Housing Local Plan Review

APPENDIX ONE

Eden Local Plan Review Housing Policies and Draft Affordable Housing Policies

Consultation Document March 2004 INTRODUCTION

Local Authorities are required by law to prepare Local Plans and to keep them up to date. The Local Plan guides development within the Local Planning Authority area and sets policies against which development proposals are assessed. The Eden Local Plan aims to provide clear guidance at a local level on most planning issues. The current Eden Local Plan was adopted in 1996 and was intended to extend to 2006. The process of review formally began however, in 2002, with the publication of the Deposit Consultation Eden Local Plan Review. That document proposed modifications, where considered appropriate, to all topics dealt with under the plan, except housing. Housing was excluded from the 2002 consultation exercise because the target figures for housing which were to be contained in the County Structure Plan were not available at that time.

In May 2003, the Deposit version of the County and Lake District Joint Structure Plan 2001-2016 was published. This included housing targets for each District in the County. The Local Plan is required to conform to the County Structure Plan and in turn with Regional Planning Guidance. Accordingly in December 2003 a set of Eden Local Plan Review Housing Policies was approved by the Council as interim guidance in accordance with the emerging County Structure Plan and as a basis for public consultation as part of the Local Plan Review process.

Affordability of housing is a key issue, not only in terms of planning policy, but also in terms of the Council’s wider corporate role in meeting the housing needs of local people and ensuring a sufficient variety of types of housing to meet everyone’s needs. Accordingly the Council also prepared, in January 2004, a draft Affordable Housing Policy.

The two sets of policies, although prepared under different sets of legislation, are intended to be mutually supportive and complimentary. The Council Leaders have decided that a joint consultation exercise be held, enabling both the public, partners and statutory bodies, to see, as it were, the whole picture.

At the conclusion of the consultation exercise, elected members of the Council will be presented with the results of the consultation exercise and with any recommended changes to either set of policies arising from the exercise. A democratic decision will be taken by elected members as to what changes to adopt. In the case of the Eden Local Plan Review Housing Policies, revisions will be incorporated with those arising from the 2002 Deposit Consultation on topics other then housing. A second deposit consultation exercise will then be held in the Autumn of 200, in accordance with legislation governing the revision of Local Plans. It is currently anticipated that a Public Inquiry on the Local Plan Review will be held in the early part of 2005.

In responding to either set of policies, please make use of the comments form provided. A separate form should be used for each policy commented upon. It is important to note that representations cannot be treated as confidential and will be available for public inspection.

The contents of the policies, and comment forms may also be obtained from the Council’s website www.eden.gov.uk Eden Local Plan Review Housing Policies Policy H1

Priorities for Housing Development

Reasoned Justification

In identifying the scale and location of new housing development, the District Council has been guided by both National and Structure Plan policies. Planning Policy Guidance Note 3 (PPG3), which provides guidance on a range of issues relating to the provision of housing states that: “…………… everyone should have the opportunity of a decent home ……… and the housing needs of all in the community should be recognised ……… promote more sustainable patterns of development and make better use of previously-developed land, the focus for additional housing should be in existing towns and cities to promote urban renaissance”.

Sufficient housing land must be brought forward through the local plan to meet the Structure Plan target. This target is derived from the Regional Planning Guidance 13 (RPG13) for the North West Region. Policy UR7 of Regional Planning Guidance requires 1170 dwellings a year to be built in Cumbria until 2016. This figure is well below the trend in recent years. In Eden, the Structure Plan target is dis-aggregated to 170 dwellings per year, this target is currently expressed in terms of consents. This target is further broken down in Policy H1 between the four main towns in the District. The main focus for housing within Eden is intended to be in Penrith, Appleby, Kirkby Stephen and Alston.

The density requirement for residential development will be generally between thirty and fifty dwellings per hectare, in accordance with PPG3.

Monitoring the housing land requirement for the District on an annual basis has demonstrated that there is an over supply of allocated residential land. The vast majority of this oversupply of allocated land in the 1996 Local Plan is also on greenfield land. The need to restrain housing development in the light of RPG and general guidance from Central Government on housing has led to the intention to de- allocate the majority of sites allocated in the 1996 Local Plan where there is no extent planning permission. (See also Policy H2).

A sequential approach to the release of housing land for development is to be adopted. The sequential approach will be:

 Firstly, to utilise urban capacity in terms of using existing buildings.

 Secondly, to utilise urban capacity in terms of brownfield (previously developed) land.

 Thirdly, to utilise appropriate greenfield sites contained within urban areas.

 Finally, to utilise greenfield extension sites in urban areas. It should be noted that the first two categories do not include former agricultural buildings or farm steadings.

Affordable Housing will be secured in the range of 30% to 100% in accordance with the Council’s Affordable Housing Policy.

Proposed Modification

The main focus for residential development in the District will be within the four main service centres of Penrith, Alston, Kirkby Stephen and Appleby which provide residential development on previously developed (brownfield) sites or which utilise existing buildings. Planning applications for housing development will be assessed against the Sequential Test set out in Planning Policy Guidance Note 3 (PPG3) and against the target figure of 170 dwellings per year for Eden District, derived from Regional Planning Guidance and the County Structure Plan. The number of consents granted will be carefully monitored and applications which exceed the 170 target in any given year will be refused. A figure of 20 units will be allocated to development outside the four main service centres. (This the residual 150 target is further dis-aggregated in the following proportions for the four main service centres on the basis of population size, thus Penrith 120 units, Alston 16 units, Appleby 19 units and Kirkby Stephen 13 units. In order to ensure that permissions are utilised and not simply ‘land banked’ the period of time by which development will commence, will be changed by condition from the standard 5 years to 2 years.

Where a shortfall against the target occurs in any year, then consideration will be given to housing development under H2, H5 and H11. Policy H2

Allocations for Residential Development

Reasoned Justification

Policy HS1 of the 1996 Local Plan designated land for residential development within 46 villages. In many instances the site has been developed for housing since 1996, in others the site is currently under development and will eventually be completed or may be developed where there is an extant planning permission in force. In other cases, where none of these circumstances apply, a re-assessment of the suitability of the site for continued designation has been undertaken. This re-assessment has been undertaken against current planning policy, ie PPG3 and PPG7, RPG and the provisions of the Cumbria and Lake District Joint Structure Plan 2001 – 2016, Deposit. Additionally in undertaking re-assessments of those sites allocated in the 1996 Local Plan which to date have not secured planning consent, account has been taken of the availability of realistically developable brownfield sites identified in the Urban Capacity Study of February 2003, in the same settlement.

All of the allocated sites are within the four main service centres of Penrith, Alston, Appleby and Kirkby Stephen.

The de-allocation of sites is a direct consequence of changed national, regional and Structure Plan Policy.

Consideration may be given, to the allocation of urban extension sites in the four key service centres, within the Plan Term to 2016, should the current allocations prove insufficient or not be brought forward for development. Further land may be allocated should current allocations prove insufficient to maintain the focus of new housing development to within the 4 Key Settlements.

The Council will produce planning briefs for those sites identified in Policy H2 which will then be formally adopted as Supplementary Planning Guidance. Such briefs will address in further detail the issues of the proportion of affordable housing sought, density, phasing, open space, landscaping and design.

In general terms, densities of a range between 30-50 units per hectare will be considered appropriate. It is however considered appropriate that the very highest densities within this range would be more likely to pertain in urban brownfield sites such as Southend Road, Penrith.

Allocated sites may not get permission if windfalls that are more appropriate ie brownfield, come forward. Furthermore even brownfield windfall sites may not receive permission if the target of 170 is exceeded.

Proposed Modification

Land for residential development is identified in the four key service centres listed below and as indicated on the proposal maps: Alston (Raise Bank, Jollybeard Lane, the scrapyard and the former Foundry), Appleby (Haulage Depot, Colby Lane and Drawbriggs Lane), Kirkby Stephen (Nateby Road), Penrith (Southend Road, York Street, and land to rear of Fell Lane).

TABLE 1

Note: The proposed allocated housing sites comprise the following (in hectares).

Penrith Southend Road 9.3 ha 100 units York Street 0.3 ha 9 units Fell Lane 0.4 ha 12 units

Appleby Colby Lane 0.4 ha 12 units The Banks 0.7 ha 21 units Drawbriggs Lane 0.5 ha 15 units

Kirkby Stephen Nateby Road 2.0 ha 60 units

Alston Jollybeard Lane 1.3 ha 39 units Raise Bank 0.7 ha 21 units Station Road 0.5 ha 15 units Scrapyard site 0.5 ha 15 units

TOTAL 16.6 ha 319 units

Assuming 100 housing units contained within the Southend Road scheme and an average density of 30 units per hectare for all other locations, this gives a total yield of 304 units.

TABLE 2

The table below seeks to show in simple terms the projected future land supply and the resulting projected capacity for what may be termed ‘windfall’ developments without breaching the targets set.

Consents granted 1/4/02 – 31/10/03 586 Estimated Yield from Allocations 319 + Sub Total 905

Target 170 x 14 years (1/4/02 – 31/3/16) 2380

2380 905 Estimated ‘windfall’ requirement (overplan term) 1475

Annualised Figure 123 units per year (excluding affordable exceptions) Policy H3

Settlements with no Allocation

Reasoned Justification

In the 1996 Local Plan, Policy HS2 listed the settlements which because of their limited service availability were considered not to merit allocations of housing land, but which none the less could accommodate small ‘windfall’ developments, for which the acceptability criteria was set out in the old policy HS4.

Altered government policy, principally Planning Policy Guidance Note 3 (Housing) has made the concept of Greenfield ‘windfall’ sites redundant. Within the terms of PPG3 windfall sites are defined only as brownfield (previously-developed) land.

Proposed Modification

Planning permission will not be granted for market led residential development in settlements other than those identified in policy H2, policy H5 or policy H6. Policy H4

Criteria for Development on Residential Sites

Reasoned Justification

This revised policy addresses the design detail of proposals submitted. The policy addresses design in the generality and is criteria based. Issues such as density, affordability and phasing are addressed in the sense that they are included in the criteria, but are intended to be addressed in more detail in other subsequent policies, supporting text and Supplementary Planning Guidance (SPG).

Proposed Modification

Proposals for housing development which also satisfy other policies will be permitted providing that the proposed development incorporates a phasing plan to ensure that the build rate does not exceed housing targets set in Regional Planning Guidance, when disaggregated to the local level, and the details submitted are judged acceptable against the following criteria:

i) the density and layout of the development are in accordance with established planning principles of seeking to make best use of housing land, providing a substantial number of smaller dwellings where appropriate and enabling the provision of affordable housing within an overall layout design, densities will be no less than 30 units per hectare;

ii) dwellings are located to minimise adverse impact on the privacy and amenity reasonably expected to be enjoyed by the residents of adjoining existing dwellings and of other dwellings within the proposed development;

iii) the design and materials proposed for buildings or for the surfacing and treatment of any open space, roads and parking areas use natural and appropriate materials and have regard to the local architectural tradition, the setting in which the development is located and takes account of any relevant design guidance adopted by the Council as SPG;

iv) the layout incorporates landscaping, recreational space and parking provision which are appropriate to the location and which take account of adopted county parking guidelines and relevant design guidance adopted by the Council as SPG; and

v) the proposed development incorporates a proportion of affordable housing, as defined in the Council’s Corporate Affordable Housing Policy of between 30% and 100% of all units, determined by having regard to established need. Policy H5

Local Service Centres

Reasoned Justification

In the 1996 Plan, there is a policy (HS4) favouring residential development on what is termed “windfall sites”. Such a policy is no longer admissible in terms of PPG3 (Housing) where the term windfall is defined purely in terms of brownfield, previously-developed sites. Moreover, the continuation of a permissive windfall sites policy as in the current plan, would inevitably mean that the District would seriously exceed the housing targets which are set for it in the County Structure Plan as a result of National Planning Policy and Regional Planning Guidance. The Structure Plan Deposit mainly admits general needs housing in the four key service centres in the District identified as Penrith, Appleby, Kirkby Stephen and Alston. However, it is open to include in the Local Plan, further settlements, termed here as “Local Service Centres”, where because of a substantial level of service provision, further general needs housing could be permitted when developed as part of a mixed scheme incorporating a substantial proportion of affordable housing to meet locally identified needs. The survey basis for the selection of the twelve local service centres is set out in appendices 1, 2 and 3 of this report.

Proposed Modification

Proposals for small scale mixed residential development incorporating both affordable and general needs housing may be permitted provided there is a shortfall in permissions granted within the 4 Key Service Centres against the set targets and only in settlements which contain a primary school or a business employing 5 or more people full time – providing that the criteria listed below are also met:

i) developments shall be of a small scale, with no more than five units and shall consist of two to three bedroom houses or flats built at a higher density;

ii) dwellings are located to minimise adverse impact on the privacy and amenity reasonably expected to be enjoyed by the residents of adjoining existing dwellings, and that of the occupiers of new dwellings in the development;

iii) the design and materials proposed for buildings or for the surfacing and treatment of any open space, roads and parking areas is appropriate to the location and takes account of any relevant design guidance adopted by the Council as Supplementary Planning Guidance;

iv) the layout incorporates parking provision which is appropriate to the location and takes account of adopted county parking guidelines and relevant design guidance adopted by the Council as Supplementary Planning Guidance;

v) the proposed development incorporates a proportion of affordable housing, as defined in the Council’s Corporate Affordable Housing Policy of between 50% and 100% of all units; vi) the proposed development incorporates a phasing plan to ensure that the build rate does not exceed any housing targets set in Regional Planning Guidance, when disaggregated to the local level; vii) the proposed development shall be on brownfield, previously developed land, or evidence produced to accompany the application that such land is not available for housing development within the settlement to which the application relates; and viii) generally no more than 5 houses will be granted permission in any one settlement in any given year, in order to ensure that development is evenly spread across the local service centres. Preference will be given to schemes incorporating a higher proportion of affordable housing within the scale set out in v). ix) development shall be of a scale and type wholly commensurate with the character of the village. Policy H6

Exceptional Affordable Housing for Local Needs in Rural Areas

Reasoned Justification

In the four key service centres listed in Policy H2 as having land allocated for housing, affordable needs housing will be required in accordance with criteria v) of Policy H4.

In those settlements listed in Policy H4 as being Local Service Centres, affordable needs housing will again be required in accordance with criteria v) of that policy.

Neither of the above address the issue of the need for affordable housing which will occur in many of the remaining settlements in the District, which under the terms of current national, regional and Structure Plan Policy and therefore Policy H3 are considered ineligible for general needs, market led housing.

The Structure Plan does however acknowledge the need for affordable housing in rural areas and contains the statement in paragraph 4.13 that “small sites in rural areas that would not otherwise be considered for housing may be released for affordable housing as an exception to normal planning policies”.

A further element of flexibility in the Structure Plan as currently drafted is contained in Structure Plan Policy HI6 part two which states that “The Community’s proven local need for affordable housing will be met through the development of affordable housing in rural areas on sites considered an exception to normal planning policy contained in Local Plans, and where provision will be in addition to the housing requirement set out in (Structure Plan) Policy HI4”. This enables the Local Plan to make provision for exclusively affordable housing in rural areas.

In the Eden context the national threshold on affordable housing is not considered appropriate, an established need could be met by a single housing unit.

Proposed Modification

In settlements where a local need for affordable housing is established by reference to a current housing needs survey, favourable consideration will be given to development proposals which are exclusively for affordable housing as defined in the Councils Corporate Affordable Housing Policy provided that the following criteria are met:

i) development shall be of a scale and type wholly commensurate with the character of the village and with the established local need for affordable housing;

ii) dwellings are located to minimise adverse impact on the privacy and amenity reasonably expected to be enjoyed by the residents of any adjoining existing dwellings and other dwellings within the proposed development; iii) the design and materials proposed for buildings or for the surfacing and treatment of any open space, roads and parking areas are appropriate to the location and take account of any relevant design guidance adopted by the Council as Supplementary Planning Guidance; iv) the layout incorporates parking provision which is appropriate to the location and which takes account of adopted county parking guidelines and any relevant design guidance adopted by the Council as Supplementary Planning Guidance; and v) the scheme shall be on brownfield, previously developed land, or evidence produced to accompany the application that such land is not available for housing development within the settlement to which the application relates. Policy H7

Housing Linked to Employment

Reasoned Justification

Policy NE1 of the 1996 Plan indicated that development will not be permitted outside established settlements, other housing policies apply general restrictions in line with Structure Plan and RPG and the numbers of housing units that can be granted in a given year. Policy HS7 in the 1996 Local Plan addressed the issue of workers dwellings in the countryside. The policy addressed both farm and forestry workers and dwellings required in association with rural enterprises generally, where the need could be substantiated. There is some comfort in both the current PPG3 Housing and PPG7 The Countryside (Economic and Social Development) for viewing favourably single units of housing linked to rural enterprises. It is considered that the essential principles of the old policy should be retained with a modification to the criteria that the dwelling should be located on previously developed brownfield land, if at all possible. It should furthermore, be borne in mind that such permissions will count against any housing targets.

Proposed Modification

Exceptionally consent may be granted for a dwelling to meet a proven need. This will be for a dwelling which is essentially required to be located in close proximity to an existing enterprise. This need must be substantiated to the satisfaction of the Local Planning Authority, and must additionally satisfy the following criteria:

i) that the siting of the dwelling is well related to an existing building or group of buildings;

ii) the scale of the proposed dwelling is commensurate with the established functional requirements of the enterprise concerned;

iii) that the design and materials used respect the local architectural tradition and the setting in which the proposed dwelling be located;

iv) that there is no adverse impact upon landscape, archaeological or environmental and conservation interests; and

v) the dwelling shall be on brownfield, previously developed land, or evidence produced to accompany the application that such land is not available for the housing unit which can also satisfy the business requirements.

vi) the occupation of the dwelling is to be restricted by means of a legal agreement. Policy H8

Occupancy Controls for Residential Development to Secure Affordable Housing

Reasoned Justification

The effective application of policies seeking to achieve affordable housing requires the restriction of the occupation of those properties as affordable housing, in perpetuity. In the case of housing for rent and shared ownership schemes this will be best achieved by the involvement of a Registered Social Landlord (RSL). The mechanism for securing occupation of the dwelling for affordable housing in perpetuity in the case of shared ownership (or ‘shared equity’) is by means of a legal agreement under Section 106 of the Town and Country Planning Act 1990. Subsections 1 and 2 of Section 106 read as follows:

“A Local Planning Authority may enter into an agreement with any person interested in land in their area for the purpose of restricting or regulating the development or use of the land, either permanently or during such period as may be prescribed by the agreement.

Any such agreement may contain such incidental and consequential provisions (including financial ones) as appear to the Local Planning Authority to be necessary or expedient for the purposes of the agreement”.

This will be achieved by entering into agreement with the developer and where appropriate an RSL as parties to a 106 Agreement, relating to the provision of affordable housing on a single site, the subject of a planning application.

It is important that a policy on occupancy controls for residential development is cross referenced to those policies which specify the provision of affordable housing.

Proposed Modification

Where consent is granted for residential development under Policies H2, H3, H4 or H5, the permission will be subject both to a planning condition and a legal agreement to secure the occupancy of the designated proportion of affordable dwellings in perpetuity by people who satisfy the terms of the Council’s Corporate Affordable Housing Policy. Policy H9

Home Extensions

Reasoned Justification

With the restrictions on house building imposed by RPG and Structure Plan Policies, it is possible that the demand for home extensions will grow. The policy in the 1996 Local Plan (HS9) has served well and is largely unaltered here as Policy H9.

Proposed Modification

Proposals for extensions or other alterations to a residential property will be permitted if they satisfy the following criteria: i) the scale of the proposed extension will not detract from the scale or character of the original building or its setting; ii) the form, design and materials proposed are in character with the original building; iii) there will be no significant adverse impact on the privacy or amenity of adjoining property; iv) adequate access and parking arrangements can be provided; and v) there will be no significant adverse impact on the character of the locality. Policy H10

Residential Subdivisions

Reasoned Justification

Government policy places great emphasis on the use and re-use of existing buildings for residential purposes. It is likely that with the restrictions on ‘new build’ housing development as a consequence of RPG and the County Structure Plan, more attention will be focussed on residential sub-divisions. It is reasonable to expect that in town locations, where the majority of residential subdivisions are likely to occur, that car parking standards may be relaxed from the norm applied in County Parking Standards.

Proposed Modification

Within the Four Key Service Centres and Local Service Centres proposals for the conversion of buildings into flats or for multi-occupancy will be encouraged and permission granted, providing that there is a shortfall in permissions in the Four Key Service Centres and the following requirements are met: i) adequate access and parking can be provided; ii) the privacy and amenity of adjoining properties is not significantly adversely affected; and iii) the scheme of conversion proposed is sympathetic in scale and character to the property concerned and its locality. Policy H11

Building Conversions

Reasoned Justification

In the 1996 Local Plan, policies relating to the re-use of buildings lay in the Built Environment Section (Policies BE24 and BE25). These policies were addressed in the Eden District Local Plan Review published in January 2002 and a modification proposed to BE25. In the current context of restrictions on the numbers of dwellings given consent, it is important nonetheless to give consideration to the effect granting planning consents for building conversions will have on the Council’s ability to satisfy RPG and Structure Plan targets for residential permissions.

It is generally the case that building conversions are a relatively expensive form of residential development and are therefore little used for the provision of affordable housing. It is therefore the case that all consents granted for the conversion of buildings to residential use will count against any target whether they are in settlements or in the open countryside. This consideration will necessitate further changes to the old policies BE24 and BE25 at the time of the publication of the revised deposit for all topics scheduled for July 2004.

The following policy is however proposed in order to ensure that the subject of buildings conversions is not omitted from Housing Policies.

Proposed Modification

The conversion of buildings to residential use will only be permitted in the four key service centres and local service centres and where a proposal satisfies the following criteria:

i) the building is not needed for business use in the local area;

ii) the building is not isolated nor poorly linked to existing transport infrastructure;

iii) the amenity of residents would be compromised by business use;

iv) the building is of traditional stone construction, of a traditional design, constructed in a permanent and substantial manner and is capable of conversion without extensions or significant modification/reconstruction to the existing structure and will not result in the loss of significant architectural or historic features or alter the original character of the buildings;

v) services are readily available on site and the building is served by a satisfactory access;

vi) the building is part of a group containing existing dwellings, the number of dwellings proposed is appropriate to the surroundings and does not exceed housing targets set in Regional Planning Guidance when disaggregated to the local level; vii) the proposal does not create and cannot be expected to give rise to additional demands for new buildings to house livestock, feed or equipment; viii) the proposal restricts the curtilage of the dwelling to a level consistent with adjoining dwellings and should not have a harmful impact upon the character of the countryside; and ix) the proposal is designed to ensure that nature conservation interests are fully considered and accommodated. Policy H12

Residential Caravans

Reasoned Justification

This policy relates to short term low cost development only. Caravans or mobile homes are generally considered to be unacceptable as permanent homes within the District. As caravans are only considered as temporary accommodation units, they will not count against RPG or Structure Plan targets. The policy has however been amended from the old HS12 in the 1996 Plan to refer to “temporary accommodation” rather than “dwellings”.

Proposed Modification

Planning permission will be granted for the siting of caravans or mobile homes for use as temporary accommodation where the development would have no material detrimental impact upon the landscape and where the following criterion is met:

Where there is a proven need for temporary accommodation in association with an approved building project or to assist in the establishment of a new business enterprise. Policy H13

Travellers’ Sites

Reasoned Justification

There is only one travellers’ site in the District at present. After consultation with Environmental Health the Policy has been left unaltered from HS13 in the 1996 Local Plan; with the addition of criterion v.

Proposed Modification

Proposals for the development of sites involving the stationing of caravans for occupation by gypsies and other travelling people will be assessed against the following criteria:

i) impact on the amenity of nearby residents;

ii) impact on landscape, agriculture, nature conservation, archaeology or other interests of recognised importance;

iii) adequacy of road access; and

iv) capacity of the local infrastructure to service the department.

v) access to services, particularly schools Policy H14

Replacement Dwellings

Reasoned Justification

Circumstances may occasionally arise where it is proposed to replace an existing dwelling with another, or where a dwelling has been lost as a result of a fire, for example. It may be appropriate in certain circumstances to give favourable consideration to proposals for a replacement dwelling. It will however be important to ensure, given the overall restraints on market led housing, that such a concession does not lead to abuses, by attempts to replace smaller, more modestly priced houses by larger more expensive ones.

Proposed Modification

Proposals for replacement dwellings will be viewed favourably provided that the following criteria are met:

i) the proposed replacement dwelling is of a commensurate scale to that of the original unit;

ii) the design and materials used respect the local architectural tradition and the setting in which the proposed dwelling is to be located. Draft Affordable Housing Policies Draft Affordable Housing Policy – September 2004

Section 1 - Introduction

1.1 A key objective for the Government is to ensure that everyone has the opportunity of living in a decent home. To help meet this objective, the planning system is expected to provide housing that is genuinely affordable to a wide range of people. Planning Policy Guidance 3 ‘Housing’, which is supplemented by Circular 6/98, makes it clear that ‘a community’s need for a mix of housing types, including affordable housing, is a material planning consideration which should be taken into account in formulating development plan policies and in deciding planning applications involving housing’. Additionally, there is an expectation that new residential schemes should be planned to provide ‘ … mixed and inclusive communities, which offer a choice of housing and lifestyle’. (PPG3, Para 10).

1.2 Meeting the housing needs of local people and ensuring a sufficient variety of house types and sizes to achieve mixed and balanced communities is a priority objective of the District Council. The commitment to facilitating the provision of affordable housing reflects the Council’s corporate approach as embodied in its Housing and Community Strategies and Planning Policies.

Purpose

1.3 The Eden Local Plan establishes the policy framework to ensure affordable housing is provided through the planning system. The purpose of this document is to provide detailed guidance and practical advice to supplement the policies contained in the Local Plan to ensure that they are consistently and effectively implemented.

The Housing Need in Eden

1.4 A Housing Needs survey report for Eden was published in January 1999 following extensive research and survey work. It provides a detailed assessment and overview of the general housing needs and this information has been updated in-house by the Council on a parish by parish basis. The Survey concluded that there was a demand for housing from 5,851 existing households and 2,947 new or emerging households during the period 1998- 2001. Over half of these households (59%) expected to remain within owner occupation, one third (33%) expecting to rent from a housing association and less than 5% anticipated renting from a private landlord. The recent data collected indicates that there is now a demand from 8690 existing and emerging households, who expect to move within the next three years. From this total, 8361 have stated where they would like to move to, with 63% expecting to achieve owner occupation, 13% expecting to rent from a housing association, 8% anticipate renting from a private landlord and 16% don’t know.

1.5 Whilst housing needs are likely to change over time (if anything they are likely to increase if house prices continue to escalate at a rate well above average income levels), the Survey provides a conclusive overview that there is considerable need for affordable housing in Eden. Further evidence to demonstrate the extent of housing need in Eden is continually updated by information contained in the Housing Register and the results of Parish surveys, village appraisals and the community planning process. Further evidence of housing need is demonstrated by national, regional and local statistics especially those relating to incomes and the housing market.

1.6 House prices in Eden are amongst the highest in Cumbria. The average house price in Eden at June 2004 is £169,952; combined with some of the lowest earnings in Cumbria, on average £17,500 gross earnings (New Earnings Survey). These figures make buying a home well beyond the financial ability of many local people who therefore need some form of affordable housing.

1.7 In the rural areas of Eden, the need is exacerbated by the high demand for retirement homes, second homes and holiday lets, particularly in the Lake District National Park.

Section 2 – General Principles

2.1 This section focuses on the general principles applying to all forms of affordable houses provided through the planning system. It includes definitions of the terms local housing need and affordable housing.

Defining Those in Housing Need

2.2 Any affordable home provided as a consequence of Eden’s planning policies should, so far as practicable, be restricted both initially and in the future by the use of a local occupancy condition to those in housing need. Legal obligations in the form of a S106 Agreement will be used to ensure this restriction. Such a restriction recognises the deep rooted difficulties experienced by many of Eden’s residents in securing a decent home and the requirement to dramatically increase the stock of affordable homes to meet future needs. For the purpose of Eden’s policies and this supplementary planning guidance, a person or household is defined as being in ‘housing need’ if they are currently occupying accommodation that is unsuitable for their requirements and with an income too low to either buy or rent a dwelling more appropriate to meeting their needs (A Guide to Good Practice; DETR, July 2000).

2.3 Any person or household in housing need should apply for inclusion on the Councils Housing Register. The register is held and managed by Eden Housing Association on behalf of the Council. In order to assess individuals or households, the Council will need a range of information relating to their income, savings and present circumstances including current accommodation. Further information on this matter can be obtained from the Council’s Housing Enabling Officer at the point of contact provided at the end of this document.

Defining Affordable Homes

2.4 The term ‘affordable home’ embraces all forms of tenure, accommodation type and size of unit. A Cumbria working group of Officers have recently agreed the following definition of Affordable Housing across Cumbria.

‘Low-cost market and subsidised housing irrespective of tenure, ownership or financial arrangements, available to people who cannot afford to occupy homes generally available on the open market’.

Set out below are definitions of the most common forms of affordable homes provided through the planning process. Whilst there is scope for other tenure models to meet the housing needs of local people, to ensure they are truly affordable they should be based on the principles defined below.

1 Affordable Homes for Sale

These should be sold at a price that does not exceed three times the gross average individuals annual earnings or two and a half times the gross average household earnings for Eden¹ to ensure that such homes are generally affordable to the majority of people living in Eden. (This calculation is commonly used by mortgage lenders when assessing the households suitability for a mortgage).

¹ Information on the latest income levels can be obtained from the Council’s Housing Team. At the time of printing this report, the average individuals’ earnings for Eden were £17,500 (New Earnings Survey) and the estimated average household income was £27,500.

A planning obligation in the form of a S106 Agreement, will be used to restrict the future price of the property and ensure it is sold to those in housing need. In addition, the freehold interest in such properties may be retained by a Registered Social Landlord² (RSL) or similar organisation. These measures will ensure that such homes will remain affordable to local people in perpetuity.

² An RSL is a non-profit organisation registered with the Housing Corporation for the purpose of providing and managing affordable homes. 2. Affordable Homes for Shared Ownership

These schemes delivered in partnership with an RSL or similar, allow payments to be split between a mortgage and rent. The percentage share of ownership will vary depending on the individual circumstances of the person or household in housing need. In settlements of less than 3,000 population, shared owners do not have the right to increase to 100% ownership (the maximum being 80%). The Council will seek to limit the amount of ownership to 80% on all schemes via a s106 agreement.

3. Affordable Homes for Rent

These properties are usually delivered by an RSL and the rent levels should not exceed the limits recommended by the Housing Corporation. In certain circumstances a developer may make properties available for rent, at a rent level recommended by The Rent Service (Dept for Work & Pensions) local office Workington, Tel 01900 600700. A planning obligation in the form of a S106 Agreement will be used to restrict the future rent levels to those recommended by The Rent Service and to ensure that the properties are let to local people in housing need.

Planning Conditions and Obligations

2.5 Planning permission for residential schemes involving affordable housing will only be permitted where the Council is satisfied that secure arrangements are in place to ensure that they will be delivered and always remain available for local people in housing need. Consequently, any residential schemes approved by the Council involving affordable housing will usually be subject to a planning obligation, ie S106 Agreement, to secure the following:-

 That the affordable housing is used for the purposes of meeting local housing needs only;  Agreement with the Council on the siting, number and type of affordable housing units to be provided; and  A phasing and implementation programme to ensure the delivery of affordable housing.  That the affordable housing is protected, so that it will continue to be available for future local housing need.

Restricting Occupancy And The Cascade Approach

2.6 As stated in the housing policies of the Eden Local Plan, most of the affordable homes will be built in Penrith, Appleby, Kirkby Stephen and Alston. In the interests of sustainability, these towns will normally be expected to meet the wider housing needs of Eden. Affordable housing provided outside the four main towns will be expected to meet a more localised housing need. Affordable housing within Eden’s villages and rural settlements will generally therefore be restricted to those with a connection to a particular ‘locality’. Depending on local circumstances, ‘locality’ could mean a specific settlement or parish. In the most sparsely populated parts of Eden, the term ‘locality’ may extend to the adjoining parishes, including those parishes which are located within a neighbouring authorities boundary.

2.7 A local connection, for the purpose of occupying Affordable Housing will usually apply to a person or household:-

1. Who currently lives in the relevant locality and has done so for a continuous period of at least three years; and/or

2. Who works in the relevant locality and has done so for a continuous period of at least three years; and/or

3. Who has moved away but has strong established and continuous links with the relevant locality by reason of birth or long term immediate family connections; and/or

4. Who has an essential need through age or disability to live close to those who have lived in the relevant locality for at least three years.

2.8 Ensuring affordable homes provided outside the four main towns are usually restricted to those persons or households displaying both a housing need and local connection is consistent with the objectives of sustaining mixed and viable rural communities. It also recognises the particular difficulties of meeting the housing needs of rural communities, which are exacerbated by the limited opportunities to build new homes in such areas.

2.9 All affordable housing provided outside the four main towns will be subject to a planning obligation (S106) in order to restrict occupancy to those with a connection to a particular locality. The planning obligation will also include provision for a cascade approach so that if a property is not let or sold to a household from the specified locality within a reasonable period, it will become available to those in housing need from a wider catchment area eventually culminating in Eden as a whole. As a guide, this vacancy period should usually be for a minimum of one month from the date of issue of the completion certificate in the case of a rented scheme, or six months in an owner occupied or shared occupancy scheme. The purpose of the cascade approach is to ensure that affordable homes do not remain unoccupied, to provide a degree of flexibility to the owner or manager of a property and satisfy the requirements of lending institutions. In order to comply with this requirement, the Council will usually expect documented evidence to be provided to prove that a property has been adequately and genuinely marketed at an appropriate rent or cost reflecting its restriction before it becomes available to a household in need from a wider area.

Section 3 – Providing Affordable Housing Through The Planning System

3.1 Local Plan policies seek the provision of affordable housing in three main ways:- 1. Requiring affordable housing on both ‘allocated’ and ‘windfall’ residential sites;

2. Adopting an ‘exceptions’ approach by allowing affordable housing on sites in villages and rural settlements that would not normally be permitted for residential development; and

3. In rural settlements, as identified in the Local Plan, restricting all new housing so it is only available to those from the local community.

3.2 The application of affordable housing policies will inevitably influence land values. Where developers are required to provide an element of affordable housing they are advised to take the cost of this provision, as well as other requirements, into account when negotiating the purchase of land for development. In the case of exception schemes and proposals in rural settlements, the value of land is likely to be substantially depressed to reflect the fact that open market housing will not normally be permitted on such sites.

3.3 All housing developed will be subject to 100% local occupancy conditions, as detailed in section 2.7

Providing Affordable Homes In Residential Schemes

3.4 An element of affordable housing will be required in residential schemes on both ‘allocated’ and ‘windfall’ sites as follows:-

1. In the case of the four main service centres of Alston, Appleby, Kirkby Stephen and Penrith, the proportion of affordable housing will usually be between 50% and 100%. In the case of the twelve Local Service Centres, the proportion will also be between 50% and 100%.

2. A housing need exists within the relevant locality depending on local circumstances (i.e the settlement, parish or adjoining parishes).

What Should be Provided?

3.5 The number, type and size of affordable homes required on a site will be subject to negotiations with the potential developer based on an assessment of need which will include:-

 Information from the District wide Housing Need Survey;  Current information held on the Housing Register;  Information from Parish Surveys or Appraisals;  The opportunities for meeting the identified housing needs on other sites.

3.6 All allocated sites in the draft Local Plan are in the four main service centres, thus the usual minimum requirement is for 50% affordable housing units. However, a greater proportion will normally be expected and required, where the need exists. All housing developed will be subject to 100% local occupancy conditions.

3.7 The type and size of affordable units should reflect the identified housing need in a particular area arising from the housing needs assessment and any other information available to the Council including the housing register and any parish surveys or appraisals. Depending on the need identified, the mix may also include a proportion of lifetime homes (i.e: housing which is designed to be readily adaptable to meet the changing needs of a household over the years) and special needs housing including those for the elderly. The size and type of any special needs housing that may be required, will be determined in consultation with the relevant organisation including the local health authority and social services department.

3.8 In the case of outline planning applications, a percentage of affordable houses will be negotiated to ensure that the amount secured is proportionate to the subsequent number of dwellings approved. The percentage sought will be based on guidelines expressed in paragraph 3.6 above.

Options and Cost of Provision

3.9 Developers have a range of options to meet the affordable housing requirement. The option used to provide the affordable housing will be influenced by the housing needs of a particular locality and will need to be agreed through negotiations between the Council, developer and, where appropriate, a RSL or similar organisation. Examples of the options that might be available are:-

1. The developer builds and transfers the completed units to an RSL or similar organisation;

2. The developer builds and retains responsibility for directly providing the units to those in housing need in accordance with a scheme approved by the Council;

3. The developer transfers serviced plots or land to an agreed RSL or similar organisation, together with a financial contribution to enable the building of each unit. A serviced plot or land is defined as having all services provided up to the frontage of each plot and must include all those that are provided on the other parts of the site such as utilities, telecommunications, roads and footpaths. The number of plots or the amount of land to be provided must be sufficient to enable the development of the agreed number and type of affordable units for the site.

3.10 Whatever option is chosen, the developer should not expect any public subsidy to be available to assist in the provision of affordable homes. As a guide for developers to assess the costs of providing affordable housing, the Housing Corporation publish Total Cost Indicators (TCI) on an annual basis. TCI provide a national benchmark on the expected building costs of a house, varying according to the size and location, and comprises:-

 Acquisition (land or property purchase value)  Works (eg: major site development works and contract costs)  On costs (eg: professional and legal fees and stamp duty).

It is suggested that for grant aided schemes, developers should refer to RSL’s regarding levels of building costs, financial viability etc.

Siting and Design

3.11 The siting and design of the affordable dwellings will need to be agreed by the Council before the development commences. Detailed advice on design is contained within the Eden Design Guide. Further advice can be provided by the Councils Planning officers.

3.12 Affordable homes should be well integrated in a residential scheme by virtue of their design and siting. Units should be evenly spread throughout the development. It is important to ensure that there is no obvious visual distinction or social separation between the affordable and open market housing.

3.13 Affordable housing should be subject to high standards of design and landscaping. Where a developer builds the units for an RSL to manage, they should be built to the Housing Corporation’s Scheme Development Standards. Additionally, individual RSLs may also have their own standards and requirements.

3.14 The quality of materials and specification of any affordable units should ensure that future maintenance and running costs are low and should include energy efficient measures.

Off Site Contributions

3.15 If a site is acceptable in planning terms for housing, it should also be acceptable for affordable housing. Consequently, financial contributions to fund the provision of affordable housing on land elsewhere rather than providing it directly on site, will only be acceptable in very exceptional circumstances. If a developer considers that there are sound planning grounds for not physically providing affordable housing on a particular site, they should enter into discussions with the Council at the earliest convenient date. A financial contribution will only be acceptable in lieu of on site provision if both the developer and Council agree that this is the preferred approach to providing affordable housing for a particular community. The financial contribution will be based on the TCI of providing the total amount of affordable housing that would have normally been required on the site.

3.16 The financial contribution will be used to fund the provision of affordable housing elsewhere. Payments should be made within an agreed timescale set out in a planning obligation. As TCI rates are reviewed annually, the calculation of any contribution will be based on the figures applicable in the financial year in which the payment is actually made.

Viability

3.17 The Council will take account of any abnormal costs associated with the development that may justify a reduction in the affordable housing requirement. Where developers raise the viability of a scheme as an issue they will be requested to submit full financial details and valuations of the proposed development to enable the Council to assess and, if appropriate, review the requirement sought. This information should be provided as early as possible. No planning application will be determined until this information has been properly assessed. Standard development costs including travel and transport, drainage, landscaping and other infrastructural requirements will not usually be considered as being abnormal.

Affordable Housing In Rural Areas

3.18 In the absence of sufficient housing opportunities, the Local Plan contains specific policies to facilitate the provision of affordable homes in rural areas.

3.19 To avoid attempts to abuse concessions to normal policies of restraint, affordable housing schemes permitted in small and rural settlements must satisfy a range of criteria as set out in Policies H4 and H5. The full range of the Eden Local Plan Review Housing Policies H1–H14 can be obtained from the Councils Planning Policy section.

Establishing a Local Housing Need

3.20 To justify affordable dwellings provided through the exceptions approach or in a rural settlement, a local housing need must already exist within the community. Applicants promoting a group of affordable houses must seek the advice of the Council’s Housing Officers. They will need to demonstrate that there is a genuine need for the affordable housing within a community usually through an up to date survey. Such a survey must be verified by the Housing Officers and take account of any other known alternative provision. The onus will be on the applicants promoting a scheme to demonstrate that their proposal will meet the housing needs identified for a particular community effectively in terms of the number, tenure and size of dwellings being proposed.

3.21 In the case of a single affordable dwelling, equally clear evidence will be required to demonstrate that such a proposal is an appropriate response to the housing needs of the local community. Sufficient information will also be required to ensure that the occupants have a genuine local housing need in terms of their present accommodation and financial circumstances and that the proposed home provided is genuinely affordable taking into account the size of the dwelling and likely constructions costs. All information provided must be verified by the Council’s Housing Officers. In all cases, any properties developed will be the subject of 100% local occupancy conditions.

The Location of Rural Exception Schemes

3.22 Affordable housing exception schemes will only be permitted in those rural villages and settlements as identified in the Local Plan. Such proposals must be sited either within or adjoining the main built up area of a settlement. In assessing a proposal, full account will be taken of environmental considerations, rural accessibility and Local Plan policies.

3.23 The design, layout and landscaping of any proposal should reflect the sensitive character and nature of any exception site. All schemes must also comply with normal site planning requirements including highway, drainage, infrastructure and amenity considerations.

Removing Permitted Development Rights

3.24 A planning condition will usually be imposed removing permitted development rights on extensions and enlargement to retain control of the size of all affordable properties. This control will help ensure that dwellings remain affordable to meet the future housing needs of the local community.

Section 4 - Targets

4.1 The Council intends to measure the success of the Policy, by the annual monitoring of the following targets:

INDICATOR TARGET

 The number of affordable homes approved ...... min of 60 per year  Regular meetings held between the Council, RSL’s and Developers...... 4 per year  Parish Councils consulted by RSL/ developer on proposed schemes ...... 100% of relevant applications  Training seminars held for Councillors on affordable housing issues...... 1 per year  S106 agreements used on affordable housing schemes ...... 100% of applications

Section 5 – Points Of Contact And Further Actions

5.1 Developers will be encouraged to meet with the District Council before and during the life of the application in order to establish a good dialogue. Where appropriate, an agreed RSL(s) should also be involved at the earliest opportunity.

5.2 The Council will actively encourage local employers and institutional investors to explore means of providing affordable housing. 5.3 The Council will consider utilising proceeds from the Right to Buy sales, repaid improvement grants and capital receipts from the sale of Council owned land to fund land purchases or property in small settlements.

5.4 In partnership with the Market Town Initiative, the Council, through its housing, planning and economic development officers, will identify employers who have land available for sale or long term lease and seek to facilitate accommodation for local people and their staff.

5.5 The Council will promote self build projects and the renovation of ageing properties where appropriate, by offering grants in return for a s106 local occupancy condition.

5.6 The Council will work closely with other local authorities to review working practices and share examples of good practice in the delivery of affordable housing.

5.7 Further information and advice on the policies can be obtained from the following District Council Officers:-

Planning Policy Issues

Roger Hopcraft, Planning Policy Manager on 01768 212344 or Suzanne Kidger, Local Plans & Policy Officer on 01768 212157 or e-mail [email protected]

Housing Needs Issues

Louise Jackson, Housing Enabling Officer on 01768 212449 or Lee Walker, Housing Research Officer on 01768 212489 or email [email protected] APPENDIX TWO

APPENDIX THREE Eden Settlement Types – Draft. November 2003 Definitions

Settlement Type Description and facilities present

Other settlement/hamlet/place Nucleated collection of permanent dwellings Other Village with few services Nucleated collection of dwellings with 2 out of the following:  Church  Pub  Village Hall  Post Office  Bus or rail service at least twice a week

Village with services Nucleated collection of permanent dwellings 4 out of the following:  Church  Pub or Hotel  Village Hall  Post Office  Shop  Bus or rail service at least twice a week  Primary School Local Service Centre Nucleated collection of permanent dwellings with all of the following:  Pub  Village Hall  Bus or rail service Monday to Saturday  Primary school Plus 3 out of the following 4:  Post Office  Shop  Doctors surgery  Church Key Service Centre Nucleated collection of permanent dwellings with all of the following:  Church  Pub  Community Hall  Post Office  Doctors surgery  Bank  Bus or rail service Monday to Saturday  Primary School  Secondary School

Draft. Eden Settlement Types.doc19/02/2015 APPENDIX THREE Eden Settlement Types – Draft. November 2003

Key Service Centre Local Service Centre Village with services Other Village with few Other settlement/hamlet/place services Alston Armathwaite Ainstable Blencarn Aiketgate Little Musgrave Appleby Bolton Brampton Blencow Barras Little Ormside Kirkby Stephen Brough & Ch Brough Clifton Brougham Berrier Little Salkeld Penrith Greystoke Croglin Brough Sowerby Bleatarn Longdale (Tebay) Kirkby Thore Crosby Garrett Calthwaite Brackenber Longdales (Ains) Langwathby Crosby Rav’worth Cliburn Brownber Low Braithwaite Lazonby Culgaith Edenhall Burrells Melkinthorpe Nenthead Dufton Glassonby Catterlen Midland Hill Orton Eamont Bridge Great Musgrave Clifton Dykes Milburn Grange Shap Gamblesby Great Ormside Colby Millhouse Tebay Garrigill Great Strickland Coupland Beck Motherby Warcop Great Asby Hartley Crackenthorpe Murthwaite Great Salkeld Hilton Croft Ends - LM Nenthall Hackthorpe Hoff Drybeck Nentsberry High Hesket Hunsonby Ellonby Newlands Kings Meaburn Ivegill Flakebridge North Dykes (GSk) Kirkoswald Kaber Flitholme Oddendale Long Marton Kirkland Fort Putnam Outhgill Melmerby Knock Gaisgill Oxenthwaite Milburn Little Strickland Greenholme Raisebeck Morland Low Hesket Greenside Reagill Newton Reigny Maulds Meaburn Greystoke Gill Rookby North Stainmore Murton Gullom Roundtwaite Ousby Nateby Hardendale Ruckcroft Penruddock Newbiggin (Ains) Helbeck Salkeld Dykes Plumpton Newbiggin (Stain) Heggerscales Scale Houses Ravenstonedale Newbiggin (TS) High Bankhill Shap Wells Renwick Newggn-on Lune Highbridge Shoregill Sandford Newby High Head Sleagill Skelton Silverband Hutton End Smardale Soulby Skirwith Johnby South Dykes Stainton Sockbridge & Tirril Keld Southwaite Temple Sowerby Winskill Kelleth Staffield Winton Yanwath Laithes Stennersceugh Lamonby Thornship Leadgate Unthank (Gamb) Little Asby Unthank (Hutton) Littlebeck Waitby Weasdale

Draft. Eden Settlement Types.doc19/02/2015 Services in Eden ‘Settlements’ – Draft. November 2003 ELP 96 Type Pop Second Primar Rail Bus Bus Post Shop Church Village Public Hotel Bank Dr’s ary y Link Service Service Office Hall House Surgery School School daily 2 days

Settlement type Note. For a ‘Y’ and to be counted all facilities must be within the named settlement, apart from churches and KS = Key Service Centre village halls which must be within 1km walking distance by road or footpath from centre of named settlement. LS = Local Service Centre P = part time V = Village with services S = shared OV = Other Village with few services Near = for info only i.e. not counted OS = Other settlement/hamlet/place Population From C Agency stats - estimate Shop Selling basic food & h/h goods ie min milk, fresh bread, toilet rolls, tea, coffee, sugar - Could be within PO or garage Secondary School Church In use, any denomination form CoE website and list form Methodist Church Primary School Village/Community Hall In use for social events, meeting, clubs etc separate from school (From VAC & Electoral Services) Rail Link Daily service (Exc. tourist only routes) Public House Including pubs with accomm & b&b Bus Service (daily) i.e Mon to Sat Hotel/Inn 10 or more bedrooms, or 2* or above Bus Service 2 days a week At least 2 days a week Bank From yellow pages Post Office From PO website Dr’s Surgery From NHS website

ELP 96 Type Pop Second Primar Rail Bus Bus Post Shop Church Village Public Hotel Bank Dr’s ary y Link Service Service Office Hall House Surgery School School daily 2 days 1 Aiketgate HS2 OS 2 Ainstable HS1 V 129 Y Y Y Y 3 Alston HS1 KS Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y 4 Appleby HS1 KS Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y 5 Armathwaite HS1 LS 264 Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y 6 Barras OS Y 7 Berrier OS 53 Near 8 Bleatarn OS Y 9 Blencarn HS1 OV 108 Y Y Y 10 Blencow HS2 OV 90 Y Y Y 11 Bolton HS1 LS 238 Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y 12 Brackenber HS2 OS 13 Brampton HS2 V Y Y Y Y 14 Brough & Ch Br HS1 LS 418 Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y 15 Brougham OV 135 Y Y 16 Brough Sowerby HS2 OV 133 Y Y Y 17 Brownber OS 18 Burrells HS2 OS Y 19 Calthwaite HS1 OV 247 Y Y Y 20 Catterlen HS2 OS 125 Y 21 Cliburn HS1 OV 176 Y Y

Draft Service-Provision.doc19/02/2015 Services in Eden ‘Settlements’ – Draft. November 2003 ELP 96 Type Pop Second Primar Rail Bus Bus Post Shop Church Village Public Hotel Bank Dr’s ary y Link Service Service Office Hall House Surgery School School daily 2 days

22 Clifton HS1 V 175 Y Y Y Y Y Y 23 Clifton Dykes OS 21 24 Colby HS2 OS Y 25 Coupland Beck OS Y 26 Crackenthorpe HS2 OS 20 Y 27 Croft Ends - LM OS 40 28 Croglin HS2 V 90 Y Y Y Y Y 29 Crosby Garrett HS2 V Y Y Y Y 30 Crosby Rav’worth HS1 V 62 Y Y Y Y Y Y 31 Culgaith HS1 V 227 Y Y Y Y Y 32 Drybeck HS2 OS 33 Dufton HS1 V 97 Y Y Y Ys Y Y 34 Eamont Bridge HS1 V Y Ys Y Y 35 Edenhall HS2 OV 73 Y Y Y 36 Ellonby HS2 OS 5 37 Flakebridge OS 38 Flitholme OS 39 Fort Putnam OS 40 Gaisgill HS2 OS Y 41 Gamblesby HS2 V 168 Y Y Y Y 42 Garrigill HS1 V Y Y Y Y Y Y Y 43 Glassonby HS2 OV Y Y Y 44 Great Asby HS1 V Y Y Y Y Y 45 Great Musgrave HS2 OV 36 Y Y Y 46 Great Ormside HS2 OV Y Y Y 47 Great Salkeld HS1 V 46 Y Y Y Y Y 48 Great Strickland HS2 OV 62 Y Y Y 49 Greenholme OS 53 50 Greenside OS 51 Greystoke HS1 LS 304 Y Y Y Y Y Y Y 52 Greystoke Gill OS 53 Gullom OS Y 54 Hackthorpe HS1 V 88 Y Y Y Y 55 Hardendale OS

56 Hartley HS2 OV Y Ys 57 Helbeck OS 58 Heggerscales OS 59 High Bankhill OS 58 Y 60 Highbridge OS 61 High Head OS 62 High Hesket HS1 V 196 Y Y Y Y 63 Hilton HS2 OV Ys Ys 64 Hoff HS2 OV Y Y 65 Hunsonby HS2 OV 46 Y Y 66 Hutton End HS2 OS 14 Y 67 Ivegill HS2 OV 188 Y Y Y 68 Johnby HS2 OS 7 69 Kaber HS2 OV 15 Y Y Y 70 Keld HS2 OS ? 71 Kelleth HS2 OS 72 Kings Meaburn HS2 V Y Y Y Y 73 Kirkby Stephen HS1 KS Y Y Near Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y 74 Kirkby Thore HS1 LS 514 Y Y Y Y Y Y Y 75 Kirkland HS2 OV Y Y 76 Kirkoswald HS1 V 326 Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y 77 Knock HS2 OV 114 Y Ys Y 78 Laithes HS2 OS 14 Y 79 Lamonby HS2 OS 89 80 Langwathby HS1 LS 335 Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y 81 Lazonby HS1 LS 551 Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y 82 Leadgate OS 4 Y 83 Little Asby HS2 OS 84 Littlebeck OS 85 Little Musgrave HS2 OS 43 Y 86 Little Ormside OS 87 Little Salkeld HS2 OS 98 Y 88 Little Strickland HS2 OV Y Y Y 89 Longdale (Tebay) HS2 OS

90 Longdales (Ains) OS 28 91 Long Marton HS1 V 373 Y Y Y Y Y 92 Low Braithwaite OS 93 Low Hesket HS2 OV 228 Y Y Y 94 Maulds Meaburn HS2 OV 180 Y Y 95 Melkinthorpe HS2 OS 72 96 Melmerby HS1 V Y Y Y Y 97 Midland Hill OS Y 98 Milburn HS2 V 35 Y Y Y Y Near 99 Milburn Grange OS Near Near 100 Millhouse HS2 OS Y 101 Morland HS1 V 268 Y Y Y Y Y 102 Motherby HS2 OS 66 Y 103 Murthwaite OS 104 Murton HS2 OV Y Ys 105 Nateby HS2 OV Y Y Y 106 Nenthall OS Y Y 107 Nenthead HS1 LS 258 Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y 108 Nentsberry OS 18 109 Newbiggin (Ains) HS2 OV 81 Y Y 110 Newbiggin (Stain) HS1 OV 21? Y Y Y 111 Newbiggin (TS) HS1 OV 67 Y Y 112 Newggn-on Lune HS2 OV 85 Y Y Y 113 Newby HS2 OV Y Yp Yp 114 Newlands OS 115 Newton Reigny HS1 V 70 Y Y Y Y 116 North Dykes (GSk) HS2 OS 117 North Stainmore V Y Y Y Y 118 Oddendale OS 119 Orton HS1 LS 296 Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y 120 Ousby HS1 V 86 Y Y Y Y Y 121 Outhgill HS2 OS Y 122 Oxenthwaite OS 123 Penrith HS1 KS Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y

124 Penruddock V 185 Y Y Y Y Y 125 Plumpton HS1 V 210 Y Y Y Y Y 126 Raisebeck OS 38 127 Ravenstonedale HS1 V 186 Y Y Y Y Y Y 128 Reagill HS2 OS 68 Y 129 Renwick HS1 V 180 Y Y Y Y 130 Rookby OS 5 131 Roundtwaite OS 38 132 Ruckcroft HS2 OS 133 Salkeld Dykes HS2 OS Y 134 Sandford HS2 V Y Y Y Y 135 Scale Houses OS 136 Shap HS1 LS Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y 137 Shap Wells OS Y 138 Shoregill OS Ys 139 Silverband OV Y Y Y 140 Skelton HS1 V 89 Y Y Y Y Y Y 141 Skirwith HS2 OV Y Y Y 142 Sleagill HS2 OS Y 143 Smardale OS 144 Sockbridge & Tirril HS1 OV 74 Y Y Y 145 Soulby HS2 V 145 Y Y Y Y 146 South Dykes OS 40 147 Southwaite HS2 OS 168 148 Staffield OS 149 Stainton HS1 V 277 Y Y Y Y Y Y Y 150 Stennersceugh OS 151 Tebay HS1 LS 417 Y Y Y Y Y Y Y 152 Temple Sowerby HS1 V Y Y Y Y Y Y Y 153 Thornship OS 154 Unthank (Gamb) OS 155 Unthank (Hutton) HS2 OS Y 156 Waitby HS2 OS 28 157 Warcop HS1 LS Y Y Y Y Y Y Y

158 Weasdale OS 159 Winskill HS2 OV 95 Y Y Ys 160 Winton HS1 V Y Y Y Y 161 Yanwath HS2 OV 63 Y Y Y

NB Inclusion in this survey does not necessarily indicate the place in question is regarded as a ‘settlement’ for any planning proposes etc. Note: Buses No comprehensive printed timetable or internet info available which list all stops!

Draft Service-Provision.doc19/02/2015