REPORT NO 3513000HA-HLV SITE ALLOCATIONS DEVELOPMENT PLAN HABITATS REGULATIONS ASSESSMENT SCREENING REPORT

FEBRUARY 2017 CORNWALL SITE ALLOCATIONS DEVELOPMENT PLAN HABITATS REGULATIONS ASSESSMENT SCREENING REPORT

Final Draft Confidential

Project no: 3513000HA-HLV February 2017

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Remarks Final Draft Issue

Date 24.02.2017

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Project number 3513000HA-HLV

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 INTRODUCTION ...... 1

1.1 BACKGROUND ...... 1

1.2 REPORT FRAMEWORK...... 1

1.3 CONSULTATION ON THE SCREENING ASSESSMENT ...... 2

2 HABITATS DIRECTIVE AND HABITATS REGULATIONS ...... 3

2.1 HABITATS REGULATIONS ASSESSMENT ...... 3

2.2 STAGES OF THE HABITATS REGULATIONS ASSESSMENT ...... 4

2.3 STEPS IN STAGE 1: SCREENING ...... 4

3 DESCRIPTION OF THE CORNWALL SITE ALLOCATIONS DEVELOPMENT PLAN SITES ...... 5

3.1 PLAN OBJECTIVES ...... 5

4 RELEVANT EUROPEAN SITES ...... 16

4.1 EUROPEAN SITES WITHIN ZONE OF INFLUENCE ...... 16

5 SCREENING ASSESSMENT ...... 25

5.1 STEP 1: THE STRATEGY AND MANAGEMENT OF INTERNATIONAL SITES ...... 25

5.2 STEP 2: DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT OR PLAN ...... 25

5.3 STEP 3: INITIAL SCOPING FOR IMPACTS AND EFFECTS ON EUROPEAN SITES ...... 25

6 CONCLUSIONS ...... 58

6.1 STEP 4: ASSESSMENT OF THE SIGNIFICANCE OF EFFECTS ON EUROPEAN SITES ...... 58

6.2 POLICY CONSIDERATIONS ...... 59

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TABLES

TABLE 3-1 SITE ALLOCATIONS DESCRIPTION...... 5 TABLE 3-2 CPIR SITE ALLOCATIONS DESCRIPTION ...... 6 TABLE 3-3 SITE ALLOCATIONS DESCRIPTION ...... 7 TABLE 3-4 SITE ALLOCATIONS DESCRIPTION ...... 8 TABLE 3-5 SITE ALLOCATIONS DESCRIPTION ...... 9 TABLE 3-6 / SITE ALLOCATIONS DESCRIPTION .... 10 TABLE 3-7 ST. AUSTELL SITE ALLOCATIONS DESCRIPTION ...... 12 TABLE 3-8 SITE ALLOCATIONS DESCRIPTION ...... 13 TABLE 3-9 FALMOUTH SITE ALLOCATIONS DESCRIPTION ...... 14 TABLE 3-10 ECO-COMMUNITY SITE ALLOCATIONS DESCRIPTION ...... 15 TABLE 4-1 NATURA 200 SITES WITHIN ZOI OF SITE ALLOCATIONS ...... 17 TABLE 5-1 POTENTIAL IMPACTS ON EUROPEAN SITES AS A RESULT OF THE SITE ALLOCATIONS ...... 25 TABLE 5-2 A - J POTENTIAL IMPACTS AND LIKELY SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS (LSE) ...... 27 TABLE 6-1 POLICY CONSIDERATIONS ...... 60

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1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND

1.1.1 Cornwall Council has prepared a Site Allocations Development Plan Document (DPD) to support the delivery of policies within the Cornwall Local Plan. The purpose of the Site Allocations DPD is to allocate land for a range of uses to support the spatial vision and objectives of Cornwall and the communities they sit within. Sites included for development (‘Site Allocations’) relate to housing growth, commercial growth and enabling infrastructure. In addition, the Site Allocations DPD identifies strategically important employment sites.

1.1.2 Under the requirements of the European Council Directive 92/43/EEC ‘The Habitats Directive’1 and the Council Directive 79/409/EEC ‘The Wild Birds Directive’2 it is necessary to consider whether the Site Allocations described within the DPD may have significant impacts upon areas of nature conservation importance designated/classified under the Directives. Should significant impacts be identified it would be necessary to further consider the impacts of the Site Allocations by way of an ‘Appropriate Assessment’. This process of assessment under the requirements of the Habitats Directive (as transposed into UK legislation by The Conservation of Habitats and Species Regulations 20103: ‘The Habitat Regulations’) is described within this document as Habitat Regulations Assessment (HRA).

1.2 REPORT FRAMEWORK

1.2.1 This HRA screening assessment has been produced for the Site Allocations DPD. This screening assessment, and any subsequent Appropriate Assessment that may be required, will ensure that all HRA-related considerations are fully integrated into the Site Allocations Plan as it is developed.

1.2.2 This report details:

· The HRA process and methodology for assessment; · The sites detailed within the Site Allocations DPD and the relevant European sites within their zone of influence; · The potential impacts upon relevant European sites arising from the Site Allocations Development Plan; · The likely significant effects of the Site Allocations Development Plan; and · Further considerations for the 2015 – 2019 Site Allocations Development Plan.

1 Council Directive 92/43/EEC on the Conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora: http://eur- lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:31992L0043:EN:NOT 2 Council Directive 79/409/EEC on the conservation of wild birds: http://europa.eu/legislation_summaries/environment/nature_and_biodiversity/ev0024_en.htm 3 The Conservation of Habitats and Species Regulations 2010/490: http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2010/490/contents/made

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1.2.3 It should also be noted that an HRA was produced to inform the Cornwall Local Plan. The findings of the Cornwall Local Plan HRA (and subsequent amendments)4 are taken into account, and where appropriate are further developed, in this report.

1.3 CONSULTATION ON THE SCREENING ASSESSMENT

1.3.1 Consultation forms an essential part of an HRA screening exercise. Natural will be formally consulted on the findings of this screening exercise and due regard will be given to their representations within an agreed timeframe. Natural England comments received through an early, informal consultation 15th January 2017 have been incorporated into this document.

4 ‘Cornwall Local Plan Habitats Regulations Assessment’ URS May (2014) and ‘Cornwall Further Significant Changes HRA’ URS (April 2016)

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2 HABITATS DIRECTIVE AND HABITATS REGULATIONS 2.1 HABITATS REGULATIONS ASSESSMENT

2.1.1 Under Article 6 of the Habitats Directive an ‘appropriate assessment’ is required where a plan or project, not directly connected with or necessary to the management of a Natura 2000 site, either individually or in combination with other plans or projects, is likely to have a significant effect upon that site. Natura 2000 is a network of areas designated to conserve natural habitats and species that are rare, endangered, vulnerable or endemic within the European Community. This includes Special Areas of Conservation (SAC) designated under the Habitats Directive for their habitats and/or species of European importance and Special Protection Areas (SPA) classified under the Conservation of Wild Birds Directive for rare, vulnerable and regularly occurring migratory bird species and internationally important wetlands. In addition, candidate SAC (cSAC) are listed and it is a matter of law that pSACs (sites which are proposed in the UK but which are yet to be submitted to the European Commission) are included. It is a matter of Government policy that sites designated under the 1971 Ramsar Convention for their internationally important wetlands (commonly known as Ramsar sites) and potential SPAs (pSPA) are considered. Natura 2000 and Ramsar sites are collectively termed ‘European sites’ in this report.

2.1.2 The requirements of the Habitats Directive are transposed into English law out to territorial water limits (12 nautical miles) by means of the Conservation of Habitats and Species Regulations 2010. The Offshore Marine Conservation (Natural Habitats, &c.) Regulations 20075 transpose the Habitats Directive in the UK offshore marine area (beyond 12 nautical miles). European offshore marine sites require consideration in the HRA process.

2.1.3 Paragraph 3, Article 6 of the Habitats Directive states that:

‘any plan or project not directly connected with or necessary to the management of the site but likely to have a significant effect thereon, either individually or in combination with other plans or projects, shall be subject to appropriate assessment of its implications for the site in view of the site's conservation objectives...the competent national authorities shall agree to the plan or project only after having ascertained that it will not adversely affect the integrity of the site concerned and, if appropriate, after having obtained the opinion of the general public’.

2.1.4 Paragraph 4, Article 6 of the Habitats Directive states that:

‘If, in spite of a negative assessment of the implications for the site and in the absence of alternative solutions, a plan or project must nevertheless be carried out for imperative reasons of overriding public interest… the Member State shall take all compensatory measures necessary to ensure that the overall coherence of Natura 2000 is protected...’

2.1.5 These requirements are implemented in the UK through Regulations 61, 62, 66 and 67 of the Habitat Regulations.

5 SI 2007/1842 - http://www.opsi.gov.uk/si/si2007/uksi_20071842_en_1

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2.2 STAGES OF THE HABITATS REGULATIONS ASSESSMENT

2.2.1 The commission guidance on the Habitats Directive sets out four distinct stages for assessment under the Directive6.

· Stage 1: Screening: the process which initially identifies the likely impacts upon a European site of a plan or project, either alone or in combination with other plans or projects, and considers whether these impacts are likely to be significant.

· Stage 2: Appropriate Assessment: the detailed consideration of the impact on the integrity of the European sites of the plan or project, either alone or in combination with other plans or projects, with respect to the site’s conservation objectives and its structure and function. This is to determine whether there will be adverse effects on the integrity of the site. Specific guidance on this stage is provided in Habitat Regulations Guidance Note 17.

· Stage 3: Assessment of alternative solutions: the process, which examines alternative ways of achieving the objectives of the plans or projects that avoid adverse impacts on the integrity of the European site.

· Stage 4: Assessment where no alternative solutions exist and where adverse impacts remain: an assessment of whether the development is necessary for imperative reasons of overriding public interest (IROPI) and, if so, of the compensatory measures needed to maintain the overall coherence of the European network.

2.2.2 This report presents the findings of the screening assessment undertaken as part of the above- described Stage 1 of the HRA process to establish whether or not the likely impacts of the Site Allocations described with the DPD will have significant effects upon European sites.

2.2.3 The Site Allocations described within the DPD relate to the plan level; the information within this assessment is presented at a higher-tier than would be expected at the project-level. As a result of this, the Schemes brought forward within each Allocations Site may still require their own HRA assessment at the project stage.

2.3 STEPS IN STAGE 1: SCREENING

2.3.1 The European Commission guidance recommends that screening should fulfil the following steps:

· Step 1: Determine whether the plan is directly connected with or necessary for the management of European sites;

· Step 2: Describe the project/plan that has the potential for significant effects on European sites;

· Step 3: Undertake an initial scoping for potential direct and indirect impacts on European sites;

· Step 4: Assess the likely significance of any effects on European sites.

6 Assessment of plans and projects significantly affecting Natura 2000 sites (European Commission, 2001) 7 English Nature (2004). Habitat Regulations Guidance Note #1: The Appropriate Assessment (Regulation 48), The Conservation (Natural Habitats &c.) Regulations, 1994.

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3 DESCRIPTION OF THE CORNWALL SITE ALLOCATIONS DEVELOPMENT PLAN SITES 3.1 PLAN OBJECTIVES

3.1.1 The Site Allocations DPD allocates land for a range of uses to support the spatial vision and objectives of Cornwall and specifically, within ten areas, each of which are described below.

3.1.2 Site Allocations included for development relate to housing growth, commercial growth and enabling infrastructure and necessary mitigation. In addition, the DPD identifies strategically important employment sites (safeguard sites). Employment sites within the DPD are classes B1 (General Business < 235 m2 of floor space), B2 (General Industrial < 235 m2 of floor space) and B8 (Storage and Distribution < 235 m2 of floor space).

Saltash

3.1.3 Saltash is situated on the eastern edge of Cornwall at the lowest bridging point on the Tamar River. The town acts as a gateway to Cornwall and as the main local service centre for many of the smaller settlements surrounding it. Saltash lies across the river from Plymouth and the close proximity of the city bears a heavy influence on the town In relation to specific housing and economic targets, the Cornwall Local Plan Strategic Policies document (LP:SP, Policy 2a) sets out the requirement for the provision of the following over the plan period (to 2030):

· Provision of around 1,200 dwellings for Saltash town in the period up to 2030; and, · Provision of around 6,917sqm of B1a office accommodation and 10,583sqm of industrial space in the Cornwall Gateway CNA.

3.1.4 Table 3.1 and Figure 3.1 provide the location and intention of each Site Allocation within Saltash. Further details are contained within the Site Allocations DPD.

Table 3-1 Saltash Site Allocations Description

Allocation Site Name, Number Description and Size (ha)

Broadmoor Urban Extension Delivery of urban extension within the plan period to create a SLT-UE1 (89 ha) sustainable new neighbourhood of Saltash.

SLT-E1 Stoketon Cross Development permitted for B1, B2 and B8 uses. (allocated employment site) (8.5 ha)

SLT_E2 Saltash Parkway (16.6 Safeguarded for employment uses (B1, B2, B8). ha) The sites represent existing strategically important employment sites, SLT_E3 Moorlands Industrial so are safeguarded in line with Policy 5 of the Cornwall Local Plan: Estate (2.9 ha) Strategic Policies document.

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SLT-E4 Saltash Industrial Estate (5.1 ha) Any new development within the sites should be B1, B2, B8 uses.

SLT-E5 Tamar View (6.9 ha)

Camborne-Pool-Illogan- (CPIR)

3.1.5 -Pool-Illogan-Redruth (CPIR) is located in West Cornwall, adjacent to the A30. Whilst CPIR have distinct and separate identities amongst their residents, these communities form a continuous corridor of urban development, which collectively represents Cornwall’s largest conurbation.

3.1.6 To complement the strategic aims for CPIR, there are a series of localised objectives, which can be seen in the CPIR Town Framework. The Cornwall LP:SP has set the following targets for CPIR:

· To develop 5200 dwellings between 2010 and 2030; and

· To deliver around 80,833sqm of B1a office accommodation and 41,417sqm of new industrial space over the plan period.

3.1.7 Table 3.2 and Figure 3.2 provide the location and intention of each Site Allocation within Saltash. Further details are contained within the Site Allocations DPD.

Table 3-2 CPIR Site Allocations Description

Allocation Site Name, Number and Size (ha) Description

CPIR-UE1 Tolgus Urban Extension (10.8 ha) Site Allocation for approximately 280 dwellings and < 3000 sqm of B1 employment space.

CPIR-E1 Tolvaddon Energy Park (11 ha) Employment (B1 / B2 / B8 uses) delivering approximately 23,400sqm of floor space.

CPIR-E6 Trevenson Gateway (1.5 ha) Site Allocation of 2000 sqm office space and C1 Hotel.

CPIR-E5 Dudnance Lane (6.9 ha) Site Allocation of B1, B2, B8, D1 and D2 business use. CPIR-E2 Barncoose Industrial Estate (10.6 ha) Safeguarded for employment uses (B1, B2, B8).

CPIR-E3 Treleigh Industrial Estate (12.6 ha) The sites represent existing strategically important employment sites, so are safeguarded CPIR-E4 Cardrew Industrial Estate (38.7 ha) in line with Policy 5 of the Cornwall Local Plan: Strategic Policies document.

Any new development within the sites should be B1, B2, B8 uses. CPIR-ED1 Tuckingmill (1.7 ha) Site Allocation for D1 non-residential use (primary school).

CPIR-E7 Station Road (5.1 ha) B1 office use and D1 health centre.

CPIR-R1 Fairmeadow (0.3 ha) Retail Growth within existing built area.

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Bodmin

3.1.8 Bodmin represents one of Cornwall’s largest towns, with a population close to 15,000 and is one of Cornwall’s larger employment hubs, with a number of large industrial estates located on the periphery of the town.

3.1.9 The Cornwall Local Plan sets the following targets for Bodmin:

· To develop 3,100 dwellings between 2010 and 2030; and

· To deliver 22,833 sqm of additional office space and 24,667 sqm of industrial space, creating in the region of 650 jobs up to 2030.

3.1.10 Table 3.3 and Figure 3.3 provide the location and intention of each Site Allocation within Saltash. Further details are contained within the Site Allocations DPD.

Table 3-3 Bodmin Site Allocations Description

Allocation Site Name, Number and Size (ha) Description

Bd-UE2 Halgavor Urban Extension (37 ha) Site Allocation for approximately 770 dwellings.

Bd-UE3 St. Lawrence’s Urban Extension (32 ha) Approximately 780 dwellings.

Bd-UE4 Callywith Urban Village (3.8 ha) 6-7 ha Approximately 650 dwellings and B1, B2, B8 employment space. employment space.

Bd-M1 Castle Street (6 ha) Approximately 150 dwellings, B1, B2 and B8 employment uses with considerations including: At least 50.3sqm of public open space per dwelling. Bd-E1 Beacon Technology Park (6 ha) The site should deliver approximately 3,600 sqm of employment space (use classes B1, B2, B8. Bd-E6 Cooksland Extension (3 ha) The site should deliver approximately 3 ha of employment space (use classes B1, B2, B8. Bd-E2 (Walker Lines / Carminow Road Safeguarded for employment uses (B1, B2, B8). The sites represent existing strategically Bd-E3 (Bodmin Business Park important employment sites, so are safeguarded in line with Policy 5 of the Cornwall Local Plan: Bd-E4 Cooksland Industrial estate Strategic Policies document. Any new development within the sites should be Bd-E5 Callywith Gate B1, B2, B8 uses.

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Helston

3.1.11 Helston is located within West Cornwall and sits within the Helston and Lizard Community Network Area. Helston is a main town and acts as the local service centre to the numerous smaller settlements surrounding it.

3.1.12 Within the Cornwall Local Plan, a series of strategic objectives have been set for Helston Community Network Area with the following targets:

· To develop 1200 dwellings between 2010 and 2030; and

· To deliver around 12,417 sqm of B1a office accommodation and 17,000 sqm of new industrial space over the plan period (to 2030).

3.1.13 Table 3.4 and Figure 3.4 provide the location and intention of each Site Allocation within Saltash. Further details are contained within the Site Allocations DPD.

Table 3-4 Helston Site Allocations Description

Allocation Site Name, Number and Size (ha) Description

He-E2 Tresprison Industrial Park expansion (0.8 ha) The site offers the opportunity to deliver smaller scale employment uses, connected to the existing Tresprison Industrial Park. He-E3 Helston Business Park (7.4 ha) The site should deliver at least 13,000sqm of B1 B2 B8 employment space.

He-E1 Water-Ma-Trout Industrial Estate Safeguarded for employment uses (B1, B2, B8). The sites represent existing strategically important employment sites, so are safeguarded in line with Policy 5 of the Cornwall Local Plan: Strategic Policies document. Any new development within the sites should be B1, B2, B8 uses.

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Newquay

3.1.14 Newquay sits on the north coast of Cornwall and is a large resort town with a resident population of 26,900 that can swell to over 100,000 people in the summer season (750,000 visitors annually).

3.1.15 Within the Cornwall Local Plan, a series of strategic objectives have been set for Newquay with the following targets:

· To develop 4400 dwellings between 2010 and 2030

· To deliver around 27,750 sqm of B1a office accommodation and 30,250 sqm of new industrial space.

3.1.16 Table 3.5 and Figure 3.5 provide the location and intention of each Site Allocation within Saltash.

3.1.17 Further details are contained within the Site Allocations DPD.

Table 3-5 Newquay Site Allocations Description

Allocation Site Name, Number and Size (ha) Description

NQ_H1 Mixed use site comprising approx 280 dwellings and part of the Newquay Strategic Route. Newquay Growth Area 11.6 ha)

NQ-H2 A residential site delivering approximately 860 dwellings. Gusti Veor: Newquay Growth Area (35 ha)

NQ-E1 Safeguarded for employment uses (B1, B2, B8)

Treloggan Industrial estate The site represents an existing strategically important employment site, so is safeguarded. Any new development within the sites should be B1, B2, B8 uses. NQ-M1 Mixed use site comprising approx. 150 Dwellings, retail, commercial space and new Station Quarter (4.05 ha) gateway to Newquay by rail

NQ-M2 Mixed use site comprising approx. 375 Dwellings, B1, B2 and B8 employment, Potential Hendra – Nansledan (15.24 ha) rail halt and part of the Newquay Strategic Route

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Penzance and Newlyn

3.1.18 Set within Mount’s Bay on the south coast of West Cornwall, Penzance and Newlyn act as the service centre for a significant hinterland. Penzance and Newlyn are located on the A30, Cornwall’s main trunk road and Penzance also has the advantage of being the terminus for the mainline railway link with London and the rest of the UK.

3.1.19 Within the Cornwall Local Plan, a series of strategic objectives have been set for Penzance and Newlyn with the following targets:

· To develop 2150 dwellings between 2010 and 2030.

· To support the provision of around 16,083 sqm of B1a office accommodation and 16,083 sqm of B1c / B2 / B8 Industrial space.

3.1.20 Table 3.6 and Figure 3.6 provide the location and intention of each Site Allocation within Saltash. Further details are contained within the Site Allocations DPD.

Table 3-6 Penzance and Newlyn Site Allocations Description

Allocation Site Name, Number and Size (ha) Description

PZ-H1 Longrock, 150 dwellings (7 ha) A residential development that will deliver approximately 150 dwellings representing an extension to the existing community. PZ-H2 Posses Lane (2 ha) A residential site that should deliver approximately 30 dwellings. PZ-H3 Gulval Central 68 dwellings (2.3 ha) Development of approximately 68 dwellings, representing an extension to the existing community. PZ-H4 Trannack 290 dwellings (14.5 ha) Residential development consisting of approximately 290 dwellings, which should be seen as an extension of the Heamoor area. PZ-H5 Polmennor Road 33 dwellings (1.4 ha) A residential development delivering approximately 33 dwellings.

PZ-H6 Joseph’s Lane 16 dwellings (0.58 ha) A residential development delivering approximately 16 dwellings.

PZ-H7 Poltair 50 dwellings (2.3 ha) A residential development delivering approximately 30 dwellings.

PZ-H8 Heamoor 435 dwellings (15.5 ha) A residential development, delivering approximately 435 dwellings.

PZ-H9 St. Clare 120 dwellings and B1a/B1c and D1 A mixed use development delivering space (6.75 ha) approximately 120 dwellings and a health centre; plus delivery of some B1 employment space would be supported.

PZ-H10 Mount Misery (30 dwellings and public open A residential development delivering space 0.95 ha) approximately 30 dwellings and the delivery of a relocated open space.

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PZ-H11 Barn Site, Gulvul (13 dwellings, 0.4 ha) A residential development delivering approximately 13 dwellings.

PZ-H12 Gurnick (1.2 ha 30 dwellings) A residential development delivering approximately 30 dwellings.

PZ-M1 Harbour Car Park (1.2 ha) A mixed use site comprising a combination of retail, office and residential uses; plus D1 and D2 uses will be considered, when ancillary to the overall development. Ground floors uses should be predominately A use class (retail) development and B1a office accommodation; with other uses focused on upper storeys. PZ-M2 Coinagehall Street (1.2 ha) A3-4, B1a, C1, C3 A mixed use site that should deliver a and D1 uses commercially focused mixed use development, which includes B1a office space. PZ-M3 Wherry Town (0.74 ha B1, B2, C1-4, D1-2 A mixed use site that comprises two or more of uses) the following uses: B1 Office uses; C1 Hotel; C3 Residential uses; D1-2 uses. PZ-E2 Stable Hobba (1.26 ha) An employment site that should deliver approximately 5,000sqm of B1 / B2 /B8 employment space. PZ-E3 Sandy Cove (1.6 ha B1, B2, B8 uses) A site that should deliver approximately 6,000sqm of marine related B2 / B2 employment space. PZ-E4 Long Rock East (3.2 ha B1a use) An employment site that should deliver approximately 9,400sqm of employment space (B1, B2, B8), with the majority focused on B1a office space. PZ-E1 Long Rock Safeguarded for employment uses (B1, B2, B8) The site represents an existing strategically important employment site, so is safeguarded.

Any new development within the sites should be B1, B2, B8 uses.

PZ-H3 Bellair (0.6 ha) Approximately 40 dwellings.

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St. Austell

3.1.21 sits in the centre of Cornwall and is the county’s largest town. The area has traditionally benefited from China Clay mining and has a rich industrial heritage. China clay workings, both current and historic are spread in an arc to the north, north-east and north-west fringes of the town.

· The Cornwall Local Plan has set the following targets for St Austell:

· To develop 2900 dwellings between 2010 and 2030.

3.1.22 To support the provision of around 9,750sqm of B1a office accommodation and 12,500sqm of B1c / B2 / B8 Industrial space.

3.1.23 Table 3.7 and Figure 3.7 provide the location and intention of each Site Allocation within Saltash. Further details are contained within the Site Allocations DPD.

Table 3-7 St. Austell Site Allocations Description

Allocation Site Name, Number and Size (ha) Description

STA-M1 Road (5.9 ha, 100 dwellings) A mixed use site delivering approximately 100 dwellings and at least 2,000sqm of B1 office space. STA-M2 Edgcumbe (1.9 ha, 25 dwellings, B1a office A mixed use site delivering approximately space). 25 dwellings and 1,000sqm of B1 office space and highways infrastructure. STA-E3 Par Moor (7.7 ha, B1, B2, B8 employment An employment site delivering B1, B2, B8 space) employment space including at least 4,000sqm of B1a office space. STA-R1 Old Vicarage Place A1, A3, A4, A5 Retail A retail development site delivering A1, A3, uses (0.38 ha) A4, A5 uses; other uses would be permitted on upper storeys. STA-E1 Holmbush Industrial Estate Safeguarded for employment uses (B1, B2, B8) The site represents an existing strategically important employment site, so is safeguarded. Any new development within the sites should be B1, B2, B8 uses.

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Hayle

3.1.24 Hayle is located on the north coast, 7 miles east of Camborne and 7.5 miles west of Penzance. Hayle is located on the A30, Cornwall’s main trunk road with two main line railway stations, one within the town and the other on the outskirts at St Erth.

3.1.25 Within the Cornwall Local Plan, a series of strategic objectives have been set for Hayle with the following targets:

· To develop 1600 dwellings between 2010 and 2030; and

· To deliver 19,083 sqm of additional office space and 19,083 sqm of industrial space.

3.1.26 Table 3.8 and Figure 3.8 provide the location and intention of each Site Allocation within Saltash. Further details are contained within the Site Allocations DPD.

Table 3-8 Hayle Site Allocations Description

Allocation Site Name, Number and Size (ha) Description

H-UE1 Trevassack (39 ha) A residential focused mixed use site, delivering approximately 950 dwellings and approximately 3000sqm of office space. H-E2 St.Erth (3.1 ha) An employment site that should deliver B1 B2 B8 employment space, with a focus on B2 and B8 space. H-E3 Hayle Harbour Employment (3 ha) An employment site to deliver 5360sqm of additional B1 and B2 employment space, as part of the wider outline planning permission for a mixed use site at Hayle Harbour (W1/08-0613). This requirement is in addition to the 2,395sqm of employment space permitted within the site (PA13/00636) H-E4 Griggs Hill (2.3 ha) An employment site that should deliver B1 B2 B8 employment space, with a focus on higher quality B1 space. H-E1 Marsh Lane Industrial Estate Safeguarded for employment uses (B1, B2, B8) The site represents an existing strategically important employment site, so is safeguarded. Any new development within the sites should be B1, B2, B8 uses. H-ED1 Penpol School (1.7 ha) 1.7ha of land adjacent to the existing Penpol Primary School is allocated to enable an expansion of the school and deliver a new vehicular access. H-D1 Direction of Growth (16.7 ha) Direction of Growth for Hayle

H-EM1 East Quay (1 ha) B1 B2 B8 Employment Uses

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Falmouth and Penryn

3.1.27 Falmouth and Penryn are located within West Cornwall, approximately 13 km south of . Falmouth and Penryn are situated immediately on the water at the entrance to the Fal Estuary, which is the world’s third largest deep water harbour. Penryn is situated at the head of the Penryn River and is the home of the Universities of Falmouth and Exeter in Cornwall at the Tremough Campus.

3.1.28 Within the Cornwall Local Plan, a series of strategic objectives have been set for Falmouth and Penryn with the following targets:

· To develop 2800 dwellings between 2010 and 2030 within the two towns; and

· To deliver around 25,750 sqm of B1a office accommodation and 21,667 sqm of Industrial space within the Community Network Area.

3.1.29 Table 3.9 and Figure 3.9 provide the location and intention of each Site Allocation within Saltash. Further details are contained within the Site Allocations DPD.

Table 3-9 Falmouth Site Allocations Description

Allocation Site Name, Number and Size (ha) Description

FP-H1 College /Hillhead (6.7 ha) Approximately 210 dwellings.

FP-M1 Kernick (3.3 ha) A residential development that should deliver approximately 100 dwellings as part of a mixed use development, that also provides a range of employment generating uses. At least 2,000sqm of B1a office space should be delivered as part of the development; this can include the 1,371sqm of office space within the extant permission (PA13/03246) that is located within the north of the site. FP-H2 Falmouth North (14 ha) Approximately 300 dwellings.

FP-H3 Kergilliack (Phase 2) (8.8 ha) Approximately 200 dwellings.

FP-St1 Quarry Car Park (0.7 ha) A development that should deliver approximately 300 units of student accommodation and car parking. FP-St2 Falmouth Road (3.2 ha) A development that should deliver approximately 800 units of student accommodation and a local centre containing services and facilities to serve the occupiers of the development and adjacent neighbourhoods. FP-St3 Arwenack Street (0.5 ha) A development that should deliver approximately 150 units of student accommodation and a car park. FP-St4 Ocean Bowl (0.4 ha, 200 units) A development that should deliver approximately 200 units of student accommodation.

FP-St5 Treliever Direction of Growth (Option) Size – A direction of growth to deliver a student tbc) campus.

FP-ED1 Penyrn Campus Extension (12 ha) A mixed use site that should deliver D1 higher education facilities, plus academic support facilities. Supplementary development will also

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be permitted where it is demonstrated that it supports the University’s activity C1 Student Accommodation and B1 office space. FP-E1 Kernick Road Industrial Estate Safeguarded for employment uses (B1, B2, B8)

FP-E2 Bickland Industrial Estate The site represents an existing strategically important employment site, so is safeguarded. FP-E3 Tregoniggie Industrial Estate Any new development within the sites should be B1, B2, B8 uses.

FP-E4 Ponshardon

FP-E5 Falmouth Warf

FP-E6 Falmouth Docks

Eco-Communities at West Carclaze and Par Harbour/Docks

3.1.30 The LP:SP has identified two areas for development as eco-communities: West Carclaze and Par Docks.

3.1.31 The West Carclaze site is located within the China Clay Community Network Area, which sits at the centre of Cornwall, with the A30 to its north and St Austell to its southeast. The area is characterised by a dispersed collection of villages and hamlets, set within a rural and industrial landscape.

3.1.32 The Par Docks site is located within the , and Community Network Area, on Cornwall’s south coast, approximately 400 m distant from Par.

3.1.33 The following targets have been set:

· To develop 1500 dwellings at West Carclaze, 900 of which between 2010 and 2030; and

· To develop 500 dwellings at Par Docks; of which 300 dwellings should be delivered within the Plan period (to 2030).

3.1.34 Table 3.10 and Figure 3.10 provide the location and intention of each Site Allocation within Saltash. Further details are contained within the Site Allocations DPD.

Table 3-10 Eco-Community Site Allocations Description

Allocation Site Name, Number and Size (ha) Description

ECO-M1 West Carclaze A mixed use development comprising 1500 dwellings; together with B1/B2/B8 employment (220 ha) space; primary school; community space; health centre; small-scale retail use; and public open space.

ECO-M2 Par Docks (26.86 ha) A mixed use development of approximately 500 dwellings, together with employment uses (B1 / B2). A small amount of A1 / A3 / A4 retail use would be supported in principle, as would C1 hotel use.

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4 RELEVANT EUROPEAN SITES 4.1 EUROPEAN SITES WITHIN ZONE OF INFLUENCE

4.1.1 The Zone of Influence (ZoI) is defined by the potential direct, indirect and in-combination impacts arising from the project or plan and the available pathways for those impacts to reach and effect interest features of European sites.

4.1.2 In order to identify all European sites where potential direct, indirect and in-combination effects could reasonably be considered possible as a result of the plan, an initial buffer of 10 km around each Allocation Site was established. This 10 km buffer provides a contextual framework for the consideration of impacts and effects.

4.1.3 This buffer is extended for Penhale Dunes SAC (12.5 km) and Plymouth Sound SAC/Tamar Estuaries Complex SPA (12 km). This follows the initial results of visitor surveys undertaken to inform the Local Plan for European sites where an in-combination recreational impact has been identified. It should be noted that Fal and Helford SAC has also been assigned a ZoI for in- combination recreational impacts; however this aligns with the 10 km buffer previously set for all sites.

4.1.4 A Supplementary Planning Document (SPD) is in production detailing the measures required, at a strategic level, to address the negative effects resulting from recreational use of Penhale Dunes SAC, Plymouth Sound SAC/Tamar Estuaries Complex SPA and the Fal and Helford SAC. It is not expected that significant changes to the ZoIs described will arise on completion of the visitor surveys and once the SPD is finalised. However, this requires confirmation and this HRA will be updated accordingly once the SPD is finalised.

4.1.5 The SPD is expected to be brought forward in two stages, with terrestrial sites (Penhale Dunes SAC) being covered by June 2017 and marine/estuarine sites (Plymouth Sound SAC/Tamar Estuaries Complex SPA and the Fal and Helford SAC) in September/October 2017.

4.1.6 Where a given site is located within the assumed ZoIs described above, it has been ‘scoped in’ to this screening assessment and considered further in Section 58.

4.1.7 Site data for the relevant European sites are summarised in Table 4.1. Data were collated using information contained within Natura 2000 data forms held by the Joint Nature Conservation Council (JNCC)9. Site vulnerability statements were informed by Site Improvement Plans10, Site Conservation Objectives11.

8 It should be noted that in accordance with the zone of influence established for this assessment, the DPD site allocations for Launceston were scoped out for further assessment and Significant Effects are not considered likely. 9 Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC: www.jncc.gov.uk) accessed September 2010 10 Natural England, 2016. Site Improvement Plans. [online] accessed September 2016. 11 Natural England Conservation Objectives complied September 2010

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Table 4-1 Natura 200 Sites within ZoI of Site Allocations

Site Name, Qualifying Feature / Interest Feature Site Vulnerabilities / Key Issues and Threats to Integrity Designation, Size and Code Habitat Species

Conservation Objectives (keyed as CO (i) / CO (ii) / CO (iii) CO (iv)12 and Northern Atlantic wet Marsh fritillary Succession: scrub invasion is a key threat. Maintenance of habitat mosaic and Goss and Tregoss heaths with cross-leaved butterfly (Eurodryas structural diversity is important for overall functioning. Moors SAC, UK heath (Erica tetralix); aurinia). Altered hydrology, in particular to areas of wet heath is a key threat. Pools and 0030098 (816.01 ha) European dry heaths; pool margins should be maintained for Marsh fritillary along with localised and Transition mires and poaching and management of invasive species. CO (i) described in quaking bogs. Nitrogen deposition (air pollution) could result in composition changes over time footnote 10. and as such is a key threat. Recreational disturbance is not currently identified as a key issue. This is reflected in the Cornwall Local Plan HRA13.

12 Ensure that the integrity of the site is maintained or restored as appropriate, and ensure that the site contributes to (achieving Favourable Conservation Status of its Qualifying Features (SAC) / achieving the aims of the Wild Birds Directive (SPA)), by maintaining or restoring: CO (i): The extent and distribution of qualifying natural habitats and habitats of qualifying species; The structure and function (including typical species) of qualifying natural habitats; The structure and function of the habitats of qualifying species; The supporting processes on which qualifying natural habitats and the habitats of qualifying species rely; The populations of qualifying species; and The distribution of qualifying species within the site. CO (ii): The extent and distribution of qualifying natural habitats; The structure and function (including typical species) of qualifying natural habitats; and The supporting processes on which qualifying natural habitats rely. CO (iii) The extent and distribution of the habitats and the habitats of qualifying species; The structure and function of the habitats of qualifying species; The supporting processes on which the habitats of qualifying species rely; The populations of qualifying species; and The distribution of qualifying species within the site. CO (iv) The extent and distribution of the habitats of the qualifying features; The structure and function of the habitats of the qualifying features; The supporting processes on which the habitats of the qualifying features rely; The population of each of the qualifying features; and, The distribution of the qualifying features within the site. 13 Cornwall Local Plan HRA, Significant Changes HRA, February 2016 and subsequent amendments and additions to policy. HRA Cornwall Site Allocations WSP | Parsons Brinckerhoff Cornwall Council Project No 3513000HA-HLV Confidential February 2017 18

Carrine Common SAC, Primary: N/a Maintenance of habitat mosaic and structural diversity is important for overall UK0012795 (45.86 ha) Temperate Atlantic wet functioning. There should be no decline in overall area of habitat or extent of heaths with Erica ciliaris heathland components. CO (ii) described in and Erica tetralix. Succession; scrub invasion is a key threat (grazing management used as control). footnote 10. Secondary: Maintenance of hydrological regime is a key issue. European dry heaths. Public access that results in physical disturbance (trampling), fly tipping, and uncontrolled fires is a key threat. Recreational disturbance is not currently identified as a key issue. This is reflected in the Cornwall Local Plan HRA.

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Fal and Helford SAC, Primary: Sandbanks Shore dock (Rumex Succession: scrub invasion is a key threat. Water quality is a key issue. UK0013112 (6387.8 which are slightly rupestris) ha) Subtidal sandbanks, intertidal mudflats/sandflats, large shallow inlets and bays, covered by sea water all reefs and estuaries are not susceptible to trampling/walkers but are susceptible to the time; abrasion from boating and anchoring and to disturbance from bait digging CO (i) described in footnote 10. Mudflats and sandflats (primarily commercial). Saltmarsh habitat does have some vulnerability to not covered by seawater trampling. Shore dock is theoretically vulnerable but is not in accessible walking at low tide; areas. Large shallow inlets and Recreational canoeing, sailing, diving, rowing, water skiing and windsurfing occur bays; and but the current Fal and Helford SAC Management Scheme considers these are 14 Atlantic salt meadows manageable ; the Management Scheme indicates that the potential for (Glauco-Puccinellietalia recreational impact is less than for commercial activities, the latter of which are maritimae). more of a concern. Access points to the Fal and Helford SAC are limited, with main slipways at Falmouth and , and launching points further up the Secondary: Estuaries; estuary severely limited by the tide. and Reefs The number of sailing boats is limited by the availability of moorings and not affected by an increase in population, but informal access and anchoring of boats away from moorings could affect eel grass and maerl beds. Maintenance of good water and sediment quality are key issues (balance of fresh and saline inputs and avoidance of nutrient enrichment). Maintenance of transition habitats required (sufficient space to allow for managed retreat of intertidal habitats and to avoid coastal squeeze). The site is vulnerable to recreational disturbance, including fishing, bait digging, development of moorings, non-motorised land and water craft, bower boating and sailing, wind and kite surfing, horse riding and walking. The site has been identified in the Local Plan HRA as potentially requiring a strategic approach to mitigation for in-combination effects as a result of recreational disturbance (sub- tidal sandbanks, estuaries, shallow inlets and bays). In-combination visits from residents occupying housing within 10 km is considered likely to result in significant effects.

14 The Fal and Helford SAC Management Scheme (2006) as updated by the Fal and Helford SAC Management Scheme Working Group (2012). The Management Scheme provides a list of operations designed to be a checklist of activities which may need to be subject to some form of management if none already exists, or further measures where actions are already in force. In some cases activities are listed as a precautionary measure to highlight the need to consider their potential impact in the event of a failure of existing practices or changes in management policy, for example fuel bunkering, transfer of chemical cargoes or future increases in moorings. For each operation, its current management has been assessed and future options identified to reduce any potential or actual impacts upon the SAC. After agreement within the Management Forum, some or all of the options for each operation have been put forward into the Action Plan. HRA Cornwall Site Allocations WSP | Parsons Brinckerhoff Cornwall Council Project No 3513000HA-HLV Confidential February 2017 20

Falmouth Bay to N/a Black-throated diver Falmouth Bay to St Austell Bay pSPA is on the south coast of Cornwall, covering St.Austell Bay pSPA (Gavia arcticai) - the marine environment incorporating five shallow, sandy bays; Falmouth Bay, (29403.26 ha) wintering Gerrans Bay, Veryan Bay, Mevagissey Bay and St Austell Bay. It also includes Carrick Roads, an estuarine area which meets the sea between Falmouth and St CO (iii) described in Great northern diver 10 Mawes, and part of the tidal . The river complex areas are part of a footnote . (Gavia immer) - ria system typified by steep sides and slow tidal currents, with subtidal rocky wintering shores and exposed intertidal mud on creeks and river branches. The diversity of marine habitats is reflected in existing statutory protected area designations, Slavonian grebe some of which overlap or abut the pSPA. (Podiceps auritus) - wintering The use of nets, and noise/visual disturbance from vessels in commercial fisheries is a likely issue for the interest features. Loss/damage to supporting habitats from fisheries/anchoring of vessels may also occur. Recreation is not considered likely to be a major threat as a result of the majority of activities occurring during the summer months when interest features are not present. Godrevy Head to St. Primary: Temperate Early gentian Succession: scrub invasion is a key threat (resulting from changes in land Agnes SAC, Atlantic wet heaths (Erica (Gentianella anglica). management). UK0012549 ciliaris Erica tetralix); and Hydrology to maintain wet heath is a key issue. CO (i) described in European dry heaths Nitrogen deposition (air pollution) could result in composition changes over time footnote 10. and as such is a key threat. Agricultural development. Visitor pressure resulting in fly tipping trampling and uncontrolled fires is a key issue. The site interest features of the site are considered by nature to be vulnerable to recreational disturbance, particularly trampling and erosion. However, studies undertaken to inform the Local Plan HRA do not suggest this site is likely to be subject to significant effects as a result of local visits. Lizard Point cSAC, Primary: Reefs N/a Physical loss/damage by smothering, siltation or abrasion. UK0030374 (13988 Toxic contamination by introduction of synthetic or non-synthetic compounds. ha) Non-toxic contamination from changes in nutrient loading, organic loading or CO (ii) described in changes in turbidity. 10 footnote . Changes in salinity (for sea caves only). Biological disturbance by Introduction of microbial pathogens, introduction of non- native species and translocation, or selective extraction of species. Commercial fisheries. Recreational disturbance is not currently identified as a key issue. This is reflected in the Cornwall Local Plan HRA.

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Lower Bostraze and N/a Western rustwort Succession: scrub invasion is a key threat. Leswidden (). Maintenance of adjacent, open habitats free of over-shading vegetation is SAC, UK0030064 required to ensure existing western rustwort population has opportunity to 2.33 ha colonise new sites. Western rustwort is reliant on the availability and proximity of good habitat patches in appropriate condition. CO (iii) described in 10 Motorcycle scrambling is identified as a potential issue. footnote . The interest feature of the site is considered vulnerable to recreational disturbance, however, is inaccessible to the public. Recreational disturbance is not currently identified as a key issue. This is reflected in the Cornwall Local Plan HRA. Marsh N/a Over-winter: Bittern Succession: scrub invasion / succession is a key threat. SPA, UK9020289 (Botaurus stellaris) Maintenance of appropriate water levels (according to the requirements of the 54.58 ha 2% of the GB plant and bird species present) is a key issue. population Eutrophication through diffuse pollution, probably from agricultural sources is a CO (iv) described in On-passage: Aquatic 10 key threat. Water quality is a key issue. footnote . Warbler Recreational disturbance in the form of kite surfing is considered to be a pressure (Acrocephalus at the site (during the winter period October-March). paludicola) 9% of the GB population Primary: Temperate N/a Maintenance of habitat mosaic and structural diversity is important for overall SAC, UK0030065 Atlantic wet heaths (Erica functioning. 115.71 ha ciliaris, Erica tetralix); and Succession: scrub invasion is a key threat. Secondary: European dry Maintenance of: current grazing; and hydrological regime are key issues. The CO (ii) described in heaths 10 HRA for the South West Regional Spatial Strategy identifies this site as one footnote . where water supply and levels are factors required to maintain the site’s integrity. Nitrogen deposition (air pollution) could result in composition changes over time and as such is a key threat. Public access to this site that results in disturbance, fly tipping, and uncontrolled fires is identified as a threat; however, recreational disturbance is not currently identified as a key issue. This is reflected in the Cornwall Local Plan HRA.

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Penhale Dunes SAC, Primary: Fixed dunes Petalwort Impedance of natural dune processes; visitor pressure (e.g. sand extraction, UK0012559 with herbaceous (Petalophyllum visitor trampling impacts, ploughing or conversion to improved grassland); 621.34 ha vegetation; ralfsii); Shore dock hydrological balance; grazing; uncontrolled fires; mechanical beach clearing or Humid dune slacks. (Rumex rupestris); ‘tidying-up’; and scrub invasion are key threats. CO (i) described in and footnote 10. Secondary: Shifting Early gentian Shore dock specifically, requires available habitat through coastal erosion and dunes along the (Gentianella anglica). slumping. shoreline with Ammophila arenaria; and Early gentian vulnerable to competition (therefore change in dynamics from for Dunes with (Salix repens example, increased nutrients). ssp argentea Salicion arenariae). The site is considered vulnerable to recreational disturbance, particularly erosion resulting from horse riders, walkers, and also nutrient enrichment (from dog fouling). The site is identified in the Local Plan HRA as requiring a strategic approach to mitigation for in-combination effects as a result of recreational disturbance. In-combination visits from residents occupying housing within 12.5 km are considered likely to result in significant effects. Plymouth Sound and Primary: Sandbanks Primary: Shore dock Recreation; port development; maintenance dredging are all identified as key Estuaries SAC, which are slightly (Rumex rupestris) issues. UK9010141 (6402.03 covered by sea water all ha) the time; Estuaries; Large Secondary: Allis shad Shore dock specifically, requires habitat created through coastal erosion and shallow inlets and bays; (Alosa alosa) slumping. CO (i) described in Reefs; Atlantic salt footnote 10. meadows (Glauco- Maintenance of hydrological balance and in particular ‘good water quality’ is a key Puccinellietalia issue (unpolluted and absence of nutrient enrichment and maintenance of maritimae). freshwater input/balance of saline input).

Secondary: Mudflats and The loss of natural coastal processes and dynamics is a key threat (coastal sand-flats not covered by squeeze). seawater at low tide. The site is considered vulnerable to recreational disturbance, in particular, bait digging and crab tiling. In addition, private anchoring on seagrass may be an issue.

Identified in the Local Plan HRA as requiring a strategic approach to mitigation for in-combination effects as a result of recreational disturbance. In-combination visits from residents occupying housing within 12 km are considered to result in significant effects.

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Polruan to Polperro Vegetated sea cliffs of Shore dock )Rumex Impediment to management, inappropriate scrub control and under-grazing are all SAC, UK0030241 the Atlantic and Baltic rupestris) identified as pressures to the integrity of the site. (213.39 ha) coasts Water pollution, invasive species and air pollution (nitrogen deposition) are also identified as key threats to the site. CO (i) described in European dry heaths Recreational disturbance is not currently identified as a key issue. This is footnote 10. reflected in the Cornwall Local Plan HRA. SAC, Primary: European dry Primary: Bullhead Maintenance of natural structure; flow regime; and conservation of water quality UK0030056 (621.17 heaths; Old sessile oak (Cottus gobio); Otter for fish spawning and access for migration are key issues. Changes in coastal ha) woods (Ilex Blechnum) in (Lutra lutra); and levels, water flow, water abstraction, water pollution, and agricultural run-off and the British Isles; and Secondary: Atlantic tourism impacts associated with the River Camel Trail are key sensitivities. Water Alluvial forests (Alnus salmon (Salmo salar). quality is a key issue. CO (i) described in glutinosa, Fraxinus The HRA for the South West Regional Spatial Strategy identifies this site as one footnote 10. excelsior) (Alno-Padion, where water supply and levels are factors required to maintain the site’s integrity. Alnion) incanae, Salicion Recreational disturbance is not currently identified as a key issue. This is albae) reflected in the Cornwall Local Plan HRA. N/a Western rustwort Maintenance of adjacent, open habitats free of over-shading vegetation is SAC, UK0030282 (Marsupella required to ensure existing Western rustwort population has opportunity to (0.61 ha) profunda). colonise new sites. Western rustwort is reliant on the availability and proximity of good habitat patches in appropriate condition. CO (iv) described in 10 Succession; scrub invasion is a key threat (management of existing sites includes footnote . the manual control of scrub (willow and gorse), heathers and grasses. Recreational disturbance is not currently identified as a key issue. This is reflected in the Cornwall Local Plan HRA. Tamar Estuaries N/a Over-winter: Avocet Recreation; port development; maintenance dredging are all identified as key Complex, SPA, (Recurvirostra issues. UK9010141 (1955 ha) avosetta) (Western Europe/Western Shore dock specifically, requires habitat created through coastal erosion and CO (iv) described in Mediterranean - slumping. footnote 10. breeding) - 15.8% of the GB population Maintenance of hydrological balance and in particular ‘good water quality’ is a key issue (unpolluted and absence of nutrient enrichment and maintenance of On-passage Little freshwater input/balance of saline input). Egret: (Egretta garzetta) at least The loss of natural coastal processes and dynamics is a key threat (coastal 9.3% of the GB squeeze). population Identified in the Local Plan HRA as requiring a strategic approach to mitigation for in-combination effects as a result of recreational disturbance. In-combination visits from residents occupying housing within 12 km are considered to result in significant effects. HRA Cornwall Site Allocations WSP | Parsons Brinckerhoff Cornwall Council Project No 3513000HA-HLV Confidential February 2017 24

The Lizard SAC, Primary: Mediterranean N/a Uncontrolled fire is a key threat as is habitat fragmentation and invasive species. UK0012799 (13988 temporary ponds; Dry ha) Atlantic coastal heaths The site is vulnerable to air quality changes, water pollution, siltation, abrasion (Erica vagans) and smothering (resulting for instance from fishing) as well as toxic and non-toxic CO (ii) described in contamination (nutrient-related resulting from for instance, shipping). footnote 10. Secondary: Vegetated sea cliffs of the Atlantic The site is not identified as requiring a strategic approach to mitigation for in- and Baltic coasts; combination effects. This is also reflected in the Local Plan.’ Hard oligo-mesotrophic waters with benthic vegetation of Chara spp.; Northern Atlantic wet heaths with cross-leaved heath; European dry heaths SAC, European dry heaths Western rustwort Succession: scrub invasion is a key threat. UK0012604 (5.21 ha) (Marsupella Maintenance of adjacent, open habitats free of over-shading vegetation is profunda). required to ensure existing western rustwort population has opportunity to CO (iii) described in colonise new sites. At this site suitable habitat does not occur throughout the footnote 10. quarry and so management of area of existing population key. The site is not identified as requiring a strategic approach to mitigation for in- combination effects. This is also reflected in the Local Plan.’

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5 SCREENING ASSESSMENT 5.1 STEP 1: THE STRATEGY AND MANAGEMENT OF INTERNATIONAL SITES

5.1.1 This stage considers whether the Cornwall Site Allocations are directly connected with or necessary to the management of the European sites listed. Within this context ‘directly’ means that the plan is solely conceived for the conservation management of a site or group of sites and ‘management’ refers to the management measures required in order to maintain in favourable condition the features for which the European site has been designated.

5.1.2 The Cornwall Site Allocations are neither directly connected with, nor necessary for, the management of any of the European sites listed. As such it is clear that further consideration of the plan by way of a HRA screening assessment is required.

5.2 STEP 2: DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT OR PLAN

5.2.1 A description of the Cornwall Site Allocations is provided in Section 3 of this document.

5.3 STEP 3: INITIAL SCOPING FOR IMPACTS AND EFFECTS ON EUROPEAN SITES

5.3.1 Development of the site allocations in proximity to European sites has the potential to result in a number of short- and long-term impacts, as detailed in Table 5.1 below.

Table 5-1 Potential Impacts on European Sites as a Result of the Site Allocations

Impact Development actions and activities Direct Habitat Loss and Fragmentation (of • Direct land take. European site or functionally linked habitat) • Land take of supporting, functionally linked habitats. • Introduction of barriers to migration of key species due to physical obstruction or disturbance effect. Changes to Water Resources/flow and quality • Sewage and industrial effluent discharges from new developments. • Abstraction to secure water supplies for planned growth. • Land drainage to enable development. • Piling to support development. • Flood and coastal risk management development (for example, implementation of new flood defences). Coastal Squeeze • Development in locations that would compromise natural processes or managed retreat projects. Changes to Air quality • Increase in atmospheric pollutants including dust and nitrogen deposition. Recreational Pressure • Recreational pressures resulting in increased visits causing for example, trampling of interest features, eutrophication and disturbance (from for example, dog walking). Disturbance • Construction and operation in proximity to sensitive features may result in disturbance impacts (noise, lighting, and vibration, visual).

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5.3.2 Taking into account the specific vulnerabilities, issues and threats for each European site within the ZoI (identified and described in Table 4.2), an assessment has been made as to whether any of the impacts described in Table 5.1 might arise as a result of the implementation of the Site Allocations DPD. The results of this screening assessment are summarised in Table 5.2. Where insufficient detail is available, potential development requirements are described and considered assumptions are made regarding likely impacts.

5.3.3 It should be noted that coastal squeeze has been discounted for all Site Allocations due to their locations (none are located in areas that would affect the natural processes of European sites or proposed managed retreat areas).

In Combination Impacts and Effects on European Sites)

5.3.4 Table 5.1 above outlines (at a strategic level) the broad types of effects that may arise from the implementation of other policies, plans and projects and which have the potential to act in- combination with the Site Allocations.

5.3.5 In accordance with the process for consideration of in-combination effects in HRA, if it is determined as part of the screening provided in Table 5.2 below, that the Site Allocations would not have any effect at all on a European Site, then no further in-combination assessment would be considered necessary. However, if it is assessed that the Site allocations would not have an effect alone, but a pathway exists and there might be an effect in-combination, further assessment would be carried out.

5.3.6 As demonstrated in Table 5.2 below, the pathways considered for in-combination effects relate to changes to air quality, recreational pressure, and changes to water quality/flow as a result of discharge from sewage treatment works. All of these pathways/impacts and the potential for in- combination effects on European sites have been considered in detail in the Local Plan HRA with specific regard to the level of in-combination development proposed within the period of the Local Plan. This assessment is not repeated here; however, the results, where appropriate, are referenced below.

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Table 5-2 a - j Potential Impacts and Likely Significant Effects (LSE) – Refer to Table 5.3 for Resultant Policy Considerations

5.2a Saltash Allocations

SALTASH Location in Possible Impacts and Likely Significant Effects Arising from Site Allocation relation to Nature Site Allocation Habitat Loss/ Noise and Air Quality Recreational Disturbance 2000 Site(s) in Water Quality / Visual Degradation/ Vibration (Emissions – (for housing development) ZoI Flow Disturbance Fragmentation Disturbance Deposition /Dust)

SLT-UE1: Tamar Estuaries No direct loss of It is considered unlikely that LSE will arise as a result of noise/vibration or visual Tamar Estuaries and Broadmoor Complex SPA is SPA/SAC habitat disturbance at a distance > 500 m from the SPA/SAC during construction or Plymouth Sound Estuaries Urban Extension located to the will occur. operation either alone or in-combination. have been identified as (1200 dwellings north-east and The landscape In addition, with the incorporation of construction best-practice measures vulnerable to recreational and minor south-west of SLT- 17 disturbance (refer to Table within which SLT- implemented through a Construction Environmental Management Plan (CEMP) 22 infrastructure UE1. Its closest UE1 is situated is there are unlikely to be any construction-related pollution impacts (air/water 4.2) . improvement point is to the 15 immediately quality/water flow) alone or in-combination. SLT-UE1 is to bring forward schemes ). north 639m distant connected to 1200 dwellings within the 10 from SLT-UE1. Surface water drainage is to be designed in accordance with the Sustainable Urban Site is situated Saltash and is Drainage principles and standards set out in the Drainage Guidance for Cornwall18 km ZoI identified as on largely arable Plymouth Sound bounded by A- with appropriate discharge consents and monitoring. This will include specific significant for the SAC in land with Estuaries SAC is Roads. measures to prevent surface water drainage resulting in water quality and flow terms of in-combination local woodland fringe located at its Due to its location impacts at the SAC/SPA, hence it is considered unlikely that there will be LSE as a resident visits (refer to immediately to closest point, 529 outside of estuary result of reduced water quality due to run off during operation either alone or in- Section 4). the west of m north east of corridors SLT-UE1 combination. Therefore, although there is Saltash. SLT-UE1. is not considered South West Water (SWW) has assessed that “Flow from the development included unlikely to be LSE through Site is bounded Refer to Figure 3.1 likely to be of in the annual spill volume from Riverview Sewage Pumping Station Combined this pathway as a result of by A-roads. particular Sewage Outfall (CSO) is predicted to increase by 123%; therefore measures are the site allocation alone, it is importance to the required to mitigate for the increase in spills” in-combination with other development, not possible to rule out LSE qualifying features during operation. SWW conclude that with the implementation of an in-situ storage as a result of in-combination of the SPA. tank to receive flows from the development and then drain (with a controlled outflow) recreational disturbance. No loss of to Ernesettle Sewage Treatment Works (STW) there will be no CSO discharges into An Appropriate Assessment the Tamar and as such no LSE as a result of decreased water quality through this supporting habitat 19 has been carried out (refer or fragmentation pathway . The design will need to be approved by the Council and in place prior to to Appendix 1). Natural will therefore the development being operational to ensure no likely significant effects arise at the England and Cornwall occur16. SPA/SAC. Council have agreed that

15 Where infrastructure schemes are described as brought forward as part of this allocation they are included in the assessment. In addition, these Schemes have been assessed separately in the Connecting Cornwall Implementation Plan 2015 – 2019. 16 Natural England’s Regulation 33 report for the European Marine Site lists those supporting habitats whose preservation is essential for the integrity of the avocet and little egret populations within the SPA. HRA Cornwall Site Allocations WSP | Parsons Brinckerhoff Cornwall Council Project No 3513000HA-HLV Confidential February 2017 28

The SAC is located within 200 m20 of the A38 (an affected road)21. Although it is recreational disturbance at considered that there would be no significant effect alone, analysis carried out for the the SAC and SPA could be Cornwall Local Plan HRA identified that changes in flow on roads within 200 m of the adequately mitigated SAC can be expected as a result of in-combination development described in the through the payment of a Local Plan (for which this allocation forms part). However, it has been demonstrated financial contribution that nitrogen deposition will not exceed critical loads and the total cumulative NOx towards the delivery of the concentrations will remain below the actual critical level where an adverse effect on Tamar Estuaries vegetation may potentially occur. As such, it is considered there will be no LSE. Management Plan, managed by the Tamar Estuaries Consultative Forum. A proportional contribution is to be secured for SLT-UE1 (based on the 2007 Sherford methodology) and will be used to fund a range of mitigation measures across the SAC/SPA. Details are provided in Appendix 1. It was concluded that with the implementation of the mitigation proposed, there will be no LSE.

17 Refer to Appendix 2 for outline of CEMP contents. 18 Version 2, January 2010. 19 Described in the Habitats Regulations Assessment Screening Report for Broadmoor Farm, Saltash (refer to Appendix 1). 22 As a result of visitor and disturbance studies undertaken 2015 - 2016, ZoIs have been determined for the consideration of in-combination recreational disturbance for Penhale Dunes SAC (12.5 km), Fal and Helford SAC (10 km), Plymouth Sound and Estuaries SAC (10 km) and Tamar Estuaries Complex SPA (12 km). Cornwall Council will not accept residential development and student and tourist accommodation within these ZoIs, without appropriate mitigation. A strategic solution to mitigation is being developed which will include visitor management, developer contributions and green space requirements for new development. A Supplementary Planning Document (SPD) is currently being produced, based on the findings of a recreation impacts study, setting out the required mitigation for each relevant European site. 20 In accordance with Department of Transport’s Transport Analysis Guidance www.webtag.org.uk/archive/feb04/pdf/feb04-333.pdf, consideration is given to the potential for increases in emissions to result in LSE where an affected road falls within 200 m of a European site. Beyond 200 m, the contribution of vehicle emissions from the roadside to local pollution levels is not considered significant. 21 An affected road is one which, due to an increase in traffic flow, will require air quality calculations in order to rule out a significant effect. In accordance with Design Manual for Roads and Bridges, Volume 11 Environmental Assessment, Section 3, Part 1: Air Quality. HRA Cornwall Site Allocations WSP | Parsons Brinckerhoff Cornwall Council Project No 3513000HA-HLV Confidential February 2017 29

SALTASH Location in Possible Impacts and Likely Significant Effects Arising from Site Allocation relation to Nature Site Allocation Habitat Loss/ Noise and Air Quality Recreational Disturbance 2000 Site(s) in Water Quality / Visual Degradation/ Vibration (Emissions – (for housing development) ZoI Flow Disturbance Fragmentation Disturbance Deposition /Dust)

SLT_E1: Tamar Estuaries No direct habitat It is considered unlikely that significant effects will arise during construction or No pathway identified Stoketon Cross Complex SPA is loss will occur. operation as a result of noise/vibration or visual disturbance at a distance > 650 m through the development of Employment located to the from the SPA/SAC alone or in-combination. In addition, with the incorporation of an employment site at this No loss of construction best-practice measures implemented through a CEMP there are Site and minor north-east and supporting habitat distance from vulnerable infrastructure south-west of unlikely to be any construction-related pollution impacts (air/water quality/water flow) European sites. or fragmentation alone or in-combination. (refer to footnote SLT2. Its closest will occur. 15). point is to the Surface water drainage is to be designed in accordance with the Sustainable Urban north at 1862m. There will be no Drainage principles and standards set out in the Drainage Guidance for Cornwall Site is situated loss of areas of with appropriate discharge consents and monitoring. This will include specific on 8.5 ha of Plymouth Sound land/habitats measures to prevent surface water drainage resulting in water quality and flow existing Estuaries SAC is outside the SPA impacts at the SAC/SPA, hence it is considered unlikely that there will be LSE as a industrial and located at its boundary that are result of reduced water quality due to run off during operation either alone or in- arable with closest point, 674 identified as being combination. Designs will need to be approved by the Council and in place prior to areas of m north east of of particular development being operational. grassland with SLT2. importance to the woodland fringe Sewage is piped across the Tamar Bridge for treatment in at Ernesettle, on the edge Refer to Figure 3.1 qualifying species of Plymouth. The growth planned for Saltash, combined with the growth for Plymouth to the west of and as such no Saltash. is likely to exceed treatment capacity at Ernesettle in the medium term; plus pipe degradation of the capacity across the Tamar may also be exceeded. SWW is investigating the Site is SPA. delivery of a new treatment works on the edge of Saltash, which will have a 3-4 year immediately lead in time. SWW has indicated that a new facility would be a regulated investment; adjacent to the as a result no developer contributions are expected. To ensure no LSE, no A38 and B3271. development will be permitted prior to confirmation that the allocation can be accommodated within the headroom of existing treatment works or prior to provision of appropriate upgrades/new facilities. As described for SLT1, air quality impacts are unlikely to be significant alone. Air quality modelling undertaken for the Local Plan has demonstrated that the total cumulative NOx concentrations for the local plan period will remain below the actual critical level where an adverse effect on vegetation at the SAC may potentially occur and as such significant in-combination air quality impacts will also not materialise.

HRA Cornwall Site Allocations WSP | Parsons Brinckerhoff Cornwall Council Project No 3513000HA-HLV Confidential February 2017 30

SALTASH Location in Possible Impacts and Likely Significant Effects Arising from Site Allocation relation to Nature Site Allocation Habitat Loss/ Noise and Air Quality Recreational Disturbance 2000 Site(s) in Water Quality / Visual Degradation/ Vibration (Emissions – (for housing development) ZoI Flow Disturbance Fragmentation Disturbance Deposition /Dust)

SLT-E2 – SLT- The closest of No pathway identified through the safeguarding of existing employment sites (without new construction). E5: these three sites is Safeguarded situated 349 m employment from Tamar Sites. estuaries SPA and Sites SLT-E2 – 278 m from SLT-E5 situated Plymouth Sound & on existing Estuaries SAC. industrial to the Refer to Figure 3.1 south of A38. SLT-E5 is to the north of the A38. There is a lack of space for additional growth and as such, any new development would replace an existing unit. In addition, SLTE2 – E4 are located south of the A38, which forma a significant physical barrier between the allocations and the European sites.

HRA Cornwall Site Allocations WSP | Parsons Brinckerhoff Cornwall Council Project No 3513000HA-HLV Confidential February 2017 31

5.2b Helston Allocations

HELSTON Location in Possible Impacts and Likely Significant Effects Arising from Site Allocation relation to Nature Site Allocation Habitat Loss/ Noise and Air Quality Recreational Disturbance 2000 Site(s) in Water Quality / Visual Degradation/ Vibration (Emissions – (for housing development) ZoI Flow Disturbance Fragmentation Disturbance Deposition /Dust)

He-E2 SAC No direct habitat With the distance of > 3500 m from the nearest European site, it is considered No pathway identified Tresprison 4959 m; Fal and loss will occur. unlikely that there would be any construction-related pollution impacts (air/water through the development of Industrial Park Helford SAC 3757 No loss of quality/water flow) or noise/vibration or visual disturbance either alone or in- employment sites. expansion (0.8 m; Lizard Point supporting habitat combination. ha). SAC 5080 m; or fragmentation It is considered unlikely that significant effects will arise during operation as a result Tregonning Hill Located east and will occur (sites of noise/vibration or visual disturbance at a distance > 3500 m either alone or in- SAC 7304 m; situated on combination. south of Helston Falmouth Bay to on area of improved The Fal and Helford SAC is identified as being vulnerable to water-pollution related St. Austell Bay grassland/arable > Improved pSPA 9272 m. impacts. In addition, the Helford River is highly nutrient enriched and is failing in grassland/arable 3500 m distant. terms of the Water Framework Directive (WFD) criteria for dissolved inorganic immediately south Refer to Figure 3.4 nitrogen23. Surface water drainage is to be designed in accordance with the of A394. Sustainable Urban Drainage principles and standards set out in the Drainage Guidance for Cornwall with appropriate discharge consents and monitoring. This He-E3 The Lizard SAC will include specific measures to prevent surface water drainage resulting in water Helston Business 4682 m; Fal and quality and flow impacts at the SAC. To ensure no LSE as a result of reduced water Park (7.4 ha). Helford SAC 3825 quality due to run off during operation either alone or in-combination, designs will m; Lizard Point Located need to be approved by the Council and in place prior to development being SAC 4694 m; operational. SWW has confirmed that the levels of development envisaged within the immediately south Tregonning Hill of Helston and Local Plan can be accommodated within Helford STW up to 2020 when capacity will SAC 7001 m; need to be increased by the provision of upgrades to the existing facility. To ensure adjacent to A394 Falmouth Bay to on improved that no in-combination water quality effects materialise, no development will be St. Austell Bay permitted prior to confirmation that the allocation can be accommodated within the grassland/arable pSPA 9238 m. land. existing treatment works or prior to provision of appropriate upgrades/new facilities. Refer to Figure As assessed through the Cornwall Local Plan HRA, although the A390 is situated 3.4. within 200 m of the Fal and Helford SAC, the A390 is not considered to be an ‘affected road’ and no LSE will arise as a result of changes to air quality alone or in- combination.

23 Site Improvement Plan for the Fal and Helford SAC, Natural England 2014 HRA Cornwall Site Allocations WSP | Parsons Brinckerhoff Cornwall Council Project No 3513000HA-HLV Confidential February 2017 32

HELSTON Location in Possible Impacts and Likely Significant Effects Arising from Site Allocation relation to Nature Site Allocation Habitat Loss/ Noise and Air Quality Recreational Disturbance 2000 Site(s) in Water Quality / Visual Degradation/ Vibration (Emissions – (for housing development) ZoI Flow Disturbance Fragmentation Disturbance Deposition /Dust)

He-E1 The Lizard SAC No pathway identified through the safeguarding of existing employment sites (without new construction). Water-ma-Trout 6270 m Industrial Estate Fal and Helford Safeguarded SAC 4670 m employment Lizard Point SAC Sites. 6121 m Located within Tregonning Hill existing SAC 6000 m industrial area to the north of Refer to Figure 3.4 Helston west of B3297.

HRA Cornwall Site Allocations WSP | Parsons Brinckerhoff Cornwall Council Project No 3513000HA-HLV Confidential February 2017 33

5.2c CPIR Allocations

CPIR Location in Possible Impacts and Likely Significant Effects Arising from Site Allocation relation to Nature Site Allocation Habitat Loss/ Noise and Water Recreational Disturbance (for 2000 Site(s) in Air Quality (Emissions – Visual Degradation/ Vibration Quality / housing development) ZoI Deposition /Dust) Disturbance Fragmentation Disturbance Flow

CPIR-UE1: Godrevy Head to As a result of > No pathway It is considered unlikely that significant No pathway Godrevy Head to St. Agnes SAC is Tolgus Urban St. Agnes SAC: 5000 m distance identified to effects as a result of air quality impacts or identified to vulnerable to recreational pressures Extension 280 5659 m. between Godrevy interest water flow will arise during construction or interest due to the nature of the interest features. operation at > 5000 m either alone or in- features. dwellings and < Refer to Figure 3.2 Head to St. Agnes features - heathland and early 3000 sqm B1 SAC and combination. Water quality is also unlikely genetian. However, a change in the employment development there to be affected during construction due to existing management regime is space, minor will be no direct lack of direct hydrological connectivity considered to be the primary catalyst infrastructure. habitat loss. In (significant barriers and distance are required to maintain a healthy addition there present). population of early gentian, with Site Allocation Godrevy Head to St. Agnes SAC is not situated on would be no reducing the impacts of atmospheric fragmentation, located < 200 m of a major road and nitrogen being of most significance for arable land therefore air quality impacts alone or in- 24 between the A30 degradation, or the SAC’s heathland habitats . loss of supporting combination are not considered likely. In and A3047. addition, the allocation is not identified as It is considered likely that visits from habitats at this occupants of housing coming forward distance. within the catchment of a STW currently at capacity or contributing to decreased from this allocation alone would not water quality. SWW have confirmed that result in any additional significant development can be accommodated in the pressures at the site due to the small medium-term with long-term upgrades number of occupants and that they potentially being to meet demand. To would be likely to travel to closer and ensure that no in-combination water more accessible areas of the coast quality effects materialise in the long-term such as and Gwithian. as a result of discharges, no development The results of surveys brought will be permitted prior to confirmation that forward to inform the Local Plan HRA the allocation can be accommodated indicate that local visits are not within the existing treatment works significant beyond 2 km and consents and facilities or prior to provision furthermore that pressures on of appropriate upgrades/new facilities. vulnerable areas of the SAC do not arise as a result of these local visits. As a result, no LSE is identified for this allocation alone or in combination.

24 Site Improvement Plan Godrevy Head to St. Agnes SAC, Natural England 2014 HRA Cornwall Site Allocations WSP | Parsons Brinckerhoff Cornwall Council Project No 3513000HA-HLV Confidential February 2017 34

CPIR Location in relation Possible Impacts and Likely Significant Effects Arising from Site Allocation to Nature 2000 Site Allocation Habitat Loss/ Recreational Site(s) in ZoI Noise and Air Quality Degradation/ Water Quality Visual Disturbance (for Vibration (Emissions – Fragmentation / Flow Disturbance housing Disturbance Deposition /Dust) development)

CPIR-E1: Tolvaddon Energy Park Godrevy Head to St. As a result of > 6000 No pathway It is considered unlikely that No pathway No pathway identified to identified to Employment space (11 ha) Agnes SAC: 6907 m distance between significant effects as a result of identified through m. Godrevy Head to St. interest air/water quality or water flow/run-off interest the development situated to the north of the A30 on features. features. largely arable land. Agnes SAC and the impacts will arise during construction of employment development or operation either alone or in- sites. Refer to Figure 3.2 employment space combination. This is due to > 5000 on industrial or m distance with no direct arable land, it is hydrological connectivity (significant CPIR-E6: Trevenson Gateway Godrevy Head to St. considered likely barriers and distance are present). 1.5 ha of B1 employment space Agnes SAC: 7628 that there will be no m. Godrevy Head to St. Agnes SAC is situated to the south of A30 on fragmentation, not located < 200 m of a major road largely existing industrial land with degradation, or loss and therefore air quality impacts in- some woodland fringe habitats. Refer to Figure 3.2 of supporting combination are also not considered habitats. There will likely. In addition, the SAC is not be no direct habitat identified as within the catchment of CPIR-E5: Dudnance Lane Godrevy Head to St. loss. a STW currently at capacity or 6.9 ha of B1/B2/B8 employment Agnes SAC: 7862 contributing to decreased water development situated to the south m. quality. SWW have confirmed that of the a30 on existing industrial development can be accommodated land. in the medium-term with long-term Refer to Figure 3.2 upgrades potentially being required at the existing facilities to meet demand. To ensure that no in- CPIR-ED1: Tuckingmill Godrevy Head to St. combination water quality effects 1.7 ha of development for Agnes SAC: 8269 materialise in the long-term as a educational use situated on arable m. result of discharges, no development land immediately adjacent to will be permitted prior to confirmation significant existing urban area. Refer to Figure 3.2 that the allocation can be accommodated within the existing treatment works or prior to provision of appropriate upgrades/new facilities. It should be noted that CPIR-E1 has been permitted (at the time of writing) within the STWs existing capacity.

HRA Cornwall Site Allocations WSP | Parsons Brinckerhoff Cornwall Council Project No 3513000HA-HLV Confidential February 2017 35

CPIR Location in Possible Impacts and Likely Significant Effects Arising from Site Allocation relation to Nature Site Allocation Habitat Loss/ Noise and Recreational Disturbance 2000 Site(s) in Air Quality (Emissions Visual Degradation/ Vibration Water Quality / Flow (for housing development) ZoI – Deposition /Dust) Disturbance Fragmentation Disturbance CPIR-E7 The closest of No direct habitat No pathway It is considered unlikely that significant effects as a No pathway No pathway identified identified to identified to 5.1 ha of small- these sites is loss will occur. result of air or water quality or flow/run-off impacts through the development of situated: interest will arise during construction or operation where interest employment sites. scale business No loss of features. features. use on Godrevy Head to supporting habitat there is no direct hydrological connectivity grassland St. Agnes SAC: or fragmentation (significant barriers and distance are present) and surrounded by 6390 m. will occur (site the development in located > 6000 m distant. existing built Carrine Common situated on Godrevy Head to St. Agnes SAC is not located < land. SAC: 9278 m. existing industrial 200 m of a major road and therefore air quality CPIR-R1 land > 6000 m impacts in-combination are also not considered Refer to Figure 3.2 distant with limited likely. In addition, the SACs are not identified as Expanded retail space for within the catchment of a STW currently at capacity growth, additional growth). or contributing to decreased water quality. SWW predominately have confirmed that development can be situated within accommodated in the medium-term with long-term existing built upgrades potentially being required at the existing area. facilities to meet demand. To ensure that no in- combination water quality effects materialise in the long-term as a result of discharges, no development will be permitted prior to confirmation that the allocation can be accommodated within the existing treatment works or prior to provision of appropriate upgrades/new facilities.

CPIR Location in relation to Nature 2000 Site(s) in ZoI Possible Impacts and LSE (Habitat Loss/ Degradation/ Fragmentation, Noise and Site Allocation Vibration, Water Quality / Flow, Air Quality (Emissions – Deposition /Dust), Visual Disturbance, Recreational Disturbance)

CPIR-E2 – E4 The closest of these three sites is situated: No pathway identified through the safeguarding of existing employment sites (without Safeguarded Employment Godrevy Head to St. Agnes SAC: 4731 m. new construction). Sites situated on existing Carrine Common SAC: 8237 m. industrial land. Penhale Dunes > 12000 m Refer to Figure 3.2

HRA Cornwall Site Allocations WSP | Parsons Brinckerhoff Cornwall Council Project No 3513000HA-HLV Confidential February 2017 36

5.2d Bodmin Allocations

BODMIN Location in Possible Impacts and Likely Significant Effects Arising from Site Allocation relation to Nature Site Allocation Habitat Loss/ Degradation/ Recreational 2000 Site(s) in Noise and Air Quality Fragmentation Water Quality Visual Disturbance ZoI Vibration (Emissions – / Flow Disturbance (for housing Disturbance Deposition /Dust) development)

Bd-UE2: 2939 m River Site allocation is situated on Due to distance and lack of direct hydrological connectivity (distance and No European Halgavor Urban Camel SAC. arable land to the south and east significant barriers present), it is considered unlikely that LSE will arise during sites identified Extension 3357 m Breney of, and immediately adjacent to, construction or operation at St. Austell Clay Pits SAC. as being approximately Common and significant existing urban area of It is also considered unlikely, due to distance (and lack of connectivity) that there vulnerable to 770 dwellings Goss and Tregoss Bodmin. will be any construction or operational impacts as a result of water quality/flow or recreational Moors SAC. The A30 is located to the west of construction-related air-quality impacts at Breney Common and Goss and pressures within (37 ha) ZoI. 9958 m St. Austell the site. The site is bisected by Tregoss Moor SAC. Breney Common SAC is located within 200 m of the A30. Clay Pits SAC. the B3268. However, analysis carried out for the Cornwall Local Plan HRA demonstrates that whilst changes in flow on these roads can be expected as a result of in- Refer to Figure 3.3 As a result of the arable nature of the development site, along with combination development, the critical level NOx concentration will not be the distance between the closest exceeded. In addition, the nitrogen deposition rate is calculated using the Local Plan development predictions < 1% of the Critical Load. As such, in accordance European site, and also 25 intervening habitat comprising of with standard guidance there will be no LSE alone or as a result of in- existing urban development, it is combination air quality impacts during operation. considered unlikely that there will It is considered unlikely that significant effects will arise as a result of be fragmentation, degradation, or noise/vibration or visual disturbance during construction or operation at this loss of supporting habitats. distance from River Camel SAC where infrastructure (railway / roads) are There will be no direct habitat loss. present between the allocation site and any potential supporting habitat for the SAC interest features)26. It is also considered unlikely, due to distance, with the Bd-UE4 878 m River Site allocations are located to the implementation of a CEMP (to account for proximity of watercourses to UE2 and Callywith Urban Camel SAC. east and north of Bodmin’s UE4 with potential hydrological connectivity to SAC), that there would be any Village 650 5804 m Breney existing urban area. Located on construction-related air/water quality and water flow impacts at the River Camel dwellings Common and arable land. SAC. Goss and Tregoss As a result of the arable nature of Surface water drainage is to be designed in accordance with the Sustainable Moors SAC. the development site, along with Urban Drainage principles and standards set out in the Drainage Guidance for the distance, and also intervening Cornwall with appropriate discharge consents and monitoring. This will include Bd-M1 Castle 1575 m River habitat comprising of existing specific measures to prevent surface water drainage resulting in water quality Street (150 Camel SAC. urban development, it is and flow impacts, hence it is considered unlikely that there will be LSE as a

25 Environment Agency. 2007. Appendix ASC 1 Environment Agency Stage 1 and 2 Assessment of New PIR Permissions under the Habitats Regulations citing APIS 26 The most sensitive habitats (natal dens) being vulnerable to disturbance > 500 m distant. HRA Cornwall Site Allocations WSP | Parsons Brinckerhoff Cornwall Council Project No 3513000HA-HLV Confidential February 2017 37

dwellings) 5567 m Breney considered unlikely that there will result of reduced water quality due to run off during operation either alone or in- Common and be fragmentation, degradation, or combination. To ensure no LSE, designs will need to be approved by the Goss and Tregoss loss of supporting habitats. Council and in place prior to development being operational. Moors SAC. There will be no direct habitat loss. The River camel SAC is vulnerable to water-quality related impacts, which have Refer to Figure 3.3 been identified as being largely contributed to by discharges from STW. However, infrastructure improvement measures were implemented at Nanstallon Bd-UE3 St. 437 m River Located primarily on arable land to STW in 2014, including phosphate stripping, to address failing water quality Lawrence’s Camel SAC. the south of the River Camel SAC. standards for protected sites at the River Camel. SWW have confirmed that for Urban Extension 4239 m Breney As a result of the arable nature of all Bodmin allocations, discharge will be to Nanstallon where there is capacity 780 dwellings Common and the development site, along with except for Bd-UE4 where 30% will drain to Scarlets Well STW and 70% to Goss and Tregoss the distance, and also intervening Nanstallen. When Scarlets Well is at capacity then drainage will be diverted to Moors SAC. habitat comprising of existing Nanstallen, which is a system currently in operation27. No LSE are therefore 9448 m St. Austell urban development, it is envisaged as a result of STW discharges during operation. Clay Pits SAC. considered unlikely that there will The River Camel SAC is located within 200 m of the A39, A289 and A30, Breney be fragmentation, degradation, or Common is within 200 m of the A30 and St. Austell Clay Pits is within 200 m of Refer to Figure 3.3 loss of supporting habitats. the A391. However, analysis carried out for the Cornwall Local Plan HRA There will be no direct habitat loss. demonstrates that whilst changes in flow on these roads can be expected as a result of in-combination development, the critical level NOx concentration will not be exceeded. In addition, the nitrogen deposition rate is calculated using the Local Plan development predictions < 1% of the Critical Load. As such, in accordance with standard guidance28 there will be no LSE alone or as a result of in-combination air quality impacts during operation.

BODMIN Location in Possible Impacts and Likely Significant Effects Arising from Site Allocation relation to Nature Site Allocation Habitat Loss/ Noise and Air Quality Recreational Disturbance 2000 Site(s) in Water Quality / Visual Degradation/ Vibration (Emissions – (for housing development) ZoI Flow Disturbance Fragmentation Disturbance Deposition /Dust)

Bd-E1 Closest allocation No direct habitat It is considered unlikely that significant effects will arise as a result of noise/vibration No pathway identified Beacon being: loss will occur. or visual disturbance during construction or operation. It is also considered unlikely, through the development of Technology Park 947 m from River No loss of due to distance, and lack of any direct hydrological connectivity, that there would be employment sites. (6 ha) Camel SAC. supporting habitat any construction-related air/water quality and water flow impacts.

27 Email dated 12.02.2015 Marcus Healan, Planning Delivery Team, Cornwall Council. 28 Environment Agency. 2007. Appendix ASC 1 Environment Agency Stage 1 and 2 Assessment of New PIR Permissions under the Habitats Regulations citing APIS HRA Cornwall Site Allocations WSP | Parsons Brinckerhoff Cornwall Council Project No 3513000HA-HLV Confidential February 2017 38

Located within 4659 m from or fragmentation Surface water drainage is to be designed in accordance with the Sustainable Urban existing Breney Common will occur (site Drainage principles and standards set out in the Drainage Guidance for Cornwall industrial area in and Goss and situated on with appropriate discharge consents and monitoring. This will include specific the west of Tregoss Moors existing industrial measures to prevent surface water drainage resulting in water quality and flow Bodmin. SAC. land > 900 m impacts, hence it is considered unlikely that there will be LSE as a result of reduced Bd-E6 Refer to Figure 3.3 distant with limited water quality due to run off during operation either alone or in-combination. To Cooksland space for ensure no LSE, designs will need to be approved by the Council and in place prior to Extension (3 ha) additional growth). development being operational. The River camel SAC is vulnerable to water-quality related impacts, which have been identified as being largely contributed to by discharges from STW. However, infrastructure improvement measures were implemented at Nanstallon STW in 2014, including phosphate stripping, to address failing water quality standards for protected sites at the River Camel. SWW have confirmed that for all Bodmin allocations, discharge will be to Nanstallon where there is capacity except for Bd-UE4 where 30% will drain to Scarlets Well STW and 70% to Nanstallen. When Scarlets Well is at capacity then drainage will be diverted to Nanstallen, which is a system currently in operation29. No LSE are therefore envisaged as a result of STW discharges during operation. Breney Common SAC is located within 200 m of the A30 and the River Camel SAC is located within 200 m of the A39, A289 and A30. However, analysis carried out for the Cornwall Local Plan HRA demonstrates that whilst changes in flow on these roads can be expected as a result of in-combination development, the critical level NOx concentration will not be exceeded. In addition, the nitrogen deposition rate is calculated using the Local Plan development predictions < 1% of the Critical Load. As such, there will be no LSE as a result of in-combination air quality impacts during operation.

29 Email dated 12.02.2015 Marcus Healan, Planning Delivery Team, Cornwall Council. HRA Cornwall Site Allocations WSP | Parsons Brinckerhoff Cornwall Council Project No 3513000HA-HLV Confidential February 2017 39

BODMIN Location in Possible Impacts and Likely Significant Effects Arising from Site Allocation relation to Nature Site Allocation Habitat Loss/ Noise and Air Quality Recreational Disturbance 2000 Site(s) in Water Quality / Visual Degradation/ Vibration (Emissions – (for housing development) ZoI Flow Disturbance Fragmentation Disturbance Deposition /Dust)

Bd-E2, Bd-E3 >1500 m from No pathway identified through the safeguarding of existing employment sites (without new construction). Bd-E4,Bd-E5, River Camel SAC. (safeguarded >3900 m from employment) Breney Common Situated and Goss and centrally and to Tregoss Moors the east of SAC. Bodmin. Located on Refer to Figure 3.3 existing industrial / urban development and/or immediately adjacent to existing industrial or urban development

HRA Cornwall Site Allocations WSP | Parsons Brinckerhoff Cornwall Council Project No 3513000HA-HLV Confidential February 2017 40

5.2e Newquay Allocations

NEWQUAY Location in Possible Impacts and Likely Significant Effects Arising from Site Allocation relation to Nature Site Allocation Habitat Loss/ Noise and Air Quality Recreational Disturbance (for 2000 Site(s) in Visual Degradation/ Vibration Water Quality / Flow (Emissions – housing development) ZoI Disturbance Fragmentation Disturbance Deposition /Dust)

NQ-H1 Penhale Dunes As a result of > No pathway It is considered unlikely that significant effects No pathway Newlyn Downs and Breney Newquay SAC: 7032 m 5000 m identified to will arise as a result of construction-related air identified to Common are not considered Growth Area Newlyn Downs distance interest quality impacts. In addition, it is unlikely there interest vulnerable to recreational approximately SAC: 5175 m between the features. would be any construction or operation-related features. disturbance. 280 dwellings closest water quality or flow impacts due to lack of any Penhale Dunes has however been 8548 m Breney European site direct hydrological connectivity (significant and associated Common and identified as vulnerable. The site is infrastructure and the intervening distance and barriers are present designated for sand dune Goss and Tregoss allocations between the allocation and European sites). (refer to footnote Moors SAC. succession, colonies of petalwort, 15). there will be no Breney Common SAC is located within 200 m shore dock and early gentian and as Refer to Figure 3.5 direct habitat of the A30 and Newlyn Downs SAC is located such is susceptible to trampling and Located on loss. It is arable land to within 200 m of the A30 and although it is excessive disturbance (although a considered unlikely that the development would result in certain amount of disturbance the east likely that there (immediately significant changes to air quality alone, events are required to ensure that will be no theoretically air quality impacts may arise as a various successional stages are connected to fragmentation, existing urban result of in-combination development being maintained). degradation, or brought forward in the Local Plan period. development) of (due to largely There is easy access to large Newquay. However, analysis carried out for the Cornwall beaches at Newquay which are arable or Local Plan HRA demonstrates that whilst industrial more likely to attract recreational NQ-H2 Penhale Dunes changes in flow on these roads can be users from the housing allocations SAC: 6010 m location and expected as a result of development, the critical Gusti Veor: SAC interest for convenient regular recreation. Newquay Newlyn Downs level NOx concentration will not be exceeded. Green infrastructure links through features), no In addition, the nitrogen deposition rate is Growth Area SAC: 5896 m loss of the new development will also (35 ha) calculated using the Local Plan development provide more convenient 9288 m Breney supporting predictions < 1% of the Critical Load. Located on Common and habitats. recreational routes for dog centrally on Goss and Tregoss The European sites within the ZoI are not walking/running. It is considered arable and Moors SAC. identified as within the catchment of a STW unlikely that there would be currently at capacity or contributing to significant effects from the housing amenity Refer to Figure 3.5 grassland decreased water quality. As such, there will be allocations alone. directly No Likely Significant Effects as a result of However, with the projected housing

HRA Cornwall Site Allocations WSP | Parsons Brinckerhoff Cornwall Council Project No 3513000HA-HLV Confidential February 2017 41

connected to quality/flow from discharges. in the 12.5 km ZoI set for Penhale existing urban Dunes 30 over the Local plan period, development at it is not possible to rule out LSE for Newquay. this allocation in combination with housing being brought forward. NQ-E1 Penhale Dunes Local residents within 12.5 km horse Treloggan SAC: 4993 m riding; walking and bike riding along Industrial estate. Newlyn Downs with dog walking have been Existing SAC: 4797 m identified as activities resulting in industrial land Refer to Figure 3.5 LSE at this site. A strategic located to the approach to mitigation has been south east of identified to address the in- Newquay combination effect across the Local Plan period. This includes for the provision of weekly dog warden visits to enforce dog fouling; the replacement of 10 dog fouling information notices, six dog waste bins, the replacement of wooden demarcation bollards which prevent parking within the SAC and the improvement of the parking area to prevent parking on verges (the provision of wooden teeth etc.)31. With the implementation of the agreed final measures (as presented within the SPD), no LSE is considered likely.

30 As a result of visitor and disturbance studies undertaken 2015 - 2016, ZoIs have been determined for the consideration of in-combination recreational disturbance for Penhale Dunes SAC (12.5 km), Fal and Helford SAC (10 km), Plymouth Sound and Estuaries SAC (10 km) and Tamar Estuaries Complex SPA (12 km). Cornwall Council will not accept residential development and student and tourist accommodation within these ZoIs, without appropriate mitigation. A strategic solution to mitigation is being developed which will include visitor management, developer contributions and green space requirements for new development. A Supplementary Planning Document (SPD) is currently being produced, based on the findings of a recreation impacts study, setting out the required mitigation for each relevant European site. 31 The costing for developer contribution is to be set out within the SPD referenced in Section 4. HRA Cornwall Site Allocations WSP | Parsons Brinckerhoff Cornwall Council Project No 3513000HA-HLV Confidential February 2017 42

NEWQUAY Location in Possible Impacts and Likely Significant Effects Arising from Site Allocation relation to Site Allocation Habitat Loss/ Noise and Air Quality Recreational Disturbance (for housing Nature 2000 Water Quality / Visual Degradation/ Vibration (Emissions – development) Site(s) in ZoI Flow Disturbance Fragmentation Disturbance Deposition /Dust)

NQ-M1 Penhale As a result of > No pathway It is considered unlikely that significant No pathway Newlyn Downs and Breney Common are not Station Quarter Dunes SAC < 5000 m identified to effects will arise as a result of identified to considered vulnerable to recreational 5.05 ha). 12 km distance interest construction-related air quality or water interest disturbance. between the features. quality/flow impacts. In addition, it is features. Mixed use Newlyn Downs Penhale Dunes has however been identified as SAC: 6081 m closest unlikely there would be any operation- vulnerable. The site is designated for sand dune housing and European site related air quality or water quality/flow business re- Refer to succession, colonies of petalwort, shore dock and the closest impacts as a result of the allocations and early gentian and as such is susceptible to development Figure 3.5 allocation there (alone) at > 5000 m. This is due to located centrally trampling and excessive disturbance (although a will be no direct distance, and barriers to direct certain amount of disturbance events are within Newquay habitat loss. It hydrological connectivity. surrounded by required to ensure that various successional is considered Newlyn Downs SAC and Breney stages are maintained). significant likely that there existing Common SAC are located within 200 m There is easy access to large beaches at will be no of the A30; theoretically air quality infrastructure. fragmentation, Newquay which are more likely to attract impacts may arise as a result of in- recreational users from the housing allocations NQ-M2 Add degradation, or combination development being loss of for convenient regular recreation. Green Hendra – Penhale brought forward in the Local Plan. infrastructure links through the new development supporting However, analysis carried out for the Nansledan. Dunes SAC < habitats. will also provide more convenient recreational 12 km Cornwall Local Plan HRA demonstrates routes for dog walking/running. It is considered Mixed use that whilst changes in flow on these housing and Newlyn Downs unlikely that there would be significant effects roads can be expected as a result of from the housing allocations alone. business re- SAC: 6081 m development, the critical level NOx development However, with the projected housing in the 12.5 9371 m concentration will not be exceeded. In 32 located centrally Breney addition, the nitrogen deposition rate is km ZoI set for Penhale Dunes over the Local within Newquay Common and calculated using the Local Plan plan period, it is not possible to rule out LSE for surrounded by Goss and development predictions < 1% of the this allocation in combination with housing being significant Tregoss Critical Load. The European sites brought forward. Local residents within 12.5 km existing Moors SAC. described are not identified as within horse riding; walking and bike riding along with infrastructure. dog walking have been identified as activities Refer to the catchment of a STW currently at capacity or contributing to decreased resulting in LSE at this site. A strategic Figure 3.5 approach to mitigation has been identified to

32 As a result of visitor and disturbance studies undertaken 2015 - 2016, ZoIs have been determined for the consideration of in-combination recreational disturbance for Penhale Dunes SAC (12.5 km), Fal and Helford SAC (10 km), Plymouth Sound and Estuaries SAC (10 km) and Tamar Estuaries Complex SPA (12 km). Cornwall Council will not accept residential development and student and tourist accommodation within these ZoIs, without appropriate mitigation. A strategic solution to mitigation is being developed which will include visitor management, developer contributions and green space requirements for new development. A Supplementary Planning Document (SPD) is currently being produced, based on the findings of a recreation impacts study, setting out the required mitigation for each relevant European site. HRA Cornwall Site Allocations WSP | Parsons Brinckerhoff Cornwall Council Project No 3513000HA-HLV Confidential February 2017 43

water quality. As such, there will be No address the in-combination effect across the Likely Significant Effects. Local Plan period. This includes for the provision of weekly dog warden visits to enforce dog fouling; the replacement of 10 dog fouling information notices, six dog waste bins, the replacement of wooden demarcation bollards which prevent parking within the SAC and the improvement of the parking area to prevent parking on verges (the provision of wooden teeth etc.)33. With the implementation of the agreed final measures (as presented within the SPD), no LSE is considered likely.

33 The costing for developer contribution is to be set out within the SPD referenced in Section 4. HRA Cornwall Site Allocations WSP | Parsons Brinckerhoff Cornwall Council Project No 3513000HA-HLV Confidential February 2017 44

5.2f Penzance Allocations

PENZANCE Location in Possible Impacts and Likely Significant Effects Arising from Site Allocation relation to Nature Site Allocation Habitat Loss/ Noise and Air Quality Recreational Disturbance 2000 Site(s) in Water Quality / Visual Degradation/ Vibration (Emissions – (for housing development) ZoI Flow Disturbance Fragmentation Disturbance Deposition /Dust)

PZ-H1 No direct habitat Marazion Marshes SPA is located in very close proximity; however, the SPA is No pathway from fragmented and located within an area of existing urban infrastructure. Subject to Longrock SPA: 39 m (13 m loss will occur. employment allocation PZ- from PZ-E4) the project-level design of PZ-H1 and E4, and with the incorporation of construction E4. Approximately There will be no best practice, it is considered unlikely that LSE will occur alone or in-combination. 150 dwellings. Lower Bostraze loss of Appendix 3 presents a preliminary noise assessment; a slight increase in noise at PZ-H1: Lower Bostraze and and Leswidden supporting/buffering the SPA during construction may occur as a result of development in this location. Leswidden SAC and Located on SAC: >10000 m habitat or Tregonning Hill SAC and are grassland However, it is considered that with the sensitive layout of the Scheme, and the use of Tregonning Hill fragmentation as a timing to avoid sensitive periods, and the incorporation of hoarding (where project- not identified as being immediately result of the 34 vulnerable to recreational adjacent to SAC: 9668 m level detail renders this necessary) , impacts could be adequately mitigated. allocation. The site PZ-H1 incorporates public open space per dwelling; this will be located as far as impacts. existing urban Lands End and is situated on area and Cape Bank SAC: possible in the south of the Scheme area, adjacent to the field boundary and local The interest features of improved grassland access road, to maximise the buffer between the allocation and the SPA. Vehicular Marazion Marsh SPA are industrial Estate. 8885 m and scrub Site is bounded access for PZ-H1 and PZ-E4 will also be designed to maximise the distance from the vulnerable to disturbance Refer to Figure 3.6 immediately SPA. The allocations will retain/enhance the existing hedgerow and scrub buffers predominately during the by roads – A30 adjacent to existing to the north, south of the proposed allocations. Junctions will not be created for access purposes winter (over wintering housing and unless subject to a separate assessment at the project-level and no LSE is bittern) but also late minor road to industrial areas south and west. demonstrated. A standard give-way into the sites will be employed otherwise. In summer/early autumn (on- north of the local addition, the development will incorporate measures within the CEMP to prevent passage aquatic warbler). PZ-E4 Longrock road. construction-related water / quality impacts from occurring (refer to Appendix 2). However, visitor surveys Long Rock East Drainage is to be designed in accordance with the Sustainable Urban Drainage undertaken to inform the (3.2 ha B1a) principles and standards set out in the Drainage Guidance for Cornwall with Local Plan have not Employment appropriate discharge consents and monitoring with specific measures to prevent identified an in-combination allocation water quality and flow impacts, hence it is considered unlikely that there will be LSE recreational impact. It is located on as a result of reduced water quality due to run off during operation either alone or in- considered likely that an grassland north combination. To ensure no LSE, designs will need to be approved by the Council increase in visitors

34 A project-level HRA will be undertaken for PZ-H1 and PZ-E4, which includes consideration of the timing of certain construction activities to avoid impacts at key periods (autumn and winter for warbler and bittern). Should noise screening be considered necessary (subject to project-level detail), a continuous screen, with no gaps or breaks, be a minimum of 2.2m high and have a minimum surface mass of 5kg/m2 is considered likely to be sufficient to negate potential impacts.

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of minor road and in place prior to development being operational. associated with the separating All allocations within Penzance and Newlyn utilise the STWs at St Erth, SWW have allocations within proximity allocation from confirmed that plans are in place to upgrade this facility to increase its capacity to to the SPA could be Marazion meet the demand set out in the Local Plan. No development will be permitted prior accommodated within the Marshes SPA. to confirmation that the allocation can be accommodated within the existing existing management treatment works or prior to provision of appropriate upgrades/new facilities. structures. This is in The SPA is currently well screened (and the dense scrub renders it largely accordance with the analysis inaccessible from the road side to domestic pets) as such, increased mortality carried out to inform the through predation is considered unlikely. Cornwall local Plan HRA. The policies provide for the maintenance and enhancement of the existing field boundaries and design of an appropriate lighting and landscaping strategy to maintain visual and light screening during operation and as such no LSE as a result of disturbance through these pathways is considered likely. Analysis carried out to inform the Local Plan concluded that whilst the A30 and A394 are likely to experience an increase in traffic flows as a result of the in-combination development being brought forward, the resultant increase in the critical load would be 1.3%. This would occur < 7 m of the roadside beyond which, the deposition rate would fall to > 1%. Although the SPA designation occurs in close proximity (<7m) to the A394 where the road crosses the , the roadside vegetation in this area comprises woodland and scrub does not form part of the habitat complex used by the interest features of the SPA. It can therefore be concluded that there will be no LSE as a result of in-combination air quality impacts during operation.

PENZANCE Location in Possible Impacts and Likely Significant Effects Arising from Site Allocation relation to Nature Site Allocation Habitat Loss/ Noise and Air Quality Recreational Disturbance 2000 Site(s) in Water Quality / Visual Degradation/ Vibration (Emissions – (for housing development) ZoI Flow Disturbance Fragmentation Disturbance Deposition /Dust)

PZ-H2 – PZ-H4 Closest allocation No direct habitat The closest Site Allocation is 1791 m distant from Marazion Marsh SPA and 6313 m No pathway from and PZ-11 and located: loss will occur. distant from Lower Bostraze and Leswidden SAC and > 6000 m from Lands End employment allocations PZ- PZ-M1 SAC. At this distance, with intervening roads and built industrial land present, it is M2, E2 and E3. <1791 m distant No loss of considered unlikely that there will be significant effects to interest features as a result Housing from Marazion supporting habitat of construction or operation-related visual, noise and vibration disturbance. It is also All other housing allocations: development to Marsh SPA; Lower or fragmentation considered unlikely that there would be any air or water quality or flow impacts Lower Bostraze and the north east of Bostraze and will occur (sites are during construction or operation due to the absence of any direct hydrological Leswidden SAC and Penzance. Leswidden SAC: all situated largely connection (significant barriers are present). Tregonning Hill SAC and are 7619 m; Lands on arable land Located Analysis carried out to inform the Local Plan concluded that whilst the A30 and A394 not identified as being primarily on End and Cape immediately vulnerable to recreational Bank SAC: adjacent to existing are likely to experience an increase in traffic flows as a result of the in-combination arable land to development being brought forward, the resultant increase in the critical load would impacts. the north of 8215m. urban/industrial areas > 1791 m be 1.3%. This would occur < 7 m of the roadside beyond which, the deposition rate The interest features of existing urban Refer to Figure 3.6 would fall to > 1%. Although the SPA designation occurs in close proximity (<7m) to Marazion Marsh SPA are and industrial distant from the

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development closest European the A394 where the road crosses the Red River, the roadside vegetation in this area vulnerable to disturbance within site). comprises woodland and scrub does not form part of the habitat complex used by predominately during the Penzance. the interest features of the SPA. It can therefore be concluded that there will be no winter (over wintering LSE as a result of in-combination air quality impacts during operation. bittern) but also late PZ-H5 - PZ-H10, Closest allocation summer/early autumn (on- PZ-H12, PZ-M3. located: passage aquatic warbler). Housing 3539 m distant However, visitor surveys allocations from Marazion undertaken to inform the located centrally Marsh SPA; Lower Local Plan have not predominately Bostraze and identified an in-combination on arable land Leswidden SAC: recreational impact. It is west of 6313 m; Lands considered likely that an Penzance. End and Cape increase in visitors Bank SAC: 6442m associated with the Refer to Figure 3.6 allocations within proximity to the SPA could be PZ-M2, PZ-E2, Closest allocation accommodated within the PZ-E3. located: existing management Employment 2921 m distant structures. This is in allocation sites from Marazion accordance with the analysis located on Marsh SPA; Lower carried out to inform the arable land (M2 Bostraze and Cornwall local Plan HRA. and E2) and Leswidden SAC: existing build 6609 m; Lands coastal habitat End and Cape (E3) south west Bank SAC: 7946m of Penzance. Refer to Figure 3.6

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PENZANCE Location in Possible Impacts and Likely Significant Effects Arising from Site Allocation relation to Nature Site Allocation Habitat Loss/ Noise and Air Quality Recreational Disturbance 2000 Site(s) in Water Quality / Visual Degradation/ Vibration (Emissions – (for housing development) ZoI Flow Disturbance Fragmentation Disturbance Deposition /Dust)

PZ-E1 310 m distant from No pathway identified through the safeguarding of existing employment sites (without new construction). Long Rock Marazion Marsh Industrial Estate SPA; Lower (0.65 ha) Bostraze and Leswidden SAC: Safeguarded 7354 m; Lands employment End and Cape allocation. Bank SAC: 8733m Refer to Figure 3.6

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5.2g Hayle Allocations

HAYLE Location in Possible Impacts and Likely Significant Effects Arising from Site Allocation relation to Nature Site Allocation Habitat Loss/ Noise and Air Quality Recreational Disturbance 2000 Site(s) in Water Quality / Visual Degradation/ Vibration (Emissions – (for housing development) ZoI Flow Disturbance Fragmentation Disturbance Deposition /Dust)

H-UE1 Tregonning Hill No direct habitat It is considered unlikely that significant effects during construction or operation as a Tregonning Hill has not been Trevassack SAC: 7287 m loss will occur. result of air quality or water quality/flow impacts or noise/vibration/visual disturbance identified as vulnerable to (1000 dwellings Marazion Marsh No loss of will arise at > 4000 m as a result of these housing/employment developments on recreational disturbance. and employment SPA: 5991 m supporting habitat arable land (without direct hydrological connectivity). As described for the space). Refer to Figure 3.8 or fragmentation SWW have confirmed that there are no strategic issues with regard to supplying the Penzance allocations above, Located to the will occur (sites proposed local plan growth in-combination, although localised reinforcement work is no pathway alone or in- south east of are all > 4000 m required to upgrade the treatment works; these works are within SWW’s 5 year combination has been Hayle, distant from the business plan. To ensure no in-combination LSE as a result of STW discharges, no identified for increases in immediately closest European development will be permitted prior to confirmation that the allocation can be housing in proximity to north of the A30, site). accommodated within the existing treatment works or prior to provision of Marazion Marsh SPA on appropriate upgrades/new facilities. predominately Analysis carried out to inform the Local Plan concluded that whilst the A30 and A394 arable land. (in proximity to Marazion Marshes) are likely to experience an increase in traffic flows as a result of the in-combination development being brought forward, the H-E2, H-E3, H- Closest allocation resultant increase in the critical load would be 1.3%. This would occur < 7 m of the No pathway identified E4, H-ED1, H- located: roadside beyond which, the deposition rate would fall to > 1%. Although the SPA through the development of EM1 Tregonning Hill designation occurs in close proximity (<7m) to the A394 where the road crosses the employment sites. Employment SAC: 7706 Red River, the roadside vegetation in this area comprises woodland and scrub does allocation sites Marazion Marsh not form part of the habitat complex used by the interest features of the SPA. It can located on SPA: 4008 m therefore be concluded that there will be no LSE as a result of in-combination air predominately quality impacts during operation. arable land. Lands End and Cape Bank SAC: 9782 m Refer to Figure 3.8

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HAYLE Location in Possible Impacts and Likely Significant Effects Arising from Site Allocation relation to Nature Site Allocation Habitat Loss/ Noise and Air Quality Recreational Disturbance 2000 Site(s) in Water Quality / Visual Degradation/ Vibration (Emissions – (for housing development) ZoI Flow Disturbance Fragmentation Disturbance Deposition /Dust)

H-E1 Tregonning Hill No direct habitat It is considered unlikely that significant effects during construction or operation as a Tregonning Hill has not been Marsh Lane SAC: 8174 m loss will occur. result of air or water quality or noise/vibration/visual disturbance or water flow will identified as vulnerable to Industrial Estate. Marazion Marsh No loss of arise at > 7500 m in the replacement of existing units / small scale extensions (where recreational disturbance. no direct hydrological connectivity is present). Located to the SPA 7706 m supporting habitat As described for the east of Hayle, Refer to Figure 3.8 or fragmentation SWW have confirmed that there are no strategic issues with regard to supplying the Penzance allocations above, immediately east will occur (site proposed growth, although localised reinforcement work is required to upgrade the no pathway alone or in- of A30 on situated on treatment works; these works are within SWW’s five year business plan. To ensure combination has been existing existing industrial no LSE as a result of in-combination effects from STW discharges, no development identified for increases in industrial land. land > 7500 m will be permitted prior to confirmation that the allocation can be accommodated housing in proximity to distant with no within the existing treatment works or prior to provision of appropriate upgrades/new Marazion Marsh SPA space for facilities. additional growth). Analysis carried out to inform the Local Plan concluded that whilst the A30 and A394 (in proximity to Marazion Marshes) are likely to experience an increase in traffic flows as a result of the in-combination development being brought forward, the resultant increase in the critical load would be 1.3%. This would occur < 7 m of the roadside beyond which, the deposition rate would fall to > 1%. Although the SPA designation occurs in close proximity (<7m) to the A394 where the road crosses the Red River, the roadside vegetation in this area comprises woodland and scrub does not form part of the habitat complex used by the interest features of the SPA. It can therefore be concluded that there will be no LSE as a result of in-combination air quality impacts during operation.

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H-D1 Tregonning Hill No direct habitat It is considered unlikely that significant effects during construction or operation as a Future Direction SAC: 7366 m loss will occur. result of air or water quality or noise/vibration/visual disturbance or water flow will of Growth (16.7 Marazion Marsh No loss of arise at > 5000 m in the development of housing and employment sites (where no ha) SPA 5530 m supporting habitat direct hydrological connectivity is present). Refer to Figure 3.8 or fragmentation SWW have confirmed that there are no strategic issues with regard to supplying the will occur (sites proposed growth, although localised reinforcement work is required to upgrade the are all > 5000 m treatment works; these works are within SWW’s five year business plan. To ensure distant from the no LSE as a result of in-combination effects from STW discharges, no development closest European will be permitted prior to confirmation that the allocation can be accommodated site). within the existing treatment works or prior to provision of appropriate upgrades/new facilities. Analysis carried out to inform the Local Plan concluded that whilst the A30 and A394 (in proximity to Marazion Marshes) are likely to experience an increase in traffic flows as a result of the in-combination development being brought forward, the resultant increase in the critical load would be 1.3%. This would occur < 7 m of the roadside beyond which, the deposition rate would fall to > 1%. Although the SPA designation occurs in close proximity (<7m) to the A394 where the road crosses the Red River, the roadside vegetation in this area comprises woodland and scrub does not form part of the habitat complex used by the interest features of the SPA. It can therefore be concluded that there will be no LSE as a result of in-combination air quality impacts during operation.

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5.2h St. Austell Allocations

ST. Location in Possible Impacts and Likely Significant Effects Arising from Site Allocation AUSTELL relation to Nature Habitat Loss/ Air Quality Recreational 2000 Site(s) in Noise and Vibration Water Quality / Site Degradation/ (Emissions – Visual Disturbance Disturbance ZoI Disturbance Flow Allocation Fragmentation Deposition /Dust)

STA-M1 St. Austell Clay No direct habitat It is considered unlikely that significant effects during construction or operation as a result of air quality Vulnerability to Pentewan Pits SAC: 3342 m. loss will occur. changes or noise/vibration/visual disturbance will arise at (> 3300 m from the SACs and 2000 m from recreational Road (5.9 7974 m Breney No loss of the pSPA) in the development of housing and employment sites. disturbance ha, 100 Common and potential With potential hydrological connectivity to Fal and Helford pSPA, a CEMP will be required (see has not been dwellings). Goss and Tregoss supporting habitat Appendix 2) during construction to ensure no LSE upon the potentially hydrologically connected site. identified for Moors SAC. will occur. During operation, surface water drainage is to be designed in accordance with the Sustainable Urban Breney Located on Common SAC improved 2027 m Falmouth The site is situated Drainage principles and standards set out in the Drainage Guidance for Cornwall with appropriate discharge consents and monitoring. This will include specific measures to prevent surface water and Polruan to grassland to Bay to St.Austell on grassland and Polperro SAC the south of Bay pSPA. not considered to drainage resulting in water quality and flow impacts, hence it is considered unlikely that there will be LSE as a result of reduced water quality due to run off during operation either alone or in-combination. or Falmouth St. Austell Refer to Figure 3.7 be functionally Bay pSPA. adjacent to linked at this To ensure no LSE, designs will need to be approved by the Council and in place prior to development Pentewan distance and being operational. Marsupella Road. nature of interest Breney Common SAC are located within 200 m of the A30 and St. Austell within 200 m of the A394; colonies within features. theoretically air quality impacts may arise as a result of in-combination development being brought St. Austell STA-M2 St. Austell Clay forward in the Local Plan. However, analysis carried out for the Cornwall Local Plan HRA SAC are Edgcumbe Pits SAC: 3320 m demonstrates that whilst changes in flow on these roads can be expected as a result of development, inaccessible to (1.9 ha, 25 7529 m Breney the critical level NOx concentration will not be exceeded. In addition, the nitrogen deposition rate is the public and dwellings, Common and calculated using the Local Plan development predictions < 1% of the Critical Load. as such no pathway for B1a office Goss and Tregoss The European sites described are not identified as within the catchment of a STW currently at capacity space). Moors SAC. recreational or contributing to decreased water quality. As such, there will be No Likely Significant Effects. disturbance Located on 2807 m Falmouth has been existing Bay to St.Austell identified. build land Bay pSPA and Refer to Figure 3.7 grassland to the south west of St.Austell, immediately adjacent and south of A390

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STA-R1 St. Austell Clay No direct habitat Small scale Pits SAC: 2660 m. loss will occur. employment 7518 m Breney No loss of space Common and potential Located on Goss and Tregoss supporting habitat existing built Moors SAC. will occur. / industrial Falmouth Bay to The site is situated land St.Austell Bay on grassland, pSPA: 2486 m rather than the River Camel SAC habitat favoured 9881 m. by Marsupella: former quarry tips Refer to Figure 3.7 and recently disturbed ground.

ST. Location in Possible Impacts and Likely Significant Effects Arising from Site Allocation AUSTELL relation to Nature Habitat Loss/ Air Quality Recreational 2000 Site(s) in Noise and Vibration Visual Site Degradation/ Water Quality / Flow (Emissions – Disturbance ZoI Disturbance Disturbance Allocation Fragmentation Deposition /Dust)

STA-E3 St. Austell Clay No direct habitat It is considered unlikely that significant effects as a result of disturbance or air quality changes or No pathway Par Moor. Pits SAC: 4229 m loss will occur. water quality/flow changes will arise during construction at a distance > 300 m with an intervening identified road present and with the implementation of a CEMP (see Appendix 2). During operation, surface through the B1, B2 and 7248 m Breney No loss of potential Common and supporting habitat water drainage is to be designed in accordance with the Sustainable Urban Drainage principles and development B8 standards set out in the Drainage Guidance for Cornwall with appropriate discharge consents and of employment employment Goss and Tregoss will occur. Moors SAC. monitoring. This will include specific measures to prevent surface water drainage resulting in water sites. space, The site is quality and flow impacts, hence it is considered unlikely that there will be LSE as a result of reduced located on Polruan to considered unlikely water quality / flow due to run off during operation either alone or in-combination. To ensure no LSE, previously Polperro SAC: to be functionally designs will need to be approved by the Council and in place prior to development being operational. disturbed 6183 m linked habitat due St. Austell is located within 200 m of the A394 and Breney Common within 200 of the A30; ground. Falmouth Bay to to distance (St. Austell SAC) and theoretically air quality impacts may arise as a result of in-combination development being brought St.Austell Bay forward in the Local Plan. However, analysis carried out for the Cornwall Local Plan HRA pSPA: 385 m nature of interest features (Polruan demonstrates that whilst changes in flow on these roads can be expected as a result of development, Refer to Figure 3.7 and Falmouth the critical level NOx concentration will not be exceeded. In addition, the nitrogen deposition rate is Bay). calculated using the Local Plan development predictions < 1% of the Critical Load. The European sites described are not identified as within the catchment of a STW currently at capacity or contributing to decreased water quality. As such, there will be No Likely Significant Effects.

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ST. AUSTELL Location in Possible Impacts and Likely Significant Effects Arising from Site Allocation relation to Nature Site Allocation Habitat Loss/ Noise and Air Quality Recreational Disturbance 2000 Site(s) in Water Quality / Visual Degradation/ Vibration (Emissions – (for housing development) ZoI Flow Disturbance Fragmentation Disturbance Deposition /Dust)

STA-E1 St. Austell Clay No pathway identified through the safeguarding of existing employment sites (without new construction). Safeguarded Pits SAC: 2316 m employment 7207 m Breney allocations. Common and Located Goss and Tregoss centrally within Moors SAC. St. Austell on Polruan to existing built / Polperro SAC: industrial land 8124 m Falmouth Bay to St.Austell Bay pSPA: 1070 m Refer to Figure 3.7

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5.2i Falmouth Allocations

FALMOUTH Location in Possible Impacts and Likely Significant Effects Arising from Site Allocation relation to Nature Site Habitat Loss/ 2000 Site(s) in Disturbance, air, water Allocation Degradation/ Recreational Disturbance ZoI quality/flow changes Fragmentation

FP-H1 Closest of these No direct habitat It is considered unlikely No recreational pathway identified at Carrine Common SAC or Falmouth Bay to St.Austell College (210 Site Allocations: loss will occur. that significant effects as Bay pSPA. dwellings) Carrine Common No loss of a result of air quality or As described in Table 4.1, most of the interest features of Fal and Helford SAC are not FP-M1 SAC: 8688 m supporting habitat water quality/flow impacts vulnerable to recreational pressure from trampling: the main designated habitat of Kernick (100 or fragmentation (during construction or vulnerability to this impact is saltmarsh, which is present in restricted areas of the SAC. Fal and Helford operation) or dwellings) SAC: 974 will occur (sites are The interest features - sub tidal sand banks, intertidal mudflats, large shallow inlets and all > 900 m distant visual/noise/vibration bays, reefs and estuaries are however susceptible to public access/disturbance resulting in FP-H2 mFalmouth Bay to disturbance will arise at Falmouth St.Austell Bay from the closest abrasion from boating and anchoring and to disturbance from bait digging (albeit primarily European site and this distance with commercial). North (300 pSPA: 2644 m significant intervening dwellings) outside of the The projected volume of growth (development within the 10 km ZoI will total 6140 Refer to Figure 3.9 estuary corridor urban and industrial areas FP-H3 present. dwellings over the Local plan period, It is not possible to conclude no LSE as a result of and open water these housing allocations in-combination with other housing development. Kergilliack area). (200 The nature of recreational use at the Fal and Helford SAC is not easily replicated. It is dwellings). therefore considered unlikely that the provision of alternative recreational open space will provide effective mitigation. However, given that the site has natural restrictions to access, it is likely that the SAC has sufficient capacity to absorb an increase in visitors provided that this is accompanied by adequate management (several measures to manage anchoring in the SAC are currently reflected in the Fal and Helford Management Scheme35 and in the Fal and Helford Site Improvement Plan (SIP)36). A financial contribution towards the implementation of the management measures outlined in the SPD would likely provide the most appropriate mitigation for recreational disturbance as a result of these allocations in-combination with other housing development.

35 The issuing of licences for mooring to avoid disturbance to eelgrass beds and the implementation of a voluntary exclusion zone in the Helford. 36 To address the anchoring of recreational vessels, a best practice code of conduct is to be produced for each harbour based on a review of the 2012 recreational boating study (to be completed during 2014 – 2015). Management changes are to be implemented where considered appropriate, for example the installation of eco-moorings where recreational moorings overlap with sensitive habitats. HRA Cornwall Site Allocations WSP | Parsons Brinckerhoff Cornwall Council Project No 3513000HA-HLV Confidential February 2017 55

FP-St1, FP- Closest allocations No direct habitat It is considered unlikely St2, FP-St3, located: loss will occur. that significant effects as FP-St4, FP- Carrine Common No loss of a result of air or water St5, FP-ED1 SAC: 8707 m supporting habitat quality impacts or Student or fragmentation noise/vibration/visual housing and Fal and Helford disturbance will arise at > SAC: 227 m will occur (sites are car park all > 200 m distant 150 m within the already allocations. Falmouth Bay to from the closest highly-urbanised St.Austell Bay European site and environment these pSPA: 173 m outside of the allocations are located Refer to Figure 3.9 estuary corridor within. Any potential and open water construction-related area). impacts arising from minor development within this location would be managed through the implementation of a CEMP (refer to Appendix 2 for draft contents).

FALMOUTH Location in Possible Impacts and Likely Significant Effects Arising from Site Allocation relation to Nature Site Allocation Habitat Loss/ Noise and Air Quality Recreational Disturbance 2000 Site(s) in Water Quality / Visual Degradation/ Vibration (Emissions – (for housing development) ZoI Flow Disturbance Fragmentation Disturbance Deposition /Dust)

FP-E1 – FP-E4 Closest of these No pathway identified through the safeguarding of existing employment sites (without new construction). Safeguarding Site Allocations: Employment Carrine Common Sites SAC: 8388 m Fal and Helford SAC: 760 m Falmouth Bay to St.Austell Bay pSPA: 2420 m Refer to Figure 3.9

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FALMOUTH Location in Possible Impacts and Likely Significant Effects Arising from Site Allocation relation to Nature Site Allocation Habitat Loss/ Noise and Air Quality Recreational Disturbance 2000 Site(s) in Water Quality / Visual Degradation/ Vibration (Emissions – (for housing development) ZoI Flow Disturbance Fragmentation Disturbance Deposition /Dust)

FP-E6 and FP- Carrine Common These are safeguarded employment sites. However, a key aim for the Site Allocations is the expansion and intensification of marine E5 SAC: 9909 m related uses, including deep water access. To avoid LSE such activities requiring new infrastructure will be managed through the issuing of existing MMO licensing and consents. The basis for which will be reviewed in line with the requirement for an updated baseline as Fal and Helford 37 38 SAC: 0 m specified within the Site Improvement Plan for the SAC and described in the recent recreational boating study . Falmouth Bay to St.Austell Bay pSPA: 0 m Refer to Figure 3.9

37 The SIP states that ‘Operations within Falmouth Harbour Commissioners (FHC) port limits are currently assessed according to habitat sensitivity information and as part of FHC’s Environmental Management System. To date there has not been a full assessment of the potential damage of the activity due to lack of data on the location of sensitive habitats and ship anchoring’. 38 Latham et al. (2012) Fal and Helford Recreational boating Study Chapter 1, Falmouth Harbour Commissioners. The report identified that the existing habitat baseline (upon which management decisions are based) was not representative of the situation at the time of survey. A strong, accurate baseline will provide an accurate representation of the area for management purposes. HRA Cornwall Site Allocations WSP | Parsons Brinckerhoff Cornwall Council Project No 3513000HA-HLV Confidential February 2017 57

5.2j Eco-Community Allocations

ECO- Location in Possible Impacts and Likely Significant Effects Arising from Site Allocation COMMUNITIES relation to Nature Habitat Loss/ Noise and Air Quality Recreational Disturbance 2000 Site(s) in Water Quality / Visual Site Allocation Degradation/ Vibration (Emissions – (for housing development) ZoI Flow Disturbance Fragmentation Disturbance Deposition /Dust)

ECO-M1 West St. Austell Clay Subject to separate Appropriate Assessment – refer to Appendix 4. Carclaze Pits SAC: 0 m River Camel SAC: 5746 m Breney Common and Goss and Tregoss Moors SAC: 4119 m Refer to Figure 3.10

ECO-M2 Par St. Austell Clay The broad location Limited preliminary design has been undertaken. Notwithstanding the need for a Vulnerability to Docks Pits SAC: 5214m indicated for the eco project-level HRA, there are a number of mitigation measures that will be exploited at recreational Polruan to community the detailed design stage to ensure that LSE are avoided at the pSPA. Specifically, disturbance has not Polperro SAC: encompasses the Mean there will be no land-take of pSPA or functionally linked habitat. Construction best- been identified for 4651m High Water and intertidal practice measures will be integrated into the design to avoid impacts during Breney Common mud and sand banks, construction and appropriate drainage solutions will be exploited to avoid impacts SAC and Polruan to Breney Common which form part of the during operation. It is considered unlikely (due to the preferred habitat of the interest Polperro SAC or and Goss and pSPA designation. features) that they would be present within the zone of influence of the development for Falmouth Bay Tregoss Moors disturbance. However, if it is considered (during the detailed design stage) that pSPA. SAC: 7235 m It is considered likely however that the disturbance to pSPA interest features may occur due to significant works, these can be Marsupella colonies Falmouth Bay to detailed design of the avoided by timing of construction activities to avoid sensitive periods. Due to the within St. Austell St.Austell Bay eco-community can be presence of existing infrastructure and built development, and the open water nature of SAC are pSPA: 0 m brought forward in a the interest features, it is considered unlikely that operational disturbance impacts will inaccessible to the Refer to Figure manner that avoids occur as a result of the redevelopment of this area. public and as such 3.10 direct impacts to the St. Austell is located within 200 m of the A394 and Breney Common within 200 of the no pathway for pSPA or potential A30; theoretically air quality impacts may arise as a result of in-combination recreational supporting habitats. development being brought forward in the Local Plan. However, analysis carried out disturbance has for the Cornwall Local Plan HRA demonstrates that whilst changes in flow on these been identified. roads can be expected as a result of development, the critical level NOx concentration will not be exceeded. In addition, the nitrogen deposition rate is calculated using the Local Plan development predictions < 1% of the Critical Load. The European sites described are not identified as within the catchment of a STW currently at capacity or contributing to decreased water quality. As such, there will be No Likely Significant Effect

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6 CONCLUSIONS 6.1 STEP 4: ASSESSMENT OF THE SIGNIFICANCE OF EFFECTS ON EUROPEAN SITES

6.1.1 The HRA of the Cornwall Site Allocations has assessed the potential for Likely Significant Effects on European sites. Where appropriate, the findings have included consideration of the potential for in-combination effects from other plans and projects and have proposed avoidance and mitigation measures to address identified effects.

6.1.2 As concluded in Table 5.2, it is considered that Likely Significant Effects can be screened out for the site allocations or otherwise impacts can be avoided with the implementation of mitigation and environmental control measures.

6.1.3 Environmental control measures will be necessary to ensure adverse impacts on the environment are avoided (in the first instance) or minimised. These will include the reduction of air quality emissions to below critical threshold levels as identified by Air Pollution Information System (APIS) and others. The control of water abstraction and discharge of water is required via the Water Framework Directive39, the consideration of impacts on designated sites is covered under the Habitats Regulations, Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (as amended), and national and local planning policy.

6.1.4 In addition the following mitigation principles will apply:

6.1.5 Appropriate environmental assessment, including project-level HRA will be undertaken on individual projects where appropriate.

· Any new land take required will be kept to the absolute minimum for practical operation of the scheme; where possible existing in-use land and infrastructure will be used to achieve this.

· Construction will be undertaken in line with a Construction Environmental Management Plan (CEMP), which will detail control measures required to avoid impacts on European sites as a result of noise and visual disturbance and air and water quality/flow.

· Development will not be located within any European site so that no direct habitat loss will occur.

· Wherever possible works will be avoided where there are direct transmission pathways to European sites (such as downstream of an allocation).

· Buffer zones will be provided between construction/improvement works and European sites (the size and extent of which should be dependent upon the nature of impact and the sensitivity of receptors).

· Detailed design of projects in proximity to European sites that are vulnerable to disturbance impacts will, if deemed necessary on the basis of survey information, ensure that the location avoids impacts or that screening is designed into the scheme to avoid impacts.

39 Water Framework Directive (2000): http://eur- lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32000L0060:EN:HTML

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6.1.6 In addition to the environmental control measures and mitigation principles listed above, where appropriate, specific mitigation has been provided (individually referenced against each site allocation in Table 5.2 and concluded in Section 6.2 below). Project-level HRAs will be required where such mitigation has been proposed; and the measures described will need to be further developed and integrated into the design as appropriate.

6.1.7 It is reasonable to conclude that the tried and tested mitigation measures suggested in this HRA would be sufficient to avoid and/or mitigate effects. However, this conclusion does not remove the need for HRA of any other plans, projects, or permissions associated with the Site Allocations DPD.

6.1.8 Given the assessment outcome, there is no requirement to progress to the next stage of the HRA process (‘appropriate assessment’ to examine the potential for adverse effects on the integrity of European sites). This conclusion does not however preclude the need for lower tier plan/project level appropriate assessment should additional LSE be identified that have not been assessed here, or were not appropriate to consider at this strategic plan level.

6.2 POLICY CONSIDERATIONS

6.2.1 The following over-arching mitigating statement is recommended for incorporation within the Site allocations DPD:

6.2.2 Any development that would be likely to have a significant effect on a European site, either alone or in combination with other plans or projects, will be subject to assessment under Part 6, Regulation 61 of the Habitats Regulations at the project application stage. If it cannot be ascertained that there would be no adverse effects on site integrity the project will have to be refused or pass the tests of Regulation 62, in which case any necessary compensatory measures will need to be secured in accordance with Regulation 66.

6.2.3 In addition, Table 6.1 below summarises the mitigation requirements associated with each option, for which the ‘no likely significant effects’ outcome depends on. These considerations will be incorporated into the DPD Site allocations policy.

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Table 6-1 Policy Considerations

Allocation Mitigation Measure Related to Mitigation Measure Water Quality/Flow During Operation Mitigation Measure Recreational Construction Impact / Other SLT-UE1 A Construction Environment When designing the SUDs scheme Confirmation of capacity within An appropriate off-site contribution Management Plan will be required, attention must be given to ensuring the Riverview Treatment facility or will be required to mitigate against which ensures that likely significant that likely significant effects upon provision of alternative facilities is adverse in-combination recreational effects upon Tamar Estuaries Tamar Estuaries Complex SPA required prior to commencement impacts on the Tamar Estuaries Complex SPA are avoided or including as a result of changes in of the scheme, to avoid likely Complex SPA. This will need to be appropriately mitigated; this will water quality or flow are avoided or significant effects upon the Tamar agreed and secured prior to need to be agreed with the Council appropriately mitigated. The Estuaries Complex SPA. approval of the development. The prior to commencement on site. scheme design will need to level of contribution and details of demonstrate its effectiveness in the specific measures are set out in this respect and be approved by the European Sites Mitigation the Council prior to development Strategy Supplementary Planning commencing. Document. SLT-E1 A Construction Environment When designing the SUDs scheme Confirmation of capacity within Management Plan will be required, attention must be given to ensuring the Riverview Treatment facility or which ensures that likely significant that likely significant effects upon provision of alternative facilities is effects upon Tamar Estuaries Tamar Estuaries Complex SPA required prior to commencement Complex SPA are avoided or including as a result of changes in of the scheme, to avoid likely appropriately mitigated; this will water quality or flow are avoided or significant effects upon the Tamar need to be agreed with the Council appropriately mitigated. The Estuaries Complex SPA. prior to commencement on site. scheme design will need to demonstrate its effectiveness in this respect and be approved by the Council prior to development commencing.

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Allocation Mitigation Measure Related to Mitigation Measure Water Quality/Flow During Operation Mitigation Measure Recreational Construction Impact / Other He-E2 When designing the SUDs scheme Confirmation of capacity within the attention must be given to ensuring Local Sewage Treatment facility or that likely significant effects upon the provision of alternative facilities is Fal and Helford SAC including as a required prior to commencement of result of changes in water quality or the scheme, to avoid likely flow are avoided or appropriately significant effects upon the Fal and mitigated. The scheme design will Helford SAC. need to demonstrate its effectiveness in this respect and be approved by the Council prior to development commencing. He-E3 When designing the SUDs scheme Confirmation of capacity within the attention must be given to ensuring Local Sewage Treatment facility or that likely significant effects upon the provision of alternative facilities is Fal and Helford SAC including as a required prior to commencement of result of changes in water quality or the scheme, to avoid likely flow are avoided or appropriately significant effects upon the Fal and mitigated. The scheme design will Helford SAC. need to demonstrate its effectiveness in this respect and be approved by the Council prior to development commencing. CPIR-UE1 Confirmation of capacity within the Local Sewage Treatment facility or provision of alternative facilities is required prior to commencement of the scheme, to avoid likely significant effects upon the Godrevy Head to St. Agnes SAC.

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Allocation Mitigation Measure Related to Mitigation Measure Water Quality/Flow During Operation Mitigation Measure Recreational Construction Impact / Other CPIR-E5 Confirmation of capacity within the Local Sewage Treatment facility or provision of alternative facilities is required prior to commencement of the scheme, to avoid likely significant effects upon the Godrevy Head to St. Agnes SAC. CPIR-E6 Confirmation of capacity within the Local Sewage Treatment facility or provision of alternative facilities is required prior to commencement of the scheme, to avoid likely significant effects upon the Godrevy Head to St. Agnes SAC. CPIR-ED1 Confirmation of capacity within the Local Sewage Treatment facility or provision of alternative facilities is required prior to commencement of the scheme, to avoid likely significant effects upon the Godrevy Head to St. Agnes SAC. CPIR-E7 Confirmation of capacity within the Local Sewage Treatment facility or provision of alternative facilities is required prior to commencement of the scheme, to avoid likely significant effects upon the Godrevy Head to St. Agnes SAC. CPIR-R1 Confirmation of capacity within the Local Sewage Treatment facility or provision of alternative facilities is required prior to commencement of the scheme, to avoid likely significant effects upon the Godrevy Head to St. Agnes SAC.

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Allocation Mitigation Measure Related to Mitigation Measure Water Quality/Flow During Operation Mitigation Measure Recreational Construction Impact / Other Bd-UE2 A Construction Environment When designing the SUDs scheme Confirmation of capacity within the Management Plan will be required, attention must be given to ensuring Local Sewage Treatment facility or which ensures that likely significant that likely significant effects upon the provision of alternative facilities is effects upon River Camel SAC are River Camel SAC including as a required prior to commencement of avoided or appropriately mitigated; result of changes in water quality or the scheme, to avoid likely this will need to be agreed with the flow are avoided or appropriately significant effects upon the River Council prior to commencement on mitigated. The scheme design will Camel SAC. site. need to demonstrate its effectiveness in this respect and be approved by the Council prior to development commencing. Bd-UE3 A Construction Environment When designing the SUDs scheme Confirmation of capacity within the Management Plan will be required, attention must be given to ensuring Local Sewage Treatment facility or which ensures that likely significant that likely significant effects upon the provision of alternative facilities is effects upon River Camel SAC are River Camel SAC including as a required prior to commencement of avoided or appropriately mitigated; result of changes in water quality or the scheme, to avoid likely this will need to be agreed with the flow are avoided or appropriately significant effects upon the River Council prior to commencement on mitigated. The scheme design will Camel SAC site. need to demonstrate its effectiveness in this respect and be approved by the Council prior to development commencing.

Bd-UE4 A Construction Environment When designing the SUDs scheme Confirmation of capacity within the Management Plan will be required, attention must be given to ensuring Local Sewage Treatment facility or which ensures that likely significant that likely significant effects upon the provision of alternative facilities is effects upon River Camel SAC are River Camel SAC including as a required prior to commencement of avoided or appropriately mitigated; result of changes in water quality or the scheme, to avoid likely this will need to be agreed with the flow are avoided or appropriately significant effects upon the River Council prior to commencement on mitigated. The scheme design will Camel SAC site. need to demonstrate its effectiveness in this respect and be approved by the Council prior to development commencing.

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Allocation Mitigation Measure Related to Mitigation Measure Water Quality/Flow During Operation Mitigation Measure Recreational Construction Impact / Other Bd-M1 When designing the SUDs scheme Confirmation of capacity within the attention must be given to ensuring Local Sewage Treatment facility or that likely significant effects upon the provision of alternative facilities is River Camel SAC including as a required prior to commencement of result of changes in water quality or the scheme, to avoid likely flow are avoided or appropriately significant effects upon the River mitigated. The scheme design will Camel SAC need to demonstrate its effectiveness in this respect and be approved by the Council prior to development commencing.

Bd-E1 When designing the SUDs scheme Confirmation of capacity within the attention must be given to ensuring Local Sewage Treatment facility or that likely significant effects upon the provision of alternative facilities is River Camel SAC including as a required prior to commencement of result of changes in water quality or the scheme, to avoid likely flow are avoided or appropriately significant effects upon the River mitigated. The scheme design will Camel SAC need to demonstrate its effectiveness in this respect and be approved by the Council prior to development commencing.

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Allocation Mitigation Measure Related to Mitigation Measure Water Quality/Flow During Operation Mitigation Measure Recreational Construction Impact / Other Bd-E6 When designing the SUDs scheme Confirmation of capacity within the attention must be given to ensuring Local Sewage Treatment facility or that likely significant effects upon the provision of alternative facilities is River Camel SAC including as a required prior to commencement of result of changes in water quality or the scheme, to avoid likely flow are avoided or appropriately significant effects upon the River mitigated. The scheme design will Camel SAC. need to demonstrate its effectiveness in this respect and be approved by the Council prior to development commencing.

NQ-H1 An appropriate off-site contribution will be required to mitigate against adverse recreational impacts on the Penhale Dunes SAC. This will need to be agreed and secured prior to approval of the development. The level of contribution and details of the specific measures are set out in the European Sites Mitigation Strategy Supplementary Planning Document. NQ-H2 An appropriate off-site contribution will be required to mitigate against adverse recreational impacts on the Penhale Dunes SAC. This will need to be agreed and secured prior to approval of the development. The level of contribution and details of the specific measures are set out in the European Sites Mitigation Strategy Supplementary Planning Document.

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Allocation Mitigation Measure Related to Mitigation Measure Water Quality/Flow During Operation Mitigation Measure Recreational Construction Impact / Other NQ-M1 An appropriate off-site contribution will be required to mitigate against adverse recreational impacts on the Penhale Dunes SAC. This will need to be agreed and secured prior to approval of the development. The level of contribution and details of the specific measures are set out in the European Sites Mitigation Strategy Supplementary Planning Document. NQ-M2 An appropriate off-site contribution will be required to mitigate against adverse recreational impacts on the Penhale Dunes SAC. This will need to be agreed and secured prior to approval of the development. The level of contribution and details of the specific measures are set out in the European Sites Mitigation Strategy Supplementary Planning Document.

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Allocation Mitigation Measure Related to Mitigation Measure Water Quality/Flow During Operation Mitigation Measure Recreational Construction Impact / Other PZ-H1 and A Construction Environment Management When designing the SUDs scheme Confirmation of capacity within the Open space will be designed to be located PZ-E4 Plan, which ensures impacts upon attention must be given to ensuring that Local Sewage Treatment facility or south of the housing and adjacent to the Marazion Marsh SPA are appropriately likely significant effects upon Marazion provision of alternative facilities is field boundary and local access road, to mitigated; this will need to be agreed with Marsh SPA including as a result of required prior to commencement of the maximise the buffer between the housing the Council prior to commencement on changes in water quality or flow are scheme, to avoid likely significant and the SPA. Vehicular access to PZ-H1 site. This should include, where avoided or appropriately mitigated. The effects upon Marazion Marsh SPA. will also be designed to maximise the appropriate, use of timing to avoid key, scheme design will need to demonstrate distance from the SPA and will avoid the sensitive periods and appropriate its effectiveness in this respect and be construction of junctions, using instead a hoarding between the site and the SPA approved by the Council prior to standard give-way for access. The during the construction period. development commencing. scheme will retain and enhance the existing hedgerow and scrub buffers south of the proposed allocation. Where appropriate a lighting assessment should be completed and additional landscape screening incorporated to prevent light spill on the SPA. H-UE1 To ensure no in-combination LSE as a result of STW discharges, no H-E2, H-E3, development will be permitted prior to H-E4, H- confirmation that the allocation can be ED1, H- accommodated within the existing EM1 treatment works or prior to provision of H-E1 appropriate upgrades/new facilities. H-D1

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Allocation Mitigation Measure Related to Mitigation Measure Water Quality/Flow During Operation Mitigation Measure Recreational Construction Impact / Other STA-M1 When designing the SUDs scheme attention must be given to ensuring that likely significant effects upon Fal and Helford SAC and pSPA including as a result of changes in water quality or flow are avoided or appropriately mitigated. The scheme design will need to demonstrate its effectiveness in this respect and be approved by the Council prior to development commencing.

STA-M2 When designing the SUDs scheme and STA- attention must be given to ensuring R1 that likely significant effects upon Fal and Helford SAC and pSPA including as a result of changes in water quality or flow are avoided or appropriately mitigated. The scheme design will need to demonstrate its effectiveness in this respect and be approved by the Council prior to development commencing.

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Allocation Mitigation Measure Related to Mitigation Measure Water Quality/Flow During Operation Mitigation Measure Recreational Construction Impact / Other STA-E3 A Construction Environment When designing the SUDs scheme Management Plan, which ensures attention must be given to ensuring impacts upon Fal and Helford SAC that likely significant effects upon Fal and pSPA are appropriately and Helford SAC and pSPA mitigated; this will need to be agreed including as a result of changes in with the Council prior to water quality or flow are avoided or commencement on site. appropriately mitigated. The scheme design will need to demonstrate its effectiveness in this respect and be approved by the Council prior to development commencing.

FP-H1 An appropriate off-site contribution will be required to mitigate against adverse recreational impacts on the Fal & Helford SAC. This will need to be agreed and secured prior to approval of the development. The level of contribution and details of the specific measures are set out in the European Sites Mitigation Strategy Supplementary Planning Document FP-M1 An appropriate off-site contribution will be required to mitigate against adverse recreational impacts on the Fal & Helford SAC. This will need to be agreed and secured prior to approval of the development. The level of contribution and details of the specific measures are set out in the European Sites Mitigation Strategy Supplementary Planning Document

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Allocation Mitigation Measure Related to Mitigation Measure Water Quality/Flow During Operation Mitigation Measure Recreational Construction Impact / Other FP-H2 An appropriate off-site contribution will be required to mitigate against adverse recreational impacts on the Fal & Helford SAC. This will need to be agreed and secured prior to approval of the development. The level of contribution and details of the specific measures are set out in the European Sites Mitigation Strategy Supplementary Planning Document FP-H3 An appropriate off-site contribution will be required to mitigate against adverse recreational impacts on the Fal & Helford SAC. This will need to be agreed and secured prior to approval of the development. The level of contribution and details of the specific measures are set out in the European Sites Mitigation Strategy Supplementary Planning Document.

Student A Construction Environment An appropriate off-site contribution Sites Management Plan, which ensures will be required to mitigate against impacts upon Fal & Helford SAC are adverse recreational impacts on the appropriately mitigated; this will need Fal & Helford SAC. This will need to to be agreed with the Council prior to be agreed and secured prior to commencement on site. approval of the development. The level of contribution and details of the specific measures are set out in the European Sites Mitigation Strategy Supplementary Planning Document

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Eco-M2 A Construction Environment When designing the SUDs scheme No land-take of the pSPA or Management Plan, which ensures attention must be given to ensuring functionally linked habitats. impacts upon Falmouth Bay to there is no detrimental impact upon St.Austell Bay pSPA are Falmouth Bay to St.Austell Bay appropriately mitigated; this will need Pspa. The scheme design will need to be agreed with the Council prior to to demonstrate its effectiveness in commencement on site. this respect and be approved by the Council prior to development commencing.

HRA Cornwall Site Allocations WSP | Parsons Brinckerhoff Cornwall Council Project No 3513000HA-HLV Confidential February 2017 Appendix A APPENDIX A-1

HRA FOR BROADMOOR FARM SALTASH APPENDIX A-2

DRAFT CONSTRUCTION ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN CONTENTS APPENDIX A-3

PENZANCE ALLOCATIONS PZ-H1 AND PZ-E4 NOISE ASSESSMENT APPENDIX A-4

HRA FOR EAST CARCLAZE ECO-COMMUNITY