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The Pottery Classification
Durham Research Online Deposited in DRO: 17 February 2009 Version of attached le: Published Version Peer-review status of attached le: Peer-reviewed Citation for published item: Kennet, D. (2004) 'Sasanian and Islamic pottery from Ras al-Khaimah (eBook version) : classication, chronology and analysis of trade in the Western Indian Ocean.', Oxford: Archaeopress. Society for Arabian Studies Monographs., 1 Further information on publisher's website: http://www.archaeopress.com/searchBar.asp?title=Sub+Seriesid=58sql=%5BSub+Series+ID%5D+%3D+58 Publisher's copyright statement: Additional information: Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. Durham University Library, Stockton Road, Durham DH1 3LY, United Kingdom Tel : +44 (0)191 334 3042 | Fax : +44 (0)191 334 2971 https://dro.dur.ac.uk Sasanian and Islamic pottery from Ras al-Khaimah (eBook version) Classification, chronology and analysis of trade in the Western Indian Ocean Derek Kennet with a contribution by Regina Krahl 1 2 Contents Contents .............................................................................................................................................. -
The Iqta' System of Iraq Under the Buwayhids Tsugitaka Sato
THE IQTA' SYSTEM OF IRAQ UNDER THE BUWAYHIDS TSUGITAKA SATO* In 334 A. H. (946 A.D.), having established his authority in Baghdad, Mu'izz al-Dawla granted iqta's in the Sawad to his commanders, his asso- ciates, and his Turks. This is the formation of the so-called "military" iqta' system in the Islamic history. The appearance of the military iqta's brought about not only the evolution of the Islamic state, but also the transformation of the Iraqi society during the 10-11th centuries and of the other countries in the following periods. Nizam al-Mulk understood this as the change from bistagan (cash pay) to iqta',(1) while al-Maqrizi described as the change from 'ata' to iqta' in the same meaning.(2) As for the iqta' system under the Buwayhids, H. F. Amedroz first translated the Miskawayh's text into English with annotations,(3) and then C. H. Becker tried to realize the iqta' system in the history of 'Lehen' from the early Islamic period to the Ottoman Turks.(4) A. A, al-Duri, who studied the economic history of the Buwayhid Iraq, made clear the character of iqta' comparing it with milk (private land) and waqf, though the reality of iqta' holding remained to be investigated in future.(5) On the other hand, Cl. Cahen published the general survey of iqta' in the history of the Islamic land holding, which gave us usefull informations concerning the right and obligation of soldiers, and the fall of peasants by way of himaya (protection) and the loan at high interest.(6) We also find the general description of iqta' in the study of H. -
Puschnigg, Gabrielle 2006 Ceramics of the Merv Oasis; Recycling The
Ceramics of the Merv Oasis: recycling the city Gabriele Puschnigg CERAMICS OF THE MERV OASIS PUBLICATIONS OF THE INSTITUTE OF ARCHAEOLOGY, UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON Director of the Institute: Stephen Sherman Publications Series Editor: Peter J. Ucko The Institute of Archaeology of University College London is one of the oldest, largest and most prestigious archaeology research facilities in the world. Its extensive publications programme includes the best theory, research, pedagogy and reference materials in archaeology and cognate disciplines, through publishing exemplary work of scholars worldwide. Through its publications, the Institute brings together key areas of theoretical and substantive knowledge, improves archaeological practice and brings archaeological findings to the general public, researchers and practitioners. It also publishes staff research projects, site and survey reports, and conference proceedings. The publications programme, formerly developed in-house or in conjunction with UCL Press, is now produced in partnership with Left Coast Press, Inc. The Institute can be accessed online at http://www.ucl.ac.uk/archaeology. ENCOUNTERS WITH ANCIENT EGYPT Subseries, Peter J. Ucko, (ed.) Jean-Marcel Humbert and Clifford Price (eds.), Imhotep Today (2003) David Jeffreys (ed.), Views of Ancient Egypt since Napoleon Bonaparte: Imperialism, Colonialism, and Modern Appropriations (2003) Sally MacDonald and Michael Rice (eds.), Consuming Ancient Egypt (2003) Roger Matthews and Cornelia Roemer (eds.), Ancient Perspectives on Egypt (2003) David O'Connor and Andrew Reid (eds.). Ancient Egypt in Africa (2003) John Tait (ed.), 'Never had the like occurred': Egypt's View of its Past (2003) David O'Connor and Stephen Quirke (eds.), Mysterious Lands (2003) Peter Ucko and Timothy Champion (eds.), The Wisdom of Egypt: Changing Visions Through the Ages (2003) Andrew Gardner (ed.), Agency Uncovered: Archaeological Perspectives (2004) Okasha El-Daly, Egyptology, The Missing Millennium: Ancient Egypt in Medieval Arabic Writing (2005) Ruth Mace, Clare J. -
Eghathat Al Umma Fi Kashf Al Ghumma” (The Rescue of the Nation Through Plight Eradication) Al- Mustansiriyah Plight As an Example*
The Economic Crises and Famine in Egypt as Chronicled by Al-Maqrizi in Hhis Book “Eghathat Al Umma Fi Kashf Al Ghumma” (The Rescue of the Nation Through Plight Eradication) Al- Mustansiriyah Plight as an Example* Dr. Ekhlas Mohammad al-Eidi** *Received: 8/8/2018, Accepted: 28/10/2018 **Assistant Professor/Al-Balqa' Applied University/ Jordan. 63 Journal of Al-Quds Open University for Humanities & Social Studies No.47 اﻷزمات اﻻقتصادية واملجاعات في مصر كما أرخ لها املقريزي Abstract في كتابه" إغاثة اﻷمة في كشف الغمة": الشدة املستنصرية أنموذجا This study addresses the economic crises and famine that Egypt went through throughout the Islamic history, with special focus on the great famine that afflicted Egypt during the reign of Caliph al- تبحث هذه الدراسة في اﻷزمات اﻻقتصادية واملجاعات التي Mustansir Billah - the fifth Caliph of the Fatimid State عاشتها مصر عبر التاريخ اﻹسﻻمي، مع التركيز على تلك املجاعة in Egypt. Historians named this famine as "al-Shidah الكبرى التي حلت بها إبان حكم الخليفة املستنصر باهلل_ خامس al-Mustansiriyah" (al-Mustansiriyah plight) as it was خلفاء الدولة الفاطمية في مصر-والتي أطلق عليها املؤرخون .one of the most severe famine that impacted Egypt لشدتها اسم" الشدة املستنصرية". The study started by reviewing the economic crises and famines that afflicted Egypt since the بدأت الدراسة باستعراض اﻷزمات اﻻقتصادية واملجاعات advent of Islamic rule in 21 AH/642 AD till the end of التي حلت بمصر منذ بداية الحكم اﻹسﻻمي سنة12ه/241م وحتى the Fatimid caliph reign, al-Mustansir Billah, in 487 نهاية حكم الخليفة املستنصر باهلل الفاطمي سنة 484هـ/2904م، AH/1094 AD. -
Fatimid Material Culture in Al-Andalus: Presences and Influences of Egypt in Al-Andalus Between the Xth and the Xiith Centuries A.D
Fatimid Material Culture in Al-Andalus: Presences and Influences of Egypt in Al-Andalus Between the Xth and the XIIth Centuries A.D. Zabya Abo Aljadayel Dissertation of Master of Archaeology September, 2019 Dissertation submitted to fulfil the necessary requirements to obtain a Master's Degree of Archaeology, held under the scientific orientation of Prof. André Teixeira and Prof.ª Susana Gómez Martínez. 2 | P a g e Zabya Abo aljadayel | 2019 To my family, friends and every interested reader لعائلتي, ﻷصدقائي و لكل قارئ مهتم 3 | P a g e Zabya Abo aljadayel | 2019 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I give my gratitude and love To my dear professors Susana and André for being more than advisors with their patience, kindness and support. To the Global Platform for Syrian Students for giving me the opportunity to come to Portugal to continue my higher education. In particular, I would like to commend the efforts of Dr Helena Barroco for being by my side in the formal and the nonformal situations. To FCSH-UNL for giving me a seat in the faculty. Moreover, to Dr Francisco José Gomes Caramelo and Dr João Soeiro de Carvalho for their kindness and academic support. To my beloved friends in CAM and in all Mértola for well receiving me there as a part of their lovely family. To Dr Susana Calvo Capilla and Dr María Antonia Martínez Núñez for their support. To my mother, I would say that Charles Virolleaud wasn’t entirely right when he said: “Tout homme civilisé a deux patries: la sienne et la Syrie.”. But, should have said: “Tout homme civilisé a trois patries: Sa mère, la sienne et la Syrie.”. -
Asing the Path for the Upcoming Muslim Conquerers
Timeline / 600 to 900 / ALL COUNTRIES Date Country | Description 582 - 602 A.D. Tunisia Reorganisation of the Byzantine Empire and institution of the Exarchate of Carthage, consolidating the pre-eminence of the military. 602 A.D. Syria Byzantine Emperor Maurice breaks the peace treaty with the Persians and invades Syria. War continues with both sides growing weak and weary, inadvertently easing the path for the upcoming Muslim conquerers. 610 A.D. Portugal Birth of Saint Fructuosus of Braga. 613 A.D. Jordan The Sassanian invasion of Syria (Bilad al-Sham) begins under the leadership of Shahrbaraz, causing the destruction of many cities. 614 A.D. Palestine* The Sassanian (Persian) army conquers Palestine during a campaign of occupation of Great Syria and Egypt. The conquest is very destructive, tens of churches are destroyed, and monasteries are sacked and burned. 614 A.D. Croatia Croats settle in the area between the Adriatic Sea and the Sava and Drava rivers. 619 A.D. Egypt Egypt, Jerusalem and Damascus come under the rule of the Persian Emperor Xerxes II. 622 A.D. Jordan On 4 September Prophet Muhammad emigrates with the Muslims to the town of Medina. This event known as Hijra and marks the beginning of the Hijri calendar. 627 A.D. Egypt Prophet Muhammad sends a letter to Cyrus, the Byzantine Patriarch of Alexandria and ruler of Egypt, inviting him to accept Islam. Cyrus sends gifts to the Prophet in answer, together with two sisters from Upper Egypt. The Prophet married one of them, called Maria the Copt. She bore him his only son, who died in boyhood. -
THE REIGN of AL-IHAKIM Bl AMR ALLAH ‘(386/996 - 41\ / \ Q 2 \ % "A POLITICAL STUDY"
THE REIGN OF AL-IHAKIM Bl AMR ALLAH ‘(386/996 - 41\ / \ Q 2 \ % "A POLITICAL STUDY" by SADEK ISMAIL ASSAAD Thesis submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the University of London May 1971 ProQuest Number: 10672922 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 10672922 Published by ProQuest LLC(2017). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States C ode Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 ABSTRACT The present thesis is a political study of the reign of al-Hakim Bi Amr Allah the sixth Fatimid Imam-Caliph who ruled between 386-411/ 996-1021. It consists of a note on the sources and seven chapters. The first chapter is a biographical review of al-Hakim's person. It introduces a history of his birth, childhood, succession to the Caliphate, his education and private life and it examines the contradiction in the sources concerning his character. Chapter II discusses the problems which al-Hakim inherited from the previous rule and examines their impact on the political life of his State. Chapter III introduces the administration of the internal affairs of the State. -
1 Sárközy Miklós Tabaristān Lokális Fejedelemségeinek Története A
Sárközy Miklós Tabaristān lokális fejedelemségeinek története a mongol kor előtt az iszlám idején Tartalomjegyzék I. Előszó 3. II. Az átírásról 6. III. Tabaristān földrajzi jellege 8. 1. A Kaszpi vidék éghajlata, fekvése 8. 2. A történeti Tabaristān 12. 3. Tabaristān régészete 19. IV. Források, problémák – a korai muszlim Tabaristān írott forrásai 28. 1. előzmények – a muszlim történetírás kezdetei 2. A muszlim történetírás első nagy művei: a hódítások és a kalifátus 31. Lokális vagy regionális krónikák 33. 3. Általános vagy dinasztikus krónikák 32. 4. A perzsa nyelvű lokális krónikák 37. 5. A Ôabaristāni krónikairodalom 40. 6. A Ôabaristāni krónikairodalom forrásai – egy példa 43. 7. Földrajzi munkák 52. 8. Szépirodalmi alkotások, életrajzi munkák 53. 9. Epigrafikus emlékek, pénzérmék 54. V. A Dābūyidák - a posztsāsānida korszak 64. VI.Tabaristān lokális dinasztiái az arab hódítást követően A Sāsānida eredetmítosz továbbélése a korai muszlim Tabaristānban 76. VII. A Qārinwand dinasztia a 8-10. században 88. 1. A Qārinwandok Tabaristānban 88. 2. Windād Hurmuzd és a Qārinwand kezdetek 89. 3. A Qārinwand hegemónia kora: Qārin és Māzyār 98. 4. Egy „ismeretlen” korszak a szakirodalomban – a Qārinwandok Māzyār után 103. 1 5. Windā Umīd b. Windād Hurmuzd fiai 105. 6. Windāspagān b. Sukhrā leszármazottai, az āmuli Qārinwandok 108. 7. Bādūspān b. Gurdzād ága, a lafūri Qārinwandok 110. VIII. A Bāwandida dinasztia Tabaristānban 114. 1. A Bāwandida dinasztia kezdetei és története az arab hódítás előtt 114. 2. Az arab hódítás kora és következményei – a Bāwandidák kezdetei 116. 3. A Qārinwand Māzyār és a Bāwandidák 119. 4. Qārin b. Šahryār politikája a Zaydita - Óāhirida szembenállás évtizedeiben 120. 5. Rustam b. -
Fatimid-Buyid Diplomacy During the Reign of Al-Aziz Billah
The Institute of Ismaili Studies * FÓimid-BÔyid Diplomacy During the Reign of Al-Az¯z billh (365/975- 386/996) Shainool Jiwa Abstract It is a coincidence of history that perhaps the greatest sovereign of the Fatimid dynasty, al- ‘Aziz billah, and the most powerful representative of Buyid rule, ‘Adud al-Dawla, were contemporaries. It was in the time of these two great rulers that Fatimid-Buyid diplomacy reached its high watermark. This article seeks to examine the reasons for the inception and termination of diplomacy between these two powers. Keywords Fatimid, Buyid, initiation of diplomacy, Abd al-Dawla, al-Aziz, strengthening Buyid rule, terminating the alliance Introduction The emergence of the FÓimids in North Africa ushered in a major revolution in the Islamic world. For the first time in Muslim annals, there were two rival caliphates, the active and expanding caliphate of the FÓimids and the waning authority of the `Abbsids of Baghdad, effectively controlled by their BÔyid protectors. When the FÓimids moved east to Egypt (in 358/969), interaction between these two caliphates became inevitable. It is a coincidence of history that perhaps the greatest sovereign of the FÓimid dynasty, al-`Az¯z billh, and the most powerful representative of BÔyid rule, `Aud al-Dawla (338/944-372/983), were contemporaries. It was in the time of these two great rulers that FÓimid- BÔyid diplomacy reached its high-water mark. Prior to `Aud al-Dawla's appearance on the political scene at Baghdad and after his departure from it, the other BÔyid am¯rs were too involved in interfamilial strife to have any contact – friendly or otherwise - with the FÓimid ruler al-`Az¯z. -
Important Coins of the Islamic World
Important Coins of the Islamic World To be sold by auction at: Sotheby’s, in the Lower Grosvenor Gallery The Aeolian Hall, Bloomfield Place New Bond Street London W1A 2AA Day of Sale: Thursday 2 April 2020 at 12.00 noon Public viewing: Nash House, St George Street, London W1S 2FQ Monday 30 March 10.00 am to 4.30 pm Tuesday 31 March 10.00 am to 4.30 pm Wednesday 1 April 10.00 am to 4.30 pm Or by previous appointment. Catalogue no. 107 Price £15 Enquiries: Stephen Lloyd or Tom Eden Cover illustrations: Lots 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 (front); lots 43, 63 (back); A selection of coins struck in Makka (inside front); lots 26, 27 (inside back) Nash House, St George Street, London W1S 2FQ Tel.: +44 (0)20 7493 5344 Email: [email protected] Website: www.mortonandeden.com This auction is conducted by Morton & Eden Ltd. in accordance with our Conditions of Business printed at the back of this catalogue. All questions and comments relating to the operation of this sale or to its content should be addressed to Morton & Eden Ltd. and not to Sotheby’s. Online Bidding This auction can be viewed online at www.invaluable.com, www.numisbids.com, www.emax.bid and www. biddr.ch. Morton & Eden Ltd offers live online bidding via www.invaluable.com. Successful bidders using this platform will be charged a fee of 3.6% of the hammer price for this service, in addition to the Buyer’s Premium fee of 20%. This facility is provided on the understanding that Morton & Eden Ltd shall not be responsible for errors or failures to execute internet bids for reasons including but not limited to: i) a loss of internet connection by either party ii) a breakdown or other problems with the online bidding software iii) a breakdown or other problems with your computer, system or internet connection. -
What's at Stake for the Gulf Arab States in Syria?
What’s at Stake for the Gulf Arab States in Syria? Hussein Ibish June 30, 2016 What’s at Stake for the Gulf Arab States in Syria? Hussein Ibish Issue Paper #6 2016 The Arab Gulf States Institute in Washington (AGSIW), established in 2014, is an independent, non-profit institution dedicated to increasing the understanding and appreciation of the social, economic, and political diversity of the Arab Gulf states. Through expert research, analysis, exchanges, and public discussion, the institute seeks to encourage thoughtful debate and inform decision makers shaping U.S. policy regarding this critical geo-strategic region. © 2016 Arab Gulf States Institute in Washington. All rights reserved. AGSIW does not take institutional positions on public policy issues; the views represented herein are the author’s own and do not necessarily reflect the views of AGSIW, its staff, or its Board of Directors. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without permission in writing from AGSIW. Please direct inquiries to: Arab Gulf States Institute in Washington 1050 Connecticut Avenue, NW Suite 1060 Washington, DC 20036 This publication can be downloaded at no cost at www.agsiw.org. Photo Credit: AP/Pool Credit: Mandel Ngan - Pool/Getty Images Photo Credit: Mandel Ngan - Pool/Getty Images About the Author Hussein Ibish is a senior resident scholar at the Arab Gulf States Institute in Washington. He previously served as a senior fellow at the American Task Force on Palestine, executive director of the Foundation for Arab-American Leadership, and communications director for the American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee. -
Institutional Adaptation to Environmental Change
Institutional Adaptation to Environmental Change Leander Heldring∗ Robert C. Alleny Mattia C. Bertazziniz November 2019 JOB MARKET PAPER. LATEST VERSION HERE Abstract In this paper we show that states form to overcome the adverse effects of environmental change. In a panel dataset of settlement, state formation, and public good provision in southern Iraq between 5000BCE and today, we estimate the effect of a series of river shifts. We hypothesize that a river shift creates a collective action problem in communally organizing irrigation, and creates demand for a state. We show four main results. First, a river shift negatively affects settlement density, and therefore incen- tivizes canal irrigation. Second, a river shift leads to state formation, centralization of existing states, and the construction of administrative buildings. Third, these states raise taxes, and build canals to replace river irrigation. Finally, where canals are built, river shifts no longer negatively affect settlement. Our results support a social contract theory of state formation: citizens faced with a collective action problem exchange resources and autonomy for public good provision. Keywords: Environmental Change, States, Collective Action, Iraq. JEL classification: O10, O13, H70, Q5. ∗Job market candidate. Institute on Behavior & Inequality (briq), Schaumburg-Lippe-Strasse 5-9 53113 Bonn, Germany. E-mail: [email protected]. Website: www.leanderheldring.com. yFaculty of Social Science, New York University Abu Dhabi, Saadiyat Marina District, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. E-mail: [email protected]. zDepartment of Economics and Nuffield College, University of Oxford, 10 Manor Road, OX1 3UQ Oxford, United Kingdom. E- mail: [email protected].