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Argonne National Laboratory C 3 Chemical Technology Division Argonne National Laboratory .. .. 9700 South Cass Ave. Argonne, Illinois 60439-4837 (630) 252-4383' ANL-00/16 i . ISBN 0-9679168-1-X 3 .~.. .1 .. August 2000 .. _I_-> . _(' _I , .I Agonne National Laboratory, with facilities in the states of Illinois and Idaho, is owned by the United States Government andopkrated by The University of , .. Chicago undCr the provisions of a contract with the Department of Energy. .1 , ,. ,.,. DISCLAIMER ., This report wkprepared as an account of work sponsoredby an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Governmentnor any agency thereof, nor The University of Chicago, nor any of their employees or officers, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation,or favoring by theUniteil States Government or any agency thereof. The views ind opinions of document authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the,United States Government or any agency thereof, Argonne .. National Laboratory, or The University of Chicago. _. ,. .. .j ..! .. e. ~ :: ! ?' ~ ~ . -- . .. ~I~h. .. ~ - -~ -~ '.I ROBERTK. STEUMENBERG AND LESLIEBURRIS Building 205 at Argonne National Laboratoly. DISCLAI MER This report was .prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor J any of their employees, make any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof. I DISCLAIMER Portions of this document may be iilegible in electronic image products. Images are produced from the best available original document. Contents FOREWORD ....................................................................................................................... v 1940-1950: THE BEGINNING ........................................................................................... 1 The Manhattan Project ................................................................................................... 1 The Atomic Energy Commission and the National Laboratories ..................................... 7 The Met Lab ................................................................................................................... 8 The Chemical Engineering Division ............................................................................... 16 1950-1960: THE NUCLEAR PROMISE ............................................................................. 23 The National and International Scene ............................................................................. 23 Reactors ......................................................................................................................... 26 The Move to Site D ......................................................................................................... 29 New Employees .............................................................................................................. 31 Services .......................................................................................................................... 34 Tools of the Trade .......................................................................................................... 37 The New Buildings ......................................................................................................... 39 Division Organization and Management ........................................................................ 47 Technical Programs ....................................................................................................... 50 1960-1970: TURBULENT TIMES ...................................................................................... 89 The Domestic and International Climate ........................................................................ 89 Reactors ......................................................................................................................... 92 The Division ................................................................................................................... 92 Management ................................................................................................................... 96 Building Addition ................ ......‘I.. .................................................................................. 98 I’ Tools of the Trade .......................................................................................................... 99 Cenham Glove Boxes...................................................................................................... 101 Technical Programs ....................................................................................................... 102 1970-1980: TRANSITIONS ................................................................................................ 139 The National Scene ........................................................................................................ 140 Nuclear Power ............................................................................................................... 140 The Laboratory .............................................................................................................. 145 The Division ................................................................................................................... 146 Technical Programs ....................................................................................................... 160 1980-1990: CMT-NEW NAME.NEW MISSIONS .......................................................... 237 National Affairs .............................................................................................................. 238 The Nuclear Industry ...................................................................................................... 241 The Division ................................................................................................................... 241 Technical Programs ....................................................................................................... 249 ........ .... 1990-1998: INTO THE FUTURE ........................................................................................ 361 National Aflairs .............................................................................................................. 361 Energy and the Environment .......................................................................................... 363 The Laboratory .............................................................................................................. 365 The Division ................................................................................................................... 366 Technical Programs ....................................................................................................... 371 The Division’s Future ..................................................................................................... 471 APPENDIXES General References ........................................................................................................ 475 Acronyms and Definitions .............................................................................................. 477 Subject Guide ................................................................................................................. 485 Name Inde~.................................................................................................................... 495 iv ....... attempted to compress the information in these Foreword summary reports to considerably less than 5% of the original volume, and probably did so unintentionally in a somewhat uneven manner. The idea of writing a history of the Chemical We beg forgiveness from any individuals who Technology Division was proposed in 1994 by might feel that their contributions have been Dr. James Battles, who was the Division slighted. Where there are such cases, it was Director at the time. About the only guidance certainly not out of malice. Jim provided was that he had in mind neither This is not intended to be a reference book, an extended technical report, nor a “puff piece” nor have we attempted to generate a subject extolling the scientific and engineering index. We have, however, included a rather prowess of the organization. The people in the detailed table of contents as an appendix. It Division do, in fact, have reason to take pride happens occasionally that somebody has a in the many scientific
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