William Gammell
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD— Extensions of Remarks E1463 HON
October 26, 2018 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E1463 years of friendship and support. She has been to her current role as Director of Public Health breadth and depth of knowledge. She has a kindred spirit since we first met—she is Nursing at the Yolo County Health and Human taken it upon herself to share her insight by more than a friend, she is family. I am grateful Services Agency, her goal has always been to sitting on various panels whenever the oppor- every day that she is always in my corner. improve the health and quality of life of fami- tunity arises. Ms. Frasier is also active in local Today, as she marks the end of one career lies in her community. Ms . Sutton fulfills many and state-wide organizations. She is a past and looks ahead to new opportunities, I am roles, lending her time and expertise to the President and current Board Member of So- honored to stand and express my deepest Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health Pro- roptimist International of Napa and the Bay thanks to Lyn Caliendo for her many invalu- gram, the Yolo County Infectious Disease Pro- Area Chair for the California Association of able contributions to our community. I wish her grams, the Yolo County Help Me Grow Lead- County Treasurers and Tax Collectors. She is many more years of health and happiness as ership Team, the Child Abuse Prevention a member of the California Associations of she embarks on this new chapter. Council, the Programs Benefitting Children Country Treasurers and Tax Collectors and in- f Workgroup, Resilient Yolo, the American Col- volved with the Government Investment Offi- lege of OB/GYNs Maternal Mental Health Ex- cers Association and California Municipal CONGRATULATING LTC(RET) NICH- pert Workgroup, and the Yolo County Maternal Treasurers Association. -
Free Land Attracted Many Colonists to Texas in 1840S 3-29-92 “No Quitting Sense” We Claim Is Typically Texas
“Between the Creeks” Gwen Pettit This is a compilation of weekly newspaper columns on local history written by Gwen Pettit during 1986-1992 for the Allen Leader and the Allen American in Allen, Texas. Most of these articles were initially written and published, then run again later with changes and additions made. I compiled these articles from the Allen American on microfilm at the Allen Public Library and from the Allen Leader newspapers provided by Mike Williams. Then, I typed them into the computer and indexed them in 2006-07. Lois Curtis and then Rick Mann, Managing Editor of the Allen American gave permission for them to be reprinted on April 30, 2007, [email protected]. Please, contact me to obtain a free copy on a CD. I have given a copy of this to the Allen Public Library, the Harrington Library in Plano, the McKinney Library, the Allen Independent School District and the Lovejoy School District. Tom Keener of the Allen Heritage Guild has better copies of all these photographs and is currently working on an Allen history book. Keener offices at the Allen Public Library. Gwen was a longtime Allen resident with an avid interest in this area’s history. Some of her sources were: Pioneering in North Texas by Capt. Roy and Helen Hall, The History of Collin County by Stambaugh & Stambaugh, The Brown Papers by George Pearis Brown, The Peters Colony of Texas by Seymour V. Conner, Collin County census & tax records and verbal history from local long-time residents of the county. She does not document all of her sources. -
These Are the Names for People Living in Every State
These Are the Names for People Living in Every State bestlifeonline.com/names-for-state-residents By Matt Alderton November 8, 2019 November 8, 2019 Chances are you know most names for state residents: People who live in California are Californians, people who live in New York are New Yorkers, and people who live in Pennsylvania are—that's right—Pennsylvanians. Not every demonym is so straightforward, however. In some states, the nomenclature is gnarly and the parlance perilous. Just try calling someone who resides in Indiana an Indianian, for example. Trust us, it's a mistake you won't make twice. Whether you're a resident, a visitor, or you're just passing through, here's what you should—and shouldn't—call the folks who live in every U.S. state. 1 Alabama 1/51 Shutterstock In Alabama, you can get away with calling people Alabamans or Alabamians, but the latter is preferred. Because college football is religion in the state, you might also hear people called—sometimes dotingly, often disparagingly—Bammers, Barners or Blazers for their allegiance to the University of Alabama, Auburn University, and the University of Alabama at Birmingham, respectively. 2 Alaska 2/51 Shutterstock If you find yourself in Alaska, you can call the people you meet Alaskans. You should also be aware, however, that Alaska is home to many native peoples who wish to be called by their indigenous names—for example, Inuk (singular) and Inuit (plural). Whatever you do, don't call natives Eskimos; although some people are fine with the term, many consider it to be offensive. -
Historical Resources of the Choke Canyon
Volume 1981 Article 22 1981 Historical Resources of the Choke Canyon Reservoir Area in McMullen and Live Oak Counties, Texas; Historical Archaeological Resources of the Choke Canyon Reservoir Area in McMullen and Live Oak Counties, Texas Dianna Everett Center for Archaeological Research Philip A. Bandy Center for Archaeological Research Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/ita Part of the American Material Culture Commons, Archaeological Anthropology Commons, Environmental Studies Commons, Other American Studies Commons, Other Arts and Humanities Commons, Other History of Art, Architecture, and Archaeology Commons, and the United States History Commons Tell us how this article helped you. Cite this Record Everett, Dianna and Bandy, Philip A. (1981) "Historical Resources of the Choke Canyon Reservoir Area in McMullen and Live Oak Counties, Texas; Historical Archaeological Resources of the Choke Canyon Reservoir Area in McMullen and Live Oak Counties, Texas," Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State: Vol. 1981, Article 22. https://doi.org/10.21112/ita.1981.1.22 ISSN: 2475-9333 Available at: https://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/ita/vol1981/iss1/22 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Center for Regional Heritage Research at SFA ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State by an authorized editor of SFA ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. -
Rt Proof Republic of Texas NOT Annexed EB 12-02-07
The Texas republic The Texas republic National Standard 2006 Admiralty flag 2006 For; all Texian American Sovereigns living within one part or whole non-de jure counties that presently are non-chartered corporate counties located within the Texas republic Nation’s geographical jurisdiction and with a declared domicile located within one or part of one of 254 Texas counties or 25 New Mexico counties or 32 Colorado counties or 7 Oklahoma counties or 13 Kansas counties or 3 Wyoming Counties below the 42nd Parallel. Where did the UNITED STATES get its Constitutional authority for attempting the take over of the Texian People’s republic sovereign lands when international superior Treaty laws overrides US Constitutional law? • united States of America organic Constitution • ARTICLE VI, paragraph #2; “This Constitution, and the laws of the United States which shall be made in pursuance thereof; and all treaties made, or which shall be made, under the authority of the United States, shall be the supreme law of the land, and the judges in every state shall be bound thereby, anything in this constitution of laws of any state to the contrary notwithstanding.” Present day: TEXAS RULES OF CIVIL PROCEDURE; RULE 53; SPECIAL ACT OR LAW A pleading founded wholly or in part on any private or special act or law of this State or of the Republic of Texas need only recite the title thereof, the date of its approval, and set out in substance so much of such act or laws as may be pertinent to the cause of action or defense. In the year 1819 an international Treaty of Amity was officially signed by Spain and the United States for the first time setting the jurisdictional geographical boundaries between Spain and the United States. -
Chapter 12: the Lone Star Republic
RepublicThe of Te x a s 1836–1845 Why It Matters As you study Unit 4, you will learn about Texas as a republic. After the creation of the United States from the original 13 colonies, other territories were granted statehood. Only Texas entered the union as a separate and independent nation. The distinctive nature of Texas owes much to its having been a republic before it was a state and to the influence of its settlers. Primary Sources Library See pages 690–691 for primary source readings to accompany Unit 4. Going Visiting by Friedrich Richard Petri (c. 1853) from the Texas Memorial Museum, Austin, Texas. Socializing with neighbors was an important part of community life during the years of the republic. Not all Texas settlers wore buckskin and moccasins as this well-dressed family shows. 264 “Times here are easy… money plenty, the people much better satisfied.” —Dr. Ashbel Smith, December 22, 1837 GEOGRAPHY&HISTORY RICH HERITAGE There are many reasons why people take the big step of leaving their homes and moving to an unknown land— and Texas, during the years 1820 to 1860, witnessed all of them. The newly arriving immigrant groups tended to set- tle in one particular area, since it was easier to work with and live around people who spoke the same language and practiced the same customs. Many Mexicans came north while Texas was still a Spanish territory to set up farms on the fertile Coastal Plains. As A traditional band plays lively German the United States grew, more Native Americans, who had music at the Texas Folklife Festival. -
Notes and Documents the Texas Frontier in 1850: Dr. Ebenezer Swift
Notes and Documents The Texas Frontier in 1850: Dr. Ebenezer Swift and the View From Fort Martin Scott by: CALEB COKER AND JANET G. HUMPHREY The Texas Frontier in 1850 was guarded by a line of army forts ranging from Fort Worth to Fort Duncan near Eagle Pass. With the end of the Mexican War, settlers had begun pushing toward the Texas interior, and troops became available to furnish new towns some measure of protection from raiding bands of Indians. 1 Fort Martin bScott, established between the towns of Fredericksburg and Zodiac in December 1848, was one such military post. The letter reproduced here, from the fort's physician, provides a marvelous glimpse of frontier Texas in 1850. It includes candid descriptions of a farm in Austin, life at the fort, and relationships with the local Indians. Native Americans living in the vicinity of Fort Martin Scott belonged to a number of tribes. The least predictable and most feared, however, were the Comanches. White settlements disrupted their wide-ranging lifestyle and threatened the abundant supply of game. In the mid-1840s their primary tactic was to attack settlers in small raiding parties and then vanish, often taking with them horses and other livestock. These hit-and-run assaults terrorized those on the frontier for decades.2 The Society for the Protection of German Immigrants in Texas had purchased 10,000 acres of forested land just north of the Pedernales River on Barron's Creek in December 1845. By the following May, settlers began arriving from New Braunfels at the town site named Fredericksburg. -
Chapter Five: a Growing Sense of Separateness
H CHAPTER FI v E H a GROWInG sENSE OF sEPARATEnESS Overview Chapter 5: A Growing Sense of Separateness begins at United States to come to Tejas, locations where American the entrance of the Second Floor exhibits and stretches immigrants settled in Tejas, and the changes enacted by through Stephen F. Austin’s jail cell to the Points of View the Law of April 6, 1830. Finally, students will examine Panel. The exhibits in this chapter represent the 1820s evidence that shows how the anger against the Mexican and 1830s — when Tejas was a part of Mexico. At this government grew among the people who lived in Tejas. time Tejanos and Texians began building a political and cultural identity separating themselves from the Mexican Plaster sculpture of sam houston, ca. 1894 courtesy the Briscoe center for american history government. During their visit, students will investigate the university of texas at austin how Stephen F. Austin persuaded immigrants from the Photo by rebecca Kinnison H THE STORY OF TEXAS EDUCATOR GUIDE H CHAPtEr fIVE: A GROwING SENSE OF SEPARATENESS Student Objectives TEKS H Label a map to identify where immigrants from the (tEXAS ESSENTIAL KNOWlEdGE AND sKILLS) United States settled in Tejas and identify the natural § 113.15. Social Studies, Grade 4 resources that were available to the settlers. History 4.2D, 4.2E Geography 4.8A, 4.8B H Participate in a discussion of the challenges of settling Government 4.14B in Tejas and adapting to the Mexican law. Social Studies Skills 4.21A, 4.21B, 4.21C, 4.21D H Write a journal page describing life in Tejas from the Social Studies Skills 4.22A, 4.22C, 4.22D perspective of a young settler. -
Politics and the Texas Revolution, 1836 Introduction Excerpt
1 Politics and the Texas Revolution, 1836 Introduction Texas’s fight for independence from Mexico was an uphill battle from the very beginning. Texians were outnumbered and outmatched by the much more powerful Mexican military, and the province was plagued by quarrels within its own provisional government. Its indecisiveness and questionable military pursuits led Governor Henry W. Smith to disband the council. In response, on January 10, 1836, the council voted to impeach him and appointed an interim governor, but Smith defiantly held his post. This political turmoil occurred during what is widely considered the turning point of the revolution: the siege and fall of the Alamo Mission in present- day San Antonio. After the Mexican army abandoned the Alamo in 1835, Texians took over the outpost, but government and military leaders could not agree on its fate. General Sam Houston ordered Col. James Bowie to strip its resources and destroy it so the fort could not be used by Santa Anna’s advancing troops. Bowie, following the advice of Lt. Col. James C. Neill, disregarded this order, citing the fort’s strategic importance, and instead began to fortify it. By the end of February 1836, Mexican forces had closed in on the Alamo. Smith, a longtime supporter of Texas independence, issued this call to arms in February and, weeks after he had been suspended, signed it as “Governor”: “Fellow-citizens, I call upon you as your executive officer to ‘turn out;’ it is your country that demands your help.” Volunteers went to the Alamo, but their numbers were few. -
Hispanic Texans
texas historical commission Hispanic texans Journey from e mpire to Democracy a GuiDe for h eritaGe travelers Hispanic, spanisH, spanisH american, mexican, mexican american, mexicano, Latino, Chicano, tejano— all have been valid terms for Texans who traced their roots to the Iberian Peninsula or Mexico. In the last 50 years, cultural identity has become even more complicated. The arrival of Cubans in the early 1960s, Puerto Ricans in the 1970s, and Central Americans in the 1980s has made for increasing diversity of the state’s Hispanic, or Latino, population. However, the Mexican branch of the Hispanic family, combining Native, European, and African elements, has left the deepest imprint on the Lone Star State. The state’s name—pronounced Tay-hahs in Spanish— derives from the old Spanish spelling of a Caddo word for friend. Since the state was named Tejas by the Spaniards, it’s not surprising that many of its most important geographic features and locations also have Spanish names. Major Texas waterways from the Sabine River to the Rio Grande were named, or renamed, by Spanish explorers and Franciscan missionaries. Although the story of Texas stretches back millennia into prehistory, its history begins with the arrival of Spanish in the last 50 years, conquistadors in the early 16th cultural identity century. Cabeza de Vaca and his has become even companions in the 1520s and more complicated. 1530s were followed by the expeditions of Coronado and De Soto in the early 1540s. In 1598, Juan de Oñate, on his way to conquer the Pueblo Indians of New Mexico, crossed the Rio Grande in the El Paso area. -
The Ghosts of Mier: Violence in a Mexican Frontier Community During the Nineteenth Century
University of Texas Rio Grande Valley ScholarWorks @ UTRGV History Faculty Publications and Presentations College of Liberal Arts 2019 The Ghosts of Mier: Violence in a Mexican Frontier Community during the Nineteenth Century Jamie Starling The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.utrgv.edu/hist_fac Part of the Latin American History Commons Recommended Citation Starling, Jamie. "The Ghosts of Mier: Violence in a Mexican Frontier Community during the Nineteenth Century." Journal of the Southwest 61, no. 3 (2019): 550-570. doi:10.1353/jsw.2019.0045. This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the College of Liberal Arts at ScholarWorks @ UTRGV. It has been accepted for inclusion in History Faculty Publications and Presentations by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks @ UTRGV. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. 550 ✜ JOURNAL OF THE SOUTHWEST The Ghosts of Mier: Violence in a Mexican Frontier Community during the Nineteenth Century JAMIE STARLING On April 23, 1852, Ramona de la Peña became a widow for the second time when she buried Eusebio García at the Inmaculada Concepción Parish of Ciudad Mier, Tamaulipas. The priest who conducted the burial, Father José Luis Gonzaga García, had ministered to her family over the previous thirteen years and baptized five of the couple’s children. He christened their youngest, Gregorio, about a year earlier. On the day of the burial, the priest wrote a sacramental record that described Eusebio García’s death “in the hands of the Americans” (en manos de los americanos). -
95260-Texian Newsletter
THE TEXIAN The Official Publication of The Sons of the Republic of Texas VOL II NUMBER 7 JULY 2009 Lone Star Chapter #58 Fernland Tour 2009 On May the eighth, a Lone Star Chapter SRT work group readied the grounds around the five historic buildings on the forty acre facility known as “Fernland”. One of the buildings is the Chatham family cabin known as “Bear Bend”. Family history relates that it was one Sam Houston’s favorite places to stay for hunting trips. On May ninth, the Lone Star Chapter #58 and Godfrey Educational Association hosted about 90 invited guests, the Texas Army, DRT members and Fernland supporters to the forty acre compound. Dr. Patrick Nolan, Sam Houston Museum director was the keynote speaker and historian for the tour. Entertainment was provided by reenactments of the Texas Army, music by Godfrey Educational Association, spinning wheel demonstration by Jesse Jones, park volunteer Jane Hilton, food services provided by Holcomb and Williams Realtors bar-b-que volunteers along with many other volunteers and reenactors. PRESIDENT GENERAL’S MESSAGE Are we missing something? a meaningful display to generate interest. Have we as a country, have we as a state always just gone about life and It is difficult for us as individuals to business without any concern for the feel that we can do anything meaningful. meaning of the special days? Do we Actually, it is not easy for organizations, care more about “the bottom line” either. It takes all of us and it takes faith than the reason for these special days? in what we are doing.