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2005 Civil Engineering Profession in Europe

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2005 Civil Engineering Profession in Europe 2005 Civil Engineering Profession in Europe A review of the profession in Europe today from education to professional practice European Council of Civil Engineers The Civil Engineering Profession in Europe - 2005 2 The Civil Engineering Profession in Europe - 2005 EUROPEAN COUNCIL OF CIVIL ENGINEERS (ECCE) The Civil Engineering Profession in Europe 2005 The year 2004 marked a historic enlargement of the European Union. There are now 25 Member States and further countries seeking accession in the course of the coming decade. The European Council of Civil Engineers (ECCE) wishes to mark the enlargement by presenting the civil engineering profession in Europe today through the eyes of the professionals themselves. In doing so ECCE is not looking at construction figures, nor major projects, but at the education, training and professional practice of civil engineers ranging from the northern tip of Finland across the European continent to the northern shores of the Mediterranean Sea. The geographical diversity of our membership includes Portugal and Ireland on Europe’s western reachs and Russia and Turkey to the east. The Editorial Board is extremely grateful to those members who gave freely of their time to research, collate and submit the information on behalf of their organisations over the last year and more. This has enabled us to present this volume to give an overview of the state of the civil engineering profession today. The “Civil Engineering Profession in Europe” was first published in the early 1990s when ECCE was a much smaller organisation than it is today. A second edition appeared in 1998 and today’s volume represents the third edition, encompassing contributions of our 22 member organisations, together with educational information supplied by the Japan Society of Civil Engineers – who also provided some practice-related information - and the American Society of Civil Engineers. ECCE, thus, is greatly indebted to our partner organisations in Japan and the USA for responding and contributing to this paper. The European Council of Civil Engineers seeks to serve the public at large as well as fellow professionals by providing up-to-date information about the Civil Engineering Profession in Europe 2005. We hope that the text and related summaries will provide a comprehensive view and form a basis on which the development of the civil engineering profession in the 21st Century may be judged. Yrjö Matikainen Carsten Ahrens Diana E Maxwell President Vice President Secretary General September 2005 Editorial 3 The Civil Engineering Profession in Europe - 2005 EUROPEAN COUNCIL OF CIVIL ENGINEERS (ECCE) ECCE’s historical background The European Council of Civil Engineers (ECCE) was created in 1985 out of the shared concerns of the professional bodies for Civil Engineers in Europe. They were convinced that by working together, Civil Engineers across Europe could offer much more to assist Europe advance its built environment and protect the natural environment. ECCE member organisations ECCE comprises 22 member organisations throughout Europe. Only one organisation may represent any given country. Each of our member organisations represents individual professional civil engineers in its own country. At June 2005 ECCE comprises the following member countries: Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia*, Lithuania, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Turkey, United Kingdom. (Latvia* has applied for full membership in 2005). All our member countries have participated in this project. Two national organisations with which ECCE has long been associated have also contributed – the American Society of Civil Engineers and the Japan Society of Civil Engineers. ECCE’s aspirations and achievement for the profession and for society as a whole ECCE has a consistent set of objectives: At the European Union level, ECCE aims to promote the highest technical and ethical standards, to provide a source of impartial advice, and promote co-operation with other pan- European organisations in the construction industry. ECCE also advises and influences individual governments and professional institutions, formulates standards and achieves a mutual compatibility of different regulations controlling the profession, and formulates standards for a European Code of Conduct of the Civil Engineering Profession and disciplinary procedures applicable throughout the Union. ECCE formulates guidelines to maintain and raise standards of civil engineering education, training and professionals’ competence, as well as assisting in achieving mutual compatibility of Euro-codes, standards and regulations in the related industry and encouraging and improving levels of safety and quality in the industry. ECCE is active in such areas as the environment, research and development, education and training, ethics, continuing professional development, transportation and liability, as well as organising workshops and conferences. ECCE meets twice a year. Meetings rotate around Europe, each being hosted by a different member organisation. To find out more about our activities, please consult our web-site: http: www.eccenet.org 4 Editorial The Civil Engineering Profession in Europe - 2005 List of Contents 5 - 6 I. Editorial ECCE – The Civil Engineering Profession in Europe 2005 3 Historical Background – Member Organisations – Achievements 4 II. Introduction to „The Civil Engineering Profession in Europe“ 7 Our Member Organisations, in their own words 9 - 40 Contacts with other Pan-European/International Organisations 41 PART A – Text Component 1. The Education System at present 43 - 94 1.1 The General Education System at present 1.2 Environmental Training within Civil Engineering Education 1.3 Bologna Process 1.4 Foreign Language Learning 2. Student Numbers 95 - 98 2.1 Number of Undergraduates in Civil Engineering 2.2 Number of Graduates in Civil Engineering 3. Recognition and Protection of Professional Title 99 - 106 3.1 Legislation 3.2 Protection of Title 4. Training 107 - 112 4.1 Undergraduate Training 4.2 Postgraduate Training 5. Services Offered by Professional Civil Engineers 113 - 118 6. Number of Qualified Engineers 119 - 122 6.1 Number of qualified Engineers 6.2 Figures according to categories 7. Professional Organisation and Registration 123 - 134 7.1 Registration 7.2 Voluntary membership 7.3 Commercial interest 7.4 Professional sectoral societies 8. Legal Background to the Profession 135 - 142 8.1 Legal restrictions to the functions 8.2 Regulation of building and construction laws 9. Contracts 143 - 152 9.1 Type of contract 9.2 Particular types of used contracts 9.3 Most common system for tendering for public projects 9.4 Criteria for tendering 9.5 Other criteria for tendering 9.6 Electronic tendering List of Contents 5 The Civil Engineering Profession in Europe - 2005 10. Fee Scales, Salaries and Taxation 153 - 158 10.1 Fee scales 10.2 Calculation rules in tendering 10.3 Civil Engineers and the national taxation system 10.4 Average salary and percentage of tax paid on that salary 11. Insurances and Professional Liability 159 - 162 11.1 Mandatory insurances for civil engineers 11.2 Responsibility for professional liability insurances 11.3 Liability insurance for companies 12. Social Security 163 - 170 12.1 Payment of social security 12.2 Special unemployment funds 12.3 Compulsory contributions for health service and pension 13. Civil Engineering Practice 171 - 174 In which sectors do Civil Engineers work? Figures to indicate percentage in employment as civil engineers in: 13.1 Private sector work 13.2 Public sector work 14. Continuing Professional Development and Lifelong Learning 175 - 180 14.1 Continuing professional development 14.2 Lifelong Learning 15. Promotion of the Profession 181 - 190 16. Changing Working Practices 191 - 200 16.1 Eurocodes 16.2 Environmental Impact Assessments 16.3 Use of Information and Communication Technology 17. Membership Structure and Numbers 201 - 202 17.1 Grades of membership 17.2 Number of members PART B – Tabular Information 203 The information set out in Chapters 1 – 17 above is condensed in Tabular Form 205 - 240 Annexes: 243 Addendum 1 - to Chapter 1 - Education The Impact of the Bologna Process on Civil Engineering Education and the Profession in Europe 245 - 256 Addendum 2 - Universities with Civil Engineering Curricula 257 - 266 Addendum 3 - Supplementary Information offered by some of our members 267 - 282 6 List of Contents The Civil Engineering Profession in Europe - 2005 INTRODUCTION TO THE CIVIL ENGINEERING PROFESSION IN EUROPE 2005 ECCE’s MEMBER ORGANISATIONS, IN THEIR OWN WORDS… Introduction to “The Civil Engineering Profession in Europe” 7 Our Member Organisations, in their own words ... Contacts with other Pan-European/International Organisations 8 The Civil Engineering Profession in Europe - 2005 CROATIA (HR) Croatian Association of Civil Engineers (HSGI) The Croatian Association of Civil Engineers (HSGI) is the association of Civil Engineering Societies operating in the larger towns in Croatia. Its members are civil engineers, regardless of their professional affiliation. Students of civil engineering and retired engineers may also be members. The members are organised in 30 societies located in major towns and counties of the Republic of Croatia and in the following specialised societies which are members of the HSGI: Society of Structural Engineers, Society of Geotechnical Engineers, Society for High Dams, Project Management
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