, as amended in 1982, maintenance of biodiversity and the A. The Present or Threatened r-’qui~sthe Secretary to make certain protection of rare and endangered d:nt~son pending petitions withi.i 12 Destroct~on,,tfodiuicabon, or Curtail.m?fl( of its Habitat or Range species (Larry Serpa, pars. comm., months of their receipt. Section 2(h)(1) 1’392). The preserve is fenced to reduce o~the 1’382 Amendments further The destruction of habitat through the incidence of off-road vehicle use. r’e-~uiresthat all petitions pending on residential or recrearional development but the cite is still accessible to bicv-~es. 0 t~c~’r13, 1982. be treated as having is the greatest threat fared by these motorbikes, and pedestrians, arid t is ~,-.eii ~wly submitted on that date. This species. The plants are limited to not patroled. The proximity of the the case for Cdlochortus serpentc’.e soils. Serpentine outcrops in preserve to residential areas renders d t.hu-onens~s,Ceronotjiusferrisoe. the are limited; vulnerable to overuse and vandalism. ;rs;ijm fontinale var. fontinale, Clarkia 20 percent of ‘hose outcrops have Furthermore, this preserve, being cmi fin nc~scana,Cordylanthus ten uis ssp. already been eliminated as plant habitat The Nature Conservancy’s list of rapilloris. Hespercilinon congestum, due to development (McCarteri 1087b). potential divesti ‘ures, will transfer S:reptanthus oibidus sap. albidus, The pressure to build more houses, ownership when a suitable organization St.mptcin thus niger, Ciistilleja negiecta. roads, and other facilities for humans is is found to manage it (Larry Sam-pa, pars. md Eriophyiiuni latilobum, because the greet in all the counties under comm., 1992). 1t~75Smithsonian report had been consideration. Serpentine habitats also Cos!illeja negiecta has never been accepted as a petition. On October 13, have been fragmented by the widespread. Three of the five l9~2.the Service found that ihe construction of roads such as Interstate populations occur on the Tikmrori petitioned listing of these species was 280. Habitat fragmentation increases the warranted, but precluded by other Peninsula i.n Macin County, and cne risks of extinction due to chance events occurs in Nape County. A recently pending listing actions, in accordance such as fire, flood, landslide, pest or with section 4(b)~3XB)(iii)of the Act; discovered population on the Golden disease outbreaks, severe drought, or Gate National Recreation Area extends notification of this finding was other natural or human-caused disaster. published on January 20, 1984 (49 FR the known range to western Mann 2485). Such a finding requires the Cordylanthus termuis ssp. capilloris County. Each of the three occurrences has never been known from more than petition to be recycled, pursuant to on the Tiburon- Peninsula has multiple section 4(b}(3)(c)(i) of the Act. The the two populations that occur today. landowners. The Nature Conservancy Ownership of the type locality is mixed; finding was reviewed in October of owns over half of the Ring Mountain 1984, 1985, 1988, 1987. 1988, 1989, part oi the population occurs on the occurrence and the town of Tiburon Harrison Grade Preserve, which is 1990, and 1991. Publication of this owns portions of the occurrence in the proposal constitutes the final finding for owned and managed by the California Middle Ridge area of the peninsula. The the petitioned action. There are no Department of Fish and Came. Habitat remainder of eath of these occurrences pending petilion.s for Pentcjchoeta on the preserve is threatened by is privately-owned. The third bellidiflora or Dudleya setechellii. unauthorized activities such as off-road occurrence on the peninsula is on vehicle use. Plants on private parcels private property near St Hilary’s Summary ofFaCtOrs Affecting the are threatened with potential Church in Tiburon. Development on the Species development. Tiburon Peninsula iz extensive and Sectiun 4 of the Endangered Spedes The second population of rapid. over 60 percent of C negiecta Act (Act) and regulations (50 CFR part Cordylanthus tennis sap. copziJaris habitat has already been destroyed by 424) promulgated to implement the occurs on private property a ~w miles develoj~nent(Hunter 1989s). listing provisions ofthe Act set forth the to the west of the type locality. Plans for Residential development is ongoing on proedures for adding species to the residential development of this site are several parcels of the Middle Ridge Federal lists of threatened and currently under review at the Sonoma occurrence, and proposed for both endangered species. A species may be County Planning Department (Betty parcels at the St. Hils.ry’s occurrence. determined to be an endangered or Guggolz, pars. comm. 1992). The owner The hab,tat at both of these sites is also threatened species due to one or more of this property has been working with threatened by pedestrian traffic. The uf the fi’.e factors described in section the California Department of Fish and plants on Ring Mountain Preserve are 4(3~(1).These factors and their Game to minimize impacts to the protected from development but are appln .:tion to C’aiochortus tiburonensis Cordylanthus tenuis asp. copillo.ris (Ann threatened by sliding of the slope on Hill ITiburon mariposa lily), Castilleja Howald, California Department of Fish which they occur. The toe of’ the slope npg!e.tn Zei~e(Tiburon paintbrush), and Game. pers. co~nm.,1992). Plans was removed to accommodate Ceanothus ferrisae McM.inn (coyote indude the donation of over 40 bederes residential development in the 1960s. ceanothus), Cirsiun, fonLinale jeps. var. (ha) (lix) acres), including C. tenuis aSp. Soil material that slides into the street fontinale (fountain thistle), Clarkia capi!lo.ris habitat, to the county kit use at the base of the slope is removed by franciscana Lewis and Raven (Presidio as a park (Betty Guggolz, pers. comm.. the City of Curt. Madera, and the slope clarkia), Cordy!anthus tenuis Gray sap. 1992). This donation may afford continues to slump. Managers from The capillaris (Penn.) Chuarig and Heck. protection to part ofthe second Nature Conservancy estimate that (Penneil’s bird’s beak), Dudieyo population of C. termuis sap. capiikmns, approximately one-third of the setchellii (Santa Clara Valley dudleya), but since the transfer has net yet taken population is at risk (Lynn Loner, pens. Eriophyilum latiloburn Rydb. (San place and no plans have been made for comm., 1992). The Nape County Matec woolly sunflower), Hesperolinon protection of the plant on this new park. population occurs on private property congestum (A. Gray) Small (Mann the population still should be near a grevel quarry. Although quarry dwarf-fla.x), Penta,cb.o,eta bellidiJloro considered threatened by development. expansion plans that would result in the c 59060 Federal Register / Vol. 57. No. 240 / Moiiday, December 14. 1992 / Proposed Rules destruction of more than 80 percent of Reservoir and north of State Highway which is likely erroneous (specimen the population are no longer being 92. along both sides of Interstate 280. It misidentified, according to Barry Pnigge. actively pursued, the potential for occurs partly on San Francisco Water pars. comm., 1992). The single expansion still exists. Department land and partly on a remaining population consists of about Streptanthus niger is an extremely California Department of Transportation 300 plants that occur along 4 kin (2.5 narrowly-distributed species; its entire right-of-way. Given its proximity to the miles) of Crystal Springs Road in San range amounts to less than one-third of roadside, it is likely to be affected by Mateo County. Seventy-five percent of a square mile Urban development has any highway projects in the area. Major the plants occur within 9 m (30 ft) of the destroyed over 40 percent of potential S realignments of Highway 92 were road, where land ownership is poorly r.iger habitat (Hunter lbaOb). Both of the planned several years ago. but the plans defined (McGuire 1992). The City of two known occurrences have multiple have been abandoned due to lack of Hilisborough. the County of San Mateo, .dr,iowners. The town of Tiburon owns funding (Richard Vonarb, California and the San Francisco Water coitcos of the occurrence on the Department of Transportation. pers. Department have varying jurisdictions MdWe Ridge of the peninsula, and the comm., 1992). They could be revived. over the land. The steep slopes along occurrence at St Fii~ary’sChurch in however, if funding should become Crystal SprIngs Road provide a very Th’jrcn is owned in part by the Tiburon available. At present. a smaller project unstable habitat for E. latIoburn. The Landmark Society. The remainder of to widen Highway 92 east of the slopes are sub~ectto erosion and sd) each of these two occurrences is reservoir causeway is under review. slippage. After soil slippage occurs, road privately-owned. Residential Provision fur the removal of water from maintenance crews remove the slumped development is ongoing at several the increased road surface may soil, which may contain mature carcels of the Middie Ridge occurrence, adversely affect some of the plants. The individuals, seedlings, and/or seeds of and proposed for both parcels of the St California Department of Transportation the E. latilobum. The road cut is then Hi:a~’soccurrence. Habitat at both of is aware of the plant locations and reshaped. which may damage plants these sites is also threatened by vulnerability. The proposed remaining on the banks. The proposed ?edestnan traffic. construction of multi-use recreational construction of the San Matco Creek Ciorkia franciscana was once though tr3iis on San Francisco Water Trail (McGuire and Money 1992) would to be restricted to the Presidio in San Department land presents an additional have adverse impacts on the plant if Francisco County. but about 10 ~‘ears threat. Trail construction would trail design does not incorporate plant ago a population was discovered in threaten the plants through direct conservation. The paved trail, which is Alameda County in the Oakland hills, destruction of the habitat or through 3 m (10 ft) wide, is expected to run The two populations in San Francisco modification of hydrologic regimes. adjacent to Crystal Springs Road from County occur at the Presidio, currently Because C. fontinale var. Jontinale is Skyline Boulevard tO the San Mateo C;ty owned by the U.S. Department of dependent upon seeps and springs to boundary. Construction of the trail Defense. These populations are provide abundant soil moisture, any could damage or eliminate colonies of E threatened by habitat degradation. The disruption in the flow of water (such as latilobum, alter site hydrology. Army has plans to fence rare plant that caused by road, trail, or drain accelerate soil erosion through habitat on the Presidio; at present. construction) would threaten the plants. increased pedestrian and bicycle traffic. however, pedestrian and mountain A second and substantially smaller and allow for the introduction of bicycle traffic on and near casually population of Cirsium Jon tinale var. aggressive alien plant species. established ‘social trails’ threatens the fontinale occurs in the “Triangle” west Fourteen populations of Hesperolincri habitat. Ownership of the Presidio is of Interstate 280. One to two hundred congestum still exist. One Mann County expected to be transferred from the plants have been observed on San population is protected at The Nature Army to the National Park Service Francisco Water Department lands; an Conservancy’s Ring Mountain Preserve. within a year. The Presidio represents a outlying colony of about 25 plants Two relatively small populations occur significant natural and cultural resource occurs on an easement held by the on land owned by the Mann Municipal within San Francisco city limits, and is California Department of Water District. Another small expected to be widely promoted by the Transportation. This colony occupies a population is found in the Golden Gate Park Service and heavily used by smaller territory in 1992 than it has in National Recreation Area above Nicasio , isitors (Tern Thomas, Golden Gate previous years (Susan Sommers, pens. Reservoir. A fifth population occurs in National Recreation Area, pets. comm., comm., 1992). The plants on Water part on a small preserve at St. Hilary’s 1992). The increase in visitation after Department land are threatened by Church, and in part on private land transfer to the Park Service will increase proposed trail construction, as which recently has been proposed for the negative impact of traffic on C. discussed for f-lesperolinon congestum. development (Robison and Morey (rnncjacona. In addition, a general management plan 1992a). The sixth Mann County site is The three populations of Clarkia for the Water Department lands the Middle Ridge area of the Tiburon francisccno in Alameda County are all currently is being developed (Ed Peninsula, on which occur a few threatened by alien species (see Factor Stewart, San Francisco Water scattered groups of plants. Some plants El. The smallest of the three, consisting Department pets. comm., 1992). which grow on land designated as open space of 30 plants (Olson 1991c) occurs on an may include the possibility of golf by the city of Tiburon. The remainder of undeveloped site that bears a sign course construction at the Triangle. the plants occur on private land and are offering custom-built homes. The single specimen of Cirsium threatened by ongoing or proposed One occurrence of Cirsium Jon tinale fontinale var. fontinale in Edgewood residential development. var. fonfinale has been reported from County Park occurs in a drainage ditch One population of Hesperolinon Santa Clara County, but the site is beside a trail. Clearing of the ditch to congestunl is known from San Francisco thought to have been destroyed by improve or maintain drainage could County. This occurrence is threatened urbanization (Niehaus 1977). The three damage or destroy this plant or any by foot traffic. remaining populations grow in San seedlings it may produce. In San Mateo County. three Mateo County. The largest population Enophyilum latilobum has been populations of Hesperolinon congestum occurs to the east of Crystal Springs reported from only two locations, one of are known to occur on private property. Federal Register / Vol. 57, No. 240 / Monday, December 14, 1992 / Proposed Rules 59061

These plants are threatened by proposed been experimenting with the use of C. 1992) but specific plans have not set development and by the consequences ferrisae for revegetation projects. The been developed. of recently completed development. third population. consisting of B. Overutilizatian for Co,-rrrrerror.!, such as trarn~ling,trash dumping, and approximately 500 plants (Coreili 1989) Recreational, Sc:entiftc, Cr Educato no; hanges in hydrology caused by occurs on private land scheduled for Purposes ~ runoff (Rob~sonand Mcrev development. 19O2-~ T’.vo poou!aticns occur on Dudle’,a setche/Iji aiways has been Overutiltzation is not currently .‘.‘.‘n~jby the Sari Francisco Water restricted to the Coyote Valley area of known to be a factor for any of the 2 nt Th.~irhah~tati~!hreat~ned Santa Clara County. Eleven of the 14 plants. but unrestricted coUectin~for .~ ~d on motion ci tra.s in populations are on private land and are scientific or horticultural purpcses or ‘‘e -~atecsh’~dThe cc’:nction of these subpart to various levels of threat due to excessive visits by tndi~iduals tr~,lsand ‘tie ai’;cog fences may developm’~nt.The three northeimmost interested in seeing rare plants couid roo~eH~spero!non o~’~esturn populations, which occur in result from increased public;tv as a t~ooatTwo) populations occur at ~outheas~ernSan Jose, and ‘he three result of this proposal. Calochcrtu.c ~Td~ewoodCc,Lntv Park and have been southenomost populations. whtch occur tiburonensis is a str~kinglvunusual direatened by ttie proposed construction in the area around Morgan Hill. are at member of a much-collected genus of a golf nourse at the park. On May 5, greatest risk. These areas are developing Enophyllurn iat:lohurn.wuh itS shcwv i~~92.the county board of supervisors especially rapidly, and all six sttes have golden flowers and proximity to roads ‘,:oted to declare Edgewood County Park been proposed for development at one and the proposed San Matco Creek oat. .i natural preserve. This designation will time or another. Two of the central might prove to be especiaii~temp. rg provide guidance to park personnel in populations also are threatened with collectors. Dudieyo setchelii is also determining uses of the :ark, but it has imminent development, including vulnerable because of the hor’.icuit..rsi no enforcement pro’.nswns, and can be reshiorttial development arid road appeal of succulents and the slow aked by a vote of the hoard of construction. One central population, growth of the plants. The r.~na~n.c~ pervisors. due to its proximity to an off-road plants are usually not spect000,ar ri Pentachaeta he!!:th/7ora historically motorcycle park, may he threatened by flower, but may nonetheless apoea to inged from Nicrin County to Santa Cruz off-read motorcycle traffic and collectors because of the~rrar~tv unauthorized dumping. The remaining County. Three populations in Mann C. Disease or Predation County and two in San Mateo County two populations that occur on private .sere destro~edby urbanization. One land are on the grounds of the IBM Both horses and deer have h—art Mario County occurrence was destroyed Bailey Avenue laboratory. The company reported to browse on Cordylon:.’nas by off-road vehicles. Two sites in Santa apparently plans to preserve the habitat tenuis ssp. capzllar~s,but the number of Cr’oz County no lan~ersunpc.il P. (McCarten 1992a). Three populations plants damaged generally appears to ~e .~o1/idij7ora(Rc’bison and Marcy 1992b). occur on land owned by Santa Clara minimal (Lynn Lazier. pars. comm The single remaining population of P. County. Of these, two populations occur 1992). Cattle grazing hac beer, reported i;”lhdif?ora was bisected by the in county parks. The final population to threaten the western ~ population of Castille a negiecoa lNfan.o ciustriiCt?On of Caiiioruia Interstate 280 occurs on county-owned land that is 1 ri the late 1960s. The largest portion of slated for the construction of a jail and 1991) and a portion of the Ame.oan the population occurs tn the Triangle. an animal shelter. The county intends to Canyon occurrence (Hunter lgi3qa). on land adrninist~redby the San avoid the D setcheliii habitat during Another source sUggests, however, that Francisco Water Department. A small construction (Kathy Freas, CH2M Hill, cattle provide little threat to the remnant of this population is located to pers .omm., 1992), but specific plans American Canyon population because the east of Interstate 280. on Edgewood have not yet been developed. the plants occur on a very steep slope County Park. The proposed construction The known historical distribution of (Jake Ruygt, Nape Valley Chapter. of trails on ~V~t~rDepartment land Streptanthus albidus SSp. olbidus is as California Native Plant Society. pens. oreatens the P b~’ihdiflorahabitat. restricted as its current distribution. It is comm., 1992). Ceanothus tern sac is known from found only in the Coyote Valley area of Seed predation by beetle larvae has three populations in Santa Clara Santa Clara Valley, primarily on the east been reported for CirsiurnJontinaie ‘.ar. County. The largest population, side of the valley. Of the 13 documented fontinale (Dean Keich, University of consisting of approximately 5,000 sites, 9 are known to still harbor plants. California, Davis, pens. comm., 19921; plants. oo ore near Anderson Dam. Two populations are known to have however, the extent of the impact of th;s partial); on Santa Clara County Park been extirpated, one by the construction seed predation on C. Jor.tincle var. proper’ ~so partially on private of Anderson Dam. and the other as a fontinale is unknown. Beetle larvae also propen’o 1 :3 county proposes further result of being covered by fill from a have been observed in seed heads of recreational development in the park, housingdevelopment. Two occurrences Eriophyllum latilobum (McGuire and which could threaten the Ceanothus are known from herbarium records only. Moray 1992). ferrisae (Chris Nagano, U.S. Fish and One of these historical sites was D. The Inadequacy of Existing Wildlife Service, pars. comm., 1992). An revisited in 1990, tiut no plants were Regulatory Mechanisms outlying population o~curs3 km (2 found. Streptanthus albidus ssp. aibidus t miles) west on land leased and managed was last observed at the other historical Under the Native Plant Protection Act by a waste management firm. Waste site in 1895. The remaining nine (Division 2. Chapter 10 section 1900 et Management, Inc. and The Nature populations are threatened by seq. of the Fish and Game Code) and Conservancy jointly funded research art impending or potential development. California Endangered Species (Division C. Jerrisue, which was conducted by the Two of these populations occur on 3, Chapter 1.5 section 2050 et seq.), the Center for Conservation Biology. county property on which the California Fish and Game Commission Researchers have found that C. Jerrisae construction of a jail and an animal has listed three of these species (Cirsium is relatively easy to propagate from seed. shelter is proposed. The county intends fontinale var. fontinale, Ciarkia and both Waste Management and the to avoid the Streptanthus habitat during franciscana, and Streptanthus niger) as Santa Clara Valley Water District have construction (Kathy Freas, pers. comm., endangered, two species (Colochortus 59062 Federal Register I Vol. 57. No. 240 .‘ Monday, December 14, 1992 I Proposed Rules

tibumnensis and CastiJIe)’a neglecta) as provide dependable long-term which is poorly defined and close to the threatened, and one species protection for the plants. plant population (McCarten l9~’a) lCordylanthus tenuzs SSp. capillans) as Section 404 of the Clean Water Act Unauthorized dumping of large items rare. The California Fish and Game regulates the placement of dredge and such as bottles, furniture, app liances, Commission recently voted to list two fill materials into waters of the United and cut wood is also a threat. Light other species (Eriophyl!urn latilobum States (including small acreages above disturbance at the Harrison Grade and Pentachacta be/id.’ I7ora) as the headwaters of streams), Under Reserve such as infrequent grading ~f endangered, and one species section 404. nationwide permits, which dirt roads appears to increase the (Hesperolinon ccn9esturn) as undergo minimal public and agency number of C. tenuis sap. capillaris (Lr on threatened. Although both statutes review, can be issued for projects Lozier, The Nature Conservancy. pers prohibit the take’ of State-listed plants involving less than 10 acres of waters of comm , 1992), but higher levels of (Chapter 1.5 section 1908 and Chapter the United States and adjacent disturbance may facilitate the invasion 10 section 2080). State law appears to wetlands, unless a listed species may be of alien species (McCarten 1987a1 and exempt the taking of such plants via adversely affected. Individual permits. result in a decline of C. tenuis ssp habitat modification or land use change which are subject to more extensive capillons. by the landowner. After the California review, are required for projects that Calochortus t~buronensisis Department of Fish and Game notifies a affect greater than 10 acres. threatened, by virtue of its occurrent.e to landowner that a State-listed plant The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers a single population. with chance events grows on his or her property. State law (Corps) is the agency responsible for such as fire, severe drought. pest or requires only that the landowner notify administering the section 404 programs. disease outbreak, landslides, or other the agency “at least ten days in advance The Service, as part of the section 404 natural or human-caused disasters. The of changing the land use to allow review process, provides comments on proximity of the plant to a large human salvage of such plant.” (Chapter 1.5 both pre-discharge notices for population increases the likelihood that section 1913). nationwide permits and public notices human-caused disasters or acts of The California Environmental Quality for individual permits. The Service’s vandalism will affect the plants or their Act (C~A)requires a full public comments are only advisory, although habitat. disclosure of the potential procedures exist for elevation when C’Iarkiafranciscana is threatened by environmental impacts of proposed disagreements between the agencies road maintenance (mowing) at the projects. The public agency with arise. In practice. the Corps’ actions Presidio. Mowing of grassland.s before primary authority or jurisdiction over under section 404 would not adequately the C7arkiafrnnciscana has set seed also the project is designated as the lead protect Cirsium fontinale vat. fontinale. threatens the populations. Populations agency. and is responsible for which occurs in riparian serpentine at the Presidio also are threatened by the conducting a review of the project and seep areas. encroachment of alien plant species, consulting with other agencies Most projects within the range of including Senecio mikaniosdes (German concerned with resources affected by CiI-siumfontinale var. fontinale ivy). Carpobrotus sp. (iceplanit). Ruhus the project. Section 15065 of the CEQA considered in this proposal may require spp. (blackberries), and by natives Guidelines requires a finding of approval from the Corps as curTently planted outside their natural range. sw.h significance if a project has the potential described in section 404 of the Clean as Pin us radiato (Monterey pine) to “reduce the number or restrict the Water Act. Federal listing of this species (California Department of Fish and range of a rare or endangered plant or would ensure greater consideration of Game 1988). The population size at the animal.” Species that are eligible for the effects of permitted actions during type locality increased following listing as rare, threatened, or the review process as well as provide removal ofalien plant species in the late endangered but are not so listed are the protections of section 7 of the Act. 1980s. Constant vigilance and effort is given the same protection as those needed to prevent reinvasion. E. Other Natuml of Manmade Factors At the largest population species that are officially listed with the Affecting its Continued Existence latest report State. Once significant effects are of Clarkia fronciscana. occurring at identified, the lead agency has the As discussed in the “Background” Redwood Regional Park in Alameda option to require mitigation for effects section, the large and still increasing County, consisted of 4.000—5,000 plants through changes in the project or to numbers of people in the San Francisco (Gottlieb and Edwards 1992, Olson decide that overriding considerations Bay area place a great strain on 1991a). The East Bay Regional Park make mitigation infeasible. In the latter undeveloped wildlands. through District is aware of the Clorkia case, projects may be approved that activities such as pedestrian and off- franciscana population and has been cause significant environmental road vehicle traffic and unauthorized taking it into account in their damage, such as destruction of garbage dumping. Disturbance may management plans (Ray Budzinski, East endangered species or their habitat. The directly impact plants; more seriously, it Bay Regional Park District, pens. comm protection of threatened and endangered can increase erosion and allow the 1992). The habitat is threatened by species through CEQA is therefore invasion of alien species such as the competition with annual grasses (Ray dependent upon the good will of the many introduced annual grasses Budzinski, pens. comm., 1992) and other lead agency involved, and in practice common in California. Competition alien plants. including Cortaderia statements of overriding considerations with introduced species is a serious selloana (pampas grass) and Cytisus are commonly prepared. threat to serpentine natives (McCarten monspessulonus (French broom) (Olson Three of the plants occur at Edgewood 1987b). 1991a). The two smaller populations in County Park in San Mateo County. Cordylanthus ter,uis ssp. capillaris Alameda County, consisting of 200 which has recently been designated as growing along roadsides is threatened plants (Olson 199th) and 30 plants a natural preserve. This designation is by roadside maintenance such as (Olson 1991c) respectively, are also intended to encourage management for mowing and spraying (Lynn Lozier, threatened by alien species Cytisus environmental protection, but it can be pens. comm., 1992). Vehicular traffic monspessulanus and Corfaderia revoked by a vote of the county board threatens plants in and near the parking jubatuin. The larger of the two occurs on of supervisors. end therefore does not area at the Harrison Grade Reserve, a roadcut. Federal Register I Vol. 57, No. 240 1 ,Monday. December 14. 1992 / Proposed Rules 59063

The Crystal Springs Reservoir Pentachacta bellidiJlora is potentially and E in “Summary of Factors Affecting population of Cirsium fontinale var. threatened by competition from alien the Species”) and the 12 occur fcntinale is threatened by several plant species; this competition becomes predominantly on private land, the factors. including roadside a problem when the soils are disturbed publication of precise maps and maintenance. The California ‘Robison and Money 1992b). descriptions of critical :~abitatin the Department of Transportation iS aware Ceanothus ferrisae is threatened by Federal Register would make these of the rara pia~tsin this area, and the unauthorized dumping of litter and plants more vulnerable to incidents of ma;nt~n.iocedivision submits cpravLng lar~erdebris at the Anderson dam site. vandalism and, therefore, could p~.3nsfor uternal environmental rev;ew .Streptanthus albidus ssp. a/bides is contribute to the decline of these before ~pra.;tg in the a.roa where plants threatened by dumping and off-road species and increase enforcement are known ~ooccur (Richard Vonarb, motorcycle use. Road maintenance or problems. The listing of these spec.tes as construction threaten populations that i~s comm.., ~iq21. A~ienplants such as endangered or threatened also ~urtadena set/anna have established occur on roadcuts. Grazing threatens publicizes the rarity of these plants and. themselves near the C. fontinale ‘bar. some other populations. thus, can make these plants attracttve to fontinale, and threaten several The Service has carefully assessed the researchers or collectors of rare plants. subpopulations (Zoe Chandik, pens. best scientific and commercial The proper agencies have been notified comm.. 1992). Dumping of garden information available regarding the past, of the locations and importance of debris from households on the ridge present. and future threats faced by protectin~the habitat 61 these species. above the plants covers plants and these species in determining to propose Protection of the habitat of these renders the habitat unsuitable for plant this rule. These 12 plants are endemic species will be addressed through the establishment and growth. It has been to a very specific habitat that occurs in recovery process and through the suggested that C. fontinale var. fontinale scattered outcrops. The rapid urban section 7 jeopardy standard. Therefore, may be threatened with hybridization development in the San Francisco Bay the Service finds that designation of s~ithCirsium quercetorum, but only one region offers the greatest threat to these critical habitat for these plants is not hybrid has been collected in recent plants. They are threatened further by prudent at this time, because such years, so this is not thought to be a the invasion of alien species, roadside designation likely would tncrease the serious problem (Dean Kelch, pens. maintenance, soil erosion and slipping, degree of threat from vandalism. comm., 1992). garbage dumping, livestock grazing, collecting, or other human aclivities. seed predation. and small population Er/op/my//urn Iutmloburn is threatened sizes that increase their vulnerability to Available Conservation Measures by many factors. Dumping of garden chance events such as fire, flood, Conservation measures provided to debris and downhill seepage of drought, pest and disease outbreaks, and species listed as endangered or from homeowners living other natural and human-caused threatened under the Act include above the population may have negative disasters. Ten of the 12 are in danger of recognition, recovery actions. impacts on if. Iatilobum habitat. The extinction throughout all or a part of requirements for Federal protectton. and plant also is threatened by competition (heir range, end the preferred action is prohibitions against certain activities. with alien plants; its habitat is more therefore to list Castilleja neglecta. Recognition through listing encourages densely populated with Corduus sp. and Ceonothus ferrisae, Cirsium fontinale and results in conservation actiotis by Bromus sp. than it was 10 years ago var. fan tinale, Clark/a franciscana, Federal, State, and private agencies. (John Mooring. pers. comm., 1992). Cordylonthus tenuis SSp. cap/i/ar/s. groups, and individuals. The Act Road maintenance also threatens if. Dudleya setcheliii, Eriophyilum provides for possible land acquisition Ioti/oburn. Preemergent herbicide is latilobum, Pen tachaeta bellidiflora, and cooperation with the State and commonly used along the side of the Streptanthus a/bides ssp. albidus, and requires that recovery actions be carried road; drift from herbicide spray may Streptonthus niger as endangered. Two out for all listed species. Such actions damage those plants close to the road. of the twelve are not now in immediate are initiated by the Service following San Matco County road maintenance danger of extinction throughout all or a listing. The protection required of crews were alerted to the existence of E. significant portion of their range. Federal agencies and the prohibitions in 1990, and instructed to However, given the extremely limited against certain activities involving listed as aid the plants by the San Mateo distribution of Calochortus bburonensis, plants are discussed, in part, below. County Planning Department; however, and if appropriate management actions Section 7(a) of the Act requires road maintenance activities are not are not taken to protect Hesperolinon Federal agencies to evaluate their monitored to ensure protection (Roman congestum, these two species are likely actions with respect to any species that Gankin, San Mateo County Planning to become in danger of extinction in the is proposed or listed as endangered or Division, pers. comm. to Ten McGuire, near future. As a result, the preferred threatened and with respect to its Botan;st, California Department of Fish action is~tolist Calochortus t,buronensis critical habitat, if any is being and Game, cited in McGuire and Money and Hesperolinon congestum as designated. Regulations implementing 1992). if. latilobum is not a vigorous threatened. this interagency cooperation provision reproducer; low germination rates and of the Act are codified at 50 CFR part low seedling survival have been Critical Habitat 402. Section 7(aR4) of the Act requires observed under greenhouse conditions Section 4(aR3) of the Act requires Federal agencies to confer with the (John Mooring, in Jiti., 1992. in McGuire that, to the maximum extent prudent Service on any action that is likely to and Money 1992). and determinable, the Secretary jeopardize the continued existence ole Hesperolinon congestum is threatened designate critical habitat concurrently proposed species or result in by the encroachment of native shrubs in with determining a species to be destruction or adverse modification of San Francisco County. In San Mateo endangered or threatened. The Service proposed critical habitat. If a species is County all three populations are finds that designation of critical habitat listed subsequently, Section 7(a)(2) threatened by trash dumping as a is not prudent for these species. Because requires Federal agencies to ensure that consequence of recently completed the 12 plants face numerous activities they authorize, fund, or carry development. anthropogenic threats (see Factors A out are not likely to jeopardize the 59064 Federal Register I Vol. 57. No. 240 / Monday, December 14, 1992 / Proposod Rules continued existence of such a species or wetlands under the jurisdiction of the Public Comments Solicited to destroy or adversely modify its U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. The Service intends that any final critical habitat. If a Federal action may Listing these 12 plants would provide action resulting from this proposal will affect a listed species or its critical for development of a recovery plan (or be as accurate and as effective as habitat, the responsible Federal agency plans) for them. Such plan(s) would possible. Therefore, comments or must enter into formal consultation with bring together both State and Federal suggestions from the public, other the Service. efforts for conservation of the plants. concerned governmental agencies. the Federal activities potentially affecting The plan(s) would establish a scientific community, industry, or any one or more of the 12 plants likely will framework for agencies to coordinate other interested party concerning this involve recreation-related projects and activities and cooperate with each other proposed rule are hereby solicited. perhaps grazing practices on Federal in conservation efforts. The plan(s) Comments particularly are sought land. Populations of 3 of the 12 plants would set recovery priorities and concerning: occur on Federal land, Two populations estimate costs of various tasks necessary (1) Biological, commercial trade, or of Hesperolinon congestum and one of to accomplish them. They also would other relevant date concerning any Castilleja negiecta occur on the golden describe site-specific management threat (or lack thereofl to Cord yianthus Gate National Recreation Area. Two actions necessary to achieve tenuis SSP. copillaris. Calochortus populations of C)arkiafrnnciscana conservation and survival of the 12 tiburonensis, Gastilieja negiecta, occur at the Presidio, on land now serpentine plants. Streptanthus niger. Clark/a franciscana. owned by the Department of Defense Cirsiurnfontinoie var. font/node, and soon to be transferred to the Golden The Act and its implementing Eriophyilum latilobum, Hespero/inon Gate National Recreation Area. regulations found at 50 CFR 17.61. congestum, Pentachaeta bellidiflora, The San Francisco Water Department 17.62, and 17.63 for endangered species Ceonoth us ferrisae. Dudleya setchellil. owns g,300 ha (23,000 acres) of land in and 17.71 and 17.72 for threatened or Streptonthusalbidus SSP. aihidus; San Mateo County. In 1969. a four-party species set forth a series of general (2)The location of any additional agreement among the U.S. Department prohibitions and exceptions that apply populations of these species and the of the Interior, the State of California, to all endangered or threatened plants. reasons why any habitat should or San Mateo County, and the City and With respect to the 12 plants from San should riot be determined to be critical County of San Francisco established Francisco Bay area serpentine habitats. habitat as provided by section 4 of the easements on the watershed lands to all trade prohibitions of section 9(a)(2) Act; ensure that all future land use would be of the Act, implemented by 50 ~FR (3) Additional information concerning compatible with water quality criteria. 17,61 or 17.71, would apply. These the range, distribution, and population These easements were granted to the prohibitions. in part. make it illegal for size of these species; i.nd U.S. Department of the Interior and are any person subject to the jurisdiction of (4) Current or planned activities in the jointly administered by the San the United States to import or export; subject area and their possible impacts Francisco Water Department and the transport in interstate or foreign on these species. Golden Gate National Recreational Area. commerce in the course of a commercial Any final decision on this proposal Populations of CArs/urn fontinale var. activity; sell or offer for sale in interstate will take into consideration the font/nale, Eriophyllurn latilobum, or foreign commerce; remove and comments and any additional Hesperolinon congestum and reduce to possession the species from information received by the Service, and Pentachaeta bellidiflora occur on Water areas under Federal jurisdiction; such communications may lead to a Department land. maliciously damage or destroy any such final regulation that differs from this Hesperolinon congesturn. Pen tachaeta species on any area under Federal proposal. bellidiflora, Dudleya setcheli/i, and jurisdiction; or remove, cut, dig up. The Act provides for a public hearing on this proposal. if requested. Requests Streptanthus albidus ssp. aibidus co- damage, or destroy any such endangered occur with the bay checkerspot butterfly plant species on any other area in must be received within 45 days of the (Euphydryas editha bciyensis) in San knowing violation of any State law or date of publication of the proposal. Such requests must be made in writing Mateo or Santa Clara counties. The bay regulation or in the course of any and addressed to the Field Supervisor of checkerspot is listed as a threatened violation of a State criminal trespass species under the Endangered Species law. Certain exceptions apply to agents the Sacramento Field Office (see ADDRESSES section). Act. Permits for incidental take of this of the Service and State conservation species granted under section 10(a) of agencies. The Act and 50 CFR 17.62. National Environmental Policy Act the Act may affect the plant species 17.63, and 17.72 also provide for the The Fish and Wildlife Service has listed above. Preparation of Habitat issuance of permits to carry out determined that an Environmental Conservation Plans for the Bay otherwise prohikited activities Assessment, as defined under the checkerspot butterfly may therefore involving endangered or threatened authority of the National Environmental require internal section 7 consultation plant species under certain Policy Act of 1969, need not be with regard to the four species listed circumstances. The Service anticipates prepared in connection with regulations above. - few trade permits would ever be sought adopted pursuant to section 4(a) of the The 12 plants also may be affected by or issued for the 12 species because the Act. A notice outlining the Service’s Federal mortgage programs. including plants are not common in cultivation or reasons for this determination was the Veterans Administration and the in the wild. Requests for copies of the published in the Federal Register on U.S. Department of Housing and Urban regulations on listed plants and October 25. 1983 (48 FR 49244). Development (Federal Home inquiries regarding them may be Administration loans), or by addressed to the Office of Management Referoce. Cited construction of roads and highways by Authority, U.S. Fish and Wildlife A complete list of all references cited the Federal Highways Administration. Service, 4401 North Fairfax Drive, room herein is available upon request from At least one proposed project that may 432, Arlington, Virginia 22203—3507 the Field Supervisor. Sacramento Field affect two of the plants also involves (703/358—2104). Office (see ADORESSES section). Federal Register I Vol. 57, No. 240 / Monday, December 14. 1992 / Propcsed Rules 59065

Author Proposed Regulation PTomulgation 2. It is proposed to amend S 17.12(h) by adding the following, in alphabetical The primary author of this proposed PART 17—.{AMENDED] order under the families Lodicated, and rule is Jeanine L. Hardison, U.S. Fish by adding a new family ‘Linaceae—Flax and Wildlife Service, Sacramento Field Accordingly. it is hereby proposed to ancnd part 17 subchapter B of Chapter family.” in alphabetical order, to the Office (see ADDRESSES section). List of Endangered and Threater ed I, title 50 of the Code of Federal 1 List of Subjects in 50 CFR Part 17 Regulations, as set forth below: Plants: 1. The authority citation for part 17 Endangered and threatened species. 417.12 Endangered and threet.n.d ptar,t,. continues to read as follows: Exports, Imports. Reporting and recordkeeping ren.iuiremen~s.and Authority: 16 U.S.C. 1361—1407; 16 U.S.C. (hI’ * Transportation. 1531—1544; 16 U.S.C. 4201—4245; Pub. L 99— 625. 100 Stat, 3500, unless otherwise noted.

s—s Scieni~icr~ame Coaynon HistorIc range Siatus yj~fl~ CMic~habi-

iai Soec~aIru4es Aaieracaae—Asler tansfr

Cdrs,um fOfrhrIaJe Founia~nthistle U.S A. (CA).... E NA NA y5r. foi~t,ria/~.

Enc~trØJumJat,io~.im San Uateo wooay suritowe U.S.A (CA) E NA NA

P8C13&~5 be4~JIora ~5.(5y5~ p.ntathaeta U.S.A. (CA) E NA NA

Brassicacaae—Mustate family

Sb’W.*iWass ~&JS UetcaI~Canyon jewe~kwer U.S.A. (CA) E NA NA ss~.at~du& Str~,f~r4t~usnçef T~buronjewefflower U.S.A. (CA) E NA NA

Crassuiaceae—S~onecioptamly DixI~eset~w#J SaaC~aVdsydt~le~...... U.SA.(CA) E NA NA

Ulaceae—tJty tami$y~ Ca~,ft~w~X~U~O6m Ibjroe manposa lily U S,A. (CA) I NA NA

L.naceae—Flax f&nlty Hespero$fron csrr~esrum Maim ewar~-flax U.S.A (CA) ..... I NA

O~’.agacaaEve-p4vnrosefamily

Cia,.*ja francs~~ Pcea~ocla.-kja U.S A. (CA) E NA NA

~narrw’aceae—8uc~thomIamity: Ceerotfrus Pgms.ae Coyote Ceanottrus U S A. (CA) .... E NA NA

Sc‘ophular.aceae—Sn~dragontandy

GsrMea r~ec~a ThUI’OIl painfbnish US.A.(CA) E NA NA

Corzi~4anthuster’u,S P~nn~fsbini’s beak U.S.A. (CA) NA NA s.s~.caçaf~afl~ 59066 Federal Register / Vol. 57 NO. 240 / Monday. December 14. 1992 / Propcs~d Ru~es

Deted: ~Jovembisr 24, 1q92. Richard N. Smith. Acting Djr~ctor,Fr~.hond ~4’iidife Serv,te. FR Doc. 92—30252 FiI~j 12—1 1—92, 8 45 ar~-.( SILL$oG CODE