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Pick Your Poison: Molecular Evolution of Venom Proteins in Asilidae (Insecta: Diptera)
toxins Article Pick Your Poison: Molecular Evolution of Venom Proteins in Asilidae (Insecta: Diptera) Chris M. Cohen * , T. Jeffrey Cole and Michael S. Brewer * Howell Science Complex, East Carolina University, 1000 E 5th St., Greenville, NC 27858, USA; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] (C.M.C.); [email protected] (M.S.B.) Received: 5 November 2020; Accepted: 20 November 2020; Published: 24 November 2020 Abstract: Robber flies are an understudied family of venomous, predatory Diptera. With the recent characterization of venom from three asilid species, it is possible, for the first time, to study the molecular evolution of venom genes in this unique lineage. To accomplish this, a novel whole-body transcriptome of Eudioctria media was combined with 10 other publicly available asiloid thoracic or salivary gland transcriptomes to identify putative venom gene families and assess evidence of pervasive positive selection. A total of 348 gene families of sufficient size were analyzed, and 33 of these were predicted to contain venom genes. We recovered 151 families containing homologs to previously described venom proteins, and 40 of these were uniquely gained in Asilidae. Our gene family clustering suggests that many asilidin venom gene families are not natural groupings, as delimited by previous authors, but instead form multiple discrete gene families. Additionally, robber fly venoms have relatively few sites under positive selection, consistent with the hypothesis that the venoms of older lineages are dominated by negative selection acting to maintain toxic function. Keywords: Asilidae; transcriptome; positive selection Key Contribution: Asilidae venoms have relatively few sites under positive selection, consistent with the hypothesis that the venoms of older lineages are dominated by negative selection acting to maintain toxic function. -
Diptera: Asilidae) of the PHILIPPINE ISLANDS
PACIFIC INSECTS Vol. 14, no. 2: 201-337 20 August 1972 Organ of the program "Zoogeography and Evolution of Pacific Insects." Published by Entomology Department, Bishop Museum, Honolulu, Hawaii, XJ. S. A. Editorial committee : J. L. Gressitt (editor), S. Asahina, R. G. Fennah, R. A. Harrison, T. C. Maa, C. W. Sabrosky, J. J. H. Szent-Ivany, J. van der Vecht, K. Yasumatsu and E. C. Zimmerman. Devoted to studies of insects and other terrestrial arthropods from the Pacific area, includ ing eastern Asia, Australia and Antarctica. ROBBER FLIES (Diptera: Asilidae) OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS By Harold Oldroyd1 CONTENTS I. Introduction 201 II. Zoogeographical relationships of the Philippine Islands 202 III. Key to tribes of Asilidae occurring there 208 IV. The tribes: (1) LEPTOGASTERINI 208 (2) ATOMOSIINI 224 (3) LAPHRIINI 227 (4) XENOMYZINI 254 (5) STICHOPOGONINI 266 (6) SAROPOGONINI 268 (7) ASILINI 271 (8) OMMATIINI 306 V. References 336 Abstract: The Asilidae of the Philippine Islands are reviewed after a study of recent ly collected material. Keys are given to tribes, genera and species. The number of genera is 28, and of species 100; one genus and 37 species are described as new. Illustrations include genitalic drawings of species. The relationships of the Asilidae of the Philippine Islands among the islands, and with adjoining areas, are discussed, and it is concluded that there is no present evidence of any endemic fauna. I. INTRODUCTION The present study arose indirectly out of participation in the compilation of a Catalog of Diptera of the Oriental Region, initiated and edited from Hawaii by Dr M. -
Diptera: Asilidae) from Tehran Province and Vicinity, Iran
Journal of Biological Control, 24 (1): 42–46, 2010 Research Article A contribution to the knowledge of robber flies (Diptera: Asilidae) from Tehran province and vicinity, Iran NAJMEH SAMIN1*, HAMID SAKENIN2, SOHRAB IMANI1 and MAHMOOD SHOJAI1 1Department of Entomology, Islamic Azad University, Tehran Science & Research Branch, Tehran, Iran 2College of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Ghaemshahr Branch, Mazandaran, Iran *Corresponding author E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] ABSTRACT: Robber flies (Diptera: Asilidae) are one of the important groups of predators in controlling numerous insect groups. A total of 30 asilid species representing 22 genera are listed in this paper from Tehran province. Of these, Neoitamus senectus Richter, Stenopogon rufipilus ruficauda Engel and Rhadinus ungulinus Loew are new records for the fauna of Iran. Additionally, prey records and distributional data are provided for asilid species. KEY WORDS: Asilidae, fauna, prey, Tehran province, Iran (Article chronicle – Received: 23.11.2009; Sent for revision: 25.12.2009; Accepted: 05.01.2010) INTRODUCTION meal, which is generally consumed upon returning to a perch (Lavigne, 2003; Ghahari et al., 2007b). Robber flies (Insecta: Diptera: Asilidae) are an abundant and diverse family known for their predatory There are 1634 species of Asilidae recorded from behavior. As their common name implies, robber flies have the Palearctic region (Geller Grimm, 2005). The Iranian voracious appetites and feed on a vast array of other fauna has been studied recently very well and a total of arthropods, which may help to maintain a healthy balance 8 papers have been published from Iran so far (Oldroyd, among insect populations in various habitats (Joern and 1958; Abbassian-Lintzen, R. -
Arab Journal of Plant Protection
Under the Patronage of H.E. the President of the Council of Ministers, Lebanon Arab Journal of Plant Protection Volume 27, Special Issue (Supplement), October 2009 Abstracts Book 10th Arab Congress of Plant Protection Organized by Arab Society for Plant Protection in Collaboration with National Council for Scientific Research Crowne Plaza Hotel, Beirut, Lebanon 26-30 October, 2009 Edited by Safaa Kumari, Bassam Bayaa, Khaled Makkouk, Ahmed El-Ahmed, Ahmed El-Heneidy, Majd Jamal, Ibrahim Jboory, Walid Abou-Gharbieh, Barakat Abu Irmaileh, Elia Choueiri, Linda Kfoury, Mustafa Haidar, Ahmed Dawabah, Adwan Shehab, Youssef Abu-Jawdeh Organizing Committee of the 10th Arab Congress of Plant Protection Mouin Hamze Chairman National Council for Scientific Research, Beirut, Lebanon Khaled Makkouk Secretary National Council for Scientific Research, Beirut, Lebanon Youssef Abu-Jawdeh Member Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon Leila Geagea Member Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Holy Spirit University- Kaslik, Lebanon Mustafa Haidar Member Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon Walid Saad Member Pollex sal, Beirut, Lebanon Samir El-Shami Member Ministry of Agriculture, Beirut, Lebanon Elia Choueiri Member Lebanese Agricultural Research Institute, Tal Amara, Zahle, Lebanon Linda Kfoury Member Faculty of Agriculture, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon Khalil Melki Member Unifert, Beirut, Lebanon Imad Nahal Member Ministry of Agriculture, Beirut, -
ASILIDAE 48 (Assassin Flies Or Robber Flies)
SURICATA 5 (2017) 1097 ASILIDAE 48 (Assassin Flies or Robber Flies) Jason G.H. Londt and Torsten Dikow Fig. 48.1. Female of Promachus sp. with hymenopteran prey (Zambia) (photograph © R. Felix). Diagnosis 164, 184), extending medially; face with mystax (Fig. 1), usu- ally macrosetose (Fig. 46), but sometimes only composed of Small- to very large-sized flies (body length: 4–65 mm; wing setae near lower facial margin (Fig. 200); antenna positioned 1 length: 4–40 mm) (Figs 101, 185), that are predatory, capturing in dorsal ∕2 of head (Fig. 46); fore- and mid coxa positioned insects on the wing, and to a lesser extent, resting insects or close together; legs virtually originating at same level to cap- spiders. ture and hold prey (Fig. 46); metakatepisternum usually small (Fig. 46), except in Laphriinae (Fig. 162), not visible between Asilidae can be diagnosed as follows: labellum of proboscis mid and hind coxa. fused to prementum at least ventrally; hypopharynx heavily sclerotised, with dorsal seta-like spicules; labrum short, at most Head dichoptic in both sexes; face usually protruding to 1 ∕2 as long as labium; cibarium trapezoidal; vertex usually de- some extent, forming facial swelling (Fig. 1), but in several pressed (Figs 72, 73); postpronotal lobes fused to scutum (Figs taxa entirely plane (Fig. 200); face with mystacal macrosetae Kirk-Spriggs, A.H. & Sinclair, B.J. (eds). 2017. Manual of Afrotropical Diptera. Volume 2. Nematocerous Diptera and lower Brachycera. Suricata 5. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria; pp. 1097–1182. 1098 SURICATA 5 (2017) forming mystax (Fig. 1), which varies in extent from only cover- depressed (Figs 72, 80); all 3 ocelli circular, placed on single 1 ing lower facial margin (Fig. -
A Taxonomic and Ecological Study of the Asilidae of Michigan
The Great Lakes Entomologist Volume 8 Number 2 - Summer 1975 Number 2 - Summer Article 1 1975 June 1975 A Taxonomic and Ecological Study of the Asilidae of Michigan Norman T. Baker University of Minnesota Roland L. Fischer Michigan State University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholar.valpo.edu/tgle Part of the Entomology Commons Recommended Citation Baker, Norman T. and Fischer, Roland L. 1975. "A Taxonomic and Ecological Study of the Asilidae of Michigan," The Great Lakes Entomologist, vol 8 (2) Available at: https://scholar.valpo.edu/tgle/vol8/iss2/1 This Peer-Review Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of Biology at ValpoScholar. It has been accepted for inclusion in The Great Lakes Entomologist by an authorized administrator of ValpoScholar. For more information, please contact a ValpoScholar staff member at [email protected]. Baker and Fischer: A Taxonomic and Ecological Study of the Asilidae of Michigan THE GREAT LAKES ENTOMOLOGIST A TAXONOMIC AND ECOLOGIC STUDY OF THE ASlLlDAE OF MICHIGAN Norman T. ~akerland Roland L. ~ischer~ ABSTRACT Seventy-two species of Asilidae have been recorded from Michigan. An additional seven which may occur are included. Keys to subfamilies, genera and species are given. Two subfamilies and twenty-five genera are represented. A discussion of specific identification, habitat, and distribution is given where possible. The Laphria canis complex, index complex, and aeatus complex are discussed. One new species, Laphria calvescenta is described. Laphria disparella has been raised from synonymy. Machimus virginicus was removed from Asilus sensu-latu and placed in the genus Machimus. -
Example Insect Natural History Data
Example Insect Natural History Data These data were assembled by participants of a workshop held at the University of Florida from May 30 to June 1 of 2018. The data cover all five major insect orders (Coleoptera, Diptera, Hemiptera, Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera) and represent most of the various kinds of natural history information found on insect specimen labels. The data also include representative natural history information from literature sources and online databases. For more information about how these data were assembled and why, see Stucky et al. (2019) __________. Except for works in the public domain, data use licenses are as specified by the original data owners. Coleoptera Example 1 Taxonomy: Coleoptera: Buprestidae: Acmaeodera sp. Record type: database Life stage(s): adult Source: iNaturalist Record URL: https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/12840335 Comments and relevant content: "Feeding on wildflowers in an open meadow in the midlands of South Carolina." Example 2 Taxonomy: Coleoptera: Cerambycidae Record type: literature Source: Paro et al. (2011) Relevant text: "Table 1. Association between girdled and available host-plants (listed alphabetically) and Onciderini beetles in Serra do Japi from 2002 to 2006." The table gives the percentages of each plant species that were girdled along with associated beetle species. Example 3 Taxonomy: Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Rhaesus serricollis Record type: literature Source: Sama et al. (2010) Relevant text: "Host plants: Polyphagous on deciduous trees like Platanus (Platanaceae), Ficus -
Rodrigo Marques Vieira.Pdf
INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZÔNIA – INPA PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM ENTOMOLOGIA SISTEMÁTICA DE ASILINAE LATREILLE, 1802 (DIPTERA, ASILIDAE) RODRIGO MARQUES VIEIRA Manaus, Amazonas Junho de 2013 RODRIGO MARQUES VIEIRA SISTEMÁTICA DE ASILINAE LATREILLE, 1802 (DIPTERA, ASILIDAE) Orientador: Dr. José Albertino Rafael (INPA) Coorientador: Dr. Torsten Dikow (USNM) Tese apresentada ao Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do título de Doutor em Ciências Biológicas, área de concentração em Entomologia. Manaus, Amazonas Junho de 2013 ii V658 Vieira, Rodrigo Marques Sistemática de Asilinae latreille, 1802 (Diptera, Asilidae) / Rodrigo Marques Vieira. --- Manaus : [s.n.], 2013. xxxii, 435 f. : il. color. Tese (doutorado) --- INPA, Manaus, 2013. Orientador : José Albertino Rafael Coorientador : Torsten Dikow Área de concentração : Entomologia 1. Asilinae Latreille. 2. Asilinae – Filogenia. 3. Asilinae – Taxonomia. 4. Ommatiinae. I. Título. CDD 19. ed. 595.770415 Sinopse: Foi feito um estudo filogenético morfológico de Asilinae e foram propostas hipóteses sobre as relações filogenéticas entre os gêneros da subfamília. Foram descritos dois novos gêneros e 14 espécies novas, além de uma revalidação de gênero, cinco combinações novas, cinco sinonímias e uma designação de lectótipo. Palavras-chave: 1. Asiloidea 2. Filogenia 3. Redescrição 4. Taxonomia 5. Apocleini. iii BANCA EXAMINADORA Dra. Rosaly Ale-Rocha Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia – INPA Dra. Lisiane Dilli Wendt Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia – INPA Dr. Ronildo Baiatone Alencar Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia – INPA Dr. Márcio Luiz Leitão Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia – INPA Dr. Paschoal Coelho Grossi Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso – UFMT iv AGRADECIMENTOS Ao INPA pela estrutura oferecida durante o desenvolvimento do projeto. -
To Robber Flies Fauna (Diptera: Asilidae) of Mordovia, Russia
BIODIVERSITAS ISSN: 1412-033X Volume 20, Number 4, April 2019 E-ISSN: 2085-4722 Pages: 994-1005 DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200409 To robber flies fauna (Diptera: Asilidae) of Mordovia, Russia DMITRY M. ASTAKHOV1,♥, ALEXANDER B. RUCHIN2,♥♥, OLGA D. ROMADINA1, IVAN M. PRISTREM1 1Volgograd State University, Universitetskiy pr., 100, Volgograd 400062, Russia.♥email: [email protected], [email protected] 2Joint Directorate of Mordovia State Nature Reserve and Smolny National Park, Saransk, Russia; ♥♥email: [email protected] Manuscript received: 25 February 2019. Revision accepted: 14 March 2019. Abstract. Astakhov DM, Ruchin AB, Romadina OD, Pristrem IM. 2019. To robber flies fauna (Diptera: Asilidae) of Mordovia, Russia. Biodiversitas 20: 994-1005. On the basis of long-term data (2007-2018), the fauna of robber flies (Asilidae) of the Republic of Mordovia was studied. Taking into account our own and literary data, 35 species of robber flies from 18 genera were noted. Of them, 19 species were noticed in the Republic of Mordovia for the first time. We presented the photos of morphological traits of Choerades fuliginosa (Panzer 1798), Choerades gilva (Linnaeus 1758), Choerades ignea (Meigen 1820), Laphria gibbosa (Linnaeus 1758), Andrenosoma albibarbe (Meigen 1820), Andrenosoma atra (Linnaeus 1758), Didysmachus picipes (Meigen 1820), Dysmachus stylifer (Loew 1854), Pamponerus germanicus (Linnaeus 1758), Philonicus albiceps (Meigen 1820), Machimus gonatistes (Zeller 1840), Neoitamus cothurnatus (Meigen 1820), Neoitamus cyanurus (Loew 1849), Dioctria atricapilla (Meigen 1804), Leptogaster cylindrica (De Geer 1776). Keywords: Asilidae, new records, robber flies, Russia INTRODUCTION Some of them (stenotopic species) occur only in one plant community type, others (eurytopic species) can inhabit two Diptera, along with Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, and or more types of plant communities (Dennis and Lavigne Hemiptera, is one of the largest orders in the world fauna. -
Molecular Evolution of Venom Proteins in Asilidae (Insecta: Diptera)
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.11.02.365569; this version posted November 3, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY 4.0 International license. Pick Your Poison: Molecular Evolution of Venom Proteins in Asilidae (Insecta: Diptera) Chris M. Cohen1, T. Jeffrey Cole1, and Michael S. Brewer1 1East Carolina University November 2, 2020 Abstract Robber flies are an understudied family of venomous, predatory Diptera. With the recent characterization of venom from three asilid species, it is possible for the first time to study the molecular evolution of venom genes in this unique lineage. To accomplish this, a novel whole-body transcriptome of Eudioctria media was combined with 10 other publicly available asiloid thoracic or salivary gland transcriptomes to identify putative venom gene families and assess evidence of pervasive positive selection. A total of 348 gene families of sufficient size were analyzed, and 33 of these were predicted to contain venom genes. We recovered 151 families containing homologs to previously described venoms, and 40 of these were uniquely gained in Asilidae. Our gene family clustering suggests that many asilidin venom gene families are not natural groupings as originally delimited. Additionally, robber-fly venoms have relatively few sites under positive selection, consistent with the hypothesis that the venom of older lineages are dominated by negative selection acting to maintain toxic function. Introduction Venoms are typically a composition of various neurotoxins, enzymes, ions, and small organic molecules [1]; [2]; [3]; [4]. -
Diptera: Asilidae)
Zootaxa 3673 (1): 001–064 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Monograph ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2013 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3673.1.1 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:2D0CEAB4-5CC6-42B6-8388-FBA7113C87C2 ZOOTAXA 3673 Review and analysis of information on the biology and morphology of immature stages of robber flies (Diptera: Asilidae) D. STEVE DENNIS1,4, JEFFREY K. BARNES2 & LLOYD KNUTSON3 11105 Myrtle Wood Drive, St. Augustine, FL 32086-4838, U.S.A. E-mail: [email protected] 2Department of Entomology, University of Arkansas, 319 Agriculture Building, Fayetteville, AR 72701, U.S.A. E-mail: [email protected] 3Salita degli Albito 29, 04024 Gaeta (LT), Italy E-mail: [email protected] 4Corresponding author Magnolia Press Auckland, New Zealand Accepted by N. Evenhuis: 6 May 2013; published: 17 Jun. 2013 D. STEVE DENNIS, JEFFREY K. BARNES AND LLOYD KNUTSON Review and analysis of information on the biology and morphology of immature stages of robber flies (Diptera: Asilidae) (Zootaxa 3673) 64 pp.; 30 cm. 17 Jun. 2013 ISBN 978-1-77557-200-8 (paperback) ISBN 978-1-77557-201-5 (Online edition) FIRST PUBLISHED IN 2013 BY Magnolia Press P.O. Box 41-383 Auckland 1346 New Zealand e-mail: [email protected] http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ © 2013 Magnolia Press All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored, transmitted or disseminated, in any form, or by any means, without prior written permission from the publisher, to whom all requests to reproduce copyright material should be directed in writing. -
Lucas Mallada-11 Lucas Mallada-11 01/06/15 13:51 Página 4
Lucas Mallada-11_Lucas Mallada-11 01/06/15 13:51 Página 4 LUCAS MALLADA REVISTA DE CIENCIAS INSTITUTO DE ESTUDIOS ALTOARAGONESES (DIPUTACIÓNDEHUESCA) Director: César PEDROCCHI RENAULT Consejo de Redacción: Juan Blas PÉREZ LORENZ, Carlos MARTÍ, Enrique BALCELLS ROCAMORA, Pedro MONTSERRAT RECODER, Francisco COMÍN, Rosario FANLO DOMÍNGUEZ, Ana CASTELLÓ PUIG, José Mª GARCÍA-RUIZ, Caridad SÁNCHEZ ACEDO, José Ramón LÓPEZ PARDO, Federico FILLAT ESTAQUÉ, José Mª PALACÍN LATORRE, Juan HERRERO ISERN, Ricardo PASCUAL, Vittorio PEDROCCHI RIUS, Víctor Mª REDONDO VEINTEMILLAS, Ángel VILLACAMPA MÉNDEZ, Luis VILLAR PÉREZ, Domingo GONZÁLEZ ÁLVAREZ, Eladio LIÑÁN GUIJARRO, Mª Teresa LÓPEZ GIMÉNEZ Secretaria: Pilar ALCALDE ARÁNTEGUI Correctores: Isidoro GRACIA y Teresa SAS Diseño de la portada: Vicente BADENES Redacción y Administración: Instituto de Estudios Altoaragoneses Parque, 10 E-22002 HUESCA Apartado de correos 53 Tel. 974-294120 Fax 974-294122 www.iea.es / [email protected] ISSN: 0214-8315 Depósito Legal: HU-151/2000 Imprime: Grafic RM Color. HUESCA Lucas Mallada-11_Lucas Mallada-11 01/06/15 13:51 Página 5 ÍNDICE ARTÍCULOS Plantas de la alberca de Loreto (Huesca, España), por Joaquín ASCASO MARTORELL y Javier YERA POSA . 9 Aportaciones a la geomorfología del macizo de Cotiella (Pirineo oscense), por Ánchel BELMONTE RIBAS . 25 Hidroquímica de la cuenca alta del río Gállego (Huesca), por Ignacio BETRÁN LACASTA, José Antonio CUCHÍ OTERINO y José Antonio MANSO ALONSO . 41 Puntos de Interés Geológico del Alto Gállego (Huesca): un ejemplo de análisis sistemático del patrimonio geológico de una comarca natural, por L. CAR- CAVILLA et al. 63 Especies de coleópteros de las familias Staphylinidae e Histeridae presentes en carroña de cerdos, en la comarca de La Litera (Huesca), por Manuel CAS- TILLO-MIRALBÉS .