Sustainable Forest Management Plan Tatla Lake Operating Area Chilcotin Forest District, Williams Lake TSA

Term: April 1, 2003 to December 31, 2004 FIA Project # 1007001

Submitted by: Tsi Del Del Enterprises Ltd. P.O. Box 4225, Williams Lake, B. C. V2G 2V3

Prepared by: DWB Forestry Services Limited Box 98, Lac La Hache, BC, V0K 1T0

March 31, 2003 Tatla Lake Sustainable Forest Management Plan March 31, 2003

The Tatla Lake Sustainable Forest Management Plan was prepared by:

______Dave W. Bedford, R.P.F. DWB Forestry Services Ltd. Company Forester

______Steve Capling, R.P.F. DWB Forestry Services Ltd. Forester

The Tatla Lake Sustainable Forest Management Plan was approved by:

______Philippe F. Theriault, R.P.F. Tsi Del Del Enterprises Ltd. Operations Forester

______Brian Hansen Tsi Del Del Enterprises Ltd. General Manager

Date: March 31, 2003.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 INTRODUCTION ...... 1 1.1 PURPOSE...... 1 1.2 DESCRIPTION OF TATLA PLANNING AREA ...... 2 1.3 MANAGEMENT RESPONSIBILITY ...... 3 1.4 PLANNING HISTORY AND PROGRESS...... 3 1.5 LICENSEE AND STAKEHOLDERS ...... 5

2.0 SUSTAINABLE FOREST MANAGEMENT PRINCIPLES...... 9 2.1 SUSTAINABLE FOREST MANAGEMENT POLICY...... 9 2.2 LINKING SUSTAINABLE FOREST MANAGEMENT PLAN’S PRINCIPLES TO CRITERIA AND INDICATORS...... 10 2.3 TSI DEL DEL FOREST CERTIFICATION...... 11

3.0 FOREST MANAGEMENT INVENTORY AND PLANNING...... 12 3.1 RESOURCE INVENTORIES ...... 12 3.1.1 Forest Cover...... 14 3.1.2 Environmentally Sensitive Areas...... 14 3.1.3 Archaeological Overview Assessment ...... 14 3.1.4 Archaeological Impact Assessments ...... 14 3.1.5 Traditional Use Studies...... 14 3.1.6 Recreation ...... 15 3.1.7 Terrain Stability...... 15 3.1.8 Ecosystem Mapping ...... 15 3.1.9 Streams and Lakes...... 15 3.1.10 Wildlife...... 15 3.1.11 Visual Landscape ...... 16 3.1.12 Wildcraft ...... 16 3.1.13 Tatla Planning Polygons ...... 16 3.2 LINKAGES TO RESOURCE PLANS: STRATEGIC AND OPERATIONAL PLANS ...... 17 3.2.1 Higher Level Plans...... 17 3.2.2 Landscape Unit Plans...... 19 3.2.3 Forest Development Plans...... 21 3.2.4 Stand Level Prescriptions ...... 21 3.2.5 Adaptive Management...... 22 4.0 FOREST MANAGEMENT STRATEGY ...... 23 4.1 PRINCIPLE # 1: ECONOMICALLY VIABLE FOREST MANAGEMENT...... 27 4.1.1 Criteria 1: Multiple benefits ...... 27 4.1.1.1 Element: Long Term Productive Capacity/Timber Supply...... 27 4.1.1.2 Element: Non-timber forest products ...... 30 4.1.1.3 Element: Employment...... 32 4.1.1.4 Element: Contractor Commitment...... 33 4.1.1.5 Element: Access Management ...... 34 4.1.1.6 Element: Recreation and Tourism ...... 36 4.1.1.7 Element: Harvest Systems...... 42

Tsi Del Del Enterprises Limited Page iii Tatla Lake Sustainable Forest Management Plan March 31, 2003 4.1.1.8 Element: Research and Development ...... 43 4.2 PRINCIPLE # 2: ENVIRONMENTALLY APPROPRIATE FOREST MANAGEMENT ...... 45 4.2.1 Criteria 1: Conservation of Biological Diversity...... 45 4.2.1.1 Element: Ecosystem Diversity...... 46 4.2.1.2 Element: Species Diversity ...... 57 4.2.1.3 Element: Genetic Diversity...... 62 4.2.2 Criteria 2: Maintenance and Enhancement of Forest Ecosystem Condition and Productivity ...... 64 4.2.2.1 Element: Forest Health ...... 64 4.2.2.2 Element: Forest Ecosystem Productivity...... 66 4.2.3 Criteria 3: Conservation of soil and water resources...... 68 4.2.3.1 Element: Soil resources...... 68 4.2.3.2 Element: Water Resources...... 70 4.2.4 Criteria 4: Contribution to Global Ecological Cycles ...... 71 4.2.4.1 Element: Element Recycling ...... 72 4.2.4.2 Element: Utilization and Regeneration...... 74 4.3 PRINCIPLE #3: SOCIALLY BENEFICIAL FOREST MANAGEMENT...... 75 4.3.1 Criteria 1: Accepting Society’s Responsibility for Sustainable Development ...... 75 4.3.1.1 Element: First Nations ...... 75 4.3.1.1.1 Alexis Creek Indian Band...... 75 4.3.1.1.2 Nemiah ...... 76 4.3.1.2 Element: Communities ...... 79 4.3.1.3 Element: Compliance...... 80 5.0 TPA POLYGONS: DESCRIPTION AND OBJECTIVES...... 82

6.0 FURTHER RESOURCE INVENTORIES ...... 84 6.1 COORDINATED ACCESS MANAGEMENT PLAN ...... 84 6.2 VISUALS...... 84 6.3 RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ...... 84

7.0 REFERENCES ...... 85

APPENDICES ...... 87 Appendix 1: Biogeoclimatic Zone Map for the Tatla Planning Area ...... 87

Appendix 2: Natural Disturbance Type Map for the Tatla Planning Area...... 88

Appendix 3: Tatla Planning Polygon Map...... 89

Appendix 4: Listing of the TPA Polygons, with Harvest/No Harvest prescriptions for “Base Case 12”,...... 90

Appendix 5: Sustainable Forest Management Plan Area showing Cariboo- Chilcotin Land-Use Plan Zones ...... 92

Appendix 6: Draft Landscape Units from Biodiversity Conservation Strategy (July 1996)...... 93

Appendix 7: Designated Trapline Areas within the Tatla Planning Area ...... 94

Tsi Del Del Enterprises Limited Page iv Tatla Lake Sustainable Forest Management Plan March 31, 2003 Appendix 8: Guide Territories within the Tatla Planning Area...... 95

Appendix 9: List of Contractors used by Tsi Del Del...... 96

Appendix 10: Homathko River - Tatlayoko Protected Area...... 98

Appendix 11: Calculation of “Old Forest” requirements for each draft landscape unit by Biogeoclimatic Zone and SFMP polygon...... 101

Appendix 12: Summary Table of OGMA’s and No Harvest areas for the Tatla SFMP...... 103

Appendix 13: Map showing locations of Base Case 12 TPA OGMA’s and No Harvest Areas within the Tatla SFMP...... 112

Appendix 14: Biodiversity Reserve Table ...... 113

Appendix 15: Map showing First Nation’s areas of interests over the SFMP area114

Appendix 16: List of Wilderness Tourism Association Objectives for the SFMP area...... 115

Appendix 17: Mule Deer Winter Range and Caribou Delineated Zones ...... 116

Appendix 18: Indicator Reporting Period Table ...... 117

Appendix 19: List of Proposed Tsi Del Del FIA Projects...... 122

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LIST OF TABLES

Table 3.1: Resource Inventory Status ...... 12 Table 3.2: Resource Development Zones ...... 19 Table 3.3: Draft Landscape Units and Biodiversity Emphasis...... 20 Table 4.1: Summary of Forest Management Strategy...... 24 Table 4.2: Current Monitoring and Protection Measures used by Tsi Del Del within their Operating Areas of the Tatla Planning Area...... 29 Table 4.3: Utilization Specifications for Tsi Del Del’s Forest Licence A60508...... 29 Table 4.4: Percent Restricted Access by CCLUP Zone...... 34 Table 4.5: List of “No Harvest” Polygons with Associated Recreational Use ...... 36 Table 4.6: Visual Quality Objectives Based on % Alteration (for Clearcut and Seedtree Silviculture Systems)...... 37 Table 4.7: Visual Quality Objectives using Even Distribution, Leave Tree, Partial-Cutting Silvicultural Systems ...... 38 Table 4.8: Backcountry targets by CCLUP Sub-Unit/Zone ...... 39 Table 4.9: CCLUP Zone’s No Harvest and Restricted Access Areas (ha) ...... 40 Table 4.10: Summary of the CCLUP zonal targets for tourism: ...... 41 Table 4.11: Minimum old requirements for each Natural Disturbance Type and Biogeoclimatic Zone by Biodiversity Emphasis (percent) ...... 48 Table 4.12: Target Ranges for Temporal & Spatial Distribution of Cutblocks...... 50 Table 4.13: Present WTP Retention Targets by Landscape Unit ...... 52 Table 4.14: Riparian Classification and Management Strategies...... 54 Table 4.15: List of Wildlife species that may be at risk in the TPA ...... 59 Table 4.16: List of Plant species that may be at risk in the TPA...... 60 Table 4.17: List of Plant communities that may be at risk in the TPA ...... 61 Table 4.18: Current Forest Health Conditions and Protection Measures ...... 64 Table 5.1: Tatla Planning Area Polygons ...... 82

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LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1.1: Tatla Planning Area General Location Map...... 2

Figure 3.1: Relationship between SFMPs and other planning initiatives...... 18

Figure 4.1: Riparian Management Aarea showing the application of a management zone and a reserve zone along the stream channel (source: Riparian Management Guidebook)...... 53

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ACRONYMS

AAC - Annual Allowable Cut ACIB - Alexis Creek Indian Band AIA - Archaeological Impact Assessment AOA - Archaeological Overview Assessment CCLUP - Cariboo-Chilcotin Land-Use Plan CWD - Coarse Woody Debris DLU - Draft Landscape Unit DTM - Digital Terrain Model FPC - Forest Practices Code of BC Act FIA - Forest Investment Account HLP - Higher Level Plan IRMZ - Integrated Resource Management Zone MOF - Ministry of Forests MSRM - Ministry of Sustainable Resource Management MWLAP - Ministry of Water, Land and Air Protection NDT - Natural Disturbance Type OGMA - Old Growth Management Area OPSPR - Operational and Site Planning Regulation Riverside - Riverside Forest Products Ltd. SFMP - Sustainable Forest Management Plan SRDZ - Special Resource Development Zone SRP - Sub-Regional Plan TDD - Tsi Del Del TPA - Tatla Planning Area TRA - Tatla Resource Association TSA - Timber Supply Analysis TUS - Traditional Use Study VIA - Visual Impact Assessment VLI - Visual Landscape Inventory VQO - Visual Quality Objective WCTA - West Chilcotin Tourism Association WTA - Wilderness Tourism Association

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1.0 INTRODUCTION

The Tatla Sustainable Forest Management Plan (SFMP) Area is located west of Williams Lake in the Tatla Supply Block. It is a small portion of the Williams Lake Timber Supply Area and an even smaller portion of the area covered by the Cariboo- Chilcotin Land-Use Plan (CCLUP). Under the CCLUP a series of strategies; Biodiversity, Mule Deer, Caribou and Short Term Timber have been developed to manage specific resources.

Sub-Regional Plans (SRP’s) are being developed to apply the various strategies on the landscape to assess their impact on each other, to integrate them so that all the targets can be met and to provide direction at the operational plan level. This integration necessarily requires negotiation or interpretation in the application of the various strategies.

It has been the hope of Tsi Del Del Enterprises Ltd. (Tsi Del Del), the Wilderness Tourism Association (WTA), the West Chilcotin Tourism Association (WCTA) and the Tatla Resource Association (TRA) to be involved with the development of a plan that addresses concerns specific to the Tatla area that would form part of the Chilcotin Sub- Regional Plan that has led to the Tatla Resource Project and the Tatla SFMP. Over the past two years Tsi Del Del has been involved with the WTA, WCTA and TRA to draft the polygons and develop the management objectives for each polygon that form the basis for the SFMP.

Since it is sometimes difficult to meet regional targets over small portions of the region, because some targets do not apply, or have a small influence on the smaller area, it is understood that no sub-regional plan can stand on it’s own. Therefore the plan can only be finalized when all the sub-regional plans have been completed and their impacts tested to ensure all regional targets are met.

It must be stated that the SFMP and the Objectives for management are the vision of Tsi Del Del Enterprises Ltd and not those of the Alexis Creek Indian Band. As a joint venture company, Tsi Del Del Enterprises Ltd. will continue to have discussions with First Nations with regard to the Tatla Planning area and incorporate First Nations concerns into the plan where possible. First Nation support for this process is not to be implied. The term of the plan is April 1, 2003 to December 31, 2004. It will be revised in 2005 with the submission of the first Forest Stewardship Plan and updated every five years thereafter coinciding with each revision of the Forest Stewardship Plan.

1.1 Purpose

In recent years there has been increasing concern over sustainability and forest management. This concern has led to significant public involvement into land use planning, particularly in the western portions of the Williams Lake Timber Supply Area.

The SFMP will provide objectives to guide management activities and provide direction for the preparation of operational plans. The SFMP contains measurable parameters in the form of indicators that will be used to monitor the achievement of sustainable forest management objectives. As new information becomes available the SFMP will allow for adaptive management practices to respond to changes in society’s values.

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1.2 Description of Tatla Planning Area

The “Tatla Planning Area” (TPA) is located approximately 220 kilometers west of Williams Lake. It is 688,290 hectares in size, contains 389,491 hectares of “productive forest land”, and stretches from the Chilko River on the east to the height of land above the Kleena Kleene River on the west and from Satah Mountain on the north to Mount Bess on the south (See Figure 1.1). It includes portions of the flat Chilcotin Plateau in the north and northwest, rolling terrain in the center and high mountains with deep valleys in the south.

The Tatla Planning Area includes the communities of Tatla Lake and several sub- communities, including Tatlayoko Lake, West Branch, Eagle Lake, Cochin Lake, and Chilko. The Alexis Creek Indian Band, located at Redstone, is situated about twenty- five kilometers to the east of the plan area. Overall population of the Tatla area is approximately five hundred people (including First Nations), concentrated in the central portion of the planning area. The mountainous southern section, as well as the northern plateau section, is essentially uninhabited.

Figure 1.1: Tatla Planning Area General Location Map.

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The Tatla Planning Area consists of 5 biogeoclimatic zones:

• Sub-Boreal Pine Spruce (SBPS) zone occurs primarily on the northern area of the TPA. • Montane Spruce (MS) zone occurs at middle elevations in the northern areas of the TPA, generally below the SBPS zone. • Interior Douglas-fir (IDF) zone dominates lower to middle elevations in the southern areas. • Engelmann Spruce-Subalpine Fir (ESSF) zone is the uppermost forested elevations. • Alpine Tundra (AT) zone occurs above the ESSF zone.

1.3 Management Responsibility

It is recognized that Tsi Del Del is not the only entity with management responsibility within the Tatla Planning Area. The British Columbia Ministry of Forests (MOF) has the overall authority for approval of all operational plans within the area. The Parks Branch of the Ministry of Water, Land and Air Protection (MWLAP) is responsible for the development of management plans within the Homathko River - Tatlayoko Protected Area.

Tsi Del Del operates under a Forest License, which gives an annual volume allocation but does not give exclusive operating rights over a specific area. Tsi Del Del has an “operating area agreement” with other Licensees but this is only recognized by the signatories. Other Licensees, particularly British Columbia Timber Sales, may operate within the SFMP area. Therefore, it is important to have the objectives established as part of the SRP so that they are not voluntary and apply to all Licensees.

The Ministry of Sustainable Resource Management (MSRM) is presently tasked with developing Sub-Regional Plans (SRP’s) for all of the areas within the Cariboo-Chilcotin Land-Use Plan (CCLUP) that are consistent with the objectives outlined in the CCLUP. It is expected that the objectives developed for the Tatla Planning Area will be incorporated into the Chilcotin Sub-Regional Plan.

1.4 Planning History and Progress

Tatla Lake, Westbranch and Tatlayoko valleys have a history of forestry through multiple Licensees. The Tatlayoko valley was home to a major sawmill in the 1960’s and early 70’s.

Tsi Del Del was awarded its first forest license (FL A49778) in 1995. The License was awarded specifically in the portion of the Williams Lake Timber Supply Area described as the Three Western Supply Blocks. Since Tsi Del Del is a joint venture between the Alexis Creek Indian Band and Riverside Forest Products, it was a natural fit to overlap the new joint venture’s operations with the Alexis Creek Indian Band traditional territory and to focus on area close to the reservation.

The first three to four years of operations on FL A49778 were devoted to the salvage of beetle-killed timber throughout the Tatla Supply Block, mostly north of Highway 20, in the Chantslar Lake area. Planning exercises identified some potential for development south of Highway 20, around the community of Tatla Lake. By moving the operations throughout the planning area, Tsi Del Del ensured utilization of the full timber profile and adherence to acceptable cut and leave patterns for seral stage distribution.

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In the last Forest Development Plan for FL A49778, Tsi Del Del identified 'information' blocks in the Niut and Eagle Lake area. The blocks were left as information only to allow for more planning. At the time, Tsi Del Del agreed to a two-year deferral to allow for more planning.

In 2000, Tsi Del Del was awarded Forest License A60508 to replace the FL A49778. The new license has a ten-year term. When preparing the first forest development plan for this new license, Tsi Del Del Enterprises did not have a recognized planning area. Beetle salvage depleted large tracts of mature forest in the Chantslar, Redbrush and Palmer areas and the company was faced with having to move its operations into new, more contentious and populous areas. The Caribou Strategy also had impacts on the available harvest areas. The logical alternative was to pursue the potential proposals south of Highway 20, previously identified as Information Blocks in the preceding plan.

The plan was submitted for public review and it became clear that Tsi Del Del and the Tatla community had conflicting views. After a confrontational start in the summer of 2001, both parties began discussing land management issues and options.

Under the umbrella of the TRA, the community came up with a strategic management plan known as the Tatla Resource Plan. That plan has been in the making for more than four years and countless volunteer hours have been devoted to collecting public comments and data. The Tatla Resource Plan was to be submitted to the government agencies as part of the upcoming Sub-Regional Plan for the Chilcotin Forest District and there was some reluctance to distribute the plan to forest companies.

After numerous meetings and discussion, the plan was made available to Tsi Del Del. Based on that piece of data, the initial forest development plan was re-designed to match some of the Tatla Plan objectives. That good faith gesture made it easier for both groups to start working together on some of the land-use issues.

One of the key issues in the Tatla area was centered around its flourishing tourism industry. Initial meetings were held between Tsi Del Del and the WCTA in the fall of 2000. Based on these meetings, the WTA of BC approached Riverside Forest Products to come up with a forestry/tourism pilot project. The objective was to design a pilot area to test some innovative forestry practices to see what could be done to integrate forestry and tourism.

Tsi Del Del and the Wilderness Tourism Association first collaborated on a joint forestry/tourism industry plan starting in January 2001. Once agreement in principle to proceed was reached, initial strategic planning at the 1:250,000 scale was undertaken. When the areas of interest were identified, it became obvious that much of the landbase requirements of the two interests did not overlap. The areas where tourism and forestry were overlapped were also identified as important to the local community through the Tatla Community Plan undertaken by the Tatla Resource Association. Recognizing this interest, the process was then enlarged to include the local community in the planning operation.

The result is a plan (Base case 12 - see Appendix 4) that reflects the objectives of the forest industry, the tourism industry, and the local Communities while also making efforts to address First Nation traditional uses. The Tatla Lake Resource Plan provides the basis for the SFMP.

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1.5 Licensee and Stakeholders Tsi Del Del Enterprises Ltd. is a joint venture company owned equally by the Alexis Creek Indian Band (ACIB) and Riverside Forest Products Limited (Riverside). The company has been operating since November 7, 1992. It has been successful in creating employment and business opportunities for ACIB members, other Chilcotin natives and local non-native people of the Chilcotin area. Tsi Del Del has also provided a means of cooperation and conflict resolution between native communities and the forest industry in general.

Alexis Creek Indian Band (ACIB)

ACIB Mission Statement

To empower our people to lead healthier lifestyles by educating, supporting and promoting independence.

The Alexis Creek Indian Band is located roughly 110 km west of Williams Lake; IR lands total 3993 hectares in thirty-seven reserves. The band is named after Chief Alexis, a leader of the Chilcotin Indians and is part of the Chilcotin linguistic group. Chilcotin People originally lived at Anaham near Alexis Creek. Chilcotin means, "People of the blue water". (http://www.rootsweb.com/~bccaribo/geolinks.html) The Band is part of the larger Tsilhqot’in National Government.

The Alexis Creek Indian Band has been located at Redstone Flats since the early 1900’s. Most families lived elsewhere, moving about the country with the seasons, doing contract work for ranches, trapping, hunting, fishing and gathering what they needed to survive. Families were largely independent and came together for large community gatherings throughout the year (source: Sage Birchwater, Alexis Creek Indian Band web site).

The main reserve is home to 353 aboriginal people with another 132 living off the reserve. Water is supplied to the dwellings on the reserve via a heated main from one community well and one reservoir. Sewage is disposed in septic tanks. Police protection is provided by the RCMP detachment in Alexis Creek while postal services are provided by Chilanko Falls. Health care is provided in Williams Lake.

Facilities available on the reserve include a community hall, a band office, a machine shed, a warehouse, a school complex, and a teacherage. Economic activities include farming, cattle ranching, and forestry related activities (http://www.indianlife.org/reserves/bc/probca58.php).

Riverside Forest Products

“Riverside Forest Products Limited (Riverside) is an integrated forest products company in the business of harvesting timber and producing lumber, plywood, veneer and wood chips. Riverside produces high quality, softwood forest products for customers in Canada, the United States, Japan and numerous countries in the European Economic Community. Riverside is the largest plywood producer in Canada and has been steadily increasing its production of value-added plywood and lumber products in response to changing customer needs.

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Solid wood products and wood chips are produced at Riverside’s four stud lumber sawmills, one dimension lumber sawmill, two plywood plants and one veneer plant. In addition, the Company operates a remanufacturing facility, whole log chipping facilities, a tie treating and processing facility and a seedling nursery.

Manufacturing and forestry operations are located within the province of British Columbia primarily in the Okanogan and Cariboo regions. The company has close to 3000 employees and contractors throughout the province of BC. Corporate headquarters are in Kelowna and manufacturing divisions are located in Kelowna, Winfield, Armstrong, Lumby, Ashcroft, Williams Lake and Soda Creek.

Riverside maintains the highest standards of forest management in order to ensure that there will always be a sustained yield of timber for the future. To support Riverside’s forestry program, the company operates a large indoor seedling nursery at Armstrong.

A strong corporate commitment to the environment is evidenced by on-site remanufacturing operations, and extensive energy conversion programs that help Riverside to reduce, reuse and recycle.

Riverside Forest Products Limited operates in accordance with the “Principles of Sustainable Forestry”, respecting the rights of other people and future generations to use and derive benefits from the forest. We operate under one of the toughest sets of forestry regulations in the world.” (Source: Riverside Forest Products website: httm://www.riverside.bc.ca/facilities/williamslake.htm).

Tsi Del Del Enterprises Ltd. (Tsi Del Del)

Tsi Del Del Enterprises Ltd. was formed between Jacobson Brothers Forest Products Ltd. (JB) and the Alexis Creek Indian Band in 1992. The formation of this company was the result of an understanding reached over several years of negotiations between the two parties. The following is a brief description of how and why this enterprise was initiated and where it is today.

The ACIB had always felt the need to improve the economic and social conditions in the community and grow in terms of being self-reliant. The ACIB envisioned a community that is not only more prosperous but also stronger, more skilful, and self-assured. The band had realized in order to achieve these goals it was up to them to take action and find ways to fulfill these objectives.

It was decided that the creation of a Band owned logging and forestry company could address many of the Band needs. A logging venture had the potential to create long- term jobs and increase the Bands revenue. Furthermore, timber harvesting is the main industry in the area.

An inventory of the band resources showed that their Band members had the ability to organize projects and programs and had experienced loggers but lacked the managerial and technical skills needed to operate a venture of this capacity. The ACIB also did not have the required capital to purchase equipment and access to a timber supply was limited. Knowing this, the ACIB approached JB and the possibility of a joint venture arose from these discussions.

Jacobson Bros. had been using ACIB contractors for silviculture work over a four to five year period and recognized a need for further employment opportunities for native people. It became clear that native involvement was needed in the planning and

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development phases of integrated forest management in the ACIB traditional territory, and in an effort to prevent a confrontation in land use JB decided that a joint venture company would benefit everyone.

Both parties began working together and researched possible avenues of developing such a venture. JB and ACIB representatives visited a successful joint venture company in the north to find out about their operations and difficulties that they had encountered. After considering numerous factors, an agreement was reached. It was decided JB and ACIB would own the company on an equal basis (50/50). The company, Tsi Del Del, was incorporated in September of 1992.

It began operations as a conventional logging company with a 966 loader, grapple skidder and hand buckers. Over the next few years the company contracted to Jacobson Bros. under their beetle incentive license and steadily grew in capacity. In the spring of 1994 Riverside acquired Jacobson Bros. and became the new joint venture partner.

In July of 1994 Tsi Del Del was offered a five-year non-replaceable forest license for 60,000 m3 per year. With this security in place the company spent $1.5 million in capital to convert its operations to mechanical roadside. We would like to note that this capital was not secured by government grants and was financed from the company’s retained earnings and a local lending institution.

With the integration to mechanical logging Tsi Del Del embarked on an extensive operator-training program. In addition the company began a forestry crew to undertake much of the field activities of the new license. This also involved an extensive training program.

Today Tsi Del Del has evolved to become a full-fledged forest products company. We plan, develop, market, log and conduct silviculture work on our own license and act as a consultant / contractor to other licensees.

The company is administered through three departments; log sales, harvesting and forestry consulting. Each department is managed as a profit centre with harvesting and forestry consulting providing services to log sales as well as other licensees. Log Sales is responsible for the administration and supervision of Forest License A60508. The harvesting department currently produces 90,000 m3 annually both from our Forest License and other licensees. The forestry-consulting department is headed by a Nicola Valley Institute of Training graduate and has a full time crew of five and does extensive consulting for other licensees.

BC Wilderness Tourism Association

The BC Wilderness Tourism Association (WTA) exists to ensure the ongoing viability of the wilderness tourism interest through the protection of the wilderness tourism land base. For WTA’s 26 member associations, wilderness tourism is a sustainable, non- consumptive, and value added forest product, a “finished product” rather than “raw material”. To use a financial analogy, wilderness is the “principle” and our businesses thrive on the “interest” generated by the principle. Sound, sustainable business practices require that we protect this principle by safeguarding wilderness.

The WTA believes that wilderness tourism is a viable and sustainable economic enterprise, and that BC’s wilderness tourism operators must have a strong voice in determining how the lands upon which they depend are planned and developed. To

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ensure that the wilderness tourism industry’s requirements are recognized and incorporated in land use decisions, the WTA undertakes organizing, advocacy and education to profile the contribution of our industry to the provincial economy. WTA is a founding member of the Tatla Project and fully supports this SFMP being submitted by Tsi Del Del. (Dave Neads, Personal Correspondence, 2003).

Tatla Resource Association

The Tatla Resource Association (TRA) was incorporated as a non-profit society on January 4, 1999 under the BC Society Act. The TRA is comprised of forty-eight members. Its main purposes include:

• To act as a forum for discussion, dialogue, and education regarding natural resources of the Tatla area; • To create a community vision of sustainable, ecological resource use and stewardship; • To undertake and complete a Sub-Regional Plan for the Tatla area; • To represent and lobby on behalf of the resource interests of the Tatla community to government and industry; • To ensure that the natural resources of the Tatla area benefit the local community and contribute to the development of a strong local economy. (From the Tatla Community Plan, February 13, 2001).

West Chilcotin Tourism Association The West Chilcotin Tourism Association (WCTA) started in 1989 as the West Chilcotin Sports Fishing Association ad was a member of the West Chilcotin Community Resource Association that evolved into the Anahim Round Table. Later on, when more diverse businesses joined the WCSFA, the name changed to the West Chilcotin Sports Fishing and Tourism Association. In 1987 with this name being a mouthful the name changed simply to West Chilcotin Tourism Association. The WCTA has fifty plus operator members in a wilderness area that has its northern boundary as the Blackwater-Ootsa Region, the western as Tweedsmuir Park, the eastern as Tatla Lake Junction and Chilko Lakes areas and the southern encompassing the Mt. Waddington area. The vision statement of the WCTA is "To support the vision of a vibrant, healthy, quality wilderness destination that retains the values and atmosphere that make our region uniquely CHILCOTIN".

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2.0 SUSTAINABLE FOREST MANAGEMENT PRINCIPLES

2.1 Sustainable Forest Management Policy

Tsi Del Del’s Forest Management is guided by three principles:

• Our operations must be economically viable. Our company must operate in a financially successful manner to meet shareholder expectations of a fair return on investment; • Our activities must be environmentally appropriate. Tsi Del Del is committed to the protection of the environment and sustainable development of the resources under our stewardship through sound forestry and environmental management practices that meet government standards; • Our actions must be socially beneficial to local, regional and First Nation communities. Tsi Del Del is committed to understanding, respecting and supporting First Nations, community and employee aspirations for stability and certainty. Under these principles Tsi Del Del is committed to:

• Compliance achievements that meet legal requirements. • Planning for the long-term in an integrated manner to incorporate the full range of forest values including soil, water, fish and wildlife, archaeological, scenic resources and biological diversity. • Investigating and researching habitat needs of fish and wildlife species and populations and establishing benchmarks for monitoring rare, threatened and endangered species. • Maintaining biological diversity and conservation objectives at regional, landscape and stand levels. • Implementing restoration programs to address issues arising from past practices (e.g. visual modifications of previous cutblocks to reduce visual impacts). • Introducing a practical management system to guide and direct environmental aspects of company operations. • Maintaining soil productivity by harvesting with environmentally appropriate systems. • Engaging a team of dedicated professionals committed to implementing and practicing sustainable forest management. • Continually improving our planning and management by incorporating change where appropriate. • Ensuring regeneration of all areas after harvest with ecologically appropriate species, to maintain and enhance forest growth within the timelines specified in the Site Plans using both natural and artificial regeneration. • Managing operations for the safety of employees, contractors and the public. • Providing for First Nations’ participation in setting and achieving sustainable forest management objectives.

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• Promoting the health and sustainability of associated, resource-dependent communities, through landbase zoning. • Cooperating and consulting with community resource boards and stakeholder groups. • Developing our human resources through continuous training and recognition of employee contributions. 2.2 Linking Sustainable Forest Management Plan’s Principles to Criteria and Indicators The SFMP template of this document is based on criteria of sustainable forest management such as those established by the Canadian Council of Forest Ministers (CCFM) and/or the Montreal Process. These criteria and associated indicators provide a framework to monitor progress towards sustainable forest management (SFMP Working Paper July 03, 2002, pages 5-6). For example, the CCFM criteria are broad categories of conditions or processes: 1. Multiple benefits to society. 2. Conservation of biological diversity. 3. Maintenance and enhancement of forest ecosystem condition and productivity. 4. Conservation of soil and water resources. 5. Forest ecosystem contribution to global ecological cycles. 6. Accepting society’s responsibility for sustainable development. Each criterion has one or more elements and objectives specific to the defined forest area supported by one or more indicators. The objective is a broad statement describing a desired future state or condition. An indicator is a quantitative or qualitative variable used to measure or describe an aspect of the criterion related to the achievement of the goal. A reportable target is used for each indicator to specify the desired state or ranges for the indicator.

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Example: Criterion: Conservation of biological diversity

Element Objective Indicator Reportable Measure

Ecosystem ⇨ Maintain a ⇨ Establishment ⇨ Amount of old Diversity representation of of Old Growth forest in OGMA’s habitat across the Management or No Harvest landscape. Areas areas. (OGMA’s).

2.3 Tsi Del Del Forest Certification

Tsi Del Del is a small company with a ten-year Non-Replaceable Forest License. The license is volume-based, therefore it offers no clear link to a specific operating area. Due to these reasons, it is hard to pursue a valid certification scheme. However, this SFMP can be viewed as a good foundation for potential certification under the Canadian Standards Association.

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3.0 FOREST MANAGEMENT INVENTORY AND PLANNING

3.1 Resource Inventories

The Tatla Planning Area (TPA) has had a generally low priority approach taken for much of the Inventory programs conducted on the landbase. Resource Inventories are maintained for the area by various agencies but funding priorities have limited the wider application of focused inventory data collection, such as Terrestrial Ecosystem Mapping (TEM), Fish and Fish Habitat Inventory (FISS), terrain stability and Vegetation Resource Inventory (VRI). Information is generally available for: forest cover, environmentally sensitive areas (ESAs), recreation features (including some trails), visual landscape (along main travel corridors and higher value recreation areas), ownership, Archaeological Overview Assessments (AOA), and ecosystems. Information on the following is usually only available in specific areas, generally as part of the requirement for forest harvest planning: streams, lakes and other riparian features, wildlife, terrain stability, and archeological use surveys. Other information has been collected on an informal basis and is available for specific planning functions. Types of information that fit this description are Traditional Use Surveys (TUS), Non-Timber Forest Products (e.g. mushroom areas), culturally sensitive sites, and recreational trails. Table 3.1 provides a summary of the inventory information available in the SFMP area.

Tsi Del Del remains committed to gathering inventory information needed to assist forest managers in making resource use decisions. The gathering of this information is seen as part of an ongoing process. The transition of some of the specialized inventory information into a GIS platform will take time and funding. The funding sources primarily used to gather and prepare the specialized inventory information, are often outside the scope of Tsi Del Del's operations.

Table 3.1: Resource Inventory Status

Inventory Type Status GIS SFMP

Forest Cover Standard MoF Forest Cover Yes Used as mapping base for Inventory. Forest Development Plans. See Section 3.1.1.

Vegetation VRI sampling as part of TSA Yes - Resource initiative have been established. Plot Inventory Application to inventory not locations complete.

Environmentally Part of Standard MoF Forest Cover Part of mapping base used Sensitive Areas Inventory. for forest harvest operations planning. See Section 3.1.2.

Archaeological Completed in 1998. Yes Used to guide more Overview intensive archeological Assessment surveys around planned forest harvest operations. See Section 3.1.3.

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Inventory Type Status GIS SFMP

Archeological Done for proposed Site Plan areas. No Provide detailed info about Impact archaeological material and Assessment sites in areas where harvesting is proposed. Provides managers with site-specific info to make choices about amending proposed forest harvest operations (e.g. location of roads and cutblocks). See Section 3.1.4.

Traditional Use Ongoing process conducted by Limited One of the considerations Studies First Nations in the Tatla Area. used in the planning process. See Section 3.1.5 and Section 5 for Polygon list that identifies areas set aside by TUS.

Recreation Standard MoF Forest Recreation Yes Given in Polygon Inventory. Objectives. See Sections 3.1.6 and 5.

Terrain Stability Completed for specific Site Plan Limited Assessed at Site Plan areas. planning stage as required.

Ecosystem Completed for Cariboo Forest Yes Used at Site Plan stage. Mapping Region. Updated in 2000. See Section 3.1.8.

Streams & Stream surveys completed for Yes Draft assessments done Lakes proposed harvest areas within under Forest Development Forest Development Planning Plan. See Section 3.1.9. process. Final assessments done at the Site Plan stage. Lake Classification completed in 1996.

Wildlife Mule Deer Winter Ranges mapped. Yes Used to guide development of SFMP. See Section Caribou Study area. Limited 3.1.10. Pelican Feeding Lakes. Yes Fisher/Furbearer Pilot Study Limited

Visual Completed for the Chilcotin Forest Yes See Sections 3.1.11 and 5. Landscape District between 1992 and 2002 Extensive work has been Inventory and being updated to new done on Visual Landscape standards. Inventory. This work has been incorporated into the SFMP and the Tatla Lake Plan Objectives. Some variance from and more detail than that provided by the MoF.

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3.1.1 Forest Cover

Forest Cover field inventories have been completed in the Tatla area by the Ministry of Forests. This information has been updated in the recent past on a scheduled basis but changes to the structure of the agencies may affect this updating process. Tsi Del Del uses the most up-to-date Forest Cover Maps in its Forest Development planning and forest harvest operations.

VRI sampling has been started for the Tatla area but is not complete. The process of linking the VRI sampling to an inventory updating system has not been completed for the Tatla Area.

3.1.2 Environmentally Sensitive Areas

The Forest Cover Inventory provides information on Environmentally Sensitive Areas. Some areas have been assessed as sensitive or valuable for other resource values during Forest Development Planning consultation sessions. This information is generally not available to the public.

3.1.3 Archaeological Overview Assessment

An Archaeological Overview Assessment (AOA) has been completed for the Tatla area as part of a Ministry of Forests District initiative completed in 1998. The Overview Assessment is designed to predict site locations and guide impact assessment and management.

Specific archeological surveys are completed on a Site Plan basis as part of the preparation for submission of Cutting Permits for agency approval.

Traditional Use Studies are being completed and updated by various First Nations with Traditional Territory in the Tatla area. The results of these studies are used by forest managers, in conjunction with direction from the First Nations groups who have collected the information.

3.1.4 Archaeological Impact Assessments

Archaeological Impact Assessments are carried out at the Site Plan stage and are done for all areas where proposed development overlaps areas that are classified as High, or Moderate to High for archaeological potential on the overview assessment.

Development proposed must be consistent with the recommendations made in the Archaeological Impact Assessment.

3.1.5 Traditional Use Studies

Traditional Use Studies (TUS) have been conducted for the area by the Tsilhqot’in National Government (TNG). Areas of traditional use have been identified and mapped through interviews with band members, oral and written history. Due to the sensitivity of the information, the TUS is not widely distributed. Information regarding traditional use, obtained through discussions with band representatives in order to maintain sensitive or significant tradition use sites, is used during development planning and was utilized in the development of objectives for various land use polygons. See Sections 4.3.1.1 and

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Section 5.

3.1.6 Recreation

The current recreation features inventory was completed in 1998. The inventory consists of 1:50,000 map sheets showing recreation feature classes, and a report describing the recreation and biophysical features and a management classification. The data is comprised of a combination of different data sets, collected to different standards, which have been rolled to one standard, GIS-ready format to enable easier storage, use and application of the data. Thus, though a dataset may be in a 1998 standard format, it may still be pre-1990 data and require significant updating to reflect current conditions.

3.1.7 Terrain Stability

Terrain Stability Assessments have been completed for specific Site Plans based on forest harvesting operations as required by legislation.

3.1.8 Ecosystem Mapping

The Biogeoclimatic Ecosystem Classification (BEC) system of ecological inventory and mapping has been in progress since 1976 and was updated in 2000 for the Cariboo Forest Region. The system has been used as a basis for forest management activities and site productivity since the early 1980's. BEC sub-zones are shown on a map in Appendix 1. Natural Disturbance Type (NDT) mapping was completed in 1995. The NDT unit boundaries are shown on a map in Appendix 2. The system has been used as a basis for forest management activities and site productivity since the early 1980's.

3.1.9 Streams and Lakes

A comprehensive riparian inventory has not been completed for the entire SFMP area. Operational stream inventories have been completed on a Site Plan basis as the permits have been applied for since Tsi Del Del started operations. The Chilcotin Forest District has completed a Lake Classification that is used to guide forest harvest operations (Chilcotin Forest District Interim Lakes Classification letter - September 17, 1996).

3.1.10 Wildlife

A number of wildlife species have inventory mapping completed or in progress. Mule deer winter ranges are one of the more prominent wildlife areas mapped in the SFMP. An area in the north of the Tatla Planning area has Caribou mapping done in conjunction with the Satah Mountain studies. A pilot Fisher/Furbearer inventory is being conducted in the vicinity of Redbrush. This is a pilot study to determine the feasibility of conducting a furbearer inventory over a larger area.

A Pelican Feeding Lake inventory has been completed by Ministry of Water, Land and Air Protection. A Bird inventory has been completed in the vicinity of Satah Mountain at the north boundary of the Tatla Planning Area.

Mapping is done at the Forest Development Plan (5 year plan) level to meet specified species management requirements, e.g. northern goshawk.

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3.1.11 Visual Landscape

A Visual Landscape Inventory (VLI) was completed for the Chilcotin Forest District between 1992 and 2002 and is in the process of being updated to new standards.

The CCLUP established objectives for visuals management under the Recreation and Tourism headers. The areas with the CCLUP objective of “maintaining the visual quality” inside the SFMP area are summarized as:

• Key wilderness lakes and backcountry areas; • Existing tourism operations, including Puntzi Lake; • Highway 20 corridor; • Other areas identified by MoF and Tourism as being visually sensitive. Visual Impact Assessments (VIA), which may include Digital Terrain Models (DTM) are normally done during the site plan phase for those blocks requiring assessments. Visual design techniques and alternative silviculture practices are currently used in the design of cut blocks in visually sensitive areas. See also Section 5.

3.1.12 Wildcraft

Wildcraft resources involves the commercial harvest of various naturally occurring products, including wild mushrooms, berries and other materials. Currently in the Tatla Planning Area, there is limited inventory on wildcraft products and their utilization. It is known however that pine mushrooms are harvested in areas northwest of the planning area (within the Anahim Timber Supply Block), and potentially in northern areas of the TPA.

The CCLUP’s general target for Wildcraft is to “maintain the existing resource and enhance the existing level of use". The CCLUP also emphasizes the importance of maintaining “key pine mushroom harvesting sites in a condition that promotes mushroom growth”. Tsi Del Del will incorporate any new research and local knowledge of important wildcraft use areas in the planning of their forest development. If areas of mushroom habitat are located during forestry field work the location of the block will be reassessed. (Refer to Sections 4.1.1.2 and 4.1.1.8 for further discussion on Pine Mushrooms).

3.1.13 Tatla Planning Polygons

The SFMP area has been divided into thirty-eight polygons (see TPA Polygon Map in Appendix 3), referred to as the Tatla Planning Polygons or the SFMP polygons, that are the basis for setting management objectives. Tsi Del Del has been directly involved with the Tsi Del Del First Nation, WCTA, the WTA and the TRA in development of the polygons and their objectives. For a list of the polygons and their management objectives see Section 5 and Appendix 4.

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3.2 Linkages to Resource Plans: Strategic and Operational Plans

3.2.1 Higher Level Plans Under Section 10 (1)(d)(i) of the Forest Practices Code of British Columbia Act (hereafter referred to as FPC), a forest development plan must be consistent with any Higher Level Plan (HLP) covering the area of the plan. The Cariboo-Chilcotin Land-Use Plan (CCLUP) was declared a Higher Level Plan under the Act on January 27, 1996. It is the only HLP currently in place in the Cariboo Forest Region.

The “Order Declaring the Cariboo-Chilcotin Land-Use Plan to be an Higher-Level Plan” (January 27, 1996) specifically defined the Cariboo-Chilcotin Land-Use Plan as the following:

• “Cariboo-Chilcotin Land-Use Plan”, October 1994; • “Cariboo-Chilcotin Land-Use Plan 90-Day Implementation Process Final Report”, February 1995; • “Addendum to the Cariboo-Chilcotin Land-Use Plan 90-Day Implementation Process Final Report”, April 20, 1995; • “Memorandum Outlining Government’s Intent Regarding the Implementation of the Cariboo-Chilcotin Land-Use Plan”, January 23, 1996. On June 22, 1999, the Higher Level Plan was amended by the “Order Varying the Cariboo-Chilcotin Land-Use Plan 90-Day Implementation Process Final Report, February 1995 Resource Management Zone Objectives”.

That order included timber access objectives for all the three Resource Management Zones. Throughout this Sustainable Forest Management Plan (SFMP), reference to Higher Level Plan (HLP) or to the Cariboo-Chilcotin Land-Use Plan (CCLUP) may be used interchangeably but they are meant to point to the same five documents listed above. Under the FPC, all the above-mentioned documents have force of law and any forest development plan has to comply with those documents in the same way it has to comply with the other FPC requirements.

Other documents such as the CCLUP Strategies, the CCLUP Integration Report, government’s policies and directions were provided to plan proponents has information on how to comply with the HLP objectives. Our understanding is that none of these documents can supersede legislation.

On June 22, 1996, Government adopted the “Cariboo-Chilcotin Land-Use Plan Integration Report” (April 6, 1998) as official government policy. It does not supersede the Higher Level Plan but it is arguably the best information available on how to apply the Higher Level Plan’s objectives.

Under the current land-use planning framework, the CCLUP will be implemented through the completion and approval of Sub-Regional Plans. Finally, those Sub- Regional Plans will be refined to the watershed level through Landscape Unit Plans. Both the Sub-regional Plans and the Landscape Unit Plans will have to be consistent

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with the objectives of the CCLUP.

Figure 3.1: Relationship between SFMPs and other planning initiatives.

RBC

CCLUP/HLP

SRP

SFMP

RDP and other operational plans

Operations

Adaptive Management

CCLUP: Cariboo- Chilcotin Land-Use Plan SFMP: Sustainable Forest Management Plan

HLP: Higher Level Plans RBC: Results Based Code

SRP: Sub-Regional Plan RDP: Resource Development Plan

Gives direction to:

Provides information for:

= Legally binding requirements

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The TPA includes all or portions of six CCLUP Resource Management Zones: Of the six zones, two are Special Resource Development Zones (SRDZ’s) and four are Integrated Resource Management Zones (IRMZ’s) (Table 3.2). General management targets for grazing, wildcraft, mining, recreation, tourism, fish and wildlife and timber have been established for each zone. Some of the targets that have been established in the Higher Level plan, such as mining, are marginally impacted by forestry practices and will not be addressed in the SFMP.

Table 3.2: Resource Development Zones

RDZ Name RDZ Type Total Area in Forested Area Plan (ha) (ha)

Niut Special Resource 221,336 43,368 Development Zone Potato Special Resource 156,572 67,960 Development Zone Eagle Integrated Resource 109, 403 101,012 Management Zone Chezacut Integrated Resource 177,403 155,610 Management Zone Kleena Kleene Integrated Resource 17, 600 16,154 Management Zone Anahim Lake Integrated Resource 5,708 5,386 Management Zone

Refer to Appendix 5 for a map of the Sustainable Forest Management Plan Area showing Cariboo-Chilcotin Land-Use Plan Zones.

3.2.2 Landscape Unit Plans

In July 1996 the Biodiversity Conservation Strategy Committee released the Biodiversity Conservation Strategy for the area covered by the CCLUP. Under the Biodiversity Conservation Strategy, the CCLUP area was divided into Draft Landscape Units (DLU). The following is a portion of the Rationale from the Biodiversity Conservation Strategy:

Landscape units, as described by the Forest Practices Code, are ecological units. Just as forest sites are useful for describing stand level ecological processes and for planning forest stand management, landscape units are useful for describing landscape ecological processes and planning landscape management. Landscape processes include disturbance patterns, the abundance and spatial arrangement of different kinds of wildlife habitat, hydrologic processes, animal movements, seed dispersal, and air and water movement.

The establishment of landscape units is a necessary step towards meeting the CCLUP and Forest Practices Code (FPC) objectives of achieving at least a minimum level of biodiversity in all areas of the Cariboo-Chilcotin. Planning areas larger than landscape units (TSA's, Resource Management Zones) are too large to be sensitive to the unique attributes of specific landscapes or for ensuring that a minimum level of biodiversity is maintained across the region. Although these larger planning areas are essential for setting broad objectives, landscape units are required to effectively integrate conservation activities with resource development activities in a manner most

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appropriate to a specific area. Landscape units also allow effective integration of visual resource, tourism, recreation and aesthetics with those of biodiversity conservation and resource development.

An interim biodiversity emphasis was assigned to each DLU. The primary criteria for assigning a biodiversity emphasis to each landscape unit were ecosystem representation, presence of known threatened or endangered species and sensitivity to forest development. Three emphasis options were allocated to landscape units: Lower, Intermediate and Higher.

From the Biodiversity Conservation Strategy on Seral Condition: Seral condition is a principal component of a biodiversity conservation strategy. The proportion of a landscape unit in each seral stage, from early seral to mature and old forest is a key indicator of biodiversity in the landscape unit.

With the assignment of a biodiversity emphasis, Guidelines for the proportion of early seral forest, mature forest and old forest on a landscape are provided in the Biodiversity Guidebook for each Natural Disturbance Type (NDT) and Biogeoclimatic (BEC) zone.

Landscape units will be the primary administration unit for setting objectives and indicators around biodiversity as discussed in Section 4.2. A list of the Draft Landscape Units in the SFMP area and their biodiversity emphasis is shown in Table 3.3.

Table 3.3: Draft Landscape Units and Biodiversity Emphasis

Draft Landscape Unit Bio Emphasis Total area in TPA Productive Area

Palmer/Jorgenson Intermediate 79,197 68,875

Puntzi Low 37,359 32,940

Chilanko Low 47,051 43,668

Tatla Little Eagle Low 67,565 58,922

Pyper Low 6,749 6,632

Bidwell/Lava Intermediate 75,634 65,072

Upper Tatlayoko Intermediate 50,412 37,847

Westbranch Higher 35,479 19,053

Cheshi/Stikelan Low 32,186 14,765

Nude Creek Low 22,787 2,173

Ottarasko Low 32,427 5,777

Nostetuko Low 35,004 6,701

Draft Landscape Unit Bio Emphasis Total area in TPA Productive Area

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Doran Creek Low 26,716 4,173 Tiedemann Low 27,038 2,031 Hickson Low 25,982 664 Crazy Creek Low 45,945 6,931 Middle Lake Low 39,135 11,858

Totals 688,288 389,491

Refer to Appendix 6 for a map showing Draft Landscape Units from the Biodiversity Conservation Strategy (July 1996).

3.2.3 Forest Development Plans

Forest Development Plans (FDP’s) are required under current legislation and regulations. Content requirements are specified under the Operational and Site Planning Regulation and must show proposed operational roads, cut blocks, road maintenance and deactivation. The FDP must be consistent with HLP’s (CCLUP) and be made available to the public, resource agencies and First Nations for review and comment before submission to the MOF for consideration for approval.

The Forest Development Plan is scheduled to be replaced by the Forest Stewardship Plan (the content requirements of which are still in draft form). The Forest Development Plan/Forest Stewardship Plan will detail how the indicators outlined in the SFMP will be achieved and monitored.

3.2.4 Stand Level Prescriptions

Policy around the development of Stand Level Prescriptions has recently been changed from the requirement to do, and submit for MOF approval, a Silviculture Prescription to doing a Site Plan. These new Site Plans are still required to comply with Forest Development/Stewardship Plans and the FPC, and are to be signed and sealed by a Registered Professional Forester. Various regulations require development of other stand level prescriptions: deactivation plans, stand management prescriptions and access management plans.

Authority to construct roads is granted under a Road Permit and authority to harvest is granted under the Cutting Permit. These authorities are granted under the Forest Act.

Most of the content for the stand level prescriptions are specified in legislation with guidelines from government policy and guidebooks.

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3.2.5 Adaptive Management

It must be recognized that forestry planning is based on limited knowledge and therefore contains a certain level of uncertainty. For this reason the SFMP is based on adaptive management principles. This includes the maintenance of ecosystems and habitats across the landscape, consideration of management impacts at the stand and landscape levels, and striking the balance between timber and non-timber resources. As further knowledge is gained, management practices will be adapted to utilize the new information for future use.

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4.0 FOREST MANAGEMENT STRATEGY

Through the creation of this SFMP Tsi Del Del is demonstrating that management of the forests in the Tatla Supply Block in a sustainable manner is a clear priority. This priority is based on three principles: multiple uses and values of the forests, a commitment to sustainable forest management and a commitment to maintain the forests in a healthy state for both the socio-economic and environmental well-being of area residents and other citizens of BC.

The SFMP is presented in the following manner. Three main principles describe the commitment made by Tsi Del Del. Each Principle is subdivided into a number of Criteria upon which the principles are based. Elements and Objectives that further define these commitments are presented. To monitor Tsi Del Del's progress towards achieving the objectives set out in this SFMP, forty-eight Indicators are described along with the targets that Tsi Del Del expects to achieve in the attainment of the Objectives. These components are presented in Table 4.1.

The Tsi Del Del approach to sustainable forest management is based on the following three principles:

1. Economically Viable Forest Management: Forests simultaneously provide a wide range of services and benefits to residents, and Tsi Del Del must conduct its forest management operations in an economically viable manner.

2. Environmentally Appropriate Forest Management: Sustainable management of forests involves managing forests in an environmentally appropriate manner. Meeting this responsibility involves minimizing impairment to forest ecosystems, and avoiding irreversible damage due to forest-based human interventions.

3. Socially Beneficial Forest Management: Sustainable development of forests requires incorporating appropriate aspects of social responsibility for the communities in the area and achieving required legislated compliance.

Sustainable forest management involves an integration of (i) environmental benefits and values, (ii) socio-economic and cultural benefits to meet human needs, and (iii) implementation of appropriate standards and programs and monitoring of their effectiveness. These are dynamic and are expected to change over time. The Criteria and Indicators used in this SFMP to characterize sustainable forest management are based on the best scientific knowledge available to Tsi Del Del.

The process involved in determining the Objectives for this SFMP is based on input from a wide range of groups that includes local First Nations, Tourism Associations, communities, other stakeholders, Permittees, Licensees and government agencies. Tsi Del Del expects that further consultation and research will be conducted and the results incorporated into further versions of this plan. The Criteria and Indicators for sustainable forest management are intended to characterize sustainable forest management and to provide a quantitative and qualitative basis to assess progress.

The six Criteria identified include Multiple Benefits to Society; Biodiversity; Forest Condition and Ecosystem Productivity; Soil and Water Conservation; Global Ecological Cycles; and Accepting Society's Responsibility to Sustainable Development.

Each Criterion has one or more Elements and Objectives specific to the defined forest

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area supported by one or more Indicators. The Objective is a broad statement describing a desired future state or condition. An Indicator is a quantitative or qualitative variable used to measure or describe an aspect of the Criterion related to the achievement of the Objective. A Reportable Target is used for each Indicator to specify the desired state or ranges for the Indicator.

Through these Criteria and their associated Indicators, Tsi Del Del presents a cohesive and comprehensive framework. As indicated in the text, some of the data required for reporting on Criteria and Indicators of sustainable forest management can be provided through current information systems. Collection of other data will require allocation of additional resources. Furthermore, while some of the Indicators have been included in order to present a more comprehensive framework, it is recognized that data on these may be unavailable at present or require further scientific elaboration. Reporting has been structured to accommodate the varied nature of the information being reported on. Reporting time frames are either Annual or Five-year period. The applicable reporting period is included in brackets after the Reportable Measure. A table has been prepared that presents the reporting timeframes for each Indicator (Appendix 18).

Collectively, these Criteria and Indicators may be considered to provide a framework to describe the state of forests and forest management, and to periodically demonstrate achievement in implementing sustainable forest management. The Elements include both conservation and stewardship of the forest. The framework must be considered a "living document". As the knowledge of local forest ecosystems and factors promoting social and economic dimensions and enhancement improves, the Criteria and Indicators will evolve. Tsi Del Del's collective efforts to monitor and report on trends and changes in Indicators will identify where changes that are occurring may influence our ability to sustain the key values held for these forests.

It is important to emphasize that this set of Criteria and Indicators of sustainable forest management is not intended to create legal obligations. It is viewed as a flexible framework within which to capture the diverse conditions for forest management in the Tatla area. Tsi Del Del anticipates working with the area stakeholders to ensure that the forests are sustainably managed and reflect the needs of local communities. The descriptions of Criteria and Indicators of sustainable development that follow are an important part of this commitment. For linkages between Principles, Criteria and Elements see Section 2.2.

Table 4.1: Summary of Forest Management Strategy

Principle 1: Economically Viable Forest Management

Criteria 1: Multiple Benefits

Objective 1: To maintain a prosperous Indicators: 1, 2, 30 Long Term forest industry with a Productive sustainable supply of Elements: Capacity/Timber timber. Supply Objective 2: Prevent timber loss. Indicators: 3, 4 Objective 3: Encourage use of the Indicators: 5, 6, 7 Non-Timber forest for a diverse range Forest Products of non-timber resources. Objective 4: To create or maintain Indicators: 8, 9 Employment employment in the West Chilcotin.

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Contractor Objective 5: Maintain contractor Indicator: 10 Commitment commitments. Access Objective 6: Access management. Indicator: 11 Management Objective 7: Maintain recreation and Indicators: 12, 13 scenic areas. Recreation and Objective 8: Maintain backcountry Indicator: 14 Tourism areas. Objective 9: Encourage tourism. Indicator: 15 Objective 10: Utilize appropriate Indicator: 16 harvest Harvest Systems methods/silviculture systems. Research and Objective 11: Initiate and support Indicator: 17 Development research projects.

Principle 2: Environmentally Appropriate Forest Management Criteria 1: Conservation of biological diversity Objective 12: Maintain a Indicators: 18, 19, Ecosystem representation of habitat 20, 21 Diversity over the landscape. Elements: Objective 13: Maintain viable Indicators: 18, 19, Species Diversity populations of native 20, 22, 23, 24, species. 25, 26 & 30 Objective 14: Maintain the variation of Indicators: 18, 19, Genetic Diversity genes within species. 20, 27 Criteria 2: Maintenance and Enhancement of Forest Ecosystem Condition and Productivity Forest Health Objective 15: Maintain forest health. Indicators: 28, 29 Elements: Forest Ecosystem Objective 16: Maintain forest Indicator: 30 Productivity ecosystem productivity.

Criteria 3: Conservation of Soil and Water Resources

Objective 17: Minimize permanent Indicators: 2, 31, Elements: Soil Resources loss of productive area. 32 Objective 18 Maintain acceptable Indicators: 20, 33, levels of water quality 34 and quantity and Water Resources temperature and stream flow regimes within the natural range of variability.

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Criteria 4: Contribution to Global Ecological Cycles

Elements: Objective 19: Minimize disturbances Indicators: 3, 19, Element Recycling that negatively impact 28, 29, 30 element cycles.

Objective 20: A prosperous forest Indicators: 1, 30 industry with a Utilization and sustainable supply of Regeneration timber and non-timber resource values.

Principle 3: Socially Beneficial Forest Management

Criteria 1: Accepting Society’s Responsibility for Sustainable Development

Objective 21: Support educational Indicator: 35 opportunities for Band members in forestry, job Elements: training and life skills. Objective 22: Provide meaningful Indicator: 36 consultation in forest First Nations management. Objective 23: Increase First Nations Indicator: 37 involvement in forest management. Objective 24: Protect First Nations Indicators: 38, 39 cultural features. Employee Objective 25: Provide a working Indicators: 9, 40 Relations environment where employees feel valued. Objective 26: Provide safe working Indicators: 9, 41 Safety environment. Objective 27: Maintain and enhance Indicator: 42 community stability. Communities Objective 28: Involve communities in Indicator: 43 land use planning and in operational plans Compliance Objective 29: To achieve compliance Indicators: 9, 44 with all legislation and regulations

Reporting time line requirement for each measure is listed in Appendix 18.

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4.1 Principle # 1: Economically Viable Forest Management

4.1.1 Criteria 1: Multiple benefits

Forests provide a sustained flow of benefits for current and future generations if multiple goods and services are provided over the long term. 4.1.1.1 Element: Long Term Productive Capacity/Timber Supply Multiple benefits are maintained if extraction rates are within the long-term productive capacity of the resource base.

Objective Indicators Reportable Measure 1. To maintain a 1. Annual harvest level 1. Tsi Del Del will report the prosperous forest relative to annual allocation. harvest level allocated for industry with a their license and harvest level sustainable supply of cut (cut control volume), for timber the past reporting year. (Annual Report)

2. Annual percent of 2. Tsi Del Del will report the harvested areas in permanent actual disturbance percentage access structures (e.g. roads achieved during the cut and landings). Average less control year. (Annual) than 6%.

See also Indicator 30. 2. Prevent timber loss 3. Hectares of non- 3. Report annual area lost to recoverable losses due to fire and wind. (Annual) wind and fire.

4. Efficient utilization. 4. Under normal conditions, target to have < 4m3/ha of avoidable sawlog waste per cut block (see Section 4.2.1.1 Ecosystem Diversity for Coarse Woody Debris requirements). (Annual)

Indicator 1: Annual harvest level relative to annual allocation.

A timber supply review for the Williams Lake Timber Supply Area (TSA) was last completed in 2001. In November 2002, the current allowable annual cut for the Williams Lake TSA was set at 3,768,400 cubic metres (m3). The Tatla Planning Area is a portion of the “three Western Supply Blocks”. The three western supply blocks (Anahim, Tatla and Chilcotin) are within the Williams Lake TSA and have an apportioned cut of 450,000 m3 per year. Tsi Del Del is committed to economically harvesting their annual cut allocation for the year (60,000 m3), consistent with the Cut Control Regulation and Policy, and in accordance with it’s Forest Management Principles, the CCLUP and the Forest Practices Code.

Tsi Del Del would like to have a long-term agreement with the local community,

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Ministry of Forests and other Licensees to manage the Sustainable Forest Management Plan (SFMP) area. Tsi Del Del would like to develop an inventory (data) package, consistent with the SFMP, to determine the long run sustainable yield for the SFMP area and harvest to that sustainable level.

Tsi Del Del will report annually their actual annual cut vs. their annual allocation.

Indicator 2: Annual percent of harvested areas in permanent access structures (e.g. roads and landings). Average less than 6%.

When areas are included as permanent access structures, these areas are removed from the productive landbase and no longer contribute to some of the key elements of sustainable forest management. These losses can be minimized by:

• Careful access planning and road construction to minimize the length of road required for harvesting and the number of landings; • Minimum road widths while ensuring safe access; and • Rehabilitation of roads and landings back into productivity. Percent of harvested areas in permanent access structures will be measured on an annual basis, for the harvested blocks for that reporting year. This information will be acquired from the Site Plans.

See Indicator 30: Hectares of NSR, Regeneration delay and free growing

Indicator 30 is described in detail in Section 4.2.2.2 on Maintaining Productivity. It is identified here because it contributes to achieving productive capacity and the maintenance of long term timber supply.

Indicator 3: Hectares of non-recoverable losses due to wind and fire.

One of Tsi Del Del’s primary principles is to maintain a long-term, economically viable forest products operation, while practicing sound integrated resource management. Forest protection from various forest health agents, fire or windthrow, is one of the key fundamentals in maintaining this viable operation. Table 4.2 describes the current monitoring and protection measures used by Tsi Del Del within their Operating Areas of the Tatla Planning Area

Tsi Del Del will give a high priority to the salvage from stands that have been damaged by wind or fire. An assessment of each stand will be made regarding, extent and degree of damage and accessibility. Potential salvage will consider harvest viability and biodiversity potential (coarse woody debris, etc.). Based on the fact that harvesting and fire are different at the stand level and that some species seem to be obligate on fire killed stands, portions of wildfire will not be logged so that fire does not have to be used as a regular management tool for these obligate species.

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Table 4.2: Current Monitoring and Protection Measures used by Tsi Del Del within their Operating Areas of the Tatla Planning Area

Condition, Monitoring and Protection Measures:

Windthrow • Monitoring and Protection: In areas of higher windthrow risk, windfirm block boundaries and RRZ’s will be established. If a significant amount of windthrow occurs, salvage harvesting will occur if not impacting other resource values.

Fire • Monitoring and Protection: Tsi Del Del employees working in the field have the required tools and training as per the Forest Fire Prevention and Suppression Regulations. Tsi Del Del has completed a Fire Preparedness Plan through the Williams Lake major licensee group, which all Tsi Del Del employees and contractors are familiar with, and follow in case of fire. Additionally, prescribed burning will be completed in accordance with all applicable government regulations.

Tsi Del Del will acquire overview flight information from the Ministry of Forests annual forest health flight and Tsi Del Del’s general reconnaissance. Estimated windthrow and fire damage areas will be reported in the annual report.

For objectives and indicators regarding other forest health agents, refer to Section 4.2.2.1.

Indicator 4: Efficient Utilization

Avoidable sawlog waste is the volume of timber left on the harvested areas that should have been removed (in accordance with utilization standards in the cutting authority) compared to the total timber harvested on an annual basis. It does not include the volume of timber that could not be removed due to physical impediments, safety concerns, or other reasons beyond the control of the licensee. Table 4.3 describes the utilization specifications for Tsi Del Del’s Forest License A60508.

Table 4.3: Utilization Specifications for Tsi Del Del’s Forest License A60508

Species DSH (cm) DTH (cm) Stump height Min. log Min. stem (cm) length (m) vol. (m/tree)

Pine 12.7 10.2 20 (summer) 3.0 0.09 30 (winter)

Other 20.3 10.2 20 (summer) 3.0 0.14

Harvesting will emphasize the maximum recovery of value from the stand in the form of saw logs and pulpwood. Currently, Tsi Del Del, as part of the cutting authority, must conduct waste and residue surveys following harvest. These surveys are then forwarded to the Ministry of Forests who may bill the company for avoidable waste. To minimize waste billings and to ensure utilization of the fiber resource, Tsi Del Del regularly inspects harvesting operations to ensure maximum utilization.

Tsi Del Del will also consider the requirements for coarse woody debris (CWD) to maximize the ecological value of the CWD to be left on site, as outlined in the

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strategy: “A Short-term Strategy for Coarse Woody Debris Management in British Columbia’s Forests, March 2000.” Under normal harvesting conditions, the biodiversity requirements for CWD are met, while also meeting utilization standards. A further description of CWD biodiversity management can be found in Section 4.2.1.1 Element: Ecosystem Diversity, Indicator 21.

Tsi Del Del will target to have less than 4 m3/ha of avoidable sawlog waste per year for each block harvested in that reporting year. 4.1.1.2 Element: Non-timber forest products Multiple benefits are maintained if forests provide a mix of market and non- market goods and services.

Objective Indicators Reportable Measure 3. Encourage use of the 5. Use for Trapping and 5. Notification of trap line forest for a diverse guiding. holders and guides of range of non-timber developments in their area, resources. key issues discussed and follow-up actions (if required). (Annual)

6. Mushroom picking. 6. Map areas of mushrooms within proposed developments and follow-up actions (if required). (Annual)

7. Use for Range. 7. Notify range permit holders of Tsi Del Del development in range tenure area. Attend stockholder meetings and report changes as a result of consultation (if required). (Annual)

Indicator 5: Use for Trapping and guiding

A map showing the designated trap lines within the SFMP area is included in Appendix 7. The level of trapping is relatively low. Tsi Del Del cooperates with trap line holders by notifying them of proposed development within their trap lines. Efforts to minimize impact on trappers may be made to specific concerns and may include scheduling of harvesting operations, access restrictions, cut block and harvest system design and special management around riparian areas.

Trap line 0504T003, issued to the Nemiah Indian Band, is presently under litigation (see First Nations Section 4.3.1.1.2).

A map showing guide territories is included as Appendix 8. Use of the area by guides is moderate to high with hunting occurring in spring, fall and winter. Tsi Del Del will discuss proposed development with guides. Access restriction and road deactivation have always been primary concerns for guide/outfitters. Tsi Del Del will participate in the development of a Co-ordinated Access Management Plan (CAMP) for the SFMP area that will address road closures, seasons of activity and road deactivation. (See Section 4.1.1.5).

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Tsi Del Del will report annually on actual notifications to trap line holders and guides, of developments in their area, the key issues discussed and follow-up actions (if required).

Indicator 6: Mushroom picking

Pine mushrooms are known to exist in various locations within the SFMP area. While there is no inventory or maps showing mushroom locations there is increasing interest in mushrooms and their biology. People have been reluctant to show locations of “mushroom patches”, however, if important mushroom areas are identified during fieldwork or during the review and comment period for operational plans, the block will be reassessed.

There has been extensive mushroom research conducted by Yun Ka Whu’ten Holdings Ltd. in the adjacent Anahim Supply Block into mushroom biology, range and productivity. As results from this research become available they will be incorporated into operational plans. Tsi Del Del is planning to commence mushroom research in the SFMP area during 2003. (See Section 4.1.1.8 - Research).

Tsi Del Del will report annually on number of mushroom areas identified, notifications to mushroom pickers, and follow-up actions (if required).

Indicator 7: Use for range

Range tenures exist within the Tatla Planning Area. Forestry operations often overlap range tenures however they usually do not have a negative impact on range objectives. The CCLUP provides grazing targets for both ranching and grazing that are prescribed to maintain or enhance the current levels of Animal Unit Months.

Tsi Del Del’s forestry operations are expected to have a positive impact on range use through improved access and grass seeding of disturbed areas. Where a range tenure holder may be affected by a planned forestry operation, Tsi Del Del commits to contacting and meeting with range tenure holders to discuss any issues and concerns, and considering those concerns in forest development planning. This interactive approach provides an integrated and co-operative management practice, and increases communication in order to maintain the viability of resources for both parties.

The CCLUP also identifies the need to continue noxious weed control. Tsi Del Del’s harvest activities will be conducted so that activities do not contribute to the spread of noxious weeds. Staff will observe, identify, and notify the district manager of any known weed sites and take remedial action if directed to do so by the District Manager.

Reporting measures will include the analysis of planning activities conducted during the year, and a check to confirm tenure holders were notified, meetings requested and held and documented, and follow-up to development plan changes as a result of range consultation (if required).

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4.1.1.3 Element: Employment Multiple benefits are maintained if social and economic stability, vitality of local communities – including First Nations exists, all contributing to a diverse economy, sustainable jobs and a strong sense of community pride.

Objective Indicators: Reportable Measure 4. To create or maintain 8. Job creation and 8. Tsi Del Del will report the employment in the maintenance. total person days per m3 West Chilcotin. and number of employees that were employed in each forestry department. (Annual)

9. Training and Capacity 9. Tsi Del Del will report the building. number of person days on courses, and type of training. (Annual)

Indicator 8: Job creation and maintenance

Tsi Del Del considers full-time direct employment to include all employees as well as contractors who work solely for Tsi Del Del and who work the full year. This number, presently, is thirty people. These positions include eight truckers, four sub-contractors and three administration personnel. Employee wages differ depending on whether they work for forestry, harvesting or administration. For a list of Contractors used by Tsi Del Del see Appendix 9.

Tsi Del Del considers part-time direct employment to include all employees as well as contractors who work for Tsi Del Del at least four months of the year. This number, presently, is eighteen people.

Currently, the forestry department is based out of Redstone, the harvesting department is based out of Puntzi and the truckers, although somewhat spread- out, are also based out of Redstone. Most of Tsi Del Del’s silviculture workers, except tree planters from Williams Lake are currently residents of the West Chilcotin. Road sub-contractors are also from the West Chilcotin (see Section 4.1.1.4 Contractor Commitment).

In addition to supporting Tsi Del Del’s licenses, all of the above phases provide services to other licensees who operate in the Chilcotin. Tsi Del Del’s forestry crew has done work for the MOF, Tsilhqot’in Forest Products, the Small Business Forest Enterprise Program, Lignum Ltd., Jackpine Forest Products Ltd., Chendi Ent., Dagish and Riverside Forest Products Ltd.

The harvesting side of Tsi Del Del’s company has a logging capacity of 120,000 m3 per year and in the past two years has logged between 20,000 and 25,000 m3 a year for other licensees. To date, Tsi Del Del has logged for Riverside Forest Products Limited, Lignum Ltd., Jackpine Forest Products Ltd. and Tsilhqot’in Forest Products. This included not only logging but also road development and hauling.

Tsi Del Del Enterprises Ltd (Tsi Del) has a non-replaceable forest license to harvest 60,000 cubic meters per year. All harvested timber from this license is

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processed at lumber and chip mills located within the TSA. Based on recent data, Tsi Del Del’s average annual harvest from this license supported an estimated 65-73 person-years of employment in harvesting, silviculture, timber processing and related activities. About 85% of the workers associated with the harvesting and processing of the timber from this license live in the Williams Lake TSA. Timber Supply Review, September 2001, Page 70.

Indicator 9: Training and Capacity Building

In order to remain productive and to provide good quality service to clients, all Tsi Del Del employees have been trained extensively on their respective duties. Tsi Del Del will provide additional training as required, e.g. to deal with different equipment types, adjust to new legislation or other requirements, implement new Standard Operating Procedures, and hiring of new employees.

Tsi Del Del is committed to training and skill development. Each year prior to start-up Tsi Del Del’s harvesting crew has a “Forest Practices Code” training day in addition to the required annual courses such as fire fighting, WHIMIS, first aid and spill training. Additional courses such as road construction and deactivation are also provided where a need is identified. Throughout the year, the forestry crew is trained in courses involving riparian management and cruising. Additional courses are also provided where a need is identified such as layout of partial cutting and soil classification.

All Tsi Del Del employees are trained regularly in First Aid, Transportation Endorsement, Danger Trees, WHIMIS and fire suppression. All the crews have regular monthly safety meeting where incidents or near-miss are discussed. Field operatives are trained in the safe use of ATV’s and snowmobiles and bear awareness. Safety incidences are recorded and reported to the Workers’ Compensation Board of BC and upper management. Hearing tests are conducted regularly.

Tsi Del Del will report the number of employee days on courses, and the type of training (i.e.: new job training, upgrading).

With FL A49778 and FL A60508, Tsi Del Del committed to an educational trust fund of $0.50/m3 of delivered volume. (Refer to Section: 4.3.1.1 First Nations, Indicator 35). 4.1.1.4 Element: Contractor Commitment Multiple benefits are maintained if contractors that develop the knowledge and performance levels required by Tsi Del Del will work on a continuing basis. This improves consistency of work performance, reduces cost and greatly reduces FPC non-conformance records.

Objective Indicators: Reportable Measure

5. Maintain Contractor 10. Retained Contractors. 10a. Number of contractors Commitments. working. (Annual) 10b. Number of retained contractors. (Annual) 10c. % Retained contractors. (Annual)

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Indicator 10: Retained Contractors

The main focus of Tsi Del Del is to directly employ local people with full-time well paying jobs. However, in addition to this it is often necessary, to have local and sometimes non-local contractors work as well. For a list of contractors used by Tsi Del Del see Appendix 9.

Tsi Del Del hopes to retain contractors that have developed a knowledge base and whose performance levels have met and exceeded Tsi Del Del’s requirements. Tsi Del Del will report annually on the number of retained contractors.

4.1.1.5 Element: Access Management Multiple benefits are maintained if access is managed so as to allow areas for recreation, guiding, trapping, backcountry, wilderness tourism and species conservation.

“Across the plan area, are a number of areas which are outside of established and new protected areas and which are, as yet, undeveloped. These areas…may contain important wildlife, recreation and/or tourism values associated with undeveloped, or backcountry areas.” While “such areas are available for development, proposals for access development within these areas must be planned and managed in the context of all resource targets…” Cariboo- Chilcotin Land-Use Plan: Implementation Report, page 25.

Table 4.4 presents the CCLUP targets for permanent road access in the noted areas of the Tatla Planning Area.

Table 4.4: Percent Restricted Access by CCLUP Zone

Zone Access Target % (% of total zone area) Niut SRDZ 90 % restricted access Potato Range SRDZ 80 % restricted access Chezacut IRMZ 30 % restricted access Eagle IRMZ 30 % restricted access Kleena Kleene IRMZ 40% restricted access Anahim IRMZ 20% restricted access

In the attempt to manage the area for multiple resource values and uses, uncontrolled access becomes the most contentious issue. Tsi Del Del will participate in the development of a Coordinated Access Management Plan (CAMP) for the SFMP area. Access planning, and closures will be developed through the CAMP process and will be adhered to in operational plans. Combinations of road closures, access control points and road deactivation, will be some of the methods used to achieve the objective of managing for multiple resource uses.

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Tables 4.8 and 4.9 provide information on backcountry targets and areas where access is restricted.

In the absence of the CAMP, Tsi Del Del is proposing permanent road deactivation on all block roads within three years of harvest, and proposes permanent deactivation (as defined in the Road Regulations) to all roads accessing blocks within three years of fulfillment of all silviculture activities. Tsi Del Del’s proposed road deactivation plans will be identified in current and future development plans.

Objective Indicators Reportable Measure

6. Access management. 11. Management of Access. 11. Number of roads/areas with restricted access. (Annual)

Indicator 11: Management of access

In order to meet the targets under the CCLUP a specified portion of each CCLUP zone must be in a “backcountry” condition. While there is little agreement as to the exact interpretation of “backcountry”, at a minimum, backcountry areas will require some access restrictions. Tsi Del Del will participate in a CAMP for the area in order to plan for backcountry and to manage for other resource uses that may require access restrictions, i.e. guiding, trapping and conservation of wildlife.

Restricted access targets will be managed in conjunction with “backcountry” targets and will be a combination of No Harvest zoning and access restrictions. See Indicator 14.

Tsi Del Del will report annually on the number of roads (or areas) with restricted access areas.

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4.1.1.6 Element: Recreation and Tourism Multiple benefits are maintained if areas are available for high quality recreational use and the local economy is enhanced if there are areas available for commercially viable backcountry tourism operations.

Objective Indicators Reportable Measure 7. Maintain recreation 12. Recreation areas. 12. Report number and types of and scenic areas. "No Harvest" zones used for recreational use. (Five Year)

13. Scenic areas. 13. Tsi Del Del to report if appropriate processes were followed to meet scenic area objectives on any proposed developments within scenic areas. (Annual)

8. Maintain backcountry 14. Meet CCLUP 14. Report on backcountry areas. Backcountry targets. targets. (Five Year)

9. Encourage tourism. 15. Area zoned for tourism. 15. Amount of area zoned "No Harvest" for wilderness tourism. (Five Year) Indicator 12: Recreation Areas

In the Tatla Resource Plan a number of polygons are designated as “No Harvest” zones. The largest of these (Polygon 7A) is primarily intended for backcountry, wilderness and wilderness tourism. There are nine other polygons with "No Harvest" prescriptions as shown in Table 4.5.

While each of the polygons overlap, several resource values: wildlife, biodiversity, visuals, etc.; each have specific recreational value.

Table 4.5: List of “No Harvest” Polygons with Associated Recreational Use

Polygon # Location Gross Area (Ha) Recreational use 7-1 Martin Lake 882 Cross country ski trails, trail rides 7-3 Eagle Lake 2,505 Hiking, cross country ski trail, visuals, trail rides 7-5 Lincoln Pass 8,163 Hiking, trail rides 7-8 Sapeye Lake 4,810 Hiking, cross country trails, trail rides 7-9 Patterson Lake 469 Hiking, cross country trails, trail rides 7-13 Chilko River 5,831 River rafting, fishing, trail rides 25 Tatlayoko Lake 5,924 Boating, fishing, trail rides 26 Crazy Creek 2,602 Hiking, trail rides 27 Tatla Lake 4,342 Hiking, trail rides Total 35,528

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The study area encompasses the entire Homathko River-Tatlayoko Protected Area. For a description of the protected area taken from the British Columbia government web site, see Appendix 10.

Every five years, Tsi Del Del will report the number and types of ‘No Harvest polygons' used for recreational use.

Indicator 13: Scenic areas

Visual Quality Objectives (VQO) define the amount of visual alteration acceptable from a given viewpoint or set of viewpoints, and are set through Visual Landscape Inventories (VLI). Five definitions of the VQO’s exist: Preservation, Retention, Partial Retention, Modification and Maximum Modification. Each of these will vary depending on the landscape. The following Tables 4.6 and 4.7 describe VQO definitions and associated percent alteration allowed per VQO as described in the Visual Impact Assessment Guidebook.

Table 4.6: Visual Quality Objectives Based on % Alteration (for Clearcut and Seedtree Silviculture Systems)

Visual Quality Percent Acceptable Visual Alteration: Objective Alteration per (VQO): VQO

Preservation 0 No visible activities. (P)

Retention (R) 0 - 1.5 Activities are not visually evident.

Partial 1.6 - 7.0 Activities are visible but remain subordinate. retention (PR)

Modification 7.1 - 18.0 Activities are visually dominant but have (M) natural appearing characteristics.

Maximum 18.1 – 30.0 Activities are dominant and out of scale, but Modification appear natural in the background. (MM)

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Table 4.7: Visual Quality Objectives using Even Distribution, Leave Tree, Partial- Cutting Silvicultural Systems

% of Mean 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 stand to tree remove height â of stand à

10 R R R R R R R R PR PR

20 R R R R R R PR PR PR PR

30 R R R R PR PR PR PR PR PR

40 R R PR PR PR PR PR PR PR M

50 PR PR PR PR PR PR PR M M M

60 PR PR PR PR PR M M M M M

70 PR PR PR M M M M M M M

80 PR PR M M M M M M M M

90 M M M M M M M M M M

The choice of scenic areas and significant viewpoints are based on social preferences. Management for visual quality can contribute to the achievement of other objectives for sustainable forest management such as biodiversity, retention of wildlife habitat, and retention of old growth forest. The CCLUP sets targets to manage visual quality for tourism and recreation. Targets are “management for the retention of visual qualities over key recreation resources,” and “maintenance of visual quality surrounding existing tourism facilities and key tourist areas, and maintenance of tourism industry development opportunities in association with backcountry areas.”

Scenic area maps have been made available from the Chilcotin Forest District (April 24, 1997 that are currently being revised), along with Visual Inventory maps that identify current levels of disturbance, targets and the allowable thresholds associated with these targets. The Ministry of Tourism, Small Business and Culture have also provided maps with visually sensitive areas from tourism operators' trails and cabins.

Currently, a visual impact assessment is conducted for areas that have scenic values or established Visual Quality Objective’s. A visual impact assessment is the technical process that measures compliance with a VQO. A Digital Terrain Model is constructed, then, one or more of the following processes can be followed to address visuals, and determine if a harvested area meets the VQO.

• Use of established landscape design methods and blending cut blocks and roads into the landscape;

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• Use of alternative silviculture systems or harvest methods having less impact than conventional cutblock layout; • Deferring proposing additional blocks in highly sensitive viewscapes until visual green-up on previous cutblocks is achieved; • Assessments in response to feedback from the public or First Nations (to the Ministry of Forests or Tsi Del Del). Tsi Del Del will evaluate whether or not the appropriate processes were followed to meet scenic area objectives, on new proposed developments each year.

As part of the Tatla Planning process the area has been divided into management polygons (see Section 3.1.13). Each of the polygons has broad objectives attached to them, one of the management objectives being visuals. Each of the polygons with visual objectives has a “No Harvest” percentage assigned to it. A project that needs to be completed in order to implement the visual objectives of the plan is to have public meetings to identify the viewpoints for each visual polygon. VQO’s then need to be developed and assigned to each viewpoint that are consistent with the visual objectives and are within the No Harvest percentages applied to the polygon.

Indicator 14: Meet CCLUP Backcountry targets

One of the targets set in the Cariboo-Chilcotin Land-Use Plan, under the topic Recreation, is the proportion of each CCLUP zone that is that is to be in a “backcountry” condition. While the definition (or interpretation) of “backcountry” is unclear, it is clearly concentrated in the Niut and Potato Special Resource Development Zone. Backcountry objectives are expressed in the CCLUP as percentages of the total area of the sub-unit. Table 4.8 details these targets and gives general locations for them.

Table 4.8: Backcountry targets by CCLUP Sub-Unit/Zone

Backcountry CCLUP Target Sub-Unit (%) Proposed Areas All areas above 5,000 feet elevation, adjacent protected Potato Range areas, the area between Choelquoit Lake and the Potato SRDZ 70 Mountain and the Chilko River corridor. Areas adjacent to the Nazko protected area, the Chilcotin Chezacut IRMZ 10 River & Lake and the Caribou Area. All areas above 5,000 feet elevation, adjacent to the Niut SRDZ 85 Homathko Protected Area and portions of the Westbranch valley. Areas adjacent to the Chilko and Taseko Rivers as well as Eagle IRMZ 10 the area surrounding the Scum Lake chain. Kleena Kleene Areas above 5000 feet, primarily in the mountainous 30 IRMZ southern portion of the zone. Areas above 5000 feet, areas adjacent to Tweedsmuir Anahim IRMZ 10 Park, area adjacent to key lakes and areas adjacent to Lt. Palmer’s trail. Tsi Del Del will continue to implement access control through access objectives to address backcountry objectives. Tsi Del Del believes that the backcountry values for the sub-units will not be compromised due to the amount of large

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constrained areas, such as the caribou No Harvest area and the amount of undisturbed valleys in the Niut and Potato Range SRDZ’s.

It is expected that backcountry objectives will be met through a combination of designated No Harvest Areas and areas that are managed through restricted access. Table 4.9 shows the amount of each CCLUP zone that is targeted for backcountry and the approximate amount that will be managed through No Harvest and the amount that will be managed through restricted access.

Table 4.9: CCLUP Zone’s No Harvest and Restricted Access Areas (ha)

CCLUP Zone CCLUP Backcountry No Harvest Area to be Zone Area target (ha) Polygons managed through in TPA (ha) (ha) restricted access

Potato Range 156,572* 109,600 91,448 18,152 SRDZ (70%)

Niut SRDZ 221,669 188,419 195,244 0 (85%)

Chezacut 177,336** 17,336 13,736 **** IRMZ (10%)

Eagle IRMZ 109,403*** 10,940 3,734 **** (10%)

Kleena Kleene 17,600**** 5,280 **** **** IRMZ (30%)

Anahim IRMZ 5,708**** 570 **** **** (10%)

* Gross area of the zone that is in the SFMP area. ** A portion of a CCLUP zone. All of the suggested areas for backcountry/tourism operations are outside the SFMP area. *** A portion of a CCLUP zone, All of the suggested areas for backcountry/tourism operations are outside the SFMP area except the “Chilko River Corridor” and the SFMP has a proposed "No Harvest" area along the Chilko River of 3,734 hectares. **** Fragmentary portions of CCLUP zones. Backcountry targets will be met outside the SFMP area. Since the management of the backcountry resources is influenced very gradually by development, a report will be generated every five years that shows the location of areas and details the amount of each CCLUP zone being managed as backcountry.

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Indicator 15: Area zoned for Tourism

See also: Section 4.3.1.2 Communities

Tourism in the Tatla Planning Area is a significant and growing component of the area. It contributes to the quality of life of the local people and to the economy of communities within the area. Tourism relies on protecting access to natural pristine environments, and protecting the sustainability of natural environments, resources and experiences. The CCLUP targets for tourism are intended to provide certainty to the tourism industry through: • Maintenance of visual quality surrounding existing tourism facilities and key tourism use areas; • Maintenance of tourism industry development opportunities in association with backcountry areas. See CCLUP Final Report, page 2 and Table 4.10 below. Table 4.10: Summary of the CCLUP zonal targets for tourism:

CCLUP Resource General Tourism Targets for Sub-Units: Development Zone

Integrated • To maintain the visual quality in the viewshed surrounding Resource existing tourism operations Management Zone • (Chezacut, Eagle, To promote tourism development in this polygon, and focus Kleena Kleene and tourism use and development on the backcountry areas Anahim IRMZ’s). identified in the Recreation Targets (recreation targets specified in the CCLUP for each IRMZ). Special Resource • To maintain the visual quality in the viewshed surrounding Development existing tourism operations Zone (Niut and • Potato Range To promote tourism development in this polygon, and focus SRDZ’s). tourism use and development on the backcountry areas identified in the Recreation Targets • Direction on road access restriction in certain backcountry areas • Direction on the development of trail networks linking tourism developments to backcountry areas (trail network development is encouraged in the Potato Range).

NOTE: None of the areas specified in the CCLUP targets as potential areas for tourism in the Chezacut, Kleena Kleene, Anahim and the Eagle IRMZ’s are within the SFMP except the Chilko River Corridor. Therefore, the areas targeted for tourism will be concentrated in the Niut and Potato Range SRDZ’s.

Currently in the Tatla Planning Area, tourism uses include:

• Backcountry wilderness including remote and unforested recreational uses (hiking, wildlife and wilderness viewing), • Hunting and fishing throughout the entire area at various levels, • Lake resorts and camping opportunities (includes boating, fishing,

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viewing). • Scenic areas and significant viewpoints (from various corridors, trails, lakes and communities) Tsi Del Del will continue to manage for tourism and recreation resources through backcountry and visual objectives.

Since the inception of the Cariboo-Chilcotin Land-Use Plan in 1994-95 there has been an increase in the tourism industry (particularly wilderness tourism) in the West Chilcotin. The WCTA and the WTA have been directly involved with Tsi Del Del and the TRA in development of the SFMP polygons and their objectives. For a list of the key the objectives of the WTA in the SFMP area see Appendix 16.

Similarly to Indicator 14: Backcountry, Tourism resources are influenced very gradually by development, a report will be generated every 5 years that shows the location of areas and details the amount of each CCLUP zone being managed for wilderness tourism. 4.1.1.7 Element: Harvest Systems Multiple benefits are maintained if appropriate harvest methods and silviculture systems are applied to various harvest areas.

Objective Indicators Reportable Measure

10. Utilize appropriate 16. Area harvested by 16. Percent of actual harvest harvest harvest methods/silviculture methods by silviculture methods/silviculture system. system. (Annual) systems.

Indicator 16. Area harvested by harvest method/silviculture system

Tsi Del Del has traditionally employed a ground based “mechanical roadside” harvesting method to all logging operations. This entails felling with a feller buncher, skidding to the roadside with a grapple skidder, processing (limbing and bucking) at the side of the road with a mechanical processor and loading with a pulp grapple loader. “Roadside logging” has the following advantages over “landing logging”: the percentage of disturbance for development is reduced, equipment operations can be more dispersed across the block rather than concentrated at a landing and larger amounts of wood can be inventoried along the roadside.

Tsi Del Del has operated under the Forest Practices Code of BC Act (FPC) since 1995 and is therefore familiar with riparian management areas and wildlife tree patches, but as harvesting activity increases in the Tatla area there has been pressure to implement alternative silviculture systems.

The silviculture systems that have been primarily used to date are clearcutting or clearcutting with reserves. Tsi Del Del is experimenting with partial cutting in pine stands (Polygon 9-Sapeye Ridge) because of concerns over visual impact. The area will be monitored for blow down and regeneration to assess the long- term impacts of partial cutting in pine stands. Tsi Del Del will be involved in experimentation with various harvest levels in spruce stands to assess the

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practicality of uneven aged management in spruce.

The Tatla Planning Area also has several Mule Dear Winter Ranges and other areas of fir that will require uneven aged stand management. All of these areas will require logging to skid trails to minimize damage to the residual stand.

Tsi Del Del will report annually on the percentage of the area that is harvested using alternate harvest/silviculture systems.

4.1.1.8 Element: Research and Development Multiple benefits are maintained if there is ongoing research into the inter- relationship between forest harvesting and the environment. Better information allows for better decisions in forest and land use planning.

Objective Indicators Reportable Measure

11. Initiate and support 17. Research projects 17. Types of research research projects. supported. projects currently ongoing. (Annual)

Indicator 17: Research projects supported

Tsi Del Del has initiated several research projects: Furbearer study, Fisher and Marten DNA Pilot Project and pine mushroom study. These projects are scheduled to extend for several years.

Furbearer Study

The Tsi Del Del Furbearer study was designed to aid in the development of a methodology for the inventory and management of furbearers within this area. Track transects will be used to determine relative use of the different forested habitats in this area. The transects are being installed and sampled during the first field season, and the goal is to conduct the surveys for at least three years. This will allow sampling during a range of winter conditions and capture some of the variability in furbearer population abundance. The transects are divided into 50m segments for analysis, and habitat data characterizing each segment will be collected during the summer. Once three years of snow tracking has been completed, an analysis will be conducted to determine what relationships exist between stand level habitat variables and furbearer use. This information may then be used to guide forest management in the Tsi Del Del operating area.

Fisher and Marten DNA Pilot Study

Landscape level information on habitat requirements and changes in abundance of furbearing species is critical in maintaining populations through time and space. The track transect furbearer study will yield information on stand level requirements, but has no power to detect landscape level patterns. One method of examining landscape level land use patterns is using DNA mark recapture. This method has proved successful in estimating the abundance of American marten and can be applied in a cost efficient manner over large areas where

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there is good access. Information on population size, population trends, and habitat characteristics (at the meso to landscape level) can be derived using this technique. This information can then be linked with the stand level data derived using track transects to give a more complete picture of furbearer habitat requirements. Since this area has moderate numbers of both marten and the provincially blue listed fisher, Tsi Del Del is conducting a DNA-based study on both species. The first year of this project is viewed as a pilot study to examine the feasibility of using this technique over large areas of the Chilcotin, and to develop expertise on DNA collection techniques in the Tsi Del Del Forestry crew.

Pine Mushrooms

For the past twenty years, pine mushroom harvesting on the Chilcotin Plateau has provided small rural communities (primarily First Nations communities) with an important source of income. In the past, pine mushroom management in the land use planning process has been limited due to lack of understanding about the mushrooms ecology. Current studies in the Anahim Lake area, by Yun Ka Whu’ten Holdings Ltd, have focused on ecological macro site attributes associated with mushrooms in that region. Research directed towards the use of stand level attributes to predict mushroom presence needs to be tested.

In the Tatla Lake and Redstone region, a joint initiative between Tsi Del Del, the local communities and the MOF will be undertaken to further explore ecological questions about the pine mushroom. A research plan will be developed to test the potential to use stand level attributes as indicators of mushroom presence. This will include collecting more attribute data on mushroom sites in the Interior Douglas-fir stands. A special camera and casing will be used to photograph the rooting zone to examine fungal/host development and relationships and a soil sampling plan will be developed to assess aspects of microbial ecology associated with pine mushroom sites.

Tsi Del Del will report annually on types of research projects that are ongoing within the Tatla Planning Area.

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4.2 Principle # 2: Environmentally Appropriate Forest Management

“The forest is a peculiar organism of unlimited kindness and benevolence that makes no demands for its sustenance and extends generously the products of its life activity; it affords protection to all beings, offering shade even to the axeman who destroys it.” Gautama Buddha

A key principle in Tsi Del Del’s commitment to the protection of the environment and the sustainable development of the resources under our stewardship is environmentally appropriate forest management. This will be achieved by implementing forestry and environmental management practices that meet or exceed government standards. Management practices will continue to be evaluated and adopted in response to new information, the results of experimentation changes in forest policy, and changes in society’s expectations.

4.2.1 Criteria 1: Conservation of Biological Diversity

“Biological diversity is conserved by maintaining the diversity of living organisms and the complexes of which they are a part. This includes the diversity of species, genes, ecosystems, and the processes that link them” (Biodiversity Guidebook, 1995, page 2).

The CCLUP general objective is to "conserve biological diversity through the establishment of Landscape Units and objectives for retention of old growth, seral stage distribution, landscape connectivity, stand structure, species composition, temporal distribution of cutblock, retention of coarse woody debris and retention of wildlife trees" (CCLUP, 90 Day Implementation Report, page 153). For the purpose of this plan species composition (wildlife and plant communities) will be discussed as separate objectives and indicators.

Biodiversity objectives will be managed through the coarse and fine filter approach. The coarse filter approach involves maintaining a diversity of structures within stands and a diversity of stands and ecosystems across the landscape. The intent is to meet most of the habitat requirements of most of the native species through landscape level plans. This strategy includes the maintenance of riparian areas, old growth management areas, and seral and patch size distributions across the landscape, consistent with the Natural Disturbance Type (NDT).

The fine filter approach maintains biodiversity that is reflected by particular habitats or individual species that might fall through the coarse filter. These habitats may be rare or critical in some way and the species threatened, endangered, or regionally important. Fine filter strategies outline specific management strategies for identified species and plant communities. The following documents will be used to guide the objectives for biodiversity: Forest Practices Code, Biodiversity Guidebook, Riparian Management Area Guidebook and Landscape Unit Planning Guidebook, Identified Wildlife Management Strategy, the CCLUP and associated strategies (specifically the Biodiversity Conservation Strategy, 1996).

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4.2.1.1 Element: Ecosystem Diversity Ecosystem diversity is conserved if the variety and landscape-level patterns of communities and ecosystems that naturally occur on the defined forest area are maintained through time.

The ecology of the area is tremendously variable, ranging from the deeply incised valleys of the Coast Mountains to the flat plateaus of the Chilcotin. The SFMP area includes portions of five biogeoclimatic zones and three Natural Disturbance Types (NDT’s 2, 3 and 4).

The biogeoclimatic zones are:

The Sub-Boreal Pine Spruce (SBPS) is the largest zone and occurs primarily on the Chilcotin Plateau in the northern and eastern part of the SFMP area, in the rain shadow of the Coast Mountains. This zone generally lies above the IDF and below the Montane Spruce zone. The climate is characterized by cold, dry winters and cool, dry summers. Tree growth is restricted by the cool, dry conditions during the short growing season. Nighttime frosts are common in all seasons. Lodgepole pine is by far the most abundant tree species, but white spruce and trembling aspen are also common.

The Montane Spruce (MS) zone occurs at middle elevations in the central and western part of the SFMP, generally above the SBPS zone and below the Engelmann Spruce-Subalpine Fir zone. The MS zone has cold winters and moderately short, cool summers. The dominant tree species is lodgepole pine, while hybrid spruce and subalpine fir are often present in the understory. Spruce stands occur on moist lower slopes and riparian areas.

The Interior Douglas-fir (IDF) zone dominates lower to middle elevations in the central part of the SFMP, around the Chilko and Homathko rivers and the Westbranch Valley. The IDF zone has warm, dry summers and cool, dry winters, allowing a long growing season. Douglas-fir and lodgepole pine are the most common tree species, with spruce and trembling aspen also occurring. Forestry is a very important resource use in this zone, as is cattle grazing. Wildlife values are also high.

The Engelmann Spruce-Subalpine Fir (ESSF) zone is the uppermost forested zone. Growing seasons are cool and short, while winters are long and cold. On the leeward side of the Coast Mountains, the ESSF is significantly drier and lodgepole pine forests are dominant. Whitebark pine is also common at upper elevations in the Coast Mountains.

The Alpine Tundra (AT) zone occurs above the ESSF zone, and its climate is cold, windy and snowy with a short, cool growing season. This zone is largely treeless and vegetation is dominated by shrubs, herbs, mosses and lichens. Much of the AT zone in the Coast Mountains has little vegetative cover.

A map showing the Biogeoclimatic Zones in the SFMP is located in Appendix 1.

The SFMP bases most of its ecological management objectives and harvesting practices around the concept of mimicking natural disturbances. Of the three NDT’s that occur in the SFMP area, most of the harvesting operations are planned for the NDT 3 with lesser amounts in the NDT 4 and minor amounts in

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the NDT 2.

The various NDT’s are characterized by:

• NDT 2: Ecosystems with infrequent stand –initiating events • NDT 3: Ecosystems with frequent stand initiating events • NDT 4: Ecosystems with frequent stand maintaining events. Objectives for managing old seral retention, seral stage distribution, temporal and spatial distribution of cut and leave areas (patch size distribution), and stand structure are set consistent with the characteristics of the NDT’s, under the principle that, “the more that managed stands resemble the forests that were established from natural disturbances, the greater the probability that all native species and ecological process will be maintained.” (Biodiversity Guidebook, page 4).

Objective Indicators Reportable Measure 12. Maintain a 18. Establishment of Old Growth 18. Amount of old seral representation of Management Areas (OGMA’s). forest in OGMA’s or "No habitat over the Harvest" areas. (Five Year) landscape. 19. Patch size distribution. 19. Seral stage and patch size (Five Year) distribution. 20. Complete a 20. Stand level biodiversity “Biodiversity Reserve reserves: Wildlife Tree Patches, Tracking Table” that Riparian Management Areas and includes hectares of Coarse Woody debris Patches. WTP’s, Riparian Management Areas and Coarse Woody Debris patches. (Annual)

21. Number of cutblocks 21. Dispersed Coarse Woody where the Coarse Woody Debris. Debris (CWD) strategy was followed. (Annual)

Indicator 18: Establishment of Old Growth Management Areas (OGMA’s)

Old Growth Management Areas, as defined by the Biodiversity Guidebook (1995) are “areas that contain or are managed to replace specific structural old growth attributes and that are mapped out and treated as special management areas.” These areas are established under higher-level plans, which contain or are managed to replace structural old growth attributes.

The amount of old forest required to meet biodiversity requirements for the SFMP area was calculated using the same methodology as the Biodiversity Conservation Strategy, based on the Biodiversity Emphasis assigned to each Draft Landscape Unit (DLU) and the percentage of old required for each biogeoclimatic zone (Table 4.11).

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Table 4.11: Minimum old requirements for each Natural Disturbance Type and Biogeoclimatic Zone by Biodiversity Emphasis (percent)

NDT BEC Zone Lower Intermediate Higher

2 ESSFxv 9 9 13

3 MS 14 14 21

3 SBPS 7 7 10

4 IDF-Fir* 21 21 32

4 IDF-Pine 11 11 16

Note: The Biodiversity Guidebook does not assign different percentages to fir or pine in the IDF but uses a single target of 13, 13 and 19%.

A spreadsheet showing the calculations of required old by landscape unit, Biogeoclimatic zone and SFMP polygon is attached as Appendix 11.

A GIS exercise indicated the average amount of the area that would be in riparian zones was 5%. It was assumed that most (in some landscape units all) of the riparian reserves would apply to the old target. The residual amount of old (total old minus old in riparian) was located within the appropriate biogeoclimatic zones. The residual old requirement was compared to the No Harvest areas from the SFMP polygons within the landscape unit and biogeoclimatic zone. It was assumed that all the No Harvest polygons would eventually contribute to the old forest requirement, therefore, where the No Harvest portion of a biogeoclimatic zone exceeded the old requirement no further OGMA’s were located. Where the No Harvest portion of a biogeoclimatic zone was insufficient to meet the old requirements, additional OGMA’s were located.

Since an OGMA is intended to be managed for biodiversity there are certain activities that are inappropriate. There should be no permanent roads within and OGMA and all temporary roads should be rehabilitated. OGMA's will not be used to constrain access. There should be no harvesting within OGMA’s unless it is required to manage for pests that would jeopardize the OGMA or surrounding forests. Harvesting of up to 10% of an OGMA may occur over a rotation to management of pests. If more than 10% of an OGMA is harvested within a 20 year period the viability of the OGMA should be reassessed and if necessary relocated.

For a summary of the rationalization for the location of old forest with No Harvest overlaps and location of OGMA’s, see Appendix 12. For a map showing the location of the No Harvest Areas and OGMA’s, see Appendix 13.

The Biodiversity Conservation Strategy, 1996, also sets the proportion of the “old requirement” that must be in “interior forest condition”, for Intermediate and Higher (non fir); at 25%, for Intermediate and Higher (IDF fir group) at 50% and for Lower; at 10%. Interior forest condition assumes that a sufficient proportion of the old is far enough away from unnatural openings that it is not influenced by the opening. This edge effect is assumed to be two hundred meters, therefore, in order to achieve the interior forest conditions as well as the total old

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requirement a portion of the OGMA/No Harvest area must be in large patches. The assumption was made that for landscape units requiring 25% interior forest conditions, at least 50% of the total old required needed to be in large patches and in the landscape units where the interior forest requirement was 10%, 20% of the old needed to be in large patches.

Indicator 19: Seral stage and patch size distribution

Seral Stage Distribution:

Seral stage is a representation of the forests by age classes. Forest stands that exist under different soils, climate, ecological and natural disturbance conditions will have different seral stage representations. Therefore, seral stages are differentiated by Natural Disturbance Types (NDT’s), and Biogeoclimatic Ecosystem Classification (BEC) zones, for each DLU. As the forests age over time, their structure changes either by natural disturbance, human interaction or natural aging. As a result, age class information is used as a surrogate for structure to measure/assess the level of ecosystem diversity and biological diversity. The CCLUP specifies a three-step evolution of seral targets. Initially, the CCLUP provided interim target ranges for mature+old and old for each sub-unit (90-Day Implementation Process Final Report, February 1995). The CCLUP then replaced the interim target ranges with the specific seral targets of the FPC Biodiversity Guidebook. The third shift in biodiversity management was the Regional Biodiversity Conservation Strategy. The draft Regional Biodiversity Conservation Strategy was completed in 1996, detailing DLU’s, draft bio- emphasis options, seral stage targets and rationalization of patch size distribution. While the Biodiversity Conservation Strategy has never been declared to be part of the HLP, consistent with Statutory Decision Maker direction of January 15, 1999 and October 30, 2000, it has been used in the development of the patch size and seral distribution targets for the SFMP.

According to the CCLUP Integration Report, the early seral stage targets are not considered as being constraining. However if there are seral stage issues in a particular NDT/BEC unit, Tsi Del Del will consider other options at the forest development plan level:

• Development in the affected NDT/BEC unit can be deferred for the time required for recruitment to take place. • If operationally feasible, the silviculture system can be modified to leave mature and old stand attributes in harvested blocks. • If possible, development can be proposed in younger age classes. • If possible, development can be shifted to other NDT/BEC units. • Amalgamation of cutblocks to produce larger openings, in NDT/BEC units without seral stage issues. Tsi Del Del will manage proposed development on the DLU’s within the Tatla Planning Area in their proposed development areas. Spatial and Temporal distribution of seral stages in the DLU’s will continue to be mapped, and tracked with complementing tables every five years, as new and updated information occurs on the landscape.

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Seral analysis is an analysis based on stand age. Present age information is derived from the Forest Cover Inventory. When the inventory was done there was less concern, and therefore less accuracy, with ages when a stand was older than 120 years. Since it has now become important to have stands identified by age to ensure that sufficient “old” stands are left to meet OGMA requirements, a project that needs to be done is a check on the Forest Cover ages in the areas designated as OGMA’s, in order to verify their age.

Patch Size Distribution:

To complement the seral stage objectives, the Biodiversity Guidebook (1995) also identifies target ranges for temporal and spatial distribution of cutblocks, also known as patch size distribution (see Table 4.12: Target Ranges for Temporal and Spatial Distribution of Cutblocks). A forest patch is defined as “a stand of similar-aged forest that differs in age from adjacent patches by more than 20 years. When used in the design of landscape patterns, the term refers to the size of either a natural disturbance opening that led to even-aged forests or an opening created by cutblocks” (Biodiversity Guidebook, 1995).

Table 4.12: Target Ranges for Temporal & Spatial Distribution of Cutblocks.

NDT 2 NDT 3 NDT 4 ESSF SBPS IDF Pine & Fir MS Patch Size % of Forest Patch Size % of Forest Patch Size % of Forest (ha) (ha) (ha) <40 30 – 40 <40 10 – 20 <40 30 – 40

40 – 80 30 – 40 40 – 250 10 – 20 40 – 80 30 – 40

80 – 250 20 – 40 250 – 1000 60 – 80 80 – 250 20 – 30

Natural patch sizes created by disturbance factors such as fire, insects, disease, and wind create a characteristic range of patch sizes in each NDT. These patch sizes naturally ranged from fractions of a hectare to many thousands of hectares.

The Biodiversity Guidebook recommends a range of cutblock sizes specific to each NDT. Where larger cutblocks are specified, the cutblock design must be consistent with the structural characteristics, and the temporal and spatial distribution of natural openings. This would include leaving Wildlife Tree Patches, coarse woody debris and other stand level features.

Patch size should not be thought of as only cutblock size. The Biodiversity Guidebook makes it clear that patch size includes patches of mature and old forest. It specifies that patches of mature and old forest be identified as leave areas when large harvest patches are being considered.

In the Tatla Planning Area, the current pattern of forest patches must fulfill various functions, including the maintenance of biological diversity. Due to the history of past management practices, the distribution of patches on the landscape may be dramatically altered from historic patterns. Fragmentation

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and loss of connectivity may result from these changes. Species requiring large areas of similarly aged forest may be negatively affected by these changes.

Current patch distributions in the TPA need to be determined. It is expected that current distributions are not within the objectives set in the Biodiversity Guidebook (1995), however as forest harvesting continues, the expectation is that the distribution of patches in the appropriate size ranges will be achieved. This will take many decades to achieve. Tsi Del Del development plans will show a trend towards these targets.

Tsi Del Del will do a patch size analysis prior to the submission of their first Forest Stewardship Plan in 2004 to determine the present patch size distribution. A new patch size analysis will be conducted every five years and Tsi Del Del will report on progress toward the targets.

Indicator 20: Stand Level Biodiversity Reserves

Biodiversity reserves occur at both the landscape and stand level. At the stand level they can include: wildlife tree patches (WTP’s), riparian reserves and coarse woody debris patches.

Wildlife Tree Patches

Wildlife Tree Patch areas are smaller reserves or single leave trees that are prescribed as part of the Site Plan to protect located wildlife habitat features, snags, rare or unique landscape features, archaeology sites, visually sensitive areas, inoperable ground and isolated areas. Riparian reserves can be prescribed as part of the Site Plan, and usually are included as WTP areas within the Site Plan. These riparian reserves are eventually linked to the larger reserves at the landscape level. Riparian reserves are prescribed to maintain water quality and quantity, fisheries values and wildlife values.

Natural ecosystem diversity is maintained through small and large biodiversity reserves by preserving areas of ecological importance, and contributing to the prosperity of the various species of ecological concern.

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Table 4.13 shows WTP retention targets, by landscape unit within the Tatla Planning Area. Tsi Del Del will track and monitor the percent of WTP retention by landscape unit, annually, as every development block is harvested. This information will be tracked in the stand level tracking spreadsheet and will track WTPs, riparian management areas, dispersed coarse woody debris and coarse woody debris patches, by landscape unit. This information will also be presented annually in the annual report.

NOTE: When Landscape Unit Objectives have been completed the percentage required for Wildlife Tree Patches will be re-calculated based on the formula from the Biodiversity Guidebook, 1995, page 65-66.

Table 4.13: Present WTP Retention Targets by Landscape Unit Draft Biodiversity WTP Retention Application Unit Chilanko 10 % Although the percentage of wildlife tree patches is Palmer Jorgensen 10% determined at the landscape level, the location is Puntzi 10 % done on a stand level basis. It may be done by Nostetuko 9 % cutting permit, or by block, or an accumulated total Westbranch 10 % for the landscape unit. Tiedemann 4 % Hickson 3% Crazy Creek 8% Upper Tatlayoko 10 % Tatla/Little Eagle 10 % Middle Lake 14 % Pyper 10 % Doran Creek 8 % Ottarasko 5 % Nude Creek 5 % Cheshi/Stikelan 11 % Bidwell/lava 10 %

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Riparian Management Areas (RMA)

Riparian Management Areas occur next to streams, lakes and wetlands (See Figure 4.1). They consist of the riparian management zone (RMZ), and where required, the riparian reserve zone (RRZ) as per the FPC. Additional regional and district policies have been implemented that build on the FPC of B.C. Act requirements. No harvesting is allowed within reserve zones, without specific approval of the Designated Approval Persons. Harvesting is allowed in RMZ’s, usually with management restraints.

Figure 4.1: Riparian Management Area showing the application of a management zone and a reserve zone along the stream channel (source: Riparian Management Guidebook).

Currently, all streams, wetlands and lakes adjacent to harvest areas are classified at the Site Plan stage. Riparian management objectives are set and described within the Site Plan for the proposed harvest area. Compliance with the objectives in the Forest Development Plan is reportable during final harvest inspections.

This indicator forms part of the overall strategy to manage for biodiversity at both the landscape and stand levels. RMA’s, as prescribed in the FPC, provide conservation of riparian and aquatic environments. These environments are key for the survival of species dependant on riparian conditions. RMA’s provide connectivity of forested cover along waterways, which are generally areas with high value for wildlife habitat and movement. In addition, RMA’s are biologically diverse and maintain ecological linkages throughout the forest landscape.

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Tsi Del Del currently uses the following objectives for Riparian Management Areas with Reserve Zones:

• Reduce the risk of windthrow or other damage to vegetation retained in the riparian reserve zone, and • Retain important wildlife attributes including wildlife trees, wildlife habitat features (e.g. nest trees) and coarse woody debris. Tsi Del Del’s objectives for Riparian Management Areas without Reserve Zones include: • Retain sufficient vegetation along streams to provide shade, maintain natural channel and bank stability, and • Retain important wildlife attributes including wildlife trees, wildlife habitat features (e.g. nest trees) and coarse woody debris. To achieve these RMA objectives (listed above), Tsi Del Del will follow the recommended Best Management Practices of the FPC Riparian Area Management Guidebook.

The following table (Table 4.14) describes the objectives for basal area retention by riparian classes for the riparian management zones. The table is based on the Best Management Practices as outlined in the FPC Riparian Management Guidebook, tables 11 through 15 and table 4.

Additionally, in the Chilcotin Forest District, all L1 Candidate key wilderness lakes (lakes > 5 ha) will have a lakeshore management zone width of 200 meters unless otherwise specified. All blocks within 200 meters of an L1 lake must be identified on forest development plans. When operating adjacent to L1 lakes, Tsi Del Del will be consistent with the recommendations described in the Chilcotin District Lake Classification. Tsi Del Del will follow the interim direction of retaining a 200 meters Lakeshore Management Zone around these lakes until sub-regional planning processes provide more direction.

Table 4.14: Riparian Classification and Management Strategies

Riparian Channel Riparian Riparian Management Zone Requirements and Basal Classific Width Reserve Area Retention Strategies ation (m) Zone Width Width Windthrow % Basal Area (m) (m) Hazard Retention S1 >20 50 20 High 50 – 80 Fish Medium 30 – 70 Low 0 – 50 S2 5 to 20 30 20 High 50 – 80 Fish Medium 30 – 70 Low 0 – 50 S3 1.5 to 5 20 20 High 50 – 80 Fish Medium 30 – 70 Low 0 – 50 S4 < 1.5 0 30 High 0 – 30 Fish Medium 10 – 40 Low 20 – 50

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Riparian Channel Riparian Riparian Management Zone Requirements and Basal Classific Width Reserve Area Retention Strategies ation (m) Zone Width Width Windthrow % Basal Area (m) (m) Hazard Retention S5 >3 0 30 High 0 –30 No Fish Medium 10 – 40 Low 20 – 50 W1 > 5 ha 10 40 High 20 –80 Medium 20 – 50 Low 0 – 30 W3 1 to 5 ha 0 30 High 0 – 40 Medium 0 – 40 Low 0 – 40 W5 Complex 10 40 High 20 – 80 Medium 20 – 50 Low 0 – 30 L1 > 5 ha 10 As per the Chilcotin District Lake Classification process. L3 1 to 5 ha 0 30 High 0 – 40 Medium 0 – 40 Low 0 – 40

** The general objectives for riparian management zones are proposed and subject to further modification in the site plan.

Coarse Woody Debris Patches (CWD)

Tsi Del Del will leave special management areas for CWD. Harvesting can result in a similar amount of CWD as present naturally in a stand; however, the size and arrangement of CWD pieces is usually much different. After harvesting, individual pieces of CWD are often broken into shorter sections and lay flat against the ground. Long pieces of CWD are more valuable in providing continuous corridors for wildlife movement than shorter pieces. Greater vertical diversity in CWD provides more niches for wildlife and subnivean access for species such as marten. To preserve a more natural pattern of CWD, areas with significant accumulations of CWD can be identified during cruising and preserved as “biodiversity patches”. Biodiversity patches will only be used where the appropriate natural conditions are found.

Biodiversity patches are areas of naturally high CWD accumulations that are established in the field to promote biological diversity. These patches are narrow (5-15m wide) and oriented in the direction of skidding to allow trees within to be harvested, or stubbed, and minimize logging costs. Ideally, they will also contain advanced regeneration and un-merchantable stems. Stubs should be created from trees with defects along the edge of the patch and can be used as rub trees when skidding. Any un-merchantable snags in or close to the patch would be stubbed with the top dropped into the biodiversity patch to increase its vertical and spatial heterogeneity. These patches will provide biological legacies as the new stand develops. Not all blocks would require biodiversity patches, since they are dependant upon finding appropriate conditions.

Tsi Del Del will complete and present a “Biodiversity Reserve Tracking Table” that includes hectares of WTP’s, riparian management areas and coarse woody debris patches (refer to Appendix 14).

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Indicator 21: Dispersed Coarse Woody Debris

As stated in the CCLUP, retention of Coarse Woody Debris (CWD) contributes to the conservation of biological diversity. CWD is defined as sound and rotting logs and stumps that provide habitat for plants, animals, and insects and a source of nutrients for soil development. It is difficult to measure CWD at the landscape level; therefore, CWD objectives will be addressed at the stand level through the Site Plan.

For operational purposes CWD is defined as material greater than 10 cm in diameter, in all stages of decay and consists of above-ground logs, exposed roots and large fallen branches (A Short-term Strategy for Coarse Woody Debris Management in British Columbia’s Forests, March 2000).

The traditional policy is that utilization standards will take precedence over requirements for coarse woody debris. The new proposed strategy, noted above, is intended to maximize the ecological value of the CWD chosen to be left on site considering:

• Current utilization standards, • Avoidable waste bench marks set January 1999, and • Management for CWD without increasing logging costs. Wood below utilization standards is, therefore, available for CWD or available for harvest when economic conditions merit this. CWD or high stumps above standard timber utilization requirements that are left on a block (as specified in a site plan or where cumulative volumes are less than the benchmarks stated in the January 1, 1999 policy amendment) will be charged to cut control but monetary penalties will not apply (A Short-term Strategy for Coarse Woody Debris Management in British Columbia’s Forests, March 2000).

Tsi Del Del will follow the general considerations for CWD management, as stated in the “Short-term Strategy for Coarse Woody Debris Management in British Columbia’s Forests, March 2000”.

Some general objectives of CWD management are to:

• Reduce the number and size of CWD accumulations on roadsides and landings by leaving CWD distributed throughout the cutblock. • Reduce the incorporation of large CWD pieces in the remaining accumulations. • Provide sources of CWD recruitment. • Link these practices with other forestry operations such as salvage logging and silviculture. In some special circumstances it may be appropriate to modify stocking standards to meet CWD objectives due to debris accumulation and reduction of plantable spots. Options include:

• Modifying target-stocking levels. • Modifying the minimum allowable distance between trees.

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• Utilizing clumped planting patterns. Tsi Del Del agrees to leave more of the marginally merchantable material on site instead of skidding it to the roadside for piling and burning to create more CWD in areas with no or little CWD. Tsi Del Del also will leave some piles unburned, or not completely burned throughout the block (usually adjacent to timber edges or riparian areas) to provide for habitat for rodents and furbearers.

Tsi Del Del will report the number of cutblocks where the CWD strategy was followed in the reporting year, vs. the total number of blocks harvested. 4.2.1.2 Element: Species Diversity Species diversity is conserved if native species are maintained through time and space. This includes plant and wildlife species found on the defined forest area.

A variety of habitats will be maintained across the landscape for naturally occurring species, including those identified as rare or endangered. This coarse filter approach will provide habitat for most species; however, species that require special consideration (red/blue listed species and other identified wildlife/plant communities will require a fine filtered approach to management.

Specific management prescriptions may be required for identified species or plant communities that may be at risk under standard forest management practices. Stand and landscape level measures outlined in Managing Identified Wildlife: Procedures and Measures Volume 1, the Mule Deer Handbook, Regional Mule Deer Winter Range Strategy and the CCLUP Northern Caribou Strategy will be instituted where appropriate. Tsi Del Del will support research on identified wildlife believed to be at risk in this area and so that the best available information can be used in forest management.

Objective Indicators Reportable Measure 13. Maintain viable See Indicators 18, 19, & 20. populations of native species. 22. Maintenance of plant species 22. Success of coarse filter within the range of variability strategies in maintaining found in natural forest natural habitats through time. processes. (Five Year.)

23. Local status of rare or 23. Local status of these endangered species and species and communities communities. within TPA. Local research/inventory by Tsi Del Del and others (e.g. MWLAP) will form the basis for evaluating the status. Consultation with MWLAP will identify strategies to identify the status of these biodiversity values. (Annual).

24. Ungulate winter range. 24. Area (ha) harvested meeting CCLUP Northern Caribou Strategy and the Regional Mule Deer Winter

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Range Strategy. (Annual).

25. Rare ecosystems. 25. Rare ecosystems identified in the TPA. Tsi Del Del will develop a management strategy to deal with any rare ecosystems that are identified. (Annual).

26. Assess and report on 26. Maintenance of the natural sediment input resulting from diversity of fish species and fish access structures within the habitats. TPA. Annual report of spring maintenance check. (Annual).

See Indicators 27 & 30.

Indicator 22: Maintenance of plant species within the range of variability found in natural forest processes.

Most plant species will be maintained within the range of variability by providing representation of the range of natural habitats in the TPA. This coarse filter approach includes maintaining natural connectivity between habitats and providing forested areas of sufficient size to maintain forest interior conditions.

Indicator 23: Local status of rare or endangered species and communities.

The species classified as threatened, endangered, or vulnerable can be broken into three categories: wildlife (Table 4.15), plants (Table 4.16), and plant communities (Table 4.17). A fine filter approach is required to manage for many of these species and documents such as Managing Identified Wildlife: Procedures and Measures Volume 1 and the CCLUP Northern Caribou Strategy will be instituted where appropriate. For species/communities that have no written guidance, the Designated Environmental Official will be consulted on management options. To aid in the identification and management of these species, Tsi Del Del will undertake a training program for its Forestry employees and contractors to ensure that species at risk can be identified early in the development process.

The tables listed below include the Global, COSEWIC and BC status for these species. “Global” rank is the conservation status rank for an element, as determined by NatureServe, based on information provided by Natural Heritage Programs and Conservation Data Centers. COSEWIC is the conservation rank given by the Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (E, endangered; SC, special concern; NAR, not at risk). BC Status is the conservation rank given in British Columbia for endangered (Red), vulnerable (Blue), and not at risk (Yellow) species/communities. Not all of these species are found in the TLA. Those that are identified in the TLA will have a management strategy prepared. Further information on these species and ranking systems can be found at: http://wlapwww.gov.bc.ca/wld/documents/ranking.pdf

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Table 4.15: List of Wildlife Species that may be at risk in the TPA Status Scientific Name English Name Global COSEWIC BC Status Aeronautes saxatalis White-throated Swift G5 BLUE Ardea herodias herodias Great Blue heron, herodias G5T5 BLUE subspecies Asio flammeus Short-eared Owl G5 SC (1994) BLUE Botaurus lentiginosus American Bittern G4 BLUE Buteo swainsoni Swainson's Hawk G5 RED Corynorhinus townsendii Townsend's Big-eared Bat G4 BLUE Euderma maculatum Spotted Bat G4 SC (1988) BLUE Falco mexicanus Prairie Falcon G5 NAR (1996) RED Grus canadensis Sandhill Crane G5 NAR (1979) G. BLUE canadensis tabida assessed Gulo gulo luscus Wolverine, luscus G4T4 SC (1989) WESTERN BLUE subspecies POPULATION ONLY Martes pennanti Fisher G5 BLUE Melanerpes lewis Lewis's Woodpecker G4 SC (NOV 2001) BLUE Myotis ciliolabrum Western Small-footed G5 BLUE Myotis Myotis thysanodes Fringed Myotis G4G5 SC (1988) BLUE Numenius americanus Long-billed Curlew G5 SC (1992) BLUE Ochotona princeps Common Pika, G5T2 RED septentrionalis septentrionalis subspecies Oncorhynchus clarki clarki Cutthroat Trout, clarki G4T4 BLUE subspecies Ovis canadensis Bighorn Sheep G4 BLUE Pelecanus erythrorhynchos American White Pelican G3 NAR (1987) RED Rangifer tarandus pop. 15 Caribou (northern mountain G5T4 SC (MAY 2002) BLUE population) Salvelinus confluentus Bull Trout G3 BLUE Taxidea taxus Badger G5 E (May 2000) RED Tympanuchus phasianellus Sharp-tailed Grouse, G4T3 BLUE columbianus columbianus subspecies Ursus arctos Grizzly Bear G4 SC (MAY 2002) BLUE Aeronautes saxatalis White-throated Swift G5 BLUE

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Table 4.16: List of Plant Species that may be at risk in the TPA Status Scientific Name English Name Global COSEWIC BC Status Apocynum x floribundum western dogbane G4G5 BLUE

Arabis lemmonii var. Lemmon's rockcress G5T4? BLUE drepanoloba

Arabis lignifera woody-branched G5 BLUE rockcress

Arnica chamissonis ssp. Incana meadow arnica G5T? BLUE

Atriplex argentea ssp. Argentea silvery orache G5T5 RED

Botrychium ascendens upswept moonwort G2G3 RED

Botrychium simplex least moonwort G5 BLUE

Camissonia breviflora short-flowered G5 RED evening- primrose

Carex heleonastes Hudson Bay sedge G4 BLUE

Carex hystricina porcupine sedge G5 BLUE

Carex saximontana Rocky Mountain G5 BLUE sedge

Carex simulata short-beaked fen G5 BLUE sedge

Carex sychnocephala many-headed sedge G4 BLUE

Carex xerantica dry-land sedge G5 BLUE

Crepis occidentalis ssp. Pumila western hawksbeard G5T5 RED

Draba alpina alpine draba G4G5 BLUE

Draba densifolia Nuttall's draba G5 BLUE

Draba glabella var. glabella smooth draba G4G5T4 BLUE

Draba ventosa Wind River draba G3 BLUE

Epilobium ciliatum ssp. purple-leaved G5T? BLUE Watsonii willowherb

Erythronium montanum white glacier lily G4 BLUE

Festuca minutiflora little fescue G5 BLUE

Juncus albescens whitish rush G5 BLUE

Juncus regelii Regel's rush G4? BLUE

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Status Scientific Name English Name Global Scientific Name English Name

Montia chamissoi Chamisso's montia G5 BLUE

Muhlenbergia glomerata marsh muhly G5 BLUE

Polemonium boreale northern Jacob's- G5 BLUE ladder

Polemonium elegans elegant Jacob's- G4 BLUE ladder

Polemonium occidentale ssp. western Jacob's- G5?T5? BLUE Occidentale ladder

Potentilla diversifolia var. diverse-leaved G5T4 BLUE perdissecta cinquefoil

Potentilla nivea var. pentaphylla five-leaved cinquefoil G5T4 BLUE

Potentilla ovina var. ovina sheep cinquefoil G5?T5? BLUE

Ranunculus pedatifidus ssp. birdfoot buttercup G5T5 BLUE Affinis

Scolochloa festucacea rivergrass G5 RED

Senecio plattensis plains butterweed G5 BLUE

Trichophorum pumilum dwarf clubrush G5 BLUE

Table 4.17: List of plant communities that may be at risk in the TPA

BEC Unit BC BC Scientific Name English Name Rank Status

Achnatherum richardsonii S3 Blue Spreading needlegrass IDFdk4/00

Distichlis stricta - SBPSxc/W1 S1 Red Puccinellia nuttalliana Saltgrass – alkaligrass Glyceria borealis Fen SBPSxc/W10 S3 Blue Northern mannagrass Fen

Ledum groenlandicum / SBPSxc/W9 S3 Blue Sphagnum Labrador tea / Sphagnum Picea engelmanii x glauca IDFdk4/09 S3 Blue / Pleurozium – Hybrid white spruce / feathermoss – Brachythecium Brachythecium Pinus contorta / Festuca MSxv/02 S3 Blue altaica / Stereocaulon Lodgepole pine / Altai fescue / Stereocaulon

Pinus contorta / Ledum MSxv/05 S2S3 Blue glandulosum / Empetrum Lodgepole pine / trapper's tea / crowberry nigrum

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Indicator 24: Ungulate winter range

Development in areas designated as ungulate winter range will follow guidance given in the CCLUP Northern Caribou Strategy and the Regional Mule Deer Winter Range Strategy. As future research identifies options for managing ungulate winter habitat, Tsi Del Del will adapt management plans to ensure that these species are perpetuated over their natural range. For a map showing Mule Deer Winter Ranges and Caribou Areas see Appendix 17.

Indicator 25: Rare Ecosystems

Rare ecosystems are defined in the Biodiversity Guidebook (1995) page 76 as “an ecosystem (site series or surrogate) that makes up less than 2% of a landscape unit and is not common in adjacent landscape units”.

No rare ecosystems have been located within the TPA. When (if) rare ecosystems are identified Tsi Del Del will work with MSRM to develop an appropriate management strategy to address them.

Indicator 26: Maintenance of the natural diversity of fish species and fish habitats.

Fish species will be protected by complying with the FPC of B.C. Act, District policies, and federal fisheries legislation. Access structures often have the greatest impact on fish and fish habitat through sediment input. Tsi Del Del will undertake an assessment of crossing structures in the TPA for sediment problems.

See Indicator 27: Mixed regeneration techniques

See Indicator 30: Hectares of NSR, Regeneration delay and Free growing.

4.2.1.3 Element: Genetic Diversity Genetic diversity is conserved if the variation of genes and alleles within the species is maintained. Sustainable populations of native flora and fauna (including subspecies) depend on maintaining the natural range of variation in genetic material. Protected forest ecosystems contribute to conservation of genetic diversity at the landscape level (OGMA's and Seral distribution) and stand level (WTPs).

Objective Indicators Reportable Measure 14. Maintain the See Indicator 18, 19 & 20. variation of genes and alleles within species. 27. Mixed regeneration 27. Proportion of area techniques. regenerated naturally and planted. (Annual)

Indicators 18, 19 and 20: Protected forest ecosystems

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Conservation of the genetic diversity of forest plants and animals is provided through parks, protected areas, ecological reserves, riparian reserves and WTP’s and through No Harvest zones. The CCLUP has identified its most important natural areas to be protected. Harvesting and other resource development are prohibited in these new protected areas, however existing activities such as recreation activities, hunting and backcountry tourism will be allowed.

Within the TPA, the Homathko River/Tatlayoko Protected Area was established through the CCLUP. A description of the park information, park history, conservation and wildlife can be found in Appendix 10. There are no known ecological reserves in the planning area. Indicator 20: Biodiversity Reserves (Section 4.2.1) describes the importance of reserves and WTP’s as preserving areas of ecological importance, and contributing to the prosperity of the various species of ecological concern. These reserved areas are key to ensuring that species retain their capacity to evolve and adapt to change.

Within the TPA, no-harvest zones have been proposed as part of the Tatla Resource Plan to put aside areas primarily for backcountry, wilderness and wilderness tourism. These no-harvest zones will also contribute to genetic diversity within the SFMP area.

Tsi Del Del will report annually a completed “Biodiversity Reserve Table”. This table will show current WTP/reserve areas as a percent of the total area in the TPA (See Appendix 14).

Indicator 27: Mixed regeneration techniques

Tsi Del Del uses both artificial and natural regeneration on its cutblocks. Tsi Del Del collects seed from the best phenotypic local trees as the seed source for artificial regeneration. Reforestation and tree improvement programs will contribute to the maintenance of genetic diversity for commercial conifer species.

Natural regeneration ensures that the full range of genotypes present in the TPA will be provided with the opportunity to persist. Although natural regeneration may allow some less economically desirable traits to persist, these traits may be valuable under different climatic conditions in the future, or against unanticipated diseases. For these reasons, it is important to continue using natural regeneration.

Tsi Del Del will continue to use both natural and artificial regeneration. Only the best phenotypic seed available will be used for artificial regeneration, and the proportion of area replanted using each technique will be reported each year.

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4.2.2 Criteria 2: Maintenance and Enhancement of Forest Ecosystem Condition and Productivity

Forest ecosystem condition and productivity are conserved if the health, vitality and rates of biological production are maintained. 4.2.2.1 Element: Forest Health Forest health is conserved if biotic (including anthropogenic/human related impacts) and abiotic disturbances and stresses maintain both ecosystem processes and ecosystem conditions within a range of natural variability.

Forest health is a key element in the maintenance of ecosystem condition and productivity. Tsi Del Del is committed to maintaining a forest health program and working with the Ministry of Forests forest health staff, to protect the TPA from damage from insects and disease.

Table 4.18 describes current forest health conditions and protection measures used by Tsi Del Del within their operating areas of the Tatla Planning Area.

Table 4.18: Current Forest Health Conditions and Protection Measures

Forest Health Agent: Condition, Monitoring and Protection Measures:

Mountain Pine Condition: Severe outbreaks of Mountain Pine Beetle are present Beetle north of the planning area (in the Quesnel Forest District) that (Dendroctonus have the potential to spread into the northern part of the planning ponderosa) area. Mild winters experienced in the area over the past few years have enabled beetle populations to significantly increase. Monitoring and Protection: • Annual aerial detection and monitoring by the Ministry of Forests and Tsi Del Del; • Conduct annual ground surveys as necessary (probing, pest incidence surveys) • Blocks planned, and harvesting prioritized in areas where there are substantial infestations. Adjacent susceptible stands will have second priority for harvesting. The choice of silviculture system will be dependent on the size and location of the infestation.

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Forest Health Agent: Condition, Monitoring and Protection Measures:

Other beetles: Condition: Currently, Douglas-fir bark beetle (Dendroctonus pseudotsugae) and Spruce Bark Beetle (Dendroctonus rufipennis) populations are at endemic levels in the planning area, and are not considered a significant risk their principal hosts. Monitoring and Protection: • Annual aerial detection and monitoring by the Ministry of Forests and Tsi Del Del, and annual ground surveys conducted as necessary (probing, pest incidence surveys). • For Douglas-fir, infested trees will be selectively harvested, and logging residue burned. Trap trees will be felled after salvage is complete and removed after the following beetle flight. • For Spruce, beetle populations will be monitored and trap tree plots will be established where required, and removed following beetle flights. Larger infestations may require small patch, group selection or larger clearcuts to reduce the incidence.

Dwarf Mistletoe Condition: Dwarf mistletoe is common throughout the area, and is generally a concern on recently established regeneration. Monitoring and Protection: • Dwarf mistletoe is detected at the pre-harvest development phase, and control methods include slashing infected stems on clear-cut blocks down to 50 cm, and also removing small immature patches (<0.25 ha) on all blocks.

Root Diseases Root diseases such as Armillaria and Phellinus are present in the planning area. Monitoring and Protection: If infestations are identified at the pre-harvest development phase, one of the following control measures will be implemented: • Endemic levels require no action. • Crop rotation to a non-host species. • Mechanical stump removal, to reduce inoculation. • Planting spot selection to avoid inoculation.

Objective Indicators Reportable Measure 15. Maintain forest 28. Salvage of timber due to 28. Number of hectares health. forest insect outbreak. salvaged from severe pest outbreaks. (Annual)

29. Disease control measures for 29. Percent of cutblocks in cutblocks. compliance with disease control measures as stated in the Site Plan. (Annual)

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Indicator 28: Salvage of timber due to forest insect outbreak

A number of insects exist in the TPA, as identified in Table 4.18, however current populations appear to be endemic with the exception of the Mountain Pine Beetle. These populations are monitored and if required, will be managed to reduce the risk of spread to timber resources. Monitoring and Protection measures noted in Table 4.18 will help to:

• Minimize the losses of timber in operable merchantable stands; • Maintain forest productivity and health of plantations and immature stands by monitoring disease and insects activity, and carrying out control measures as required; • Salvage damaged timber (from pest and disease) promptly; and • Ensure prompt delivery of timber to mills and processing. Tsi Del Del will report number of hectares salvaged from severe pest outbreaks.

Refer to section 4.1.1.1, Indicator 3, for information on managing wind and fire losses.

Indicator 29: Disease control measures for cutblocks

At the stand level, diseases are identified during pre-harvest development work. Information is collected for any existing or potential disease. Disease control measures are then included in the Site Plan’s and any treatments recommended to manage the disease will be completed if required.

Silviculture surveys also collect forest health agents within newly regenerated stands following harvest. Any forest health problem, recommendations and treatments carried out are tracked and reported to the Ministry of Forests.

Tsi Del Del will report annually the percent of cutblocks in compliance with disease control measures as stated in the Site Plan. 4.2.2.2 Element: Forest Ecosystem Productivity Ecosystem productivity is maintained when ecosystem conditions are capable of supporting all naturally occurring species, timber and non-timber.

Maintaining forest ecosystem productivity is necessary to accomplish all of the economic, biodiversity (ecological) and social objectives of the SFMP. It is much broader than simply regeneration of harvested stands and requires attention to improving productivity as well.

There has been extensive spacing in the area and there are fertilization trials being conducted by Yun Ka Whu’ten Holdings in the adjacent Anahim Supply Block. Tsi Del Del will monitor the results of spacing and fertilization and incorporate them into the SFMP area if the results appear to justify the costs, depending on available funding.

Tsi Del Del is assessing the need for growth and yield plots and will establish them as funding becomes available and the need warrants.

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Objective Indicators Reportable Measure 16. Maintain forest 30. Hectares of NSR, 30a. Hectares of NSR. (Annual) ecosystem regeneration delay and free productivity. growing. 30b. Percent of area meeting regen delay. (Annual)

30c. Number of hectares that reach free growing. (Annual) Indicator 30: Hectares of NSR, Regeneration delay and Free growing.

This Indicator focuses on the long-term species composition across the landbase and prompt reforestation. Ecosystem productivity is maintained after harvesting disturbances, when healthy and productive forest ecosystems are re-established. Prompt reforestation ensures that the productive capacity of forest landbase to grow trees is maintained.

At the pre-harvest stage, Tsi Del Del ensures an ecologically based Site Plan is completed for each proposed block. These Site Plans include the results of various assessments required under the Forest Practices Code. Additionally, the following information is collected that are key to determining the reforestation plan for the harvested area:

• Ecosystem classification for the area; • Hazard rating for soil compaction, erosion and displacement; • Recommended harvest system; • Recommended silviculture system, and purpose and description of leave trees; • Description of any known non-timber resource features and a plan to protect them; and • Location of streams, wetlands, lakes, and description of plans to protect them. Tsi Del Del then incorporates this information to prepare the Site Plan, which in turn, is used to determine the reforestation plan for that harvest area. Tsi Del Del’s goals for their silviculture program include:

• Reforest all blocks within three (3) years for artificial regeneration, and seven (7) years for naturally regenerated blocks after harvest to comply with prescribed regeneration delays; • Manage regenerated cutblocks to target stocking standards; • Establish a free growing stand of ecologically appropriate, well-spaced trees within the prescribed period. These goals not only help to maintain the natural forest composition in an area, but they also lend themselves to forest health and productivity in the long-term.

Prompt reforestation ensures that the productive capacity of the forest landbase to grow trees is maintained. Promptness aids in providing young trees a head

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start against competing vegetation, helping to reduce the need for manual or chemical brushing treatments.

Tsi Del Del will report annually: • Total hectares of Not Satisfactorily Restocked (NSR). • Percent of the harvested area meeting regen delay. • Number of hectares reaching free growing each year.

4.2.3 Criteria 3: Conservation of soil and water resources

Soil and water resources and physical environments are conserved if the quantity and quality of soil and water within forest ecosystems are maintained. 4.2.3.1 Element: Soil resources Soil resources are conserved if the ability of soils to sustain forest productivity is maintained within characteristic ranges of variation. Soil productivity is vital to all forest interests. Maintaining or enhancing the productivity of the soil enhances the ability of the planning area to produce forest resources on a sustainable basis.

Objective Indicators Reportable Measure 17. Minimize See Indicator 2. permanent loss of productive area. 31. Terrain Stability. 31. Percent of Site Plans and road designs consistent with terrain stability field assessments. (Annual)

32. Dispersed soil disturbance. 32. Number of cutblocks consistent with soil disturbance targets in the Site Plan. (Annual)

Indicator 31: Terrain stability

A terrain stability field assessment is an assessment that is carried out by a Professional Geoscientist or Engineer on areas determined as having moderate to high likelihood of landslides, unstable or potentially unstable terrain, a slope gradient greater than 60 %, areas with indicators of slope instability, or areas identified by the District Manager as requiring detailed terrain stability assessment. It is a detailed ground assessment that identifies whether or not harvesting or road building can occur, relative risk from operations, and limitations and recommendations for forest management activities.

Tsi Del Del’s objectives are to conduct forestry operations to protect, maintain or enhance the long-term productivity of forest soils and minimize the impacts on water quality. Tsi Del Del currently has no development proposals in areas greater than 60% slope. Tsi Del Del has identified these areas on current Forest Development Plan 1:20,000 maps, as highlighted areas with slope gradient of 60% and greater. The identification of these sites was completed using TRIM data and measuring slopes on a 50 by 50 meter raster. Tsi Del Del plans to retain the services of qualified professionals to assess every proposal on slopes

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> 60%, if the need arises.

If future developments are proposed and completed in areas with potential terrain stability issues, Tsi Del Del will report annually the percent of Site Plans and road designs consistent with terrain stability field assessments.

Indicator 32: Dispersed soil disturbance All areas proposed for harvesting are reviewed to ensure the protection of soil resources is within acceptable limits. Minimizing the negative impact caused by forest management activities such as harvesting, road building and silviculture conserves soil quality. These impacts include soil compaction, erosion and displacement. Conservation of soil quality, maintains the long-term productivity of the ecosystem.

Tsi Del Del current practices for soil conservation include:

• Timing forest operations seasonally to minimize soils disturbance as per the Site Plan • Conduct rehabilitation of temporary access structures as required to meet SP targets. • Minimize road construction within blocks and manage soil disturbance to meet the limits defined within the Site Plan, within net area to be reforested. Soil compaction limits the growing capacity of the ground by reducing the amount of oxygen and limiting water flow. The compaction hazard and risk are evaluated at the SP stage. Blocks with high compaction hazard and risk should be harvested on dry soils or during the winter months when the soils are frozen. The main factor in the planning area for high compaction hazard is the presence of clay and organic matter in the soil profile.

Tsi Del Del will report annually, the number of cutblocks consistent with the soil disturbance targets specified in the Site Plans. Refer to Indicator 2 for additional information.

Indicator 2: Annual percent of harvested areas in permanent access structures (e.g. roads and landings). Average less than 6%.

When areas are included as permanent access structures, these areas are removed from the productive landbase and no longer contribute to some of the key elements of sustainable forest management. The amount of permanent access is stated in the Site Plan. Tsi Del Del commits to averaging less than 6% permanent access on all proposed development, unless required for “small cutblocks containing main haul roads, cutblocks with a switch backing haul road, and other cases where topography and engineering constraints limit the options for road location and development. Where the proportion specified is more than 7% of the area a rationale for the higher level of occupancy should be provided with the prescription.” (Soil Conservation Guidebook).

Tsi Del Del will report annually the actual percent of harvested areas in permanent access structures.

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4.2.3.2 Element: Water Resources Water resources are conserved if water quality and quantity is maintained, and if healthy watersheds function within the natural range of variability.

Generally speaking, water quantity is controlled by weather more than forest management; therefore Tsi Del Del will concentrate its effort on maintaining water quality. It is expected that the coarse filter approach at the landscape level; seral distribution, prompt regeneration and stand level measure such as riparian management will maintain water quantities.

Objective Indicators Reportable Measure 18. Maintain See Indicator 20: Riparian acceptable levels of Management Areas. water quality and quantity and 33. Road maintenance and 33a. # of kilometers of road temperature and deactivation. maintained. (Annual) stream flow regimes within the natural 33b. # of kilometers of road range of variability. deactivated. (Annual)

34. Stream crossings. 34. Number of stream crossings installed, inspected, monitored and number of crossings requiring maintenance. (Annual)

Indicator 20: Riparian Management Areas

Riparian Management Areas help maintain conditions of water in streams and rivers through shading, bank vegetation maintenance and the minimization of disturbance effects by providing mechanical buffers. This buffering will ameliorate changes to water quality and temperature.

Indicator 33: Road maintenance and deactivation This indicator recognizes the potential impact of roaded access on forests and waterways. Tsi Del Del has an obligation to maintain forestry roads developed as part of their operations. Proactive development of maintenance or deactivation plans for forestry roads will prevent or mitigate short- and long-term impacts of roads as they are developed. Maintenance and deactivation plans include an assessment of risk and subsequent road inspections that are undertaken based on the risk.

Tsi Del Del will manage water quality, quantity and erosion control by ensuring that all status roads (temporary and permanent) conform to their maintenance or deactivation plans as described in the Forest Development Plan. Active road maintenance and deactivation programs, particularly following logging and during the spring snow melt, will assist in the prevention of soil movement and sedimentation, thereby contributing to the maintenance of water quality, and also soil productivity.

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Tsi Del Del will:

• Install suitable drainage structures to facilitate uninterrupted water flow. When possible, the structures will be installed at the appropriate time so that fisheries' concerns are met. • Use silt fences and other methods when building roads to limit potential sediment input when necessary; • Conduct post-construction monitoring and maintenance to ensure that structures are operating as designed and installed; where problems have occurred, or are likely to occur, remedial measures will be taken. Tsi Del Del will report annually on the number of km deactivated, number of km maintained, and any infractions (DM determinations and violation tickets) related to road maintenance and deactivation plans, within the TPA.

Indicator 34: Stream Crossings

Any stream crossing will impact water quality. By assessing the quality of the stream crossing and improving these over time, water quality impacts should be lessened. Tsi Del Del will install suitable drainage structures to facilitate uninterrupted water flow. Post-construction monitoring and maintenance will follow to ensure that the structures are operating as designed and installed; where problems have occurred, or are likely to occur, remedial measures will be taken. Monitoring of stream crossings will not only ensure that repairs are completed when necessary, but will ensure a quick response in case of flood events, especially in the spring.

In addition to water quality, stream crossings affect fisheries values. Stream crossings are to be installed at the appropriate time so that fisheries’ concerns are met. Tsi Del Del is committed to working with MWLAP, and the Department of Fisheries and Oceans in formulating, reviewing and implementing forest plans. Tsi Del Del’s goal is to use practices that minimize adverse effects on fish and wildlife populations, and, wherever feasible, to promote the maintenance or growth of those populations. Tsi Del Del will use the Riparian Management Guidebook, as per the preface of that guidebook, when developing site-specific prescriptions. Development in or about streams will be in compliance with all the applicable legislation and regulations. Tsi Del Del will follow the "Conservation Measures and Timing Window for the Conservation of Fish, Fish Habitat and Water Quality During In stream Works in the Chilcotin Forest District", dated March 9, 2001.

The appropriate FPC riparian buffers will be established around all classified streams. These buffers will provide shade, nutrients and organic materials that are critical to fish bearing streams. Furthermore, they will also provide stream bank stability that will prevent erosion and increased sediment loads in the stream.

Tsi Del Del will report annually on the number of stream crossings installed, the number of crossings inspected, monitored and number requiring maintenance.

4.2.4 Criteria 4: Contribution to Global Ecological Cycles

Forests contribute largely to the functioning of the earth’s biosphere and to the

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regulation of global biological cycles related to the carbon cycle and the hydrological cycle.

Forest stands strongly influence the process of carbon exchange and storage in the forest. When catastrophic events occur on a large scale, both in area and frequency, the overall forest age is shifted back to younger stands, resulting in reduced carbon storage in biomass. Although younger stands do accumulate carbon at a higher rate than do older stands, converting older to younger does not decrease the amount of carbon released into the atmosphere because of the abundance of already stored carbon in older aged stands. Therefore, controlling the rate of stand senescence through proper forest management could have direct benefits in controlling global carbon cycles. An important step in this process would be to decrease the amount of area lost to fire and other catastrophic events. 4.2.4.1 Element: Element Recycling Element recycling is maintained when the processes that are responsible for recycling water, carbon, nitrogen and other life sustaining elements are maintained.

The global carbon cycle is defined as the cyclical movement of carbon within the biosphere. Carbon is primarily removed from the air by plants during photosynthesis and by dissolving in bodies of water. Carbon is generally returned to the air via biological respiration, decomposition of organic matter, volcanic activity, and society’s industrial activities, including the combustion of fossil fuels. (source: www.co2science.org/dictionnary).

Forest carbon has recently become a key SFM value, especially in view of Canada’s international commitment to lower its net carbon output to the atmosphere. Models for calculating a forest carbon budget may still be rudimentary, but even simple models indicate whether a specific forest is expected to be a net carbon source or sink over the period normally used for wood-supply forecasts, (CSA Z809-02).

Due to the complexity of global ecological cycles, it is often difficult to visualize the impact that local forests have on the global environment. Forests are particularly important to global cycles because of their long life span, vast area, and their unique characteristics as efficient carbon storehouses.

Objective Indicators Reportable Measure

19. Minimize See Indicators 3, 19, 28, 29 & disturbances that 30. negatively impact element cycles.

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See Indicator 3: Hectares of non-recoverable losses due to wind and fire.

Indicator 19. Seral Stage and Patch Size Distribution

Forest stands strongly influence the process of carbon exchange and storage in the forest. When catastrophic events occur on a large scale, both in area and frequency, the overall forest age is shifted back to younger stands, resulting in reduced carbon storage in biomass. Although younger stands do accumulate carbon at a higher rate than do older stands, converting older to younger does not decrease the amount of carbon released into the atmosphere because of the abundance of already stored carbon in older aged stands. Therefore, controlling the rate of stand senescence through proper forest management could have direct benefits in controlling global carbon cycles. An important step in this process would be to decrease the amount of area lost to fire and other catastrophic events.

Tsi Del Del has no control over human-caused fires (i.e. public), other industrial fires, or lightning-caused fires; however, Tsi Del Del does have control over fires caused by Company operations. Currently, as noted in Indicator 3, Tsi Del Del company employees and contractors follow the company’s Fire Preparedness Plan, and all work is completed in accordance with government regulations. The risks associated with the other fires are managed by assisting the Ministry of Forests during high hazard conditions to reduce the potential area impacted.

Tsi Del Del has limited control over the spread of the current Mountain Pine Beetle epidemic occurring north of the Tatla Planning Area. This and other beetles and disease monitoring and protection programs are detailed in Indicators 28 and 29.

Tsi Del Del will monitor and report the number of occurrences and amount of area impacted by fire, wind, disease and insects (wind and fire areas will be the same as areas reported for Indicator 3).

See Indicator 28: Salvage of timber due to forest insect outbreak

See Indicator 29: Disease control measures for cutblocks

Indicator 30. Hectares of NSR, Regeneration delay and free growing In modifying the existing condition of the forest landbase, reforestation efforts will be directed at regenerating the harvested areas with tree species that are ecologically compatible with the harvested site and the surrounding forest ecosystem. In doing so, the regenerated forest will have similar characteristics to the surrounding forest ecosystem which is beneficial in terms of resistance to natural disturbances (fire, disease, pests, etc.), climatic stresses (temperature and moisture extremes), and site conditions (soil characteristics and nutrient availability). Furthermore, timber supply calculations are based on assumptions that regenerated forests are meeting certain productivity and timeline estimates. By selecting species, which are ecologically suitable for regenerating harvested areas, there is a good probability that these areas will remain part of the productive landbase and contribute to the maintenance of the productive forest ecosystems. As a result, the maintenance of the productive forest landbase

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ensures the elements necessary to the effectiveness of the forest ecosystem to contribute to the global ecological cycles.

Tsi Del Del ensures minimum regeneration delay and complete stocking through artificial and natural regeneration techniques. Both practices ensure all harvested sites are either planted, or regenerated naturally, with ecologically suited coniferous species. Current practices dictate that Preferred and Acceptable species are prescribed within the Site Plan on the basis of ecological suitability, with due consideration for management objectives for the stand. As well, adequately reforesting harvested areas includes meeting the regeneration delay and free growing dates in the site plan.

It is important to have forests continually growing because of the huge carbon pool generated from them. 4.2.4.2 Element: Utilization and Regeneration The contribution to the health of global ecological cycles is maintained if utilization and rejuvenation are balanced and sustained.

Objective Indicators Reportable Measure

20. A prosperous See Indicator 1. Annual harvest forest industry with a level relative to annual allocation. sustainable supply of timber and non-timber resource values. See Indicator 30. Hectares of NSR, Regeneration delay and Free growing.

Indicator 1: Annual harvest level relative to annual allocation

To be considered sustainable, harvesting a renewable resource cannot deteriorate the resource on an ecological, social, or economic basis. Some resource values will be incompatible; however, the resource is considered sustainable where there is a balance between the various components of sustainability. In the determination of allowable annual cut (AAC) there are various considerations that are examined which include: the long term sustainable harvest of the timber resource, community stability, wildlife use, recreational use, the productivity of the defined forest area, etc. The AAC is determined every five years by the Chief Forester of the Province of British Columbia using a number of forecasts to assess the various resource values to be managed.

By following the AAC determination, the rate of harvest is consistent with what is considered to be sustainable ecologically, socially and economically.

As noted, Tsi Del Del currently has a Non-Renewable Forest License for 60,000 m3/year. Tsi Del Del would like to have a long-term agreement with the local community, MOF and other Licensees to manage the SFMP area. This would lead to a more long-term sustainable yield for the SFMP area, and to have Tsi Del Del harvest to that sustainable level.

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See Indicator 30. Hectares of NSR, Regeneration delay and Free growing

4.3 Principle #3: Socially Beneficial Forest Management

4.3.1 Criteria 1: Accepting Society’s Responsibility for Sustainable Development 4.3.1.1 Element: First Nations The SFMP area is overlapped by four First Nations, two coastal and two interior: Homalco, Kwakiutl, Alexis Creek and Nemiah. For a map showing the areas of interest by First Nations over the SFMP refer to Appendix 15.

Operational Plans will be referred to all the bands for input and consultation. Comments received from the bands will be assessed for implementation into operational plans and harvesting practices.

4.3.1.1.1 Alexis Creek Indian Band

ACIB Mission Statement

To empower our people to lead healthier lifestyles by educating, supporting and promoting independence.

The Alexis Creek Indian Band is located roughly 110 km west of Williams Lake. Total reserve area is 3993 hectares in thirty-seven locations. The Band is named after Chief Alexis, a leader of the Chilcotin Indians and is part of the Chilcotin linguistic group. Chilcotin People originally lived at Anaham near Alexis Creek. Chilcotin means, "People of the blue water." (http://www.rootsweb.com/~bccaribo/geolinks.html) The Band is part of the larger Tsilhqot’in National Government.

The Alexis Creek Indian resides at Redstone Flats since the early 1900’s. Most families lived elsewhere, moving about the country with the seasons, doing contract work for ranches, trapping, hunting, fishing and gathering what they needed to survive. Families were largely independent and came together for large community gatherings throughout the year (source: Sage Birchwater, Alexis Creek Indian Band web site).

The reserve is home to 353 aboriginal people with another 132 living off the reserve and is accessible by highway. Water is supplied to the dwellings on the reserve via a heated main from one community well and one reservoir. Sewage is disposed in septic tanks. Police protection is provided by the RCMP detachment in Alexis Creek while postal services are provided by Chilanko Falls. Health care is provided in Williams Lake.

Facilities available on the reserve include a community hall, a band office, a machine shed, a warehouse, a school complex, and a teacherage. Economic activities include farming, cattle ranching, and forestry related activities (http://www.indianlife.org/reserves/bc/probca58.php).

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4.3.1.1.2 Nemiah

The Xeni Gwet'in (formerly known as the Nemiah Indian Band) has commenced two actions raising issues concerning aboriginal rights and title. The first action was filed in 1990 and has been referred to as the “Nemiah Trapline action”. The second action was commenced in 1998 and has been referred to as the “Brittany Triangle action”. These two actions were later consolidated. The trial of the consolidated action began on November 18, 2002.

The Xeni Gwet’in First Nation holds a 344,000 hectare trapline that overlaps a significant portion of the SFMP area (see Appendix 7). Planning will continue for the trapline area but no activities will be commenced until after the litigation is complete.

Objective Indicators Reportable Measure 21. Support educational 35. Fund Tsi Del Del 35. $0.50 per cubic meter of opportunities for band Educational Trust Fund. AAC volume harvested members in forestry, job placed into fund for training and life skills. educational opportunities. (Annual) 22. Provide meaningful consultation in forest 36. Records of meetings and 36. Number of management. correspondence with Bands. meetings/consultations held with Bands. (Annual) 23. Increase First Nations involvement in 37. Forestry work and harvesting 37. Percent of forestry work forest management. carried out by First Nations. carried out by First Nations. (Annual) 24. Protect First Nations cultural features. 38. Traditional Use Study. 38. Number of areas or blocks set aside, or blocks modified by TUS information. (Annual)

39. Archaeological Impact 39. Number of AIA’s Assessments (AIA). completed. (Annual)

Indicator 35. Fund Tsi Del Del Educational Trust Fund

Tsi Del Del will continue to fund the Tsi Del Del Educational Trust Fund by $0.50 per cubic metre of AAC harvested ($300,000 over ten years) that will support educational opportunities for band members in Forestry, job training and life skills (refer to Indicator # 9).

Indicator 36. Records of meetings and correspondence with Bands

The Board of Directors of Tsi Del Del, comprised of the ACIB Chief, Band Manager, one councilor and three others, meets monthly to discuss the operations, plans and activities of Tsi Del Del. Records of these meetings are

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kept on file at Tsi Del Del.

Tsi Del Del utilizes bands members as crew persons during AIA’s and solicits band input at the AIA stage of forestry planning.

Tsi Del Del meets with band representatives to discuss operational plans and TUS issues (see Indicator 39).

Operational plans are submitted to the bands for consultation. Records of all meetings are kept on file at Tsi Del Del.

Tsi Del Del will report the number of meetings/consultations held with bands and band members annually.

Indicator 37. Forestry work and harvesting carried out by First Nations

Tsi Del Del presently utilizes first nation forestry crews for approximately 78-80% of its forestry work. Tsi Del Del has an objective of building more capacity among First Nations and then utilizing this capacity (See Indicator 9).

Tsi Del Del will report annually on the percentage of forestry work done by First Nations.

Indicator 38. Traditional Use Study

Tsi Del Del recognizes the rights of aboriginal peoples to carry out sustenance activities in their traditional territories. Tsi Del Del will consult with First Nations known to have specific heritage or cultural concerns in Tsi Del Del’s operating areas. Where details of these concerns are known, they will be acknowledged in all associated forest development/stewardship plans.

Open communications with local First Nations during development planning will assist with the management of traditional knowledge, non-timber resources, and cultural and heritage values. First Nations may provide useful information concerning non-timber resources; including cultural and heritage resources, traditional use sites and knowledge of local wildlife and fisheries. Non-timber resources may also include, but are not limited to, water, wildlife, fisheries, recreation, botanical forest products and forage.

Currently, numerous traditional use sites exist within the Tatla Planning Area, as identified by local First Nation peoples. These traditional use sites are not available for public viewing, therefore are not part of this plan. Tsi Del Del will continue to be committed to maintaining a meaningful and respectful relationship, with local First Nation peoples. Tsi Del Del recognizes the rights of aboriginal peoples to carry out sustenance activities in their traditional areas. Consultation with First Nations will continue, where specific heritage or cultural concerns are known.

The Tatla Planning Area designates Polygons 2 and 5 (totaling 8,512 hectares) as “No Harvest” primarily for Traditional Use concerns. Traditional Use concerns also overlap other polygons: 7-13 (No Harvest area of 5,831 ha) overlaps with tourism and visuals; 7-5 (No Harvest area of 8,163 ha) overlaps with recreation and tourism.

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As Tourism use increases there may be more overlap with Traditional Use areas and other areas of significance for First Nation peoples. These overlaps may require increased levels of consultation and communication.

Indicator 39. Number of AIA’s carried out

Archaeology Impact Assessments (AIA) will be conducted as required by the District Manager based on the Chilcotin District Archaeology Overview Assessment (AOA). Tsi Del Del has retained the services of a qualified archaeologist to conduct AIAs. Sites identified by the archaeologist during AIA will be protected during forest development.

The results of these assessments are described in very general terms and actual reports are not included in the appendix at the request of the First Nations to protect these resources. Should unidentified archaeological resources be discovered, operations will stop immediately or be modified to ensure that the site is not damaged. The discovery will be referred to the MOF and the Ministry of Small Business, Tourism and Culture, Archaeology Branch as per Section 51 of the FPC Act.

4.3.1.1 Element: Employee Relations

Accepting society’s expectation for sustainable development is accomplished when Tsi Del Del provides a working environment for its employees where they feel they are productive and important to the company.

Objective Indicators Reportable Measure 25. Provide a 9. Training. working environment where employees 40. Employee Communication. 40. Number of feel valued. crew/employee meetings. (Annual) Indicator 9: Training

Tsi Del Del believes that an additional benefit of training is the increased sense of value and inclusiveness that the forestry employees may feel. This feeling of belonging to a team also provides for a stronger company, which translates into a stronger community.

Indicator 40: Employee Communication

The Tsi Del Del company structure allows a direct link between the foremen and their employees. Monthly Board of Directors meetings are held where all the foremen are present and have a chance to discuss potential issues with upper management. Tsi Del Del also holds monthly safety meetings and regular production & quality meetings, mostly during shift changes where all the operational staff is present. Finally, Tsi Del Del also distributes internal memorandums to employees on critical issues.

4.3.1.3 Element: Safety

Accepting society’s expectation for sustainable development is accomplished when Tsi Del Del provides a safe working environment for its employees,

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contractors and the public.

Objective Indicators Reportable Measure 26. Provide safe 9. Training. working environment. 41. Safety Equipment and 41a. Number of safety procedures. meetings. (Annual)

41b. Number of reported incidents. (Annual)

41c. Number of safety inspections. (Annual)

Indicator 9: Training

Specific to safety, all Tsi Del Del employees are trained regularly in First Aid, Transportation Endorsement, Danger Trees, WHIMIS and fire suppression. All the crews have regular monthly safety meeting where incidents or near-misses are discussed. Field operatives are trained in the safe use of ATV’s and snowmobiles as well as bear awareness. Safety incidences are recorded and reported to the Workers’ Compensation Board of BC and upper management. Hearing tests are conducted regularly.

Indicator 41: Safety Equipment and procedures Tsi Del Del is committed to providing a safe work environment for all its employees. All the machines are equipped with up-to-date safety features and tools. All company vehicles are equipped with First Aid kits and long-range two- way radios. The foremen vehicles are also equipped with radio-telephones. All employees are provided with high-visibility vest, hard-hat, work gloves and a supply of disposable earplugs and earmuffs. The foremen also ensure that the employees wear proper work clothing and footwear.

Tsi Del Del has Safety Standard Operating Procedures, in line with the forest industry norms. All employees are made aware of the appropriate SOP’s and they all receive copies of new procedures. All of Tsi Del Del’ employees and contractors have radios in their vehicles with frequencies used on all logging roads. At the start of all logging roads there are signs stating the required frequency to use when hauling is in progress. 4.3.1.2 Element: Communities Tsi Del Del has accepted society’s expectation for sustainable forest management when they have involved the public and local communities in the development of objectives for the SFMP area and consulted with them regarding the operational plans designed to implement them.

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Objective Indicators Reportable Measure 27. Maintain and 42. Areas for community 42. Hectares set aside for enhance community development: Woodlots, community development. stability. community forest and tourism. (Annual)

28. Involve 43. Public and individual 43. Number of meetings communities in land meetings and consultations. held. (Annual) use planning and in operational plans.

Indicator 42. Areas for community development: Woodlots, community forest and tourism.

Tsi Del Del and the WTA first collaborated on a joint forestry/tourism industry plan over two years ago. Once agreement in principle to proceed was reached, initial strategic planning at the 1:250,000 scale was undertaken. When the areas of interest were identified, it became obvious that much of the landbase requirements of the two interests did not overlap. The areas where tourism and forestry were overlapped were also identified as important to the local community through a separate community planning process undertaken by the Tatla Resource Association. Recognizing this interest, the process was then enlarged to include the local community in the planning operation.

The result is a plan (Base Case 12) that reflects the needs of the forest industry, the tourism industry, First Nation traditional use and the local Community.

The Tatla Planning Area project identifies an area (Polygon 24 mod 80%) as a place for the development of community forestry. Woodlots may also be located in Skinner Creek (Polygon 16).

Wilderness Tourism growth will focus primarily on Polygon 7A and other No Harvest places notably 7-5 Lincoln Pass, 7-8 Sapeye Lake, 7-9 Patterson Lake; 7-13 Chilko River, and 26 Crazy Creek, as well as scenic areas such as 7-12 Lingfield-Cheshi. Areas transitional between these core tourism areas and the primary conventional harvest areas in the north and east of the SFMP area will be managed through visual design and access management controls.

For a complete listing of the Tatla Planning Area Polygons, with Harvest/No Harvest prescriptions for “Base Case 12” see Section 5.0.

Indicator 43. Public and individual meetings and consultations

Tsi Del Del is committed to consultation with concerned individuals and groups regarding plans and projects within the SFMP area. Land use plans, sub- regional plans and development plans will be referred and comments incorporated into future plans. 4.3.1.3 Element: Compliance Tsi Del Del has accepted society’s expectation for sustainable forest management when they are in compliance with all applicable legislation

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regulations.

Objective Indicators Reportable Measure 29. To achieve 9. Training. compliance with all legislation and 44. Percent compliance. 44. Report all contraventions. regulations. (Annual)

See Indicator 9: Training

Tsi Del Del is committed to providing training and skill development for its employees. Each year prior to start-up the harvesting crew has a “Forest Practices Code” training day in addition to the required annual courses such as fire fighting, WHIMIS, first aid and spill training. Additional courses such as road construction and deactivation are also provided where a need is identified.

The forestry crew also goes through annual training courses, which in addition to the above also include riparian management and cruising. Additional courses are also provided where a need is identified such as layout of partial cutting and soil classification.

Indicator 44: Percent compliance

Compliance with all regulations will be monitored. Contraventions will be investigated and, where required, changes in procedures will be implemented to prevent reoccurrence.

Tsi Del Del’s objective is to achieve full compliance will all legislation, regulations and the intent of Tatla Resource Plan.

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5.0 TPA POLYGONS: DESCRIPTION AND OBJECTIVES

The SFMP area has been divided into 38 polygons, referred to as the Tatla Planning Polygons or the SFMP polygons (see Table 5.1), that are the basis for setting management objectives. Tsi Del Del has been directly involved with the Tsi Del Del First Nation, West Chilcotin Tourism Association (WCTA), the Wilderness Tourism Association (WTA) and the Tatla Resource Association in development of the SFMP polygons and their objectives. For a list of the polygons showing No Harvest percent, gross and productive areas see Appendix 4.

Table 5.1: Tatla Planning Area Polygons

Polygon Location Harvest Type Primary Objectives No.

1A Satah Mtn No Harvest Caribou No Harvest, Biodiversity 1B Caribou Modified Rotation age to 144** Caribou modified, Biodiversity 2 Redbrush No Harvest Traditional use, Biodiversity 3 Chilanko Conventional 5% Conventional Timber Harvest 4 Puntzi Creek Modified 50% Traditional use, Biodiversity, timber harvest 5 Chantslar Lake No Harvest Traditional Use, Biodiversity 6 Tatla Lake Modified 10% Traditional Use, Visuals from Highway 20, timber harvest 7A Backcountry No Harvest Traditional Use, Backcountry, Wilderness Tourism, Biodiversity 7-1 Martin Lake No Harvest Traditional Use, Recreation, Visuals, Biodiversity 7-2 Martin Lake Modified 25% Traditional Use, Recreation, Visuals, Timber Harvest 7-3 Eagle Lake No Harvest Traditional Use, Visual, Recreation, Biodiversity 7-4 Cochin Lake Modified 25% Traditional Use, Visuals, Recreation, Timber Harvest 7-5 Lincoln Pass No Harvest Traditional Use, Visual, Recreation, Biodiversity 7-8 Sapeye Lake No Harvest Traditional Use, Visuals, Recreation, Tourism, Biodiversity 7-9 Patterson Lake No Harvest Traditional Use, Visuals, Recreation, Tourism, Biodiversity 7-10 Sapeye Lake Modified 22% Visuals, Recreation, Timber Harvest 7-11 Tatla Modified 15% Traditional Use, Visuals, Recreation, Timber Harvest

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Polygon Location Harvest Type Primary Objectives No. 7-12 Lingfield-Cheshi Modified 35% Traditional Use, Visuals, Tourism, Timber Harvest, Backcountry 7-13 Chilko River No Harvest Traditional Use, Visuals, Tourism, Biodiversity 7-14 Rosse Lake Modified 10% Traditional Use, Wildlife, Timber Harvest 8 Bidwell Conventional 5% Traditional Use, Conventional Timber Harvest 9 Sapeye Ridge Modified (PR) 20% Visuals from Tatla Lake and Highway 20, Timber Harvest 11 Eagle Lake Modified 10% Traditional Use, Visual from Eagle and Cochin Lakes, Timber Harvest 13 Horn Lake Mod 22% (MDWR) Mule Deer, Visuals, Recreation, Timber Harvest 15A Tatla Hill Conventional 5% Traditional Use, Conventional Timber Harvest 15B Quakie Creek Modified 10% Traditional Use, Visuals, Tourism, Timber Harvest 15C Upper Quakie Modified 10% Visuals, Tourism, Timber Harvest 16 Skinner Creek Modified 10% Traditional Use, Visuals, Timber Harvest 18 Twist Lake Modified 15% Visuals, Timber Harvest 19 Middle Lake Modified 22% (MDWR) Mule Deer, Visuals, Recreation, Timber Harvest 20 Razor Creek Modified 15% Visuals, Tourism, Timber Harvest 21 Tatlayoko Lake Mod 21% (90% Traditional Use, Mule Deer, Visuals, Recreation, MDWR) Timber Harvest 22 Hwy 20 Corridor Conventional 10% Traditional Use, Visuals, Timber Harvest 23 Road Corridor Conventional 20% Traditional Use, Visuals, Timber Harvest 24 Tatlayoko Modified 80% Traditional Use, Visuals, Recreation, Timber Harvesting (Possible Woodlots Or Community Forest Area) 25 Tatlayoko Lake No Harvest Backcountry, Wilderness Tourism, Biodiversity, Traditional Use 26 Crazy Creek No Harvest Backcountry, Wilderness Tourism, Biodiversity 27 Tatla Lake No Harvest Traditional Use, Backcountry, Wilderness Tourism, Biodiversity

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6.0 FURTHER RESOURCE INVENTORIES

The development of the SFMP for the Tatla Planning Area has shown that there are areas where more information is required to adequately design and implement strategies to achieve the objectives proposed in the plan. The following is a partial list of projects to be completed to fully implement the plan.

6.1 Coordinated Access Management Plan

In the attempt to manage the area for multiple resource values and uses, uncontrolled access becomes the most contentious issue. Tsi Del Del will participate in the development of a Co-ordinated Access Management Plan (CAMP) for the SFMP area. Access planning and closures will be developed through the CAMP process and will be adhered to in operational plans. Combinations of road closures, access control points and road deactivation, will be some of the methods used to achieve the objective of managing for multiple resource uses.

6.2 Visuals

A project that needs to be completed over the next year or two is to have public meetings to identify the viewpoints for each visual polygon. VQO’s need to be developed and assigned to each viewpoint that are consistent with the visual objectives and are within the No Harvest percentages applied to the polygon.

6.3 Research and Development

Current research projects are described in Section 4.1.1.8. As new information becomes available, or new inventories are required to meet specific needs, Tsi Del Del will establish research projects as appropriate. A list of projects currently under consideration is included in Appendix 19.

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7.0 REFERENCES

References:

Armleder, H. M., Dawson, R. J., and Thomson, R.N. 1986. Handbook For Timber And Mule Deer Management Co-Ordination On Winter Regions In The Cariboo Forest Region. British Columbia Ministry of Forests Land Management Handbook. British Columbia.

Biodiversity Conservation Strategy Committee. 1996. Biodiversity Strategy Report. British Columbia. Downloadable at: http://srmwww.gov.bc.ca/car/planning/cclup/biodiv/index.html#biodiv

British Columbia Ministry of Forests. 1995. Biodiversity Guidebook. Forest Practices Code of B.C., Victoria, British Columbia.

British Columbia Ministry of Forests. 1995. Forest Practices Code of British Columbia Act. Forest Practices Code of B.C., Victoria, British Columbia.

British Columbia Ministry of Forests. 1995. Biodiversity guidebook. Forest Practices Code of B.C., Victoria, British Columbia.

British Columbia Ministry of Forests. 1995. Seed and vegetative material guidebook. Forest Practices Code of B.C., Victoria, British Columbia.

British Columbia Ministry of Forests. 2000. A Short-term Strategy for Coarse Woody Debris Management in British Columbia’s Forests. B.C. Ministry of Forests, Victoria, British Columbia.

British Columbia Ministry of Forests. 2001. Visual impact assessment guidebook. Forest Practices Code of B.C., Victoria, British Columbia.

British Columbia Ministry of Forests. 1995. Riparian management area guidebook. Forest Practices Code of B.C., Victoria, British Columbia.

British Columbia Ministry of Forests. 1999. Managing Identified Wildlife: Procedures and Measures Volume 1. Forest Practices Code of B.C., Victoria, British Columbia. Downloadable at: http://www.for.gov.bc.ca/tasb/legsregs/fpc/fpcguide/other/wild/index.htm

Canadian Council of Forest Ministers. 1996. Criteria and Indicators of Sustainable Forest Management in Canada – Technical Report 1997.

Canadian Forest Products Ltd. 2001. Management Plan 3: Tree Farm License 48, Chetwynd Operations. Chetwynd, British Columbia.

Canadian Forest Products Ltd. 2002. Sustainable Forest Management Plan: Tree Farm License 30, Prince George Operations. Prince George, British Columbia.

Canadian Forest Products Ltd. 2002. Sustainable Forest Management Plan: Tree Farm License 037, Coastal Operations – Englewood DFA. Woss, British Columbia.

Cariboo Mid-Coast Interagency Management Committee. 1996. Cariboo-Chilcotin Land-Use Plan - Short Term Assessment of Tourism Targets. British Columbia. Downloadable at: http://srmwww.gov.bc.ca/car/planning/cclup/sho_ass.html

CCLUP Caribou Strategy Committee. 2002. Northern Caribou Strategy. British Columbia. Downloadable at: http://srmwww.gov.bc.ca/car/planning/cclup/cari_strategy/reports/cari_2002_rpt/cari_main.html

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Forest tenure holders in the Kamloops Timber Supply Area. 2001. Sustainable Forest Management Plan for the Kamloops Timber Supply Area. Kamloops, British Columbia. Downloadable at http://www.lrmp.gov.bc.ca/kamloops/TSAcertification.html

Ministry of Sustainable Resource Management. 1998. Cariboo-Chilcotin Land-Use Plan Integration Report. British Columbia. Downloadable at: http://srmwww.gov.bc.ca/car/planning/cclup/integration_rpt/toc.htm

Ministry of Sustainable Resource Management. 1995. Cariboo-Chilcotin Land-Use Plan, 90- Day Implementation Process - Final Report. British Columbia. Downloadable at: http://srmwww.gov.bc.ca/car/planning/cclup/90dayrep.html

Ministry of Water, Land, and Air Protection. 2001. Conservation Measures and Timing Window for the Conservation of Fish, Fish Habitat and Water Quality During In stream Works in the Chilcotin Forest District. British Columbia.

Mule Deer Winter Range Strategy Committee. 1996. Regional Mule Deer Winter Range Strategy. Downloadable at: http://srmwww.gov.bc.ca/car/planning/cclup/mdwr/index.html

Riverside Forest Products Ltd. www.riverside.bc.ca.

Tsi Del Del Enterprises Ltd.. 2002. Final Forest Development Plan (For the Period of January 2002 to December 2007).

Tsi Del Del Enterprises Ltd.. 2002. License Proposal for NRFL A60508, 2000 Working Paper: Developing a Sustainable Forest Management Plan.

Western Forest Products Limited. 2001. Management Plan 9, Sustainable Forest Management Plan: Tree Farm License 6, Quatsino Sound – North Vancouver Island. Quatsino Sound, British Columbia. Downloadable at: http://www.westernforest.com/fstew/fplanning.html

Williams Lake Timber Supply Area. 2002. Timber Supply Analysis.

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APPENDICES

Appendix 1: Biogeoclimatic Zone Map for the Tatla Planning Area

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Appendix 2: Natural Disturbance Type Map for the Tatla Planning Area

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Appendix 3: Tatla Planning Polygon Map

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Appendix 4: Listing of the TPA Polygons, with Harvest/No Harvest prescriptions for “Base Case 12”,

Base Case #12 March 7, 2003

BASE POLY# LOCATION HARVEST TYPE NO HARVEST % GROSS AREA PRODUCTIVE (HA) FOREST (HA)

1A Satah Mtn No Harvest 100 371 371

1B Caribou Modified Rotation age to 144** 45 33,457 32,075

2 Redbrush No Harvest 100 3,400 1,918

3 Chilanko Conventional 5% 5 135,106 122,393

4 Puntzi Creek Modified 50% 50 8,948 7,130

5 Chantslar Lake No Harvest 100 5,112 3,693

6 Tatla Lake Modified 10% 10 4,601 4,482

7A Backcountry No Harvest 100 263,849 34,463

7-1 Martin Lake No Harvest 100 882 253

7-2 Martin Lake Modified 25% 25 2,433 2,161

7-3 Eagle Lake No Harvest 100 2,505 1,122

7-4 Cochin Lake Modified 25% 25 1,168 388

7-5 Lincoln Pass No Harvest 100 8,163 4,975

7-8 Sapeye Lake No Harvest 100 4,810 3,139

7-9 Patterson Lake No Harvest 100 469 173

7-10 Sapeye Lake Modified 22% 22 1,857 1,763

7-11 Tatla Modified 15% 15 1,075 1,003

7-12 Lingfield-Cheshi Modified 35% 35 26,784 16,711

7-13 Chilko River No Harvest 100 5,831 4,785

7-14 Rosse Lake Modified 10% 10 3,025 2,498

8 Bidwell Conventional 5% 5 58,640 56,554

9 Sapeye Ridge Modified (PR) 20% 20 3,901 3,661

11 Eagle Lake Modified 10% 10 21,506 20,769

13 Horn Lake Mod 22% (MDWR) 22 2,701 2,578

15A Tatla Hill Conventional 5% 5 5,312 5,017

15B Quakie Creek Modified 10% 10 10,785 9,762

15C Upper Quakie Modified 10% 10 14,175 3,704

16 Skinner Creek Modified 10% 10 6,612 5,550

18 Twist Lake Modified 15% 15 3,750 2,968

19 Middle Lake Mod 22% (MDWR) 22 8,881 6,558

20 Razor Creek Modified 15% 15 3,838 3,775

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BASE POLY# LOCATION HARVEST TYPE NO HARVEST % GROSS AREA PRODUCTIVE (HA) FOREST (HA)

21 Tatlayoko Lake Mod 21% (90% 21 5,486 5,276 MDWR)

22 Hwy 20 Corridor Conventional 10% 10 5,200 3,898

23 Road Corridor Conventional 20% 20 5,922 5,215

24 Tatlayoko Modified 80% 80 4,866 2,966

25 Tatlayoko Lake No Harvest 100 5,924 1,836

26 Crazy Creek No Harvest 100 2,602 2,260

27 Tatla Lake No Harvest 100 4,342 1244

Total: 688,290 389,087

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Appendix 5: Sustainable Forest Management Plan Area showing Cariboo-Chilcotin Land- Use Plan Zones

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Appendix 6: Draft Landscape Units from Biodiversity Conservation Strategy (July 1996)

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Appendix 7: Designated Trapline Areas within the Tatla Planning Area

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Appendix 8: Guide Territories within the Tatla Planning Area

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Appendix 9: List of Contractors used by Tsi Del Del The main focus of Tsi Del Del is to directly employ local people with full-time well paying jobs. In addition to this it is necessary, and desirable, to have local and sometimes non- local contractors work as well. Many of these people have invested in capital and find Tsi Del Del an excellent way to pay for their investment and earn a decent wage all while staying in their local communities.

Currently, Tsi Del Del uses the following Contractors on a regular basis:

Phase Company Address # of employees

Roads HUR Ranch Chilanko Forks 3

Roads Blake Chipman Contracting Chilanko Forks 1

Harvesting Doug Larson Contracting Chilanko Forks 2

Forestry Cariboo Heritage Consulting Lac La Hache 1 (Part-time)

Forestry Coastfor Williams Lake 1 (Part-time)

Silviculture Alexis Creek Indian Band Chilanko Forks 8 (Part-time)

Silviculture Gordon Char Contracting Chilanko Forks 4 (Part-time)

Trucking Herman Billy Chilanko Forks 1

Trucking Ed Kohnke Williams Lake 1

Trucking Eldorado Williams Lake 1

Trucking ACIB Chilanko Forks 1

Trucking Gerald James Chilanko Forks 1

Trucking Fischer Bros. Williams Lake 1

Trucking Mario Vesona Williams Lake 1

Trucking John MacDonald Williams Lake 1

Low bedding Tyson Kraus Low bedding Chilanko Forks 1

Total 30

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Also, Tsi Del Del has used the following Contractors on an intermittent basis as needed throughout the entire year.

Phase Company Address

Roads Les Rolston Contracting Tatlayoko

Roads Peter Ellis Contracting Tatla Lake

Lowbedding Eldorado Williams Lake

Low bedding Clusko Logging Williams Lake

Harvesting Clusko Logging Williams Lake

Forestry DWB Forestry Lac La Hache

Forestry Chiltech Forestry Alexis Creek

Silviculture SilvaRam Planting Prince George

Silviculture Diversified Williams Lake

Silviculture Allan Elkins Anaham Reserve

Trucking Eldorado Williams Lake

Trucking NorAm Williams Lake

Discussions have been initiated with members of the Tatla and Tatlayoko Lakes’ communities regarding local involvement. Tsi Del Del is committed to continuing discussions with these communities to attempt to provide further economic benefit from FL A60508.

From FL A60508 License Proposal, 2000.

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Appendix 10: Homathko River - Tatlayoko Protected Area The following is cited from MWLAP website: http://wlapwww.gov.bc.ca/bcparks/explore/parkpgs/homathko/nat_cul.htm#conservation

Park Information:

Homathko River – Tatlayoko Protected Area comprises 17,575 hectares of diverse landscape, incorporating low elevation coastal rainforests and wetlands. Unique features of the surrounding area include the spectacular Waddington Canyon on the Homathko River, extensive icefields, and the aquamarine Tatlayoko Lake, with its impressive mountain backdrop. The Protected Area also incorporates valuable wildlife habitat, including the Mosley Creek wetlands and valley migration corridors through the Coast Range.

Homathko River-Tatlayoko Protected Area was designated through the Cariboo- Chilcotin Land-Use Plan. The spectacular mountain scenery of the area offers remote recreational opportunities for the experienced backcountry user, ranging from hiking, kayaking, and mountaineering to photography and wildlife viewing.

The Homathko River-Tatlayoko Protected Area is a spectacular wilderness area, but is remote and access is difficult. There are no trails or roads within the Protected Area. Tatlayoko Lake is accessible by boat, and there is a road and a forestry recreation site along the eastern shore of the lake. There are boating opportunities on Tatlayoko Lake, and consistent afternoon thermal winds also create good windsurfing conditions. The Homathko River is considered too dangerous for canoeists, kayakers, or rafters.

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History

First Nations: The Protected Area lies within the traditional territories of the Tsilhqot’in (Chilcotin) peoples of the Chilcotin Plateau, and the Homalco peoples of the Homathko River. The Chilcotin peoples were traditionally semi-nomadic hunters and gatherers, and traveled seasonally according to food availability. The Homalco peoples occupied the Homathko River Valley below Waddington’s Canyon. There is no evidence of trade between these groups. Traditional aboriginal routes between the coast and the interior along the Mosley and Homathko Valleys were used by both the Tsilhqot’in and the Homalco peoples.

Settlement: The first non-native recorded history of the area occurred in the mid 1800s when Alfred Waddington and his crews began to look for a route that would link BC's coast with the Cariboo Goldfields. Construction on the trail from Bute Inlet to the Fraser through Waddington Canyon began in 1862. The first year of construction saw over 50 km of road built, including many bridges. However, by 1863, snow and spring runoff had washed away most of the bridges. Remains of the Waddington Road can still be found on the lower stretches of the Homathko River.

In 1864, several of Waddington's men were killed by some Tsilhqot'in men. The site of this skirmish between Waddington's men and the First Nations is within the Protected Area, and is sometimes still known as Murderer's Bar.

Conservation

Homathko River-Tatlayoko Protected Area is one of the only protected areas in BC that spans the transition from the wet, mild coastal climate to the dry, harsh climate of the Chilcotin Plateau. This variability in climate results in a wealth of different landscapes. Valley bottom areas include extensive wetlands, and ancient hemlock, red-cedar and Douglas-fir forests. Low elevation lakes in the area include the 23 km long Tatlayoko Lake, with its aquamarine waters and high mountain backdrop carved by glaciers.

The Homathko River-Tatlayoko Protected Area protects an important low elevation wildlife corridor through the Coast Range, and is therefore critical in sustaining wildlife populations in the surrounding area. The wetlands along Mosley Creek provide valuable moose habitat and migration corridors for other species, such as grizzly bear. A number of the area’s creeks and rivers support indigenous fish populations, while scattered wetlands provide important staging areas for waterfowl and other birds.

Wildlife

Wildlife habitat in the Protected Area is remarkably diverse, incorporating moist hemlock forests, dry Douglas-fir forests and extensive wetlands. Old growth forests provide abundant forage and protection from deep snow for mule deer, mountain goat, and moose during winter. Mule deer migrate to alpine areas in summer, and moose can be found in open aspen forests near ponds and wetlands. Alpine valleys in the area support mountain goats, and herds of 20 or more are occasionally seen. Grizzly bears are typically found along the main watercourses, and also use the alpine meadows extensively in summer. The Homathko and Mosley Valleys are important grizzly migration corridors through the Coast Range. These areas are also used by grizzlies moving between salmon runs on the Homathko and Chilko Rivers.

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Creeks, rivers, and wetlands also support fish, bird, and amphibian species. Wild, indigenous bull trout are found in Mosley Creek, Dumbell Lake and the Homathko River. Dolly Varden and rainbow trout are also abundant. A large variety of waterfowl, raptors, and songbirds are also found in and surrounding the Protected Area, including the bald eagle, red-tailed hawk, osprey, Canada goose, great blue heron, woodpecker, and flycatcher. There are also trumpeter swan staging areas in the Homathko Valley.

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Appendix 11: Calculation of “Old Forest” requirements for each draft landscape unit by Biogeoclimatic Zone and SFMP polygon.

Landscape Unit BEC OGMA ha OGMA Ha Zone Spatially N/H Comments zone Required # Mapped Over- Lap Bidwell-Lava ESSFxv 185 7 185 7-12 Yes Yes Upper Lingfield Creek IDFdk4 402 No Yes Assumed 20% fir group 1634 NH ha in 7-5, 990 NH ha in 7-13 IDFdw 65 No Yes 363 NH ha in 7-13 MSxv 1063 1 50 7-12 Yes Yes Assumed to overlap with a portion of 2 903 7-12 Yes Yes the 35% NH for polygon 7-12 3 110 7-12 Yes Yes SBPSxc 1508 No Yes 3135 NH ha in 7-13 742 NH ha in 7-5

Cheshi-Stikelan ESSFxv 150 No Yes 1550 NH ha in 7A MSdc 410 4 92 7-12 Yes Yes Assumed to overlap with a portion of 5 70 7-12 Yes Yes the 35% NH for polygon 7-12 6 248 7-12 Yes Yes IDFdw 1117 No Yes 1781 NH ha in polygon 25

Chilanko/Puntzi MSxv 141/861 8 705 1-B Yes 50% Overlap with Caribou Modified, combined 1002 9 297 1-B Yes 50% therefore, 50% EEA (NOT O/L: 501 ha) Chilanko/Puntzi SBPSxc 849/467 No Yes 3686 NH ha in polygon 5 combined 1316

Crazy Creek ESSFxv 120 No Yes 2602 NH ha in polygon 7A IDFdw 376 No Yes 584 NH ha in polygon 7A MSdc2 102 No Yes 153 NH ha in polygon 7A

Middle Lake ESSFxv 140 3033 NH ha in polygon 7A MSdc2 598 10 598 19 Yes 22% Overlaps 22% polygon 19 (NOT O/L: 466 ha) IDFdw 316 732 NH ha in polygon 7A

Nostetuko ESSFvx 156 No Yes 3824 NH ha in polygon 7A IDFdw 408 No Yes 2384 NH ha in polygon 7A

Palmer-Jorgensen/ ESSFxv 16/6 No Yes All “OGMA” ha to Caribou No Punky Moore 19 Harvest in Punky Moore Combined Palmer-Jorgensen/ MSxv 3335/43 No Yes All “OGMA” ha to Caribou No Punky Moore 3378 Harvest in Punky Moore Combined Palmer-Jorgensen/ SBPSxc 1101/6 No Yes 1919 NH ha in polygon 2 Punky Moore 1107 Combined Pyper (Fraction) IDFdk4 86 No Yes 275 NH ha in polygon 7-13 SBPSxc 113 18 113 8 Yes No No over lap 113 ha

Tatla-Little Eagle IDFdk4 234 388 NH ha in polygon 7-8 MSxv 361 11 361 11 Yes No No overlap: 361 ha ESSFxv 6 No N/A Too small to map (WTP) SBPSxc 1018 3298 NH ha in Polygons 7-1, 7-3, 7-8 and 7-9

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Landscape Unit BEC OGMA ha OGMA Ha Zone Spatially N/H Comments zone Required # Mapped Over- Lap Upper Tatlayoko ESSFx 218 26 No Yes 1733 NH ha in polygon 26 v MSxv 1071 14 220 26 Yes Yes 220 NH ha in polygon 26 15 267 7-5 Yes 267 NH ha in polygon 7-5 16 216 24 Yes 216 ha in 80% polygon. Assumed all 17 368 11 Yes O/L No overlap: 368 ha MSdc 50 No Yes 26 NH ha in polygon 26 44 NH ha in polygon 7-5 SBPSx 156 No Yes 321 NH ha in polygon 7-5 c IDFdk4 853 487 7-5 No Yes 487 NH ha in polygon 7-5 Assumed 12 314 24 Yes Yes Overlap 80% polygon assumed all 50% fir 13 52 16 Yes No O/L group No over lap: 52 ha IDFdw 548 No Yes 999 NH ha in polygon 7-5 Assumed 50% fir group

Westbranch ESSFx 368 No Yes 2137 NH ha in polygon 7A v IDFdk4 829 No Yes 1414 NH ha in 7-8 IDFdw 830 669 7-8 No Yes 669 NH ha in polygon 7-8 66 7A No Yes 66 NH ha in polygon 7A 19 95 7-10 Yes No 95 ha in 22% overlap: (No overlap 74 ha) MSdc2 441 No Yes 953 NH ha in polygon 7A MSxv 437 214 7A No Yes 214 NH ha in polygon 7A 20 223 7-10 Yes No 223 ha in 22% overlap No overlap: 174 ha SBPSxc 23 No Yes 148 NH ha in polygon 7-8

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Appendix 12: Summary Table of OGMA’s and No Harvest areas for the Tatla SFMP

February 24/2003: Base Case 12 Base Polygon Type LSC NAME BGC ZONE AREA Emphasis %old # of Riparian Old req’d Poly req'd old Ha as old additional req'd to Rip 7-12 Modified 35% Bidwell/Lava ATp 227 Interm 0 ATp Total 227 0 0 0 11 Modified 10% Bidwell/Lava ESSFxv1 99 Interm 0.09 9 4 4 7-12 Modified 35% Bidwell/Lava ESSFxv1 3,283 Interm 0.09 295 148 148 7-5 No Harvest Bidwell/Lava ESSFxv1 23 Interm 0.09 2 1 1 8 Conventional 5% Bidwell/Lava ESSFxv1 715 Interm 0.09 64 32 32 ESSFxv1 4,120 371 185 185 Total 16 Modified 10% Bidwell/Lava IDFdk4 1,043 Interm 0.13 136 52 83 23 No Harvest 20% Bidwell/Lava IDFdk4 6 Interm 0.13 1 0 0 7-12 Modified 35% Bidwell/Lava IDFdk4 1 Interm 0.13 0 0 0 7-13 No Harvest Bidwell/Lava IDFdk4 990 Interm 0.13 129 49 79 7-14 Modified 10% Bidwell/Lava IDFdk4 866 Interm 0.13 113 43 69 7-5 No Harvest Bidwell/Lava IDFdk4 1,634 Interm 0.13 212 82 131 8 Conventional 5% Bidwell/Lava IDFdk4 492 Interm 0.13 64 25 39 IDFdk4 Total 5,031 654 252 402 7-12 Modified 35% Bidwell/Lava IDFdw 443 Interm 0.13 58 22 35 7-13 No Harvest Bidwell/Lava IDFdw 363 Interm 0.13 47 18 29 IDFdw Total 807 105 40 65 11 Modified 10% Bidwell/Lava MSxv 997 Interm 0.14 140 50 90 16 Modified 10% Bidwell/Lava MSxv 28 Interm 0.14 4 1 3 7-12 Modified 35% Bidwell/Lava MSxv 4,501 Interm 0.14 630 225 405 7-14 Modified 10% Bidwell/Lava MSxv 150 Interm 0.14 21 7 13 7-5 No Harvest Bidwell/Lava MSxv 73 Interm 0.14 10 4 7 8 Conventional 5% Bidwell/Lava MSxv 6,061 Interm 0.14 848 303 545 MSxv Total 11,810 1653 590 1063 11 Modified 10% Bidwell/Lava SBPSxc 1,336 Interm 0.07 94 47 47 16 Modified 10% Bidwell/Lava SBPSxc 345 Interm 0.07 24 12 12 23 No Harvest 20% Bidwell/Lava SBPSxc 504 Interm 0.07 35 18 18 7-12 Modified 35% Bidwell/Lava SBPSxc 2,235 Interm 0.07 156 78 78 7-13 No Harvest Bidwell/Lava SBPSxc 3,135 Interm 0.07 219 110 110 7-14 Modified 10% Bidwell/Lava SBPSxc 1,482 Interm 0.07 104 52 52 7-5 No Harvest Bidwell/Lava SBPSxc 742 Interm 0.07 52 26 26 8 Conventional 5% Bidwell/Lava SBPSxc 33,299 Interm 0.07 2331 1165 1165 SBPSxc 43,078 3015 1508 1508 Total 7-13 No Harvest Brittany IDFdk4 3 Lower 0.21 1 0 0 IDFdk4 Total 3 1 0 0 7-12 Modified 35% Brittany IDFdw 44 Lower 0.21 9 2 7 IDFdw Total 44 9 2 7 7-13 No Harvest Brittany SBPSxc 19 Lower 0.07 1 1 0 SBPSxc 19 1 1 0 Total 7-12 Modified 35% Cheshi ATp 16 Lower 0 0 0 Stikelan 7A No Harvest Cheshi ATp 75 Lower 0 0 0 Stikelan ATp Total 91 0 0 0

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Base Polygon Type LSC NAME BGC ZONE AREA Emphasis %old # of Riparian Old req’d Poly req'd old Ha as old additional req'd to Rip

21 Modified 25% Cheshi ESSFxv1 50 Lower 0.09 5 3 2 Stikelan 7-12 Modified 35% Cheshi ESSFxv1 2,158 Lower 0.09 194 108 86 Stikelan 7A No Harvest Cheshi ESSFxv1 1,550 Lower 0.09 140 78 62 Stikelan ESSFxv1 Total 3,758 338 188 150 21 Modified 25% Cheshi IDFdw 3,868 Lower 0.21 812 193 619 Stikelan 24 Modified 80% Cheshi IDFdw 1 Lower 0.21 0 0 0 Stikelan 25 No Harvest Cheshi IDFdw 1,781 Lower 0.21 374 89 285 Stikelan 7-12 Modified 35% Cheshi IDFdw 418 Lower 0.21 88 21 67 Stikelan 7-5 No Harvest Cheshi IDFdw 289 Lower 0.21 61 14 46 Stikelan IDFdw Total 6,356 1335 318 1017 21 Modified 25% Cheshi MSdc2 1,204 Lower 0.14 169 60 108 Stikelan 7-12 Modified 35% Cheshi MSdc2 3,336 Lower 0.14 467 167 300 Stikelan 7-5 No Harvest Cheshi MSdc2 19 Lower 0.14 3 1 2 Stikelan MSdc2 Total 4,559 638 228 410 3 Conventional 5% Chilanko MSxv 1,562 Lower 0.14 219 78 141 MSxv Total 1,562 219 78 141 3 Conventional 5% Chilanko SBPSxc 42,107 Lower 0.07 2947 2105 842 3 Conventional 5% Clearwater SBPSxc 325 Lower 0.07 23 16 6 SBPSxc Total 42,431 2970 2122 849 3 Conventional 5% Clusko MSxv 20 Interm 0.14 3 1 2 MSxv Total 20 3 1 2 3 Conventional 5% Clusko SBPSxc 51 Interm 0.07 4 2 2 SBPSxc Total 51 4 2 2 7A No Harvest Crazy Creek ATp 109 Lower 0 0 0 ATp Total 109 0 0 0 7A No Harvest Crazy Creek CWHds1 324 Lower 0 0 0 CWHds1 Total 324 0 0 0 18 Modified 15% Crazy Creek ESSFxv1 391 Lower 0.09 35 20 16 19 Modified 33% Crazy Creek ESSFxv1 19 Lower 0.09 2 1 1 7A No Harvest Crazy Creek ESSFxv1 2,602 Lower 0.09 234 130 104 ESSFxv1 Total 3,012 271 151 120 18 Modified 15% Crazy Creek IDFdw 1,441 Lower 0.21 303 72 231 19 Modified 33% Crazy Creek IDFdw 327 Lower 0.21 69 16 52 7A No Harvest Crazy Creek IDFdw 584 Lower 0.21 123 29 93 IDFdw Total 2,352 494 118 376 18 Modified 15% Crazy Creek MSdc2 793 Lower 0.14 111 40 71 19 Modified 33% Crazy Creek MSdc2 189 Lower 0.14 26 9 17 7A No Harvest Crazy Creek MSdc2 153 Lower 0.14 21 8 14 MSdc2 Total 1,134 159 57 102 7A No Harvest Doran Creek ATp 272 Interm 0 0 0 ATp Total 272 0 0 0

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Base Polygon Type LSC NAME BGC ZONE AREA Emphasis %old # of Riparian Old req’d Poly req'd old Ha as old additional req'd to Rip 7A No Harvest Doran Creek CWHds1 1,290 Interm 0 0 0 CWHds1 1,290 0 0 0 Total 7A No Harvest Doran Creek ESSFxv1 432 Interm 0.09 39 19 19 ESSFxv1 432 39 19 19 Total 7A No Harvest Doran Creek IDFdw 201 Interm 0.21 42 10 32 IDFdw Total 201 42 10 32 7A No Harvest Doran Creek MHmm2 1,977 Interm 0 0 0 MHmm2 Total 1,977 0 0 0 7A No Harvest Hickson ATp 2 Lower 0 0 0 ATp Total 2 0 0 0 7A No Harvest Hickson CWHds1 459 Lower 0 0 0 CWHds1 459 0 0 0 Total 7A No Harvest Hickson ESSFxv1 177 Lower 0.09 16 9 7 ESSFxv1 177 16 9 7 Total 7A No Harvest Hickson MHmm2 27 Lower 0 0 0 MHmm2 Total 27 0 0 0 1B Modified 50% Holtry ESSFxv1 2 Interm 0.09 0 0 0 ESSFxv1 2 0 0 0 Total 1B Modified 50% Holtry MSxv 17 Interm 0.14 2 1 2 3 Conventional 5% Holtry MSxv 1 Interm 0.14 0 0 0 MSxv Total 19 3 1 2 7A No Harvest Klinaklini ATp 4 Interm 0 0 0 9 Modified 15% Klinaklini ATp 4 Interm 0 0 0 ATp Total 8 0 0 0 9 Modified 15% Klinaklini ESSFxv1 3 Interm 0.09 0 0 0 ESSFxv1 3 0 0 0 Total 22 No Harvest 10% Klinaklini IDFdk4 0 Interm 0.21 0 0 0 9 Modified 15% Klinaklini IDFdk4 5 Interm 0.21 1 0 1 IDFdk4 Total 6 1 0 1 9 Modified 15% Klinaklini MSxv 27 Interm 0.14 4 1 2 MSxv Total 27 4 1 2 3 Conventional 5% McLinchy SBPSxc 3 Interm 0.07 0 0 0 SBPSxc Total 3 0 0 0 7A No Harvest Middle Lake ATp 574 Lower 0 0 0 ATp Total 574 0 0 0 18 Modified 15% Middle Lake ESSFxv1 207 Lower 0.09 19 10 8 19 Modified 33% Middle Lake ESSFxv1 63 Lower 0.09 6 3 3 20 Modified 15% Middle Lake ESSFxv1 188 Lower 0.09 17 9 8 7A No Harvest Middle Lake ESSFxv1 3,033 Lower 0.09 273 152 121 ESSFxv1 3,490 314 175 140 Total 18 Modified 15% Middle Lake IDFdw 23 Lower 0.13 3 1 2 19 Modified 33% Middle Lake IDFdw 3,194 Lower 0.21 671 160 511 20 Modified 15% Middle Lake IDFdw 1,058 Lower 0.13 138 53 85 7A No Harvest Middle Lake IDFdw 7 Lower 0.13 1 0 1 IDFdw Total 4,283 812 214 598

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Base Polygon Type LSC NAME BGC ZONE AREA Emphasis %old # of Riparian Old req’d Poly req'd old Ha as old additional req'd to Rip 18 Modified 15% Middle Lake MSdc2 113 Lower 0.14 16 6 10 19 Modified 33% Middle Lake MSdc2 1,344 Lower 0.14 188 67 121 20 Modified 15% Middle Lake MSdc2 1,322 Lower 0.14 185 66 119 7A No Harvest Middle Lake MSdc2 732 Lower 0.14 102 37 66 MSdc2 Total 3,511 492 176 316 1B Modified 50% Nimpo MSxv 5 Lower 0.14 1 0 0 3 Conventional 5% Nimpo MSxv 4 Lower 0.14 0 0 0 MSxv Total 9 1 0 1 3 Conventional 5% Nimpo SBPSxc 13 Lower 0.07 1 1 0 SBPSxc Total 13 1 1 0 7-12 Modified 35% Nostetuko ATp 14 Lower 0 0 0 7A No Harvest Nostetuko ATp 248 Lower 0 0 0 ATp Total 261 0 0 0 21 Modified 25% Nostetuko ESSFxv1 43 Lower 0.09 4 2 2 7-12 Modified 35% Nostetuko ESSFxv1 23 Lower 0.09 2 1 1 7A No Harvest Nostetuko ESSFxv1 3,824 Lower 0.09 344 191 153 ESSFxv1 Total 3,890 350 194 156 21 Modified 25% Nostetuko IDFdw 111 Lower 0.21 23 6 18 25 No Harvest Nostetuko IDFdw 55 Lower 0.21 12 3 9 7A No Harvest Nostetuko IDFdw 2,384 Lower 0.21 501 119 381 IDFdw Total 2,550 536 128 408 7A No Harvest Nude Creek ATp 203 Lower 0 0 0 ATp Total 203 0 0 0 7A No Harvest Nude Creek CWHds1 11 Lower 0 0 0 CWHds1 Total 11 0 0 0 7A No Harvest Nude Creek ESSFxv1 1,340 Lower 0.09 121 67 54 ESSFxv1 Total 1,340 121 67 54 7A No Harvest Nude Creek IDFdw 578 Lower 0.21 121 29 92 IDFdw Total 578 121 29 92 7A No Harvest Nude Creek MHmm2 41 Lower 0 0 0 MHmm2 Total 41 0 0 0 7A No Harvest Ottarasko ATp 845 Lower 0 0 0 ATp Total 845 0 0 0 15C Modified 10% Ottarasko ESSFxv1 2 Lower 0.09 0 0 0 7A No Harvest Ottarasko ESSFxv1 3,898 Lower 0.09 351 195 156 ESSFxv1 Total 3,900 351 195 156 24 Modified 80% Ottarasko IDFdw 60 Lower 0.21 13 3 10 25 No Harvest Ottarasko IDFdw 0 Lower 0.21 0 0 0 7A No Harvest Ottarasko IDFdw 456 Lower 0.21 96 23 73 IDFdw Total 517 108 26 83 15C Modified 10% Ottarasko MSdc2 19 Lower 0.14 3 1 2 24 Modified 80% Ottarasko MSdc2 5 Lower 0.14 1 0 0 7A No Harvest Ottarasko MSdc2 492 Lower 0.14 69 25 44 MSdc2 Total 516 72 26 46 1B Modified 50% Palmer/Jorge ESSFxv1 361 Interm 0.09 32 16 16 nson ESSFxv1 Total 361 32 16 16

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Base Polygon Type LSC NAME BGC AREA Emphasis %old # of Riparian Old req’d Poly ZONE req'd old Ha as old additional req'd to Rip 1A No Harvest Palmer/Jorge MSxv 5 Interm 0.14 1 0 0 nson 1B Modified 50% Palmer/Jorge MSxv 26,950 Interm 0.14 3773 1347 2425 nson 3 Conventional 5% Palmer/Jorge MSxv 10,098 Interm 0.14 1414 505 909 nson MSxv Total 37,053 5187 1853 3335 1B Modified 50% Palmer/Jorge SBPSxc 316 Interm 0.07 22 11 11 nson 2 No Harvest Palmer/Jorge SBPSxc 1,919 Interm 0.07 134 67 67 nson 3 Conventional 5% Palmer/Jorge SBPSxc 27,840 Interm 0.07 1949 974 974 nson 4 Modified 50% Palmer/Jorge SBPSxc 1,386 Interm 0.07 97 49 49 nson SBPSxc 31,461 2202 1101 1101 Total 1B Modified 50% Punky Moore ESSFxv1 69 Interm 0.09 6 3 3 ESSFxv1 69 6 3 3 Total 1A No Harvest Punky Moore MSxv 366 Interm 0.14 51 18 33 1B Modified 50% Punky Moore MSxv 264 Interm 0.14 37 13 24 MSxv Total 630 88 32 57 1B Modified 50% Punky Moore SBPSxc 5 Interm 0.07 0 0 0 3 Conventional 5% Punky Moore SBPSxc 152 Interm 0.07 11 5 5 SBPSxc 157 11 6 6 Total 1B Modified 50% Puntzi MSxv 4,085 Lower 0.14 572 204 368 3 Conventional 5% Puntzi MSxv 5,480 Lower 0.14 767 274 493 5 No Harvest Puntzi MSxv 7 Lower 0.14 1 0 1 MSxv Total 9,572 1340 479 861 3 Conventional 5% Puntzi SBPSxc 13,938 Lower 0.07 976 697 279 4 Modified 50% Puntzi SBPSxc 5,743 Lower 0.07 402 287 115 5 No Harvest Puntzi SBPSxc 3,686 Lower 0.07 258 184 74 SBPSxc 23,367 1636 1168 467 Total 7-13 No Harvest Pyper IDFdk4 275 Lower 0.21 58 14 44 8 Conventional 5% Pyper IDFdk4 706 Lower 0.11 78 35 42 IDFdk4 981 135 49 86 Total 8 Conventional 5% Pyper SBPSxc 5,651 Lower 0.07 396 283 113 SBPSxc 5,651 396 283 113 Total 11 Modified 10% Tatla/Little ESSFxv1 134 Lower 0.09 12 7 5 Eagle 8 Conventional 5% Tatla/Little ESSFxv1 6 Lower 0.09 1 0 0 Eagle ESSFxv1 141 13 7 6 Total

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Base Polygon Type LSC NAME BGC ZONE AREA Emphasis %old # of Riparian Old req’d Poly req'd old Ha as old additional req'd to Rip 13 Modified 33% Tatla/Little IDFdk4 44 Lower 0.11 5 2 3 Eagle 15A Conventional 5% Tatla/Little IDFdk4 489 Lower 0.11 54 24 29 Eagle 15B Modified 10% Tatla/Little IDFdk4 1,096 Lower 0.11 121 55 66 Eagle 22 No Harvest 10% Tatla/Little IDFdk4 312 Lower 0.11 34 16 19 Eagle 23 No Harvest 20% Tatla/Little IDFdk4 32 Lower 0.11 3 2 2 Eagle 7-10 Modified 33% Tatla/Little IDFdk4 119 Lower 0.11 13 6 7 Eagle 7-8 No Harvest Tatla/Little IDFdk4 388 Lower 0.11 43 19 23 Eagle 7-9 No Harvest Tatla/Little IDFdk4 9 Lower 0.11 1 0 1 Eagle 8 Conventional 5% Tatla/Little IDFdk4 621 Lower 0.11 68 31 37 Eagle 9 Modified 15% Tatla/Little IDFdk4 783 Lower 0.11 86 39 47 Eagle IDFdk4 Total 3,893 428 195 234 11 Modified 10% Tatla/Little MSxv 2,521 Lower 0.14 353 126 227 Eagle 15B Modified 10% Tatla/Little MSxv 553 Lower 0.14 77 28 50 Eagle 3 Conventional 5% Tatla/Little MSxv 437 Lower 0.14 61 22 39 Eagle 8 Conventional 5% Tatla/Little MSxv 502 Lower 0.14 70 25 45 Eagle MSxv Total 4,012 562 201 361 11 Modified 10% Tatla/Little SBPSxc 2,875 Lower 0.07 201 144 58 Eagle 13 Modified 33% Tatla/Little SBPSxc 19 Lower 0.07 1 1 0 Eagle 15A Conventional 5% Tatla/Little SBPSxc 2,911 Lower 0.07 204 146 58 Eagle 15B Modified 10% Tatla/Little SBPSxc 450 Lower 0.07 31 22 9 Eagle 22 No Harvest 10% Tatla/Little SBPSxc 3,586 Lower 0.07 251 179 72 Eagle 23 No Harvest 20% Tatla/Little SBPSxc 1,659 Lower 0.07 116 83 33 Eagle 27 No Harvest Tatla/Little SBPSxc 1,244 Lower 0.07 87 62 25 Eagle 3 Conventional 5% Tatla/Little SBPSxc 20,364 Lower 0.07 1425 1018 407 Eagle 6 Modified 10% Tatla/Little SBPSxc 4,482 Lower 0.07 314 224 90 Eagle 7-1 No Harvest Tatla/Little SBPSxc 253 Lower 0.07 18 13 5 Eagle 7-11 Modified 15% Tatla/Little SBPSxc 900 Lower 0.07 63 45 18 Eagle 7-2 Modified 25% Tatla/Little SBPSxc 2,161 Lower 0.07 151 108 43 Eagle 7-3 No Harvest Tatla/Little SBPSxc 1,122 Lower 0.07 79 56 22 Eagle 7-8 No Harvest Tatla/Little SBPSxc 516 Lower 0.07 36 26 10 Eagle

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Base Polygon Type LSC NAME BGC ZONE AREA Emphasis %old # of Riparian Old req’d Poly req'd old Ha as old additional req'd to Rip 7-9 No Harvest Tatla/Little SBPSxc 163 Lower 0.07 11 8 3 Eagle 8 Conventional 5% Tatla/Little SBPSxc 8,173 Lower 0.07 572 409 163 Eagle SBPSxc Total 50,876 3561 2544 1018 7A No Harvest Tiedemann ATp 41 Lower 0 0 0 ATp Total 41 0 0 0 7A No Harvest Tiedemann CWHds1 1,164 Lower 0 0 0 CWHds1 Total 1,164 0 0 0 7A No Harvest Tiedemann MHmm2 826 Lower 0 0 0 MHmm2 Total 826 0 0 0 15C Modified 10% Upper ATp 47 Interm 0 0 0 Tatlayoko 26 No Harvest Upper ATp 241 Interm 0 0 0 Tatlayoko ATp Total 288 0 0 0 11 Modified 10% Upper ESSFxv1 983 Interm 0.09 88 44 44 Tatlayoko 15B Modified 10% Upper ESSFxv1 603 Interm 0.09 54 27 27 Tatlayoko 15C Modified 10% Upper ESSFxv1 1,382 Interm 0.09 124 62 62 Tatlayoko 24 Modified 80% Upper ESSFxv1 14 Interm 0.09 1 1 1 Tatlayoko 26 No Harvest Upper ESSFxv1 1,733 Interm 0.09 156 78 78 Tatlayoko 7-12 Modified 35% Upper ESSFxv1 9 Interm 0.09 1 0 0 Tatlayoko 7-5 No Harvest Upper ESSFxv1 77 Interm 0.09 7 3 3 Tatlayoko 8 Conventional 5% Upper ESSFxv1 54 Interm 0.09 5 2 2 Tatlayoko ESSFxv1 Total 4,855 437 218 218 11 Modified 10% Upper IDFdk4 1,813 Interm 0.11 199 91 109 Tatlayoko 15A Conventional 5% Upper IDFdk4 1,509 Interm 0.11 166 75 91 Tatlayoko 15B Modified 10% Upper IDFdk4 1,998 Interm 0.11 220 100 120 Tatlayoko 16 Modified 10% Upper IDFdk4 3,465 Interm 0.11 381 173 208 Tatlayoko 23 No Harvest 20% Upper IDFdk4 2,271 Interm 0.11 250 114 136 Tatlayoko 24 Modified 80% Upper IDFdk4 314 Interm 0.21 66 16 50 Tatlayoko 7-4 Modified 25% Upper IDFdk4 388 Interm 0.21 81 19 62 Tatlayoko 7-5 No Harvest Upper IDFdk4 487 Interm 0.21 102 24 78 Tatlayoko IDFdk4 Total 12,244 1466 612 853

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Base Polygon Type LSC NAME BGC ZONE AREA Emphasis %old # of Riparian Old req’d Poly req'd old Ha as old additional req'd to Rip 16 Modified 10% Upper IDFdw 201 Interm 0.11 22 10 12 Tatlayoko 24 Modified 80% Upper IDFdw 2,349 Interm 0.21 493 117 376 Tatlayoko 7-5 No Harvest Upper IDFdw 999 Interm 0.21 210 50 160 Tatlayoko IDFdw Total 3,548 725 177 548 15C Modified 10% Upper MSdc2 31 Interm 0.14 4 2 3 Tatlayoko 24 Modified 80% Upper MSdc2 413 Interm 0.14 58 21 37 Tatlayoko 26 No Harvest Upper MSdc2 66 Interm 0.14 9 3 6 Tatlayoko 7-12 Modified 35% Upper MSdc2 0 Interm 0.14 0 0 0 Tatlayoko 7-5 No Harvest Upper MSdc2 44 Interm 0.14 6 2 4 Tatlayoko MSdc2 Total 554 77 28 50 11 Modified 10% Upper MSxv 6,939 Interm 0.14 972 347 625 Tatlayoko 15B Modified 10% Upper MSxv 3,324 Interm 0.14 465 166 299 Tatlayoko 15C Modified 10% Upper MSxv 553 Interm 0.14 77 28 50 Tatlayoko 16 Modified 10% Upper MSxv 99 Interm 0.14 14 5 9 Tatlayoko 24 Modified 80% Upper MSxv 216 Interm 0.14 30 11 19 Tatlayoko 26 No Harvest Upper MSxv 220 Interm 0.14 31 11 20 Tatlayoko 7-12 Modified 35% Upper MSxv 3 Interm 0.14 0 0 0 Tatlayoko 7-5 No Harvest Upper MSxv 267 Interm 0.14 37 13 24 Tatlayoko 8 Conventional 5% Upper MSxv 274 Interm 0.14 38 14 25 Tatlayoko MSxv Total 11,896 1665 595 1071 11 Modified 10% Upper SBPSxc 3,072 Interm 0.07 215 108 108 Tatlayoko 15A Conventional 5% Upper SBPSxc 107 Interm 0.07 8 4 4 Tatlayoko 16 Modified 10% Upper SBPSxc 369 Interm 0.07 26 13 13 Tatlayoko 23 No Harvest 20% Upper SBPSxc 592 Interm 0.07 41 21 21 Tatlayoko 7-12 Modified 35% Upper SBPSxc 1 Interm 0.07 0 0 0 Tatlayoko 7-4 Modified 25% Upper SBPSxc 0 Interm 0.07 0 0 0 Tatlayoko 7-5 No Harvest Upper SBPSxc 321 Interm 0.07 22 11 11 Tatlayoko SBPSxc Total 4,462 312 156 156 15C Modified 10% Westbranch ATp 101 Higher 0 0 0 7A No Harvest Westbranch ATp 186 Higher 0 0 0 9 Modified 15% Westbranch ATp 187 Higher 0 0 0 ATp Total 474 0 0 0

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Base Polygon Type LSC NAME BGC ZONE AREA Emphasis %old # of Riparian Old req’d Poly req'd old Ha as old additional req'd to Rip 15B Modified 10% Westbranch ESSFxv1 239 Higher 0.13 31 12 19 15C Modified 10% Westbranch ESSFxv1 1,210 Higher 0.13 157 61 97 20 Modified 15% Westbranch ESSFxv1 34 Higher 0.13 4 2 3 7A No Harvest Westbranch ESSFxv1 2,137 Higher 0.13 278 107 171 9 Modified 15% Westbranch ESSFxv1 981 Higher 0.13 128 49 79 ESSFxv1 4,602 598 230 368 Total 13 Modified 33% Westbranch IDFdk4 1,001 Higher 0.32 320 50 270 15B Modified 10% Westbranch IDFdk4 473 Higher 0.16 76 24 52 7-10 Modified 33% Westbranch IDFdk4 1,088 Higher 0.32 348 54 294 7-8 No Harvest Westbranch IDFdk4 1,414 Higher 0.16 226 71 156 9 Modified 15% Westbranch IDFdk4 525 Higher 0.16 84 26 58 IDFdk4 Total 4,501 1054 225 829 13 Modified 33% Westbranch IDFdw 1,034 Higher 0.32 331 52 279 15C Modified 10% Westbranch IDFdw 41 Higher 0.16 7 2 5 19 Modified 33% Westbranch IDFdw 1,155 Higher 0.32 370 58 312 20 Modified 15% Westbranch IDFdw 468 Higher 0.32 150 23 126 7-10 Modified 33% Westbranch IDFdw 114 Higher 0.32 37 6 31 7-8 No Harvest Westbranch IDFdw 669 Higher 0.16 107 33 74 7A No Harvest Westbranch IDFdw 36 Higher 0.16 6 2 4 IDFdw Total 3,518 1006 176 830 13 Modified 33% Westbranch MSdc2 324 Higher 0.21 68 16 52 15B Modified 10% Westbranch MSdc2 101 Higher 0.21 21 5 16 15C Modified 10% Westbranch MSdc2 318 Higher 0.21 67 16 51 19 Modified 33% Westbranch MSdc2 268 Higher 0.21 56 13 43 20 Modified 15% Westbranch MSdc2 705 Higher 0.21 148 35 113 7-10 Modified 33% Westbranch MSdc2 84 Higher 0.21 18 4 13 7-8 No Harvest Westbranch MSdc2 3 Higher 0.21 1 0 1 7A No Harvest Westbranch MSdc2 953 Higher 0.21 200 48 153 MSdc2 Total 2,757 579 138 441 13 Modified 33% Westbranch MSxv 89 Higher 0.21 19 4 14 15B Modified 10% Westbranch MSxv 926 Higher 0.21 194 46 148 7-10 Modified 33% Westbranch MSxv 358 Higher 0.21 75 18 57 7A No Harvest Westbranch MSxv 214 Higher 0.21 45 11 34 9 Modified 15% Westbranch MSxv 1,145 Higher 0.21 241 57 183 MSxv Total 2,732 574 137 437 13 Modified 33% Westbranch SBPSxc 66 Higher 0.1 7 3 3 23 No Harvest 20% Westbranch SBPSxc 151 Higher 0.1 15 8 8 7-11 Modified 15% Westbranch SBPSxc 104 Higher 0.1 10 5 5 7-8 No Harvest Westbranch SBPSxc 148 Higher 0.1 15 7 7 SBPSxc Total 469 47 23 23 Grand Total 389,491 39765 17761 22003

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Appendix 13: Map showing locations of Base Case 12 TPA OGMA’s and No Harvest Areas within the Tatla SFMP

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Appendix 14: Biodiversity Reserve Table Licence WTP Resid BA Total RMA CWD Total Gross CP Sum Sum Sum Comments -CP-Blk Area Equivalent WTP Patches of Area Retention Gross Retention (Not area area Reserves (ha) % Area (ha) % RMA) (ha) (ha) (ha) (ha) (ha) (ha)

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Appendix 15: Map showing First Nation’s areas of interests over the SFMP area

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Appendix 16: List of Wilderness Tourism Association Objectives for the SFMP area

Tourism Objectives:

• To maintain a strong co-operative relationship with Tsi Del Del

• To create long term, sustainable wilderness tourism industry

• To support First Nations cultural and wilderness tourism opportunities

• To work with Tsi Del Del to create a 20 Year Tourism Development Plan within the SFMP area.

• To retain and enhance wilderness tourism/recreation experience opportunities.

• To establish long term, full season job creation

• To develop opportunities for products requiring unroaded areas

• To achieve visual quality maintenance on a site specific basis

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Appendix 17: Mule Deer Winter Range and Caribou Delineated Zones

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Appendix 18: Indicator Reporting Period Table The following table identifies the reporting period Tsi Del Del will use to monitor and confirm that Economic, Environmental and Social objectives are being met through the reportable measures. Additional comments are to be added, to substantiate reasons why the objective was not met.

Tsi Del Del Enterprises Ltd. - Indicator Reporting Period Table

Indicator Reportable Measure Comments Annual Report Annual Report Five Year Report Five Year Report

1. Annual harvest level X 1a. Harvest level allocated for Tsi Del relative to annual allocation. Del Forest License(s). 1b. Harvest level cut (cut control volume). 2. Annual percent of X 2. Disturbance percentage achieved harvested areas in during the cut control year. permanent access structures (e.g. roads and landings). 3. Hectares of non- X 3a. Estimated area lost due to fire: recoverable losses due to wind and fire 3b. Estimated area lost due to wind:

4. Efficient utilization/amount X 4a. Report actual m3/ha of avoidable of avoidable sawlogs. waste per year: 5. Use for trapping and X 5a. Number of notifications to trappers guiding and guides. 5b. Key issues discussed. 5c. Follow-up actions required.

6. Mushroom picking X 6a. Number of mushroom areas identified. 6b. Follow-up actions required. 7. Use for range. X 7a. Number of notifications to range tenure holders. 7b. Follow-up actions required.

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Indicator Reportable Measure Comments Annual Report Annual Report Five Year Report Five Year Report

8. Job creation and X 8a. Total person working days. maintenance. 8b. Total m3 harvested. 8c. Total person working days per total m3 harvested. 8d. Total person working days per forestry department. 9. Training and Capacity X 9a. Number of employee days on building. courses. 9b. Number of employees per type of course training (upgrading, new job training, etc.). 10. Retained contractors. X 10a. Number of contractors working. 10b. Number of retained contractors.

10c: Percent retained contractors.

11. Management of Access. X 11. Number of roads/areas with restricted access. 12. Recreation Areas. X 12. Number and types of "No Harvest" zones used for recreational use. 13. Scenic Areas. X 13. Were appropriate processes followed to meet scenic area objectives on any proposed developments within scenic areas. 14. Meet CCLUP X 14. Report on backcountry targets. Backcountry targets. 15. Amount of area zoned X 15. Amount of area zoned "No Harvest" for tourism. for wilderness tourism. 16. Area harvested by X 16. Percent of actual harvest methods harvest methods/silviculture by silviculture system. system. 17. Research projects X 17. Types of research projects supported. currently ongoing. 18. Establishment of Old X 18. Amount of old seral forest in Growth Management Areas OGMA’s or "No Harvest" areas. (OGMA’s). 19. Seral stage and patch X 19. Patch size distribution. size distribution.

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Indicator Reportable Measure Comments Annual Report Annual Report Five Year Report Five Year Report

20. Stand level biodiversity X 20. Complete a “Biodiversity Reserve reserves: Wildlife Tree Tracking Table” that includes hectares Patches, Riparian of WTP’s, Riparian Management Areas Management Areas and and Coarse Woody Debris patches. Coarse Woody Debris Patches 21. Dispersed Coarse X 21. Number of cutblocks where the Woody Debris Coarse Woody Debris (CWD) strategy was followed.

22. Maintenance of plant X 22. Success of coarse filter strategies species within the range of in maintaining natural habitats through variability found in natural time. forest processes.

23. Local status of rare or X 23. Local status of these species and endangered species and communities within TPA. Local communities. research/inventory by Tsi Del Del and others (e.g. MWLAP) will form the basis for evaluating the status. Consultation with MWLAP will identify strategies to identify the status of these biodiversity values. 24. Ungulate winter range X 24. Area (ha) harvested meeting CCLUP Northern Caribou Strategy and the Regional Mule Deer Winter Range Strategy. 25. Rare ecosystems X 25. Rare ecosystems identified in the TPA. Tsi Del Del will develop a management strategy to deal with any rare ecosystems that are identified. 26. Maintenance of the X 26. Assess and report on sediment natural diversity of fish input resulting from access structures species and fish habitats. within the TPA. Annual report of spring maintenance check. 27. Mixed regeneration X 27. Proportion of area regenerated techniques. naturally and planted. 28. Salvage of timber due to X 28. Number of hectares salvaged from forest insect outbreak. severe pest outbreaks. 29. Disease control X 29. Percent of cutblocks in compliance measures for cutblocks. with disease control measures as stated in the Site Plan.

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Indicator Reportable Measure Comments Annual Report Annual Report Five Year Report Five Year Report

30. Hectares of NSR, X 30 a. Hectares of NSR. Regeneration delay and Free growing. X 30b. Percent of area meeting regen delay. X 30c. Number of hectares that reach free growing. 31. Terrain Stability. X 31. Percent of Site Plans and road designs consistent with terrain stability field assessments. 32. Dispersed soil X 32. Number of cutblocks consistent disturbance. with soil disturbance targets in the Site Plan. 33. Road maintenance and X 33a. # of kilometers of road deactivation. maintained. X 33b. # of kilometers of road deactivated. 34. Stream crossings. X 34. Number of stream crossings installed, inspected, monitored and number of crossings requiring maintenance. 35. Fund Tsi Del Del X 35. $0.50 per cubic meter of AAC Educational Trust Fund. volume harvested placed into fund for educational opportunities. 36. Records of meetings X 36. Number of meetings/consultations and correspondence with held with Bands. Bands. 37. Forestry work and 37. Percent of forestry work carried out harvesting carried out by X by First Nations. First Nations. 38. Number of areas or blocks set 38. Traditional Use Study. X aside, or blocks modified by TUS information. 39. Archaeological Impact 39. Number of AIA’s completed. X Assessments (AIA). 40. Employee 40. Number of crew/employee X Communication. meetings. X 41a. Number of safety meetings. 41. Safety Equipment and X 41b. Number of reported incidents. procedures. X 41c. Number of safety inspections.

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Indicator Reportable Measure Comments Annual Report Annual Report Five Year Report Five Year Report

42. Areas for community 42. Hectares set aside for community development: Woodlots, development. X community forest and tourism. 43. Public and individual 43. Number of meetings held. X meetings and consultations. 44. Percent compliance. X 44. Number of contraventions.

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Appendix 19: List of Proposed Tsi Del Del FIA Projects

# Project Activity Multi-Year Project New for 2003/04

1 Furbearer Biodiversity, Wildlife & Yes No Wildlife Habitat.

2 Pine Mushroom Biodiversity, Wildlife & Yes Yes Wildlife Habitat.

3 Visuals Recreation & Visuals No Yes

4 Access Maintenance projects on No Yes Non-status roads 5 Trail Inventory Recreation & Visuals No Yes

6 DNA Pilot Analysis Biodiversity/Wildlife Yes No Habitat Monitoring

7 Forest Health Detection Incremental Forest Health No Yes Strategies

8 Fish (Puntzi Ck) Prescription & Treatment Yes Yes

9 Fish (Puntzi Ck) Aquatic resources Yes Yes

10 Wildcraft Inventory Biodiversity, Wildlife & Yes Yes Wildlife Habitat.

11 Northern Goshawk Biodiversity/Wildlife Yes Yes Monitoring Habitat Monitoring

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