HOPE VIHOPE VI Building CommBuilding Communitiesunities TTrransforming Livansforming Liveses

Andrew Cuomo, Secretary U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development FROM THE SECRETARY

ixty years ago, when and high rises with insufficient private sector. Build in opportuni­ Techwood Homes in funds to maintain them adequately— ties for homeownership. Help the S was built, it and without access to the jobs, residents get stable, livable-wage defined the initial concept for the support services, or the trans­ jobs and help the children excel : Demolish slums portation that would enable resi­ in school. and build modest housing for dents to move up and out—we In 1998, President Clinton low-income people. Today should not have been surprised signed historic, bipartisan legisla­ Techwood, rebuilt as Centennial when these projects failed. tion that for the first time extends Place, offers a model for building HOPE VI is the lesson lear ned. these principles to all of public sustainable communities in the For the small percentage of public housing—both creating opportuni­ 21st century. This attractively housing that is severely distressed, ties for working families and designed HOPE VI community HOPE VI offers a bold and com­ protecting public housing’s tradi­ has public housing families living prehensive solution: Rather than tional commitment to the poor. next door to private-market reinvest in failure, build new com­ We have also reformed HUD to apartments rented by young munities. Start from the ground give housing authorities and local professionals, with construction up. This time we listened and ar e communities more control and financed with both public and doing it right. more flexibility to do the job. With private resources. This story is HOPE VI leading the way, these being repeated in dozens of com­ How? Begin with the basic con­ are powerful ways to make public munities across the country. cept that this is not about building housing something we can truly housing, but about building com­ Most public housing in America be proud of in the new centur y. munities. Don’t segregate by income, provides decent, affordable housing race, or ethnicity. Design these for our nation’s neediest citizens. Sincerely, developments as inclusive, mixed- But when we concentrated and income neighborhoods that are isolated large numbers of poor the heart and soul of the commu­ families in barracks-style projects nity. Do it in partnership with the

HOPE VI 3 INTRODUCTION

UD’s HOPE VI use, have unjustly defined the pub­ from public housing is to walk program is the latest lic image of public housing. Yet away from people in need. there is no denying the malignant chapter in an impor­ The HOPE VI program (initially H effect of these developments on “HUD’S HOPE VI GRANTS ARE tant American success story— called the Urban Revitalization the public housing system. The their residents or on struggling, A STEP TOWARDS ACHIEVING Demonstration) provided the first vast majority of the nation’s high-poverty neighborhoods. MY ADMINISTRATION’S GOAL tool for revitalizing severely dis­ 3,400 housing authorities pro- OF HELPING PEOPLE HELP By the early 1990s, there was a tressed public housing. Even in its vide safe, decent, affordable THEMSELVES TO IMPROVE THEIR clear consensus, not only that this relatively modest beginnings, we housing for 1.3 million very severely distressed public housing recognized the importance of LIVES AND THEIR COMMUNITIES low-income families—a stable should be demolished, but that the transforming the lives of public THROUGH HARD WORK. BY place from which they can begin entire public housing system—the housing residents as well as their PROVIDING JOB TRAINING to build a better life. body of restrictive rules that had physical environment. AND IMPROVING THE QUALITY, grown up around the program— However, the quiet successes of It was President Bill Clinton’s MANAGEMENT, AND SAFETY had lost its way. Some voices even America’s public housing have all Urban Empowerment Agenda that OF PUBLIC HOUSING, WE ARE too often been overshadowed by said that the time had come to GIVING HOPE TO COMMUNITIES the terrible conditions in a small walk away from

THAT HAVE PREVIOUSLY share of units (almost 100,000 out the nation’s $80 billion investment KNOWN DESPAIR.” of 1.3 million public housing units, according to a 1992 report of the in public hous­ National Commission on Severely ing—and abolish the agency that PRESIDENT BILL CLINTON Distressed Public Housing). These large high-rise and barracks-style presided over it. projects, collapsing under the However, many burdens of poor design, deferred others recognize maintenance, and decades of hard that to walk away

Public housing residents examine HOPE VI site plan

4 HOPE VI: BUILDING COMMUNITIES AND TRANSFORMING LIVES NATIONAL TRANSFORMATION STATISTICS pointed a new way forward for cities across America, bringing $3.5 billion approved through fiscal year 1999 public housing. The Administra­ real change to places where tion’s Agenda was grounded in a poverty and despair seemed $4.1 billion in leveraged funds clear-eyed understanding of the deeply entrenched. 124 HOPE VI communities urban processes that had destabi­ HOPE VI provides grants of lized distressed public housing— 53,000 HOPE VI units approved for demolition up to $35 million to transform the flight of middle-class families our nation’s worst public hous­ and capital, the concentration of 35,000 HOPE VI new public housing units ing projects into its best mixed- the poor, and the toll exacted by income communities. HUD has 25,000 other new units to achieve mixed income isolation of public housing families invested some $3.5 billion from the world of work and the 12,000 certificates to achieve mobility and through 1999 in local strategies habit of responsibility. deconcentration that reflect the hard-won lessons These insights led to an excit­ of previous urban redevelopment HOPE VI is comprehensive, The transformations promoted ing breakthrough in the HOPE efforts. addressing the multiple challenges by HOPE VI—from isolation to VI program. Ending the isolation HOPE VI is collaborative, facing distressed communities integration, from eyesore to asset, of public housing residents enlisting a wide range of stake­ and their residents, including from welfare to self-sufficiency— demanded including housing holders—including mayors and unemployment, education, do not come quickly or easily. for moderate-income families other elected officials, resident and crime. But in Boston and Orlando, and homebuyers in HOPE VI organizations, developers and Indianapolis and Tucson, and redevelopments. HOPE VI builds on the com­ lenders, government agencies, dozens of other cities, the old munity’s assets, drawing upon HOPE VI has emerged as a nonprofit and faith-based groups, signs of poverty and neglect are the untapped reservoirs of eco­ successful component of the and many others—in partner- giving way to new signs of HOPE nomic power, human capital, President’s Urban Empowerment ships that marry public goals, for distressed public housing. historic value, and cultural Agenda. The locally led initia­ private-sector energy and fund­ vitality that even the poorest tives it supports are transforming ing, and the dormant hopes of neighborhoods possess. more than 120 neighborhoods in community residents.

HOPE VI 5 ATTRACTIVE PLACES TO LIVE

OPE VI is helping to finally free severely H distressed public “WE ARE TRANSFORMING THE housing from the legacy of poorly

WORST PUBLIC HOUSING designed buildings and their tremendous human costs. DEVELOPMENTS IN AMERICA INTO HOPE VI infill helped OUTPOSTS OF OPPORTUNITY THAT An architectural critic once renew ’s historic Manchester WILL HELP POOR FAMILIES BUILD described the dominant style neighborhood BETTER LIVES AND HELP of American public housing as “penal-colony modern.” The term REVITALIZE AMERICA’S CITIES.” is tragically apt. The spartan high- have deteriorated over the rises and barracks-style buildings years into oppressive, some- VICE PRESIDENT AL GORE of many projects were institutional times uninhabitable environ­ —even punitive—in both form ments. Residents are virtually and function. Some walled off from the sur­ lack basic features rounding community such as closets; others because their buildings are either marooned in the middle of With HOPE VI grants, housing windswept super- authorities have the necessary blocks or inacces­ resources to fix these mistakes by sible from the tearing the properties down and street. starting over again or, in some cases, rehabilitating them. Hayes Valley public housing before and after HOPE VI,

6 HOPE VI: BUILDING COMMUNITIES AND TRANSFORMING LIVES hood, and bunga­ developments that are safe and come together—the transforma­ lows with timbered accessible for all. Most redevelop­ tion of the former Lafayette accents in . ments have added streets that Courts in Baltimore and Ellen reconnect the former public Wilson Dwellings in Washington, Drawing on the housing site to the city’s existing D.C.—were singled out by the principles of the street grid, making the site a American Institute of Architects New Urbanism, a for their Honor Awards for Urban Design.

Barren “project” made beautiful, Orchard Park, Boston

HOPE VI-funded redevelop­ ments are sensitive to the needs of their residents and the archi­ tectural character of their neigh­ borhoods. Stylistically, HOPE VI developments take their cues from their surroundings. The continuation of the conventional blank boxes of pub­ planning and design movement community instead lic housing architecture are being that has attempted to distill and of isolating it. Two replaced by dignified brick row- update the essential qualities of HOPE VI develop­ houses in Baltimore, Victorian traditional neighborhood design, ments in which all exuberance in Washington, D.C.’s HOPE VI promotes sustainable, of these elements historic Capitol Hill neighbor- pedestrian-friendly, transit-oriented

HOPE VI 7 STABLE, DIVERSE COMMUNITIES

f efforts to revitalize the make affordable and market-rate important element of most worst public housing are housing an integral part of their HOPE VI revitalization plans. I to succeed for public redevelopment plans—without For example, 40 percent of housing residents and the com­ losing sight of their core mission the 1,063 units in the rede­ “HOPE VI…IS THE STORY OF munity at large, they must hold of serving public housing resi­ velopment of the Park WHAT NEVER SHOULD HAVE BEEN onto—and lure back—the dents. HOPE VI communities are DuValle neighborhood in IN THE FIRST PLACE AND WHAT working families that form the able to compete because they PUBLIC HOUSING CAN BE IN THE bedrock of stable neighborhoods. can offer the attributes that most FUTURE…A BEAUTIFUL STORY OF Many scholars believe that the households seek—quality hous­ POSSIBILITIES.” flight of these families from ing, safe streets, good schools, declining cities weakened local and proximity to shopping and economies, crippled local institu­ employment. HUD SECRETARY ANDREW CUOMO tions, and frayed the ties that HOPE VI has the capacity to bind the poor families that foster communities with a diver­ remain to the values and the sity that fulfills the promise of opportunities of mainstream America. They are designed to society. In cities across America, welcome: HOPE VI is giving these families new reasons to return. ■ Homeowners as well as renters. Homeownership is HUD has encouraged housing vital to long-term neighbor- authorities to leverage other fund­ hood stability and thus is an ing with their HOPE VI grants to Some of the many faces of public housing communities

8 HOPE VI: BUILDING COMMUNITIES AND TRANSFORMING LIVES Louisville are for-sale homes, ment in Washington, D.C., families understand and can ditional communities—front and one-third of these will will be fully accessible to participate at every step in porches, wide front steps, be affordable to families persons with physical dis­ the NewHolly development sidewalks, neighborhood earning less than 80 percent abilities, and 27 percent will process, from planning to pools, and playgrounds—that of the area median income. have accessible entrances and homeownership counseling. encourage residents to know bathrooms to make them at one another and take an ■ Households of every age ■ A sense of community. least “visitable” to those with active interest in their and condition of life. Many HOPE VI developments are mobility impairments. neighborhood. HOPE VI initiatives include designed for neighborliness. housing for elderly house- ■ Persons of every race and They include attributes of tra­ holds as well as families with culture. Immigrants and children. Five recent HOPE racial and ethnic minorities VI grants are converting are heavily represented in older elderly housing into many HOPE VI communi­ assisted living for frail sen­ ties, among both the public iors so that their aging resi­ housing population and dents can remain in their potential in-movers. The neighborhood. HUD is also Seattle Housing Authority encouraging maximum and its partners have em­ accessibility in HOPE VI ployed special translation housing. Nine percent of the services and minority repre­ rental and for-sale units in sentatives to ensure that the Wheeler Creek develop­ Asian, African, and Hispanic Residents participate in planning the revitalization of HOPE VI neighborhoods

HOPE VI 9 FAMILIES MOVING UP

he bonds that tie peo­ neighborhoods that suit ple to a particular their needs. place can be as strong “THIS SOUNDED TOO GOOD TO T In Baltimore and other in the most distressed community cities across the country, BE TRUE…BUT EVERYTHING as they are in the most idyllic. housing authorities are WORKED OUT. IT’S EVEN BETTER That is why cheers and tears min­ educating families about THAN I THOUGHT.” gle so freely when even a despised the full range of local public housing “project” is torn housing options and down. Some of its departing resi­ neighborhoods, counsel­ FIRST-TIME HOMEBUYER AND dents may want to stay in the RETURNING RESIDENT ing them on housing familiar surroundings of their old OF THE FORMER EARLE VILLAGE, search strategies, and neighborhood. Others, however, CHARLOTTE, NC reaching out to private may want to move their families landlords in lower poverty to where the schools are better or areas. Efforts like these the jobs more plentiful. HOPE VI Families at Seattle’s NewHolly take pride have helped the families can help them have: in their HOPE VI homes relocating from HOPE VI ■ The power to choose where of last resort. Housing sites in Atlanta to obtain the hous­ to live. This power, which authorities today are moving ing of their choice. Many who ini­ most Americans can take for aggressively to ensure that tially had planned to move back granted, is largely unknown public housing residents to the redeveloped site were so to people who have been relocating from HOPE VI pleased with their new neighbor- trapped—for much of their sites during the redevelop­ hoods that they chose not to r eturn. lives, in some cases—in what ment process are able to was often truly the housing choose homes and the

10 HOPE VI: BUILDING COMMUNITIES AND TRANSFORMING LIVES ■ The power to see a better financing processes. They show future. Perhaps the most prospective homebuyers how to inspiring sign of the promise clean up their credit and main­ that HOPE VI has brought to tain their home, equipping them poverty-stricken urban com­ with the knowledge they will need munities is the families that to become astute homeseekers, are returning to transformed qualified mortgage applicants, public housing developments and successful owners. as first-time homeowners. In addition, HOPE VI grantees The determination of these and their partners in the mort­ former public housing ten- gage lending industry bring to ants is so strong that, when bear an array of proven afford- no longer weighed down by able housing financing tools and isolation and despair, they techniques. By leveraging public are able to realize the and private resources, HOPE VI American Dream for them- developments offer lower income selves and their families. buyers lease-purchase arrange­ Programs such as the Home- ments, “soft” second mortgages, ownership Institute at Charlotte’s reduced downpayment or closing First Ward Place help demystify costs, lower interest rates, and the home search and mortgage other advantages. Relocation assistance helped former Pico Aliso resi­ dents obtain good housing elsewhere in

HOPE VI 11 OPPORTUNITIES TO LEARN AND EARN

OPE VI provides a For many ladder of assistance public housing H to residents of families, how- distressed public housing, for ever, these

“I FEEL A SENSE OF whom the climb out of depend­ advantages

COMMUNITY HERE. THERE IS ence to self-sufficiency can be alone will not particularly tricky. The stability enable them to NOWHERE ELSE IN ATLANTA I’D provided by a quality living overcome the WANT TO BE RIGHT NOW. environment is invaluable—it serious obsta­ I THINK IT’S THAT NICE.” gives them a solid foothold from cles ahead. which they can push off with HOPE VI Youth apprenticeships give residents constructive alternatives to the streets CENTENNIAL PLACE RESIDENT, confidence. A diverse, mixed- allows housing ATLANTA, GA income community offers them authorities to ■ Education. HOPE VI devel­ many guides, especially working devote up to 15 percent of their opments provide educational families whose example can both grants to delivering a wide range opportunities for adults and instruct and inspire. of community and supportive children alike. Offerings services that will equip these include everything from residents with the skills they nutrition to English as a need to succeed in the work­ second language, from force—and in life. Institutional vocational skills to personal partners in HOPE VI initiatives budgeting. Increasingly, —community- and faith-based classes use computer-based nonprofit groups and state and curricula and are brought local social service agencies, together under the roof of in particular—usually take a a single, multipurpose com­ Kids are safe to play and explore in HOPE VI leading role in providing these munity building such as communities services, which include: Seattle’s state-of-the-art

12 HOPE VI: BUILDING COMMUNITIES AND TRANSFORMING LIVES strong alliances between housing Angeles) place residents in hold income by 30 percent authorities and school boards are revitalization-related jobs. between 1996 and 1999, lifting crucial, bringing upgraded has found success more than 160 public housing schools to the neighborhood. through a partnership with families out of poverty. Atlanta’s Centennial Place boasts Walgreen’s drug stores that ■ Childcare. Without afford- a science and technology magnet trains Cabrini-Green resi­ able, accessible childcare, the school onsite, operated under dents and places them in single parents who dominate a partnership with the adjacent retail positions. This effort the public housing tenant Georgia Tech campus. In has been so successful that rolls are less likely to find and Wilmington, Delaware, the hous­ Walgreen’s is currently keep a job, and the neighbor- ing authority has established expanding it to East St. hood is at greater risk for a charter school next to its Louis, , and crime and delinquency prob­ Eastlake HOPE VI site. other cities. lems as well. Housing author­ HOPE VI means jobs for public ■ Employment. Welfare reform Several HOPE VI sites are ities are addressing the lack housing residents has given a new urgency to helping entrepreneurial public of childcare at HOPE VI sites Campus of Learners, which HOPE VI-focused programs housing residents become small and elsewhere by providing also includes a full-service that help public housing resi­ business owners. At the former space and support for child- public library and a commu­ dents prepare for, find, and Lafayette Courts HOPE VI site in care in revamped and expand- nity college branch. retain jobs. Grantees and Baltimore, the project’s developer ed community facilities, as their partners are pursuing helped to capitalize and contract well as by assisting residents Because public school quality a number of strategies that with resident-owned businesses. and resident organizations is so important to the market- coordinate with or comple­ The comprehensive strategy in establishing in-home and ability of mixed-income HOPE ment existing local welfare- being employed at Hillside larger scale childcare businesses. VI developments and to the to-work initiatives. Some Terrace (Milwaukee) has helped prospects of residents’ children, (notably Baltimore and Los increase residents’ average house­

HOPE VI 13 ■ Safety and Security. Housing lies as part of HUD’s successful to empowerment. authorities and their partners Officer Next Door program. Resident organiza­ are working to revitalize pub­ tions are often lead­ ■ Youth Programs. Of course, lic housing developments in ing partners in the the easiest crime to stop is the neighborhoods where gangs revitalization of one that has not yet occurred. and drugs have long been their communities. HOPE VI partners across entrenched. In addition to Others are busily America are mounting pro- “defensible space” elements developing the grams that offer young people and other physical improve­ technical, organiza­ positive alternatives to the ments to enhance security, tional, and leader- streets. In Los Angeles’ Pico HOPE VI sites employ resident ship capacity to Aliso HOPE VI community, patrols and various community take on increasingly Hillside Terrace in Milwaukee was designed Jobs for the Future encourages with kids in mind policing strategies, including responsible roles. young gang members to turn providing onsite units to HUD is committed to authorities have established rigor­ toward work. La Orquesta police officers and their fami­ ensuring that residents at all ous admission requirements for Sinfonica Juvenil at La HOPE VI sites have access to HOPE VI communities. For exam­ Nueva Puerta de San the information, expertise, ple, the housing authority may Juan in Puerto Rico and support they need to par­ require that public housing resi­ engages young people ticipate fully at every step of dents be in a self-sufficiency from rival public housing the redevelopment process. program that sets clear goals for projects in making music moving toward independence. together. HOPE VI developments are Like any private landlord, most being enriched with a vast array ■ Resident Leadership. housing authorities demand that of resources and services that can HOPE VI helps pub­ residents do not have a recent his- help any motivated resident climb lic housing residents tory of abusing their lease, their toward a better future—but moti­ make the transition credit, or the law. Up-to-date computer learning centers make onsite vation is the key. Many housing learning fun from powerlessness

14 HOPE VI: BUILDING COMMUNITIES AND TRANSFORMING LIVES CATALYSTS FOR ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

■ Attracting more community is part of the massive $215 ity contractors in the Near “BALTIMORE’S SECOND development. A HOPE VI million Park DuValle commu­ Eastside community would be RENAISSANCE IS WELL UNDER- grant may be the first signifi­ nity revitalization effort. able to compete for work. WAY, AND HOPE VI IS A cant public investment that ■ Keeping HOPE VI dollars in ■ Stimulating neighborhood DRIVING FORCE, NOT ONLY FOR some chronically distressed the community. HOPE VI is investment. HOPE VI rede­ PUBLIC HOUSING, BUT FOR THE urban communities have seen important to communities not velopment activities also SURROUNDING COMMUNITIES.” in many years. These grants only for the revitalized public encourage local property own­ can become a focal point for housing it yields, but also for ers to maintain their own comprehensive community the additional revenue the holdings. The Boston Housing FORMER BALTIMORE MAYOR revitalization initiatives. In KURT SCHMOKE redevelopment work can mean Authority scaled back plans to Columbus, the housing for neighborhood suppliers, acquire and rehabilitate dilapi­ authority leveraged its HOPE the income it puts in the dated houses adjacent to its VI grant for Windsor Terrace he HOPE VI program pockets of neighborhood Orchard Park HOPE VI site to attract crucial city infra­ reaches out to the workers, and the sales it gen­ when owners started fixing structure investments to the broader community. erates for the stores those them up on their own. T surrounding Greater Linden It recognizes that the fortunes of workers patronize. Baltimore area, including a new fire sta­ ■ Raising community property public housing sites and the sur­ helps ensure that low-income tion, police substation, and values. The local economic rounding community are inextrica­ community residents have a transit center. This reinvest­ impact of HOPE VI revital­ bly linked: One cannot prosper shot at all development-related ment activity encouraged other ization projects, though hard unless the other is healthy. jobs by operating an employ­ community stakeholders to to quantify, clearly is profound. Therefore, one of the program’s ment clearinghouse that has a follow: Citing the HOPE VI For example, real estate principal objectives is to ensure right of first referral on all job grant, a paint manufacturer tax receipts in the vicinity that investments in public housing openings. In Indianapolis, the spent $32 million to upgrade of Charlotte’s First Ward revitalization contribute to com­ housing authority divided the its Linden facility instead of Place jumped tenfold, from munitywide economic renewal as redevelopment of Concord moving to the suburbs. In $300,000 to $3 million. well. HOPE VI initiatives improve Village/Eaglecreek into dozens Louisville, HOPE VI funding the local economy by: of parcels so that small, minor-

HOPE VI 15 A NEW WAY OF DOING BUSINESS

OPE VI breaks the HOPE VI itself. In addition to its ■ Be a player. HOPE VI projects learning to incorporate higher, public housing mold. tremendous significance as an urban benefit from an increasingly private-industry standards into H HOPE VI develop- revitalization tool, HOPE VI is the collaborative relationship their decisionmaking in many ments do not look like public laboratory in which the future of between housing authorities aspects of operations, while housing; they are not run like public housing is being tested today. and their local government continuing to follow their public housing. They proclaim partners. This is an important public mission. HOPE VI is also challenging pub- new goals; they welcome new departure from housing lic housing authorities to pursue new ■ Leverage funds. A primary neighbors; they offer new opportu- authorities’ traditional isola­ ways of doing business. These strate- explanation for the mixed- nities and set new—and higher— tion from the workings of city gies are as much a part of the HOPE income and, increasingly, expectations for community life. government and the currents VI transformation story as the more mixed-use nature of HOPE VI of civic and business life. These characteristics are the natu- visible changes in programs and revitalization plans is the ral outgrowth of fundamental shifts physical design. HOPE VI encour- ■ Seek partners. Partnership is growing sophistication among in public housing policies and prac- ages housing authorities to: one of the keystones of HOPE grantees and their financial tices, influenced in recent years by VI. Grantees are aggressively advisors in obtaining and ■ Think outside the public reaching out to the private sec­ coordinating diverse public housing “box.” Housing tor and governments at every and private funding sources. authorities today are being level, as well as to community- asked to be more than merely ■ Innovate. One of the lasting based nonprofits, faith-based property managers, and in legacies of HOPE VI will be and civic groups, institutions of HOPE VI their strategic think- that grantees, residents, part­ higher learning, labor unions, ing reflects an increased atten­ ners, and other stakeholders foundations, and others. tion to the intertwined fortunes are working together to cre­ of communities and their ■ Take the market’s pulse. In atively transform America’s public housing developments. today’s environment of mixed- worst public housing into income HOPE VI develop­ “communities of opportunity” ments, housing authorities are for the new millennium. The former Ellen Wilson Dwellings has been rebuilt as a mixed-income cooperative, Washington, D.C.

16 HOPE VI: BUILDING COMMUNITIES AND TRANSFORMING LIVES CONTACT INFORMATION

Learn more about how the HOPE VI pr ogram is transforming distressed public housing across the country—and how it can work in your community.

Contact your local HUD office or visit HUD’s website at http://www.hud.gov

“MY FAMILY AND I HAVE

RETURNED TO A MUCH DIFFERENT U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development HILLSIDE THAN WHEN I LEFT: A Office of Public Housing Investments MORE ATTRACTIVE PLACE, WITH 451 Seventh Street SW OPEN STREETS, PORCHES, Washington, DC 20410 BEAUTIFUL LANDSCAPING. MORE

IMPORTANTLY, RESIDENTS TAKE

PRIDE IN THEIR COMMUNITY, THEY

TALK TO EACH OTHER, AND

NEIGHBORS LOOK OUT FOR EACH

OTHER’S CHILDREN.”

From highrise to human scale, Henry Horner Homes, Chicago

HILLSIDE TERRACE RESIDENT,

MILWAUKEE, WI

Front Cover: Streetscape, Orchard Park HOPE VI development, Boston Back Cover: Centennial Place HOPE VI development at night, Atlanta HOPE VI 17 U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development Washington, DC 20410–6000 FIRST-CLASS MAIL U.S. POSTAGE PAID Official Business HUD PERMIT NO. G–795 Penalty for Private Use $300

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N T D N E U M R P BA O N DEVEL December 1999