Anjal Prakash and Jasveen Jairath The growth and expansion of Hyderabad Projected Population of Hyd Urban ó Decadal growth rate (2001- Agglomeration (in lakh – 1 lakh = 100,000) 2011 ) in Ranga Reddy district 60 ( of which Hyderabad is part of) is highest - 48.15% 50 amongst other districts in the State 40 MCH
30 Surrounding ó The surrounding Municipalities Others
municipalities will grow 20 more rapidly and is expected to touch the population of 10 MCH; adjoining villages also show growth (others) 0 2001 2011 2021 Source: Calculation from data in GHMC Hyderabad City Development Plan, undated Water (in)Security in Hyderabad, India
ó Massive development in real estate due to IT industries ó Heavy Demand on water resources ó Severe water shortage and lack of access to water for the poor in lower socio-economic agglomerations ó The private tanker industry has flourished, and is rampantly extracting water to sell outside for commercial The Real estate Project (Lanco Hills) towering upto 33 floors in Manikonda, a sought after use location for real estate growth Water (in)Security in Hyderabad, India
ó The city has cascade of lakes which are in bad condition – 3084 lakes in HMDA’s core areas itself, many more in peri urban areas (data available – about 500) ó urban areas have lost several lakes during the process of development, which were earlier natural sources of water for agriculture and several other economic activities.
ó Sewage water is diverted in Shadan hospital near Peerancheru releases wastes the lakes which leads to into the lake pollution, Ground water contamination and diseases Cascade of tank
Slide curtsey: Dhan Foundation - rural.nic.in/sites/downloads/pura/WM_%20Approaches... Change in areas of water bodies between 1989-2001 3245 ha of water bodies 18000 lost in 12 years! About
16000 10 times the size of Hussain Sagar ..
14000
12000
10000
Axis Title 8000
6000
4000
2000
0 <100 100-<200 200 - <300 300 - <400 400 - <500 >= 500 total Year 1989 10428.8 1061.77 657.44 319.86 854.08 3856.73 17178.68 Year 2001 8820.79 923.93 0 0 862.53 3326.49 13933.74
Source: Prasad et al, 2009 Shamirpet lake - 1989
Shamirpet Lake Area : 486 ha Shamirpet lake - 2006
Shamirpet Lake Area : 256.77 ha Shamirpet lake – 1989- 2006
230 Ha of land under water got reduced in 17 years 1989 2001
2005 2005 Shamirpet Lake (classified map)
2009
Water Vegetation-1 Vegetation-2 Other classes
Source: SaciWATERs and IIIT Study, 2011, Forthcoming
IMPORTANCE OF URBAN LAKES
ó Regulate local / micro climatic conditions ó Keep surroundings cool ó Regulate flood waters ó Minimize economic loss due to flooding ó Improve ground water recharging ó Support aquatic life ó Stop gap habitat for migratory birds. ó Contribute towards natural remediation of waste waters. ó Silt controlling traps.
Slide curtsey: Jasveen Jairath, 2011 As a result… ó Increase in urban floods – extent and spread ó Low recharge of GW ó Vulnerability to droughts ó Peri urban areas – deprived of corporation services bare compounded brunt ó Aggravated by gated affluent communities in PU areas ó Poor quantum and low quality
Slide curtsey: Jasveen Jairath, 2011 Hyderabad City’s Water Supply
ó Local water body sources – replaced by distant rivers – krishna, godawari, manjeera
ó Consequences – expensive, larger eco-footprints
ó Local self reliance of water – breaks down
ó Around 60% of HMDA is covered by formal water supply – rest of the areas depend on GW – lakes recharge GW How to kill a lake? Encroach upon.. Pollute 1989 - 1990 tons of fish found dead in hussain sagar. Block feeder channel- Begumpet Do systematic filling : near Khairatabad fly over Systematic filling [contd] Throw Industrial Effluents: Balanagar nala See yourself.. Discharge of untreated sewage discharges from somajiguda Pollution follows Visibility range of sagar waters – one feet only
Oily sediment Leakages from industrial effluent carrying pipe Kapra Lake , Sainikpuri
Fence in the middle of the Kapra lake – systematic filling In Sum… issues are of..
Rural urban water • Water transfer through tankers flow • Water received as waste
Disruption of • Natural water flow disrupted – floods natural water flow and droughts
• Drinking water quality – fluoride Heavy reliance on • Crisis for irrigation water for peri groundwater urban agriculture
Social characteristic • State under influence of corporate of state bodies and real estate lobbyist Thank You