A Study on the Phylogeny and the Ecology of Ammonia Oxidizing Bacteria Using a New Molecular Marker Based on the Gene Amob
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Cometabolic Biodegradation of Halogenated Aliphatic Hydrocarbons by Ammonia-Oxidizing Microorganisms Naturally Associated with Wetland Plant Roots
Wright State University CORE Scholar Browse all Theses and Dissertations Theses and Dissertations 2015 Cometabolic Biodegradation of Halogenated Aliphatic Hydrocarbons by Ammonia-oxidizing Microorganisms Naturally Associated with Wetland Plant Roots Ke Qin Wright State University Follow this and additional works at: https://corescholar.libraries.wright.edu/etd_all Part of the Environmental Sciences Commons Repository Citation Qin, Ke, "Cometabolic Biodegradation of Halogenated Aliphatic Hydrocarbons by Ammonia-oxidizing Microorganisms Naturally Associated with Wetland Plant Roots" (2015). Browse all Theses and Dissertations. 1430. https://corescholar.libraries.wright.edu/etd_all/1430 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses and Dissertations at CORE Scholar. It has been accepted for inclusion in Browse all Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of CORE Scholar. For more information, please contact [email protected]. COMETABOLIC BIODEGRADATION OF HALOGENATED ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBONS BY AMMONIA-OXIDIZING MICROORGANISMS NATURALLY ASSOCIATED WITH WETLAND PLANT ROOTS A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy By KE QIN MRes., University of York, 2008 2014 Wright State University i COPYRIGHT BY KE QIN 2014 ii WRIGHT STATE UNIVERSITY GRADUATE SCHOOL JANUARY 12, 2015 I HEREBY RECOMMEND THAT THE DISSERTATION PREPARED UNDER MY SUPERVISION BY Ke Qin ENTITLED Cometabolic Biodegradation of Halogenated Aliphatic Hydrocarbons by Ammonia-Oxidizing Microorganisms Naturally Associated with Wetland Plant Roots BE ACCEPTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF Doctor of Philosophy. ________________________________ Abinash Agrawal, Ph.D. Dissertation Director ________________________________ Donald Cipollini, Ph.D. Director, ES Ph.D. Program ________________________________ Committee on Robert E.W. -
CUED Phd and Mphil Thesis Classes
High-throughput Experimental and Computational Studies of Bacterial Evolution Lars Barquist Queens' College University of Cambridge A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy 23 August 2013 Arrakis teaches the attitude of the knife { chopping off what's incomplete and saying: \Now it's complete because it's ended here." Collected Sayings of Muad'dib Declaration High-throughput Experimental and Computational Studies of Bacterial Evolution The work presented in this dissertation was carried out at the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute between October 2009 and August 2013. This dissertation is the result of my own work and includes nothing which is the outcome of work done in collaboration except where specifically indicated in the text. This dissertation does not exceed the limit of 60,000 words as specified by the Faculty of Biology Degree Committee. This dissertation has been typeset in 12pt Computer Modern font using LATEX according to the specifications set by the Board of Graduate Studies and the Faculty of Biology Degree Committee. No part of this dissertation or anything substantially similar has been or is being submitted for any other qualification at any other university. Acknowledgements I have been tremendously fortunate to spend the past four years on the Wellcome Trust Genome Campus at the Sanger Institute and the European Bioinformatics Institute. I would like to thank foremost my main collaborators on the studies described in this thesis: Paul Gardner and Gemma Langridge. Their contributions and support have been invaluable. I would also like to thank my supervisor, Alex Bateman, for giving me the freedom to pursue a wide range of projects during my time in his group and for advice. -
General Introduction
Physiological Characteristics and Genomic Properties of Nitrosomonas mobilis Isolated from Nitrifying Granule of Wastewater Treatment Bioreactor December 2016 Soe Myat Thandar ソー ミャット サンダー Physiological Characteristics and Genomic Properties of Nitrosomonas mobilis Isolated from Nitrifying Granule of Wastewater Treatment Bioreactor December 2016 Waseda University Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience Research on Environmental Biotechnology Soe Myat Thandar ソー ミャット サンダー Contents Abbreviations ................................................................................................................... i Chapter 1-General introduction .................................................................................... 1 1.1. Nitrification and wastewater treatment system .......................................................... 3 1.2. Important of Nitrosomonas mobilis ........................................................................... 8 1.3. Objectives and outlines of this study ....................................................................... 12 1.4. Reference.................................................................................................................. 12 Chapter 2- Physiological characteristics of Nitrosomonas mobilis Ms1 ................... 17 2.1. Introduction .............................................................................................................. 19 2.2. Material and methods .............................................................................................. -
Characteristic Microbiomes Correlate with Polyphosphate Accumulation of Marine Sponges in South China Sea Areas
microorganisms Article Characteristic Microbiomes Correlate with Polyphosphate Accumulation of Marine Sponges in South China Sea Areas 1 1, 1 1 2, 1,3, Huilong Ou , Mingyu Li y, Shufei Wu , Linli Jia , Russell T. Hill * and Jing Zhao * 1 College of Ocean and Earth Science of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; [email protected] (H.O.); [email protected] (M.L.); [email protected] (S.W.); [email protected] (L.J.) 2 Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, Baltimore, MD 21202, USA 3 Xiamen City Key Laboratory of Urban Sea Ecological Conservation and Restoration (USER), Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China * Correspondence: [email protected] (J.Z.); [email protected] (R.T.H.); Tel.: +86-592-288-0811 (J.Z.); Tel.: +(410)-234-8802 (R.T.H.) The author contributed equally to the work as co-first author. y Received: 24 September 2019; Accepted: 25 December 2019; Published: 30 December 2019 Abstract: Some sponges have been shown to accumulate abundant phosphorus in the form of polyphosphate (polyP) granules even in waters where phosphorus is present at low concentrations. But the polyP accumulation occurring in sponges and their symbiotic bacteria have been little studied. The amounts of polyP exhibited significant differences in twelve sponges from marine environments with high or low dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP) concentrations which were quantified by spectral analysis, even though in the same sponge genus, e.g., Mycale sp. or Callyspongia sp. PolyP enrichment rates of sponges in oligotrophic environments were far higher than those in eutrophic environments. -
APP201895 APP201895__Appli
APPLICATION FORM DETERMINATION Determine if an organism is a new organism under the Hazardous Substances and New Organisms Act 1996 Send by post to: Environmental Protection Authority, Private Bag 63002, Wellington 6140 OR email to: [email protected] Application number APP201895 Applicant Neil Pritchard Key contact NPN Ltd www.epa.govt.nz 2 Application to determine if an organism is a new organism Important This application form is used to determine if an organism is a new organism. If you need help to complete this form, please look at our website (www.epa.govt.nz) or email us at [email protected]. This application form will be made publicly available so any confidential information must be collated in a separate labelled appendix. The fee for this application can be found on our website at www.epa.govt.nz. This form was approved on 1 May 2012. May 2012 EPA0159 3 Application to determine if an organism is a new organism 1. Information about the new organism What is the name of the new organism? Briefly describe the biology of the organism. Is it a genetically modified organism? Pseudomonas monteilii Kingdom: Bacteria Phylum: Proteobacteria Class: Gamma Proteobacteria Order: Pseudomonadales Family: Pseudomonadaceae Genus: Pseudomonas Species: Pseudomonas monteilii Elomari et al., 1997 Binomial name: Pseudomonas monteilii Elomari et al., 1997. Pseudomonas monteilii is a Gram-negative, rod- shaped, motile bacterium isolated from human bronchial aspirate (Elomari et al 1997). They are incapable of liquefing gelatin. They grow at 10°C but not at 41°C, produce fluorescent pigments, catalase, and cytochrome oxidase, and possesse the arginine dihydrolase system. -
Characterization of a Microbial Community Capable of Nitrification At
Bioresource Technology 101 (2010) 491–500 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Bioresource Technology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/biortech Characterization of a microbial community capable of nitrification at cold temperature Thomas F. Ducey *, Matias B. Vanotti, Anthony D. Shriner, Ariel A. Szogi, Aprel Q. Ellison Coastal Plains Soil, Water, and Plant Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, 2611 West Lucas Street, Florence, SC 29501, United States article info abstract Article history: While the oxidation of ammonia is an integral component of advanced aerobic livestock wastewater Received 5 February 2009 treatment, the rate of nitrification by ammonia-oxidizing bacteria is drastically reduced at colder temper- Received in revised form 30 July 2009 atures. In this study we report an acclimated lagoon nitrifying sludge that is capable of high rates of nitri- Accepted 30 July 2009 fication at temperatures from 5 °C (11.2 mg N/g MLVSS/h) to 20 °C (40.4 mg N/g MLVSS/h). The Available online 5 September 2009 composition of the microbial community present in the nitrifying sludge was investigated by partial 16S rRNA gene sequencing. After DNA extraction and the creation of a plasmid library, 153 partial length Keywords: 16S rRNA gene clones were sequenced and analyzed phylogenetically. Over 80% of these clones were Nitrite affiliated with the Proteobacteria, and grouped with the b- (114 clones), - (7 clones), and -classes (2 Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria c a Nitrosomonas clones). The remaining clones were affiliated with the Acidobacteria (1 clone), Actinobacteria (8 clones), Activated sludge Bacteroidetes (16 clones), and Verrucomicrobia (5 clones). The majority of the clones belonged to the genus 16S rRNA gene Nitrosomonas, while other clones affiliated with microorganisms previously identified as having floc forming or psychrotolerance characteristics. -
Supplementary Information for Microbial Electrochemical Systems Outperform Fixed-Bed Biofilters for Cleaning-Up Urban Wastewater
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology. This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2016 Supplementary information for Microbial Electrochemical Systems outperform fixed-bed biofilters for cleaning-up urban wastewater AUTHORS: Arantxa Aguirre-Sierraa, Tristano Bacchetti De Gregorisb, Antonio Berná, Juan José Salasc, Carlos Aragónc, Abraham Esteve-Núñezab* Fig.1S Total nitrogen (A), ammonia (B) and nitrate (C) influent and effluent average values of the coke and the gravel biofilters. Error bars represent 95% confidence interval. Fig. 2S Influent and effluent COD (A) and BOD5 (B) average values of the hybrid biofilter and the hybrid polarized biofilter. Error bars represent 95% confidence interval. Fig. 3S Redox potential measured in the coke and the gravel biofilters Fig. 4S Rarefaction curves calculated for each sample based on the OTU computations. Fig. 5S Correspondence analysis biplot of classes’ distribution from pyrosequencing analysis. Fig. 6S. Relative abundance of classes of the category ‘other’ at class level. Table 1S Influent pre-treated wastewater and effluents characteristics. Averages ± SD HRT (d) 4.0 3.4 1.7 0.8 0.5 Influent COD (mg L-1) 246 ± 114 330 ± 107 457 ± 92 318 ± 143 393 ± 101 -1 BOD5 (mg L ) 136 ± 86 235 ± 36 268 ± 81 176 ± 127 213 ± 112 TN (mg L-1) 45.0 ± 17.4 60.6 ± 7.5 57.7 ± 3.9 43.7 ± 16.5 54.8 ± 10.1 -1 NH4-N (mg L ) 32.7 ± 18.7 51.6 ± 6.5 49.0 ± 2.3 36.6 ± 15.9 47.0 ± 8.8 -1 NO3-N (mg L ) 2.3 ± 3.6 1.0 ± 1.6 0.8 ± 0.6 1.5 ± 2.0 0.9 ± 0.6 TP (mg -
Arxiv:2105.11503V2 [Physics.Bio-Ph] 26 May 2021 3.1 Geometry and Swimming Speeds of the Cells
The Bank Of Swimming Organisms at the Micron Scale (BOSO-Micro) Marcos F. Velho Rodrigues1, Maciej Lisicki2, Eric Lauga1,* 1 Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0WA, United Kingdom. 2 Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland. *Email: [email protected] Abstract Unicellular microscopic organisms living in aqueous environments outnumber all other creatures on Earth. A large proportion of them are able to self-propel in fluids with a vast diversity of swimming gaits and motility patterns. In this paper we present a biophysical survey of the available experimental data produced to date on the characteristics of motile behaviour in unicellular microswimmers. We assemble from the available literature empirical data on the motility of four broad categories of organisms: bacteria (and archaea), flagellated eukaryotes, spermatozoa and ciliates. Whenever possible, we gather the following biological, morphological, kinematic and dynamical parameters: species, geometry and size of the organisms, swimming speeds, actuation frequencies, actuation amplitudes, number of flagella and properties of the surrounding fluid. We then organise the data using the established fluid mechanics principles for propulsion at low Reynolds number. Specifically, we use theoretical biophysical models for the locomotion of cells within the same taxonomic groups of organisms as a means of rationalising the raw material we have assembled, while demonstrating the variability for organisms of different species within the same group. The material gathered in our work is an attempt to summarise the available experimental data in the field, providing a convenient and practical reference point for future studies. Contents 1 Introduction 2 2 Methods 4 2.1 Propulsion at low Reynolds number . -
Nitrification and Nitrifying Bacteria in a Coastal Microbial
ORIGINAL RESEARCH published: 01 December 2015 doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.01367 Nitrification and Nitrifying Bacteria in a Coastal Microbial Mat Haoxin Fan 1, Henk Bolhuis 1 and Lucas J. Stal 1, 2* 1 Department of Marine Microbiology, Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Yerseke, Netherlands, 2 Department of Aquatic Microbiology, Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands The first step of nitrification, the oxidation of ammonia to nitrite, can be performed by ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) or ammonium-oxidizing bacteria (AOB). We investigated the presence of these two groups in three structurally different types of coastal microbial mats that develop along the tidal gradient on the North Sea beach of the Dutch barrier island Schiermonnikoog. The abundance and transcription of amoA, a gene encoding for the alpha subunit of ammonia monooxygenase that is present in both AOA and AOB, were assessed and the potential nitrification rates in these mats were measured. The potential nitrification rates in the three mat types were highest in autumn and lowest in summer. AOB and AOA amoA genes were present in all three mat types. The composition of the AOA and AOB communities in the mats of the tidal and intertidal stations, based on the diversity of amoA, were similar and clustered separately from the supratidal microbial mat. In all three mats AOB amoA genes were significantly more abundant than AOA amoA genes. The abundance of neither AOB nor AOA amoA genes correlated with the potential nitrification rates, but AOB amoA transcripts were Edited by: Hongyue Dang, positively correlated with the potential nitrification rate. -
Bakterielle Diversität in Einer Wasserbehandlungsanlage Zur Reini- Gung Saurer Grubenwässer
Bakterielle Diversität in einer Wasserbehandlungsanlage zur Reini- gung saurer Grubenwässer E. Heinzel1, S. Hedrich1, G. Rätzel2, M. Wolf2, E. Janneck2, J. Seifert1, F. Glombitza2, M. Schlömann1 1AG Umweltmikrobiologie, IÖZ, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Leipziger Str. 29, 09599 Freiberg, [email protected], 2Fa. G.E.O.S. Ingenieurgesellschaft mbH, Gewerbepark „Schwarze Kiefern“, 09633 Halsbrücke In einer Versuchsanlage zur Gewinnung von Eisenhydroxysulfaten durch biologische Oxidation von zweiwertigem Eisen wurde die Zusammensetzung der bakteriellen Lebensgemeinschaft mit moleku- largenetischen Methoden analysiert. Die 16S rDNA-Klonbank wurde von zwei Sequenztypen, denen 68 % der Klone zugeordnet werden konnten, dominiert. Ein Sequenztyp kann phylogenetisch in die Ordnung der Nitrosomonadales eingeordnet werden, zu deren Vertretern sowohl chemo-heterotrophe Bakterien als auch autotrophe Eisen und Ammonium oxidierende Bakterien gehören. Der zweite Se- quenztyp ist ähnlich zu „Ferrimicrobium acidiphilum“, einem heterotrophen Eisenoxidierer. The microbial community of a pilot plant for the production of iron hydroxysulfates by biological oxidation of ferrous iron was studied using molecular techniques. The 16S rDNA clone library was dominated by two sequence types, to which 68 % of all clones could be assigned. One sequence type is phylogenetically classified to the order of Nitrosomonadales. Both chemoheterotrophic bacteria and autotrophic iron or ammonium oxidizing bacteria belong to this order. The second sequence type is related to “Ferrimicrobium acidiphilum”, a heterotrophic iron oxidizing bacteria. 1 Einleitung und Projektziel die biologische Oxidationskapazität zu optimie- ren. Zur Gewährleistung einer konstanten Pro- Stark eisenhaltige und saure Bergbauwässer aus duktqualität muss die Oxidation sicher be- Tagebaufolgelandschaften bedingen einen erheb- herrscht und gesteuert werden können. Dies er- lichen Sanierungsaufwand. Die konventionelle fordert die Analyse der mikrobiellen Lebens- Reinigung dieser Wässer findet durch pH- gemeinschaft. -
Género Spirillum
GÉNERO SPIRILLUM INTEGRANTES: CONDORI BAUTISTA ROBERTO CONDORI YUJRA MARUJA GARCIA CONDE ANAHI NINETH DOCENTE: Dr. JHON QUISBERT ARUQUIPA MATERIA: MICROBIOLOGIA CARRERA: MEDICINA “Conserva en tu hogar y ocupará tu lugar; el roedor vector de Spirillum puede enfermar del fiebre espirilar”. EL ALTO- BOLIVIA 2013 SINONIMIA O NOMBRES SPIRILLUM MINUS ALTERNATIVOS. AGENTE ETIOLÓGICO Esta enfermedad es conocida como: “Fiebre por mordedura de ratas” (FMR) oRBF DE LA FIEBRE POR (Feverfor Bite of Rats); en Japón se lo conoce como SODOKU(término MORDEDURA DE japonés donde 'so'' es rata y 'doku'' veneno ), es causada por Spirillum minus. Según otros datos se los RATA conoce como: mursu muris “SODUKU, enfermedad febril causada por espiroqueta Spironema (SODOKU) o Spirochaeta morsus murisy Fiebre espirilar. El agente etiológicoprincipalment e es conocida con el nombre Spirillum minus, pero también como Spirillum morsus muris, Spirochaeta muris, Spirochaeta morsus minus, Spirilla morsus minus, Spirillum minor (aunque mal dicha). 1 AGRADECIMENTO Y DEDICATORIA. A NUESTROS PADRES POR SU APOYO INCONDICIONAL. A NUESTRO QUERIDO DOCENTE JHON QUISBERT POR INCENTIVAR LA INVESTIGACION. Y POR SOBRE TODO A DIOS POR DARNOS EL CONOCIMIENTO Y LA SABIDURIA. 2 INDICE INDICE…………………………………………………………………………………………pag.3/4 I. INTRODUCCIÓN…………………………………………………………………….pag.5 II. ANTECEDENTES…………………………………………………………………….pag.6 III. JUSTIFICACIÓN……………………………………………………………………..pag.7 IV. OBJETIVOS………………………………………………………………………………. A. GENERAL…………………………………………………………………………… B. ESPECÍFICOS V. MARCO -
Indications for Enzymatic Denitriication to N2O at Low Ph in an Ammonia
The ISME Journal (2019) 13:2633–2638 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41396-019-0460-6 BRIEF COMMUNICATION Indications for enzymatic denitrification to N2O at low pH in an ammonia-oxidizing archaeon 1,2 1 3 4 1 4 Man-Young Jung ● Joo-Han Gwak ● Lena Rohe ● Anette Giesemann ● Jong-Geol Kim ● Reinhard Well ● 5 2,6 2,6,7 1 Eugene L. Madsen ● Craig W. Herbold ● Michael Wagner ● Sung-Keun Rhee Received: 19 February 2019 / Revised: 5 May 2019 / Accepted: 27 May 2019 / Published online: 21 June 2019 © The Author(s) 2019. This article is published with open access Abstract Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a key climate change gas and nitrifying microbes living in terrestrial ecosystems contribute significantly to its formation. Many soils are acidic and global change will cause acidification of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, but the effect of decreasing pH on N2O formation by nitrifiers is poorly understood. Here, we used isotope-ratio mass spectrometry to investigate the effect of acidification on production of N2O by pure cultures of two ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA; Nitrosocosmicus oleophilus and Nitrosotenuis chungbukensis) and an ammonia-oxidizing bacterium (AOB; Nitrosomonas 15 europaea). For all three strains acidification led to increased emission of N2O. However, changes of N site preference (SP) 1234567890();,: 1234567890();,: values within the N2O molecule (as indicators of pathways for N2O formation), caused by decreasing pH, were highly different between the tested AOA and AOB. While acidification decreased the SP value in the AOB strain, SP values increased to a maximum value of 29‰ in N. oleophilus. In addition, 15N-nitrite tracer experiments showed that acidification boosted nitrite transformation into N2O in all strains, but the incorporation rate was different for each ammonia oxidizer.